EP1827762B1 - Abrasive product and method for the production thereof - Google Patents

Abrasive product and method for the production thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1827762B1
EP1827762B1 EP05809970.6A EP05809970A EP1827762B1 EP 1827762 B1 EP1827762 B1 EP 1827762B1 EP 05809970 A EP05809970 A EP 05809970A EP 1827762 B1 EP1827762 B1 EP 1827762B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
matrix
abrasive
abrasive grains
binder
backing
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EP05809970.6A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1827762A1 (en
Inventor
Klaus-Peter Spies
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Klingspor AG
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Klingspor AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D11/00—Constructional features of flexible abrasive materials; Special features in the manufacture of such materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D11/00—Constructional features of flexible abrasive materials; Special features in the manufacture of such materials
    • B24D11/001—Manufacture of flexible abrasive materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
    • B24D3/001—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as supporting member

Definitions

  • the invention generally relates to an abrasive in which abrasive grains are embedded in a matrix of a binder, and in which an abrasive grain-filled contact surface is formed to grind a workpiece.
  • a good coating of the filler or the abrasive grains is achieved be, in the sense of US 2,825,838 A from 1985 a liquid, rubbery copolymer can be used as a binding aid.
  • An elastomeric design of the cured binder is not provided.
  • abrasive bodies with elastically yielding binders are compact bodies, for example as cuboids, or else shaped compact or solid abrasive bodies, for. B. as a grinding wheel. Both cellular and cell-free versions are known.
  • the known compact bodies of this kind have been and are regularly cast as a whole in a mold, as has been practiced on the applicant side for four decades.
  • the invention further relates specifically to abrasives with cell-free, in particular unfoamed, binder in the already mentioned contrast to cellular, especially foamed, binder.
  • the elastically yielding compact bodies mentioned in the introduction to the state of the art or "solid" in the grouping mentioned are in particular cast elastomers.
  • the abrasives according to the invention also use cast elastomers in particular.
  • the cell-free binder abrasives to which the invention relates are distinguished in that they are neither physically nor chemically foamed by appropriate concrete process control.
  • the objective is rather to avoid foaming within the maximum possible range.
  • remaining cell formations can not be completely avoided. Therefore, in any case, in describing the particular marketable abrasive product, the reference to actual and theoretical densities appears to be the most appropriate in practice.
  • the PUR is used massively, in particular with a density of not less than 800 kg / m 3 , which adequately describes the minimum porosity.
  • Abrasive on a base in which the abrasive article has a cellular and in particular foamed binder, in contrast, for example, from DE 31 14 001 A1 and the DE 19 07 983 A1 known.
  • the invention relates specifically to abrasives whose abrasive article has a thermosetting binder of the abrasive grains.
  • the invention refers back to itself as binders of abrasive grains of abrasive articles per se known thermosets, such as those made of polyurethane. Also rubber can be used in the context of the invention as a binder of the abrasive grains.
  • thermoplastic binder of the abrasive grains in the form of a plasticized Kolloxylins shows the contrast DD 106 585 A , which, unlike the thermosets used in the context of the invention, additionally requires the use of a plasticizer or "plasticizer" with approximately the same proportion (1: 1 or 0.8: 1). Also, to avoid smearing of the abrasive article, a level of at least 60 weight percent of the abrasive powder in the abrasive article is required, incidentally a proportion of more than 80 percent of the abrasive powder is believed to adversely affect adhesion of the abrasive article.
  • This known abrasive article is specially designed for the formation of the abrasive article as an extremely thin layer of abrasive with a thickness of the layer, measured perpendicular to the base, in the range of 10 microns to a maximum of 40 microns.
  • a rather exotic known abrasive is mentioned whose binder is kneadable for the abrasive grains and thus to adapt to predetermined profiles of a workpiece surface to be ground ( DD 255 903 A1 ).
  • endless abrasive belts have been considered to support an endless belt having strip-shaped abrasive bodies as a base, the matrix containing the abrasive grains being each formed by a flexible polyurethane foam, these abrasive bodies being individually applied to the endless belt by means of a separate belt Adhesive were attached (see. GB-B 821929 , especially page 2 lines 3 to 7).
  • this idea requires a production effort disproportionate for mass production by cutting the abrasive body and their separate bonding and has therefore found no input into practice.
  • abrasive grains whose grain size is selected according to the desired result directly to a base by means of an inelastic binder such as skin glue and now synthetic resin.
  • This pad absorbs tensile and centrifugal forces generated by the machine.
  • the abrasive grains are fixed only one layer on the substrate and each protrude with protruding sections from the grinding with the workpiece in grinding engagement passing contact surface. As soon as the protruding sections have worn out in the grinding operation so far that the binder comes into frictional contact with the workpiece, the efficiency of grinding decreases significantly and there is undesirable smearing of the binder on the ground surface of the workpiece.
  • the matrix is divided into a plurality of spaced matrix bodies which increase toward the backing in the direction from the respective free contact surface with the workpiece Cross-section parallel to the base have ( DE-T2 69210221 ).
  • the invention has for its object to provide an abrasive referred to in the preamble of claim 1, which is suitable as a mass-produced or mass-produced rational mass production or mass production for use as a "finishing" tool on modern grinding machines and a long service life united with high consistent "finishing" quality.
  • a contact surface filled with abrasive grains is already provided in the new state, which possibly has to be exposed in the last phase of the production process by detaching a covering binder skin of the binder of the matrix.
  • protrude from the thus obtained original first contact surface with the workpiece still sections of the abrasive grains.
  • these protruding portions of the abrasive grains are wholly or substantially pressed into the matrix, substantially eliminating abrasive erosion on the workpiece.
  • the support ensures the same quality of work regardless of the degree of use of the matrix even with the high operating parameters such as speed, belt speed or characteristic values of an oscillation.
  • the preparation of the abrasive according to the invention can be made rationally and inexpensively in a few steps.
  • the abrasion is essentially determined by the choice of the binder, the optionally added fillers and the grain type of the abrasive grains.
  • the binder can be adjusted specifically.
  • Abrasive is particularly effective in "finishing" relatively rough workpiece surfaces. These can be leveled to extremely fine and defect-free surfaces even if the abrasive grains in the abrasive according to the invention are relatively coarse.
  • the claims 2 to 41 relate to advantageous developments of the abrasive according to the invention and the claims 42 to 47 preferred manufacturing method for the abrasive according to the invention.
  • an abrasive article whose elastically yielding matrix comprises a cell-free thermosetting binder, directly, ie without the intervention of a separate adhesive layer, applied to a flexible pad to form an integral body, wherein in use of the abrasive continuously abraded abrasive grains can be replaced out of the depth of the matrix and this can be continued until complete or near exhaustion of the abrasive article to the flexible backing without loss of abrasive quality.
  • the elastic-resilient training of Grinding matrix and abrasive grains can give the entire abrasive in conjunction with the flexibility of the pad its own flexibility that can be selected adapted to the application.
  • the same abrasive can be made available to the consumer irrespective of whether or not the latter must be flexible during sanding. As a result, it is unnecessary in many applications, for such in the need for flexibility of the abrasive different applications to keep several abrasives in stock in stock.
  • Claims 2 and 3 relate to preferred upper and lower limits of the density of the binder in the matrix or the abrasive body.
  • the claims 4 to 8 relate to preferred selection criteria with respect to the elastic-resilient design of the matrix in terms of elasticity (claims 4 and 5), hardness (claims 6 and 7) and elongation at break (claim 8).
  • Claim 9 specifies preferred criteria under which the backing of the matrix or of the abrasive body is considered to be flexible.
  • the claims 10 and 11 relate to preferred dimensions of the thickness of the matrix perpendicular to the substrate in terms of minimum thickness (claim 10) and maximum strength (claim 11).
  • Presently preferred for use strengths are 1000 microns, ie 1.0 mm, and 1500 microns, ie 1.5 mm.
  • a particularly noteworthy application of the invention is in this sense the production of the abrasive as a flat material, in particular as a web.
  • Claims 12 and 13 relate to preferred measures of the ratio of the volume fractions of the abrasive grains and the binder of the matrix with a lower limit (claim 12) and an upper limit (claim 13).
  • Claim 14 indicates preferred grain size ranges of the abrasive grains.
  • Claim 15 indicates preferred size ranges of the Shore hardness of the abrasive.
  • Claims 16 to 20 relate to preferred materials for the cell-free thermosetting binder. This may be filled according to industry standard manner according to claim 21, to which specify the claims 22 and 23 specific recipes.
  • Claim 24 relates to a special formulation in the event that the binder can foam in the nature of what should be avoided as much as possible within the scope of the invention.
  • Claim 24 provides for the use of specifically a foam inhibitor as an additive to the binder.
  • Claims 25 and 27 relate to preferred choices of the type of abrasive grains.
  • Claim 28 relates to a preferred arrangement of the abrasive grains in the matrix.
  • Claims 29 to 32 relate to preferred subdivisions of the matrix into individual matrix bodies.
  • the claims 33 to 36 relate to preferred designs of the pad.
  • the claims 37 to 40 relate to preferred geometric shapes of the abrasive for different grinding tools.
  • Claim 41 finally relates to a preferred embodiment of the original contact surface of the abrasive in its marketable training prior to its use on the workpiece to be sanded.
  • the variant according to claim 37 with formation of the abrasive according to the invention as an endless belt.
  • the action on the workpiece in the same abrasive can also be varied by the location of the endless belt, the action on the workpiece.
  • Particularly noteworthy are the places of action on the one hand on a contact wheel and on the other hand on a free strand of the endless belt.
  • the hardness of the contact wheel and the Belt speed can serve as meaningful parameters.
  • the invention also relates to processes for the preparation of the abrasive according to the invention, cf. Claims 42 to 47.
  • Fig. 1 shows the contact surface of the abrasive in partial view
  • Fig. 2 an enlarged partial view of Fig. 1 according to the in Fig. 1 illustrated white circle
  • Fig. 3 in a further enlargement, the representation of a cross-sectional portion of the same abrasive perpendicular to the contact surface.
  • a flexible supporting pad 2 with a matrix 4 (in Fig. 3 dotted) consisting of an elastically yielding and cell-free thermosetting binder 6, for example, made of unfoamed polyurethane, as well as fillers and adhesives, glued, wherein in the matrix 4 in homogeneous distribution or parallel to the pad 2 layers of abrasive grains 8 are incorporated.
  • the binder 6 serves not only to bond the abrasive grains S in the matrix 4, but at the same time the matrix 4 with the pad 2, and thus makes a separate adhesive layer between matrix 4 and pad 2 unnecessary.
  • a free contact surface 10 is formed parallel to the base 2.
  • the contact surface 10 protrude when the abrasive is out of service, free burrs of the abrasive grains 8 under the restoring force of the elastically resilient binder 6 something out, which is not shown in the drawing.
  • the abrasive grains in the region of the free contact surface 10 in interaction with a workpiece, not shown, and against the restoring force of the elastically yielding binder 6 completely or substantially completely pressed into the matrix 4.
  • abrasive grains 8 project out of the contact surface only to the extent that, together with the binder 6 of the matrix 4, a microstructure is formed on the contact surface 10.
  • the illustrated special embodiment still has the following special feature:
  • the matrix 4 is subdivided into a plurality of regularly hexagonal matrix bodies 4 a whose boundary surfaces run on the hexagonal outline perpendicular to the base 2, so that regardless of the degree of wear of the matrix 4, the same regularly hexagonal cross section of the respective matrix body 4 a to the respective base 2 or remains parallel to the contact surface 10.
  • the matrix bodies 4a rise in each case individually from the base 2. In each case a uniformly dimensioned continuous light gap 12 remains between them, which starts from the base 2 and extends into the area of the contact surface 10.
  • the clear gaps 12 can be used for air or liquid cooling of the workpiece, not shown.
  • the matrix bodies 4a form a uniform honeycomb structure of the matrix 4.
  • the grinding direction 16 is selected so that it extends on the imaginary connecting line of two opposite corners of a matrix body 4a. These are in turn arranged offset from one another in each case in a gap, so that even in the case of destabilization of a matrix body 4a mutual support is provided on an adjacent non-destabilized matrix body 4a.
  • the stainless steel tubes are initially on a centerless grinder pre-sanded with a sanding belt grain size P80.
  • an endless belt according to the invention was used with the following characteristics: flexible cotton carrier about 320 g / m 2 as support, polyurethane as cell-free thermosetting binder with a layer thickness of 1200 ⁇ m, abrasive grain silicon carbide P60 in homogeneous distribution in the binder.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich allgemein gesehen auf ein Schleifmittel, bei dem Schleifkörner in einer Matrix eines Bindemittels eingebettet sind, und bei dem eine mit Schleifkörnern besetzte Kontaktfläche zum Schleifen eines Werkstücks ausgebildet ist.The invention generally relates to an abrasive in which abrasive grains are embedded in a matrix of a binder, and in which an abrasive grain-filled contact surface is formed to grind a workpiece.

Es ist seit den Anfängen der Entwicklung derartiger Schleifmittel bekannt, deren Schleifkörper in homogenem Aufbau zu fertigen. Dabei hat man von Anfang an unelastische Bindemittel und auch schon seit vielen Jahrzehnten elastisch-nachgiebige Bindemittel eingesetzt. Ein Beispiel eines solchen Schleifkörpers mit unelastischen Bindemitteln ist ein Schleifstein. Beispielsweise zu dessen Herstellung - oder allgemeiner zur Herstellung eines füllstoffhaltigen Formkorpus oder harzgebundenen Schleifkörpers - beschreibt die DE 43 28 345 A1 eine duroplastische Mischung unter Verwendung von Novolaken als Harze des Binders, also von Polykondensationsprodukten aus Formaldehyd und Phenolen und somit speziellen Phenolharzen. Dabei soll eine gute Umhüllung des Füllstoffs bzw. der Schleifkörner erreicht werden, wozu auch im Sinne der US 2 825 838 A aus 1985 ein flüssiges, kautschukartiges Copolymer als Bindungshilfsmittel herangezogen werden kann. Eine elastomere Ausbildung des gehärteten Bindemittels ist dabei nicht vorgesehen. Beispiele solcher Schleifkörper mit elastisch-nachgiebigen Bindemitteln sind kompakte Körper, z.B. als Quader, oder auch anders geformte kompakte bzw. massive Schleifkörper, z. B. als Schleifrad. Dabei sind sowohl zellige als auch zellfreie Ausführungen bekannt. Die bekannten derartigen kompakten Körper wurden und werden regelmäßig als ganzes in einer Form gegossen, wie es anmelderseitig schon seit vier Jahrzehnten praktiziert wird.It has been known since the beginning of the development of such abrasives to produce their abrasive body in a homogeneous structure. It has been used from the beginning of inelastic binder and also for many decades elastic-resilient binder. An example of such an abrasive article with inelastic binders is a whetstone. For example, for its production - or more generally for the production of a filler-containing molded body or resin-bonded abrasive article - describes the DE 43 28 345 A1 a thermosetting mixture using novolaks as resins of the binder, ie of polycondensation products of formaldehyde and phenols and thus special phenolic resins. In this case, a good coating of the filler or the abrasive grains is achieved be, in the sense of US 2,825,838 A from 1985 a liquid, rubbery copolymer can be used as a binding aid. An elastomeric design of the cured binder is not provided. Examples of such abrasive bodies with elastically yielding binders are compact bodies, for example as cuboids, or else shaped compact or solid abrasive bodies, for. B. as a grinding wheel. Both cellular and cell-free versions are known. The known compact bodies of this kind have been and are regularly cast as a whole in a mold, as has been practiced on the applicant side for four decades.

Diese seit Jahrzehnten bekannten Schleifmittel mit elastisch-nachgiebigen Bindemitteln der Schleifkörner sind bisher wegen ihres Aufbaus als kompakte bzw. massive Schleifkörper regelmäßig ohne im Schleifmittel integrierte Unterlage gefertigt. Bei Schleifmitteln mit unelastischem Bindemittel bilden demgegenüber in branchenüblichem Sprachgebrauch "Schleifmittel auf Unterlage" seit vielen Jahrzehnten eine eigene Produktklasse.These abrasives, which have been known for decades with elastically yielding binders of the abrasive grains, have hitherto been regularly produced as a compact or solid abrasive body without a base integrated in the abrasive because of their construction. For abrasives with an inelastic binder, by contrast, in the customary usage of the language "abrasive on backing" has been a separate product class for many decades.

Es ist dabei schon seit 1982 bekannt ( US 4 317 660 A ), ein flaches Schleifmittel, z.B. als flexibles glattes Schleifband, so zu fertigen, dass eine flexible Unterlage mit einem punktförmigen Bindemittelraster mittels einer Schablone belegt und dann mit Schleifmittelkörnern besprüht wird, wonach die gewonnene Schicht ausgehärtet und gegebenenfalls dann mit einer ebenfalls auszuhärtenden Deckschicht versehen wird.It has been known since 1982 ( US 4 317 660 A ), a flat abrasive, eg as a flexible smooth abrasive belt, to be finished so that a flexible pad is covered with a dot-like binder pattern by means of a template and then sprayed with abrasive grains, after which the recovered layer is cured and optionally then provided with a likewise to be cured cover layer ,

Die Erfindung bezieht sich ferner speziell auf Schleifmittel mit zellfreiem, insbesondere ungeschäumtem, Bindemittel im schon erwähnten Gegensatz zu zelligem, insbesondere geschäumtem, Bindemittel.The invention further relates specifically to abrasives with cell-free, in particular unfoamed, binder in the already mentioned contrast to cellular, especially foamed, binder.

In Bezug auf " Saechtling Kunststoff Taschenbuch, 28. Ausgabe, von Karl Oberbach, Verlag Hansa, S. 555, Bild 4.18 " soll deutlich gemacht werden, dass jedenfalls bei PUR (Polyurethan) - und wohl auch bei allen anderen schaumbildenden Bindemitteln - generell zwischen Schaumstoffen und zellfreien Bindungen unterschieden wird.In relation to " Saechtling Plastic Paperback, 28th Edition, by Karl Oberbach, Verlag Hansa, p. 555, picture 4.18 "it should be made clear that at least in polyurethane (polyurethane) - and probably also in all other foam-forming binders - a distinction is generally between foams and cell-free bonds.

Dabei zerfallen die zellfreien PUR in einer für die Erfindung besonders wesentlichen Gruppierung:

  • Massive PUR
  • Gieß- und Sprühelastomere
  • thermoplastische Elastomere
  • Kautschuk
In this case, the cell-free PU disintegrate in a particularly important for the invention grouping:
  • Massive PUR
  • Casting and spraying elastomers
  • thermoplastic elastomers
  • rubber

Die aus eingangs zum Stand der Technik angesprochenen elastisch-nachgiebigen kompakten bzw. in der genannten Gruppierung "massiven" Körper sind dabei speziell Gießelastomere. Auch die erfindungsgemäßen Schleifmittel verwenden insbesondere Gießelastomere.The elastically yielding compact bodies mentioned in the introduction to the state of the art or "solid" in the grouping mentioned are in particular cast elastomers. The abrasives according to the invention also use cast elastomers in particular.

Bei als Schaumstoff gefertigten Bindemitteln unterscheidet man zwischen physikalisch bzw. mechanisch durch Lufteintrag hergestellte Schaumstoffen und "chemisch" unter Verwendung von Treibmitteln erzeugte Schaumstoffen.In the case of binders made as foam, a distinction is made between foams produced physically or mechanically by air introduction and foams produced "chemically" using blowing agents.

Die Schleifmittel mit zellfreiem Bindemittel, auf die sich die Erfindung bezieht, sind dadurch ausgezeichnet, dass sie weder physikalisch noch chemisch durch dementsprechende konkrete Prozessführung zielgerichtet aufgeschäumt sind. Zielsetzung ist vielmehr, eine Aufschäumung im Rahmen des maximal möglichen zu vermeiden. Dabei können allerdings in der Praxis restliche Zellbildungen nicht gänzlich vermieden werden. Deswegen erscheint jedenfalls bei der Beschreibung des konkreten marktfähig hergestellten Schleifmittelprodukts die Bezugnahme auf tatsächliche und theoretische Dichten im Verhältnis für die Praxis am sachgerechtesten.The cell-free binder abrasives to which the invention relates are distinguished in that they are neither physically nor chemically foamed by appropriate concrete process control. The objective is rather to avoid foaming within the maximum possible range. However, in practice remaining cell formations can not be completely avoided. Therefore, in any case, in describing the particular marketable abrasive product, the reference to actual and theoretical densities appears to be the most appropriate in practice.

Für aufschäumende Bindemittel lassen sich die Verhältnisse am besten am Beispiel des PUR veranschaulichen. Gemäß " Saechtling Kunststoff Taschenbuch, 28. Ausgabe,von Karl Oberbach, Verlag Hansa, S. 554ff , kann man zwischen Formschäumen (30-300kg/m3), Hartschäumen (30 - 90kg/m3), sowie offenzelligen Schäumen (20 - 40kg/m3) unterscheiden.For foaming binders, the conditions can best be illustrated by the example of PUR. According to " Saechtling Plastic Paperback, 28th edition, by Karl Oberbach, Verlag Hansa, p. 554ff , you can differentiate between molded foams (30-300kg / m 3 ), rigid foams (30 - 90kg / m 3 ) and open celled foams (20 - 40kg / m 3 ).

Erfindungsgemäß wird das PUR aber massiv, insbesondere mit einer Dichte von nicht unter 800kg/m3, eingesetzt, was die minimale Porosität hinreichend beschreibt.According to the invention, however, the PUR is used massively, in particular with a density of not less than 800 kg / m 3 , which adequately describes the minimum porosity.

Schleifmittel auf Unterlage, bei denen der Schleifkörper ein zelliges und insbesondere aufgeschäumtes Bindemittel aufweist, sind demgegenüber beispielsweise aus der DE 31 14 001 A1 und der DE 19 07 983 A1 bekannt.Abrasive on a base, in which the abrasive article has a cellular and in particular foamed binder, in contrast, for example, from DE 31 14 001 A1 and the DE 19 07 983 A1 known.

Die Erfindung bezieht sich schließlich speziell auf Schleifmittel, deren Schleifkörper ein duroplastisches Bindemittel der Schleifkörner aufweist. Die Erfindung greift dabei auf an sich als Bindemittel von Schleifkörnern von Schleifkörpern an sich bekannte Duroplaste zurück, wie beispielsweise solche aus Polyurethan. Auch Kautschuk kann im Rahmen der Erfindung als Bindemittel der Schleifkörner verwendet werden.Finally, the invention relates specifically to abrasives whose abrasive article has a thermosetting binder of the abrasive grains. The invention refers back to itself as binders of abrasive grains of abrasive articles per se known thermosets, such as those made of polyurethane. Also rubber can be used in the context of the invention as a binder of the abrasive grains.

Ein Beispiel eines thermoplastischen Bindemittels der Schleifkörner in Form eines plastifizierten Kolloxylins zeigt demgegenüber die DD 106 585 A , die anders als bei den im Rahmen der Erfindung eingesetzten Duroplasten zusätzlich die Verwendung eines Weichmachers bzw. "Plastifikators" mit etwa gleichem Anteil (1:1 bzw. 0,8:1) verlangt. Auch ist zur Vermeidung eines Schmierens des Schleifmittels ein Anteil von mindestens 60 Gewichtsprozent des Schleifpulvers in dem Schleifkörper verlangt, wobei beiläufig ein entsprechender Anteil des Schleifpulvers von mehr als 80% als schädlich für eine Haftung des Schleifkörpers angesehen wird. Dieser bekannte Schleifkörper ist speziell für Ausbildung des Schleifkörpers als extrem dünne Schleifmittelschicht mit einer Stärke der Schicht, gemessen senkrecht zur Unterlage, im Bereich von 10 µm bis maximal 40 µm konzipiert.An example of a thermoplastic binder of the abrasive grains in the form of a plasticized Kolloxylins shows the contrast DD 106 585 A , which, unlike the thermosets used in the context of the invention, additionally requires the use of a plasticizer or "plasticizer" with approximately the same proportion (1: 1 or 0.8: 1). Also, to avoid smearing of the abrasive article, a level of at least 60 weight percent of the abrasive powder in the abrasive article is required, incidentally a proportion of more than 80 percent of the abrasive powder is believed to adversely affect adhesion of the abrasive article. This known abrasive article is specially designed for the formation of the abrasive article as an extremely thin layer of abrasive with a thickness of the layer, measured perpendicular to the base, in the range of 10 microns to a maximum of 40 microns.

Grundsätzlich ist es aus " Sächtling Kunststofftaschenbuch, 28. Auflage, Hansa Verlag München 2001, S. 45 bis 47 " bekannt, Polymere zu klassifizieren, und zwar in amorphe Thermoplaste, teilkristalline Thermoplaste, thermoplastische Elastomere, vernetzte Elastomere und Duroplaste.Basically it's made of " Sächtling Kunststofftaschenbuch, 28th edition, Hansa Verlag Munich 2001, pp. 45 to 47 "known to classify polymers in amorphous thermoplastics, semi-crystalline thermoplastics, thermoplastic elastomers, crosslinked elastomers and thermosets.

Nur der Ordnung halber sei noch ein eher exotisches bekanntes Schleifmittel erwähnt, dessen Bindemittel für die Schleifkörner knetbar ist und sich so an vorgegebene Profile einer zu schleifenden Werkstückoberfläche anpassen soll ( DD 255 903 A1 ).Just for the sake of order, a rather exotic known abrasive is mentioned whose binder is kneadable for the abrasive grains and thus to adapt to predetermined profiles of a workpiece surface to be ground ( DD 255 903 A1 ).

Im Laufe der technischen Entwicklung der hier in Frage stehenden Schleifmittel wurden die Arbeitsgeschwindigkeiten, z.B. eines rotierenden oder oszillierenden Betriebs, auf der Seite der Schleifwerkzeuge oder der Schleifmaschinen immer höher, so dass schon vor etlichen Jahrzehnten homogene Schleifmittel mit elastisch-nachgiebigen Bindemitteln den auftretenden Beschleunigungs- und Zugkräften einschl. Zentrifugalkräften nicht mehr Stand hielten, was ohne Sondermaßnahmen zu einer frühzeitigen Zerstörung der von dem elastisch-nachgiebigen Bindemittel gebildeten Matrix des Schleifmittel führte. Bei Schleifrädern besteht eine dieser Sondermaßnahmen darin, den das Schleifmittel bildenden Schleifbelag eines festen Kerns des Schleifrades immer dünner zu bemessen, wodurch nur relativ kurze Standzeiten erreichbar sind. Bei endlosen Schleifbändern hat man auch schon vor fast einem halben Jahrhundert in Betracht gezogen, ein als Unterlage dienendes Endlosband mit streifenförmigen Schleifkörpern zu belegen, deren die Schleifkörner enthaltende Matrix jeweils von einem nachgiebigen Polyurethanschaum gebildet ist, wobei diese Schleifkörper einzeln auf dem Endlosband mittels eines gesonderten Klebstoffes befestigt wurden (vgl. GB-B 821929 , insbesondere Seite 2 Zeilen 3 bis 7). Diese Idee erfordert jedoch einen für Serienfertigung unverhältnismäßigen Herstellungsaufwand durch Zuschnitt der Schleifkörper und deren gesonderte Verklebung und hat daher bis heute keinen Eingang in die Praxis gefunden.In the course of the technical development of the abrasive in question, the working speeds, for example of a rotating or oscillating operation, on the side of Grinding tools or grinding machines ever higher, so that even decades ago homogeneous abrasive with elastic-compliant binders the acceleration and tensile forces including centrifugal forces no longer withstand, which without special measures to early destruction of the matrix formed by the elastically-resilient binder led the abrasive. For grinding wheels, one of these special measures is to make the abrasive abrasive layer of a solid core of the grinding wheel always thinner, which only relatively short service life can be achieved. Almost half a century ago, endless abrasive belts have been considered to support an endless belt having strip-shaped abrasive bodies as a base, the matrix containing the abrasive grains being each formed by a flexible polyurethane foam, these abrasive bodies being individually applied to the endless belt by means of a separate belt Adhesive were attached (see. GB-B 821929 , especially page 2 lines 3 to 7). However, this idea requires a production effort disproportionate for mass production by cutting the abrasive body and their separate bonding and has therefore found no input into practice.

Für konventionelles abtragendes Schleifen ist es seit jeher üblich, Schleifkörner, deren Körngröße je nach dem gewünschten Ergebnis gewählt wird, vermittels eines unelastischen Bindemittels, wie anfangs Hautleim und jetzt Kunstharz, direkt auf einer Unterlage zu verkleben. Diese Unterlage nimmt maschinenseitig erzeugte Zug- und Fliehkräfte auf. In diesem konventionellen Fall sind die Schleifkörner nur einlagig auf der Unterlage fixiert und ragen jeweils mit vorspringenden Abschnitten schleifwirksam aus der mit dem Werkstück in Schleifeingriff tretenden Kontaktfläche hervor. Sobald sich die vorspringenden Abschnitte im Schleifbetrieb soweit abgebraucht haben, dass das Bindemittel in reibenden Kontakt mit dem Werkstück tritt, lässt der Wirkungsgrad des Schleifens deutlich nach und es kommt zu unerwünschten Verschmierungen des Bindemittels auf der geschliffenen Fläche des Werkstücks.For conventional abrading grinding, it has been customary to bond abrasive grains whose grain size is selected according to the desired result directly to a base by means of an inelastic binder such as skin glue and now synthetic resin. This pad absorbs tensile and centrifugal forces generated by the machine. In this conventional case, the abrasive grains are fixed only one layer on the substrate and each protrude with protruding sections from the grinding with the workpiece in grinding engagement passing contact surface. As soon as the protruding sections have worn out in the grinding operation so far that the binder comes into frictional contact with the workpiece, the efficiency of grinding decreases significantly and there is undesirable smearing of the binder on the ground surface of the workpiece.

Bei einem Schleifmittel, dessen Schleifkörner in einer Matrix eines strahlungsgehärteten unelastischen Bindemittels homogen auf einer über das Bindemittel gebundenen Unterlage angeordnet sind, ist die Matrix in mehrere im gegenseitigem Abstand verteilte Matrixkörper aufgeteilt, die in Richtung von der jeweiligen freien Kontaktfläche mit dem Werkstück zur Unterlage zunehmenden Querschnitt parallel zur Unterlage haben ( DE-T2 69210221 ).In an abrasive whose abrasive grains in a matrix of radiation cured inelastic binder are homogeneously disposed on a substrate bonded over the binder, the matrix is divided into a plurality of spaced matrix bodies which increase toward the backing in the direction from the respective free contact surface with the workpiece Cross-section parallel to the base have ( DE-T2 69210221 ).

Bei einem abtragenden Schleifen ragen also jeweils schleifwirksame Teilbereiche von Schleifkörnern aus der Kontaktfläche hervor, wobei die Güte der geschliffenen Fläche um so besser wird, je kleiner die Korngröße der Schleifkörner ist. Hiervon unterscheiden muss man eine Endbearbeitung im sinne eines "Finishing", was auch mit Honen oder Läppen vergleichbar ist. Hierbei ist im wesentlichen kein abtragendes Schleifen mehr angestrebt, sondern eine Reduzierung der Rau(h)tiefe der Oberfläche.In the case of abrading grinding, respective abrasive portions of abrasive grains protrude from the contact surface, the better the quality of the ground surface, the smaller the grain size of the abrasive grains. This must be distinguished from a finishing in the sense of a "finishing", which is also comparable to honing or lapping. In this case, essentially no abrading grinding is desired, but a reduction of the rough (h) depth of the surface.

Für den Einsatz bei modernen Schleifmaschinen sieht man für diesen Zweck des "Finishing" jetzt üblicherweise als Schleifmittel Schleifvliese vor. Gem. DE-T2 69609709 (insbesondere Anspruch 4) ist dabei eine Vielzahl von Schleifpartikeln mit einem offenen lockeren Gewebe organischer Fasern über ein Bindemittelsystem verklebt. Bei dem hiermit erfolgendem "Finishing" werden Grate der bearbeiteten Fläche seitlich weggebogen oder gebrochen. Fehlstellen in der Schleiffläche des Werkstücks, wie etwa Kratzer und Schrammen, werden dabei aber nur kaschiert und nicht herausgeschliffen.For use in modern grinding machines it is now common for this purpose of "finishing" as abrasives grinding fleece before. Gem. DE-T2 69609709 (In particular claim 4) is glued a plurality of abrasive particles with an open loose tissue organic fibers via a binder system. In doing so "finishing" burrs of the machined surface are laterally bent away or broken. Defects in the grinding surface of the workpiece, such as scratches and scratches, but are only laminated and not ground out.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Schleifmittel der im Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1 genannten Art zu schaffen, welches als Massenartikel bzw. Großserienartikel in rationeller Massenfertigung bzw. Großserienfertigung für den Einsatz als "Finishing-" Werkzeug an modernen Schleifmaschinen geeignet ist und eine lange Standzeit mit hoher gleichbleibender "Finishing-" Güte vereint.The invention has for its object to provide an abrasive referred to in the preamble of claim 1, which is suitable as a mass-produced or mass-produced rational mass production or mass production for use as a "finishing" tool on modern grinding machines and a long service life united with high consistent "finishing" quality.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einem Schleifmittel mit den Merkmalen von Anspruch 1 gelöst.This object is achieved with an abrasive having the features of claim 1.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßem Schleifmittel ist im Neuzustand bereits eine mit Schleifkörnern besetzte Kontaktfläche bereit gestellt, die evtl. in der letzten Phase des Herstellungsprozesses durch Ablösen einer überdeckenden Bindemittelhaut des Bindemittels der Matrix freigelegt werden muss. Dabei ragen aus der dadurch gewonnenen ursprünglichen ersten Kontaktfläche mit dem Werkstück noch Abschnitte der Schleifkörner heraus. Beim Durchführen des "Finishing" werden diese herausragenden Abschnitte der Schleifkörner jedoch ganz oder weitgehend in die Matrix eingedrückt, so dass ein abtragender Schleifeingriff am Werkstück im wesentlichen unterbleibt. Dabei wird eine Verschmierung der Schleiffläche am Werkstück dadurch vermieden oder zumindest minimiert, dass sich während des Abbrauchs der Schleifkörnerbelegung der Matrix das zuvor umgebende elastischnachgiebige Bindemittel nicht auf der Schleiffläche des Werkstücks verschmiert, sondern radiergummiartig abreibt. Dabei brauchen sich weniger die Schleifkörner selber ab, sondern sie fallen nach und nach aus der jeweils aktuellen Kontaktfläche heraus. Dieser Ausfall von Schleifkörnern regeneriert sich dabei kontinuierlich aus der Tiefe der Matrix, so dass während des "Finishing" trotz Abbrauch der Matrix die Güte des "Finishing" gleich bleibt. Dies gilt sogar bis zum fast vollständigen- Abbrauch der Matrix an deren Verbindung zur Unterlage. Die Unterlage stellt dabei auch bei den hohen Arbeitsparametern wie Drehzahl, Bandgeschwindigkeit oder Kennwerte einer Oszillation die gleichbleibende Arbeitsgüte unabhängig vom Grad des Abbrauchs der Matrix sicher. Die Herstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Schleifmittels lässt sich dabei rationell und kostengünstig in wenigen Arbeitsschritten vornehmen.In the case of the inventive abrasive, a contact surface filled with abrasive grains is already provided in the new state, which possibly has to be exposed in the last phase of the production process by detaching a covering binder skin of the binder of the matrix. In this case, protrude from the thus obtained original first contact surface with the workpiece still sections of the abrasive grains. However, when performing "finishing", these protruding portions of the abrasive grains are wholly or substantially pressed into the matrix, substantially eliminating abrasive erosion on the workpiece. In this way, a smearing of the grinding surface on the workpiece is thereby avoided or at least minimized that during the abrasion of the abrasive grain occupancy of the matrix, the previously surrounding elastically compliant binder does not smear on the grinding surface of the workpiece, but rubs eraser-like. there less need the abrasive grains themselves, but they gradually fall out of the current contact surface. This failure of abrasive grains regenerates continuously from the depth of the matrix, so that during the "finishing" despite the use of the matrix, the quality of "finishing" remains the same. This is true even until the matrix is almost completely consumed at its connection to the substrate. The support ensures the same quality of work regardless of the degree of use of the matrix even with the high operating parameters such as speed, belt speed or characteristic values of an oscillation. The preparation of the abrasive according to the invention can be made rationally and inexpensively in a few steps.

Besonders hervor zu heben ist auch die mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Schleifmittel in Verbindung mit modernen Schleifmaschinen erreichbare Güte des "Finishing", die aus dem bisher möglichen hervor sticht. So ist die mit Schleifvliesen erreichbare "Finishing-" Wirkung nach der Erfindung noch mit einer im Vergleich mit Schleifvliesen zusätzlichen minimalen abtragenden Wirkung der Schleifkörner derart verbunden, dass nach der Erfindung sogar Fehlstellen in der Schleiffläche nicht nur kaschiert, sondern herausgeschliffen werden oder mindestens aufgedeckt werden können. Dies ermöglicht in überraschender Weise sogar ohne weitere Nachbehandlung eine fehlerfreie nachträgliche Verchromung dafür geeigneter Werkstücke.Particularly noteworthy is also achievable with the abrasive according to the invention in connection with modern grinding quality of "finishing", which stands out from the hitherto possible. Thus, the achievable with abrasive nonwovens "finishing" effect of the invention is still associated with an additional in comparison with abrasive nonwovens minimum abrasive effect of the abrasive grains that even flaws are not only concealed in the grinding surface according to the invention, but are ground out or at least uncovered can. This allows in a surprising manner, even without further treatment, a faultless subsequent chrome plating suitable workpieces.

Der Abrieb ist im wesentlichen bestimmt durch die Wahl des Bindemittels, die gegebenenfalls zugesetzten Füllstoffe und die Kornart der Schleifkörner. Für das Bearbeiten der unterschiedlichen Werkstoffe, wie z.B. Messing, Aluminium oder Edelstahl, kann das Bindemittel spezifisch eingestellt werden. Das erfindungsgemäße Schleifmittel ist besonders wirksam beim "Finishing" von relativ rauhen Werkstückoberflächen. Diese lassen sich selbst dann zu extrem feinen und fehlerfreien Oberflächen einebnen, wenn die Schleifkörner im erfindungsgemäßen Schleifmittel relativ grob sind.The abrasion is essentially determined by the choice of the binder, the optionally added fillers and the grain type of the abrasive grains. For the processing of different materials, such as brass, aluminum or stainless steel, the binder can be adjusted specifically. The invention Abrasive is particularly effective in "finishing" relatively rough workpiece surfaces. These can be leveled to extremely fine and defect-free surfaces even if the abrasive grains in the abrasive according to the invention are relatively coarse.

All dies wird erreicht, in dem in Abweichung von der aktuellen Entwicklungstendenz in neuartiger Weise auf die Verwendung elastisch-nachgiebiger Bindemittel in der Matrix zurückgegriffen wird, deren Berücksichtigung jahrzehntelang stagniert hat.All of this is achieved by deviating from current trends in a novel way of using elastically-yielding binders in the matrix, the consideration of which has stagnated for decades.

Die Ansprüche 2 bis 41 betreffen vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen des erfindungsgemäßen Schleifmittels und die Ansprüche 42 bis 47 bevorzugte Herstellungsverfahren für das erfindungsgemäße Schleifmittel.The claims 2 to 41 relate to advantageous developments of the abrasive according to the invention and the claims 42 to 47 preferred manufacturing method for the abrasive according to the invention.

In den Unteransprüchen wird dabei, soweit generalisierende Begriffe angewandt sind, auf den branchenüblichen Sprachgebrauch, normgemäß unterstützt durch physikalische Daten und die soweit üblichen Technologien Bezug genommen.In the subclaims, insofar as generalizing terms are used, reference is made to the customary usage of the language, supported by physical data and the technologies customary in the art.

Besonders hervorgehoben sei, daß bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Schleifmittel ein Schleifkörper, dessen elastisch-nachgiebige Matrix ein zellfreies duroplastisches Bindemittel aufweist, unmittelbar, also ohne Vermittlung einer gesonderten Klebschicht, auf einer flexibel ausgebildeten Unterlage unter Bildung eines integralen Körpers aufgebracht ist, wobei bei Gebrauch des Schleifmittels fortwährend abgebrauchte Schleifkörner aus der Tiefe der Matrix heraus ersetzt werden und dies bis zum völligen oder nahezu völligen Abbrauch des Schleifkörpers bis an die flexible Unterlage heran ohne Verlust der Schleifgüte fortgesetzt werden kann. Die elastisch-nachgiebige Ausbildung des Schleifkörpers aus Matrix und Schleifkörnern kann dabei dem ganzen Schleifmittel in Verbindung mit der Flexibilität der Unterlage eine eigene Flexibilität verleihen, die an den Anwendungsfall angepasst gewählt werden kann. Außerdem kann man dem Verbraucher dasselbe Schleifmittel unabhängig davon, ob dieses seinerseits beim Schleifen flexibel sein muss oder nicht, zur Verfügung stellen. Dadurch erübrigt es sich in vielen Anwendungsfällen, für derartige im Bedarf an Flexibilität des Schleifmittels verschiedene Anwendungsfälle mehrerlei Schleifmittel bei der Lagerhaltung vorrätig zu halten.It is particularly emphasized that in the abrasive according to the invention, an abrasive article whose elastically yielding matrix comprises a cell-free thermosetting binder, directly, ie without the intervention of a separate adhesive layer, applied to a flexible pad to form an integral body, wherein in use of the abrasive continuously abraded abrasive grains can be replaced out of the depth of the matrix and this can be continued until complete or near exhaustion of the abrasive article to the flexible backing without loss of abrasive quality. The elastic-resilient training of Grinding matrix and abrasive grains can give the entire abrasive in conjunction with the flexibility of the pad its own flexibility that can be selected adapted to the application. In addition, the same abrasive can be made available to the consumer irrespective of whether or not the latter must be flexible during sanding. As a result, it is unnecessary in many applications, for such in the need for flexibility of the abrasive different applications to keep several abrasives in stock in stock.

Die Ansprüche 2 und 3 betreffen dabei bevorzugte Ober- und Untergrenzen der Dichte des Bindemittels in der Matrix bzw. dem Schleifkörper.Claims 2 and 3 relate to preferred upper and lower limits of the density of the binder in the matrix or the abrasive body.

Die Ansprüche 4 bis 8 betreffen bevorzugte Auswahlkriterien bezüglich der elastisch-nachgiebigen Ausbildung der Matrix hinsichtlich Elastizität (Ansprüche 4 und 5), Härte (Ansprüche 6 und 7) und Bruchdehnung (Anspruch 8).The claims 4 to 8 relate to preferred selection criteria with respect to the elastic-resilient design of the matrix in terms of elasticity (claims 4 and 5), hardness (claims 6 and 7) and elongation at break (claim 8).

Die in den Ansprüchen 2 bis 8 angegebenen Grenzwerte von Bereichen von Dichte (Ansprüche 2 und 3), Elastizität (Ansprüche 4 und 5), Härte (Ansprüche 6 und 7) und Bruchdehnung (Anspruch 8), sind dabei normgemäß festgelegt. Insbesondere können dabei die deutschen DIN-Normen oder die weltweit gültigen ISO-Normen zugrunde gelegt werden. Speziell gelten dabei folgende Zuordnungen:

  • Dichte: DIN 53479 bzw. ISO 1183 (Ansprüche 2 und 3) Elastizität: DIN 53513 bzw. ISO 527-2 (Ansprüche 4 und 5) Härte: DIN 53505 bzw. ISO 868 (Ansprüche6 und 7) Bruchdehnung: DIN 53504 bzw. ISO 527-1 (Anspruch 8).
The specified in claims 2 to 8 limits of ranges of density (claims 2 and 3), elasticity (claims 4 and 5), hardness (claims 6 and 7) and elongation at break (claim 8), are set according to standards. In particular, the German DIN standards or the worldwide valid ISO standards can be used. Specifically, the following assignments apply:
  • Density: DIN 53479 or ISO 1183 (Claims 2 and 3) Elasticity: DIN 53513 or ISO 527-2 (Claims 4 and 5) Hardness: DIN 53505 or ISO 868 (Claims 6 and 7) Elongation at break: DIN 53504 or ISO 527-1 (claim 8).

Anspruch 9 gibt bevorzugte Kriterien an, unter denen die Unterlage der Matrix bzw. des Schleifkörpers als flexibel gilt.Claim 9 specifies preferred criteria under which the backing of the matrix or of the abrasive body is considered to be flexible.

Die Ansprüche 10 und 11 betreffen bevorzugte Bemessungen der Stärke der Matrix senkrecht zur Unterlage hinsichtlich minimaler Stärke (Anspruch 10) und maximaler Stärke (Anspruch 11). Derzeit vorzugsweise zur Anwendung vorgesehene Stärken sind 1000 µm , also 1,0 mm, und 1500 µm, also 1,5 mm. Ein besonders hervorzuhebender Anwendungsfall der Erfindung ist in diesem Sinne die Herstellung des Schleifmittels als Flachmaterial, insbesondere als Bahnware.The claims 10 and 11 relate to preferred dimensions of the thickness of the matrix perpendicular to the substrate in terms of minimum thickness (claim 10) and maximum strength (claim 11). Presently preferred for use strengths are 1000 microns, ie 1.0 mm, and 1500 microns, ie 1.5 mm. A particularly noteworthy application of the invention is in this sense the production of the abrasive as a flat material, in particular as a web.

Die Ansprüche 12 und 13 betreffen bevorzugte Bemessungen des Verhältnisses der Volumenanteile der Schleifkörner und des Bindemittels der Matrix unter Angabe einer Untergrenze (Anspruch 12) und einer Obergrenze (Anspruch 13).Claims 12 and 13 relate to preferred measures of the ratio of the volume fractions of the abrasive grains and the binder of the matrix with a lower limit (claim 12) and an upper limit (claim 13).

Anspruch 14 gibt bevorzugte Korngrößenbereiche der Schleifkörner an.Claim 14 indicates preferred grain size ranges of the abrasive grains.

Anspruch 15 gibt bevorzugte Größenbereiche der Shorehärte des Schleifmittels an.Claim 15 indicates preferred size ranges of the Shore hardness of the abrasive.

Die Ansprüche 16 bis 20 betreffen bevorzugte Materialien für das zellfreie duroplastische Bindemittel. Dieses kann gemäß Anspruch 21 in branchenüblicher Weise gefüllt sein, wozu die Ansprüche 22 und 23 spezielle Rezepturen angeben.Claims 16 to 20 relate to preferred materials for the cell-free thermosetting binder. This may be filled according to industry standard manner according to claim 21, to which specify the claims 22 and 23 specific recipes.

Anspruch 24 betrifft eine spezielle Rezeptur für den Fall, daß das Bindemittel der Art nach aufschäumen kann, was im Rahmen der Erfindung so gut wie möglich vermieden werden soll. Hierzu sieht Anspruch 24 die Verwendung speziell eines Schauminhibitors als ein Zusatzstoff zum Bindemittel an.Claim 24 relates to a special formulation in the event that the binder can foam in the nature of what should be avoided as much as possible within the scope of the invention. For this Claim 24 provides for the use of specifically a foam inhibitor as an additive to the binder.

Die Ansprüche 25 und 27 betreffen bevorzugte Auswahlen der Art der Schleifkörner.Claims 25 and 27 relate to preferred choices of the type of abrasive grains.

Anspruch 28 betrifft eine bevorzugte Anordnung der Schleifkörner in der Matrix.Claim 28 relates to a preferred arrangement of the abrasive grains in the matrix.

Die Ansprüche 29 bis 32 betreffen bevorzugte Unterteilungen der Matrix in einzelne Matrixkörper.Claims 29 to 32 relate to preferred subdivisions of the matrix into individual matrix bodies.

Die Ansprüche 33 bis 36 betreffen bevorzugte Gestaltungen der Unterlage.The claims 33 to 36 relate to preferred designs of the pad.

Die Ansprüche 37 bis 40 betreffen bevorzugte geometrische Gestaltungen des Schleifmittels für unterschiedliche Schleifwerkzeuge.The claims 37 to 40 relate to preferred geometric shapes of the abrasive for different grinding tools.

Anspruch 41 schließlich betrifft eine bevorzugte Ausbildung der ursprünglichen Kontaktfläche des Schleifmittels in dessen marktfähiger Ausbildung vor dessen Einsatz am zu schleifendem Werkstück.Claim 41 finally relates to a preferred embodiment of the original contact surface of the abrasive in its marketable training prior to its use on the workpiece to be sanded.

Von besonderem Interesse ist die Variante gemäß Anspruch 37 mit Ausbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Schleifmittels als Endlosband. In dieser Ausbildung lässt sich die Einwirkung auf das Werkstück bei dem selben Schleifmittel auch noch dadurch variieren, an welchem Ort des Endlosbandes die Einwirkung auf das Werkstück erfolgt. Besonders hervorzuheben sind die Einwirkungsorte einerseits an einem Kontaktrad und anderseits an einem freien Trum des Endlosbandes. Auch die Härte des Kontaktrades und die Bandgeschwindigkeit können als sinnvolle Einflussgrößen dienen.Of particular interest is the variant according to claim 37 with formation of the abrasive according to the invention as an endless belt. In this embodiment, the action on the workpiece in the same abrasive can also be varied by the location of the endless belt, the action on the workpiece. Particularly noteworthy are the places of action on the one hand on a contact wheel and on the other hand on a free strand of the endless belt. Also the hardness of the contact wheel and the Belt speed can serve as meaningful parameters.

Die Erfindung betrifft auch Verfahren zur Herstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Schleifmittels, vgl. Ansprüche 42 bis 47.The invention also relates to processes for the preparation of the abrasive according to the invention, cf. Claims 42 to 47.

Ein an sich bekanntes Verfahren zeigt dabei die US-A 5,562,745 .A method known per se shows the US-A 5,562,745 ,

Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand der Figuren 1 bis 3 an einem speziellen Ausführungsbeispiel näher erläutert, an dem auch die allgemeine Erfindungsidee veranschaulicht wird.The invention will be described below with reference to the FIGS. 1 to 3 explained in more detail in a special embodiment, in which the general idea of the invention is illustrated.

Fig. 1 zeigt die Kontaktfläche des Schleifmittels in Teilansicht, Fig. 2 eine vergrößerte Teilansicht von Fig. 1 entsprechend dem in Fig. 1 dargestellten weißen Kreis und Fig. 3 in weiterer Vergrößerung die Darstellung eines Querschnittsabschnittes des selben Schleifmittels senkrecht zur Kontaktfläche. Fig. 1 shows the contact surface of the abrasive in partial view, Fig. 2 an enlarged partial view of Fig. 1 according to the in Fig. 1 illustrated white circle and Fig. 3 in a further enlargement, the representation of a cross-sectional portion of the same abrasive perpendicular to the contact surface.

Bei dem in allen Figuren dargestellten Schleifmittel ist eine flexible tragende Unterlage 2 mit einer Matrix 4 (in Fig. 3 punktiert dargestellt), bestehend aus einem elastisch-nachgiebigen und zellfreien duroplastischen Bindemittel 6, z.B. aus ungeschäumten Polyurethan, sowie Füll- und Zusatzstoffen, verklebt, wobei in die Matrix 4 in homogener Verteilung oder in parallel zur Unterlage 2 parallelen Lagen Schleifkörner 8 eingelagert sind. Das Bindemittel 6 dient dabei nicht nur zur Bindung der Schleifkörner S in der Matrix 4, sondern zugleich auch der Matrix 4 mit der Unterlage 2, und macht somit eine gesonderte Klebschicht zwischen Matrix 4 und Unterlage 2 entbehrlich.In the abrasive shown in all figures, a flexible supporting pad 2 with a matrix 4 (in Fig. 3 dotted) consisting of an elastically yielding and cell-free thermosetting binder 6, for example, made of unfoamed polyurethane, as well as fillers and adhesives, glued, wherein in the matrix 4 in homogeneous distribution or parallel to the pad 2 layers of abrasive grains 8 are incorporated. The binder 6 serves not only to bond the abrasive grains S in the matrix 4, but at the same time the matrix 4 with the pad 2, and thus makes a separate adhesive layer between matrix 4 and pad 2 unnecessary.

Auf der der Unterlage 2 abgewandten Seite der Matrix 4 ist eine freie Kontaktfläche 10 parallel zur Unterlage 2 ausgebildet. An der Kontaktfläche 10 ragen dann, wenn das Schleifmittel außer Betrieb ist, freie Grate der Schleifkörner 8 unter der Rückstellkraft des elastisch-nachgiebigen Bindemittels 6 etwas heraus, was zeichnerisch nicht dargestellt ist. Im Betrieb sind die Schleifkörner im Bereich der freien Kontaktfläche 10 in Wechselwirkung mit einem nicht dargestellten Werkstück und gegen die Rückstellkraft des elastisch-nachgiebigen Bindemittels 6 ganz oder weitgehend ganz in die Matrix 4 eingedrückt. Aber auch im Ursprungszustand bzw. im Zustand außer Betrieb ragen Schleifkörner 8 aus der Kontaktfläche nur soweit heraus, dass zusammen mit dem Bindemittel 6 der Matrix 4 an der Kontaktfläche 10 eine Mikrostruktur ausgebildet ist.On the side facing away from the pad 2 of the matrix 4 is a free contact surface 10 is formed parallel to the base 2. At the contact surface 10 then protrude when the abrasive is out of service, free burrs of the abrasive grains 8 under the restoring force of the elastically resilient binder 6 something out, which is not shown in the drawing. In operation, the abrasive grains in the region of the free contact surface 10 in interaction with a workpiece, not shown, and against the restoring force of the elastically yielding binder 6 completely or substantially completely pressed into the matrix 4. However, even in the original state or in the state out of operation, abrasive grains 8 project out of the contact surface only to the extent that, together with the binder 6 of the matrix 4, a microstructure is formed on the contact surface 10.

Darüber hinaus zeigt die dargestellte spezielle Ausführungsform noch folgende Besonderheit:In addition, the illustrated special embodiment still has the following special feature:

Bei durchgehender Unterlage 2 ist die Matrix 4 in eine Vielzahl von regelmäßig sechseckigen Matrixkörpern 4a unterteilt, deren Begrenzungsflächen am sechseckigen Umriss senkrecht zur Unterlage 2 verlaufen, so dass unabhängig vom Abnutzungsgrad der Matrix 4 der selbe regelmäßig sechseckige Querschnitt des jeweiligen Matrixkörpers 4a zur jeweiligen Unterlage 2 bzw. parallel zur Kontaktfläche 10 verbleibt.In the case of a continuous base 2, the matrix 4 is subdivided into a plurality of regularly hexagonal matrix bodies 4 a whose boundary surfaces run on the hexagonal outline perpendicular to the base 2, so that regardless of the degree of wear of the matrix 4, the same regularly hexagonal cross section of the respective matrix body 4 a to the respective base 2 or remains parallel to the contact surface 10.

Die Matrixkörper 4a erheben sich jeweils einzeln von der Unterlage 2. Dabei verbleibt zwischen ihnen jeweils ein gleichbleibend bemessener durchgehender lichter Spalt 12, der von der Unterlage 2 ausgeht und sich bis in den Bereich der Kontaktfläche 10 erstreckt.The matrix bodies 4a rise in each case individually from the base 2. In each case a uniformly dimensioned continuous light gap 12 remains between them, which starts from the base 2 and extends into the area of the contact surface 10.

Die lichten Spalte 12 können zur Luft- oder Flüssigkeitskühlung des nicht dargestellten Werkstücks benutzt werden.The clear gaps 12 can be used for air or liquid cooling of the workpiece, not shown.

Wie dargestellt bilden die Matrixkörper 4a eine gleichmäßige Wabenstruktur der Matrix 4. Die Schleifrichtung 16 ist dabei so gewählt, dass sie auf der gedachten Verbindungslinie von zwei gegenüberliegenden Ecken eines Matrixkörpers 4a verläuft. Diese sind ihrerseits gegeneinander jeweils auf Lücke versetzt ange-ordnet, so dass auch bei Destabilisierung eines Matrixkörpers 4a eine gegenseitige Abstützung an einem benachbarten nicht destabilisierten Matrixkörper 4a gegeben ist.As illustrated, the matrix bodies 4a form a uniform honeycomb structure of the matrix 4. The grinding direction 16 is selected so that it extends on the imaginary connecting line of two opposite corners of a matrix body 4a. These are in turn arranged offset from one another in each case in a gap, so that even in the case of destabilization of a matrix body 4a mutual support is provided on an adjacent non-destabilized matrix body 4a.

Unabhängig von der hier dargestellten speziellen sechseckigen Gestalt der einzelnen Matrixkörper 4a wird deren Gestalt und Anordnung in der Matrix 4 zweckmäßig so gewählt, dass die Verbindung der in einzelne Matrixkörper 4a aufgelöste Matrix 4 mit der Unterlage 2 die Flexibilität des ganzen Schleifkörpers erhöht. Das ist insbesondere dann besonders vorteilhaft, wenn das Schleifmittel in nicht dargestellter Weise ein Endlosband ist.Irrespective of the specific hexagonal shape of the individual matrix bodies 4a shown here, their shape and arrangement in the matrix 4 are expediently selected such that the connection of the matrix 4 with the base 2 dissolved in individual matrix bodies 4a increases the flexibility of the entire grinding body. This is especially advantageous when the abrasive is an endless belt in a manner not shown.

Versuchsbeispiel:Experimental Example: Versuchsaufbau:Experimental setup:

  • Rohrbandschleifer: Flex LBR 1506 VRA, 1200 WattPipe belt sander: Flex LBR 1506 VRA, 1200 Watt
  • Bandlänge (Endlosband): 40 mm x 618 mmBelt length (endless belt): 40 mm x 618 mm
  • Schnittgeschwindigkeit: 14 m/sCutting speed: 14 m / s
  • Werkstück: Edelstahlrohr, Werkstoff-Nr. 1.4301, Abmessung: 50 mm x 2,5 mmWorkpiece: stainless steel tube, material no. 1.4301, dimensions: 50 mm x 2.5 mm
  • Bearbeitung: Maschine wird von Hand über das Rohr geführtMachining: Machine is guided by hand over the pipe
Versuchsvorbereitung:Test preparation:

Die Edelstahlrohre werden zunächst auf einer Centerless-Schleifmaschine mit einem Schleifband Korngröße P80 vorgeschliffen. Der Mittenrauwert beträgt nach dem Vorschliff ca. Ra = 2,6 µm.The stainless steel tubes are initially on a centerless grinder pre-sanded with a sanding belt grain size P80. The average roughness value after rough grinding is approximately Ra = 2.6 μm.

Versuchsdurchführung:Experimental procedure:

Üblicherweise werden im Bereich von Geländern oder Fassaden aus Edelstahl Mittenrauwerte von Ra = 0,5 µm gefordert. Zur Erreichung wird gewöhnlich die folgende Kornsequenz verwendet: P120 - P180 - P280. Als Schleifbänder werden z.B. Standardschleifbänder CS 310 XF (flexibler Baumwollträger ca. 320g/m2, Schleifkorn Aluminiumoxid, Phenolharzbindung) eingesetzt. Es werden bislang zur Erreichung der geforderten Oberflächengüte mindestens drei Schleifdurchgänge (Korn P120 - P180 - P280) benötigt.Normally, in the area of railings or facades made of stainless steel, average roughness values of Ra = 0.5 μm are required. The following grain sequence is usually used to achieve this: P120 - P180 - P280. For example, standard grinding belts CS 310 XF (flexible cotton carrier approx. 320g / m 2 , abrasive grain alumina, phenolic resin binding) are used as grinding belts. To achieve the required surface finish, at least three grinding passes (grain P120 - P180 - P280) are required so far.

Zum Vergleich wurde unter Verwendung des gleichen Versuchsaufbaus und der gleichen Versuchsvorbereitung ein erfindungsgemäßes Endlosband eingesetzt mit folgenden Charakteristika: flexibler Baumwollträger ca. 320 g/m2 als Unterlage, Polyurethan als zellfreies duroplastisches Bindemittel mit einer Schichtstärke von 1200 µm, Schleifkorn Siliciumcarbid P60 in homogener Verteilung im Bindemittel.For comparison, using the same experimental set-up and the same experimental preparation, an endless belt according to the invention was used with the following characteristics: flexible cotton carrier about 320 g / m 2 as support, polyurethane as cell-free thermosetting binder with a layer thickness of 1200 μm, abrasive grain silicon carbide P60 in homogeneous distribution in the binder.

Innerhalb von nur einem Schleifdurchgang konnte ein Mittenrauwert von Ra = 0,5 µm erreicht werden.Within only one grinding pass a mean roughness of Ra = 0.5 μm could be achieved.

Claims (47)

  1. An abrasive wherein abrasive grains (8) are embedded in a matrix (4) comprising a non-cellular, in particular non-foamed, thermosetting binder (6) for the abrasive grains (8), and wherein a contact surface (10) covered with abrasive grains (8) is configured for abrasion of a workpiece,
    characterized by the combination of the following features:
    a) the matrix (4) is elastically yielding to such an extent that the abrasive grains (8) covering the contact surface (10) are impressed into the matrix (4) during abrasion, the elasticity of the matrix (4) not being lower than 35 %;
    b) the abrasive grains (8) are dispersed in the matrix (4) in such a manner that the consumption of the matrix (4) perpendicular to the original contact surface (10) covered with abrasive grains (8) exposes a further contact surface (10) covered with abrasive grains (8), the abrasive grains (8) being homogenously dispersed in the matrix (4);
    c) the abrasive grains (8) are dispersed in the matrix (4) in such a manner that they yield under the reset force of the matrix (4) both perpendicular and parallel to the corresponding contact surface (10) of the abrasive;
    d) the matrix (4) is bonded to a flexible backing (2);
    e) bonding the matrix (4) to its flexible backing (2) is effected directly via the binder (6) contained in the matrix (4).
  2. The abrasive according to claim 1,
    characterized in that
    a binder (6) is termed non-cellular if the density of the binder (6) in the matrix (4) is not lower than 70 % of the specific density of the substance of the binder (6).
  3. The abrasive according to claim 1 or 2,
    characterized in that
    a binder (6) is termed non-cellular if the density of the matrix (4) is not lower than 85 %, preferably 90 %, of the specific density of the substance of the matrix (4).
  4. The abrasive according to any of the claims 1 to 3,
    characterized in that
    the matrix (4) is termed elastically yielding if the elasticity of the matrix (4) is not lower than 40 %.
  5. The abrasive according to any of the claims 1 to 4,
    characterized in that
    the matrix (4) is termed elastically yielding if the elasticity of the matrix (4) is not higher than 55 %, preferably 50 %.
  6. The abrasive according to any of the claims 1 to 5,
    characterized in that
    the matrix (4) is termed elastically yielding if the hardness of the matrix (4) is not lower than 40 Shore A, preferably 45 Shore A.
  7. The abrasive according to any of the claims 1 to 6,
    characterized in that
    the matrix (4) is termed elastically yielding if the hardness of the matrix (4) is not higher than 75 Shore A, preferably 70 Shore A.
  8. The abrasive according to any of the claims 1 to 7,
    characterized in that
    the matrix (4) is termed elastically yielding if the breaking elongation of the matrix (4) is not lower than 150 %, preferably 170 %.
  9. The abrasive according to any of the claims 1 to 8,
    characterized in that
    the backing (2) is termed flexible if the flexural rigidity of the backing (2) over a sensing width of 15 mm, with a sensing spacing of 20 mm and an angle of rotation of 15° is not higher than 5000 mN.
  10. The abrasive according to any of the claims 1 to 9,
    characterized in that
    the thickness of the matrix perpendicular to the backing is not lower than 200 µm, preferably not lower than 500 µm, particularly not lower than 1000 µm.
  11. The abrasive according to any of the claims 1 to 10,
    characterized in that
    the thickness of the matrix perpendicular to the backing is not higher than 2500 µm, preferably not higher than 1500 µm.
  12. The abrasive according to any of the claims 1 to 11,
    characterized in that
    in the ratio of the volume percentage of the abrasive grains (8) to that of the binder (6) of the matrix (4), the volume percentage of the abrasive grains (8) is smaller than or maximally equals 80 volume %, preferably smaller than or maximally equals 60 volume %.
  13. The abrasive according to any of the claims 1 to 12,
    characterized in that
    in the ratio of the volume percentage of the abrasive grains (8) to that of the binder (6) of the matrix (4), the volume percentage of the abrasive grains (8) is greater than or minimally equals 20 volume %, preferably greater than or minimally equals 40 volume %.
  14. The abrasive according to any of the claims 1 to 13,
    characterized in that
    the abrasive grains (8) range in size from 2 µm to 2000 µm, preferably 70 µm to 540 µm, particularly have sizes P36, P60, P120 and P240 as per the FEPA standard.
  15. The abrasive according to any of the claims 1 to 14,
    characterized in that
    the Shore hardness of the abrasive is in the Shore A range, preferably between 60° and 90° Shore A.
  16. The abrasive according to any of the claims 1 to 15,
    characterized in that
    the binder (6) comprises a polyurethane, preferably is made of one such polyurethane.
  17. The abrasive according to any of the claims 1 to 16,
    characterized in that
    the binder (6) comprises a rubber, preferably is made of one such rubber.
  18. The abrasive according to any of the claims 1 to 17,
    characterized in that
    the binder (6) comprises a polysiloxane, preferably is made of one such polysiloxane.
  19. The abrasive according to any of the claims 1 to 18,
    characterized in that
    the binder (6) comprises a polysulfide, preferably is made of one such polysulfide.
  20. The abrasive according to any of the claims 1 to 19,
    characterized in that
    the binder (6) comprises an acrylate, preferably is made of one such acrylate.
  21. The abrasive according to any of the claims 1 to 20,
    characterized in that
    the binder (6) is filled.
  22. The abrasive according to any of the claims 1 to 21,
    characterized in that
    the matrix (4) contains in addition to the binder at least one filler and/or at least one dyestuff and/or at least one other additive.
  23. The abrasive according to any of the claims 21 or 22,
    characterized in that
    kaolin is provided as a filler.
  24. The abrasive according to claim 22 or 23,
    characterized in that
    at least one foam inhibitor is provided as an additive.
  25. The abrasive according to any of the claims 1 to 24,
    characterized in that
    the abrasive grains (8) comprise at least one silicon carbide and/or at least one silicon oxide, preferably consist thereof.
  26. The abrasive according to any of the claims 1 to 25,
    characterized in that
    the abrasive grains (8) consist of at least one aluminum oxide and/or at least one aluminum oxide mixed crystal.
  27. The abrasive according to any of the claims 1 to 26,
    characterized in that
    at least a portion of the abrasive grains (8) consists of at least one hard metal.
  28. The abrasive according to any of the claims 1 to 27,
    characterized in that
    in their arrangement closest to the backing (2), the abrasive grains (8) rest on the backing (2).
  29. The abrasive according to any of the claims 1 to 28,
    characterized in that
    the matrix (4) including its abrasive grains (8) is divided into several matrix bodies (4a) dispersed over the same backing (2) with mutual spacing, the matrix bodies preferably having a consistent cross-section in the direction perpendicular to the original contact surface (10) or backing (2).
  30. The abrasive according to claim 29,
    characterized in that
    the matrix bodies (4a) have a polygonal cross-section parallel to the backing (2) and are preferably arranged mutually offset in the abrasion direction (16).
  31. The abrasive according to claim 30,
    characterized in that
    the polygonal cross-section is hexagonal and preferably oriented with two comers in or opposing the abrasion direction (16).
  32. The abrasive according to claim 29,
    characterized in that
    the matrix bodies (4a) have a circular cross-section parallel to the backing (2) and are preferably arranged mutually offset in the abrasion direction (16).
  33. The abrasive according to any of the claims 1 to 32,
    characterized in that
    the backing (2) consists of a woven fabric, knitted fabric, film, filament layer and/or one or more non-regulated layers of fibers such as paper, fiber or a carded web.
  34. The abrasive according to claim 33,
    characterized in that
    the backing (2) consists of natural or synthetic fibers and/or mixtures thereof.
  35. The abrasive according to any of the claims 1 to 34,
    characterized in that
    the backing (2) is inherently elastically yielding.
  36. The abrasive according to any of the claims 1 to 35,
    characterized in that
    the backing (2) has a refined finish.
  37. The abrasive according to any of the claims 1 to 36,
    characterized by
    a configuration as an endless belt.
  38. The abrasive according to any of the claims 1 to 36,
    characterized by
    a configuration as flat material, preferably strips, for oscillating drive.
  39. The abrasive according to any of the claims 1 to 36,
    characterized by
    a configuration as disk or bow for oscillating drive.
  40. The abrasive according to any of the claims 1 to 36,
    characterized by
    a configuration as a disk, segmented abrasive disk, laminated abrasive point or wheel for rotational drive.
  41. The abrasive according to any of the claims 1 to 40,
    characterized in that
    the original contact surface (10) is patterned at the most in the micro-range.
  42. A method of fabricating an abrasive according to any of the claims 1 to 41,
    wherein the abrasive grains (8) are embedded in a matrix (4) comprising a non-cellular, in particular non-foamed, thermosetting binder (6) for the abrasive grains (8), and wherein a contact surface (10) covered with abrasive grains (8) is configured for abrasion of a workpiece,
    characterized in that the following features are combined:
    a) the matrix (4) is elastically yielding to such an extent that the abrasive grains (8) covering the contact surface (10) are impressed into the matrix (4) during abrasion, the elasticity of the matrix (4) not being lower than 35 %;
    b) the abrasive grains (8) are dispersed in the matrix (4) in such a manner that the consumption of the matrix (4) perpendicular to the original contact surface (10) covered with abrasive grains (8) exposes a further contact surface (10) covered with abrasive grains (8), the abrasive grains (8) being homogenously dispersed in the matrix (4);
    c) the abrasive grains (8) are dispersed in the matrix (4) in such a manner that they yield under the reset force of the matrix (4) both perpendicular and parallel to the corresponding contact surface (10) of the abrasive;
    d) the matrix (4) is bonded to a flexible backing (2);
    e) bonding the matrix (4) to its flexible backing (2) is effected directly via the binder (6) contained in the matrix (4), and
    that the abrasive grains (8) are first admixed to the matrix (4) while the binder (6) is still at low viscosity before this mixture is applied to the backing (2).
  43. A method of fabricating an abrasive according to any of the claims 1 to 41, wherein the abrasive grains (8) are embedded in a matrix (4) comprising a non-cellular, in particular non-foamed, thermosetting binder (6) for the abrasive grains (8), and wherein a contact surface (10) covered with abrasive grains (8) is configured for abrasion of a workpiece,
    characterized in that the following features are combined:
    a) the matrix (4) is elastically yielding to such an extent that the abrasive grains (8) covering the contact surface (10) are impressed into the matrix (4) during abrasion, the elasticity of the matrix (4) not being lower than 35 %;
    b) the abrasive grains (8) are dispersed in the matrix (4) in such a manner that the consumption of the matrix (4) perpendicular to the original contact surface (10) covered with abrasive grains (8) exposes a further contact surface (10) covered with abrasive grains (8), the abrasive grains (8) being homogenously dispersed in the matrix (4);
    c) the abrasive grains (8) are dispersed in the matrix (4) in such a manner that they yield under the reset force of the matrix (4) both perpendicular and parallel to the corresponding contact surface (10) of the abrasive;
    d) the matrix (4) is bonded to a flexible backing (2);
    e) bonding the matrix (4) to its flexible backing (2) is effected directly via the binder (6) contained in the matrix (4), and
    that first, the binder (6) of the matrix (4), still being at a low viscosity, is applied to the backing (2) and then the abrasive grains (8) are applied in such a manner that they sink in the direction of the backing (2) into the binder (6), the latter still being at a low viscosity.
  44. The method according to claim 43,
    characterized in that
    the abrasive grains (8) are applied to the matrix (4) while the binder (6) is still at a low viscosity.
  45. The method according to claim 43,
    characterized in that
    the abrasive grains (8) are applied in several passes to the matrix (4) previously applied as a whole to the backing (2) while the binder (6) is still at a low viscosity.
  46. The method according to any of the claims 42 to 45,
    characterized in that
    the matrix (4) containing the binder (6) and the abrasive grains (8) are applied to the backing (2) together or separately in a multi-coating process.
  47. The method according to any of the claims 42 to 46 of fabricating an abrasive according to any of the claims 29 to 32,
    characterized in that
    a masking technique is used for forming the matrix bodies (4a) arranged with mutual spacing on the backing (2).
EP05809970.6A 2004-12-06 2005-11-25 Abrasive product and method for the production thereof Not-in-force EP1827762B1 (en)

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CN101056741B (en) * 2004-11-19 2010-12-08 丰田万磨株式会社 Grinding wheel

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BRPI0518815A2 (en) 2008-12-09
CN101048259B (en) 2013-03-13
CN101048259A (en) 2007-10-03
JP4996475B2 (en) 2012-08-08
EP1827762A1 (en) 2007-09-05
WO2006061112A1 (en) 2006-06-15
KR101287501B1 (en) 2013-07-19
JP2008522837A (en) 2008-07-03
US20090277098A1 (en) 2009-11-12
KR20070085816A (en) 2007-08-27

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