EP1835178B1 - Sealing assembly for a piston type vacuum pump - Google Patents

Sealing assembly for a piston type vacuum pump Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1835178B1
EP1835178B1 EP07003705A EP07003705A EP1835178B1 EP 1835178 B1 EP1835178 B1 EP 1835178B1 EP 07003705 A EP07003705 A EP 07003705A EP 07003705 A EP07003705 A EP 07003705A EP 1835178 B1 EP1835178 B1 EP 1835178B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
sealing
cylinder
arrangement according
sealing element
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Not-in-force
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EP07003705A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1835178A1 (en
Inventor
Thomas Cromm
Ronald Dr. Sachs
Stefan Dr. Zabeschek
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Pfeiffer Vacuum GmbH
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Pfeiffer Vacuum GmbH
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Publication of EP1835178A1 publication Critical patent/EP1835178A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B37/00—Pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B35/00
    • F04B37/10—Pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B35/00 for special use
    • F04B37/14—Pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B35/00 for special use to obtain high vacuum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/0005—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00 adaptations of pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/14—Pistons, piston-rods or piston-rod connections
    • F04B53/143—Sealing provided on the piston

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sealing arrangement for a cylinder-piston system of a reciprocating vacuum pump according to the preamble of the first claim.
  • Piston vacuum pumps have one or more cylinders, in each of which a piston performs an oscillating movement with which the compression space is periodically increased and decreased. In the period in which the compression space is reduced, gas is compressed and expelled at the end of the movement.
  • Patents US 3,343,844 and US 3,603,215 show cylinder-piston systems which, in addition to a sealing element with an L-shaped cross-section, have an annular guide element.
  • the WO 98/48170 shows a piston vacuum pump with an L-shaped seal.
  • the wall of the piston serves to guide the piston in the cylinder.
  • the JP 07 133866 proposes, in addition to a seal arranged centrally on the piston, to provide a guide element terminating with the end face of the piston.
  • the object is therefore to present a sealing arrangement for a cylinder-piston system of a piston vacuum pump, which has the advantages of the L-shaped sealing element, but reduces the wear of this component.
  • the invention uses in addition to the L-shaped sealing element, a guide element which is arranged on the side remote from the compression space of the sealing element.
  • This guide element takes mechanical stress from the sealing element, which arises in particular by the periodic linear motion superimposed pendulum motion and is especially pronounced in the reversal points. Due to the reduced load increases the life of the sealing element. At the same time, a positive effect on the noise development of the cylinder-piston system is observed.
  • An advantageous development is to guide the damping element in a circular groove, which has at least one cut-away. As a result, an expansion space is created, in which the damping element can expand under pressure load. This in turn avoids that the damping element presses under pressure load the L-shaped sealing element with excessive force against the cylinder wall and thus increases the friction localized.
  • the measure according to claim 7 causes the guide element engages only when it is really necessary. This is the case when the load on the sealing element resulting from deflection from the cylinder axis is too high due to the pendulum movements. At low loads, however, the guide element is not in frictional contact with the cylinder inner wall, so that abrasion is avoided.
  • the figure shows a non-scale section through the cylinder-piston system of a piston vacuum pump.
  • a cylinder 1 In a housing 15, a cylinder 1 is arranged.
  • a piston performs periodic movements, whereby a compression space 5 is periodically increased and decreased.
  • a reversal point of the movement hereinafter “lower reversal point” is characterized by the gas inlet process.
  • an opening 10 or a plurality of openings communicating with an inlet channel is provided in the cylinder wall.
  • the other reversal point hereinafter “upper reversal point”
  • the piston is displaced so far in the cylinder that the valve cover 12 is lifted off the valve seat 14 and overcomes the counter-tensioning force of the valve spring 13. The compressed gas is then removed via the gas outlet 11.
  • the piston is constructed in three parts in the embodiment and has a piston cover 2b, a piston sleeve 2a and a piston head 2c. Not shown is the connecting rod system, which is connected to the piston and causes its periodic movement.
  • An annular, L-shaped sealing element with L-shaped cross-section 3 is arranged on the piston and seals the gap between the piston and the cylinder inner wall.
  • One leg of the sealing element is fixed to the piston, while the other leg is free and slightly presses against the cylinder inner wall. Since the piston vacuum pump is designed as a dry pump, no working fluid is provided between the piston and the cylinder. Accordingly, the material pairing of sealing element 3 and cylinder 1 is to be selected, for example For example, plastics with PTFE components are used for the sealing element, while for the cylinder metal alloys are used, for example aluminum-based, possibly coated.
  • the piston performs a periodic movement, which is only theoretically largely linear.
  • the guide element touches the cylinder inner wall and the load passes from seal to guide element, or is distributed to both.
  • the rigidity of the guide element is so dimensioned, in particular low enough that it can still yield resiliently. This is important so that the pendulum movement and thus the striking of the guide element does not lead to a noticeable noise.
  • the smaller diameter also causes the guide member to be used only when needed and not subject to constant wear by rubbing against the cylinder inner wall in the normal, linear movement of the piston. Conceivable are other embodiments for the guide element, but achieve an equivalent effect.
  • said ring is guided in a groove provided on the piston and can move transversely to the piston axis, ie radially.
  • This ring can then be supported by a resilient element or even formed from an elastic material.
  • a damping element 6 which is designed in this embodiment as elastomeric rings. It prevents the free leg of the L-shaped sealing element from being pressed against the piston part 2a during oscillation of the piston, since this would generate noise.
  • the elastomer ring is compressed in the case of wobbling movement, or deflection of the piston from the cylinder center in the region of elastic deformation. The energy used for this comes from the wobbling motion, which is thus damped.
  • a spacer 7 is inserted between them.
  • a second sealing arrangement is arranged in mirror image at that end of the piston which faces away from the compression space. It too has a guide element 21 and an L-shaped sealing element 20.
  • the component 25 is annular and has a three-legged cross-section.
  • One of these legs 28 acts as a holding portion with which the component can be held on the piston.
  • a second leg 26 serves as a sealing element and has a maximum diameter D.
  • the third leg 27 assumes the function of the guide element. Its maximum diameter F is smaller than the maximum diameter D of the leg 26. This ensures that the leg 27 only in the pendulum movements in contact with the cylinder inner wall passes.
  • the stiffness of the leg 26 is less than that of the leg 27, which is soft enough to have an elastically resilient and damping effect.
  • FIG. 3 An improvement of the embodiment shows the Figure 3 , In the upper part a) of the figure, a section through the piston cover 2b along the piston axis is shown. In piston pin bosses 32, a piston pin 33 is held, which is inserted through the eye of a connecting rod 31 and there, for example, rotatably supported by a non-shown roller bearings.
  • the movements of the piston are indicated above the piston cover by arrows: on the one hand the ideal, linear movement L (left) and on the other the real tumbling motion T (right).
  • Part b) of the figure shows the section along the line AA through the piston cover. The small arrows indicate the points of the main load generated by the tumbling motion T.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)

Abstract

The seal, for a piston vacuum pump, is a ring-shaped and L-shaped component (25) with a three-legged cross section. One leg (28) is a holder section at the piston. A second leg (26) is the seal with a maximum diameter (D) and the third leg (27) is a guide with a smaller diameter (F).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Dichtungsanordnung für ein Zylinder-Kolben-System einer Hubkolbenvakuumpumpe nach dem Oberbegriff des ersten Anspruchs.The invention relates to a sealing arrangement for a cylinder-piston system of a reciprocating vacuum pump according to the preamble of the first claim.

Hubkolbenvakuumpumpen sind seit einigen Jahren als sogenannte "trockene Vorvakuumpumpen" erfolgreich im Einsatz. Sie finden überall dort Anwendung, wo frei von Arbeitsfluid, beispielsweise Öl, ein Vorvakuum erzeugt werden muss, d.h. die Rückströmung von Arbeitsfluid in den Rezipienten nicht toleriert werden kann. Kolbenvakuumpumpen besitzen einen oder mehrere Zylinder, in denen jeweils ein Kolben eine oszillierende Bewegung ausführt, mit der der Kompressionsraum periodisch vergrößert und verkleinert wird. In dem Zeitraum, in dem der Kompressionsraum verkleinert wird, wird Gas verdichtet und am Ende der Bewegung ausgestoßen.Reciprocating vacuum pumps have been used successfully for some years as so-called "dry backing pumps". They find application wherever free of working fluid, such as oil, a pre-vacuum must be generated, i. the backflow of working fluid into the recipient can not be tolerated. Piston vacuum pumps have one or more cylinders, in each of which a piston performs an oscillating movement with which the compression space is periodically increased and decreased. In the period in which the compression space is reduced, gas is compressed and expelled at the end of the movement.

Wichtig für die Funktion einer trockenen Kolbenvakuumpumpe ist die Abdichtung zwischen Kolben und Innenwand des Zylinders. Bewährt hat sich als Dichtung ein L-förmiges Dichtelement, wie es in der DE-OS 103 37 298 beschrieben ist. Bei diesem Dichtelement ist ein Schenkel des L im Kolben fixiert, während der andere Schenkel leicht gegenüber der Kolbenachse geneigt ist und mit seinem Ende die Zylinderinnenwand berührt. Dieses L-förmige Dichtelement ermöglicht eine Konstruktion mit geringem Totraum. Eine geeignete Materialwahl erlaubt den Betrieb der Pumpe frei von Arbeitsfluid.Important for the function of a dry piston vacuum pump is the seal between the piston and the inner wall of the cylinder. Has proved successful as a seal L-shaped sealing element, as in the DE-OS 103 37 298 is described. In this sealing element, one leg of the L is fixed in the piston, while the other leg is slightly inclined relative to the piston axis and touches the cylinder inner wall with its end. This L-shaped sealing element allows a construction with low dead space. A suitable choice of material allows the operation of the pump free of working fluid.

Bei längerem Betrieb stellt man fest, dass das L-förmige Dichtelement hohen Belastungen ausgesetzt sein muss, da ein Verschleiß zu beobachten ist, der den heutigen Anforderungen an die Dauerlaufeigenschaften nicht gerecht wird.During prolonged operation, it is found that the L-shaped sealing element must be exposed to high loads, as a wear is observed that does not meet today's requirements for endurance properties.

Die Patente US 3,343,844 und US 3,603,215 stellen Zylinder-Kolben-Systcme vor, welche neben einem Dichtungselement mit L-förmigen Querschnitt ein ringförmiges Führungselement aufweisen.The Patents US 3,343,844 and US 3,603,215 show cylinder-piston systems which, in addition to a sealing element with an L-shaped cross-section, have an annular guide element.

Die WO 98/48170 zeigt eine Kolbenvakuumpumpe mit einer L-förmigen Dichtung. Die Wand des Kolbens dient der Führung des Kolbens im Zylinder.The WO 98/48170 shows a piston vacuum pump with an L-shaped seal. The wall of the piston serves to guide the piston in the cylinder.

Die JP 07 133866 schlägt vor, zusätzlich zu einer mittig am Kolben angeordneten Dichtung ein mit der Stirnfläche des Kolbens abschließendes Führungselement vorzusehen.The JP 07 133866 proposes, in addition to a seal arranged centrally on the piston, to provide a guide element terminating with the end face of the piston.

Aufgabe ist es daher, eine Dichtungsanordnung für ein Zylinder-Kolben-System einer Kolbenvakuumpumpe vorzustellen, welches die Vorteile des L-förmigen Dichtelements aufweist, den Verschleiß dieses Bauteils aber reduziert.The object is therefore to present a sealing arrangement for a cylinder-piston system of a piston vacuum pump, which has the advantages of the L-shaped sealing element, but reduces the wear of this component.

Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des ersten Patentanspruches.This object is achieved by the characterizing features of the first claim.

Gegenüber dem Stand der Technik benutzt die Erfindung zusätzlich zum L-förmigen Dichtungselement ein Führungselement, welches auf der vom Kompressionsraum abgewandten Seite des Dichtungselements angeordnet ist. Dieses Führungselement nimmt mechanische Belastung vom Dichtungselement, welche insbesondere durch die der periodisch-linearen Bewegung überlagerten Pendelbewegung entsteht und gerade in den Umkehrpunkten besonders ausgeprägt ist. Durch die verminderte Belastung steigt die Lebensdauer des Dichtungselements an. Gleichzeitig beobachtet man eine positive Auswirkung auf die Geräuschentwicklung des Zylinder-Kolben-Systems.Compared to the prior art, the invention uses in addition to the L-shaped sealing element, a guide element which is arranged on the side remote from the compression space of the sealing element. This guide element takes mechanical stress from the sealing element, which arises in particular by the periodic linear motion superimposed pendulum motion and is especially pronounced in the reversal points. Due to the reduced load increases the life of the sealing element. At the same time, a positive effect on the noise development of the cylinder-piston system is observed.

Die Merkmale der Ansprüche 2 bis 8 stellen vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung dar.The features of claims 2 to 8 represent advantageous developments of the invention.

Die Kombination der Kolbenführung mit einem Dämpfungselement, welches zwischen Kolben und freiem Schenkel des Dichtungselements angeordnet ist, bewirkt zudem eine deutlich verminderte Geräuschentwicklung des Zylinder-Kolben-Systems.The combination of the piston guide with a damping element, which is arranged between the piston and the free leg of the sealing element, also causes a significantly reduced noise of the cylinder-piston system.

Eine vorteilhafte Weiterbildung besteht darin, das Dämpfungselement in einer kreisförmigen Nut zu führen, welche mindestens eine Abfräsung aufweist. Hierdurch wird ein Ausdehnungraum geschaffen, in den sich das Dämpfungselement bei Druckbelastung ausdehnen kann. Dies wiederum vermeidet, dass das Dämpfungselement unter Druckbelastung das L-förmige Dichtungselement mit zu starker Kraft gegen die Zylinderwand drückt und so die Reibung örtlich begrenzt hochsetzt.An advantageous development is to guide the damping element in a circular groove, which has at least one cut-away. As a result, an expansion space is created, in which the damping element can expand under pressure load. This in turn avoids that the damping element presses under pressure load the L-shaped sealing element with excessive force against the cylinder wall and thus increases the friction localized.

Für den Einsatz in einer Kolbenvakuumpumpe von Vorteil ist die Anordnung eines weiteren L-förmigen Dichtelements am entgegengesetzten Ende des Kolbens, da so die Dichtheit der gesamten Anordnung erhöht wird. Zudem wird die Führung des Kolbens verbessert, Verschleiß und Geräuschentwicklung sinken..
Die Maßnahme nach Anspruch 5 verbessert die durch das Hinzufügen des Führungselements bereits erreichten Vorteile. Ein Führungselement nach Anspruch 6 entlastet das Dichtungselement und sorgt für eine weiter verbesserte Kolbenführung ohne dabei so unnachgiebig zu sein, dass es zu einer merklichen Geräuschbildung kommt.For use in a piston vacuum pump advantageous is the arrangement of a further L-shaped sealing element at the opposite end of the piston, since so the tightness of the entire assembly is increased. In addition, the guidance of the piston is improved, wear and noise decrease ..
The measure according to claim 5 improves the already achieved by the addition of the guide element advantages. A guide element according to claim 6 relieves the sealing element and provides a further improved piston guide without being so relentless that it comes to a noticeable noise.

Die Maßnahme nach Anspruch 7 bewirkt, dass das Führungselement nur dann eingreift, wenn es wirklich notwendig ist. Dies ist der Fall, wenn die durch eine Auslenkung von der Zylinderachse resultierende Belastung für das Dichtungselement durch die Pendelbewegungen zu hoch ist. Bei geringen Belastungen hingegen steht das Führungselement nicht in reibendem Kontakt mit der Zylinderinnnenwandung, so dass ein Abrieb vermieden wird.The measure according to claim 7 causes the guide element engages only when it is really necessary. This is the case when the load on the sealing element resulting from deflection from the cylinder axis is too high due to the pendulum movements. At low loads, however, the guide element is not in frictional contact with the cylinder inner wall, so that abrasion is avoided.

Mit Hilfe der Abbildungen soll die Erfindung an Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert und die Vorteile derselben vertieft werden.

Fig. 1:
Nichtmaßstäblicher Querschnitt durch das Zylinder-Kolben-System einer Kolbenvakuumpumpe.
Fig. 2:
Querschnitt durch ein integriertes Bauteil.
Fig. 3:
Schnitt durch Kolbendeckel a) längs der Zylinderachse und b) Stirnschnitt.
With the help of the figures, the invention of exemplary embodiments is explained in more detail and the advantages of the same are deepened.
Fig. 1:
Non-scale cross section through the cylinder-piston system of a piston vacuum pump.
Fig. 2:
Cross section through an integrated component.
3:
Section through piston cover a) along the cylinder axis and b) frontal section.

Die Abbildung zeigt einen nichtmaßstäblichen Schnitt durch das Zylinder-Kolben-System einer Kolbenvakuumpumpe. In einem Gehäuse 15 ist ein Zylinder 1 angeordnet. In diesem führt ein Kolben periodische Bewegungen durch, wodurch ein Kompressionsraum 5 periodisch vergrößert und verkleinert wird. Ein Umkehrpunkt der Bewegung, im folgenden "unterer Umkehrpunkt", ist charakterisiert durch den Gaseinlassvorgang. Dazu ist in der Zylinderwandung eine Öffnung 10 oder eine mit einem Einlasskanal kommunizierende Mehrzahl von Öffnungen vorgesehen. Der andere Umkehrpunkt, im folgenden "oberer Umkehrpunkt", ist charakterisiert durch den Gasauslassvorgang. Dazu wird der Kolben soweit im Zylinder verschoben, dass der Ventildeckel 12 vom Ventilsitz 14 abgehoben wird und die gegenspannende Kraft der Ventilfeder 13 überwindet. Das verdichtete Gas wird dann über den Gasauslass 11 abgeführt.The figure shows a non-scale section through the cylinder-piston system of a piston vacuum pump. In a housing 15, a cylinder 1 is arranged. In this, a piston performs periodic movements, whereby a compression space 5 is periodically increased and decreased. A reversal point of the movement, hereinafter "lower reversal point", is characterized by the gas inlet process. For this purpose, an opening 10 or a plurality of openings communicating with an inlet channel is provided in the cylinder wall. The other reversal point, hereinafter "upper reversal point", is characterized by the gas exhaust operation. For this purpose, the piston is displaced so far in the cylinder that the valve cover 12 is lifted off the valve seat 14 and overcomes the counter-tensioning force of the valve spring 13. The compressed gas is then removed via the gas outlet 11.

Der Kolben ist im Ausführungsbeispiel dreiteilig aufgebaut und besitzt einen Kolbendeckel 2b, eine Kolbenhülse 2a und einen Kolbenboden 2c. Nicht gezeigt ist das Pleuelsystem, welches mit dem Kolben verbunden ist und seine periodische Bewegung bewirkt.The piston is constructed in three parts in the embodiment and has a piston cover 2b, a piston sleeve 2a and a piston head 2c. Not shown is the connecting rod system, which is connected to the piston and causes its periodic movement.

Ein ringförmiges, L-förmiges Dichtungselement mit L-förmigem Querschnitt 3 ist am Kolben angeordnet und dichtet den Spalt zwischen Kolben und der Zylinderinnenwand ab. Ein Schenkel des Dichtungselements ist am Kolben fixiert, während der andere Schenkel frei ist und leicht gegen die Zylinderinnenwand drückt. Da die Kolbenvakuumpumpe als trockene Pumpe ausgeführt ist, ist zwischen Kolben und Zylinder kein Arbeitsfluid vorgesehen. Entsprechend ist die Materialpaarung von Dichtungselement 3 und Zylinder 1 zu wählen, beispielsweise werden Kunststoffe mit PTFE-Bestandteilen für das Dichtungselement verwendet, während für den Zylinder Metalllegierungen zum Einsatz kommen, beispielsweise auf Aluminiumbasis, eventuell beschichtet. Der Kolben führt eine periodische Bewegung durch, die nur theoretisch weitgehend linear ist. In der Praxis zeigen sich auch Pendelbewegungen, die eine Verkippung der Kolbenachse zur Zylinderachse entsprechen. Hierdurch entstehen, insbesondere in den Umkehrpunkten, ungleichmäßige Belastungen des Dichtungselements. Diese gilt es zu verringern, was erfindungsgemäß durch ein Führungselement 4 gelöst wird. Dieses Führungselement ist ringförmig gestaltet und weist im Beispiel einen im wesentlichen zweischenkligen Querschnitt auf. Einer der Schenkel ist im Kolben fixiert, während der andere in den Raum zwischen Zylinderinnenwand und Kolben ragt. Sein Durchmesser F ist kleiner als der Innendurchmesser des Zylinders Z. Der freie Schenkel ist so gestaltet, dass er steifer ist als das Dichtungselement. Hierdurch wird erreicht, dass in einer Pendelbewegung zwar zunächst das Dichtungselement belastet wird. Ist die Auslenkung aber zu stark, berührt das Führungselement die Zylinderinnenwand und die Belastung geht von Dichtungs- auf Führungselement über, bzw. wird auf beide verteilt. Das Steifigkeit des Führungselements ist so bemessen, insbesondere gering genug, dass es noch federnd nachgeben kann. Dies ist wichtig, damit die Pendelbewegung und damit das Anschlagen des Führungselements nicht zu einer merklichen Geräuschbildung führt. Der geringere Durchmesser bewirkt zudem, dass das Führungselement nur dann eingesetzt wird, wenn es gebraucht wird und nicht in der normalen, linearen Bewegung des Kolbens beständigem Verschleiß durch Reiben an der Zylinderinnenwand ausgesetzt ist. Denkbar sind andere Ausgestaltungsformen für das Führungselement, die aber eine äquivalente Wirkung erzielen. So kann statt einem zweischenkligen ein rechteckiger Querschnitt verwendet werden, wobei dieser Ring in einer am Kolben vorgesehenen Nut geführt ist und sich quer zur Kolbenachse, also radial, bewegen kann. Dieser Ring kann dann von einem federnden Element unterstützt sein oder selbst aus einem elastischen Material geformt sein.An annular, L-shaped sealing element with L-shaped cross-section 3 is arranged on the piston and seals the gap between the piston and the cylinder inner wall. One leg of the sealing element is fixed to the piston, while the other leg is free and slightly presses against the cylinder inner wall. Since the piston vacuum pump is designed as a dry pump, no working fluid is provided between the piston and the cylinder. Accordingly, the material pairing of sealing element 3 and cylinder 1 is to be selected, for example For example, plastics with PTFE components are used for the sealing element, while for the cylinder metal alloys are used, for example aluminum-based, possibly coated. The piston performs a periodic movement, which is only theoretically largely linear. In practice, pendulum movements, which correspond to a tilt of the piston axis to the cylinder axis. This results in uneven loads of the sealing element, in particular in the reversal points. This is to be reduced, which is achieved by a guide element 4 according to the invention. This guide element is designed annular and has in the example a substantially zweischkligen cross-section. One of the legs is fixed in the piston, while the other protrudes into the space between the cylinder inner wall and the piston. Its diameter F is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder Z. The free leg is designed to be stiffer than the sealing element. This ensures that in a pendulum movement, although first the sealing element is loaded. But if the deflection is too strong, the guide element touches the cylinder inner wall and the load passes from seal to guide element, or is distributed to both. The rigidity of the guide element is so dimensioned, in particular low enough that it can still yield resiliently. This is important so that the pendulum movement and thus the striking of the guide element does not lead to a noticeable noise. The smaller diameter also causes the guide member to be used only when needed and not subject to constant wear by rubbing against the cylinder inner wall in the normal, linear movement of the piston. Conceivable are other embodiments for the guide element, but achieve an equivalent effect. Thus, instead of a zweischenkligen a rectangular cross-section can be used, said ring is guided in a groove provided on the piston and can move transversely to the piston axis, ie radially. This ring can then be supported by a resilient element or even formed from an elastic material.

Ebenfalls zur Geräuschdämpfung dient ein Dämpfungselement 6, welches in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel als Elastomerringe ausgeführt ist. Er verhindert, dass beim Pendeln des Kolbens der freie Schenkel des L-förmigen Dichtungselements an das Kolbenteil 2a gedrückt wird, denn dies würde Geräusche erzeugen. Der Elastomerring wird bei im Falle der Taumelbewegung, bzw. Auslenkung des Kolbens aus der Zylindermitte im Bereich der elastischen Verformung zusammengedrückt. Die dafür verwendete Energie stammt aus der Taumelbewegung, die somit abgedämpft wird.Also for noise reduction is a damping element 6, which is designed in this embodiment as elastomeric rings. It prevents the free leg of the L-shaped sealing element from being pressed against the piston part 2a during oscillation of the piston, since this would generate noise. The elastomer ring is compressed in the case of wobbling movement, or deflection of the piston from the cylinder center in the region of elastic deformation. The energy used for this comes from the wobbling motion, which is thus damped.

Um die Montage von Dichtungselement und Führungselement zu vereinfachen, ist zwischen diesen ein Abstandshalter 7 eingelegt.In order to simplify the assembly of sealing element and guide element, a spacer 7 is inserted between them.

Zur Verbesserung der Funktion als Kolbenvakuumpumpe einerseits und zur verbesserten Führung andererseits ist an demjenigen Kolbenende, welches dem Kompressionsraum abgewandt ist, eine zweite Dichtungsanordnung spiegelbildlich angeordnet. Auch sie besitzt ein Führungselement 21 und ein L-förmiges Dichtungselement 20.To improve the function as a piston vacuum pump on the one hand and for improved guidance on the other hand, a second sealing arrangement is arranged in mirror image at that end of the piston which faces away from the compression space. It too has a guide element 21 and an L-shaped sealing element 20.

Vereinfachungen der Dichtungsanordnung sind denkbar. So ist es möglich, ein einstückiges Bauteil zu konstruieren, welches die Funktion von Dichtungselement und Führungselement übernimmt. Solch ein nicht zur Erfindung gehörendes Bauteil ist der zweiten Abbildung gezeigt. Das Bauteil 25 ist ringförmig und besitzt einen dreischenkeligen Querschnitt. Einer dieser Schenkel 28 wirkt als Halteabschnitt, mit dem das Bauteil am Kolben gehalten werden kann. Ein zweiter Schenkel 26 dient als Dichtungselement und besitzt einen maximalen Durchmesser D. Der dritte Schenkel 27 übernimmt die Funktion des Führungselements. Sein maximaler Durchmesser F ist kleiner als der maximale Durchmesser D des Schenkels 26. Dadurch ist gesichert, dass der Schenkel 27 nur bei den Pendelbewegungen in Berührung mit der Zylinderinnenwand gelangt. Die Steifigkeit des Schenkels 26 ist geringer als die des Schenkels 27, wobei dieser weich genug ist, um eine elastisch federnde und dämpfende Wirkung zu besitzen.Simplifications of the seal arrangement are conceivable. So it is possible to construct a one-piece component, which takes over the function of sealing element and guide element. Such a non-invention component is shown in the second figure. The component 25 is annular and has a three-legged cross-section. One of these legs 28 acts as a holding portion with which the component can be held on the piston. A second leg 26 serves as a sealing element and has a maximum diameter D. The third leg 27 assumes the function of the guide element. Its maximum diameter F is smaller than the maximum diameter D of the leg 26. This ensures that the leg 27 only in the pendulum movements in contact with the cylinder inner wall passes. The stiffness of the leg 26 is less than that of the leg 27, which is soft enough to have an elastically resilient and damping effect.

Eine Verbesserung des Ausführungsbeispiel zeigt die Abbildung 3. Im oberen Teil a) der Abbildung ist ein Schnitt durch den Kolbendeckel 2b entlang der Kolbenachse gezeigt. In Kolbenbolzenaugen 32 ist ein Kolbenbolzen 33 gehalten, welcher durch das Auge eines Pleuel 31 gesteckt und dort beispielweise durch ein nichtgezeigtes Wälzlager drehbar gelagert ist. In der Abbildung sind oberhalb des Kolbendeckels durch Pfeile die Bewegungen des Kolben angedeutet: Zum einen die ideale, lineare Bewegung L (links) und zum anderen die reale Taumelbewegung T (rechts). Teil b) der Abbildung zeigt den Schnitt entlang der Linie A-A durch den Kolbendeckel. Die kleinen Pfeile deuten die Stellen der Hauptbelastung an, die durch die Taumelbewegung T erzeugt wird. In beiden Abbildungsteilen a) und b) bezeichnet 3 das kreisförmige, L-förmige Dichtungselement und 6 das als Elastomerring ausgeführte Dämpfungselement. Bei Einsetzen der Taumelbewegung wird das L-förmige Dichtelement hauptsächlich an den mit den Pfeilen in Abbildungsteil b) markierten Stellen in Richtung Mitte des Kolbendeckels gedrückt. Dabei berührt es bei entsprechend starker Auslenkung das Dämpfungselement 6, welches im elastischen Bereich verformt wird. Die Verbesserung liegt darin, mindestens eine Ausfräsung 34 entlang des Umfangs der kreisförmigen Nut vorzusehen, in der das Dämpfungselement geführt ist. Diese Ausfräsung schafft einen Raum, in den sich das Dämpfungselement während der Verformung ausdehnen kann. Ohne diesen Raum kann es zu einer Klemmung kommen, d.h. das Dämpfungselement füllt den Spalt zwischen Nutinnerem und L-förmigem Dichtungselement komplett aus und sorgt dadurch für ein hohe Anpressung des Dichtelements an die Zylinderinnenwand. Im Beispiel sind zwei sekantenartige Ausfräsungen gezeigt, die entlang des Umfangs um 90 Grad gegenüber den Hauptbelastungsstellen versetzt sind.An improvement of the embodiment shows the Figure 3 , In the upper part a) of the figure, a section through the piston cover 2b along the piston axis is shown. In piston pin bosses 32, a piston pin 33 is held, which is inserted through the eye of a connecting rod 31 and there, for example, rotatably supported by a non-shown roller bearings. In the figure, the movements of the piston are indicated above the piston cover by arrows: on the one hand the ideal, linear movement L (left) and on the other the real tumbling motion T (right). Part b) of the figure shows the section along the line AA through the piston cover. The small arrows indicate the points of the main load generated by the tumbling motion T. In both Figures a) and b) 3 denotes the circular, L-shaped sealing element and 6, the elastomeric ring designed as a damping element. At the onset of the tumbling motion, the L-shaped sealing element is pressed mainly at the marked with the arrows in Figure b) points in the direction of the center of the piston cover. In this case, it touches with a correspondingly strong deflection, the damping element 6, which is deformed in the elastic region. The improvement is to provide at least one cutout 34 along the circumference of the circular groove in which the damping element is guided. This cutout creates a space in which the damping element can expand during deformation. Without this space, it can lead to a clamping, ie the damping element completely fills the gap between Nutinnerem and L-shaped sealing element, thereby ensuring a high contact pressure of the sealing element to the cylinder inner wall. In the example, two secant-shaped recesses are shown, which are offset along the circumference by 90 degrees with respect to the main load points.

Claims (8)

  1. Sealing arrangement for a cylinder-piston system of a piston vacuum pump for effecting sealing between a cylinder inner wall and a piston (2a, 2b, 2c) mounted displaceably in the cylinder (1), comprising at least one annular sealing element (3) of an L-shaped construction, wherein one limb of the L-shaped sealing element for static sealing is mounted in a fixed manner on the piston and the other, free limb of the sealing element abuts against the cylinder inner wall in dynamically sealing manner, characterized in that there is disposed as an independent component on the piston at the side of the sealing element remote from a compression space (5) an annular guide element (4) between piston and cylinder, which has a multi-limbed cross section and one limb of which is fastened to the piston (2a, 2b, 2c) in order to secure the axial position of the guide element.
  2. Sealing arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that disposed between piston (2a, 2b, 2c) and free limb of the L-shaped sealing element is a damping element (6).
  3. Sealing arrangement according to claim 2, characterized in that the damping element (6) is disposed in a circular groove that has at least one milled-off portion (34).
  4. Sealing arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that disposed on the end of the pistons (2a, 2b, 2c) at the side remote from the compression space (5) is a second annular seal (20) with an L-shaped cross section, wherein one limb of the L is free and oriented in a direction remote from the compression space.
  5. Sealing arrangement according to claim 3, characterized in that disposed on the piston (2a, 2b, 2c) between compression space (2) and the second seal (20) is a second annular guide element (21) between piston and cylinder inner wall.
  6. Sealing arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stiffness of the guide element (4) is on the one hand greater than that of the L-shaped sealing element but on the other hand low enough to guarantee a flexibly resilient function.
  7. Sealing arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the diameter F of the guide element (4) is smaller than the inside diameter Z of the cylinder (1).
  8. Sealing arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that an annular spacer (7) is disposed between sealing element (3) and guide element (4).
EP07003705A 2006-03-18 2007-02-23 Sealing assembly for a piston type vacuum pump Not-in-force EP1835178B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006012532A DE102006012532A1 (en) 2006-03-18 2006-03-18 Sealing arrangement for a reciprocating vacuum pump

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EP1835178A1 EP1835178A1 (en) 2007-09-19
EP1835178B1 true EP1835178B1 (en) 2009-01-07

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US (1) US7669516B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1835178B1 (en)
JP (1) JP5107594B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE420288T1 (en)
DE (2) DE102006012532A1 (en)

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JP5458439B2 (en) * 2010-03-24 2014-04-02 株式会社医器研 Rotary cylinder device
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DE102006012532A1 (en) 2007-09-20
JP5107594B2 (en) 2012-12-26
DE502007000351D1 (en) 2009-02-26
US7669516B2 (en) 2010-03-02
JP2007247643A (en) 2007-09-27
ATE420288T1 (en) 2009-01-15
US20070274847A1 (en) 2007-11-29
EP1835178A1 (en) 2007-09-19

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