EP1850641B1 - Beverage heating method and microwave oven capable of implementing the method - Google Patents
Beverage heating method and microwave oven capable of implementing the method Download PDFInfo
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- EP1850641B1 EP1850641B1 EP07290507A EP07290507A EP1850641B1 EP 1850641 B1 EP1850641 B1 EP 1850641B1 EP 07290507 A EP07290507 A EP 07290507A EP 07290507 A EP07290507 A EP 07290507A EP 1850641 B1 EP1850641 B1 EP 1850641B1
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- absolute humidity
- drink
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- evolution
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
- H05B6/80—Apparatus for specific applications
- H05B6/802—Apparatus for specific applications for heating fluids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
- H05B6/6447—Method of operation or details of the microwave heating apparatus related to the use of detectors or sensors
- H05B6/6458—Method of operation or details of the microwave heating apparatus related to the use of detectors or sensors using humidity or vapor sensors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of heating a beverage in a cavity of a microwave oven.
- the present invention relates to the field of reheating liquid in a microwave oven.
- the invention aims in particular the reheating of drinks such as water, tea, coffee, chocolate, milk ...
- Microwave ovens offer beverage heating functions. However, these functions are not automatic.
- the reheating of a beverage is generally controlled by a timer, the duration of which can be dependent on a quantity of beverage to be heated selected by the user and which requires on the part of the latter a certain number of operations (for example, indicating the amount of beverage to be heated), or independent of the amount of beverage (average duration for a set of cases) and involving a high variability in the temperature of the liquid.
- the document EP 0 701 387 describes a method of cooking or reheating a food based on moisture measurements.
- a neural network estimates the cooking or warming time according to a trajectory in time of these humidity measurements.
- the present invention provides a method of heating beverage for optimally heating a beverage without having to introduce information on the volume of the beverage to be heated.
- the heating method makes it possible to detect an optimum switching off time of the microwave generator, corresponding to a predetermined temperature of the beverage, by monitoring an absolute humidity measurement in the oven cavity, by comparing couples of variation of absolute humidity and associated duration.
- the Applicant has indeed found that the evolution of the absolute humidity in the oven cavity responds to a particular evolution curve, depending on a certain number of parameters related to the beverage, the volume of beverage and the container ( form, volume, power absorbed) and that the Optimum consumption temperature of the drink is always reached for the same limit value associated with this evolution curve of the absolute humidity.
- the prerecorded time periods correspond to a temperature increase of the beverage of about 65 ° C. to 75 ° C.
- the time period of the evolution curve identified corresponds to a temperature increase of about 65 ° C to 75 ° C.
- the comparison of the measured absolute humidity with pre-recorded values of absolute humidity is thus carried out during the heating of the beverage, over a period when the absolute humidity varies greatly, thus making it possible to identify at best a set of pre-recorded models. of evolution, that corresponding to the evolution of the measured absolute humidity.
- the heating method comprises a step of validating said evolution curve identified by comparing the absolute humidity values measured with the pre-recorded values of the absolute humidity of said identified evolution curve.
- This second criterion makes it possible to verify that the evolution curve identified corresponds to the best evolution curve among the set of prerecorded evolution curves, ie the curve of evolution presenting the least amount of evolution. deviation from the measurement made since the beginning of the detection period.
- the heating method comprises a step of stopping the microwave generator when the absolute humidity measured is greater than or equal to a safety threshold value.
- this safety threshold value corresponds to the maximum value of the limit values associated with the prerecorded evolution curves.
- the heating method thus makes it possible to indicate to the user a time remaining to obtain the heating of the beverage at a consumption temperature.
- the remaining time is here displayed as an indication for the user, the determination of the end of the process of heating the beverage being performed directly by comparing the measured absolute humidity value and a detected limit value in association with the identified evolution curve.
- the limit value of the absolute humidity corresponds to a predetermined temperature of the beverage substantially equal to 75 ° C, thus corresponding to an ideal temperature of consumption of a hot drink.
- the pre-recorded curves for changing the absolute humidity are predefined according to parameters chosen from the mass of the beverage, the power absorbed by the beverage, the apparent surface of the beverage in a container and the distance separating the surface. of the drink and an edge of the container.
- the heating process automatically heats a beverage or a liquid up to an optimum consumption temperature, without the user having to enter information about the type. or the number of containers and the volume to be heated.
- a microwave oven comprising a cavity, a microwave generator, an absolute humidity sensor adapted to measure the absolute humidity present in the cavity of the microwave oven. waves, and a microprocessor.
- the microprocessor includes a processing algorithm adapted to turn on a microwave generator at a predefined power; comparing the measured absolute humidity (d ⁇ H) associated with a period of time (dt) with pre-recorded changes in absolute humidity associated respectively with pre-recorded time periods; to identify, among a set of pre-recorded evolution curves over time of absolute humidity, an evolution curve when the variation of the measured absolute humidity (d ⁇ H) associated with a period of time (dt) corresponds to the variation absolute humidity associated with the time period of the evolution curve; and stopping the microwave generator when the measured absolute humidity ( ⁇ H) reaches a limit value associated with the identified evolution curve and corresponding to a predetermined temperature reached by the drink.
- This microwave oven has features and advantages similar to those previously described in connection with the heating process.
- this microwave oven includes a control button for reheating a beverage, to obtain the start of the reheating process by actuating a single key by a user.
- the microwave oven comprises in particular at least one nonvolatile memory adapted to store curves of evolution over time of the absolute humidity.
- this microwave oven includes all the elements necessary for operation, including a microwave generator.
- the oven 10 conventionally comprises a cavity 11 forming a cooking chamber in which are placed food to be heated in the microwave oven.
- the cooking chamber 11 In order to homogenize the heating by the waves in the cooking chamber 11, it generally comprises a turntable 12 rotatably mounted on the hearth of the oven.
- a door 13 On the front of the oven, a door 13 allows the user to introduce food into the cavity 11 for reheating.
- a control panel 14 disposed on the facade also allows the user to program and set various operating parameters of the microwave oven.
- control panel 14 comprises in particular a control key 15, called a reheat control knob of a beverage 15 and adapted to control the implementation of the specific reheating process that will to be described later.
- the microwave oven comprises a humidity sensor 16.
- the humidity sensor 16 is placed in the upper part of the microwave oven 10, between the upper wall 11a of the cavity 11 and an upper wall 10a of the oven body 10.
- a microwave oven comprises a ventilation system (not shown) adapted to extract air and steam from the cavity 11 of the oven to prevent the condensation of water vapor on the walls of the cavity 11.
- the humidity sensor 16 is preferably placed in a space forming a duct for evacuating the air extracted from the cavity 11.
- This humidity sensor thus makes it possible to measure the absolute humidity present in the cavity of the microwave oven, through the air extracted from the cavity 11 during the heating of a food, this circulating air in contact with the humidity sensor 16.
- the humidity sensor may consist for example of a pair of identical thermistors.
- One of the thermistors is placed in a housing including small openings to allow contact of the thermistor with the air surrounding the sensor 16.
- the second thermistor is placed in an airtight case.
- the difference in response of the two thermistors makes it possible to follow the evolution of the humidity in the air coming from the cavity 11.
- the measured absolute humidity actually represents the difference between the absolute humidity in the cavity and that of the outside air.
- the voltage difference ⁇ V is measured at the terminals of the sensor 16 which is directly representative of the measured absolute humidity ⁇ H.
- the absolute humidity measured by the sensor is zero when the air in the oven cavity is identical to the ambient air.
- This absolute humidity sensor 16 is connected to an electronic control board 18 of the microwave oven, for controlling the operation of the oven, and in particular the startup and shutdown of the microwave generator.
- This electronic card 18 comprises in known manner a microprocessor allowing from the signals transmitted by the humidity sensor 16 and a specific processing algorithm which will be described below, to control the heating of a food in the oven microwave 10.
- the electronic control board also has a non-volatile memory adapted to store curves of evolution over time of the absolute humidity.
- the heating method according to the invention allows from the measurement of the absolute humidity in the cavity during the reheating of a beverage, and in particular its variation over time, of identify an absolute humidity evolution curve among a set of pre-recorded absolute humidity evolution curves corresponding to a certain number of beverage reheating cases.
- the Applicant has found that the evolution of the absolute humidity in the cavity during the reheating of a beverage placed in a container depended on a certain number of parameters, and in particular on the mass M of the beverage, the power absorbed by the beverage, the apparent surface of the beverage in a container and the distance between the surface of the beverage and an edge of the container.
- Absolute humidity evolution curves can thus be predefined as a function of the variation of these different parameters.
- a method for predefining these evolution curves of the absolute humidity consists in experimentally making various measurements of the evolution of the absolute humidity in the cavity for different specific cases of beverage to be heated.
- the type and the number of containers can be variable.
- the type of container can be selected from a small cup, a large cup, a mug, bowls of different types.
- the number of containers can also be variable and between 1 and 4.
- the mass M of the beverage to be heated may vary for example between 60 ml and 1000 ml.
- the apparent surface area of the beverage also varies according to the amount of beverage introduced into a type of container, and the shape of it. This apparent surface s generally varies between 2.10 -3 m 2 and 15.10 -3 m 2.
- the distance between the surface of the beverage and the edge of the container varies depending on the volume of beverage introduced into a particular container.
- This distance l can be typically between 0 mm and 100 mm.
- the moisture evolution curves can thus be determined experimentally by varying these different parameters and by observing the temperature of the heated liquid in order to obtain curves of evolution of the humidity over time during the heating of a drink. between substantially 20 ° C and about 75 ° C.
- each container is placed in the cavity 11 of an experimental furnace, similar to that described above with reference to the figure 1 , and the microwave generator is operated at a predefined power.
- the Figures 3A and 3B thus illustrate the evolution of the absolute humidity for different containers and different loads, the beverage having an initial temperature of the order of 20 ° C.
- these evolution curves of the absolute humidity correspond to the voltage difference ⁇ V measured at the output of the humidity sensor 16 and to its evolution over time.
- figure 3B illustrates the evolution of absolute humidity for larger containers, for which the evolution of humidity over time is slower.
- the different values of the moisture evolution curves could be precalculated using a calculation model.
- the parameters specific to the microwave oven are involved in the evolution of the measured humidity so that the curves of evolution humidity are predefined for a microwave oven of predetermined characteristics.
- moisture evolution curves must be predefined and prerecorded.
- the user introduces into the cavity 11 of the microwave oven 10 any beverage contained in one or more containers.
- This action makes it possible, by acquiring a control for reheating a beverage thus transmitted to the control electronic board or the microprocessor, to initialise the process for heating the beverage and, in particular, to trigger the start-up of the generator. microwave.
- the microwave generator has a predefined power, corresponding to the power used in the definition of all the prerecorded evolution curves.
- this predefined power corresponds to the maximum operating power of the generator integrated in the microwave oven 10 adapted to implement the method of heating a beverage according to the invention.
- the maximum power of the microwave generator may be equal to 1000 W.
- the humidity sensor is adapted to measure the absolute humidity in the cavity of the microwave oven, by means of the air extracted from the cavity 11.
- the output value of this sensor that is to say the difference in voltage measured between the two thermistors, is addressed and stored at the microprocessor of the electronic control card 18.
- a step of comparing the absolute humidity measured with prerecorded values of absolute humidity is then implemented.
- this limit value corresponds to a prefixed temperature of the beverage substantially equal to 75 ° C, which corresponds to an ideal temperature of consumption for most drinks.
- the variation of the measured absolute humidity d ( ⁇ H) associated with a period of time dt and this pair of values (d ( ⁇ H), dt) is compared with pre-recorded variations of absolute humidity associated respectively with pre-recorded time periods corresponding to a temperature increase of the beverage of 65 ° C. at about 75 ° C.
- the heating method further comprises a step of validating this evolution curve identified by comparing the humidity values. absolute measured ⁇ H with the pre-recorded values of the absolute humidity of the identified evolution curve.
- This second criterion makes it possible to validate the choice of the evolution curve identified among the set of pre-recorded curves.
- the microwave generator is stopped when the measured absolute humidity corresponds to the expected limit value and corresponding to a temperature of 75 ° C. reached by the drink to warm up.
- An audible or visual signal may indicate to the user the end of the reheating process.
- This new time base t * as illustrated in figure 5 thus makes it possible to verify that the measured values of absolute humidity since the start of reheating correspond to the prerecorded values of the evolution curve identified in order to validate the identification of this curve. This validation will be performed for t * ranging from 0 to t 75 ° C.
- the detection period during which it is possible to compare the measured absolute humidity values with the pre-recorded absolute humidity values does not not start at the start of the microwave generator but well beyond the starting temperature of the liquid to be heated.
- the microwave generator is stopped automatically.
- the microwave generator In practice, if the absolute humidity measured is greater than or equal to a safety threshold value, the microwave generator is automatically stopped.
- This safety threshold value corresponds to the maximum value of the limit values associated with the pre-recorded evolution curves, and here, to the highest pre-recorded value of absolute humidity corresponding to a drinking temperature equal to 75 ° C.
- the automatic shutdown of the generator makes it possible to safely stop the operation of the microwave oven in the event of an anomaly in the measurement or monitoring of the absolute humidity.
- the processing algorithm is adapted to calculate the remaining heating time of the beverage, for example for its display at the control panel of the oven.
- the heating method is adapted to detect the absolute humidity limit value associated with the identified evolution curve.
- this absolute humidity limit value comprises substantially at the instant when the beverage is at a temperature of the order of 75 ° C.
- the algorithm is adapted to calculate the remaining duration of heating, that is to say the necessary duration so that the absolute humidity measured in the cavity changes from the current value to the limit value of absolute humidity associated with the evolution curve identified.
- This calculated remaining time can thus be displayed, for example in seconds, on a conventional display and counted second after second until the end of the reheating process.
- the only action of the user is to place the container containing the beverage in the oven and to press a dedicated button adapted to trigger the heating process according to the invention.
- the container and the amount of liquid to be heated can be very variable.
- the temperature range between 20 ° and 75 ° C for the predefining models of absolute humidity evolution and detection can be changed.
- the final temperature corresponding to an ideal consumption temperature and here described as substantially equal to 75 ° C can be varied and between 60 and 100 ° C.
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- Electromagnetism (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne un procédé de chauffage d'une boisson dans une cavité d'un four à micro-ondes.The present invention relates to a method of heating a beverage in a cavity of a microwave oven.
Elle concerne également un four à micro-ondes adapté à mettre en oeuvre ce procédé.It also relates to a microwave oven adapted to implement this method.
De manière générale, la présente invention concerne le domaine de réchauffage de liquide dans un four à micro-ondes.In general, the present invention relates to the field of reheating liquid in a microwave oven.
L'invention vise en particulier le réchauffage de boissons comme l'eau, le thé, le café, le chocolat, le lait...The invention aims in particular the reheating of drinks such as water, tea, coffee, chocolate, milk ...
Lors du réchauffage d'une certaine quantité de boisson dans un four à micro-ondes, celui-ci doit permettre d'atteindre une température correcte de consommation.When reheating a certain quantity of beverage in a microwave oven, it must be possible to reach a correct consumption temperature.
Des fours à micro-ondes proposent des fonctions de réchauffage de boissons. Toutefois, ces fonctions ne sont pas automatiques.Microwave ovens offer beverage heating functions. However, these functions are not automatic.
En particulier, le réchauffage d'une boisson est généralement contrôlé par une minuterie, dont la durée peut être dépendante d'une quantité de boisson à réchauffer sélectionnée par l'utilisateur et qui requiert de la part de celui-ci un certain nombre d'opérations (par exemple, l'indication de la quantité de boisson à réchauffer), ou indépendante de la quantité de boisson (durée moyenne pour un ensemble de cas) et impliquant une forte variabilité de la température du liquide.In particular, the reheating of a beverage is generally controlled by a timer, the duration of which can be dependent on a quantity of beverage to be heated selected by the user and which requires on the part of the latter a certain number of operations (for example, indicating the amount of beverage to be heated), or independent of the amount of beverage (average duration for a set of cases) and involving a high variability in the temperature of the liquid.
Le document
La présente invention propose un procédé de chauffage de boisson permettant de chauffer de façon optimale une boisson sans avoir à introduire une information sur le volume de la boisson à chauffer.The present invention provides a method of heating beverage for optimally heating a beverage without having to introduce information on the volume of the beverage to be heated.
A cet effet, la présente invention vise un procédé de chauffage d'une boisson dans une cavité d'un four à micro-ondes, comprenant les étapes suivantes :
- mise en route d'un générateur de micro-ondes à une puissance prédéfinie ;
- mesure de l'humidité absolue dans la cavité du four à micro-ondes.
- starting a microwave generator at a predefined power;
- measuring the absolute humidity in the cavity of the microwave oven.
Il comprend en outre les étapes suivantes :
- comparaison d'une variation d'humidité absolue mesurée (d ΔH) associée à une période de temps (dt) à des variations préenregistrées d'humidité absolue associées respectivement à des périodes de temps préenregistrées ;
- identification parmi un ensemble de courbes d'évolution préenregistrées dans le temps d'une humidité absolue d'une courbe d'évolution lorsque la variation de l'humidité absolue mesurée (d ΔH) associée à une période de temps (dt) correspond à la variation d'humidité absolue associée à la période de temps de la courbe d'évolution ; et
- arrêt du générateur de micro-ondes lorsque l'humidité absolue mesurée (ΔH) atteint une valeur limite associée à la courbe d'évolution identifiée et correspondant à une température préfixée atteinte par la boisson.
- comparing a measured absolute humidity variation (dΔH) associated with a period of time (dt) with pre-recorded changes in absolute humidity associated respectively with pre-recorded time periods;
- identification among a set of pre-recorded evolution curves over time of an absolute humidity of an evolution curve when the variation of the measured absolute humidity (dΔH) associated with a period of time (dt) corresponds to the absolute humidity variation associated with the time period of the evolution curve; and
- stopping the microwave generator when the measured absolute humidity (ΔH) reaches a limit value associated with the identified evolution curve and corresponding to a predetermined temperature reached by the drink.
Ainsi, le procédé de chauffage permet de détecter un instant de coupure optimal du générateur de micro-ondes, correspondant à une température prédéterminée de la boisson, par le suivi d'une mesure d'humidité absolue dans la cavité du four, en comparant des couples de variation d'humidité absolue et de durée associée.Thus, the heating method makes it possible to detect an optimum switching off time of the microwave generator, corresponding to a predetermined temperature of the beverage, by monitoring an absolute humidity measurement in the oven cavity, by comparing couples of variation of absolute humidity and associated duration.
Par conséquent, il est possible de s'affranchir de problèmes de similitude des différentes courbes d'évolution, notamment en début de chauffage.Consequently, it is possible to overcome problems of similarity of the different evolution curves, especially at the beginning of heating.
La Demanderesse a en effet constaté que l'évolution de l'humidité absolue dans la cavité du four répond à une courbe d'évolution particulière, dépendant d'un certain nombre de paramètres liés à la boisson, au volume de boisson et au contenant (forme, volume, puissance absorbée) et que la température optimale de consommation de la boisson est toujours atteinte pour une même valeur limite associée à cette courbe d'évolution de l'humidité absolue.The Applicant has indeed found that the evolution of the absolute humidity in the oven cavity responds to a particular evolution curve, depending on a certain number of parameters related to the beverage, the volume of beverage and the container ( form, volume, power absorbed) and that the Optimum consumption temperature of the drink is always reached for the same limit value associated with this evolution curve of the absolute humidity.
Selon un mode de réalisation avantageux de l'invention, à l'étape de comparaison, les périodes de temps préenregistrées correspondent à une augmentation de température de la boisson de 65°C à 75°C environ, et à l'étape d'identification, la période de temps de la courbe d'évolution identifiée correspond à une augmentation de température de 65°C à 75°C environ.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, in the comparison step, the prerecorded time periods correspond to a temperature increase of the beverage of about 65 ° C. to 75 ° C., and to the identification step. the time period of the evolution curve identified corresponds to a temperature increase of about 65 ° C to 75 ° C.
En effet, en comparant la variation d'humidité lors de l'augmentation de la température de la boisson de 65°C à 75°C, on utilise une plage d'évolution de l'humidité dans laquelle la discrimination des différentes courbes d'évolution est beaucoup plus facile à réaliser.Indeed, by comparing the variation of humidity during the increase of the temperature of the drink from 65 ° C to 75 ° C, one uses a range of evolution of the humidity in which the discrimination of the various curves of evolution is much easier to achieve.
La comparaison de l'humidité absolue mesurée avec des valeurs préenregistrées d'humidité absolue est ainsi réalisée pendant le chauffage de la boisson, sur une période où l'humidité absolue varie fortement, permettant ainsi au mieux d'identifier parmi un ensemble de modèles préenregistrés d'évolution, celui correspondant à l'évolution de l'humidité absolue mesurée.The comparison of the measured absolute humidity with pre-recorded values of absolute humidity is thus carried out during the heating of the beverage, over a period when the absolute humidity varies greatly, thus making it possible to identify at best a set of pre-recorded models. of evolution, that corresponding to the evolution of the measured absolute humidity.
De préférence, après l'étape d'identification d'une courbe d'évolution, le procédé de chauffage comprend une étape de validation de ladite courbe d'évolution identifiée par comparaison des valeurs d'humidité absolue mesurées avec les valeurs préenregistrées de l'humidité absolue de ladite courbe d'évolution identifiée.Preferably, after the step of identifying an evolution curve, the heating method comprises a step of validating said evolution curve identified by comparing the absolute humidity values measured with the pre-recorded values of the absolute humidity of said identified evolution curve.
Ce second critère permet de vérifier que la courbe d'évolution identifiée correspond bien à la meilleure courbe d'évolution parmi l'ensemble de courbes d'évolution préenregistrées, c'est-à-dire la courbe d'évolution présentant le moins d'écart avec la mesure réalisée depuis le début de la période de détection.This second criterion makes it possible to verify that the evolution curve identified corresponds to the best evolution curve among the set of prerecorded evolution curves, ie the curve of evolution presenting the least amount of evolution. deviation from the measurement made since the beginning of the detection period.
De manière avantageuse, et dans un but de sécurité, si à l'étape d'identification, aucune courbe d'évolution n'est identifiée et/ou si à l'étape de validation, aucune courbe d'évolution identifiée n'est validée, le procédé de chauffage comprend une étape d'arrêt du générateur de micro-ondes lorsque l'humidité absolue mesurée est supérieure ou égale à une valeur seuil de sécurité.Advantageously, and for security purposes, if at the identification stage, no evolution curve is identified and / or if at the validation stage, no identified evolution curve is validated , the heating method comprises a step of stopping the microwave generator when the absolute humidity measured is greater than or equal to a safety threshold value.
De préférence, cette valeur seuil de sécurité correspond à la valeur maximale des valeurs limites associées aux courbes d'évolution préenregistrées.Preferably, this safety threshold value corresponds to the maximum value of the limit values associated with the prerecorded evolution curves.
Selon un mode de réalisation avantageux de l'invention, après l'étape d'identification d'une courbe d'évolution, le procédé de chauffage comprend les étapes suivantes :
- détection de ladite valeur limite d'humidité absolue associée à ladite courbe d'évolution identifiée ;
- calcul d'une durée restante de chauffage à partir de ladite courbe d'évolution identifiée, de ladite valeur limite associée et d'une valeur courante de l'humidité absolue mesurée ; et
- affichage de ladite durée restante calculée,
- detecting said absolute humidity limit value associated with said identified evolution curve;
- calculating a remaining heating time from said identified evolution curve, said associated limit value and a current value of the measured absolute humidity; and
- displaying said calculated remaining duration,
Le procédé de chauffage permet ainsi d'indiquer à l'utilisateur un temps restant pour obtenir le chauffage de la boisson à une température de consommation.The heating method thus makes it possible to indicate to the user a time remaining to obtain the heating of the beverage at a consumption temperature.
Contrairement à des procédés de réchauffage connus dans lequel le réchauffage est géré à partir d'une durée prédéterminée de réchauffage, la durée restante est ici affichée à titre indicatif pour l'utilisateur, la détermination de la fin du processus de chauffage de la boisson étant réalisée directement par comparaison de la valeur de l'humidité absolue mesurée et d'une valeur limite détectée en association avec la courbe d'évolution identifiée.Unlike known reheating methods in which the reheating is managed from a predetermined reheating time, the remaining time is here displayed as an indication for the user, the determination of the end of the process of heating the beverage being performed directly by comparing the measured absolute humidity value and a detected limit value in association with the identified evolution curve.
Selon une caractéristique de l'invention, la valeur limite de l'humidité absolue correspond à une température préfixée de la boisson sensiblement égale à 75° C, correspondant ainsi à une température idéale de consommation d'une boisson chaude.According to one characteristic of the invention, the limit value of the absolute humidity corresponds to a predetermined temperature of the beverage substantially equal to 75 ° C, thus corresponding to an ideal temperature of consumption of a hot drink.
En pratique, les courbes préenregistrées d'évolution de l'humidité absolue sont prédéfinies en fonction de paramètres choisis parmi la masse de la boisson, la puissance absorbée par la boisson, la surface apparente de la boisson dans un contenant et la distance séparant la surface de la boisson et un bord du contenant.In practice, the pre-recorded curves for changing the absolute humidity are predefined according to parameters chosen from the mass of the beverage, the power absorbed by the beverage, the apparent surface of the beverage in a container and the distance separating the surface. of the drink and an edge of the container.
Différentes courbes préenregistrées d'évolution permettent ainsi de tenir compte des différentes possibilités de réchauffage de boisson dans des contenants variés, allant d'une petite tasse à plusieurs bols, et dont le volume peut être compris entre 60 et 1000 ml.Various pre-recorded curves of evolution allow to take into account the different possibilities of reheating beverage in various containers, ranging from a small cup to several bowls, and whose volume can be between 60 and 1000 ml.
Grâce à l'enregistrement des courbes d'évolution prédéfinies, le procédé de chauffage permet de chauffer automatiquement une boisson ou un liquide jusqu'à une température optimale de consommation, sans que l'utilisateur n'ait à saisir d'informations sur le type ou le nombre de contenants et le volume à chauffer.By recording the predefined trend curves, the heating process automatically heats a beverage or a liquid up to an optimum consumption temperature, without the user having to enter information about the type. or the number of containers and the volume to be heated.
Selon un second aspect de l'intention, elle concerne un four à micro-ondes comprenant une cavité, un générateur de micro-ondes, un capteur d'humidité absolue adapté à mesurer l'humidité absolue présente dans la cavité du four à micro-ondes, et un microprocesseur.According to a second aspect of the intention, it relates to a microwave oven comprising a cavity, a microwave generator, an absolute humidity sensor adapted to measure the absolute humidity present in the cavity of the microwave oven. waves, and a microprocessor.
Le microprocesseur comprend un algorithme de traitement adapté à mettre en route un générateur de micro-ondes à une puissance prédéfinie ; à comparer l'humidité absolue mesurée (d ΔH) associée à une période de temps (dt) à des variations préenregistrées d'humidité absolue associées respectivement à des périodes de temps préenregistrées ; à identifier parmi un ensemble de courbes d'évolution préenregistrées dans le temps d'une humidité absolue une courbe d'évolution lorsque la variation de l'humidité absolue mesurée (d ΔH) associée à une période de temps (dt) correspond à la variation d'humidité absolue associée à la période de temps de la courbe d'évolution ; et à arrêter le générateur de micro-ondes lorsque l'humidité absolue mesurée (ΔH) atteint une valeur limite associée à la courbe d'évolution identifiée et correspondant à une température préfixée atteinte par la boisson.The microprocessor includes a processing algorithm adapted to turn on a microwave generator at a predefined power; comparing the measured absolute humidity (dΔH) associated with a period of time (dt) with pre-recorded changes in absolute humidity associated respectively with pre-recorded time periods; to identify, among a set of pre-recorded evolution curves over time of absolute humidity, an evolution curve when the variation of the measured absolute humidity (dΔH) associated with a period of time (dt) corresponds to the variation absolute humidity associated with the time period of the evolution curve; and stopping the microwave generator when the measured absolute humidity (ΔH) reaches a limit value associated with the identified evolution curve and corresponding to a predetermined temperature reached by the drink.
Ce four à micro-ondes présente des caractéristiques et avantages analogues à ceux décrits précédemment en relation avec le procédé de chauffage.This microwave oven has features and advantages similar to those previously described in connection with the heating process.
En pratique, ce four à micro-ondes comprend un bouton de commande de réchauffage d'une boisson, permettant d'obtenir le départ du procédé de réchauffage par actionnement d'une touche unique par un utilisateur.In practice, this microwave oven includes a control button for reheating a beverage, to obtain the start of the reheating process by actuating a single key by a user.
En pratique, le four à micro-ondes comprend en particulier au moins une mémoire non volatile adaptée à mémoriser des courbes d'évolution dans le temps de l'humidité absolue.In practice, the microwave oven comprises in particular at least one nonvolatile memory adapted to store curves of evolution over time of the absolute humidity.
D'autres particularités et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront encore dans la description ci-après,Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent in the description below,
Aux dessins annexés, donnés à titre d'exemples non imitatifs :
- la
figure 1 est un schéma simplifié d'un four à micro-ondes selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention ; - la
figure 2 est un schéma montrant différents paramètres utilisés lors de la prédétermination des courbes d'évolution mises en oeuvre dans le procédé de chauffage conforme à un mode de réalisation de l'invention ; - les courbes 3A et 3B sont des schémas selon deux échelles différentes illustrant différentes courbes d'évolution de l'humidité absolue dans le temps ; et
- les
figures 4 et5 illustrent une étape d'identification d'une courbe d'évolution théorique selon différents cas d'application du procédé de chauffage conforme à l'invention.
- the
figure 1 is a simplified diagram of a microwave oven according to one embodiment of the invention; - the
figure 2 is a diagram showing various parameters used in the prediction of the evolution curves used in the heating method according to an embodiment of the invention; - curves 3A and 3B are diagrams according to two different scales illustrating different curves of evolution of absolute humidity over time; and
- the
figures 4 and5 illustrate a step of identifying a theoretical evolution curve according to different cases of application of the heating method according to the invention.
On va décrire tout d'abord en référence à la
On a illustré sur la
Bien entendu, ce four à micro-ondes comporte tous les éléments nécessaires au fonctionnement, et notamment un générateur de micro-ondes.Of course, this microwave oven includes all the elements necessary for operation, including a microwave generator.
Le four 10 comprend de manière traditionnelle une cavité 11 formant enceinte de cuisson dans laquelle sont placés des aliments destinés à être réchauffés dans le four à micro-ondes.The
Afin d'homogénéiser le chauffage par les ondes dans l'enceinte de cuisson 11, celle-ci comprend généralement un plateau tournant 12 monté en rotation sur la sole du four.In order to homogenize the heating by the waves in the
En façade du four, une porte 13 permet à l'utilisateur d'introduire les aliments dans la cavité 11 en vue de leur réchauffage. Un tableau de commande 14 disposé sur la façade permet en outre à l'utilisateur de programmer et régler différents paramètres de fonctionnement du four à micro-ondes.On the front of the oven, a
Dans ce mode de réalisation de l'invention, le panneau de commande 14 comporte en particulier une touche de commande 15, appelée bouton de commande de réchauffage d'une boisson 15 et adaptée à commander la mise en oeuvre du procédé de réchauffage spécifique qui va être décrit ultérieurement.In this embodiment of the invention, the
Pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé particulier de réchauffage de boissons, le four à micro-ondes comporte un capteur d'humidité 16.For the implementation of this particular method of reheating beverages, the microwave oven comprises a
Dans ce mode de réalisation, le capteur d'humidité 16 est placé dans la partie supérieure du four à micro-ondes 10, entre la paroi supérieure 11 a de la cavité 11 et une paroi supérieure 10a de la carrosserie du four 10.In this embodiment, the
Généralement, un four à micro-ondes comporte un système de ventilation (non représenté) adapté à extraire l'air et les buées de la cavité 11 du four afin d'éviter la condensation de la vapeur d'eau sur les parois de la cavité 11.Generally, a microwave oven comprises a ventilation system (not shown) adapted to extract air and steam from the
Dans ce mode de réalisation, le capteur d'humidité 16 est de préférence placé dans un espace formant conduit d'évacuation de l'air extrait de la cavité 11.In this embodiment, the
Ce capteur d'humidité permet ainsi de mesurer l'humidité absolue présente dans la cavité du four à micro-onde, au travers de l'air extrait de la cavité 11 lors du réchauffage d'un aliment, cet air circulant en contact avec le capteur d'humidité 16.This humidity sensor thus makes it possible to measure the absolute humidity present in the cavity of the microwave oven, through the air extracted from the
En pratique, le capteur d'humidité peut être constitué par exemple d'une paire de thermistances identiques. Une des thermistances est placée dans un boitier comprenant des petites ouvertures pour permettre le contact de la thermistance avec l'air entourant le capteur 16.In practice, the humidity sensor may consist for example of a pair of identical thermistors. One of the thermistors is placed in a housing including small openings to allow contact of the thermistor with the air surrounding the
La seconde thermistance est placée dans un boitier étanche à l'air. La différence de réponse des deux thermistances permet de suivre l'évolution de l'humidité dans l'air provenant de la cavité 11.The second thermistor is placed in an airtight case. The difference in response of the two thermistors makes it possible to follow the evolution of the humidity in the air coming from the
On notera que l'humidité absolue mesurée représente en réalité l'écart entre l'humidité absolue dans la cavité et celle de l'air extérieur.It should be noted that the measured absolute humidity actually represents the difference between the absolute humidity in the cavity and that of the outside air.
En pratique, on mesure la différence de tension ΔV aux bornes du capteur 16 qui est directement représentative de l'humidité absolue mesurée ΔH.In practice, the voltage difference ΔV is measured at the terminals of the
Généralement, avant la mise en marche du four à micro-ondes, l'humidité absolue mesurée par le capteur est nulle dès lors que l'air dans la cavité du four est identique à l'air ambiant.Generally, before switching on the microwave oven, the absolute humidity measured by the sensor is zero when the air in the oven cavity is identical to the ambient air.
Bien entendu, tout type de capteur d'humidité bien connu de l'homme du métier pourrait être utilisé ici.Of course, any type of moisture sensor well known to those skilled in the art could be used here.
Ce capteur d'humidité absolue 16 est relié à une carte de commande électronique 18 du four à micro-ondes, permettant de commander le fonctionnement du four, et en particulier la mise en route et l'arrêt du générateur de micro-ondes.This
Cette carte électronique 18 comporte de manière connue un microprocesseur permettant à partir des signaux transmis par le capteur d'humidité 16 et d'un algorithme de traitement spécifique qui va être décrit ci-après, de contrôler le réchauffage d'un aliment dans le four à micro-ondes 10.This
En particulier, pour permettre la mise en oeuvre du procédé de chauffage d'une boisson décrit ci-après, la carte électronique de commande comporte également une mémoire non volatile adaptée à mémoriser des courbes d'évolution dans le temps de l'humidité absolue.In particular, to allow the implementation of the method of heating a beverage described below, the electronic control board also has a non-volatile memory adapted to store curves of evolution over time of the absolute humidity.
En effet, dans son principe, le procédé de chauffage conforme à l'invention permet à partir de la mesure de l'humidité absolue dans la cavité lors du réchauffage d'une boisson, et en particulier de sa variation dans le temps, d'identifier une courbe d'évolution d'humidité absolue parmi un ensemble de courbes d'évolution d'humidité absolue préenregistrées et correspondant à un certain nombre de cas de réchauffage de boissons.Indeed, in principle, the heating method according to the invention allows from the measurement of the absolute humidity in the cavity during the reheating of a beverage, and in particular its variation over time, of identify an absolute humidity evolution curve among a set of pre-recorded absolute humidity evolution curves corresponding to a certain number of beverage reheating cases.
La Demanderesse a constaté que l'évolution de l'humidité absolue dans la cavité lors du réchauffage d'une boisson placée dans un contenant dépendait d'un certain nombre de paramètres, et en particulier de la masse M de la boisson, de la puissance absorbée P* par la boisson, de la surface apparente s de la boisson dans un contenant et de la distance I séparant la surface de la boisson et un bord du contenant.The Applicant has found that the evolution of the absolute humidity in the cavity during the reheating of a beverage placed in a container depended on a certain number of parameters, and in particular on the mass M of the beverage, the power absorbed by the beverage, the apparent surface of the beverage in a container and the distance between the surface of the beverage and an edge of the container.
Ces différents paramètres illustrés à la
Des courbes d'évolution de l'humidité absolue peuvent ainsi être prédéfinies en fonction de la variation de ces différents paramètres.Absolute humidity evolution curves can thus be predefined as a function of the variation of these different parameters.
Une méthode pour prédéfinir ces courbes d'évolution de l'humidité absolue consiste à réaliser expérimentalement différentes mesures de l'évolution de l'humidité absolue dans la cavité pour différents cas spécifiques de boisson à réchauffer.A method for predefining these evolution curves of the absolute humidity consists in experimentally making various measurements of the evolution of the absolute humidity in the cavity for different specific cases of beverage to be heated.
En particulier, le type et le nombre de contenants peuvent être variables.In particular, the type and the number of containers can be variable.
Ainsi, le type de contenant peut être choisi parmi une petite tasse, une grande tasse, un mug, des bols de différent type.Thus, the type of container can be selected from a small cup, a large cup, a mug, bowls of different types.
Le nombre de contenant peut également être variable et compris entre 1 et 4.The number of containers can also be variable and between 1 and 4.
Indépendamment du volume utile de chaque contenant et du nombre de contenants utilisés, la masse M de la boisson à réchauffer peut varier par exemple entre 60 ml et 1000 ml.Regardless of the effective volume of each container and the number of containers used, the mass M of the beverage to be heated may vary for example between 60 ml and 1000 ml.
La surface apparente s de la boisson varie également suivant la quantité de boisson introduite dans un type de contenant, et la forme de celui-ci. Cette surface apparente s varie généralement entre 2.10-3 m2 et 15.10-3 m2.The apparent surface area of the beverage also varies according to the amount of beverage introduced into a type of container, and the shape of it. This apparent surface s generally varies between 2.10 -3 m 2 and 15.10 -3 m 2.
De même, la distance l séparant la surface de la boisson et le bord du contenant varie en fonction du volume de boisson introduite dans un contenant particulier. Cette distance l peut être comprise typiquement entre 0 mm et 100 mm.Similarly, the distance between the surface of the beverage and the edge of the container varies depending on the volume of beverage introduced into a particular container. This distance l can be typically between 0 mm and 100 mm.
Enfin, selon le type de boisson et de contenant, la puissance absorbée par la boisson varie.Finally, depending on the type of beverage and container, the power absorbed by the drink varies.
Les courbes d'évolution d'humidité peuvent ainsi être déterminées expérimentalement en faisant varier ces différents paramètres et en observant la température du liquide chauffé afin d'obtenir des courbes d'évolution de l'humidité dans le temps lors du chauffage d'une boisson entre sensiblement 20°C et environ 75°C. Lors de ces mesures expérimentales, chaque contenant est placé dans la cavité 11 d'un four expérimental, semblable à celui décrit précédemment en référence à la
Les
En pratique, ces courbes d'évolution de l'humidité absolue correspondent à l'écart de tension ΔV mesurée en sortie du capteur d'humidité 16 et à son évolution dans le temps.In practice, these evolution curves of the absolute humidity correspond to the voltage difference ΔV measured at the output of the
Comme illustré à la
En particulier, quatre courbes d'évolution d'humidité absolue sont représentées :
- courbe "rond blanc" : petite tasse contenant 60 ml d'eau chauffée à une température finale Tf = 90°C.
- courbe "rond noir" : grande tasse contenant 60 ml d'eau chauffée à une température finale Tf = 76°C.
- courbe "carré blanc" : petite tasse contenant 120 ml d'eau chauffée à une température finale Tf = 76°C.
- courbe "triangle noir" : deux petites tasses contenant chacune 60 ml d'eau chauffée à une température finale Tf = 78°C.
- "round white" curve: small cup containing 60 ml of water heated to a final temperature Tf = 90 ° C.
- "black round" curve: large cup containing 60 ml of water heated to an end temperature Tf = 76 ° C.
- "white square" curve: small cup containing 120 ml of water heated to an end temperature Tf = 76 ° C.
- "black triangle" curve: two small cups each containing 60 ml of water heated to a final temperature Tf = 78 ° C.
De manière analogue, la
En particulier, on a illustré sur cette figure sept courbes d'évolution d'humidité correspondant aux cas particuliers suivants :
- courbe "carré blanc" : deux petites tasses contenant chacune 60 ml d'eau chauffée à une température finale Tf = 78°C.
- courbe "triangle noir" : grande tasse contenant 240 ml d'eau chauffée à une température finale Tf = 76°C.
- courbe "rond blanc" : deux mugs contenant chacun 120 ml d'eau chauffée à une température finale Tf = 78°C.
- courbe "losange blanc" : quatre petites tasses contenant chacune 120 ml d'eau chauffée à une température finale Tf comprise entre 70°C et 76°C.
- courbe "carré noir" : un bol contenant 480 ml d'eau chauffée à une température finale Tf = 72°C.
- courbe "triangle blanc" : un bol (d'un type différent que ci-dessus) contenant 480 ml d'eau chauffée à une température finale Tf = 74°C.
- courbe "flèche blanche" : deux mugs contenant chacun 240 ml d'eau chauffée à une température finale Tf = 76°C.
- "white square" curve: two small cups each containing 60 ml of water heated to a final temperature Tf = 78 ° C.
- "black triangle" curve: large cup containing 240 ml of water heated to a final temperature Tf = 76 ° C.
- "white round" curve: two mugs each containing 120 ml of water heated to a final temperature Tf = 78 ° C.
- "white diamond" curve: four small cups each containing 120 ml of water heated to a final temperature Tf of between 70 ° C and 76 ° C.
- "black square" curve: a bowl containing 480 ml of water heated to a final temperature Tf = 72 ° C.
- "white triangle" curve: a bowl (of a different type than above) containing 480 ml of water heated to a final temperature Tf = 74 ° C.
- curve "white arrow": two mugs each containing 240 ml of water heated to a final temperature Tf = 76 ° C.
Ces courbes d'évolution prédéfinies pour différentes catégories pourraient également être calculées en modélisant les échanges de vapeur d'eau dans la cavité entre l'eau entrant ou sortant de la cavité et la vapeur d'eau générée par la charge.These predefined evolution curves for different categories could also be calculated by modeling the exchanges of water vapor in the cavity between the water entering or leaving the cavity and the water vapor generated by the charge.
Dans un tel cas, les différentes valeurs des courbes d'évolution d'humidité pourraient être précalculées en utilisant un modèle de calcul.In such a case, the different values of the moisture evolution curves could be precalculated using a calculation model.
On notera par ailleurs que les paramètres propres au four à micro-ondes (volume de la cavité, débit d'air entrant et sortant de la cavité) interviennent dans l'évolution de l'humidité mesurée de telle sorte que les courbes d'évolution d'humidité sont prédéfinies pour un four à micro-ondes de caractéristiques prédéterminées.Note also that the parameters specific to the microwave oven (volume of the cavity, air flow entering and leaving the cavity) are involved in the evolution of the measured humidity so that the curves of evolution humidity are predefined for a microwave oven of predetermined characteristics.
Ainsi, pour chaque type de four à micro-ondes, des courbes d'évolution d'humidité doivent être prédéfinies et préenregistrées.Thus, for each type of microwave oven, moisture evolution curves must be predefined and prerecorded.
On va à présent décrire en référence aux
En pratique, l'utilisateur introduit dans la cavité 11 du four à micro-ondes 10 une boisson quelconque contenue dans un ou plusieurs contenants.In practice, the user introduces into the
L'utilisateur appuie ensuite sur le bouton de commande 15 de réchauffage d'une boisson. Cette action permet par l'acquisition d'une commande de réchauffage d'une boisson ainsi transmise à la carte électronique de commande ou au microprocesseur d'initialiser le procédé de chauffage de la boisson et en particulier de déclencher la mise en route du générateur de micro-ondes.The user then presses the
De préférence, pour le réchauffage d'une boisson, le générateur de micro-ondes a une puissance prédéfinie, correspondant à la puissance utilisée lors de la définition de l'ensemble des courbes d'évolution préenregistrées.Preferably, for reheating a beverage, the microwave generator has a predefined power, corresponding to the power used in the definition of all the prerecorded evolution curves.
En pratique, cette puissance prédéfinie correspond à la puissance maximale de fonctionnement du générateur intégré dans le four à micro-ondes 10 adapté à mettre en oeuvre le procédé de chauffage d'une boisson conforme à l'invention.In practice, this predefined power corresponds to the maximum operating power of the generator integrated in the
A titre d'exemples non limitatifs, la puissance maximale du générateur de micro-ondes peut être égale à 1 000 W.As non-limiting examples, the maximum power of the microwave generator may be equal to 1000 W.
Simultanément, le capteur d'humidité est adapté à mesurer l'humidité absolue dans la cavité du four à micro-ondes, par l'intermédiaire de l'air extrait de la cavité 11.Simultaneously, the humidity sensor is adapted to measure the absolute humidity in the cavity of the microwave oven, by means of the air extracted from the
La valeur en sortie de ce capteur, c'est-à-dire la différence de tension mesurée entre les deux thermistances, est adressée et mémorisée au niveau du microprocesseur de la carte de commande électronique 18.The output value of this sensor, that is to say the difference in voltage measured between the two thermistors, is addressed and stored at the microprocessor of the
Une étape de comparaison de l'humidité absolue mesurée à des valeurs préenregistrées d'humidité absolue est alors mise en oeuvre.A step of comparing the absolute humidity measured with prerecorded values of absolute humidity is then implemented.
Grâce à la comparaison des valeurs d'humidité absolue mesurées aux valeurs d'humidité préenregistrées, il est possible d'identifier parmi l'ensemble de courbes préenregistrées, une courbe d'évolution spécifique qui correspond à l'évolution de l'humidité absolue mesurée pendant la période de détection.By comparing the measured absolute humidity values with the pre-recorded humidity values, it is possible to identify among the set of pre-recorded curves, a specific evolution curve which corresponds to the evolution of the measured absolute humidity. during the detection period.
Dès lors qu'une courbe d'évolution est identifiée, en suivant l'évolution de l'humidité absolue mesurée, il est possible d'arrêter le générateur de micro-ondes lorsque l'humidité absolue mesurée atteint une valeur limite associée à la courbe d'évolution identifiée qui correspond à une température préfixée atteinte par la boisson.As soon as an evolution curve is identified, following the evolution of the measured absolute humidity, it is possible to stop the microwave generator when the measured absolute humidity reaches a limit value associated with the curve. of identified evolution which corresponds to a predetermined temperature reached by the drink.
En pratique, cette valeur limite correspond à une température préfixée de la boisson sensiblement égale à 75°C, qui correspond à une température idéale de consommation pour la plupart des boissons.In practice, this limit value corresponds to a prefixed temperature of the beverage substantially equal to 75 ° C, which corresponds to an ideal temperature of consumption for most drinks.
On notera toutefois que la simple comparaison de l'humidité absolue mesurée ΔH avec les valeurs des courbes préenregistrées peut présenter un risque de similitude sur les premiers instants entre des cas très différents de telle sorte que l'arrêt du générateur de micro-ondes pourrait être décalé et ne pas correspondre à une température de liquide chauffé à 75°C.It should be noted, however, that the simple comparison of the measured absolute humidity ΔH with the values of the pre-recorded curves may present a likelihood of similarity in the first moments between very different cases so that the stopping of the microwave generator could be shifted and not correspond to a liquid temperature heated to 75 ° C.
Aussi, afin d'améliorer la discrimination des différentes courbes d'évolution préenregistrées, à partir des valeurs d'humidité absolue mesurées ΔH, à l'étape de comparaison, on utilise la variation de l'humidité absolue mesurée d (ΔH) associée à une période de temps dt et on compare ce couple de valeurs (d (ΔH), dt) à des variations préenregistrées d'humidité absolue associées respectivement à des périodes de temps préenregistrées qui correspondent à une augmentation de température de la boisson de 65°C à 75°C environ.Also, in order to improve the discrimination of the different prerecorded evolution curves, from the absolute humidity values measured ΔH, at the comparison stage, the variation of the measured absolute humidity d (ΔH) associated with a period of time dt and this pair of values (d (ΔH), dt) is compared with pre-recorded variations of absolute humidity associated respectively with pre-recorded time periods corresponding to a temperature increase of the beverage of 65 ° C. at about 75 ° C.
On a illustré ainsi sur la
On a ainsi en mémoire pour chaque courbe d'évolution d'humidité absolue préenregistrée, la variation de l'humidité d (ΔH) entre 65°C et 75°C et la durée dt75-65 pour que la boisson passe d'une température de 65°C à 75°C.Thus, for each curve of evolution of absolute humidity prerecorded, the variation of the humidity d (ΔH) between 65 ° C and 75 ° C and the duration dt 75-65 for the drink to go from a temperature of 65 ° C to 75 ° C.
En comparant la variation d'humidité absolue mesurée associée à une période de temps à ces couples de valeurs préenregistrées, il est possible d'identifier la courbe d'évolution pour laquelle les couples de variation d'humidité d (ΔH) et de durée dt75-65 sont identiques.By comparing the measured absolute humidity variation associated with a period of time with these prerecorded pairs of values, it is possible to identify the evolution curve for which the humidity variation pairs d (ΔH) and of duration dt 75-65 are identical.
On notera que l'utilisation de couples de deux valeurs permet d'obtenir une meilleure discrimination des courbes que par exemple en utilisant un rapport du type d (ΔH) / dt75-65.It will be noted that the use of couples of two values makes it possible to obtain a better discrimination of the curves than for example by using a ratio of the type d (ΔH) / dt 75-65 .
Par ailleurs, le choix de la plage de températures comprise entre 65°C et 75°C permet d'éliminer les problèmes de similitudes des courbes.Furthermore, the choice of the temperature range between 65 ° C and 75 ° C eliminates the problems of similar curves.
Afin de consolider l'identification de la courbe de variation d'humidité absolue, le procédé de chauffage comprend en outre une étape de validation de cette courbe d'évolution identifiée par comparaison des valeurs d'humidité absolue mesurées ΔH avec les valeurs préenregistrées de l'humidité absolue de la courbe d'évolution identifiée.In order to consolidate the identification of the absolute humidity variation curve, the heating method further comprises a step of validating this evolution curve identified by comparing the humidity values. absolute measured ΔH with the pre-recorded values of the absolute humidity of the identified evolution curve.
Ce deuxième critère permet de valider le choix de la courbe d'évolution identifiée parmi l'ensemble des courbes préenregistrées.This second criterion makes it possible to validate the choice of the evolution curve identified among the set of pre-recorded curves.
Ainsi, dès que la courbe d'évolution de l'humidité absolue est identifiée et validée, le générateur de micro-ondes est arrêté dès lors que l'humidité absolue mesurée correspond à la valeur limite prévue et correspondant à une température de 75°C atteinte par la boisson à réchauffer.Thus, as soon as the evolution curve of the absolute humidity is identified and validated, the microwave generator is stopped when the measured absolute humidity corresponds to the expected limit value and corresponding to a temperature of 75 ° C. reached by the drink to warm up.
Un signal sonore ou visuel peut éventuellement indiquer à l'utilisateur la fin du processus de réchauffage.An audible or visual signal may indicate to the user the end of the reheating process.
En pratique, comme illustré à la
Cette nouvelle base de temps t* telle qu'illustrée à la
Ce changement d'origine du temps permet de s'affranchir de la température initiale de la boisson à réchauffer, qui peut être différente de 20°C. En effet, les modèles d'humidité absolue préenregistrés sont déterminés de sorte qu'à l'instant t=0, la température de la boisson est égale sensiblement à 20°C.This change of origin of the time makes it possible to overcome the initial temperature of the beverage to be heated, which can be different from 20 ° C. Indeed, the pre-recorded absolute humidity models are determined so that at time t = 0, the temperature of the beverage is substantially equal to 20 ° C.
En particulier, lorsqu'une boisson sortant du réfrigérateur et ayant une température comprise entre 4 et 6°C est réchauffée, la période de détection pendant laquelle il est possible de comparer les valeurs d'humidité absolue mesurées aux valeurs d'humidité absolue préenregistrées ne commencent pas dès la mise en route du générateur de micro-ondes mais bien au-delà compte tenu de la température de départ du liquide à réchauffer.In particular, when a beverage leaving the refrigerator and having a temperature between 4 and 6 ° C is reheated, the detection period during which it is possible to compare the measured absolute humidity values with the pre-recorded absolute humidity values does not not start at the start of the microwave generator but well beyond the starting temperature of the liquid to be heated.
Par ailleurs, si aucune courbe d'évolution préenregistrée n'est identifiée ou validée, le générateur de micro-ondes est arrêté automatiquement.On the other hand, if no prerecorded evolution curve is identified or validated, the microwave generator is stopped automatically.
En effet, suite à une perturbation du signal (bruit, erreur de mesure), ou encore à une prise en compte erronée du taux d'humidité initial d'humidité absolue dans la cavité du four, qui peut se produire notamment lors de chauffages de boissons enchaînés, il est possible qu'aucune courbe d'évolution préenregistrée ne corresponde à la mesure de l'humidité dans la cavité.Indeed, following a disturbance of the signal (noise, measurement error), or even an erroneous consideration of the initial moisture content of absolute moisture in the oven cavity, which can occur especially during heating of In the case of chained drinks, it is possible that no pre-recorded evolution curve corresponds to the measurement of the humidity in the cavity.
En pratique, si l'humidité absolue mesurée est supérieure ou égale à une valeur seuil de sécurité, le générateur de micro-ondes est arrêté automatiquement.In practice, if the absolute humidity measured is greater than or equal to a safety threshold value, the microwave generator is automatically stopped.
Cette valeur seuil de sécurité correspond à la valeur maximale des valeurs limites associées aux courbes d'évolution préenregistrées, et ici, à la plus haute valeur préenregistrée d'humidité absolue correspondant à une température de boisson égale à 75°C.This safety threshold value corresponds to the maximum value of the limit values associated with the pre-recorded evolution curves, and here, to the highest pre-recorded value of absolute humidity corresponding to a drinking temperature equal to 75 ° C.
L'arrêt automatique du générateur permet d'arrêter en toute sécurité le fonctionnement du four à micro-ondes en cas d'anomalie dans la mesure ou le suivi de l'humidité absolue.The automatic shutdown of the generator makes it possible to safely stop the operation of the microwave oven in the event of an anomaly in the measurement or monitoring of the absolute humidity.
Par ailleurs, lorsqu'une courbe d'évolution est identifiée, l'algorithme de traitement est adapté à calculer la durée restante de chauffage de la boisson, par exemple en vue de son affichage au niveau du bandeau de commande du four.Moreover, when an evolution curve is identified, the processing algorithm is adapted to calculate the remaining heating time of the beverage, for example for its display at the control panel of the oven.
En pratique, le procédé de chauffage est adapté à détecter la valeur limite d'humidité absolue associée à la courbe d'évolution identifiée.In practice, the heating method is adapted to detect the absolute humidity limit value associated with the identified evolution curve.
Comme déjà indiqué précédemment, cette valeur limite d'humidité absolue comprend sensiblement à l'instant où la boisson est à une température de l'ordre de 75°C.As already indicated above, this absolute humidity limit value comprises substantially at the instant when the beverage is at a temperature of the order of 75 ° C.
A partir de la valeur courante de l'humidité absolue mesurée et de la courbe d'évolution dans le temps de l'humidité, l'algorithme est adapté à calculer la durée restante de chauffage, c'est-à-dire la durée nécessaire pour que l'humidité absolue mesurée dans la cavité passe de la valeur courante à la valeur limite d'humidité absolue associée à la courbe d'évolution identifiée.From the current value of the measured absolute humidity and the time evolution curve of the humidity, the algorithm is adapted to calculate the remaining duration of heating, that is to say the necessary duration so that the absolute humidity measured in the cavity changes from the current value to the limit value of absolute humidity associated with the evolution curve identified.
Cette durée restante calculée peut ainsi être affichée, par exemple en secondes, sur un afficheur classique et décomptée seconde après seconde jusqu'à la fin du processus de réchauffage.This calculated remaining time can thus be displayed, for example in seconds, on a conventional display and counted second after second until the end of the reheating process.
Bien entendu, ces étapes de détection de valeur limite d'humidité absolue, de calcul de durée restante et d'affichage de cette durée peuvent être réitérées lors du procédé de réchauffage afin d'affiner le temps restant affiché.Of course, these steps of detection of absolute humidity limit value, calculation of remaining time and display of this duration can be repeated during the reheating process to refine the remaining time displayed.
Ainsi, grâce à la présente invention, il est possible de réchauffer automatiquement une boisson jusqu'à une température de l'ordre de 75°C en utilisant uniquement un capteur d'humidité absolue, et ceci quels que soient le type de contenant, le volume de boisson et sa température initiale.Thus, thanks to the present invention, it is possible to automatically heat a beverage to a temperature of the order of 75 ° C using only an absolute humidity sensor, and this regardless of the type of container, the volume of drink and its initial temperature.
L'utilisateur n'a pour seule action que de placer le récipient contenant la boisson dans le four et d'appuyer sur un bouton dédié adapté à déclencher le procédé de réchauffage conforme à l'invention.The only action of the user is to place the container containing the beverage in the oven and to press a dedicated button adapted to trigger the heating process according to the invention.
On notera en particulier que le contenant et la quantité de liquide à chauffer peuvent être très variables.It will be noted in particular that the container and the amount of liquid to be heated can be very variable.
Bien entendu, de nombreuses modifications peuvent être apportées aux exemples de réalisation décrits ci-dessus sans sortir du cadre de l'invention.Of course, many modifications can be made to the embodiments described above without departing from the scope of the invention.
En particulier, la plage de température comprise entre 20° et 75°C pour la prédéfinition des modèles d'évolution d'humidité absolue et la détection peut être modifiée.In particular, the temperature range between 20 ° and 75 ° C for the predefining models of absolute humidity evolution and detection can be changed.
De même, la température finale correspondant à une température idéale de consommation et ici décrite comme sensiblement égale à 75°C peut être modifiée et comprise entre 60 et 100°C.Similarly, the final temperature corresponding to an ideal consumption temperature and here described as substantially equal to 75 ° C can be varied and between 60 and 100 ° C.
Claims (13)
- Method of heating a drink in a cavity (11) of a microwave oven (10), comprising the following steps:- starting a microwave generator at a predefined power;- measuring the absolute humidity (ΔH) in the cavity (11) of the microwave oven;characterised in that it also comprises the following steps:- comparing a variation in measured absolute humidity (d ΔH) associated with a period of time (dt) with pre-recorded variations in absolute humidity associated respectively with pre-recorded periods of time;- identifying, among a set of change curves pre-recorded over time, an absolute humidity on a change curve when the said variation in measured absolute humidity (d ΔH) associated with a period of time (dt) corresponds to the variation in absolute humidity associated with the period of time of the said change curve; and- stopping the microwave generator when the said measured absolute humidity (ΔH) reaches a limit value associated with the said change curve identified and corresponding to a predetermined temperature reached by the said drink.
- Heating method according to claim 1, characterised in that, at the comparison step, the said pre-recorded periods of time correspond to an increase in temperature of the drink of approximately 65°C to 75°C, and in that, at the identification step, the period of time of the said identified change curve corresponds to an increase in temperature of approximately 65°C to 75°C.
- Heating method according to claim 2, characterised in that it also comprises, after the identification step, a step of validating the said change curve identified by comparison of the measured absolute humidity values (ΔH) with the pre-recorded absolute humidity values on the said identified change curve.
- Heating method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that it comprises a step of stopping the microwave generator when the measured absolute humidity is greater than or equal to a safety threshold value.
- Heating method according to claim 4, characterised in that the said safety threshold value corresponds to the maximum value of the said limit values associated with the said pre-recorded change curves.
- Heating method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that, after the step of identifying a change curve, it comprises the following steps:- detecting the said absolute humidity limit value associated with the said identified change curve;- calculating a remaining heating period from the said identified change curve, the said associated limit value and a current value of the measured absolute humidity; and- displaying the said calculated remaining period.
- Heating method according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the said limit value corresponds to a predetermined temperature of the drink of substantially 75°C.
- Heating method according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that it comprises a prior step of acquiring a command to heat a drink.
- Heating method according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the said pre-recorded curves for change in the absolute humidity are predefined according to parameters chosen from the mass (M) of the drink, the power (P) absorbed by the drink, the apparent surface (s) of the drink in a container and the distance (1) separating the surface of the drink and an edge of the container.
- Heating method according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the said pre-recorded curves for change over time in the absolute humidity are predefined for a mass (M) of the drink varying between 60 ml and 1000 ml, an apparent drink surface (s) varying between 2.10-3 m2 and 15.10-3 m2, and a distance (1) separating the surface of the drink and the edge of the container varying between 0 mm and 100 mm.
- Microwave oven comprising a cavity (11), a microwave generator (1), an absolute humidity sensor (16) for measuring the absolute humidity (ΔH) present in the cavity (11) of the said microwave oven (10) and a microprocessor (18), characterised in that the said microprocessor (18) comprises a processing algorithm for starting a microwave generator at a predefined power; comparing the absolute humidity (d ΔH) associated with a period of time (dt) with pre-recorded variations in absolute humidity associated respectively with pre-recorded periods of time; identifying, among a set of change curves pre-recorded over time of an absolute humidity, a change curve when the variation in measured absolute humidity (d ΔH) associated with a period of time (dt) corresponds to the variation in absolute humidity associated with the period of time of the said change curve; and stopping the microwave generator when the measured absolute humidity (ΔH) reaches a limit value associated with the identified change curve and corresponding to a predetermined temperature reached by the drink.
- Microwave oven according to claim 11, characterised in that it comprises a control knob (15) for heating a drink.
- Microwave oven according to one of claims 11 or 12, characterised in that it comprises at least one non-volatile memory for storing curves for change in the absolute humidity over time.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL07290507T PL1850641T3 (en) | 2006-04-27 | 2007-04-24 | Beverage heating method and microwave oven capable of implementing the method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0603799A FR2900532B1 (en) | 2006-04-27 | 2006-04-27 | PROCESS FOR HEATING A BEVERAGE AND MICROWAVE OVEN SUITABLE FOR CARRYING OUT THE PROCESS |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1850641A1 EP1850641A1 (en) | 2007-10-31 |
EP1850641B1 true EP1850641B1 (en) | 2010-03-31 |
Family
ID=37460201
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP07290507A Active EP1850641B1 (en) | 2006-04-27 | 2007-04-24 | Beverage heating method and microwave oven capable of implementing the method |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1850641B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE463144T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE602007005532D1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2342121T3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2900532B1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL1850641T3 (en) |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS59115918A (en) * | 1982-12-23 | 1984-07-04 | Sharp Corp | Electronic oven |
JPS60258895A (en) * | 1984-06-04 | 1985-12-20 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | High frequency heater |
EP0289000B1 (en) * | 1987-04-30 | 1993-08-25 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Automatic heating apparatus |
KR930001675B1 (en) * | 1989-04-14 | 1993-03-08 | 가부시끼가이샤 히다찌세이사꾸쇼 | Automatic cooking system for a microwave range white balance control device of video camera |
GB2293027A (en) * | 1994-09-07 | 1996-03-13 | Sharp Kk | Apparatus for and method of controlling a microwave oven |
-
2006
- 2006-04-27 FR FR0603799A patent/FR2900532B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2007
- 2007-04-24 AT AT07290507T patent/ATE463144T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-04-24 DE DE602007005532T patent/DE602007005532D1/en active Active
- 2007-04-24 ES ES07290507T patent/ES2342121T3/en active Active
- 2007-04-24 PL PL07290507T patent/PL1850641T3/en unknown
- 2007-04-24 EP EP07290507A patent/EP1850641B1/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE463144T1 (en) | 2010-04-15 |
FR2900532A1 (en) | 2007-11-02 |
FR2900532B1 (en) | 2014-10-10 |
DE602007005532D1 (en) | 2010-05-12 |
PL1850641T3 (en) | 2010-09-30 |
EP1850641A1 (en) | 2007-10-31 |
ES2342121T3 (en) | 2010-07-01 |
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