EP1876265A2 - Connector for mechanical and electrical connection of an anode to the anodic frame of an aluminium production cell and device for grasping and tightening/loosening such a connector - Google Patents
Connector for mechanical and electrical connection of an anode to the anodic frame of an aluminium production cell and device for grasping and tightening/loosening such a connector Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1876265A2 EP1876265A2 EP07301005A EP07301005A EP1876265A2 EP 1876265 A2 EP1876265 A2 EP 1876265A2 EP 07301005 A EP07301005 A EP 07301005A EP 07301005 A EP07301005 A EP 07301005A EP 1876265 A2 EP1876265 A2 EP 1876265A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- connector
- anode
- clamping
- pressing member
- loosening
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 title description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical compound [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003042 antagnostic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RJFAYQIBOAGBLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenomethionine Natural products C[Se]CCC(N)C(O)=O RJFAYQIBOAGBLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001610 cryolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
- C25C3/08—Cell construction, e.g. bottoms, walls, cathodes
- C25C3/10—External supporting frames or structures
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
- B25B5/00—Clamps
- B25B5/06—Arrangements for positively actuating jaws
- B25B5/08—Arrangements for positively actuating jaws using cams
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
- C25C3/08—Cell construction, e.g. bottoms, walls, cathodes
- C25C3/12—Anodes
- C25C3/125—Anodes based on carbon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
- C25C3/16—Electric current supply devices, e.g. bus bars
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of aluminum production according to the well-known technology of igneous electrolysis.
- the production of aluminum is carried out in tanks or production cells mounted in series, each comprising a molten bath, including cryolite and alumina, crossed by a high amperage electric current.
- these tanks comprise a certain number of precooked anodes which, as and when the electrolysis reaction, are consumed so that it is appropriate to proceed to their periodic replacement, this periodicity being typically 22 to 28 days.
- anodes therefore have a removability character with respect to said cells. They are thus connected mechanically and electrically by means of a connector on an anode frame electrically conductive, associated with each of said cells.
- This anode frame is driven by a vertical descent movement to compensate for the wear of the anodes related to their consumption, and thus maintain substantially constant the inter-polar distance between the anode and the cell acting cathode.
- the anodes are attached to the anode frame by means of connectors ensuring both the mechanical connection of said anodes on the anode frame and secondly the electrical conduction to ensure the electrolysis reaction. More specifically, this mechanical connection occurs at the level of the anode rod, generally consisting of a square section of aluminum rod, sized to be able to support the weight of the anode.
- This attachment must be particularly effective to prevent the falling of the anodes within the tank, and secondly to optimize the electrical connection to limit the voltage drop at the contact, because of the very strong amperages running through each of the anodes.
- the anode rod is inserted between the anode frame and the edge of the levers located at the common axis. Effective clamping of the anode rod results from relative movement of said edge of the levers relative to the hooks.
- the pressing surface of the levers close to the common axis is such that when the opposite ends of said levers are brought closer to each other by means of the clamping screw, a clamping force adapted to the application envisaged, on the other hand, when the said ends are moved away, the pressing surface of the levers is moved back relative to the reference frame finished by the hooks, thus releasing the considered anode rod.
- this connector is actuated by a handling device intended to allow the different operations to be carried out in connection with the change of the anodes, besides enabling the anodic frame to be raised while keeping the altitude of the anode constant.
- This device is provided with a gripping means of the connector in question associated with a means for clamping or loosening said connector.
- Such a tool operates simultaneously with a tool adapted to the gripping of the anode rod proper also capable of exerting a function of lifting and tearing of the anode out of the electrolysis bath, also called " pulling key ".
- the connector gripping means known to date are provided with a member cooperating with a flange formed on said connector.
- Such a connector is for example described in the document FR A 2,854,906 .
- the upper lever is provided with a gripping flange intended to cooperate with a fastening means formed in the handling member.
- the object of the present invention is to overcome these various disadvantages.
- it aims a suppressor connector devoid of hyperstatic character previously defined, and also provided with means such that the risk of falls become non-existent.
- this connector for the mechanical and electrical connection of anode to the anode frame of an igneous electrolysis aluminum production cell, said frame being provided with fixing hooks intended to cooperate with the connector, consists of the two stirrups or jaws acting as a lever, articulated on a common axis whose respective extensions are received within said hooks, and are actuated in an antagonistic manner at their free ends by means of a two-zone clamping screw at opposite pitch cooperating with the level of crosspieces joining said free ends of the stirrups.
- the pressing surface of the connector that is to say the zone intended to cooperate with the anode rod to allow the connection of the latter with the anode frame, is constituted by a pressure member distinct from the stirrups or cross members solidarisant one to another, and isostatically fixed on said connector or on the elements that constitute it.
- the invention consists first of all in reporting to a connector of traditional invoice an additional isostatic member with respect thereto.
- the isostatic character of this pressing member thus makes it possible, on the one hand, to overcome the deformations conventionally encountered on the anode rods, and on the other hand, to increase the surface and, as a corollary, the clamping efficiency of the rod. anode on the anode frame, with corollary, the optimization of the electrical contact in these two elements.
- this pressing member comprises two flat surfaces extending substantially vertically from the central zone of the connector, these flat surfaces being received on ball joints formed at the cross members joining the constituent stirrups of the connector.
- these flat surfaces are secured to one another by a portion surrounding the hinge axis of the stirrups. Due to the relative mobility of this pressing member relative to the actual connector, mobility inherent in the cooperation of the flat surfaces with the ball joints, there is then a perfectly isostatic connector.
- the pressing member has a shape substantially in ⁇ (omega), the loop of the omega surrounding around the common axis of articulation of the two levers - jaws constituting the connector.
- the posterior zone of the pressure member comprises a fin also extending vertically, said fin being relatively movably received in housings provided for this purpose in the posterior area of the anterior crosspieces joining the stirrups. .
- the assembly constituted by the flat surfaces, the fin and the portion defining the omega is monobloc and made of pressed steel.
- the invention relates secondly to a device for gripping and clamping / loosening such anode connection.
- the support means of the connector is constituted by a claw, mounted oscillating along the same axis of articulation as that of the double forks, and intended to cooperate with the pressing member of said connector, and more particularly with lower end of the vertical fin of said pressing member.
- the respective dimensions of the forks and the claw are chosen so as to correspond to the difference in altimetry between the common axis of articulation of the constituent levers of the connector and the actual positioning position of the lower end of the connector. lower wing of the pressing member which it is provided.
- the gripping and clamping device of the connector is provided with a means of guiding against the anode rod, favoring its descent in contact with the connector, this guiding means consisting of a cylinder provided with lateral flanges of diameter. more important than that of the cylinder, and whose distance separating them corresponds substantially to the clearance close to the dimension of one side of the square section of the anode rods.
- the forks are articulated on the prevention and clamping device but have, however, a limited movement.
- the device also comprises elastic stop means intended to cooperate with the upper rear cross member of the connector, said means being dimensioned and positioned so as to induce the release of the pressure member out of the claw, when the connector is in a tight position, superabundantly optimizing the overall safety.
- FIG. 1 therefore shows an electrolytic cell (1) intended to allow the production of aluminum by so-called igneous electrolysis technology.
- a series of precooked anodes (2) typically made of carbon, is immersed and each fixed to an anode frame (3) via a substantially vertical conducting rod (4).
- the anode frame (3) is metallic, electrically conductive, and is movable with respect to a fixed gantry (5) disposed above the electrolytic cell (1).
- this anode frame (3) is capable of translating vertically with respect to the gantry (5).
- FIG. 1 also shows the rods (4) of the anodes (2), enabling them to be fixed to the anode frame (3) by means of connector (10), described in greater detail below, each provided with a hinge pin received within hooks (6) fixed to said anode frame (3).
- this connector (10) comprises firstly two levers or jaws, respectively (11) and (12), each consisting of two lateral flanges, respectively (13, 13 ') and (14, 14'), these different flanges being identical to each other.
- the lateral flanges (13, 13 ') respectively (14, 14') of each of these two levers are interconnected by means of two crosspieces, respectively an anterior cross member (15, 16) and posterior (17, 18).
- levers (11) and (12) are hinged to each other with respect to an axis (19), typically consisting of a cylindrical metal rod projecting from either side of said levers. It is these projections which are intended to be received in the hooks (6) fixed on the anode frame (3), and which will thus allow on the one hand, the reception of the connectors, and on the other hand, to ensure the clamping function of the rods (4) of the anodes against the anode frame.
- the posterior crosspieces (17) and (18) are provided with a bore (20) and (21) intended to receive a clamping screw (22) comprising two collinear parts (23) and (24) which have the characteristic of having a opposite screw pitch.
- bores (20) and (21) are provided with a complementary thread and corresponding to inverted screw pitch.
- This screw (22) is provided with a screw head (25) in this case of substantially square section, and intended to cooperate with a clamping member described in detail later.
- crosspieces (17) and (18) are not fixed, but are rotatably mounted on the side flanges (13, 13 '), respectively (14, 14'), to allow linear retention the shank of the clamping screw (22) during tightening or loosening of the connector.
- the connector (10) comprises a pressing member (26) which is not constituted by the front end of the levers or by the free end of the front cross members (15) and (16).
- this pressing member (26) consists of two flat surfaces, respectively upper (27) and lower (28), interconnected by a connecting zone (29) surround around the axis (19). as can be seen in FIGS. 4 and 5, for example.
- this pressing member has a general shape in ⁇ .
- Each of the upper (27) and lower (28) surfaces are mounted on a ball (30) formed at the free edge (31) of the respective anterior (15) and posterior (16) crosspieces.
- This ball joint (30) cooperates with a substantially cylindrical profile (32) formed on the inner face (33) of said surfaces (27, 28).
- this ball (30) has a spherical cap, adapted to allow said flat surfaces (27) and (28) a slight deflection in the horizontal plane and in the vertical plane, notwithstanding the connecting portion (29).
- the pressing member (26) has a vertical fin (34) received in housings (35), (36) formed in the posterior edge, respectively (37, 38) of the front cross members (15) and (16).
- the effective area of the flat surfaces (27) and (28) are approximately in width, one third of the width of the connector, it can be envisaged other types of pressing members in terms of dimension, according to the needs.
- FIGS. 6 to 8 show the device for handling and clamping the connector according to the invention.
- this device (40) firstly comprises a gripping member of the connector (10).
- This gripping member comprises firstly a lateral fork (41, 42) articulated along an axis (43), but whose travel is limited by the cooperation of a lug (44) within a hole of length limited (45), secured to the structure of said gripping member.
- said forks define a housing (46) for receiving the hinge axis (19) of a connector (10).
- the gripping member also comprises a guide means (47) intended to promote its progression during the approach phase at a connector in place on the hooks (6) of the anode frame (3).
- This guide means (47) consists in this case of a cylinder articulated along the axis (43), and provided with lateral guides (48), the inter-axis of said guides (48) being slightly greater than the width standard of anode rod (4).
- the gripping member comprises a claw (49), extending substantially in the same direction as the main dimension of the forks (41, 42), but set back from those -this.
- This claw (49) is provided with a lug (50) intended, as will be described later, to cooperate with the pressing member (26) of the connector (10), and more particularly with the vertical fin (34). ).
- the gripping member finally comprises elastic stops (51) and (52), associated with coil springs, intended to bear on the posterior crosspieces (17) and (18) of a connector (10), so as to to allow the disengagement of the lug (50) of the claw (49) from the pressure member of said connector, when the latter is in the clamping position, and again, it will be described later.
- the device according to the invention also comprises a clamping wrench (53) actuated conventionally by a hydraulic motor, but also sometimes by a pneumatic or even electric motor, and intended to cooperate with the head (25) of the clamping screw ( 22) of the connector (10).
- a clamping wrench (53) actuated conventionally by a hydraulic motor, but also sometimes by a pneumatic or even electric motor, and intended to cooperate with the head (25) of the clamping screw ( 22) of the connector (10).
- the respective dimensions of the claw (49), the forks (41, 42), and the location of the clamping wrench (53) are obviously determined according to the dimensions of the connector and its potential travel.
- FIGS. 9 and 10 show the respective positions of the pre-emption and clamping device according to the invention in cooperation with a connector of the invention respectively in the lifting and clamping position.
- the claw (49) When descent of the housings (46) of the forks (41, 42) in the direction of the axis (19) of the connector (10), the claw (49) is shaped so that it bears against the vertical rear wing (34) of the pressure member (26) of the connector, to pass under the lower end (55) of the wing in question to support this lower end by the lug (50) .
- the clamping wrench (51) is actuated, inducing the loosening of the connector which can not be released due to the cooperation of the lug (50) with the lower end of the fin (34) on the one hand, and that of the housings (46) of the forks (41, 42) with the hinge axis (19).
- the spring stops (51, 52) are supported on either side of the head or clamping sleeve (25) of the clamping screw (22) on the rear crossmember (17).
- the spring stops (51, 52) do not rest on said rear cross member or exert a counter-reaction sufficient to induce tilting of the claw (49) with respect to its axis of articulation, (43), and therefore corollary its disengagement from the lower end (55) of the vertical vane (34) of the organ presser (26) of the connector in question, and thus its release.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
L'invention a trait au domaine de la production d'aluminium selon la technologie bien connue de l'électrolyse ignée.The invention relates to the field of aluminum production according to the well-known technology of igneous electrolysis.
Selon cette technologie, la production d'aluminium est réalisée au sein de cuves ou cellules de production montées en série, comportant chacune un bain en fusion, notamment de cryolithe et d'alumine, traversé par un courant électrique de fort ampérage. A cet effet, ces cuves comportent un certain nombre d'anodes précuites qui, au fur et à mesure de la réaction d'électrolyse, se consomment de sorte qu'il convient de procéder à leur remplacement périodique, cette périodicité étant typiquement de 22 à 28 jours.According to this technology, the production of aluminum is carried out in tanks or production cells mounted in series, each comprising a molten bath, including cryolite and alumina, crossed by a high amperage electric current. For this purpose, these tanks comprise a certain number of precooked anodes which, as and when the electrolysis reaction, are consumed so that it is appropriate to proceed to their periodic replacement, this periodicity being typically 22 to 28 days.
Ces anodes présentent donc un caractère d'amovibilité par rapport auxdites cellules. Elles sont donc connectées mécaniquement et électriquement au moyen d'un connecteur sur un cadre anodique conducteur de l'électricité, associé à chacune desdites cellules.These anodes therefore have a removability character with respect to said cells. They are thus connected mechanically and electrically by means of a connector on an anode frame electrically conductive, associated with each of said cells.
Ce cadre anodique est animé d'un mouvement de descente verticale pour compenser l'usure des anodes liée leur consommation, et maintenir ainsi sensiblement constante la distance inter polaire entre l'anode et la cellule faisant fonction de cathode. Ainsi, les anodes sont fixées au cadre anodique par le biais de connecteurs assurant tout à la fois la liaison mécanique desdites anodes sur le cadre anodique et d'autre part la conduction électrique permettant d'assurer la réaction d'électrolyse. Plus précisément, cette liaison mécanique intervient au niveau de la tige d'anode, constituée généralement d'une tige d'aluminium de section carrée, dimensionnée pour pouvoir supporter le poids de l'anode.This anode frame is driven by a vertical descent movement to compensate for the wear of the anodes related to their consumption, and thus maintain substantially constant the inter-polar distance between the anode and the cell acting cathode. Thus, the anodes are attached to the anode frame by means of connectors ensuring both the mechanical connection of said anodes on the anode frame and secondly the electrical conduction to ensure the electrolysis reaction. More specifically, this mechanical connection occurs at the level of the anode rod, generally consisting of a square section of aluminum rod, sized to be able to support the weight of the anode.
Cette fixation doit être d'une particulièrement grande efficacité pour éviter la chute des anodes au sein de la cuve, et d'autre part d'optimiser la connexion électrique afin de limiter les chutes de tension au niveau du contact, en raison des très forts ampérages parcourant chacune des anodes.This attachment must be particularly effective to prevent the falling of the anodes within the tank, and secondly to optimize the electrical connection to limit the voltage drop at the contact, because of the very strong amperages running through each of the anodes.
Parmi les différents connecteurs connus à ce jour, on connaît les connecteurs mobiles, c'est à dire, qui ne restent pas à demeure sur le cadre anodique, lorsque l'anode arrive en fin de vie et qu'il convient de pourvoir à son remplacement par une anode neuve.Among the various connectors known to date, we know the mobile connectors, that is to say, which do not stay permanently on the anode frame, when the anode reaches the end of life and should be provided to its replacement by a new anode.
On a ainsi décrit dans le document
La tige d'anode est insérée entre le cadre anodique et le bord des leviers situés au niveau de l'axe commun. Le serrage effectif de la tige d'anode résulte du déplacement relatif dudit bord des leviers par rapport aux crochets. De fait, la surface presseuse des leviers voisine de l'axe commun est telle que lorsque l'on rapproche les extrémités opposées desdits leviers l'un de l'autre au moyen de la vis de serrage, on induit une force de serrage adaptée à l'application envisagée, en revanche, lorsque l'on éloigne lesdites extrémités, on recule la surface presseuse des leviers par rapport au référentiel dé fini par les crochets, libérant ainsi la tige d'anode considérée.The anode rod is inserted between the anode frame and the edge of the levers located at the common axis. Effective clamping of the anode rod results from relative movement of said edge of the levers relative to the hooks. In fact, the pressing surface of the levers close to the common axis is such that when the opposite ends of said levers are brought closer to each other by means of the clamping screw, a clamping force adapted to the application envisaged, on the other hand, when the said ends are moved away, the pressing surface of the levers is moved back relative to the reference frame finished by the hooks, thus releasing the considered anode rod.
Selon ce document, ce connecteur est actionné par un dispositif de manutention destiné à permettre de réaliser les différentes opérations en relation avec le changement des anodes, outre de permettre de procéder au relevage du cadre anodique tout en maintenant constante l'altitude de l'anode considérée. Ce dispositif est muni d'un moyen de préhension du connecteur considéré associé à un moyen de serrage ou de desserrage dudit connecteur. Un tel outil fonctionne de manière simultanée avec un outil adapté à la préhension de la tige d'anode proprement dite susceptible en outre d'exercer une fonction de levage et d'arrachage de l'anode hors du bain d'électrolyse, également dénommé « clef d'arrachage ».According to this document, this connector is actuated by a handling device intended to allow the different operations to be carried out in connection with the change of the anodes, besides enabling the anodic frame to be raised while keeping the altitude of the anode constant. considered. This device is provided with a gripping means of the connector in question associated with a means for clamping or loosening said connector. Such a tool operates simultaneously with a tool adapted to the gripping of the anode rod proper also capable of exerting a function of lifting and tearing of the anode out of the electrolysis bath, also called " pulling key ".
Or, l'un des problèmes technique que l'on rencontre en relation avec cette opération notamment de changement d'anode, est le risque non négligeable de chute du connecteur après desserrage. En effet, les moyens de préhension du connecteur connus à ce jour sont munis d'un organe coopérant avec un rebord ménagé sur ledit connecteur.However, one of the technical problems that we encounter in connection with this operation including anode change, is the significant risk of falling of the connector after loosening. Indeed, the connector gripping means known to date are provided with a member cooperating with a flange formed on said connector.
Or, on a pu montrer et par ailleurs expérimenter qu'en raison, tout d'abord du poids du connecteur, et d'autre part des moyen mis en oeuvre pour assurer sa préhension, la chute du connecteur intervient quelque fois, avec des conséquence importantes à la clé, à savoir :
- si le connecteur chute dans le bain d'électrolyse, risque d'endommagement de la cuve d'électrolyse outre la difficulté de le récupérer,
- et si le connecteur chute en dehors de la cuve, le risque de blessures du personnel en raison de son poids relativement élevé.
- if the connector falls into the electrolysis bath, there is a risk of damage to the electrolysis cell in addition to the difficulty of recovering it,
- and if the connector falls out of the tank, the risk of personal injury due to its relatively high weight.
Un tel connecteur est par exemple décrit dans le document
Quels que soient les connecteurs de l'état antérieur de la technique, ils sont tous hyperstatiques entre l'axe géométrique défini par les logements des crochets qui reçoivent l'axe commun d'articulation des leviers qui constituent le connecteur, et le plan défini par le parallélisme des faces de serrage de l'anode. Ainsi, comme le contact connecteur - anode est de type cylindre sur plan et qu'au surplus, l'effort presseur n'est pas uniforme en raison du caractère hyperstatique du dispositif, les tiges d'anode sont déformées par les mâchoires ou leviers, diminuant l'effet de serrage et affectant de fait la chute de tension entre la tige d'anode et le cadre anodique.Whatever the connectors of the prior art, they are all hyperstatic between the geometric axis defined by the housing of the hooks which receive the common axis of articulation of the levers which constitute the connector, and the plane defined by the parallelism of the clamping faces of the anode. Thus, since the connector-anode contact is of cylinder-on-plane type and, moreover, the pressure force is not uniform because of the hyperstatic nature of the device, the anode rods are deformed by the jaws or levers, decreasing the clamping effect and thereby affecting the voltage drop between the anode rod and the anode frame.
L'objet de la présente invention est de palier ces différents inconvénients. En premier lieu, elle vise un connecteur supprimant dépourvu du caractère hyperstatique précédemment défini, et par ailleurs muni de moyens tels que les risques de chutes deviennent inexistants.The object of the present invention is to overcome these various disadvantages. In the first place, it aims a suppressor connector devoid of hyperstatic character previously defined, and also provided with means such that the risk of falls become non-existent.
Ainsi ce connecteur pour le raccordement mécanique et électrique d'une anode au cadre anodique d'une cellule de production d'aluminium par électrolyse ignée, ledit cadre étant pourvu de crochets de fixation destinés à coopérer avec le connecteur, est constitué des deux étriers ou mâchoires faisant fonction de levier, articulés sur un axe commun dont les prolongement respectifs sont reçus au sein desdits crochets, et sont actionnés de manière antagoniste au niveau de leurs extrémités libres au moyen d'une vis de serrage à deux zones à pas contraire coopérant au niveau de traverses joignant lesdites extrémités libres des étriers.Thus this connector for the mechanical and electrical connection of anode to the anode frame of an igneous electrolysis aluminum production cell, said frame being provided with fixing hooks intended to cooperate with the connector, consists of the two stirrups or jaws acting as a lever, articulated on a common axis whose respective extensions are received within said hooks, and are actuated in an antagonistic manner at their free ends by means of a two-zone clamping screw at opposite pitch cooperating with the level of crosspieces joining said free ends of the stirrups.
Selon l'invention, la surface presseuse du connecteur, c'est-à-dire la zone destinée à coopérer avec la tige d'anode afin de permettre la connexion de cette dernière avec le cadre anodique, est constituée par un organe presseur distinct des étriers ou des traverses les solidarisant l'un à l'autre, et fixé de manière isostatique sur ledit connecteur ou sur les éléments qui le constituent.According to the invention, the pressing surface of the connector, that is to say the zone intended to cooperate with the anode rod to allow the connection of the latter with the anode frame, is constituted by a pressure member distinct from the stirrups or cross members solidarisant one to another, and isostatically fixed on said connector or on the elements that constitute it.
En d'autres termes, l'invention consiste en premier lieu à rapporter sur un connecteur de facture traditionnelle un organe supplémentaire isostatique par rapport à celui-ci. Le caractère isostatique de cet organe presseur permet ainsi d'une part, de s'affranchir des déformations classiquement rencontrées sur les tiges d'anode, et d'autre part, d'augmenter la surface et corollairement l'efficacité de serrage de la tige d'anode sur le cadre anodique, avec en corollaire, l'optimisation du contact électrique en ces deux éléments.In other words, the invention consists first of all in reporting to a connector of traditional invoice an additional isostatic member with respect thereto. The isostatic character of this pressing member thus makes it possible, on the one hand, to overcome the deformations conventionally encountered on the anode rods, and on the other hand, to increase the surface and, as a corollary, the clamping efficiency of the rod. anode on the anode frame, with corollary, the optimization of the electrical contact in these two elements.
Le caractère isostatique de ce connecteur rend ce dernier insensible à la qualité de la géométrie des crochets et de la tige d'anode.The isostatic nature of this connector makes it insensitive to the quality of the geometry of the hooks and the anode rod.
Selon l'invention, cet organe presseur comporte deux surfaces planes s'étendant sensiblement verticalement depuis la zone médiane du connecteur, ces surfaces planes étant reçues sur des rotules ménagées au niveau des traverses joignant les étriers constitutifs du connecteur. Au surplus, ces surfaces planes sont solidarisées l'une à l'autre par une portion venant entourer l'axe d'articulation des étriers. En raison de la mobilité relative de cet organe presseur par rapport au connecteur proprement dit, mobilité inhérente à la coopération des surfaces planes avec les rotules, on dispose alors d'un connecteur parfaitement isostatique.According to the invention, this pressing member comprises two flat surfaces extending substantially vertically from the central zone of the connector, these flat surfaces being received on ball joints formed at the cross members joining the constituent stirrups of the connector. In addition, these flat surfaces are secured to one another by a portion surrounding the hinge axis of the stirrups. Due to the relative mobility of this pressing member relative to the actual connector, mobility inherent in the cooperation of the flat surfaces with the ball joints, there is then a perfectly isostatic connector.
Selon une caractéristique de l'invention, l'organe presseur présente une forme sensiblement en Ω (omega), la boucle de l'oméga venant s'entourer autour de l'axe commun d'articulation des deux leviers - mâchoires constitutifs du connecteur.According to one characteristic of the invention, the pressing member has a shape substantially in Ω (omega), the loop of the omega surrounding around the common axis of articulation of the two levers - jaws constituting the connector.
Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, la zone postérieure de l'organe presseur comprend une ailette s'étendant également verticalement, ladite ailette étant reçue de manière relativement mobile dans des logements ménagés à cet effet en zone postérieure des traverses antérieures joignant les étriers.According to another characteristic of the invention, the posterior zone of the pressure member comprises a fin also extending vertically, said fin being relatively movably received in housings provided for this purpose in the posterior area of the anterior crosspieces joining the stirrups. .
Avantageusement l'ensemble constitué par les surfaces planes, l'ailette et la portion définissant l'oméga est monobloc et réalisé en acier pressé.Advantageously the assembly constituted by the flat surfaces, the fin and the portion defining the omega is monobloc and made of pressed steel.
L'invention concerne en second lieu un dispositif de préhension et de serrage/desserrage d'un tel connecter d'anode.The invention relates secondly to a device for gripping and clamping / loosening such anode connection.
Ce dispositif comprend tout d'abord :
- un organe de préhension du connecteur, muni :
- d'une double fourches sensiblement parallèles l'une à l'autre, montée oscillante par rapport à un axe d'articulation, et propre à venir prendre appui sur l'axe d'articulation du connecteur et de réception dans les crochets de fixation sur le cadre anodique ;
- et d'un moyen support dudit connecteur et de maintien de celui-ci dans lesdites fourches lorsqu'il est position desserrée ;
- un organe de serrage/desserrage du connecteur, destiné à se positionner en situation opérationnelle au niveau du moyen de serrage du connecteur, et en l'espèce de la tête ou douille de vis à double zone à pas opposés, lorsque les fourches sont sensiblement au niveau de l'axe commun du connecteur.
- a gripping member of the connector, provided with:
- a double forks substantially parallel to each other, mounted oscillating relative to an axis of articulation, and adapted to bear on the axis of articulation of the connector and receiving in the fastening hooks on the anode frame;
- and a support means for said connector and for holding it in said forks when it is loosened;
- a clamping / loosening member of the connector, intended to be positioned in operational situation at the clamping means of the connector, and in this case of the head or socket of double-zone screws with opposite pitches, when the forks are substantially at level of the common axis of the connector.
Selon l'invention, le moyen de support du connecteur est constitué par une griffe, montée oscillante selon le même axe d'articulation que celui de la double fourches, et destinée à coopérer avec l'organe presseur dudit connecteur, et plus particulièrement ave l'extrémité inférieure de l'ailette verticale dudit organe presseur.According to the invention, the support means of the connector is constituted by a claw, mounted oscillating along the same axis of articulation as that of the double forks, and intended to cooperate with the pressing member of said connector, and more particularly with lower end of the vertical fin of said pressing member.
Ce faisant, en raison même de cette coopération particulière, il n'y a plus aucun risque de voir le connecteur s'échapper de l'organe de préhension du dispositif de préhension, puisque la coopération entre le moyen de support et le connecteur proprement dit s'effectue sur une direction verticale, le connecteur reposant d'ores et déjà par gravité au niveau de la griffe, et d'autre part, étant maintenu dans les fourches grâce à cette griffe et à l'orientation particulière de cette dernière.In doing so, precisely because of this particular cooperation, there is no longer any risk of the connector escaping from the gripping member of the gripping device, since the cooperation between the support means and the connector itself is carried out in a vertical direction, the connector resting already by gravity at the claw, and secondly, being maintained in the forks with this claw and the particular orientation of the latter.
Bien évidement les dimensions respectives des fourches et de la griffe sont choisies de telle sorte à correspondre à la différence d'altimétrie entre l'axe commun d'articulation des leviers constitutifs du connecteur et le lieu de positionnement effectif de l'extrémité inférieures de l'ailette inférieure de l'organe presseur dont il est muni.Of course, the respective dimensions of the forks and the claw are chosen so as to correspond to the difference in altimetry between the common axis of articulation of the constituent levers of the connector and the actual positioning position of the lower end of the connector. lower wing of the pressing member which it is provided.
Avantageusement, le dispositif de préhension et de serrage du connecteur est muni d'un moyen de guidage contre la tige d'anode, favorisant sa descente au contact du connecteur, ce moyen de guidage étant constitué d'un cylindre muni de flasques latéraux de diamètre plus important que celui du cylindre, et dont la distance les séparant correspond sensiblement au jeu près à la dimension d'un coté de la section carrée des tiges d'anode.Advantageously, the gripping and clamping device of the connector is provided with a means of guiding against the anode rod, favoring its descent in contact with the connector, this guiding means consisting of a cylinder provided with lateral flanges of diameter. more important than that of the cylinder, and whose distance separating them corresponds substantially to the clearance close to the dimension of one side of the square section of the anode rods.
Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, les fourches sont articulées sur le dispositif de prévention et de serrage mais présentent cependant un débattement limité.According to another characteristic of the invention, the forks are articulated on the prevention and clamping device but have, however, a limited movement.
Enfin, le dispositif comprend également des moyens de butée élastique, destinés à coopérer avec la traverse postérieure supérieure du connecte, lesdits moyens étant dimensionnés et positionnés de telle sorte à induire la libération de l'organe presseur hors de la griffe, lorsque le connecteur est en position serré, optimisant de manière surabondante la sécurité de l'ensemble.Finally, the device also comprises elastic stop means intended to cooperate with the upper rear cross member of the connector, said means being dimensioned and positioned so as to induce the release of the pressure member out of the claw, when the connector is in a tight position, superabundantly optimizing the overall safety.
La manière dont l'invention peut être réalisée et les avantages qui en découlent ressortiront mieux de l'exemple de réalisation qui suit, donné à titre indicatif et non limitatif à l'appui des figures annexées.
- La figure 1 est une représentation schématique illustrant une cellule de production d'aluminium par électrolyse ignée, sur laquelle ont été représentées les différentes anodes fixées sur le cadre anodique.
- Les figures 2
et 3 représentent schématiquement en perspective le connecteur d'anode conforme à l'invention, respectivement en position serrée et desserrée. - Les figures 4
et 5 représentent le connecteur d'anode en section verticale, respectivement également en position serrée et desserrée. - Les figures 6, 7 et 8 représentent schématiquement en perspective le dispositif de manutention et de serrage du connecteur d'anode selon différentes orientations.
- Les figures 9 et 10 sont des représentations schématiques illustrant deux positions du dispositif en question, respectivement en position de préhension, et de libération du connecteur.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic representation illustrating an igneous electrolysis aluminum production cell, on which the various anodes fixed on the anode frame have been represented.
- Figures 2 and 3 show schematically in perspective the anode connector according to the invention, respectively in the closed position and loosened.
- Figures 4 and 5 show the anode connector in vertical section, respectively also in a tight and loose position.
- Figures 6, 7 and 8 show schematically in perspective the handling and clamping device of the anode connector in different orientations.
- Figures 9 and 10 are schematic representations illustrating two positions of the device in question, respectively in the gripping position, and release of the connector.
On a donc représenté en relation avec la figure 1, une cuve d'électrolyse (1), destinée à permettre la production d'aluminium par la technologie dite de l'électrolyse ignée. Au sein de cette cuve ou cellule, on plonge une série d'anodes précuites (2), typiquement réalisées en carbone, et fixées chacune à un cadre anodique (3) par l'intermédiaire d'une tige conductrice (4) sensiblement verticale.FIG. 1 therefore shows an electrolytic cell (1) intended to allow the production of aluminum by so-called igneous electrolysis technology. Within this vessel or cell, a series of precooked anodes (2), typically made of carbon, is immersed and each fixed to an anode frame (3) via a substantially vertical conducting rod (4).
Comme déjà indiqué, le cadre anodique (3) est métallique, conducteur de l'électricité, et est mobile par rapport à un portique fixe (5), disposé au-dessus de la cuve d'électrolyse (1). Ainsi, ce cadre anodique (3) est susceptible de se translater verticalement par rapport au portique (5).As already indicated, the anode frame (3) is metallic, electrically conductive, and is movable with respect to a fixed gantry (5) disposed above the electrolytic cell (1). Thus, this anode frame (3) is capable of translating vertically with respect to the gantry (5).
On a également représenté au sein de cette figure 1, les tiges (4) des anodes (2), permettant leur fixation sur le cadre anodique (3) au moyen de connecteur (10), décrit ci-après plus en détail, munis chacun d'un axe d'articulation reçu au sein de crochets (6) fixés audit cadre anodique (3).FIG. 1 also shows the rods (4) of the anodes (2), enabling them to be fixed to the anode frame (3) by means of connector (10), described in greater detail below, each provided with a hinge pin received within hooks (6) fixed to said anode frame (3).
On a donc décrit en relation avec les figures 2 et 3 le connecteur d'anode (10) conforme à l'invention, respectivement en position de desserrage et de serrage.Thus, in connection with FIGS. 2 and 3, the anode connector (10) according to the invention, in the loosening and clamping position, has been described.
De manière connue, ce connecteur (10) comprend tout d'abord deux leviers ou mâchoires, respectivement (11) et (12), constitués chacun de deux flasques latéraux, respectivement (13, 13') et (14, 14'), ces différents flasques étant identiques entre eux.In known manner, this connector (10) comprises firstly two levers or jaws, respectively (11) and (12), each consisting of two lateral flanges, respectively (13, 13 ') and (14, 14'), these different flanges being identical to each other.
Les flasques latéraux (13, 13') respectivement (14, 14') de chacun de ces deux leviers sont reliés entre eux au moyen de deux traverses, respectivement une traverse antérieure (15, 16) et postérieure (17, 18).The lateral flanges (13, 13 ') respectively (14, 14') of each of these two levers are interconnected by means of two crosspieces, respectively an anterior cross member (15, 16) and posterior (17, 18).
Ces deux leviers (11) et (12) sont articulés entre eux par rapport à un axe (19), typiquement constitué d'une tige métallique cylindrique, faisant saillie de part et d'autre desdits leviers. Ce sont ces saillies qui sont destinées à être reçues dans les crochets (6) fixés sur le cadre anodique (3), et qui vont ainsi permettre d'une part, la réception des connecteurs, et d'autre part, d'assurer la fonction de serrage des tiges (4) des anodes contre le cadre anodique.These two levers (11) and (12) are hinged to each other with respect to an axis (19), typically consisting of a cylindrical metal rod projecting from either side of said levers. It is these projections which are intended to be received in the hooks (6) fixed on the anode frame (3), and which will thus allow on the one hand, the reception of the connectors, and on the other hand, to ensure the clamping function of the rods (4) of the anodes against the anode frame.
En zone postérieure, les traverses postérieures (17) et (18) sont munies d'un alésage (20) et (21) destiné à recevoir une vis de serrage (22) comportant deux parties colinéaires (23) et (24) qui présentent la caractéristique d'avoir un pas de vis opposé.In posterior area, the posterior crosspieces (17) and (18) are provided with a bore (20) and (21) intended to receive a clamping screw (22) comprising two collinear parts (23) and (24) which have the characteristic of having a opposite screw pitch.
Bien évidemment, les alésages (20) et (21) sont munis d'un taraudage complémentaire et correspondant à pas de vis inversé.Of course, the bores (20) and (21) are provided with a complementary thread and corresponding to inverted screw pitch.
Cette vis (22) est munie d'une tête de vis (25) en l'espèce de section sensiblement carrée, et destinée à coopérer avec un organe de serrage décrit en détail ultérieurement.This screw (22) is provided with a screw head (25) in this case of substantially square section, and intended to cooperate with a clamping member described in detail later.
Il convient de préciser en outre que les traverses (17) et (18) ne sont pas fixes, mais sont montées rotatives sur les flasques latéraux (13, 13'), respectivement (14, 14'), afin de permettre le maintien linéaire de la tige de la vis de serrage (22) lors des opérations de serrage ou de desserrage du connecteur.It should be further specified that the crosspieces (17) and (18) are not fixed, but are rotatably mounted on the side flanges (13, 13 '), respectively (14, 14'), to allow linear retention the shank of the clamping screw (22) during tightening or loosening of the connector.
Selon une caractéristique de l'invention, le connecteur (10) comporte un organe presseur (26) qui n'est pas constitué par l'extrémité antérieure des leviers ou par l'extrémité libre des traverses antérieures (15) et (16). En effet, cet organe presseur (26) est constitué de deux surfaces planes, respectivement supérieure (27) et inférieure (28), reliées entre elles par une zone de raccordement (29) venant s'entourer autour de l'axe (19), tel que l'on peut bien l'observer par exemple sur les figures 4 et 5.According to a feature of the invention, the connector (10) comprises a pressing member (26) which is not constituted by the front end of the levers or by the free end of the front cross members (15) and (16). Indeed, this pressing member (26) consists of two flat surfaces, respectively upper (27) and lower (28), interconnected by a connecting zone (29) surround around the axis (19). as can be seen in FIGS. 4 and 5, for example.
En d'autres termes, cet organe presseur présente une forme générale en Ω.In other words, this pressing member has a general shape in Ω.
Chacune des surfaces supérieure (27) et inférieure (28) sont montées sur une rotule (30) ménagée au niveau du bord libre (31) des traverses, respectivement antérieure (15) et postérieure (16). Cette rotule (30) coopère avec un profil sensiblement cylindrique (32), ménagé sur la face interne (33) desdites surfaces (27, 28).Each of the upper (27) and lower (28) surfaces are mounted on a ball (30) formed at the free edge (31) of the respective anterior (15) and posterior (16) crosspieces. This ball joint (30) cooperates with a substantially cylindrical profile (32) formed on the inner face (33) of said surfaces (27, 28).
En raison de la relative minceur des traverses antérieures (15) et (16), cette rotule (30) présente une calotte sphérique, propre à permettre auxdites surfaces planes (27) et (28) un léger débattement dans le plan horizontal et dans le plan vertical, nonobstant la portion de liaison (29).Due to the relative thinness of the anterior crosspieces (15) and (16), this ball (30) has a spherical cap, adapted to allow said flat surfaces (27) and (28) a slight deflection in the horizontal plane and in the vertical plane, notwithstanding the connecting portion (29).
De plus, au niveau de la zone postérieure de la portion de liaison (29), l'organe presseur (26) présente une ailette verticale (34) reçue dans des logements (35), (36) ménagés au sein du bord postérieur, respectivement (37, 38) des traverses antérieures (15) et (16).In addition, at the rear zone of the connecting portion (29), the pressing member (26) has a vertical fin (34) received in housings (35), (36) formed in the posterior edge, respectively (37, 38) of the front cross members (15) and (16).
Le rôle de cette ailette verticale (34) sera plus apparent ultérieurement.The role of this vertical fin (34) will be more apparent later.
Il convient cependant de souligner qu'elle présente un profil non linéaire particulier (voir figures 4 et 5), propre à lui permettre de prendre appui sur le bord postérieur (35, 36) des traverses (15, 16) et de conserver cet appui lors des opérations de serrage et de desserrage du connecteur.It should be emphasized, however, that it has a particular non-linear profile (see FIGS. 4 and 5), suitable for allowing it to rest on the posterior edge (35, 36) of the crosspieces (15, 16) and to retain this support. when tightening and loosening the connector.
On conçoit donc qu'en raison de ce mode de fixation de l'organe presseur (26), celui-ci n'est pas solidarisé de manière fixe au connecteur (10), mais présente un certain degré de débattement, certes limité par la configuration particulière décrite ci-dessus.It is therefore conceivable that because of this method of fixing the pressing member (26), it is not fixedly secured to the connector (10), but has a certain degree of deflection, although limited by the particular configuration described above.
C'est cette configuration particulière qui confère au connecteur conforme à l'invention le caractère isostatique, propre à favoriser d'une part, l'efficacité de serrage des tiges d'anodes (4) contre le cadre anodique (3), et corollairement, la connexion électrique entre ledit cadre et la tige d'anodes.It is this particular configuration which confers on the connector according to the invention the isostatic character, capable of favoring, on the one hand, the clamping efficiency of the anode rods (4) against the anode frame (3), and consequently , the electrical connection between said frame and the anode rod.
Au surplus, si dans l'exemple décrit, la surface effective des surfaces planes (27) et (28) représentent environ, en largeur, le tiers de la largeur du connecteur, il peut être envisagé d'autres types d'organes presseurs en termes de dimension, en fonction des besoins.In addition, if in the example described, the effective area of the flat surfaces (27) and (28) are approximately in width, one third of the width of the connector, it can be envisaged other types of pressing members in terms of dimension, according to the needs.
On a représenté en relation avec les figures 6 à 8, le dispositif de manutention et de serrage du connecteur conforme à l'invention.FIGS. 6 to 8 show the device for handling and clamping the connector according to the invention.
Fondamentalement, celui-ci est fixé sur une machine spécialisée associée à un pont susceptible ainsi de se déplacer au-dessus des différentes cellules d'électrolyse.Basically, it is fixed on a specialized machine associated with a bridge that can move over the various electrolysis cells.
Il fonctionne, lors des étapes de changement d'anodes en association avec un dispositif dédié à la préhension de la tige d'anodes, classiquement appelé "clef d'arrachage", fixée sur une machine porte-outils.It operates, during the anode changing steps in combination with a device dedicated to the gripping of the anode rod, conventionally called "wrench", fixed on a machine tool holder.
Selon l'invention, ce dispositif (40) comprend tout d'abord un organe de préhension du connecteur (10). Cet organe de préhension comporte tout d'abord une fourche latérale (41, 42), articulée selon un axe (43), mais dont le débattement est limité par la coopération d'un ergot (44) au sein d'un orifice de longueur limitée (45), solidarisé à la structure dudit organe de préhension. A l'extrémité opposée à l'axe (43), lesdites fourches définissent un logement (46), destiné à recevoir l'axe d'articulation (19) d'un connecteur (10).According to the invention, this device (40) firstly comprises a gripping member of the connector (10). This gripping member comprises firstly a lateral fork (41, 42) articulated along an axis (43), but whose travel is limited by the cooperation of a lug (44) within a hole of length limited (45), secured to the structure of said gripping member. At the opposite end to the axis (43), said forks define a housing (46) for receiving the hinge axis (19) of a connector (10).
L'organe de préhension comporte également un moyen de guidage (47), destiné à favoriser sa progression lors de la phase d'approche au niveau d'un connecteur en place sur les crochets (6) du cadre anodique (3). Ce moyen de guidage (47) est constitué en l'espèce d'un cylindre articulé selon l'axe (43), et muni de guides latéraux (48), l'entre axe desdits guides (48) étant légèrement supérieur à la largeur standard d'une tige (4) d'anode.The gripping member also comprises a guide means (47) intended to promote its progression during the approach phase at a connector in place on the hooks (6) of the anode frame (3). This guide means (47) consists in this case of a cylinder articulated along the axis (43), and provided with lateral guides (48), the inter-axis of said guides (48) being slightly greater than the width standard of anode rod (4).
De plus, selon une caractéristique de l'invention, l'organe de préhension comporte une griffe (49), s'étendant sensiblement selon la même direction que la dimension principale des fourches (41, 42), mais en retrait par rapport à celles-ci. Cette griffe (49) est munie d'un ergot (50) destiné, ainsi qu'il sera décrit ultérieurement, à coopérer avec l'organe presseur (26) du connecteur (10), et plus particulièrement avec l'ailette verticale (34).In addition, according to a feature of the invention, the gripping member comprises a claw (49), extending substantially in the same direction as the main dimension of the forks (41, 42), but set back from those -this. This claw (49) is provided with a lug (50) intended, as will be described later, to cooperate with the pressing member (26) of the connector (10), and more particularly with the vertical fin (34). ).
L'organe de préhension comporte enfin des butées élastiques (51) et (52), associées à des ressorts à boudins, destinées à venir prendre appui sur les traverses postérieures (17) et (18) d'un connecteur (10), afin de permettre le désengagement de l'ergot (50) de la griffe (49) hors de l'organe presseur dudit connecteur, lorsque ce dernier est en position de serrage, ainsi que là encore, il sera décrit ultérieurement.The gripping member finally comprises elastic stops (51) and (52), associated with coil springs, intended to bear on the posterior crosspieces (17) and (18) of a connector (10), so as to to allow the disengagement of the lug (50) of the claw (49) from the pressure member of said connector, when the latter is in the clamping position, and again, it will be described later.
Le dispositif conforme à l'invention comporte également une clef de serrage (53) actionnée classiquement par un moteur hydraulique, mais aussi parfois par un moteur pneumatique, voire électrique, et destinée à coopérer avec la tête (25) de la vis de serrage (22) du connecteur (10).The device according to the invention also comprises a clamping wrench (53) actuated conventionally by a hydraulic motor, but also sometimes by a pneumatic or even electric motor, and intended to cooperate with the head (25) of the clamping screw ( 22) of the connector (10).
Les dimensions respectives de la griffe (49), des fourches (41, 42), et la localisation de la clef de serrage (53) sont bien évidemment déterminées en fonction des dimensions du connecteur et de son débattement potentiel.The respective dimensions of the claw (49), the forks (41, 42), and the location of the clamping wrench (53) are obviously determined according to the dimensions of the connector and its potential travel.
On a représenté en relation avec les figures 9 et 10 les positions respectives du dispositif de préemption et de serrage conforme à l'invention en coopération avec un connecteur de l'invention respectivement en position de levage et de serrage.FIGS. 9 and 10 show the respective positions of the pre-emption and clamping device according to the invention in cooperation with a connector of the invention respectively in the lifting and clamping position.
Lorsque le dispositif en question descend pour venir prendre en charge un tel connecteur, il vient en appui contre la tige d'anode (4) considérée, guidé en cela par le moyen de guidage cylindrique (47, 48).When the device in question descends to take over such a connector, it bears against the anode rod (4) considered, guided thereby by the cylindrical guide means (47, 48).
Lorsque de la descente des logements (46) des fourches (41, 42) en direction de l'axe (19) du connecteur (10), la griffe (49) est conformée de telle sorte qu'elle vient en appui contre l'ailette postérieure verticale (34) de l'organe presseur (26) du connecteur, jusqu'à passer sous l'extrémité inférieure (55) de l'ailette en question afin de prendre en charge cette extrémité inférieure par l'ergot (50). La clef de serrage (51) est actionnée, induisant le desserrage du connecteur qui ne peut être lâché en raison de la coopération de l'ergot (50) avec l'extrémité inférieure de l'ailette (34) d'une part, et celle des logements (46) des fourches (41, 42) avec l'axe d'articulation (19).When descent of the housings (46) of the forks (41, 42) in the direction of the axis (19) of the connector (10), the claw (49) is shaped so that it bears against the vertical rear wing (34) of the pressure member (26) of the connector, to pass under the lower end (55) of the wing in question to support this lower end by the lug (50) . The clamping wrench (51) is actuated, inducing the loosening of the connector which can not be released due to the cooperation of the lug (50) with the lower end of the fin (34) on the one hand, and that of the housings (46) of the forks (41, 42) with the hinge axis (19).
Le connecteur en question est alors parfaitement pris en charge par cette double coopération, annihilant de fait tout risque de chute dudit connecteur.The connector in question is then perfectly supported by this double cooperation, annihilating in fact any risk of falling of said connector.
Lorsqu'en revanche on vient redéposer le connecteur (10) dans les crochets de fixation (6) du cadre anodique (3), une fois l'axe (19) du connecteur dans les crochets (6), il est nécessaire de lutter contre la propension structurelle de la griffe (49) à s'orienter de telle sorte à prendre en charge de manières systématique l'extrémité inférieure (55) de l'ailette (34), conduisant à la sûreté du dispositif.When on the other hand we just redeposit the connector (10) in the fastening hooks (6) of the anode frame (3), once the axis (19) of the connector in the hooks (6), it is necessary to fight against the structural propensity of the claw (49) to orient itself so as to systematically handle the lower end (55) of the fin (34), leading to the safety of the device.
A cet effet, les butées ressorts (51, 52) viennent prendre appui de part et d'autre de la tête ou douille de serrage (25) de la vis de serrage (22) sur la traverse postérieure (17). Ainsi, aussi longtemps qu'un nombre de tours de serrage suffisant, trois en l'espèce, n'est pas réalisé, les butées ressorts (51, 52) ne prennent pas appui sur ladite traverse postérieure ou n'exerce pas de contre réaction suffisante pour induire le basculement de la griffe (49) par rapport à son axe d'articulation, (43), et donc corollairement son désengagement de l'extrémité inférieure (55) de la l'ailette verticale (34) de l'organe presseur (26) du connecteur en question, et ainsi sa libération.For this purpose, the spring stops (51, 52) are supported on either side of the head or clamping sleeve (25) of the clamping screw (22) on the rear crossmember (17). Thus, as long as a sufficient number of tightening turns, three in this case, is not achieved, the spring stops (51, 52) do not rest on said rear cross member or exert a counter-reaction sufficient to induce tilting of the claw (49) with respect to its axis of articulation, (43), and therefore corollary its disengagement from the lower end (55) of the vertical vane (34) of the organ presser (26) of the connector in question, and thus its release.
En revanche, une fois que le serrage du connecteur est suffisant, et partant, que la traverse postérieure (17) est suffisamment remontée, elle exerce une force sur lesdites butées, et corollairement le basculement de la griffe (49).However, once the clamping of the connector is sufficient, and therefore, that the posterior cross member (17) is sufficiently raised, it exerts a force on said stops, and corollary the tilting of the claw (49).
On conçoit qu'en raison de la structure particulière de ce dispositif de préhension et de serrage, le connecteur ne peut être lâché par accident ou par inadvertance tant qu'il n'a pas été serré au niveau des crochets (6) contre la tige d'anode (4) considérée, garantissant en cela une sécurité accrue lors des opérations de changement d'anodes.It is conceivable that because of the particular structure of this gripping and clamping device, the connector can not be dropped accidentally or inadvertently until it has been tightened at the hooks (6) against the rod. anode (4) considered, thereby ensuring increased security during anode change operations.
On a représenté en relation avec les figures 11A à 11F, les différentes étapes pour procéder à un tel changement d'anodes.
- Figure 11A:
- La clef d'arrachage (56), dont est munie l'installation de production d'aluminium est en place au niveau de l'extrémité supérieure libre de la tige d'anode (4) et soutient l'anode en question par des moyens de clipsage ou de maintien appropriés, en prévision du desserrage du connecteur. Celui-ci est en position de serrage.
- Figure 11B :
- Le dispositif de préhension et de serrage du connecteur est descendu le long de la tige d'anode, guidé en cela comme déjà indiqué précédemment par le moyen de guidage cylindrique (47, 48). Corollairement, la griffe (49, 50) glisse en appui contre l'ailette postérieure (34) de l'organe de serrage (26) dont est muni ledit connecteur.
- Figure 11C :
- La descente du dispositif en question stoppe lorsque les fourches latérales (41, 42) viennent en contact avec l'axe (19) du connecteur reçu dans les crochets (6). Corollairement, la clef de serrage (53) est en position opérationnelle au niveau de la tête (25) de la vis de serrage (22). Lors des premiers tours de desserrage, la griffe bascule sous l'extrémité inférieure (55) de l'ailette (34) et permet la coopération avec l'ergot (50) (figure 11D) lors de la remontée du dispositif.
- Figure 11E :
- Concomitamment avec le desserrage du connecteur, l'axe (19) contraint dans les crochets (6) se libère, et comme au demeurant le dispositif exerce une pression en direction de la tige d'anodes, il permet le dégagement de l'axe (19) hors du logement des crochets (6) et permet ainsi l'action de levage pour la mise en position « parking » du connecteur. La griffe (49, 50) se met en position d'accroche sur l'ailette verticale (34) de l'organe presseur (26) dudit connecteur.
- Figure 11A:
- The wrench (56), which is provided with the aluminum production plant is in place at the free upper end of the anode rod (4) and supports the anode in question by means clipping or holding, in anticipation of loosening the connector. This is in the tightening position.
- Figure 11B:
- The gripping and clamping device of the connector is lowered along the anode rod, guided thereby as already indicated previously by the cylindrical guide means (47, 48). As a corollary, the claw (49, 50) slides bearing against the rear fin (34) of the clamping member (26) which is provided with said connector.
- Figure 11C:
- The descent of the device in question stops when the lateral forks (41, 42) come into contact with the axis (19) of the connector received in the hooks (6). As a corollary, the clamping wrench (53) is in operative position at the head (25) of the clamping screw (22). During the first loosening laps, the claw tilts under the lower end (55) of the fin (34) and allows cooperation with the lug (50) (Figure 11D) during the ascent of the device.
- Figure 11E:
- Concomitant with the loosening of the connector, the axis (19) constrained in the hooks (6) is released, and as the device exerts a pressure towards the anode rod, it allows the release of the axis ( 19) out of the housing of the hooks (6) and thus allows the lifting action for the setting "parking" position of the connector. The claw (49, 50) is in the catching position on the vertical fin (34) of the pressing member (26) of said connector.
On conçoit tout l'intérêt du connecteur et du dispositif de manutention et de serrage de l'invention.It is conceivable all the interest of the connector and the handling and clamping device of the invention.
En premier lieu, il convient d'insister une nouvelle fois sur l'optimisation de la capacité de serrage d'un tel connecteur sur une tige d'anode contre le cadre anodique.In the first place, it is necessary to insist once more on the optimization of the clamping capacity of such a connector on an anode rod against the anode frame.
En effet, en raison du caractère isostatique de l'organe presseur (26), on n'affecte plus les tiges d'anodes proprement dites, ni les déformations, ni les rayures, et d'autre part, on assure un serrage mécanique plus important. Au surplus, la conduction électrique s'en trouve améliorée.Indeed, because of the isostatic nature of the pressing member (26), no longer affects the actual anode rods, deformations or scratches, and secondly, it ensures a mechanical tightening more important. In addition, electrical conduction is improved.
En effet, les études réalisées ont démontré un gain pour une tige d'anodes classique de en termes de chute de tension de 10 à 20 % pour un couple de serrage identique sur un conducteur non isostatique.Indeed, the studies carried out have demonstrated a gain for a conventional anode rod in terms of voltage drop of 10 to 20% for an identical tightening torque on a non-isostatic conductor.
En outre, il convient de souligner le caractère sécuritaire de ce dispositif.In addition, the safety of this device should be emphasized.
Claims (11)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0652519A FR2902443B1 (en) | 2006-06-14 | 2006-06-14 | CONNECTOR FOR THE MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL CONNECTION OF AN ANODIC FRAME ANODE OF AN ALUMINUM PRODUCTION CELL AND DEVICE FOR PREVENTING AND TIGHTENING / LOOSENING SUCH A CONNECTOR |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1876265A2 true EP1876265A2 (en) | 2008-01-09 |
EP1876265A3 EP1876265A3 (en) | 2008-12-24 |
EP1876265B1 EP1876265B1 (en) | 2013-06-12 |
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ID=37656483
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP20070301005 Active EP1876265B1 (en) | 2006-06-14 | 2007-04-27 | Connector for mechanical and electrical connection of an anode to the anodic frame of an aluminium production cell and device for grasping and tightening/loosening such a connector |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1876265B1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2424864T3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2902443B1 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2439208C2 (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2012032234A1 (en) * | 2010-09-08 | 2012-03-15 | E.C.L. | Handling tool, for secure handling of connectors of electrolysis cells intended for aluminium production |
FR2989693A1 (en) * | 2012-04-24 | 2013-10-25 | Rio Tinto Alcan Int Ltd | PREHEATING CONNECTOR |
CN106929879A (en) * | 2017-02-19 | 2017-07-07 | 周俊和 | The method that prebaked anode aluminium electroloysis steel pawl aluminum guide leads power-off |
FR3050462A1 (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2017-10-27 | Nkm Noell Special Cranes Gmbh | CONNECTOR FOR THE MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL CONNECTION OF ANODE TO THE ANODIC FRAMEWORK OF AN ALUMINUM PRODUCTION CELL |
CN109317824A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-02-12 | 重庆旗能电铝有限公司 | A kind of aluminum guide quick positioning system for novel aluminum guide laser cleaning machine |
CN109763144A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-05-17 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | One kind being based on continuous anode aluminium electroloysis device and method |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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RU170206U1 (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2017-04-18 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Объединенная Компания РУСАЛ Инженерно-технологический центр" | ELECTROLYZER CONTACT CLAMP WITH BURNED ANODES |
EP4079939A1 (en) | 2021-04-22 | 2022-10-26 | Reel GmbH | Anode clip and securing assembly |
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EP0584024A1 (en) | 1992-08-20 | 1994-02-23 | Aluminium Pechiney | Superstructure for high intensity electrolytic vat used in the production of aluminium |
FR2854906A1 (en) | 2003-05-12 | 2004-11-19 | Ecl | Handling component for the anode connector of an electrolysis cell for the production of aluminum by igneous electrolysis |
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US3484856A (en) * | 1966-07-21 | 1969-12-16 | Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp | Anode adjusting apparatus |
ES1052666Y (en) * | 2002-08-13 | 2003-05-01 | Ocamica Hermanos Sa | PERFECTED TIGHTENING SCREW. |
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- 2006-06-14 FR FR0652519A patent/FR2902443B1/en active Active
-
2007
- 2007-04-27 ES ES07301005T patent/ES2424864T3/en active Active
- 2007-04-27 EP EP20070301005 patent/EP1876265B1/en active Active
- 2007-06-13 RU RU2007123527/02A patent/RU2439208C2/en active
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP0584024A1 (en) | 1992-08-20 | 1994-02-23 | Aluminium Pechiney | Superstructure for high intensity electrolytic vat used in the production of aluminium |
FR2854906A1 (en) | 2003-05-12 | 2004-11-19 | Ecl | Handling component for the anode connector of an electrolysis cell for the production of aluminum by igneous electrolysis |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2012032234A1 (en) * | 2010-09-08 | 2012-03-15 | E.C.L. | Handling tool, for secure handling of connectors of electrolysis cells intended for aluminium production |
AU2011300604B2 (en) * | 2010-09-08 | 2014-03-06 | E.C.L. | Handling tool, for secure handling of connectors of electrolysis cells intended for aluminium production |
US8888156B2 (en) | 2010-09-08 | 2014-11-18 | E.C.L. | Handling tool, for secure handling of connectors of electrolysis cells intended for aluminium production |
RU2587103C2 (en) * | 2010-09-08 | 2016-06-10 | Э.С.Л. | Member for reliable movement of connectors of electrolytic cells designed for production of aluminium |
FR2989693A1 (en) * | 2012-04-24 | 2013-10-25 | Rio Tinto Alcan Int Ltd | PREHEATING CONNECTOR |
WO2013159218A1 (en) * | 2012-04-24 | 2013-10-31 | Rio Tinto Alcan International Limited | Preheating connector |
EP2841626A4 (en) * | 2012-04-24 | 2016-01-27 | Rio Tinto Alcan Int Ltd | Preheating connector |
FR3050462A1 (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2017-10-27 | Nkm Noell Special Cranes Gmbh | CONNECTOR FOR THE MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL CONNECTION OF ANODE TO THE ANODIC FRAMEWORK OF AN ALUMINUM PRODUCTION CELL |
CN106929879A (en) * | 2017-02-19 | 2017-07-07 | 周俊和 | The method that prebaked anode aluminium electroloysis steel pawl aluminum guide leads power-off |
CN109317824A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-02-12 | 重庆旗能电铝有限公司 | A kind of aluminum guide quick positioning system for novel aluminum guide laser cleaning machine |
CN109317824B (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2023-10-10 | 重庆旗能电铝有限公司 | Quick aluminum guide rod positioning system for aluminum guide rod laser cleaning machine |
CN109763144A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-05-17 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | One kind being based on continuous anode aluminium electroloysis device and method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2424864T3 (en) | 2013-10-09 |
FR2902443A1 (en) | 2007-12-21 |
EP1876265B1 (en) | 2013-06-12 |
FR2902443B1 (en) | 2008-08-22 |
EP1876265A3 (en) | 2008-12-24 |
RU2439208C2 (en) | 2012-01-10 |
RU2007123527A (en) | 2008-12-20 |
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