EP1834731B1 - Process of grinding cutting tools - Google Patents
Process of grinding cutting tools Download PDFInfo
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- EP1834731B1 EP1834731B1 EP06405116A EP06405116A EP1834731B1 EP 1834731 B1 EP1834731 B1 EP 1834731B1 EP 06405116 A EP06405116 A EP 06405116A EP 06405116 A EP06405116 A EP 06405116A EP 1834731 B1 EP1834731 B1 EP 1834731B1
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- Prior art keywords
- grinding
- ground
- wheel
- grinding wheel
- roof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B53/00—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces
- B24B53/12—Dressing tools; Holders therefor
- B24B53/14—Dressing tools equipped with rotary rollers or cutters; Holders therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B3/00—Sharpening cutting edges, e.g. of tools; Accessories therefor, e.g. for holding the tools
- B24B3/36—Sharpening cutting edges, e.g. of tools; Accessories therefor, e.g. for holding the tools of cutting blades
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for grinding of cutting tools.
- Flap discs are generally not used for grinding cutting tools; they are typically used for paint stripping and rust removal.
- Cup wheels are designed as a straight truncated cone, being ground at the edge of the large base top.
- cup wheels with straight and oblique pot Both types of cup wheels have an inner recess.
- the cup wheel with oblique pot is designed as a hollow truncated cone inside.
- An abrasive coating is arranged at the base edge.
- the cup wheel with a straight pot is also hollow inside and thus has a U-shaped cross-section, wherein the abrasive coating is arranged on the end sides of the U-legs.
- Both disc types are rotationally symmetrical, the axis of symmetry being the axis of rotation.
- the grinding edge can have various shapes.
- a disadvantage of cup wheels is a long adjustment and a 180 ° rotation of the workpiece when sanding points must be grinded with each opposite on a cup wheel. Due to the disc geometry, a machining process is usually limited to the use of a single grinding wheel; Workpiece tension or machine parts would otherwise collide with the disk bodies.
- Peripheral disks also called circumferential disks
- An undercut is difficult to carry out due to the orientation of the abrasive coating to the disk body.
- Concave radii can only be ground up to a quarter circle at most.
- Profile discs have instead of a parallel to the axis of rotation extending, circumferential disc edge a conically converging disc edge with a rounded (toric) tip. Only with the torus profile is sanded, whereby a relief can be made. The life of the precise Torusprofils is very limited, a precise dressing of these discs is not possible on the grinding machine.
- a grinding pin is generally formed analogous to a milling cutter which can be clamped in a chuck, an abrasive coating being arranged instead of the milling cutters.
- the object of the invention is to provide a method for grinding of cutting tools, with or with the arbitrary concave and convex profiles can be ground with one and the same grinding wheel, wherein a dressing grinding a grinding wheel used for grinding already on the grinding of the tool used machine tool should be possible.
- the circumference of the grinding wheel is designed as a circumferential ridge with roof sides converging on it and each having an abrasive coating.
- Concave radii of a surface contour area of the cutting tool are with the ridge and / or in each case with one of the roof sides and all convex contour areas are each sandable with one of the two sides of the roof.
- the convex surface contour areas could also be ground with the ridge; However, it is more precise and faster with one of the roof sides.
- the grinding wheel can be characterized as a peripheral disk, in which the peripheral side provided with an abrasive coating is no longer a circular cylinder jacket outer side, but now two peripheral sides, an angle in cross-section, analogous to a roof ridge converge.
- the abrasive wheel is coated with diamond or cubic boron nitride abrasive material; Of course, other abrasive ingredients may be used within the scope of the invention.
- Cutting tools are mainly, but not limited to, profile exchangeable plates or profiled rotating tools.
- the symmetry axis of the grinding wheel is at the same time its axis of rotation.
- the grinding wheel will be formed as a double cone wheel (V-shaped grinding wheel), wherein both cone axes coincide and form the axis of rotation.
- the small area of each cone can now be a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation; it does not have to be.
- the two surfaces can be flat, with each other mirror-image or different curvature outwards or inwards formed.
- the thickness of the grinding wheel depends, apart from mechanical stability requirements, on the surface profile radii to be ground or on the depth and the width of the profile pockets of the tool to be ground.
- the Doppelkonusmantel vomit or roof sides will allow to converge at an angle smaller than 90 °, preferably you will choose this roof ridge angle typically with 60 °; Of course, smaller angles are possible, in particular select smaller 30 °.
- the Roof ridge angle is selected for collision reasons about 10 ° smaller than the smallest angle of concave surface contour areas to be ground. Within this limit, the angle is chosen as large as possible in order to obtain maximum stability.
- This stability includes, among other things, the mechanical stability of the grinding wheel and a geometrical stability of the roof ridge or of the torus resulting from wear.
- Sanding is now done with one of the roof sides (cone shell sides) and / or with the roof ridge (top). Thanks to the angular orientation of the sanding pad to the disk body and thanks to the slender disk geometry, an undercut can also be created. The grinding wheel thickness and the roof ridge angle determine how deep and how narrow an undercut can be made.
- the tip is usually very sharp after dressing. When sanded with it, it wears off and acts like a profile disc with a rounded tip. Although the sharp tip is used up quickly, it can also be produced again quickly with a dressing wheel already located on the same tool grinding machine. The slightly worn roof ridge is then torus-like with a very small torus radius. Because of this very small dimension deviations from a pointed geometry or the ideal torus in absolute measure are now very small and therefore tolerable. Compared to a profile grinding wheel, another grinding process is carried out with the grinding wheel according to the invention: not only with the tip, but also with the tip. H. mainly ground with the converging roof sides.
- the grinding wheels have a typical wheel diameter of 300 mm. This relatively large radius is chosen to be able to grind flat surfaces.
- any concave and convex profiles can be ground with the double cone disk, whereby concave radii with the point and straight lines in concave surface profiles of the cutting tool as well as all convex profiles with one of the two surfaces are ground.
- This very advantageous grinding technique remains on surfaces, as given in particular in pot or peripheral disk, received:
- the straight-disk profile of the double cone disk is easy to dress.
- the flat roof sides have a long service life in the grinding process and can be used to improve the surface quality oscillating.
- a grinding machine with such a double cone disk provides good workpiece accessibility, no problems with clamping devices and small machine paths.
- the assembly of the machine with several discs (for example coarse-grained for roughing and fine-grained for finishing) is possible without collision.
- the use of different discs for roughing results in a higher erosion performance and allows a more stable production process as a result of sparing the discs, in particular the slices.
- the discs must now be dressed less and less often. It can also be followed by polishing cuts in the same machining program, which only serve to improve the surface quality with minimal abrasion.
- the polishing process benefits from the grinding process proposed here, since fine-grain slices with grain sizes in the range of a few thousandths of a millimeter tolerate only the smallest of cuts. Very accurate wheel geometries and equally accurate tool geometries prior to the polishing operation are required.
- the in the FIGS. 1 to 3 illustrated grinding wheel 1 has on the disc circumference (disc sheath) two trained as roof sides disc edge sides 3a and 3b, which converge to a circumferential ridge 5 .
- the two roof sides 3a and 3b collide at a ridge angle ⁇ .
- the size of the ridge angle ⁇ depends on the surface contour to be ground. As a rule, ridge angle ⁇ is less than 90 °, typically 60 °.
- the roof sides 3a and 3b are covered with an abrasive coating 7a and 7b, respectively.
- a breakthrough 9 is present in order to attach the disc 1 on a mandrel of a grinding head, not shown, can.
- the grinding wheel 1 is rotationally symmetrical about its axis of rotation 10 .
- the axis of rotation 10 forms the axis of the aperture 9.
- a plane in which the peripheral roof ridge 5 is located, also forms a plane of symmetry 12.
- the plane of symmetry 12 defines together with one of the roof sides 3a and 3b and one of the side surfaces 19a and 19a mentioned below.
- 19b a cone [ 19a-3a-12 and 19b-3b-12 ].
- the grinding wheel 1 can thus also be referred to as a double cone disk, the axis of rotation 10 being identical to the cone axes.
- FIGS. 4a to 4j is the respective relative position between a grinding workpiece 11 to be ground and the grinding wheel 1 shown at different surface contour areas.
- FIG. 4a It is shown how an approximately plane, straight running surface contour area 13 can be ground with the roof side 3b of the grinding wheel 1.
- the tool 11 to be ground will generally be moved. If an undercut 14 with a concave surface contour, as in FIG. 4b are indicated, ground, is worked with the roof ridge 5 of the grinding wheel 1 .
- a grinding of a now following straight or convex surface contour area 15, as in Figure 4c is shown with the Roof side 3a ground.
- a following on the surface portion 15 convex edge 17 is further ground with the roof side 3a ( FIG. 4d ).
- the approximately flat surface area 18 following the edge 17 is further ground with the roof side 3 a ( Figure 4e ).
- the tool 11 is displaced and with the same roof side 3 a a flat (or convexly curved) surface area 20 (FIG. FIG. 4f ) ground.
- the relief surface 21 having a concave surface area is made with the roof ridge 5 (FIG. Figure 4g ).
- the following approximately straight surface region 22 of the relief cut is then connected to the roof side 3b ( FIG. Figure 4h ) and then also the following edge 23 ( FIG. 4i ) ground.
- the already ground surface area 18 could, as in FIG. 4j shown again reground with the roof side 3b , in order to obtain a good transition from the edge 23 to the surface region 18 .
- the surface contour areas 14 and 15 as well as 21 and 22 represent a relief section.
- a plurality of grinding wheels are generally used for grinding tools.
- a Abrichtschleiffraction 30 used to dress the grinding wheel 1 , ie to grind the sides of the roof after a longer grinding operation and to sharpen the roof ridge.
- Abrichtschleiffraction and one or more grinding wheels 1 are located on the same machine tool. That is, a dressing of the grinding wheels can be made without removing the grinding wheels from the machine tool, resulting in a large time gain.
- the grinding wheel can now as in the FIGS. 1 to 3 can be formed as a disc with mutually parallel side surfaces 19a and 19b . But it can also in addition to outwardly slightly cambered side surfaces, as mentioned above, also cambered inwardly offset side surfaces or even and parallel to each other, as in a FIG. 6 shown grinding wheel 32 are used.
- a base 34 of the roof sides 36a and 35b is wider than the thickness d of the grinding wheel 32.
- An advantage of this grinding wheel 32 over the grinding wheel 1 is the smaller dimension and thus a smaller mass, which changes rapidly the rotational frequency allows. However, to achieve a uniform rotational speed during grinding, higher speed control and constant maintenance requirements are required due to the lower mass.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
- Grinding-Machine Dressing And Accessory Apparatuses (AREA)
- Mechanical Treatment Of Semiconductor (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Schleifen von Zerspanungswerkzeugen.The invention relates to a method for grinding of cutting tools.
Zum Schleifen von Zerspanungswerkzeugen wurden Topfscheiben, Profilscheiben, Peripheriescheiben und Schleifstifte verwendet. Lamellenschleifscheiben werden in der Regel nicht zum Schleifen von Zerspanungswerkzeugen verwendet; sie dienen typischerweise zum Entlacken und Entrosten.For grinding of cutting tools cup wheels, profiled disks, peripheral disks and grinding pins were used. Flap discs are generally not used for grinding cutting tools; they are typically used for paint stripping and rust removal.
Topfscheiben sind als gerader Kegelstumpf ausgebildet, wobei am Rand der grossen Basisoberseite geschliffen wird. Es gibt Topfscheiben mit geradem und schrägem Topf. Beide Topfscheibenarten haben eine innere Ausnehmung. Die Topfscheibe mit schrägem Topf ist als innen hohler Kegelstumpf ausgebildet. Ein Schleifbelag ist am Basisrand angeordnet. Die Topfscheibe mit geradem Topf ist ebenfalls innen hohl und hat somit einen U-förmigen Querschnitt, wobei der Schleifbelag an den Stirnseiten der U-Schenkel angeordnet ist. Beide Scheibenarten sind rotationssymmetrisch ausgebildet, wobei die Symmetrieachse die Rotationsachse ist.Cup wheels are designed as a straight truncated cone, being ground at the edge of the large base top. There are cup wheels with straight and oblique pot. Both types of cup wheels have an inner recess. The cup wheel with oblique pot is designed as a hollow truncated cone inside. An abrasive coating is arranged at the base edge. The cup wheel with a straight pot is also hollow inside and thus has a U-shaped cross-section, wherein the abrasive coating is arranged on the end sides of the U-legs. Both disc types are rotationally symmetrical, the axis of symmetry being the axis of rotation.
Der Schleifrand kann diverse Formgebungen aufweisen. Nachteilig bei Topfscheiben ist ein langer Verstellweg und eine 180° Rotation des Werkstücks, wenn mit jeweils an einer Topfscheibe gegenüberliegenden Schleiforten geschliffen werden muss. Aufgrund der Scheibengeometrie wird ein Bearbeitungsprozess normalerweise auf die Verwendung einer einzigen Schleifscheibe begrenzt; Werkstück-Spannung oder Maschinenteile würden sonst mit den Scheibenkörpern kollidieren.The grinding edge can have various shapes. A disadvantage of cup wheels is a long adjustment and a 180 ° rotation of the workpiece when sanding points must be grinded with each opposite on a cup wheel. Due to the disc geometry, a machining process is usually limited to the use of a single grinding wheel; Workpiece tension or machine parts would otherwise collide with the disk bodies.
Peripheriescheiben, auch Umfangscheiben genannt, können als Scheiben mit einem zur Drehachse parallel angeordneten, umlaufenden Schleifbelag ausgebildet sein. Ein Hinterschliff ist aufgrund der Orientierung des Schleifbelags zum Scheibenkörper schwer durchführbar. Konkave Radien können maximal nur bis zum Viertelkreis geschliffen werden.Peripheral disks, also called circumferential disks, can be designed as disks with a circumferential abrasive coating arranged parallel to the axis of rotation. An undercut is difficult to carry out due to the orientation of the abrasive coating to the disk body. Concave radii can only be ground up to a quarter circle at most.
Profilscheiben haben anstelle eines parallel zur Drehachse verlaufenden, umlaufenden Scheibenrands einen konisch zusammenlaufenden Scheibenrand mit einer abgerundeten (torischen) Spitze. Nur mit dem Torusprofil wird geschliffen, wobei auch ein Hinterschliff vorgenommen werden kann. Der Standweg des präzisen Torusprofils ist sehr begrenzt, ein präzises Abrichten dieser Scheiben ist nicht auf der schleifenden Maschine möglich.Profile discs have instead of a parallel to the axis of rotation extending, circumferential disc edge a conically converging disc edge with a rounded (toric) tip. Only with the torus profile is sanded, whereby a relief can be made. The life of the precise Torusprofils is very limited, a precise dressing of these discs is not possible on the grinding machine.
Ein Schleifstift ist in der Regel analog zu einem in ein Futter einspannbaren Fräser ausgebildet, wobei anstelle der Fräserschneiden ein Schleifbelag angeordnet ist.A grinding pin is generally formed analogous to a milling cutter which can be clamped in a chuck, an abrasive coating being arranged instead of the milling cutters.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren zum Schleifen von Zerspanungswerkzeugen zu schaffen, mit der bzw. mit dem beliebige konkave und konvexe Profile mit ein und derselben Schleifscheibe geschliffen werden können, wobei ein Abrichtschleifen einer zum Schleifen verwendeten Schleifscheibe bereits auf der zum Schleifen des Werkzeugs verwendeten Werkzeugmaschine möglich sein soll.The object of the invention is to provide a method for grinding of cutting tools, with or with the arbitrary concave and convex profiles can be ground with one and the same grinding wheel, wherein a dressing grinding a grinding wheel used for grinding already on the grinding of the tool used machine tool should be possible.
Die Lösung der Aufgabe erfolgt durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung ergeben sich durch die Merkmale der abhängigen Patentansprüche.The object is achieved by the features of claim 1 Preferred embodiments of the invention result from the features of the dependent claims.
Bei einer Schleifscheibe zur Durchführung des Verfahrens gemäss der Erfindung zum Schleifen von Zerspanungswerkzeugen ist der Umfang der Schleifscheibe als umlaufenden First mit auf ihn zusammenlaufenden, je einen Schleifbelag aufweisenden Dachseiten ausgebildet. Konkave Radien eines Oberflächenkonturbereichs des Zerspanungswerkzeugs sind mit dem First und/oder jeweils mit einer der Dachseiten und alle konvexen Konturbereiche sind mit jeweils einer der beiden Dachseiten schleifbar. Selbstverständlich könnten die konvex ausgebildeten Oberflächenkonturbereiche auch mit dem First geschliffen werden; präziser und schneller geht es jedoch mit jeweils einer der Dachseiten. Die Schleifscheibe kann als eine Umfangscheibe gekennzeichnet werden, bei der die mit einem Schleifbelag versehene Umfangseite nicht mehr eine Kreiszylindermantelaussenseite ist, sondern nun zwei Umfangseiten, im Querschnitt einen Winkel einschliessend, analog zu einem Dachfirst, zusammenlaufen.In a grinding wheel for carrying out the method according to the invention for grinding cutting tools, the circumference of the grinding wheel is designed as a circumferential ridge with roof sides converging on it and each having an abrasive coating. Concave radii of a surface contour area of the cutting tool are with the ridge and / or in each case with one of the roof sides and all convex contour areas are each sandable with one of the two sides of the roof. Of course, the convex surface contour areas could also be ground with the ridge; However, it is more precise and faster with one of the roof sides. The grinding wheel can be characterized as a peripheral disk, in which the peripheral side provided with an abrasive coating is no longer a circular cylinder jacket outer side, but now two peripheral sides, an angle in cross-section, analogous to a roof ridge converge.
Dokument
Typischerweise ist die Schleifscheibe mit Diamant oder kubischem Bornitrid als Schleifwirkstoff beschichtet; andere Schleifwirkstoffe können selbstverständlich im Rahmen der Erfindung verwendet werden. Zerspanungswerkzeuge sind hauptsächlich, aber nicht einschränkend, Profil-Wechselplatten oder profilierte rotierende Werkzeuge.Typically, the abrasive wheel is coated with diamond or cubic boron nitride abrasive material; Of course, other abrasive ingredients may be used within the scope of the invention. Cutting tools are mainly, but not limited to, profile exchangeable plates or profiled rotating tools.
Die Symmetrieachse der Schleifscheibe ist gleichzeitig deren Rotationsachse. Vorzugsweise wird man die Schleifscheibe als Doppelkonusscheibe (V-shaped grinding wheel) ausbilden, wobei beide Konusachsen zusammenfallen und die Rotationsachse bilden. Die kleine Fläche jedes Konusses kann nun eine zur Rotationsachse senkrecht verlaufende Ebene sein; muss es aber nicht. Die beiden Flächen können eben, mit zueinander spiegelbildlicher oder unterschiedlicher Wölbung nach aussen oder nach innen ausgebildet sein.The symmetry axis of the grinding wheel is at the same time its axis of rotation. Preferably, the grinding wheel will be formed as a double cone wheel (V-shaped grinding wheel), wherein both cone axes coincide and form the axis of rotation. The small area of each cone can now be a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation; it does not have to be. The two surfaces can be flat, with each other mirror-image or different curvature outwards or inwards formed.
Die Dicke der Schleifscheibe richtet sich, abgesehen von mechanischen Stabilitätsanforderungen, nach den zu schleifenden Oberflächenprofilradien bzw. nach der Tiefe und der Breite der Profiltaschen des zu schleifenden Werkzeuges. Die Doppelkonusmantelflächen bzw. Dachseiten wird man mit einem Winkel kleiner 90° zusammenlaufen lassen, bevorzugt wird man diesen Dachfirstwinkel typischerweise mit 60° wählen; selbstverständlich sind auch kleinere Winkel möglich, insbesondere kleiner 30° wählen. Der Dachfirstwinkel wird aus Kollisionsgründen ca. 10° kleiner gewählt als der kleinste Winkel von zu schleifenden konkaven Oberflächenkonturbereichen. Innerhalb dieser Grenze wird der Winkel, um eine maximalen Stabilität zu erhalten, möglichst gross gewählt. Unter diese Stabilität fällt u.a. die mechanische Stabilität der Schleifscheibe und eine geometrische Stabilität des Dachfirsts bzw. des nach einer Abnutzung entstandenen Torus'. Geschliffen wird nun mit jeweils einer der Dachseiten (Konusmantelseiten) und/oder mit dem Dachfirst (Spitze). Dank der winkligen Orientierung des Schleifbelags zum Scheibenkörper und dank der schlanken Scheibengeometrie kann auch ein Hinterschliff erzeugt werden. Die Schleifscheibendicke und der Dachfirstwinkel bestimmen, wie tief und wie schmal ein Hinterschliff ausgeführt werden kann.The thickness of the grinding wheel depends, apart from mechanical stability requirements, on the surface profile radii to be ground or on the depth and the width of the profile pockets of the tool to be ground. The Doppelkonusmantelflächen or roof sides will allow to converge at an angle smaller than 90 °, preferably you will choose this roof ridge angle typically with 60 °; Of course, smaller angles are possible, in particular select smaller 30 °. Of the Roof ridge angle is selected for collision reasons about 10 ° smaller than the smallest angle of concave surface contour areas to be ground. Within this limit, the angle is chosen as large as possible in order to obtain maximum stability. This stability includes, among other things, the mechanical stability of the grinding wheel and a geometrical stability of the roof ridge or of the torus resulting from wear. Sanding is now done with one of the roof sides (cone shell sides) and / or with the roof ridge (top). Thanks to the angular orientation of the sanding pad to the disk body and thanks to the slender disk geometry, an undercut can also be created. The grinding wheel thickness and the roof ridge angle determine how deep and how narrow an undercut can be made.
Ein Abrichten ist sehr einfach, da nur die Dachseiten, in der Regel eben, bearbeitet werden müssen.Dressing is very easy, since only the roof sides, usually flat, must be processed.
Die Spitze ist in der Regel nach dem Abrichten sehr scharf. Wenn mit ihr geschliffen wird, nützt sie sich ab und wirkt dann wie eine Profilscheibe mit abgerundeter Spitze. Die scharfe Spitze nützt sich zwar schnell ab, kann aber ebenso schnell wieder mit einer bereits auf derselben Werkzeugschleifmaschine sich befindenden Abrichtschleifscheibe erzeugt werden. Der leicht abgenutzte Dachfirst ist dann Torus-ähnlich mit einem sehr kleinen Torusradius. Aufgrund dieser sehr kleinen Dimension sind nun Abweichungen von einer spitzen Geometrie oder vom idealen Torus im Absolutmass sehr klein und somit tolerierbar. Gegenüber einer Profilschleifscheibe wird mit der erfindungsgemässen Schleifscheibe ein anderer Schleifvorgang durchgeführt: Es wird nicht nur mit der Spitze, sondern auch, d. h. hauptsächlich, mit den zusammenlaufenden Dachseiten geschliffen.The tip is usually very sharp after dressing. When sanded with it, it wears off and acts like a profile disc with a rounded tip. Although the sharp tip is used up quickly, it can also be produced again quickly with a dressing wheel already located on the same tool grinding machine. The slightly worn roof ridge is then torus-like with a very small torus radius. Because of this very small dimension deviations from a pointed geometry or the ideal torus in absolute measure are now very small and therefore tolerable. Compared to a profile grinding wheel, another grinding process is carried out with the grinding wheel according to the invention: not only with the tip, but also with the tip. H. mainly ground with the converging roof sides.
Die Schleifscheiben haben einen typischen Scheibendurchmesser von 300 mm. Dieser verhältnismässig grosse Radius wird gewählt, um ebene Flächen schleifen zu können.The grinding wheels have a typical wheel diameter of 300 mm. This relatively large radius is chosen to be able to grind flat surfaces.
Schleifen und Abrichten können in vorteilhafter Weise auf ein und derselben Maschine durchgeführt werden.Grinding and dressing can be performed advantageously on one and the same machine.
Typischerweise wird man nicht nur eine dieser Schleifscheiben in einer Werkzeugschleifmaschine anordnen, sondern mehrere.Typically, not only one of these grinding wheels will be arranged in one tool grinding machine, but several.
Es können beliebige konkave und konvexe Profile mit der Doppelkonusscheibe geschliffen werden, wobei konkave Radien mit der Spitze und Geraden in konkaven Oberflächenprofilen des Zerspanungswerkzeuges sowie alle konvexen Profile mit einer der beiden Flächen geschliffen werden. Diese sehr vorteilhafte Schleiftechnik an Flächen bleibt, wie sie insbesondere bei Topf- oder Peripheriescheibe gegeben ist, erhalten: Das geradlinige Scheibenprofil der Doppelkonusscheibe ist einfach abzurichten. Die flächigen Dachseiten haben eine lange Standzeit im Schleifprozess und können zur Verbesserung der Oberflächengüte pendelnd eingesetzt werden.Any concave and convex profiles can be ground with the double cone disk, whereby concave radii with the point and straight lines in concave surface profiles of the cutting tool as well as all convex profiles with one of the two surfaces are ground. This very advantageous grinding technique remains on surfaces, as given in particular in pot or peripheral disk, received: The straight-disk profile of the double cone disk is easy to dress. The flat roof sides have a long service life in the grinding process and can be used to improve the surface quality oscillating.
Eine Schleifmaschine mit einer derartigen Doppelkonusscheibe ergibt eine gute Werkstückzugänglichkeit, keine Probleme mit Spannmitteln und kleine Maschinenwege. Die Bestückung der Maschine mit mehreren Scheiben (z.B. grobkörnige fürs Schruppen und feinkörnige fürs Schlichten) ist kollisionsfrei möglich. Die Verwendung von unterschiedlichen Scheiben zum Schruppen ergeben eine höhere Abtragungsleistung und erlauben einen stabileren Produktionsprozess infolge einer Schonung der Scheiben, insbesondere der Schichtscheiben. Die Scheiben müssen nun weniger und seltener abgerichtet werden. Es können zudem Polierschliffe im gleichen Bearbeitungsprogramm nachgeschaltet werden, die bei kleinstem Abtrag nur noch zur Verbesserung der Oberflächengüte dienen. Das Polierschleifen profitiert hierbei vom hier vorgeschlagenen Schleifverfahren, da Feinkornscheiben mit Korngrössen im Bereich weniger Tausendstelmillimeter nur geringste Abträge tolerieren. Sehr genaue Scheibengeometrien und ebenso genaue Werkzeuggeometrien vor der Polieroperation sind Bedingung.A grinding machine with such a double cone disk provides good workpiece accessibility, no problems with clamping devices and small machine paths. The assembly of the machine with several discs (for example coarse-grained for roughing and fine-grained for finishing) is possible without collision. The use of different discs for roughing results in a higher erosion performance and allows a more stable production process as a result of sparing the discs, in particular the slices. The discs must now be dressed less and less often. It can also be followed by polishing cuts in the same machining program, which only serve to improve the surface quality with minimal abrasion. The polishing process benefits from the grinding process proposed here, since fine-grain slices with grain sizes in the range of a few thousandths of a millimeter tolerate only the smallest of cuts. Very accurate wheel geometries and equally accurate tool geometries prior to the polishing operation are required.
Aus der nachfolgenden Detailbeschreibung und der Gesamtheit der Patentansprüche ergeben sich weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen und Merkmalskombinationen der Erfindung.From the following detailed description and the totality of the claims, further advantageous embodiments and feature combinations of the invention result.
Die zur Erläuterung der Ausführungsbeispiele verwendeten Zeichnungen zeigen
- Fig. 1
- einen Querschnitt durch eine Ausführungsvariante einer Schleifscheibe zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Vefahrens,
- Fig. 2
- eine Draufsicht auf die in
Figur 1 dargestellte Schleifscheibe, - Fig. 3
- eine Seitenansicht der in
Figur 1 dargestellten Schleifscheibe, - Fig. 4a - 4j
- schematische Darstellung zum Schleifen von unterschiedlichen Oberflächenprofilen eines Zerspanwerkzeuges mit der in den
Figuren 1 bis 3 dargestellten Schleifscheibe, - Fig. 5
- eine schematische Darstellung für ein Abrichtschleifen einer Schleifscheibe mit einer Abrichtscheibe, welche auf derselben Werkzeugmaschine, wie die Werkzeug schleifenden Schleifscheiben angeordnet ist und
- Fig. 6
- eine Variante zu der in den
Figuren 1 bis 3 dargestellten Schleifscheibe.
- Fig. 1
- a cross section through an embodiment of a grinding wheel for carrying out the method according to the invention,
- Fig. 2
- a top view of the in
FIG. 1 illustrated grinding wheel, - Fig. 3
- a side view of in
FIG. 1 illustrated grinding wheel, - Fig. 4a - 4j
- schematic representation for grinding different surface profiles of a cutting tool with in the
FIGS. 1 to 3 illustrated grinding wheel, - Fig. 5
- a schematic representation of a dressing grinding a grinding wheel with a dressing wheel, which is arranged on the same machine tool as the tool grinding grinding wheels and
- Fig. 6
- a variant to that in the
FIGS. 1 to 3 illustrated grinding wheel.
Grundsätzlich sind in den Figuren gleiche Teile und Elemente mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen.Basically, the same parts and elements are provided with the same reference numerals in the figures.
Die in den
Die Schleifscheibe 1 ist zu ihrer Rotationsachse 10 rotationssymmetrisch aufgebaut. Die Rotationsachse 10 bildet die Achse des Durchbruchs 9. Eine Ebene, in der der umlaufende Dachfirst 5 liegt, bildet ebenfalls eine Symmetrieebene 12. Die Symmetrieebene 12 definiert zusammen mit jeweils einer der Dachseiten 3a bzw. 3b und einer der unten erwähnten Seitenflächen 19a bzw. 19b einen Konus [19a-3a-12 bzw. 19b-3b-12]. Die Schleifscheibe 1 kann somit auch als Doppelkonusscheibe bezeichnet werden, wobei die Rotationsachse 10 identisch mit den Konusachsen ist.The grinding wheel 1 is rotationally symmetrical about its axis of rotation 10 . The axis of rotation 10 forms the axis of the
In den
Anstatt ausgehend von
Auf einer Werkzeugmaschine werden in der Regel mehrere Schleifscheiben zum Schleifen von Werkzeugen eingesetzt. Um die Schleifscheibe 1 abzurichten, d.h. die Dachseiten nach einem längeren Schleifeinsatz eben zu schleifen und den Dachfirst zu schärfen, wird , wie in
Die Schleifscheibe kann nun wie in den
Claims (7)
- Process for grinding cutting tools (11) with one and the same grinding wheel (1; 32) on a machine tool, wherein
the grinding wheel (1; 32) has roof sides (3a, 3b; 36a, 36b) which converge towards a circumferential ridge (5) at the wheel edge and have one grinding layer (7a, 7b) each, and
the roof sides (3a, 3b; 36a, 36b) are dressed, with a sharp ridge (5) being formed, without removing the grinding wheel (1; 32) from the machine tool, and
with the roof sides (7a, 7b) of one and the same grinding wheel (1; 32), straight lines (13, 15, 18, 20, 22) are ground in concave surface contour regions of the cutting tool (11) to be ground in each case,
characterized in that all the convex contour regions (17, 23) are ground with one of the two roof sides (3a, 3b; 36a, 36b) converging towards the ridge (5) and concave radii in surface contours (14; 21) of the cutting tool (11) are ground with the ridge (5) and/or one of the roof sides (3a, 3b; 36a, 36b). - Process according to Claim 1, characterized in that the roof sides (3a, 3b; 36a, 36b) are dressed on the machine tool.
- Process according to Claim 1, characterized in that the cutting tool (11) is ground with a grinding wheel (1; 32) which is designed as a double-cone wheel and in which a rotation axis (10) coincides with a cone axis.
- Process according to Claim 1, characterized in that the cutting tool (11) is ground with a grinding wheel (1, 32) having roof sides (3a, 3b; 36a, 36b) which are designed as double-cone lateral surfaces and converge at an angle (α) of less than 90°.
- Process according to Claim 2, characterized in that the cutting tool (11) is ground with a grinding wheel (1; 32) which is designed as a double-cone wheel and in which a rotation axis (10) coincides with a cone axis and a machine-tool spindle axis.
- Process according to Claim 2, characterized in that at least one of the roof sides (3a, 3b; 36a, 36b) of the grinding wheel (1, 32) is dressed with at least one dressing wheel (30) of the machine tool, preferably in the form of a double-cone lateral surface.
- Process according to Claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of these grinding wheels (1; 32) are present, preferably with different wheel thicknesses, in particular with grinding layers (7a, 7b) having different abrasive grain sizes, and preferably with different ridge angles (α).
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE502006006932T DE502006006932D1 (en) | 2006-03-15 | 2006-03-15 | Method of grinding cutting tools |
AT06405116T ATE467482T1 (en) | 2006-03-15 | 2006-03-15 | METHOD FOR GRINDING CUTTING TOOLS |
EP06405116A EP1834731B1 (en) | 2006-03-15 | 2006-03-15 | Process of grinding cutting tools |
US11/724,258 US20070232202A1 (en) | 2006-03-15 | 2007-03-15 | Grinding wheel, machine tool with grinding wheel and a method for grinding cutting tools |
JP2007066000A JP2007245337A (en) | 2006-03-15 | 2007-03-15 | Grinding wheel, machine tool with grinding wheel and method for grinding cutting tools |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP06405116A EP1834731B1 (en) | 2006-03-15 | 2006-03-15 | Process of grinding cutting tools |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1834731A1 EP1834731A1 (en) | 2007-09-19 |
EP1834731B1 true EP1834731B1 (en) | 2010-05-12 |
Family
ID=36581798
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP06405116A Not-in-force EP1834731B1 (en) | 2006-03-15 | 2006-03-15 | Process of grinding cutting tools |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20070232202A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1834731B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2007245337A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE467482T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE502006006932D1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107065768A (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-08-18 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of Impeller Machining cutter path global optimization method |
Families Citing this family (13)
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US7451013B2 (en) * | 2004-04-29 | 2008-11-11 | Surfware, Inc. | Engagement milling |
GB2479993B (en) * | 2010-04-27 | 2012-03-14 | Irwin Ind Tool Co | Method and apparatus for making a cutting tool |
JP5615053B2 (en) | 2010-06-17 | 2014-10-29 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Manufacturing method of total cutter and grinding tool for total cutter |
US20150142936A1 (en) | 2013-10-21 | 2015-05-21 | Nyansa, Inc. | System and method for observing and controlling a programmable network using time varying data collection |
US9969058B2 (en) * | 2013-11-05 | 2018-05-15 | United Technologies Corporation | System and method for contoured peel grinding |
GB201516019D0 (en) * | 2015-09-10 | 2015-10-28 | Rolls Royce Plc | Apparatus, methods, computer programs and non-transitory computer readable storage mediums for machining objects |
US10230609B2 (en) | 2016-04-18 | 2019-03-12 | Nyansa, Inc. | System and method for using real-time packet data to detect and manage network issues |
US10193741B2 (en) | 2016-04-18 | 2019-01-29 | Nyansa, Inc. | System and method for network incident identification and analysis |
US10200267B2 (en) | 2016-04-18 | 2019-02-05 | Nyansa, Inc. | System and method for client network congestion detection, analysis, and management |
CN106112134B (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-12-22 | 无锡市东赫金属制品有限公司 | A kind of automobile gear sander with fine adjustment function |
CN106944885A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-07-14 | 周俭生 | The mill glue knife system of vertical plain grinding |
US10666494B2 (en) | 2017-11-10 | 2020-05-26 | Nyansa, Inc. | System and method for network incident remediation recommendations |
CN114248076A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-03-29 | 苏州群凯利精工股份有限公司 | Right-angle machining method for improved tool opening corner |
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GB2289982A (en) * | 1994-06-02 | 1995-12-06 | Tokyo Seimitsu Co Ltd | Apparatus and method for manufacturing chamfered semiconductor wafers |
DE19632463A1 (en) * | 1995-08-18 | 1997-02-27 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Appts. for shaping grinding wheels |
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US1725246A (en) * | 1924-07-19 | 1929-08-20 | Bath John | Method of making thread dies |
US2144987A (en) * | 1936-08-20 | 1939-01-24 | Frank P Miller | Method for making cutter blades |
DE3522977A1 (en) * | 1985-06-27 | 1987-01-08 | Buderus Ag | METHOD FOR PROFILE PROFILING OF A WORKPIECE |
DE4210710C2 (en) * | 1992-03-27 | 2003-03-20 | Niles Werkzeugmaschinen Gmbh | Method and device for grinding groove-shaped outer profiles of a workpiece |
DE19624842C2 (en) * | 1996-06-21 | 2000-08-10 | Reishauer Ag | Method for the flexible profiling of grinding worms, a profiling tool and a device for carrying out the method |
US6491568B1 (en) * | 1997-02-21 | 2002-12-10 | Reishauer Ag | Profiling methods and apparatus for generation of modified grinding worms |
JP2000254845A (en) * | 1999-03-10 | 2000-09-19 | Nippei Toyama Corp | Chamfering method of notch groove of wafer, and wafer |
DE19910746B4 (en) * | 1999-03-11 | 2007-02-08 | Reishauer Ag | Apparatus and method for profiling grinding wheels |
-
2006
- 2006-03-15 AT AT06405116T patent/ATE467482T1/en active
- 2006-03-15 DE DE502006006932T patent/DE502006006932D1/en active Active
- 2006-03-15 EP EP06405116A patent/EP1834731B1/en not_active Not-in-force
-
2007
- 2007-03-15 JP JP2007066000A patent/JP2007245337A/en active Pending
- 2007-03-15 US US11/724,258 patent/US20070232202A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2289982A (en) * | 1994-06-02 | 1995-12-06 | Tokyo Seimitsu Co Ltd | Apparatus and method for manufacturing chamfered semiconductor wafers |
DE19632463A1 (en) * | 1995-08-18 | 1997-02-27 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Appts. for shaping grinding wheels |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107065768A (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-08-18 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of Impeller Machining cutter path global optimization method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2007245337A (en) | 2007-09-27 |
US20070232202A1 (en) | 2007-10-04 |
ATE467482T1 (en) | 2010-05-15 |
DE502006006932D1 (en) | 2010-06-24 |
EP1834731A1 (en) | 2007-09-19 |
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