EP1838472B1 - Method of shaping an open end of a metal tubular body - Google Patents
Method of shaping an open end of a metal tubular body Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1838472B1 EP1838472B1 EP06700148A EP06700148A EP1838472B1 EP 1838472 B1 EP1838472 B1 EP 1838472B1 EP 06700148 A EP06700148 A EP 06700148A EP 06700148 A EP06700148 A EP 06700148A EP 1838472 B1 EP1838472 B1 EP 1838472B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- diameter
- tubular body
- open end
- tube
- mouth
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- IZEKFCXSFNUWAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipyridamole Chemical compound C=12N=C(N(CCO)CCO)N=C(N3CCCCC3)C2=NC(N(CCO)CCO)=NC=1N1CCCCC1 IZEKFCXSFNUWAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 208000031872 Body Remains Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D41/00—Application of procedures in order to alter the diameter of tube ends
- B21D41/02—Enlarging
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D51/00—Making hollow objects
- B21D51/16—Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects
- B21D51/26—Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects cans or tins; Closing same in a permanent manner
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of shaping metal tubular closures or can bodies such that the open end of the tube is formed into a flared shape.
- it relates to the shaping of a metal closure or can body in which the side wall height is greater than the diameter of the open end(s) and/or end wall.
- metal closures or can bodies from such easily worked materials as aluminium. These are typically formed from a flat sheet of relatively thin metal which may be shaped by means of one. Or a series of, die or spin-flanging tools such that the finished product is tubular with one axial end closed integrally and with the other end open.
- the finished product is then typically rolled onto a bottle neck so that threads are formed in the sides of the closure corresponding to the threads on the bottle neck.
- the tubular nature of these products is such that the diameter of the end of the tube is substantially the same as the closed end.
- a flange is formed at the axially distal open end of the can body by means of die or spin flanging tools.
- the flange acts as a feature for connecting the lid to the body for sealing proposes and is therefore typically oriented perpendicularly to the axial length of the can body.
- the flange is created by stretching and bending part of the can wall.
- a prior art closure having a flared sidewall is disclosed in DE-A-28 29 755 .
- the invention provides a method of shaping on open end of a metal tubular body into a flared shape so that the diameter of the tubular body increases gradually from a point axially spaced from the mouth at the open end of the tubular body towards the said mouth itself, the method being characterised by comprising the steps of:
- An advantage of this method is that splitting of the metal is avoided by the expansion of the overall desired axial length taking place in stages. Further, by increasing the open end to the desired diameter in one step, rather than in more than one step, there is less change of work-hardening of the metal which may cause splitting.
- the flare may be formed either straight or curved, which has advantages in matching the profiles of containers, in the case of closures. Further embodiments are disclosed in the dependent claims attached hereto.
- a tube of metal 10 is shown in perspective on the left with substantially cylindrical sidewalls. This could be a food or drink can body.
- the middle drawing also in perspective, shows this came can body with flanges 12 formed at both ends.
- the drawing on the right is an enlarged view of one of flanges 12 seen in cross-section.
- the flange 12 is formed such that the distance of the end of the flange from the wall of the tube 'D' is substantially equal to the axial length of can wall which has been stretched. Further, this flange lies substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the can body 10.
- the greatest value for 'D', at which no splitting of the metal occurs, is known to be approximately 3mm with typical food or drink cons in which the call wall is comparatively thin (less than 1 mm).
- the can body could be formed from one sheet of metal so that the can body has on integral closed end and an open opposite end.
- Figure 2 shows a cross section of a typical metal closure 20.
- the closure has a closed end 22 and has a milling 24 formed at one end to increase grip.
- the walls 26 of the closure extend axially away from the closed end 22 and terminate at a mouth 25 at an open end. In some instances part of the walls 26 of the closure 20 have already been shaped such as bulge 28.
- the mouth 25 at the open end of the closure 20 is expanded outwards so as to form flange 30.
- the tool 80 is inserted inside the body of the closure 20 until the axial end of the walls 26 butt up against the curved stop 81 of the tool. Further respective movement of the tool 80 and closure 20 forces the open end of the tube outwards so that it conforms to the shape of the tool.
- the next step of the method is to use a subsequent forming tool, for instance the one shown in Figure 7 .
- This tool 90 is inserted into the closure body.
- the portion of the wall which is immediately adjacent but axially "behind" this flange 30, that is the portion between the mouth 25 and a point 27 spaced axially from the open end or mouth 25, is forced outwards such that the diameter of this wall is increased.
- This figure shows a portion of wall 26. Only one side of the cross-sectional view of the tube is shown as it is symmetrical about the longitudinal axis shown as "X". The wall thickness is exaggerated so that it is indicated by two parallel lines to improve understanding.
- the original shape of the wall is straight without any curve at the right hand end as indicated by reference 45.
- the portion indicated 50 extending between the mouth 25 at the open end and the axially spaced point 27 shows how the mouth 25 at the open end of the tube has been expanded by the first step, as described above, such that a flange has been formed.
- the flange 30 which is initially distinct from the rest of the tubular sidewalls ( Figure 2 ), and become less distinct and in fact may become indistinguishable from the overall flare ( Figure 4 ).
- the flange 30 may merge and become one with the expanded wall portion 70, such that the diameter of the tube increases gradually from a point 27 spaced from the end of the tube towards the mouth 25 at the open end of the tube.
- the resultant flare shape of the closure or can body would typically be formed with the open end lying at an angle which is less than 45 degrees from the longitudinal axis.
- a tube with any wall thickness could be shaped by this method, is advantageously possible to shape tubes with walls of thickness less than 1 mm. This is due to careful design of the flanging and forming tools, the pressure of contact between the tube and the tools, and the sequence of tool shapes utilised. Accordingly, typically relatively thin walled metal tubes, such as found in metal closures or food or drink can bodies, may indeed be shaped this way.
- tubular walls of less than 1 mm thickness has been quoted, it has been found that the method will also perform well with walls with thickness of less than 0.50mm, and even less than 0.25mm.
- the diameter of the tube measured at the distal end, may be increase in a range from 1 to 20% of the original diameter, with the diameter of the portion of the tube immediately behind this distal end also being increased such that the overall diameter of the tube increases gradually from a point axially before the distal end of the tube to a point located at the distal end of the tube.
- This gradual increase in diameter may be formed over an axial length, measured back from the open end, which is grater than the increase in diameter of the tube. Indeed, the increase in diameter could be achieved over an axial length which is almost equal to the entire length of the tube.
- a tube could be shaped such that a series of flared profiles are formed axially along the length of the tube. Each profile could have a progressively smaller diameter than the preceding profile so that a set of tubes shaped in this way would be nestable.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
- Rigid Containers With Two Or More Constituent Elements (AREA)
- Containers Having Bodies Formed In One Piece (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Processing Of Meat And Fish (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to a method of shaping metal tubular closures or can bodies such that the open end of the tube is formed into a flared shape. In particular, but not exclusively, it relates to the shaping of a metal closure or can body in which the side wall height is greater than the diameter of the open end(s) and/or end wall.
- It is known to produce metal closures or can bodies from such easily worked materials as aluminium. These are typically formed from a flat sheet of relatively thin metal which may be shaped by means of one. Or a series of, die or spin-flanging tools such that the finished product is tubular with one axial end closed integrally and with the other end open.
- In the case of the closures, the finished product is then typically rolled onto a bottle neck so that threads are formed in the sides of the closure corresponding to the threads on the bottle neck.
- The tubular nature of these products is such that the diameter of the end of the tube is substantially the same as the closed end.
- However, it is desirable to be able to produce metal closures or con bodies which are a flared open end, so that the diameter of the open end is greater than the diameter of the closed end.
- Further, typical food and drink cons are known in which a flange is formed at the axially distal open end of the can body by means of die or spin flanging tools. The flange acts as a feature for connecting the lid to the body for sealing proposes and is therefore typically oriented perpendicularly to the axial length of the can body.
- A method according to the preamble of claim 1 and one prior art such an is described in
PCT application WO99/32242 - The flange is created by stretching and bending part of the can wall. However, in the case of a typical flange, the length of the portion of can wall which is formed into the flange is relatively shore, being typically in the region of 2 to 3 mm. Accordingly, the =amount of the wall that is stretched to increase its diameter is relatively small.
- The stretching and expansion of the wall creates hoop stress in the flange, but the metal is supported by the adjacent material that is less stressed thus avoi ding splitting during flanging operations.
- However, it is desirable to be able to stretch and expand a greater proportion of a can body or closure sidewall to product a flared open-end.
- A prior art closure having a flared sidewall is disclosed in
DE-A-28 29 755 . - Due to increased hoop stress, and reduced support from less stressed material, it has hitherto been problematical to create such flared shaped metal closures or can bodies due to splitting of the material.
- It is therefore desired to provide an industrial method of producing metal closures or can bodies with a flared open end such that the method is capable of producing such enclosures at a high throughput speed and with low spoilage rates due to splitting.
- In one aspect, the invention provides a method of shaping on open end of a metal tubular body into a flared shape so that the diameter of the tubular body increases gradually from a point axially spaced from the mouth at the open end of the tubular body towards the said mouth itself, the method being characterised by comprising the steps of:
- a. Forming a flange with a flanging tool whereby to increase the diameter of the said mouth at the open end of the tubular body to a desired diameter; and
- b. After the flange is formed increasing tubular body in the region between the said point and the said mouth using one or more forming tools such that the diameter of the said mouth of the tubular body remains unchanged from the said desired diameter formed in step a.
- An advantage of this method is that splitting of the metal is avoided by the expansion of the overall desired axial length taking place in stages. Further, by increasing the open end to the desired diameter in one step, rather than in more than one step, there is less change of work-hardening of the metal which may cause splitting.
- The flare may be formed either straight or curved, which has advantages in matching the profiles of containers, in the case of closures. Further embodiments are disclosed in the dependent claims attached hereto.
- Embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the following drawings in which;
-
Figure 1 shows different views of a typical can body before and after having a flange formed at both ends. -
Figures 2 and4 show a sequence of cross-sectional views of a metal closure having been treated in accordance with the method described herein. -
Figure 5 shows enlarged cross-sectional views superimposed on one another of the distal and of a metal closure having been treated in accordance with the method describe herein. -
Figure 6 shows a flanging tool which may be used in accordance with the method described herein. -
Figure 7 and8 show a sequence of forming tools which may also be used in accordance with the method described herein; - In
Figure 1 , a tube ofmetal 10 is shown in perspective on the left with substantially cylindrical sidewalls. This could be a food or drink can body. The middle drawing, also in perspective, shows this came can body withflanges 12 formed at both ends. The drawing on the right is an enlarged view of one offlanges 12 seen in cross-section. - It may be seen that the
flange 12 is formed such that the distance of the end of the flange from the wall of the tube 'D' is substantially equal to the axial length of can wall which has been stretched. Further, this flange lies substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of thecan body 10. - As has been stated above, the greatest value for 'D', at which no splitting of the metal occurs, is known to be approximately 3mm with typical food or drink cons in which the call wall is comparatively thin (less than 1 mm).
- Although a can body with both ends open is shown it should be understood that the can body could be formed from one sheet of metal so that the can body has on integral closed end and an open opposite end.
-
Figure 2 shows a cross section of atypical metal closure 20. The closure has a closedend 22 and has amilling 24 formed at one end to increase grip. Thewalls 26 of the closure extend axially away from the closedend 22 and terminate at amouth 25 at an open end. In some instances part of thewalls 26 of theclosure 20 have already been shaped such asbulge 28. - Using a flanging tool, such as is shown in
Figure 6 , themouth 25 at the open end of theclosure 20 is expanded outwards so as to formflange 30. This occurs because thetool 80 is inserted inside the body of theclosure 20 until the axial end of thewalls 26 butt up against thecurved stop 81 of the tool. Further respective movement of thetool 80 andclosure 20 forces the open end of the tube outwards so that it conforms to the shape of the tool. - The next step of the method is to use a subsequent forming tool, for instance the one shown in
Figure 7 . Thistool 90 is inserted into the closure body. However rather than theflange 30 butting up against theshaped feature 91 of the tool, the portion of the wall which is immediately adjacent but axially "behind" thisflange 30, that is the portion between themouth 25 and apoint 27 spaced axially from the open end ormouth 25, is forced outwards such that the diameter of this wall is increased. - Finally, this step is repeated with another tool, such as shown in
Figure 8 . Again, rather than theflange 30 of the tube being affected it is the wall portion of the tube "behind" the axially furthest portion which is expended that is the portion between theopen end 25 and the axially spacedpoint 27. - It should be understood that although only two steps have been described above following the initial flange-forming step, there could in fact be only one step, using one forming tool, or indeed more than two steps, using several differently shaped forming tools, before the final desired profile is reached.
- The progression of expansion of the diameter of the tube may best be seen in
Figure 5 . - This figure shows a portion of
wall 26. Only one side of the cross-sectional view of the tube is shown as it is symmetrical about the longitudinal axis shown as "X". The wall thickness is exaggerated so that it is indicated by two parallel lines to improve understanding. - The original shape of the wall is straight without any curve at the right hand end as indicated by
reference 45. The portion indicated 50 extending between themouth 25 at the open end and the axially spacedpoint 27 shows how themouth 25 at the open end of the tube has been expanded by the first step, as described above, such that a flange has been formed. - The portions indicated 60 and 70, also identifying the portion of the tube between the open end and the axially spaced
point 27, and show how the tube has been further expanded by means of forming tools such as are shown inFigures 7 and8 . It will be observed that the diameter of themouth 25 at the open end of the tube remains constant after the initial expansion. Rather it is the portion of the tube axially "behind" this flange up to thepoint 27 which is expended progressively to the final desired shaped. - By this progression of shaping of the can body, the
flange 30, which is initially distinct from the rest of the tubular sidewalls (Figure 2 ), and become less distinct and in fact may become indistinguishable from the overall flare (Figure 4 ). In other words, theflange 30 may merge and become one with the expandedwall portion 70, such that the diameter of the tube increases gradually from apoint 27 spaced from the end of the tube towards themouth 25 at the open end of the tube. - The resultant flare shape of the closure or can body would typically be formed with the open end lying at an angle which is less than 45 degrees from the longitudinal axis.
- Although in theory, a tube with any wall thickness could be shaped by this method, is advantageously possible to shape tubes with walls of thickness less than 1 mm. This is due to careful design of the flanging and forming tools, the pressure of contact between the tube and the tools, and the sequence of tool shapes utilised. Accordingly, typically relatively thin walled metal tubes, such as found in metal closures or food or drink can bodies, may indeed be shaped this way.
- Further, although tubular walls of less than 1 mm thickness has been quoted, it has been found that the method will also perform well with walls with thickness of less than 0.50mm, and even less than 0.25mm.
- By this method, the diameter of the tube, measured at the distal end, may be increase in a range from 1 to 20% of the original diameter, with the diameter of the portion of the tube immediately behind this distal end also being increased such that the overall diameter of the tube increases gradually from a point axially before the distal end of the tube to a point located at the distal end of the tube.
- This gradual increase in diameter may be formed over an axial length, measured back from the open end, which is grater than the increase in diameter of the tube. Indeed, the increase in diameter could be achieved over an axial length which is almost equal to the entire length of the tube.
- In another embodiment, a tube could be shaped such that a series of flared profiles are formed axially along the length of the tube. Each profile could have a progressively smaller diameter than the preceding profile so that a set of tubes shaped in this way would be nestable.
- Although the above mentioned method has been described in relation to can bodies or metal closures made from a single flat sheet of metal which has been formed into a tubular shape with an integral closed end, the method could also be applied to tubular bodies in which the sidewall is formed from a single sheet which has been rolled into a tubular shape and then welded along the longitudinal axis.
Claims (7)
- A method of shaping on open end of a metal tubular body into a flared shape so that the diameter of the tubular body increases gradually from a point axially spaced from the mouth at the open end of the tubular body towards the said mouth itself, the method being characterised by comprising the steps of:a. Forming a flange (12; 30; 60) with a flanging tool (80) whereby to increase the diameter of the said mouth at the open end of the tubular body (10: 20; 26) to a desired diameter, andb. After the flange (12; 30; 60) is formed increasing tubular body in the region (50; 60; 70) between the said point and the said mouth using one or more forming tools (90) such that the diameter of the said mouth of the tubular body (10; 20; 26) remains unchanged from the said desired diameter formed in step a.
- A method according to Claim 1, characterised in that wherein one axial end of the tubular body is closed and the other end is open.
- A method according to Claim 1 or Claim 2, wherein the said flared shape is curved.
- A method according to Claim 1 or Claim 2, characterised in that the said flared shape is straight.
- A method according to any preceding claim, characterised in that wherein the diameter of the tubular body (10; 20; 26) is increased in a range from 1 to 20% of the anginal diameter.
- A method according to any preceding claim, characterised in that the diameter of the tubular body (10; 20; 26) is increased over an axial length (50; 60; 70) which is greater than the increase in diameter of the tubular body (10; 20; 26) between the said point and the said mouth at the open end of the said tubular body (10; 20; 26).
- A method according to any preceding claim, characterised in that the flared shape of the metal tubular body (10; 20; 26) lies at an angle which is less that 45 degrees from the longitudinal axis thereof.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP06700148A EP1838472B1 (en) | 2005-01-17 | 2006-01-04 | Method of shaping an open end of a metal tubular body |
PL06700148T PL1838472T3 (en) | 2005-01-17 | 2006-01-04 | Method of shaping an open end of a metal tubular body |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP05100255A EP1681110A1 (en) | 2005-01-17 | 2005-01-17 | Method of shaping metal closures or can bodies |
EP06700148A EP1838472B1 (en) | 2005-01-17 | 2006-01-04 | Method of shaping an open end of a metal tubular body |
PCT/GB2006/000012 WO2006075132A1 (en) | 2005-01-17 | 2006-01-04 | Method of shaping metal closures or can bodies |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1838472A1 EP1838472A1 (en) | 2007-10-03 |
EP1838472B1 true EP1838472B1 (en) | 2009-05-13 |
Family
ID=34938523
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP05100255A Withdrawn EP1681110A1 (en) | 2005-01-17 | 2005-01-17 | Method of shaping metal closures or can bodies |
EP06700148A Active EP1838472B1 (en) | 2005-01-17 | 2006-01-04 | Method of shaping an open end of a metal tubular body |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP05100255A Withdrawn EP1681110A1 (en) | 2005-01-17 | 2005-01-17 | Method of shaping metal closures or can bodies |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (2) | EP1681110A1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE431205T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE602006006793D1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2327060T3 (en) |
HK (1) | HK1113103A1 (en) |
MY (1) | MY140608A (en) |
PL (1) | PL1838472T3 (en) |
TW (1) | TWI290863B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2006075132A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB0817942D0 (en) * | 2008-10-01 | 2008-11-05 | Obrist Closures Switzerland | A method of shaping metal closures |
GB2547016B (en) | 2016-02-04 | 2019-04-24 | Crown Packaging Technology Inc | Metal containers and methods of manufacture |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS59120329A (en) * | 1982-12-27 | 1984-07-11 | Mitsuboshi Seisakusho:Kk | Forming method of stepped pipe |
GB9726606D0 (en) * | 1997-12-18 | 1998-02-18 | Metal Box Plc | Can shaping |
DE60219470T2 (en) * | 2001-07-05 | 2007-12-13 | Magna Structural Systems Inc., Aurora | METHOD FOR INCREASING A TUBULAR ROLE |
-
2005
- 2005-01-17 EP EP05100255A patent/EP1681110A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2006
- 2006-01-04 DE DE602006006793T patent/DE602006006793D1/en active Active
- 2006-01-04 EP EP06700148A patent/EP1838472B1/en active Active
- 2006-01-04 ES ES06700148T patent/ES2327060T3/en active Active
- 2006-01-04 WO PCT/GB2006/000012 patent/WO2006075132A1/en active Application Filing
- 2006-01-04 AT AT06700148T patent/ATE431205T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-01-04 PL PL06700148T patent/PL1838472T3/en unknown
- 2006-01-09 MY MYPI20060086A patent/MY140608A/en unknown
- 2006-01-10 TW TW095100910A patent/TWI290863B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2008
- 2008-03-26 HK HK08103368.0A patent/HK1113103A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE431205T1 (en) | 2009-05-15 |
EP1838472A1 (en) | 2007-10-03 |
MY140608A (en) | 2009-12-31 |
DE602006006793D1 (en) | 2009-06-25 |
ES2327060T3 (en) | 2009-10-23 |
WO2006075132A1 (en) | 2006-07-20 |
EP1681110A1 (en) | 2006-07-19 |
TWI290863B (en) | 2007-12-11 |
PL1838472T3 (en) | 2009-10-30 |
TW200631690A (en) | 2006-09-16 |
HK1113103A1 (en) | 2008-09-26 |
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