EP1838956B1 - Device for controlling an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Device for controlling an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1838956B1
EP1838956B1 EP05850088A EP05850088A EP1838956B1 EP 1838956 B1 EP1838956 B1 EP 1838956B1 EP 05850088 A EP05850088 A EP 05850088A EP 05850088 A EP05850088 A EP 05850088A EP 1838956 B1 EP1838956 B1 EP 1838956B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
actuator
data
control unit
oscillatory circuit
circuit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
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EP05850088A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1838956A1 (en
Inventor
Bernhard Valouch
Harald Schueler
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
    • F02D41/26—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using computer, e.g. microprocessor
    • F02D41/266—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using computer, e.g. microprocessor the computer being backed-up or assisted by another circuit, e.g. analogue
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
    • F02D41/2406—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using essentially read only memories
    • F02D41/2425—Particular ways of programming the data
    • F02D41/2429—Methods of calibrating or learning
    • F02D41/2432—Methods of calibration
    • F02D41/2435—Methods of calibration characterised by the writing medium, e.g. bar code
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
    • F02D41/2406—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using essentially read only memories
    • F02D41/2425—Particular ways of programming the data
    • F02D41/2429—Methods of calibrating or learning
    • F02D41/2451—Methods of calibrating or learning characterised by what is learned or calibrated
    • F02D41/2464—Characteristics of actuators
    • F02D41/2467—Characteristics of actuators for injectors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for controlling an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a control unit reads data from a data carrier and used for control.
  • the data carrier is assigned to at least one actuator and includes data that characterize this actuator.
  • injectors which meter fuel to an internal combustion engine as a function of a drive signal have a data carrier which contains correction values with which deviations within a tolerance band of the individual injectors can be compensated. These correction data are determined at the end of the production of the injector and read into the data carrier.
  • the data carrier can be designed in many different ways, for example as a barcode or as a read-only memory element.
  • a system for collecting information has become known in which a device for storing information about the components is a data transponder arranged on the component.
  • the arrangement of the data transponder directly on the component has the advantage that it can be read out particularly reliably. In particular, it is not subject to external influences, such as oil / dirt and the like. Even contact problems on a component / reader interface, which can lead to incorrect programming, are thus excluded.
  • the information stored on the data carrier or the device for storing information is read during the initial initialization of the control unit and used in later operation for controlling the internal combustion engine.
  • the controllers include various functions that also determine correction values associated with an injector. Such a function is, for example, the so-called zero-quantity calibration.
  • the data are usually stored only in the control unit and used to control the internal combustion engine.
  • the individual injection quantity of an injector is detected at several test points. In this case, the deviation of the respective injection quantity from the desired value is determined.
  • These data are placed in the Injektorfertigung in a suitable form on the injector or stored for example in the aforementioned transponder.
  • the data is transmitted via suitable systems, for example via a camera system or by means of a diagnostic interface or by means of suitable readout systems for reading out transponders.
  • the data stored or stored on the injector must be read in again via the diagnostic interface or the camera system or another reading system.
  • the other correction values already determined by the control unit must in this case be read out of the old control unit and transferred to the new control unit.
  • specific functions of the diagnostic interface and / or the control device and / or a service tester are again necessary.
  • the DE 102 44 091 A1 to form the data carrier on the injector in such a way that the control unit writes data into the data carrier.
  • a simple exchange of the controller is possible in the event of a defect. It is of particular advantage that problem-free exchangeability of parts, in particular of the control unit, without the use of specific, manufacturer-dependent tools or testers is given.
  • the transponder is arranged on the outside of the component in order to allow the best possible data transmission. Due to this exposed position, however, there is now the risk of damaging the transponder, in particular if the component is an injector for injecting fuel, which is exposed to harsh operating conditions.
  • the US 6,418,913 describes a device for controlling an internal combustion engine, in which a control unit reads data from a data carrier and used for control.
  • the data carrier is assigned to at least one actuator and includes this actuator characteristic data.
  • the data is read from the data carrier by means of a resonant circuit whose components are arranged in a circuit associated with the actuator.
  • the invention is based on the object to further simplify a device for controlling an internal combustion engine, that with minimal installation effort a fail-safe bidirectional data transmission between the controller and the actuator, such as an injector for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine is possible.
  • the basic idea of the invention is to carry out a bidirectional data transmission between a control device and an actuator, for example an injector for fuel injection, by means of an electrical oscillating circuit, wherein the components of the Resonant circuit, inductors, capacitors and the like, are arranged in the control unit and / or in the actuator, so for example, only in the control unit or only in the actuator or distributed to the control unit and the actuator are arranged.
  • this is a transmission of data on properties of the injector or other data stored in data storage elements of the injector to the controller and conversely, a transfer of data from the controller to the data storage elements of the injector in an optimal manner feasible.
  • the resonant circuit generates a modulated AC signal having at least two discrete frequencies, which is transmitted via supply lines of the actuator.
  • the resonant circuit generates a modulated AC signal having at least two discrete frequencies, which is transmitted via supply lines of the actuator.
  • no additional data lines, connector pins or the like are required.
  • the data transmission is rather very advantageous over the supply lines, for example, the injector for fuel injection.
  • the transmission of the data takes place by means of modulation of an alternating voltage signal.
  • the modulation of the alternating voltage signal is effected by a frequency modulation.
  • the AC signal may additionally comprise selection elements, are addressed by which selection circuits in the injectors'.
  • identifiers such as serial numbers or the like may be included in the data transmission signals emitted by the injectors.
  • actuators for example injectors
  • the actuators are electrically connected to one of their poles and if the respective other poles are guided on switch elements inside or outside the control device-for example in paged out amplifiers-then a selection of the actuator with which data communication is to take place can be effected Switching elements or parallel arranged other switching elements are made.
  • circuit arrangements are provided which largely prevent rectifier effects.
  • the controllers have final stage topologies that include one or more freewheeling diodes for realizing slow and / or fast freewheels of the magnetic field energy of the actuator (s) for the purpose of current regulation or energy recovery.
  • parasitic antiparallel diodes act on some types of transistors, e.g. Mosfet's, or additionally present discrete antiparallel diodes in circuits with IGBTs (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors) for the sinusoidal AC signals used, which are usually in the high frequency range, as a rectifier and deform unfavorably the waveform of the signals.
  • IGBTs Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors
  • the circuits for avoiding these rectifier effects can be realized, for example, that the aforementioned diode lines are selectively operated with a sufficient bias for the signal in the reverse direction.
  • This bias can be ratiometrically generated to the total supply voltage, so that the signal amplitude to improve the data transmission security and to ensure the energy transfer described in more detail below for power conditioning for the circuitry in the actuator can reach a sufficiently large value.
  • the data transmission takes place in times during which no injections take place, for example, in the case of an injector. But it is also possible to carry out the data transmission when a sufficiently long time substantially constant drive signals exist. In this way, the function of the actuator, such as the injector, is not affected during data transmission. There are also no electromagnetic interference that could exceed legal limits. As a result, an accidental switching on the actuator acting as a consumer is very advantageous excluded.
  • the components of the resonant circuit are preferably arranged depending on the actuators used in the control unit or in the circuit associated with the actuator.
  • the subcircuits of the resonant circuit can be capacitive and / or electronic or electromechanical switch to existing power amplifier circuits of the Controller are coupled. As a result, the operation of the power amplifier and the actuator, such as the injector for Kraflatoffeinspritzung not impaired.
  • the data transmission can be carried out on a wide variety of types of actuators, which are inductive, capacitive or ohmic consumers.
  • the actuator is an injector with a piezoelectric actuator
  • the capacitance of the actuator itself forms a component of the resonant circuit, in which case the inductance of this resonant circuit is arranged in the control unit.
  • an inductance of this magnetic circuit can form a component of the resonant circuit.
  • the capacitances of the resonant circuit are arranged in this exemplary embodiment in the control unit and / or in the load.
  • the actuator is an ohmic consumer
  • an additional inductance which is preferably arranged in the control unit
  • a capacitance which is preferably arranged in the consumer
  • the AC signal for optimal power supply is set to a uniform level immediately below the threshold of the actuator.
  • circuitry may be provided in the actuator that amplifies the rectified AC signal. Such circuitry is required whenever the voltage is not sufficient by simple rectification to drive the data transfer circuitry and other circuitry, such as, e.g. to provide a microcontroller for data processing, data storage and control of data transmission in the consumer.
  • the increase of the voltage value can be done by means of voltage multiplication, for example passively by means of diodes or actively with controlled active switches.
  • a transformer can be provided to increase the voltage. In this case, the inductance of the transformer forms part of the total inductance of the resonant circuit and affects its frequency.
  • the frequency of the resonant circuit and / or the ability of the resonant circuit to generate a vibration can be used very advantageously for diagnosing the functionality of the controller, in particular an output stage of the controller and / or the actuator.
  • the figure shows schematically a block diagram of a device making use of the invention.
  • An apparatus for controlling an internal combustion engine shown in the figure, has a control unit 100.
  • the control unit 100 includes a control unit 110, which in turn includes several functions. These are inter alia a so-called quantity compensation control 112 and / or a zero quantity calibration 114.
  • the control unit is connected via supply lines 130, 140 to an actuator 200.
  • a resonant circuit 300 For transmitting data as well as energy from the control unit 100 to the actuator 200 and vice versa, a resonant circuit 300 is provided whose components are distributed to the control unit 100 and the actuator 200.
  • a first component 150 and in the actuator 200, a second component 250 of the resonant circuit 300 are arranged in the control unit 100.
  • the first component 150 in the control unit 100 may be formed for example by a capacitance and / or inductance.
  • the second component 250 in the actuator 200 can be realized in a corresponding manner by an inductance or capacitance or by an ohmic load.
  • the data transmission takes place to a circuit 260 in the actuator 200, which stores and / or processes the transmitted data.
  • the data transmission takes place by means of modulated AC voltage signals, wherein several different types of modulation can be used. An easily generated and evaluated modulation type is the frequency modulation.
  • two discrete sine frequencies are used for the data transmission, or one on-off sampling of the oscillator 300 is used.
  • a data transmission according to the so-called "frequency hopping" method is possible.
  • At least two discrete frequencies are used fixedly or dynamically according to a transmission protocol.
  • the evaluation circuits in this case only have to evaluate the presence of the two or more frequencies changing the rhythm of the data transmission or the on-off keying of a frequency.
  • resonant circuit 300 is generally low in quality, frequency modulation allows for low energy consumption and simple and inexpensive circuitry.
  • a reactance preferably a capacitor, is connected in parallel to the resonant circuit 300 in the control device 100 or the actuator 200 by means of an electronic switch (not shown).
  • the evaluation of the frequency changes takes place by means of frequency discriminators, which are part of the circuit 260, by counting the times between zero crossings or exceeding specifiable thresholds in the signal.
  • the circuit 260 may include a microcontroller. The same applies to the control unit 110 too. It can be provided that the control unit 110 simultaneously demodulates the transmitted data again, that is, receives to obtain information about the quality of the transmitted information.
  • control circuit 260 sends the received data or other information, such as checksums or the like, back to the control unit 110 so as to give the control unit 100 information about the bidirectional transmission path. Namely, if there is no possibility to establish a data transmission to the actuator 200, in particular if the oscillator 300 is unable to form a vibratory structure or massive frequency errors occur, it can be concluded that the actuator 200 has an error. Thus, an indirect detection of errors of the actuator 200 is possible.
  • the alternating voltage signal can also be provided for supplying power to the components 250 of the oscillator 300 arranged in the actuator 200 as well as to the circuit 260 associated with the actuator 200.
  • the AC signal is rectified in a suitable manner and optionally amplified.
  • the rectification and gain circuit 270 is part of the circuit 260.
  • auxiliary current sources or reverse pull-up resistors can be provided in a known manner, which generate a bias voltage. This bias is used simultaneously in actuators having piezoelectric consumers, to prevent their piezoceramics are reformed.
  • the generated AC signal is a harmonic sine wave signal.
  • the frequency or the frequencies resulting from the modulation are placed in a frequency range which is outside of possible interfering radio or übertragungsfrequenzbändem. As a possible frequency range, the range of 100 KHz to 140 KHz in question. The area lies below the German long-wave range and above the time signal transmitter Mainflingen. Other frequency ranges are conceivable. These are adapted to the actuators. It should be emphasized that the frequencies do not have to be kept very stable. They merely have to lie within the specified limits of the available frequency band. For this reason, the capacities of the resonant circuit 300 can be realized by inexpensive ceramic capacitors with a tolerance of ⁇ 10%.
  • the device described above for the bidirectional transmission of data from the control unit 100 to the actuator 200 may also be used for a diagnosis of the actuator 200, in particular for a diagnosis of a final stage of the actuator, which is part of the control unit 110, and / or the actuator 200 become.
  • the frequency of the resonant circuit 300 in the control unit 110 is evaluated and / or the ability of the resonant circuit 300 to generate a vibration for diagnosing the functionality of the control unit 110, in particular an output stage, which is part of this control unit 110, or the actuator 200 used. If the frequency deviates, for example, from a predefinable value, or the resonant circuit 300 does not oscillate generated, it is assumed that a defect of the controller 100 and / or the actuator 200.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed is a device for controlling an internal combustion engine in which a control device (100) reads data out of a data carrier and/or writes data into said data carrier and uses the same for controlling purposes. The data carrier is assigned to at least one actuator (200) which contains characteristic data. The data is read out of or written into the data carrier by means of a resonant circuit (300) whose components (150, 250) are disposed in the control device (100) and/or a circuit that is allocated to the actuator (200).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Steuerung einer Brennkraftmaschine gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a device for controlling an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Aus der Praxis sind Verfahren und Vorrichtungen zur Steuerung einer Brennkraftmaschine bekannt, bei denen ein Steuergerät Daten aus einem Datenträger ausliest und zur Steuerung verwendet. Dabei ist der Datenträger wenigstens einem Stellglied zugeordnet und beinhaltet Daten, die dieses Stellglied charakterisieren. So weisen beispielsweise Injektoren, die einer Brennkraftmaschine in Abhängigkeit von einem Ansteuersignal Kraftstoff zumessen, einen Datenträger auf, der Korrekturwerte enthält, mit denen Abweichungen innerhalb eines Toleranzbandes der einzelnen Injektoren ausgeglichen werden können. Diese Korrekturdaten werden am Ende der Fertigung des Injektors ermittelt und in den Datenträger eingelesen. Der Datenträger kann auf die unterschiedlichste Art und Weise ausgebildet sein, beispielsweise als Barcode oder als nur lesbares Speicherelement.From practice, methods and devices for controlling an internal combustion engine are known in which a control unit reads data from a data carrier and used for control. In this case, the data carrier is assigned to at least one actuator and includes data that characterize this actuator. Thus, for example, injectors which meter fuel to an internal combustion engine as a function of a drive signal have a data carrier which contains correction values with which deviations within a tolerance band of the individual injectors can be compensated. These correction data are determined at the end of the production of the injector and read into the data carrier. The data carrier can be designed in many different ways, for example as a barcode or as a read-only memory element.

Aus der DE 102 13 349 A1 ist ein System zum Erfassen von Informationen bekannt geworden, bei der eine Einrichtung zum Speichern von Informationen über die Bauteile ein auf dem Bauteil angeordneter Daten-Transponder ist. Die Anordnung des Daten-Transponders direkt auf dem Bauteil weist den Vorteil auf, dass er besonders prozeßsicher ausgelesen werden kann. Insbesondere ist er nicht äußeren Einflüssen, wie ÖI/Schmutz und dergleichen unterworfen. Auch Kontaktprobleme an einer Schnittstelle Bauteil/Lesegerät, die zu Fehlprogrammierungen führen können, sind so ausgeschlossen.From the DE 102 13 349 A1 For example, a system for collecting information has become known in which a device for storing information about the components is a data transponder arranged on the component. The arrangement of the data transponder directly on the component has the advantage that it can be read out particularly reliably. In particular, it is not subject to external influences, such as oil / dirt and the like. Even contact problems on a component / reader interface, which can lead to incorrect programming, are thus excluded.

Die auf dem Datenträger oder der Einrichtung zum Speichern gespeicherten Informationen werden bei der Erstinitialisierung des Steuergeräts eingelesen und im späteren Betrieb zur Steuerung der Brennkraftmaschine verwendet. Die Steuergeräte beinhalten dabei verschiedene Funktionen, die ebenfalls Korrekturwerte ermitteln, die einem Injektor zugeordnet sind. Eine solche Funktion ist beispielsweise die sogenannte Nullmengenkalibrierung. Hierbei werden die Daten üblicherweise lediglich im Steuergerät abgelegt und zur Steuerung der Brennkraftmaschine verwendet.The information stored on the data carrier or the device for storing information is read during the initial initialization of the control unit and used in later operation for controlling the internal combustion engine. The controllers include various functions that also determine correction values associated with an injector. Such a function is, for example, the so-called zero-quantity calibration. Here, the data are usually stored only in the control unit and used to control the internal combustion engine.

Darüber hinaus wird die individuelle Einspritzmenge eines Injektors an mehreren Prüfpunkten erfaßt. Dabei wird die Abweichung der jeweiligen Einspritzmenge vom Sollwert ermittelt. Diese Daten werden bei der Injektorfertigung in geeigneter Form auf dem Injektor angeordnet oder beispielsweise in dem vorerwähnten Transponder gespeichert. Bei der Motormontage und/oder bei der Fahrzeugmontage werden die Daten über geeignete Systeme, beispielsweise über ein Kamerasystem oder mittels einer Diagnoseschnittstelle oder mittels geeigneter Auslesesysteme zum Auslesen von Transpondern übertragen.In addition, the individual injection quantity of an injector is detected at several test points. In this case, the deviation of the respective injection quantity from the desired value is determined. These data are placed in the Injektorfertigung in a suitable form on the injector or stored for example in the aforementioned transponder. During motor assembly and / or during vehicle assembly, the data is transmitted via suitable systems, for example via a camera system or by means of a diagnostic interface or by means of suitable readout systems for reading out transponders.

Bei einem Austausch des Steuergeräts müssen die auf dem Injektor abgelegten oder gespeicherten Daten erneut über die Diagnoseschnittstelle oder das Kamerasystem oder ein anderes Lesesystem eingelesen werden. Die bereits von dem Steuergerät ermittelten sonstigen Korrekturwerte müssen in diesem Falle aus dem alten Steuergerät ausgelesen und ins neue Steuergerät übertragen werden. Hierzu sind wiederum spezifische Funktionen der Diagnoseschnittstelle und/oder des Steuergeräts und/oder eines Servicetesters notwendig. Um den hierbei entstehenden Aufwand zu minimieren, schlägt nun die DE 102 44 091 A1 vor, den Datenträger auf dem Injektor so auszubilden, dass das Steuergerät Daten in den Datenträger einschreibt. Hierdurch ist ein einfacher Tausch des Steuergeräts bei einem Defekt möglich. Von besonderem Vorteil ist, dass eine problemlose Tauschbarkeit von Teilen, insbesondere des Steuergeräts, ohne den Einsatz spezifischer, herstellerabhängiger Werkzeuge oder Tester gegeben ist.If the control unit is replaced, the data stored or stored on the injector must be read in again via the diagnostic interface or the camera system or another reading system. The other correction values already determined by the control unit must in this case be read out of the old control unit and transferred to the new control unit. For this purpose, specific functions of the diagnostic interface and / or the control device and / or a service tester are again necessary. To minimize the resulting effort, now suggests the DE 102 44 091 A1 to form the data carrier on the injector in such a way that the control unit writes data into the data carrier. As a result, a simple exchange of the controller is possible in the event of a defect. It is of particular advantage that problem-free exchangeability of parts, in particular of the control unit, without the use of specific, manufacturer-dependent tools or testers is given.

Der Transponder ist bei dieser Anordnung zur Ermöglichung einer möglichst optimalen Datenübertragung außen an dem Bauteil angeordnet. Aufgrund dieser exponierten Lage besteht nun allerdings die Gefahr der Beschädigung des Transponders, insbesondere wenn es sich bei dem Bauteil um einen Injektor zur Einspritzung von Kraftstoff handelt, der rauhen Einsatzbedingungen ausgesetzt ist.In this arrangement, the transponder is arranged on the outside of the component in order to allow the best possible data transmission. Due to this exposed position, however, there is now the risk of damaging the transponder, in particular if the component is an injector for injecting fuel, which is exposed to harsh operating conditions.

Aus der DE103 12 914 ist ein Kraftstoffeinspritzventil bekannt, das einen mit Kunststoff umspritzten Transponder aufweist.From the DE10312914 a fuel injection valve is known which has a molded plastic transponder.

Darüber hinaus erfordert ein solches System eine Antenne, mittels der die Daten aus dem Transponder ausgelesen werden. Hierdurch sind ein zusätzliches Bauteil und Zuleitungen zu diesem Bauteil erforderlich, welche einen zusätzlichen Montageaufwand und zusätzliche Kosten verursachen. Schließlich kann auch die Antenne selbst Störungen unterworfen sein, die das Auslesen der Daten beeinträchtigen.In addition, such a system requires an antenna by means of which the data is read from the transponder. As a result, an additional component and leads to this component are required, which cause additional installation costs and additional costs. Finally, even the antenna itself may be subject to interference that interferes with the reading of the data.

Die US 6, 418,913 beschreibt eine Vorrichtung zur Steuerung einer Brennkraftmaschine, bei der ein Steuergerät Daten aus einem Datenträger ausliest und zur Steuerung verwendet. Der Datenträger ist wenigstens einem Stellglied zugeordnet und beinhaltet diese stellgliedcharakterisierende Daten. Das Auslesen der Daten aus dem Datenträger erfolgt mittels eines Schwingkreises, dessen Komponenten in einer dem Stellglied zugeordneten Schaltung angeordnet sind.The US 6,418,913 describes a device for controlling an internal combustion engine, in which a control unit reads data from a data carrier and used for control. The data carrier is assigned to at least one actuator and includes this actuator characteristic data. The data is read from the data carrier by means of a resonant circuit whose components are arranged in a circuit associated with the actuator.

Es ist des weiteren auch bekannt, elektronische Bauelemente in einen Steckverbinder des Injektors zu integrieren. Die Werte dieser Bauelemente dienen in diesem Falle der Klassifizierung des Injektors. Die elektrischen Werte werden durch Schaltungen im Steuergerät oder in einem Programmiergerät ausgelesen. Nachteilig hierbei ist, dass wenigstens ein zusätzlicher Steckeranschlußpin erforderlich ist, um die eigentliche Funktion des Injektors nicht nachteilig zu beeinträchtigen.It is also known to integrate electronic components in a connector of the injector. The values of these components serve in this case the classification of the injector. The electrical values are read out by means of circuits in the control unit or in a programming device. The disadvantage here is that at least one additional connector pin is required to not adversely affect the actual function of the injector.

Der Erfindung liegt nun die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung zur Steuerung einer Brennkraftmaschine dahingehend weiter zu vereinfachen, dass bei geringstem Montageaufwand eine störungssichere bidirektionale Datenübertragung zwischen dem Steuergerät und dem Stellglied, beispielsweise einem Injektor zur Einspritzung von Kraftstoff in den Brennraum einer Brennkraftmaschine, ermöglicht wird.The invention is based on the object to further simplify a device for controlling an internal combustion engine, that with minimal installation effort a fail-safe bidirectional data transmission between the controller and the actuator, such as an injector for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine is possible.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Vorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by a device having the features of claim 1.

Grundidee der Erfindung ist es, eine bidirektionale Datenübertragung zwischen einem Steuergerät und einem Stellglied, beispielsweise einem Injektor zur Kraftstoffeinspritzung, durch einen elektrischen Schwingkreis vorzunehmen, wobei die Komponenten des Schwingkreises, Induktivitäten, Kapazitäten und dergleichen, in dem Steuergerät und/oder in dem Stellglied angeordnet sind, also beispielsweise nur in dem Steuergerät oder nur in dem Stellglied oder auch verteilt auf das Steuergerät und das Stellglied angeordnet sind. Insbesondere ist hierdurch eine Übertragung der Daten über Eigenschaften des Injektors oder anderer Daten, die in Datenspeicherelementen des Injektors gespeichert sind, zu dem Steuergerät und umgekehrt eine Übertragung von Daten vom Steuergerät zu den Datenspeicherelementen des Injektors auf optimale Weise realisierbar.The basic idea of the invention is to carry out a bidirectional data transmission between a control device and an actuator, for example an injector for fuel injection, by means of an electrical oscillating circuit, wherein the components of the Resonant circuit, inductors, capacitors and the like, are arranged in the control unit and / or in the actuator, so for example, only in the control unit or only in the actuator or distributed to the control unit and the actuator are arranged. In particular, this is a transmission of data on properties of the injector or other data stored in data storage elements of the injector to the controller and conversely, a transfer of data from the controller to the data storage elements of the injector in an optimal manner feasible.

Besonders vorteilhaft dabei ist, dass der Schwingkreis ein moduliertes Wechselspannungssignal mit wenigstens zwei diskreten Frequenzen erzeugt, das über Versorgungsleitungen des Stellglieds übertragen wird. Hierdurch sind keine zusätzlichen Datenleitungen, Steckerpins oder dergleichen erforderlich. Die Datenübertragung erfolgt vielmehr sehr vorteilhaft über die Versorgungsleitungen beispielsweise des Injektors zur Kraftstoffeinspritzung.It is particularly advantageous that the resonant circuit generates a modulated AC signal having at least two discrete frequencies, which is transmitted via supply lines of the actuator. As a result, no additional data lines, connector pins or the like are required. The data transmission is rather very advantageous over the supply lines, for example, the injector for fuel injection.

Die Übertragung der Daten erfolgt dabei mittels Modulation eines Wechselspannungssignals. Die Modulation des Wechselspannungssignals erfolgt durch eine Frequenzmodulation.The transmission of the data takes place by means of modulation of an alternating voltage signal. The modulation of the alternating voltage signal is effected by a frequency modulation.

Wenn mehrere Stellglieder, d.h. beispielsweise mehrere Injektoren, mit einem gemeinsamen Signalpfad mit dem Steuergerät verbunden sind, kann das Wechselspannungssignal zusätzlich Auswahlelemente aufweisen, durch welche Auswahlschaltungen in den Injektoren' angesprochen werden. Desgleichen können in den von den Injektoren ausgesandten Datenübertragungssignaien Kennungen wie zum Beispiel Seriennummern oder dergleichen enthalten sein.If several actuators, i. For example, several injectors are connected to a common signal path to the controller, the AC signal may additionally comprise selection elements, are addressed by which selection circuits in the injectors'. Likewise, identifiers such as serial numbers or the like may be included in the data transmission signals emitted by the injectors.

Sind die Stellglieder, beispielsweise Injektoren, an einem ihrer Pole elektrisch verbunden und werden die jeweils anderen Pole auf Schalterelemente innerhalb oder außerhalb des Steuergeräts - beispielsweise in ausgelagerten Endstufen - geführt, so kann eine Auswahl des Stellglieds, mit dem eine Datenkommunikation erfolgen soll, durch diese Schaltelemente oder parallel dazu angeordnete andere Schaltelemente vorgenommen werden.If the actuators, for example injectors, are electrically connected to one of their poles and if the respective other poles are guided on switch elements inside or outside the control device-for example in paged out amplifiers-then a selection of the actuator with which data communication is to take place can be effected Switching elements or parallel arranged other switching elements are made.

Darüber hinaus sind Schaltungsanordnungen vorgesehen, die Gleichrichteffekte weitestgehend verhindern. In vielen Fällen weisen die Steuergeräte Endstufentopologien auf, die eine oder mehrere Freilaufdioden zur Realisierung langsamer und/oder schneller Freiläufe der Energie des Magnetfeldes des oder der Stellglieder zum Zwecke der Stromregelung oder der Energierückgewinnung aufweisen. Auch wirken parasitäre antiparallele Dioden bei einigen Transistortypen, wie z.B. Mosfet's, oder zusätzlich vorhandene diskrete antiparallele Dioden bei Schaltungen mit IGBTs (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors) für die verwendeten sinusförmigen Wechselspannungssignale, die meistens im Hochfrequenzbereich liegen, als Gleichrichter und verformen in ungünstiger Weise den Kurvenverlauf der Signale. Dies kann zu Fehlfunktionen und zur Aussendung unerwünschter Hochfrequenzstörungen aufgrund der in nicht sinusförmigen Signalen enthaltenen Oberwellen führen. Die Schaltungen zur Vermeidung dieser Gleichrichteffekte können beispielsweise dadurch realisiert werden, daß die vorerwähnten Diodenstrecken gezielt mit einer für das Signal ausreichenden Vorspannung in Sperrichtung betrieben werden. Diese Vorspannung kann ratiometrisch zur Gesamtversorgungsspannung erzeugt werden, so daß die Signalamplitude zur Verbesserung der Datenübertragungssicherheit und zur Sicherstellung der weiter unten noch näher beschriebenen Energieübertragung zur Stromversorgungsaufbereitung für die Schaltungsanordnung im Stellglied einen ausreichend großen Wert erreichen kann.In addition, circuit arrangements are provided which largely prevent rectifier effects. In many cases, the controllers have final stage topologies that include one or more freewheeling diodes for realizing slow and / or fast freewheels of the magnetic field energy of the actuator (s) for the purpose of current regulation or energy recovery. Also, parasitic antiparallel diodes act on some types of transistors, e.g. Mosfet's, or additionally present discrete antiparallel diodes in circuits with IGBTs (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors) for the sinusoidal AC signals used, which are usually in the high frequency range, as a rectifier and deform unfavorably the waveform of the signals. This can lead to malfunction and the emission of unwanted radio frequency interference due to the harmonics contained in non-sinusoidal signals. The circuits for avoiding these rectifier effects can be realized, for example, that the aforementioned diode lines are selectively operated with a sufficient bias for the signal in the reverse direction. This bias can be ratiometrically generated to the total supply voltage, so that the signal amplitude to improve the data transmission security and to ensure the energy transfer described in more detail below for power conditioning for the circuitry in the actuator can reach a sufficiently large value.

Bevorzugt erfolgt die Datenübertragung in Zeiten, während der beispielsweise bei einem Injektor keine Einspritzvorgänge stattfinden. Möglich ist es aber auch, die Datenübertragung vorzunehmen, wenn eine ausreichend lange Zeit im wesentlichen konstante Ansteuersignale existieren. Auf diese Weise wird während der Datenübertragung die Funktion des Stellglieds, beispielsweise des Injektors, nicht beeinträchtigt. Es entstehen auch keine elektromagnetischen Störungen, die gesetzliche Grenzwerte überschreiten könnten. Hierdurch wird sehr vorteilhaft auch ein versehentliches Einschalten des als Verbraucher wirkenden Stellglieds ausgeschlossen.Preferably, the data transmission takes place in times during which no injections take place, for example, in the case of an injector. But it is also possible to carry out the data transmission when a sufficiently long time substantially constant drive signals exist. In this way, the function of the actuator, such as the injector, is not affected during data transmission. There are also no electromagnetic interference that could exceed legal limits. As a result, an accidental switching on the actuator acting as a consumer is very advantageous excluded.

Die Komponenten des Schwingkreises sind vorzugsweise abhängig von den verwendeten Stellgliedern im Steuergerät bzw. in der dem Stellglied zugeordneten Schaltung angeordnet. Die Teilschaltungen des Schwingkreises können dabei kapazitiv und/oder über elektronische oder elektromechanische Schalter an vorhandene Endstufenschaltungen des Steuergeräts angekoppelt werden. Hierdurch wird die Funktionsweise der Endstufe und des Stellglieds, beispielsweise des Injektors zur Kraflatoffeinspritzung, nicht beeinträchtigt.The components of the resonant circuit are preferably arranged depending on the actuators used in the control unit or in the circuit associated with the actuator. The subcircuits of the resonant circuit can be capacitive and / or electronic or electromechanical switch to existing power amplifier circuits of the Controller are coupled. As a result, the operation of the power amplifier and the actuator, such as the injector for Kraflatoffeinspritzung not impaired.

Möglich ist es auch, für die Datenübertragung im einfachsten Falle zwei diskrete Sinusfrequenzen zu verwenden oder eine Ein-Aus-Tastung des Oszillators zu nutzen. Ebenfalls ist bei einer vorteilhaften Ausfdhrungsforrn eine Datenübertragung nach dem sogenannten "Frequency Hopping"-Verfahren möglich. Dabei werden wenigstens zwei diskrete Frequenzen gemäß einem Übertragungsprotokoll fest oder dynamisch genutzt. Die Auswerteschaltungen müssen in diesem Fall lediglich das Vorhandensein der sich im Rhythmus der Datenübertragung ändernden zwei oder mehr Frequenzen oder die Ein-Aus-Tastung einer Frequenz auswerten.It is also possible to use for the data transmission in the simplest case, two discrete sine frequencies or to use an on-off keying of the oscillator. Likewise, in an advantageous embodiment, data transmission according to the so-called "frequency hopping" method is possible. At least two discrete frequencies are used fixedly or dynamically according to a transmission protocol. The evaluation circuits in this case only have to evaluate the presence of the two or more frequencies changing in the rhythm of the data transmission or the on-off keying of a frequency.

Da das Stellglied zusammen mit anderen elektronischen Elementen in der Regel einen Schwingkreis mit einer sehr geringen Güte bildet, ist eine Datenübertragung durch Frequenzmodulation, speziell das Springen zwischen zwei Frequenzen besonders vorteilhaft, da hierfür nur eine einfache und kostengünstige Schaltungsanordnung mit einem nur geringen Energieaufwand erforderlich ist.Since the actuator together with other electronic elements usually forms a resonant circuit with a very low quality, a data transmission by frequency modulation, especially jumping between two frequencies is particularly advantageous since this only a simple and inexpensive circuit arrangement with only a small amount of energy is required ,

Rein prinzipiell kann die Datenübertragung auf die unterschiedlichsten Typen von Stellgliedern erfolgen, die induktive, kapazitive oder ohm'sche Verbraucher sind. Bei einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsforrn, bei dem das Stellglied ein Injektor mit einem piezoelektrischen Aktor ist, ist vorgesehen, daß die Kapazität des Aktors selbst eine Komponente des Schwingkreises bildet, wobei in diesem Falle die Induktivität dieses Schwingkreises im Steuergerät angeordnet ist.In principle, the data transmission can be carried out on a wide variety of types of actuators, which are inductive, capacitive or ohmic consumers. In an advantageous Ausführungsforrn, wherein the actuator is an injector with a piezoelectric actuator, it is provided that the capacitance of the actuator itself forms a component of the resonant circuit, in which case the inductance of this resonant circuit is arranged in the control unit.

Insbesondere dann, wenn das Stellglied ein Injektor ist, der ein Magnetventil aufweist, kann eine Induktivität dieses Magnetkreises eine Komponente des Schwingkreises bilden. Die Kapazitäten des Schwingkreises sind bei diesem Ausfiihrungsbeispiel im Steuergerät und/oder im Verbraucher angeordnet.In particular, when the actuator is an injector having a solenoid valve, an inductance of this magnetic circuit can form a component of the resonant circuit. The capacitances of the resonant circuit are arranged in this exemplary embodiment in the control unit and / or in the load.

Für den Fall, daß das Stellglied ein ohm'scher Verbraucher ist, sind zur Realisierung eines Schwingkreises eine Zusatzinduktivität, die vorzugsweise im Steuergerät angeordnet ist, und eine Kapazität, die vorzugsweise im Verbraucher angeordnet ist, erforderlich.In the event that the actuator is an ohmic consumer, an additional inductance, which is preferably arranged in the control unit, and a capacitance, which is preferably arranged in the consumer, are required for the realization of a resonant circuit.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, daß neben der Datenübertragung auch eine Energieversorgung der dem Stellglied zugeordneten Schaltung und der Komponenten des Oszillators durch das Wechselspannungssignal realisierbar ist. Dies geschieht durch Gleichrichtung des Wechselspannungssignals. Vorzugsweise wird das Wechselspannungssignal zur optimalen Energieversorgung auf einen gleichmäßigen Pegel unmittelbar unterhalb der Ansprechschwelle des Stellglieds gelegt. Darüber hinaus können Schaltungsanordnungen in dem Stellglied vorgesehen sein, die das gleichgerichtete Wechselspannungssignal verstärken. Solche Schaltungsanordnungen sind immer dann erforderlich, wenn die Spannung durch einfache Gleichrichtung nicht ausreicht, um die Datenübertragungsschaltung und andere Schaltungen, wie z.B. einen Mikrocontroller zur Datenverarbeitung, Datenspeicherung und Steuerung der Datenübertragung im Verbraucher zu versorgen. Die Vergrößerung des Spannungswerts kann dabei mittels Spannungsvervielfachung, beispielsweise passiv mittels Dioden oder aktiv mit gesteuerten aktiven Schaltern erfolgen. Darüber hinaus kann auch ein Transformator zur Vergrößerung der Spannung vorgesehen sein. In diesem Falle bildet die Induktivität des Transformators einen Bestandteil der Gesamtinduktivität des Schwingkreises und beeinflußt dessen Frequenz.It is particularly advantageous that in addition to the data transmission and a power supply of the actuator associated circuit and the components of the oscillator by the AC signal is feasible. This is done by rectifying the AC signal. Preferably, the AC signal for optimal power supply is set to a uniform level immediately below the threshold of the actuator. In addition, circuitry may be provided in the actuator that amplifies the rectified AC signal. Such circuitry is required whenever the voltage is not sufficient by simple rectification to drive the data transfer circuitry and other circuitry, such as, e.g. to provide a microcontroller for data processing, data storage and control of data transmission in the consumer. The increase of the voltage value can be done by means of voltage multiplication, for example passively by means of diodes or actively with controlled active switches. In addition, a transformer can be provided to increase the voltage. In this case, the inductance of the transformer forms part of the total inductance of the resonant circuit and affects its frequency.

Die Frequenz des Schwingkreises und/oder die Fähigkeit des Schwingkreises eine Schwingung zu erzeugen kann sehr vorteilhaft auch zur Diagnose der Funktionsfähigkeit des Steuergeräts, insbesondere einer Endstufe des Steuergeräts und/oder des Stellglieds genutzt werden.The frequency of the resonant circuit and / or the ability of the resonant circuit to generate a vibration can be used very advantageously for diagnosing the functionality of the controller, in particular an output stage of the controller and / or the actuator.

Weitere Vorteile und Merkmale der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der nachfolgenden Beschreibung sowie der zeichnerischen Darstellung eines Ausführungsbeispiels.Further advantages and features of the invention are the subject of the following description and the drawings of an embodiment.

Zeichnungdrawing

In der Figur ist schematisch ein Blockdiagramm einer von der Erfindung Gebrauch machenden Vorrichtung dargestellt.The figure shows schematically a block diagram of a device making use of the invention.

Beschreibung eines AusführungsbeispielsDescription of an embodiment

Eine Vorrichtung zur Steuerung einer Brennkraftmaschine, dargestellt in der Figur, weist ein Steuergerät 100 auf. Das Steuergerät 100 beinhaltet eine Steuereinheit 110, welche wiederum mehrere Funktionen beinhaltet. Diese sind unter anderem eine sogenannte Mengenausgleichsregelung 112 und/oder eine Nullmengenkalibrierung 114. Die Steuereinheit ist über Versorgungsleitungen 130, 140 mit einem Stellglied 200 verbunden.An apparatus for controlling an internal combustion engine, shown in the figure, has a control unit 100. The control unit 100 includes a control unit 110, which in turn includes several functions. These are inter alia a so-called quantity compensation control 112 and / or a zero quantity calibration 114. The control unit is connected via supply lines 130, 140 to an actuator 200.

Zur Übertragung von Daten wie auch von Energie von dem Steuergerät 100 zu dem Stellglied 200 und umgekehrt ist ein Schwingkreis 300 vorgesehen, dessen Komponenten auf das Steuergerät 100 und das Stellglied 200 verteilt sind. So sind im Steuergerät 100 eine erste Komponente 150 und in dem Stellglied 200 eine zweite Komponente 250 des Schwingkreises 300 angeordnet. Die erste Komponente 150 im Steuergerät 100 kann beispielsweise durch eine Kapazität und/oder Induktivität gebildet sein. Die zweite Komponente 250 im Stellglied 200 kann in entsprechender Weise durch eine Induktivität bzw. Kapazität oder auch durch eine ohm'sche Last realisiert sein. Die Datenübertragung erfolgt zu einer Schaltung 260 in dem Stellglied 200, welche die übertragenen Daten speichert und/oder verarbeitet. Die Datenübertragung erfolgt durch modulierte Wechselspannungssignale, wobei mehrere verschiedene Modulationsarten zum Einsatz kommen können. Eine einfach zu erzeugende und auszuwertende Modulationsart ist die Frequenzmodulation.For transmitting data as well as energy from the control unit 100 to the actuator 200 and vice versa, a resonant circuit 300 is provided whose components are distributed to the control unit 100 and the actuator 200. Thus, a first component 150 and in the actuator 200, a second component 250 of the resonant circuit 300 are arranged in the control unit 100. The first component 150 in the control unit 100 may be formed for example by a capacitance and / or inductance. The second component 250 in the actuator 200 can be realized in a corresponding manner by an inductance or capacitance or by an ohmic load. The data transmission takes place to a circuit 260 in the actuator 200, which stores and / or processes the transmitted data. The data transmission takes place by means of modulated AC voltage signals, wherein several different types of modulation can be used. An easily generated and evaluated modulation type is the frequency modulation.

Für die Datenübertragung werden im einfachsten Falle zwei diskrete Sinusfrequenzen verwendet, oder es wird eine Ein-Aus-Tastung des Oszillators 300 genutzt. Darüber hinaus ist eine Datenübertragung nach dem sogenannten "Frequency Hopping"-Verfahren möglich. Dabei werden wenigstens zwei diskrete Frequenzen gemäß einem Übertragungsprotokoll fest oder dynamisch genutzt. Die Auswerteschaltungen müssen in diesem Falle lediglich das Vorhandensein der den Rhythmus der Datenübertragung ändernden zwei oder mehr Frequenzen oder die Ein-Aus-Tastung einer Frequenz auswerten.In the simplest case, two discrete sine frequencies are used for the data transmission, or one on-off sampling of the oscillator 300 is used. In addition, a data transmission according to the so-called "frequency hopping" method is possible. At least two discrete frequencies are used fixedly or dynamically according to a transmission protocol. The evaluation circuits in this case only have to evaluate the presence of the two or more frequencies changing the rhythm of the data transmission or the on-off keying of a frequency.

Besonders vorteilhaft hat sich in Versuchen die Frequenzmodulation, insbesondere das Springen zwischen zwei Frequenzen erwiesen. Da der Schwingkreis 300 im allgemeinen eine geringe Güte aufweist, ermöglicht die Frequenzmodulation einen geringen Energieaufwand und eine einfache und kostengünstige Schaltungsanordnung. Zur Erzeugung der Frequenzmodulation wird eine Reaktanz, vorzugsweise ein Kondensator mittels eines elektronischen Schalters parallel zu dem Schwingkreis 300 in dem Steuergerät 100 oder dem Stellglied 200 geschaltet (nicht dargestellt).The frequency modulation, in particular the jumping between two frequencies, has proven particularly advantageous in experiments. Since resonant circuit 300 is generally low in quality, frequency modulation allows for low energy consumption and simple and inexpensive circuitry. To generate the frequency modulation, a reactance, preferably a capacitor, is connected in parallel to the resonant circuit 300 in the control device 100 or the actuator 200 by means of an electronic switch (not shown).

Die Auswertung der Frequenzänderungen erfolgt mittels Frequenzdiskriminatoren, die Teil der Schaltung 260 sind, mittels Auszählen der Zeiten zwischen Nulldurchgängen oder Überschreiten vorgebbarer Schwellen im Signal. Insbesondere kann die Schaltung 260 einen Mikrocontroller aufweisen. Entsprechendes trifft auch auf die Steuereinheit 110 zu. Dabei kann vorgesehen sein, daß die Steuereinheit 110 die ausgesandten Daten gleichzeitig wieder demoduliert, also empfängt, um eine Information über die Güte der gesendeten Information zu erhalten.The evaluation of the frequency changes takes place by means of frequency discriminators, which are part of the circuit 260, by counting the times between zero crossings or exceeding specifiable thresholds in the signal. In particular, the circuit 260 may include a microcontroller. The same applies to the control unit 110 too. It can be provided that the control unit 110 simultaneously demodulates the transmitted data again, that is, receives to obtain information about the quality of the transmitted information.

Darüber hinaus kann vorgesehen sein, daß die Steuerschaltung 260 die empfangenen Daten oder andere Informationen, wie beispielsweise Quersummen oder dergleichen, an die Steuereinheit 110 zurücksendet, um dem Steuergerät 100 so Informationen über den bidirektionalen Übertragungsweg zu geben. Besteht nämlich keine Möglichkeit, eine Datenübertragung zu dem Stellglied 200 aufzubauen, insbesondere wenn der Oszillator 300 nicht in der Lage ist, ein schwingungsfähiges Gebilde zu bilden oder massive Frequenzfehler auftreten, kann darauf geschlossen werden, daß das Stellglied 200 einen Fehler aufweist. Damit ist auch eine indirekte Erfassung von Fehlern des Stellglieds 200 möglich.In addition, it may be provided that the control circuit 260 sends the received data or other information, such as checksums or the like, back to the control unit 110 so as to give the control unit 100 information about the bidirectional transmission path. Namely, if there is no possibility to establish a data transmission to the actuator 200, in particular if the oscillator 300 is unable to form a vibratory structure or massive frequency errors occur, it can be concluded that the actuator 200 has an error. Thus, an indirect detection of errors of the actuator 200 is possible.

Von besonderem Vorteil ist, daß das Wechselspannungssignal auch zur Energieversorgung der in dem Stellglied 200 angeordneten Komponenten 250 des Oszillators 300 wie auch der dem Stellglied 200 zugeordneten Schaltung 260 vorgesehen sein kann. Hierzu wird das Wechselspannungssignal in geeigneter Weise gleichgerichtet und gegebenenfalls verstärkt. Die Schaltung zur Gleichrichtung und Verstärkung 270 ist beispielsweise - wie dargestellt - Teil der Schaltung 260.It is particularly advantageous that the alternating voltage signal can also be provided for supplying power to the components 250 of the oscillator 300 arranged in the actuator 200 as well as to the circuit 260 associated with the actuator 200. For this purpose, the AC signal is rectified in a suitable manner and optionally amplified. For example, as shown, the rectification and gain circuit 270 is part of the circuit 260.

Es kann auch vorgesehen sein, die Komponente 150 des Oszillators 300 beispielsweise kapazitiv und/oder über elektronische oder elektromechanische Schalter an vorhandene Endstufenschaltungen der Steuereinheit 110 anzukoppeln (nicht dargestellt). Hierdurch ist sichergestellt, daß die normale Funktion der Endstufe und des Stellglieds 200 nicht beeinträchtigt wird.It can also be provided to couple the component 150 of the oscillator 300 capacitively and / or via electronic or electromechanical switches to existing output stage circuits of the control unit 110 (not shown), for example. This ensures that the normal function of the final stage and the actuator 200 is not affected.

Zur Vermeidung von Gleichrichteffekten an ausgeschalteten Halbleitern der Endstufe des Steuergeräts 100 können auf an sich bekannte Weise Hilfsstromquellen oder Pull-up-Widerstände in Sperrichtung vorgesehen sein, die eine Vorspannung erzeugen. Diese Vorspannung wird gleichzeitig bei Stellgliedern, welche piezoelektrische Verbraucher aufweisen, genutzt, um zu verhindern, daß deren Piezokeramiken umformiert werden.In order to avoid rectifying effects on switched-off semiconductors of the output stage of the control device 100, auxiliary current sources or reverse pull-up resistors can be provided in a known manner, which generate a bias voltage. This bias is used simultaneously in actuators having piezoelectric consumers, to prevent their piezoceramics are reformed.

Das erzeugte Wechselspannungssignal ist ein oberwellenarmes Sinussignal. Die Frequenz bzw. die bei der Modulation entstehenden Frequenzen werden in einen Frequenzbereich gelegt, der außerhalb von möglichen störbaren Rundfunk- oder Datenübertragungsfrequenzbändem liegt. Als möglicher Frequenzbereich kommt der Bereich von 100 KHz bis 140 KHz in Frage. Der Bereich liegt unterhalb des deutschen Langwellenbereichs und oberhalb des Zeitzeichensenders Mainflingen. Auch andere Frequenzbereiche sind denkbar. Diese werden an die Stellglieder angepaßt. Hervorzuheben ist, daß die Frequenzen nicht sehr stabil gehalten werden müssen. Sie müssen lediglich innerhalb der vorgegebenen Grenzen des zur Verfügung stehenden Frequenzbandes liegen. Aus diesem Grunde können die Kapazitäten des Schwingkreises 300 durch preiswerte keramische Kondensatoren mit einer Toleranz von ± 10 % realisiert werden.The generated AC signal is a harmonic sine wave signal. The frequency or the frequencies resulting from the modulation are placed in a frequency range which is outside of possible interfering radio or Datenübertragungsfrequenzbändem. As a possible frequency range, the range of 100 KHz to 140 KHz in question. The area lies below the German long-wave range and above the time signal transmitter Mainflingen. Other frequency ranges are conceivable. These are adapted to the actuators. It should be emphasized that the frequencies do not have to be kept very stable. They merely have to lie within the specified limits of the available frequency band. For this reason, the capacities of the resonant circuit 300 can be realized by inexpensive ceramic capacitors with a tolerance of ± 10%.

Die vorbeschriebene Vorrichtung zur bidirektionalen Übertragung von Daten von dem Steuergerät 100 zu dem Stellglied 200 kann darüber hinaus auch zu einer Diagnose des Stellglieds 200, insbesondere zu einer Diagnose einer Endstufe des Stellglieds, die Teil der Steuereinheit 110 ist, und/oder des Stellglieds 200 verwendet werden. Hierzu wird die Frequenz des Schwingkreises 300 in der Steuereinheit 110 ausgewertet und/oder die Fähigkeit des Schwingkreises 300, eine Schwingung zu erzeugen zur Diagnose der Funktionsfähigkeit der Steuereinheit 110, insbesondere einer Endstufe, die Teil dieser Steuereinheit 110 ist, oder des Stellglieds 200 herangezogen. Wenn die Frequenz beispielsweise von einem vorgebbaren Wert abweicht oder der Schwingkreis 300 keine Schwingungen erzeugt, wird dabei von einem Defekt des Steuergeräts 100 und/oder des Stellglieds 200 ausgegangen.The device described above for the bidirectional transmission of data from the control unit 100 to the actuator 200 may also be used for a diagnosis of the actuator 200, in particular for a diagnosis of a final stage of the actuator, which is part of the control unit 110, and / or the actuator 200 become. For this purpose, the frequency of the resonant circuit 300 in the control unit 110 is evaluated and / or the ability of the resonant circuit 300 to generate a vibration for diagnosing the functionality of the control unit 110, in particular an output stage, which is part of this control unit 110, or the actuator 200 used. If the frequency deviates, for example, from a predefinable value, or the resonant circuit 300 does not oscillate generated, it is assumed that a defect of the controller 100 and / or the actuator 200.

Claims (10)

  1. Device for controlling an internal combustion engine, in which a control unit (100) reads data out from a data carrier and/or writes it into this data carrier and is used for control, wherein the data carrier is assigned to at least one actuator (200), and this actuator (200) contains characterizing data, characterized in that the reading-out of the data from the data carrier or the writing of the data into the data carrier is done by means of an oscillatory circuit (300) whose components (150, 250) are arranged in the control unit (100) and/or in a circuit assigned to the actuator (200), wherein the oscillatory circuit (300) generates a modulated alternating voltage signal which is transmitted via supply lines (120, 140) of the actuator (200) and which has at least two discrete frequencies.
  2. Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the alternating voltage signal is modulated by means of frequency modulation.
  3. Device according to Claim 2, characterized in that the transmission of data is carried out by means of frequency hopping.
  4. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a circuit (260) which is assigned to the actuator (200) is supplied with power by the alternating voltage signal.
  5. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuator (200) is an injector for injecting fuel into the internal combustion engine.
  6. Device according to Claim 5, characterized in that the injector has a piezo-electric actuator which forms a capacitor of the oscillatory circuit (300) whose inductor is arranged in the control unit (100) and/or in the actuator (200).
  7. Device according to Claim 5, characterized in that the injector has a solenoid valve which forms an inductor of the oscillatory circuit (300) whose capacitors are arranged in the control unit (100) and/or in the actuator (200).
  8. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the actuator (200) is an ohmic load which, together with a capacitor which is preferably arranged in the load and an inductor which is preferably arranged in the control unit (100), forms an oscillatory circuit (300).
  9. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the components (150, 250) which form the oscillatory circuit (300) form a freely oscillating oscillator.
  10. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the frequency of the oscillatory circuit and/or the capability of the oscillatory circuit (300) to generate an oscillation are evaluated in the control unit (110) in order to diagnose the functional capability of the control unit (100) and/or of the actuator (200).
EP05850088A 2005-01-12 2005-12-12 Device for controlling an internal combustion engine Expired - Fee Related EP1838956B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005001425A DE102005001425A1 (en) 2005-01-12 2005-01-12 Device for controlling an internal combustion engine
PCT/EP2005/056666 WO2006074846A1 (en) 2005-01-12 2005-12-12 Device for controlling an internal combustion engine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1838956A1 EP1838956A1 (en) 2007-10-03
EP1838956B1 true EP1838956B1 (en) 2009-02-11

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05850088A Expired - Fee Related EP1838956B1 (en) 2005-01-12 2005-12-12 Device for controlling an internal combustion engine

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US20080255747A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1838956B1 (en)
CN (1) CN100529371C (en)
DE (2) DE102005001425A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2006074846A1 (en)

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EP2325465A1 (en) * 2009-11-24 2011-05-25 Delphi Technologies Holding S.à.r.l. Fuel injector communication system
US9306723B2 (en) 2010-02-20 2016-04-05 Google Technology Holdings LLC Multi-carrier control signaling in wireless communication system
DE102015104107B4 (en) * 2014-03-20 2019-12-05 GM Global Technology Operations LLC (n. d. Ges. d. Staates Delaware) ACTUATOR WITH INTEGRATED DRIVER
KR101619633B1 (en) 2014-11-06 2016-05-11 현대오트론 주식회사 Wave signal output device and method for driving a solenoid valve

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN101099035A (en) 2008-01-02
DE502005006630D1 (en) 2009-03-26
CN100529371C (en) 2009-08-19
WO2006074846A1 (en) 2006-07-20
EP1838956A1 (en) 2007-10-03
US20080255747A1 (en) 2008-10-16
DE102005001425A1 (en) 2006-07-20

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