EP1799903B1 - Method for fractionating an aqueous paper fibre suspension and hydrocyclone for carrying out said method - Google Patents

Method for fractionating an aqueous paper fibre suspension and hydrocyclone for carrying out said method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1799903B1
EP1799903B1 EP05790369A EP05790369A EP1799903B1 EP 1799903 B1 EP1799903 B1 EP 1799903B1 EP 05790369 A EP05790369 A EP 05790369A EP 05790369 A EP05790369 A EP 05790369A EP 1799903 B1 EP1799903 B1 EP 1799903B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hydrocyclone
annular chamber
fibres
constriction
inlet
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EP05790369A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1799903A1 (en
Inventor
Martin Kemper
Bo Norman
Jan Christer Sandberg
Jonas BERGSTRÖM
Ko Jordan
Hannes Vomhoff
Wolfgang Mannes
Torsten Paul
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Voith Patent GmbH
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Voith Patent GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C3/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex flow following a screw-thread type line remains unchanged ; Devices in which one of the two discharge ducts returns centrally through the vortex chamber, a reverse-flow vortex being prevented by bulkheads in the central discharge duct
    • B04C3/06—Construction of inlets or outlets to the vortex chamber
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21D—TREATMENT OF THE MATERIALS BEFORE PASSING TO THE PAPER-MAKING MACHINE
    • D21D5/00—Purification of the pulp suspension by mechanical means; Apparatus therefor
    • D21D5/18—Purification of the pulp suspension by mechanical means; Apparatus therefor with the aid of centrifugal force
    • D21D5/24—Purification of the pulp suspension by mechanical means; Apparatus therefor with the aid of centrifugal force in cyclones

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1 and a hydrocyclone for carrying out the method according to the preamble of claim 21.
  • Processes of this type are capable of forming, with the aid of centrifugal forces, at least one heavy fraction and at least one light fraction, and to discharge them through suitable discharge openings from the hydrocyclone used.
  • a vortex separator for the separation of impurities from pulp suspensions is known, which is designed so that form centrifugal forces in its operation, leading to the division into a heavy fraction and a light fraction.
  • the tapered suspension is guided in the head part of this vortex gauge in an annular space, which widens in the direction of flow seen.
  • the central dip tube for the light fraction has a doppelkegelige outer contour whose outer diameter initially increased in the flow direction and then reduced again.
  • centrifugal separation device is from the FR 2 703 602 known.
  • This apparatus serves to remove from a suspension both the heavy and the light parts in a single operation.
  • the axially flowing suspension is guided as a helical flow in a constant flow cross-section annular chamber, wherein a fractionation into heavy and light parts takes place.
  • the lightweight parts are removed in the center and the heavy parts from the edge area of the outflowing flow.
  • US 6,284,069 B1 deals with a specific embodiment of hydrocyclones, namely the flow cross-section of this apparatus in the immediate vicinity of the outlet for the heavy fraction (reject) and thus at a great distance to the inlet region of the suspension to be fractionated first reduced and then expanded again, at which point a supply of dilution water takes place.
  • the centrifugal forces in a hydrocyclone cause the heavy fraction to accumulate radially further outwards and the light fraction in the central region of the hydrocyclone.
  • Methods of this kind are described e.g. used to divide the paper fibers according to the criteria: coarse / fine, thick-walled / thin-walled, stiff / flexible, earlywood fiber / latewood fiber, higher freeness / lower freeness.
  • the heavy fraction is also referred to as coarse fraction and the light fraction as fine fraction.
  • Such fractionation tasks arise in particular in pulp and wood pulp production, increasingly also in waste paper processing.
  • the aim is to optimize the fiber properties or to remove splinters or fine contaminants.
  • the requirements for such methods are particularly high since, unlike e.g. For metal parts - there are only slight differences in the density of the fractions to be separated.
  • the invention is based on the object to improve the known methods so that with them an even higher separation effect is achieved.
  • the operation should also provide good results for such processes of relatively high consistency.
  • the effect of the method according to the invention is based essentially on the fact that the added paper fiber suspension must flow through an increasingly narrowing chamber in its flow path through the hydrocyclone after a few revolutions in the inlet region. It can be assumed that this loosens the cohesion of the fiber suspension, so that adjacent fibers can more easily separate from each other, which increases their mobility relative to each other. This enhances the effect of the attacking centrifugal forces, favoring fractionation.
  • the paper fiber suspension can be diluted in the region of the bottleneck by the addition of, for example, backwater, which increases the separating effect of the hydrocyclone for the reasons already explained.
  • the dilution liquid is advantageously so supplied that flow rate and direction at the mixing point as possible correspond to the paper fiber suspension.
  • the fractionation not only leads to the already described division of the fibers, but also to the fact that in the heavy fraction a higher consistency than in the light fraction. Therefore, in specific embodiments, it is advantageous to dimension the addition of dilution water so that the thickening of the heavy fraction is approximately balanced.
  • the process can thereby be substantially simplified.
  • this hydrocyclone has an annular dilution chamber 12, which opens in the region of the constriction 8 in the interior of the hydrocyclone with an annular gap.
  • a dilution water feed 11 is connected to this dilution chamber 12.
  • a rotational flow can be generated in the dilution chamber 12, which has the same direction of rotation as the rotational flow of the paper fiber suspension, resulting in a gentle admixture.
  • the formed light fraction L is discharged at the outlet end 3 of the hydrocyclone by a light material discharge 6, which is designed here as centrally projecting into the hydrocyclone tube.
  • the heavy fraction H which accumulates on the inner wall 14 of the hydrocyclone, can be led out of the hydrocyclone by the heavy material discharge 7.
  • Such Schwerteilaustrag 7 may be arranged radially, tangentially or axially.
  • a displacement body 1 which is externally provided with surfaces which serve as boundaries for the first annular space 4 and the second annular space 5.
  • a constriction first annulus 4
  • an extension second annulus 5
  • the displacement body 1 initially (upstream) a in the flow direction expanding and downstream in Flow direction constricting conical surface.
  • the conical surface of the displacement body can be varied according to requirements, including the Fig. 2 shows an example of a displacement body which is provided upstream with a conical surface 18 and downstream with a convex surface 19.
  • the displacement body according to Fig. 3 has in its downstream region a concave surface 20, while in Fig. 4 is in turn provided with two conical surfaces 18, 18 ', wherein at the transition of these two surfaces, a shoulder 17 is located, which causes the diameter of the displacement body seen in the flow direction decreases abruptly at this transition point. This can form a particularly advantageous flow when used in the hydrocyclone in the constriction.
  • FIGS. 2 to 4 also show that the displacer may have a pointed downstream end, which also serves to improve the flow conditions at that location
  • Fig. 5 shows the hydrocyclone from above, so with a view of the inlet end 2.
  • the dilution chamber 12 enclosing part is only partially drawn to make the underlying heavy substance discharge 7 visible.
  • a first inventive hydrocyclone is connected to a second hydrocyclone according to the invention by using the heavy fraction H of the first hydrocyclone as feed for the second hydrocyclone.
  • the light fractions L produced in both stages can be brought together if they have a comparable quality.
  • the heavy fraction H 'obtained in the second stage then contains, to an even greater extent, the proportions desired therein.
  • such fractionation processes tend to mean that the heavy fraction H has a higher consistency than the inlet.
  • the circuit shown can be very easily compensated by a correspondingly matched amount of dilution liquid W is supplied, so that the second hydrocyclone can be operated with optimal inlet consistency.
  • Fig. 8 illustrated variant of the hydrocyclone according to the invention differs from the in Fig. 1 This is limited to the outside by a conical wall, which is known to lead in hydrocyclones to increase the rotational speed and increase in centrifugal forces.
  • the adjoining cylindrical part has a correspondingly smaller diameter 13.
  • the conical part may also be guided to the outlet end 3:
  • Fig. 9 it is also possible, downstream of the second annulus 5 to make a new reduction of the flow cross-section, what then a third annulus 4 'is used.
  • a constriction 8 ' is followed by a fourth annular space 5' widening in the axial direction.
  • a dilution chamber 12 'with dilution water connection 11' can also be present at the second constriction 8 '.
  • the dimensioning can be made similar to the (first) constriction 8.
  • This embodiment possibly with other bottlenecks not shown here, is able to further enhance the effect of the invention, since the loosening and fluidization of the pulp suspension is carried out according to more frequent.
  • Fig. 10 shows, it is also possible to put thechtstoffaustrag 6 'at the inlet end 2, that in the center of the hydrocyclone in the implementation of the method accumulated light fraction L can flow up completely and the heavy fraction H down from the hydrocyclone. "up” and “down” applies when installed vertically.
  • the in Fig. 10 shown design an inner wall 14 ', which is initially cylindrical and then tapered, with the cross section to the outlet end 3 down greatly reduced.
  • further variations of the invention can be used individually or in combination also in the devices already shown.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
  • Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and to a device which is used to fraction aqueous paper fibre suspensions (S). Relatively large centrifugal forces are used, also in suspension components having essentially the same densities, in order to achieve good results. This is achieved by virtue of the fact that the paper fibre suspension (S) entering via the inlet (10) is guided initially in a first annular chamber (4) which narrows in an axial direction (4) and subsequently in a second annular chamber (5) which widens in an axial direction. As a result, good fractionating results can be obtained, in particular, when the fibre material consistency in the inlet area is approximately 0.5 - 2 % and also the necessary mass fluxes are maintained at a relatively low level. Said method can be used, for example, for fractionating fresh cellulose and/or wood pulp. It can also be used in the preparation of used paper, wherein said method is particularly economical.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 sowie einen Hydrozyklon zur Durchführung des Verfahrens gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 21.The invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1 and a hydrocyclone for carrying out the method according to the preamble of claim 21.

Verfahren dieser Art sind in der Lage, mit Hilfe von Zentrifugalkräften mindestens eine Schwerfraktion und mindestens eine Leichtfraktion zu bilden und durch entsprechende Austragsöffnungen aus dem verwendeten Hydrozyklon herauszuleiten.Processes of this type are capable of forming, with the aid of centrifugal forces, at least one heavy fraction and at least one light fraction, and to discharge them through suitable discharge openings from the hydrocyclone used.

Aus der DE 32 48 039 A1 ist ein Wirbelsichter zum Abscheiden von Verunreinigungen aus Stoffsuspensionen bekannt, der so gestaltet ist, dass sich bei seinem Betrieb Zentrifugalkräfte ausbilden, die zur Aufteilung in eine Schwerfraktion und eine Leichtfraktion führen. Die zulaufende Suspension wird im Kopfteil dieses Wirbelsichters in einen Ringraum geführt, der sich in Strömungsrichtung gesehen erweitert. Dabei hat das zentrale Tauchrohr für die Leichtfraktion eine doppelkegelige Außenkontur, deren Außendurchmesser sich in Strömungsrichtung zunächst vergrößert und dann wieder verkleinert.From the DE 32 48 039 A1 is a vortex separator for the separation of impurities from pulp suspensions is known, which is designed so that form centrifugal forces in its operation, leading to the division into a heavy fraction and a light fraction. The tapered suspension is guided in the head part of this vortex gauge in an annular space, which widens in the direction of flow seen. In this case, the central dip tube for the light fraction has a doppelkegelige outer contour whose outer diameter initially increased in the flow direction and then reduced again.

Eine weitere mit Zentrifugalkräften arbeitende Trennvorrichtung ist aus der FR 2 703 602 bekannt. Dieser Apparat dient dazu, aus einer Suspension sowohl die Schwer- als auch die Leichtteile in einem einzigen Arbeitsgang zu entfernen. Die axial zuströmende Suspension wird als schraubenförmige Strömung in eine einen konstanten Strömungsquerschnitt aufweisende Ringkammer geführt, wobei eine Fraktionierung in schwere und leichte Teile erfolgt. Die Leichtteile werden im Zentrum und die Schwerteile aus dem Randbereich der ausfließenden Strömung abgeführt.Another working with centrifugal separation device is from the FR 2 703 602 known. This apparatus serves to remove from a suspension both the heavy and the light parts in a single operation. The axially flowing suspension is guided as a helical flow in a constant flow cross-section annular chamber, wherein a fractionation into heavy and light parts takes place. The lightweight parts are removed in the center and the heavy parts from the edge area of the outflowing flow.

Auch die US 6,284,069 B1 befasst sich mit einer speziellen Ausführungsform von Hydrozyklonen, und zwar wird der Strömungsquerschnitt dieses Apparates in unmittelbarer Nähe des Auslasses für die Schwerfraktion (Rejekt) und damit in großer Entfernung zum Zulaufbereich der die zu fraktionierenden Suspension zunächst reduziert und dann wieder erweitert, wobei an dieser Stelle eine Zuführung von Verdünnungswasser erfolgt.Also the US 6,284,069 B1 deals with a specific embodiment of hydrocyclones, namely the flow cross-section of this apparatus in the immediate vicinity of the outlet for the heavy fraction (reject) and thus at a great distance to the inlet region of the suspension to be fractionated first reduced and then expanded again, at which point a supply of dilution water takes place.

Aus der US 4,696,737 A kennt man einen Hydrozyklon, der mit zwei untereinander liegenden tangential an den Hydrozyklon angeschlossenen Zulaufrohren versehen ist. Dabei dient der untere Zulauf zur Zugabe einer Hilfsflüssigkeit mit der im Zusammenwirken mit einer in diesem Bereich installierten zylindrischen Trennwand ein zusätzlicher Wirbel mit relativ geringer Konsistenz gebildet werden soll.From the US 4,696,737 A One knows a hydrocyclone, which is provided with two adjacent tangentially connected to the hydrocyclone inlet pipes. In this case, the lower inlet is used to add an auxiliary liquid with the installed in cooperation with a cylindrical partition in this area an additional vortex with relatively low consistency.

Wie die US 5,769,243 zeigt, ist es auch schon versucht worden, eine Verbesserung der Hydrozyklonwirkung dadurch zu erzielen, dass der Auslauf für die Leichtfraktion nicht wie üblich am Zulaufende angebracht ist, sondern am Auslaufende, d.h. in der Nähe des Abzuges für die Schwerfraktion.As the US 5,769,243 shows, it has also been tried to achieve an improvement in the hydrocyclone effect in that the outlet for the light fraction is not attached as usual at the inlet end, but at the outlet end, ie in the vicinity of the trigger for the heavy fraction.

Bekanntlich führen die Zentrifugalkräfte in einem Hydrozyklon dazu, dass sich die Schwerfraktion radial weiter außen und die Leichtfraktion im zentralen Bereich des Hydrozyklons anreichern. Verfahren dieser Art werden z.B. angewendet, um die Papierfasern aufzuteilen nach den Kriterien: grob/fein, dickwandig/dünnwandig, steif/biegsam, Frühholzfaser/Spätholzfaser, höherer Mahlgrad/geringerer Mahlgrad. Oft wird dann die Schwerfraktion auch als Grobfraktion und die Leichtfraktion als Feinfraktion bezeichnet. Solche Fraktionieraufgaben stellen sich insbesondere bei der Zellstoff- und Holzstofferzeugung, in zunehmendem Maße auch bei der Altpapierverarbeitung. Dabei sollen die Fasereigenschaften optimiert oder auch Splitter oder feine Störstoffe entfernt werden. Die Anforderungen an solche Verfahren sind besonders hoch, da - anders als z.B. bei Metallteilen - nur geringe Dichteunterschiede der zu trennenden Fraktionen vorliegen.As is known, the centrifugal forces in a hydrocyclone cause the heavy fraction to accumulate radially further outwards and the light fraction in the central region of the hydrocyclone. Methods of this kind are described e.g. used to divide the paper fibers according to the criteria: coarse / fine, thick-walled / thin-walled, stiff / flexible, earlywood fiber / latewood fiber, higher freeness / lower freeness. Often then the heavy fraction is also referred to as coarse fraction and the light fraction as fine fraction. Such fractionation tasks arise in particular in pulp and wood pulp production, increasingly also in waste paper processing. The aim is to optimize the fiber properties or to remove splinters or fine contaminants. The requirements for such methods are particularly high since, unlike e.g. For metal parts - there are only slight differences in the density of the fractions to be separated.

Bei der Durchführung dieses Verfahrens werden daher vorzugsweise solche Hydrozyklone verwendet, die auf Grund ihrer geometrischen Gestaltung hohe Zentrifugalkräfte erzeugen können, insbesondere im Bereich von über 400-facher Erdbeschleunigung ("400 g"). Hochwirksame Cleaner bringen es auf bis zu 1000 g.In carrying out this method, therefore, preferably those hydrocyclones are used which generate high centrifugal forces due to their geometric design can, especially in the range of over 400 times the acceleration of gravity ("400 g"). Highly effective cleaners bring it up to 1000 g.

Ein Betriebs-Parameter, der für die Wirksamkeit dieses Trennverfahrens eine bedeutende Rolle spielt, ist der Faserstoffgehalt (Konsistenz) der Papierfasersuspension. Bekanntlich wird die Zähigkeit einer solchen Suspension in dem hier betrachteten Bereich mit zunehmendem Faserstoffgehalt größer, was im Allgemeinen den Trenneffekt verschlechtert. Aus diesem Grunde werden Verfahren der hier betrachteten Art typischerweise bisher bei einem Faserstoffgehalt von nicht über 0,5 % durchgeführt, wenn eine hohe Trennschärfe benötigt wird. Bei der industriellen Nutzung des Verfahrens, insbesondere wenn die enthaltenen Papierfasern zur Papiererzeugung verwendet werden sollen, führt das wegen der großen Flüssigkeitsmengen zu einem relativ großen apparativen und energetischen Aufwand. Es besteht daher das Bestreben, die Konsistenz ohne Nachteile anheben zu können, wobei z.B. eine Steigerung von 0,5 auf 1 % zu einer Halbierung des benötigten Mengenstromes führen würde. Es hat sich aber gezeigt, dass die Beeinträchtigung der Trennwirkung bei bisher bekannten Verfahren zu durchaus feststellbaren Nachteilen führt.An operating parameter that plays a significant role in the effectiveness of this separation process is the pulp content (consistency) of the paper fiber suspension. As is known, the toughness of such a suspension in the range considered here increases with increasing fiber content, which generally worsens the separation effect. For this reason, processes of the type considered here are typically carried out so far at a pulp content of not more than 0.5%, when a high selectivity is needed. In the industrial use of the method, especially if the paper fibers contained are to be used for paper production, which leads to a relatively large expenditure on equipment and energy because of the large amounts of liquid. There is therefore a desire to be able to increase the consistency without disadvantages, wherein e.g. an increase from 0.5 to 1% would halve the required flow rate. However, it has been shown that the impairment of the separation effect in previously known methods leads to quite noticeable disadvantages.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zu Grunde, die bekannten Verfahren so zu verbessern, dass mit ihnen eine noch höhere Trennwirkung erzielt wird. Der Betrieb soll auch bei für solche Verfahren relativ hoher Konsistenz gute Ergebnisse liefern.The invention is based on the object to improve the known methods so that with them an even higher separation effect is achieved. The operation should also provide good results for such processes of relatively high consistency.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die im Anspruch 1 und Anspruch 21 genannten Merkmale gelöst.This object is achieved by the features mentioned in claim 1 and claim 21.

Die Wirkung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens beruht im Wesentlichen darauf, dass die zugegebene Papierfasersuspension bei ihrem Strömungsweg durch den Hydrozyklon nach einigen Umdrehungen im Einlaufbereich eine immer enger werdende Kammer durchströmen muss. Es ist anzunehmen, dass dadurch der Zusammenhalt der Fasersuspension gelockert wird, dass sich also benachbarte Fasern leichter voneinander lösen können, was ihre Beweglichkeit relativ zueinander erhöht. Dadurch wird die Auswirkung der angreifenden Zentrifugalkräfte verstärkt, also die Fraktionierung begünstigt.The effect of the method according to the invention is based essentially on the fact that the added paper fiber suspension must flow through an increasingly narrowing chamber in its flow path through the hydrocyclone after a few revolutions in the inlet region. It can be assumed that this loosens the cohesion of the fiber suspension, so that adjacent fibers can more easily separate from each other, which increases their mobility relative to each other. This enhances the effect of the attacking centrifugal forces, favoring fractionation.

Der Eintritt der Fasersuspension in den zweiten Ringraum erfolgt über eine Engstelle, deren kleinste Radiale Spannweite höchstens 20 mm beträgt. Dadurch haben dort alle Teile der Suspension etwa den gleichen radialen Abstand zu den Wänden des Hydrozyklons. Das heißt die radiale Ausgangsposition zur Fraktionierung ist für alle Teile der Suspension praktisch gleich.The entry of the fiber suspension in the second annulus via a constriction whose smallest radial span is at most 20 mm. As a result, all parts of the suspension have approximately the same radial distance from the walls of the hydrocyclone. That is, the radial starting position for fractionation is virtually the same for all parts of the suspension.

In vorteilhaften Ausführungsformen kann die Papierfasersuspension im Bereich der Engstelle durch Zugabe z.B. von Rückwasser verdünnt werden, was aus den bereits erklärten Gründen die Trennwirkung des Hydrozyklons erhöht. Dabei wird die Verdünnungsflüssigkeit mit Vorteil so zugeführt, dass Strömungsgeschwindigkeit und -richtung an der Mischstelle möglichst der der Papierfasersuspension entsprechen.In advantageous embodiments, the paper fiber suspension can be diluted in the region of the bottleneck by the addition of, for example, backwater, which increases the separating effect of the hydrocyclone for the reasons already explained. The dilution liquid is advantageously so supplied that flow rate and direction at the mixing point as possible correspond to the paper fiber suspension.

Versuchsergebnisse haben gezeigt, dass mit Hilfe des Verfahrens eine gute Faserfraktionierung im Bereich von 0,5 % bis 1,5 % Faser-Konsistenz nach Zugabe des Verdünnungswassers möglich ist. Dabei liegt die Konsistenz am Zulauf in den Hydrozyklon ca. ein Drittel höher.Experimental results have shown that by means of the method a good fiber fractionation in the range of 0.5% to 1.5% fiber consistency after addition of the dilution water is possible. The consistency at the inlet to the hydrocyclone is about one third higher.

Bekanntlich führt die Fraktionierung nicht nur zur bereits beschriebenen Aufteilung der Fasern, sondern auch dazu, dass in der Schwerfraktion eine höhere Konsistenz vorliegt als in der Leichtfraktion. Daher ist es in speziellen Ausführungsformen von Vorteil, die Zugabe von Verdünnungswasser so zu bemessen, dass die Eindickung der Schwerfraktion in etwa ausgeglichen wird. Insbesondere dann, wenn eine mehrstufige Fahrweise gewünscht wird, bei der also die Schwerfraktion erneut einem Hydrozyklon zugeführt werden soll, kann das Verfahren dadurch wesentlich vereinfacht werden.As is known, the fractionation not only leads to the already described division of the fibers, but also to the fact that in the heavy fraction a higher consistency than in the light fraction. Therefore, in specific embodiments, it is advantageous to dimension the addition of dilution water so that the thickening of the heavy fraction is approximately balanced. In particular, when a multi-stage procedure is desired, ie in which the heavy fraction is to be fed again to a hydrocyclone, the process can thereby be substantially simplified.

Grundsätzlich kann aber auch bei weniger anspruchsvollen Trennaufgaben die erfindungsgemäße Verbesserung der Trennwirkung durchaus solche Vorteile haben, dass der apparative Aufwand gerechtfertigt ist. Das sind z.B. Verfahren, bei denen faserfremde Verunreinigungen, wie z.B. Sand, Metallteilchen oder Kunststoffteilchen ausgeschieden werden, deren Dichte sich jeweils von der des sie umgebenden Mediums unterscheidet. Auch dann ist die Möglichkeit, eine höhere Konsistenz als für solche Aufgaben bisher möglich einstellen zu können, ein echter Vorteil.In principle, however, even with less demanding separation tasks, the improvement of the release effect according to the invention may well have such advantages that the expenditure on equipment is justified. These are e.g. Methods in which non-fiber contaminants, such as e.g. Sand, metal particles or plastic particles are excreted, the density of each of which differs from the surrounding medium. Even then, the possibility of being able to set a higher consistency than previously possible for such tasks is a real advantage.

Die Erfindung und ihre Vorteile werden erläutert an Hand von Zeichnungen. Dabei zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen Hydrozyklon zur Erläuterung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens in Seitenansicht, geschnitten;
Fig. 2-4
verschiedene Verdrängungskörper zum Einsatz in den Hydrozyklon;
Fig. 5
den Hydrozyklon der Fig. 1 in Ansicht von oben;
Fig. 6
ein Anlagenbeispiel in stark vereinfachter Form;
Fig. 7
eine Variante mit waagerecht angeordnetem Hydrozyklon;
Fig. 8 - 10
je einen weiteren Hydrozyklon zur Durchführung des Verfahrens.
In Fig. 1 ist in schematischer Form ein zur Durchführung des Verfahrens geeigneter Hydrozyklon dargestellt. Dieser besteht hier im Wesentlichen aus einem zylindrischen Abscheideraum mit einer Innenwand 14 und weist ein Einlaufende 2 und ein Auslaufende 3 auf. Durch einen am Einlaufende 2 angeordneten Einlauf 10 wird die Papierfasersuspension S eingeleitet und in Rotation versetzt (Tangentialeinlauf). Die rotierende Suspensionsströmung gelangt in einen ersten Ringraum 4, der sich in axialer Richtung stetig verengt, wodurch sich am Ende dieses ersten Ringraumes 4 eine Engstelle 8 bildet. Seine axiale Länge 15 ist hier etwa halb so groß wie der größte Durchmesser 13 der Innenwand 14. Stromabwärts dieser Engstelle 8 liegt ein zweiter sich in axialer Richtung wieder erweiternder Ringraum 5 mit einer axialen Länge 16 fast so groß wie der Durchmesser 13 der Innenwand 14. Dabei ist hier eine stetige Erweiterung vorgesehen, um störende Wirbel oder Ablösungen zu vermeiden. In anderen Fällen kann diese Erweiterung auch sprunghaft sein. Im zweiten Ringraum 5 und dem sich stromabwärts anschließenden Teil des Hydrozyklons erfolgt die Fraktionierung. Die Innenwand 14 kann - wie hier - zylindrisch sein, was apparativ einfach ist und bereits zu guten Trennergebnissen führt. In anderen Fällen (s. Fig. 10) kann sie auch konisch sein ("Kegelschleuder"). Durch Wahl des Innendurchmessers 13 der Innenwand 14 und durch Einstellung der Rotationsgeschwindigkeit der Suspension wird die Zentrifugalkraft wesentlich bestimmt. Günstig sind Werte über dem Vierhundertfachen der Erdbeschleunigung.The invention and its advantages will be explained with reference to drawings. Showing:
Fig. 1
a hydrocyclone for explaining the method according to the invention in side view, cut;
Fig. 2-4
various displacement bodies for use in the hydrocyclone;
Fig. 5
the hydrocyclone of Fig. 1 in top view;
Fig. 6
a system example in a greatly simplified form;
Fig. 7
a variant with horizontally arranged hydrocyclone;
Fig. 8 - 10
depending on another hydrocyclone for carrying out the method.
In Fig. 1 is shown in schematic form a suitable for carrying out the method hydrocyclone. This consists essentially of a cylindrical separation chamber with an inner wall 14 and has an inlet end 2 and an outlet end 3. By an inlet end 2 arranged inlet 10, the paper fiber suspension S is introduced and set in rotation (tangential inlet). The rotating suspension flow passes into a first annular space 4, which narrows steadily in the axial direction, whereby at the end of this first annular space 4, a constriction 8 is formed. Its axial length 15 is here about half as large as the largest diameter 13 of the inner wall 14. Downstream of this constriction 8 is a second in the axial direction widening annular space 5 with an axial length 16 almost as large as the diameter 13 of the inner wall fourteenth Here, a steady expansion is provided here to avoid disturbing vortexes or separations. In other cases, this extension can also be erratic. In the second annulus 5 and the downstream subsequent part of the hydrocyclone, the fractionation takes place. The inner wall 14 may - as here - be cylindrical, which is simple in terms of apparatus and already leads to good separation results. In other cases (s. Fig. 10 ) it can also be conical ("Cone Sling"). By choosing the inner diameter 13 of the inner wall 14 and by adjusting the rotational speed of the suspension, the centrifugal force is substantially determined. Favorable values are over four hundred times the gravitational acceleration.

Weiterhin weist dieser Hydrozyklon eine ringförmige Verdünnungskammer 12 auf, die im Bereich der Engstelle 8 in das Innere des Hydrozyklons mit einem Ringspalt mündet. Zur Zugabe einer Verdünnungsflüssigkeit W ist an diese Verdünnungskammer 12 eine Verdünnungswasserzuführung 11 angeschlossen. Dabei kann in der Verdünnungskammer 12 eine Rotationsströmung erzeugt werden, die denselben Drehsinn hat wie die Rotationsströmung der Papierfasersuspension, was zu einer schonenden Zumischung führt. Die gebildete Leichtfraktion L wird am Auslaufende 3 des Hydrozyklons durch einen Leichtstoffaustrag 6 ausgeleitet, der hier als zentral in den Hydrozyklon hineinragendes Rohr ausgebildet ist. Die Schwerfraktion H, die sich an der Innenwand 14 des Hydrozyklons anreichert, kann durch den Schwerstoffaustrag 7 aus dem Hydrozyklon herausgeleitet werden. Ein solcher Schwerteilaustrag 7 kann radial, tangential oder auch axial angeordnet sein. Im Zentrum des Hydrozyklons befindet sich ein Verdrängungskörper 1, der außen mit Flächen versehen ist, die als Grenzen für den ersten Ringraum 4 und den zweiten Ringraum 5 dienen. Auf diese Weise lässt sich mit einfachsten Mitteln zunächst eine Verengung (erster Ringraum 4) und dann eine Erweiterung (zweiter Ringraum 5) realisieren. Bei diesem Beispiel weist der Verdrängungskörper 1 zunächst (stromaufwärts) eine sich in Strömungsrichtung erweiternde und stromabwärts eine sich in Strömungsrichtung verengende Konusfläche auf.Furthermore, this hydrocyclone has an annular dilution chamber 12, which opens in the region of the constriction 8 in the interior of the hydrocyclone with an annular gap. For adding a dilution liquid W, a dilution water feed 11 is connected to this dilution chamber 12. In this case, a rotational flow can be generated in the dilution chamber 12, which has the same direction of rotation as the rotational flow of the paper fiber suspension, resulting in a gentle admixture. The formed light fraction L is discharged at the outlet end 3 of the hydrocyclone by a light material discharge 6, which is designed here as centrally projecting into the hydrocyclone tube. The heavy fraction H, which accumulates on the inner wall 14 of the hydrocyclone, can be led out of the hydrocyclone by the heavy material discharge 7. Such Schwerteilaustrag 7 may be arranged radially, tangentially or axially. In the center of the hydrocyclone is a displacement body 1, which is externally provided with surfaces which serve as boundaries for the first annular space 4 and the second annular space 5. In this way, a constriction (first annulus 4) and then an extension (second annulus 5) can be realized with the simplest means first. In this example, the displacement body 1 initially (upstream) a in the flow direction expanding and downstream in Flow direction constricting conical surface.

Die Konusfläche des Verdrängungskörpers kann je nach Anforderungen variiert werden, wozu die Fig. 2 ein Beispiel eines Verdrängungskörpers zeigt, der stromaufwärts mit einer Kegelfläche 18 und stromabwärts mit einer konvexen Fläche 19 versehen ist. Der Verdrängungskörper gemäß Fig. 3 weist in seinem stromabwärtigen Bereich eine konkave Fläche 20 auf, während der in Fig. 4 wiederum mit zwei konischen Flächen 18, 18' versehen ist, wobei sich am Übergang dieser beiden Flächen ein Absatz 17 befindet, der dazu führt, dass an dieser Übergangsstelle der Durchmesser des Verdrängungskörpers in Strömungsrichtung gesehen sprunghaft abnimmt. Dadurch kann sich beim Einsatz im Hydrozyklon im Bereich der Engstelle eine besonderes vorteilhafte Strömung ausbilden.The conical surface of the displacement body can be varied according to requirements, including the Fig. 2 shows an example of a displacement body which is provided upstream with a conical surface 18 and downstream with a convex surface 19. The displacement body according to Fig. 3 has in its downstream region a concave surface 20, while in Fig. 4 is in turn provided with two conical surfaces 18, 18 ', wherein at the transition of these two surfaces, a shoulder 17 is located, which causes the diameter of the displacement body seen in the flow direction decreases abruptly at this transition point. This can form a particularly advantageous flow when used in the hydrocyclone in the constriction.

Die Figuren 2 bis 4 zeigen auch, dass der Verdrängungskörper ein spitzes stromabwärtiges Ende haben kann, was ebenfalls der Verbesserung der Strömungsverhältnisse an dieser Stelle dientThe FIGS. 2 to 4 also show that the displacer may have a pointed downstream end, which also serves to improve the flow conditions at that location

Fig. 5 zeigt den Hydrozyklon von oben, also mit Blick auf das Einlaufende 2. Das die Verdünnungskammer 12 umschließende Teil ist nur zum Teil gezeichnet, um den darunter liegenden Schwerstoffaustrag 7 sichtbar zu machen. Fig. 5 shows the hydrocyclone from above, so with a view of the inlet end 2. The dilution chamber 12 enclosing part is only partially drawn to make the underlying heavy substance discharge 7 visible.

Es kann von Vorteil sein, das Verfahren in mehreren Stufen durchzuführen, wozu die Fig. 6 ein einfaches Beispiel zeigt. Dabei wird ein erster erfindungsgemäßer Hydrozyklon mit einem zweiten erfindungsgemäßen Hydrozyklon verbunden, indem die Schwerfraktion H des ersten Hydrozyklons als Zulauf für den zweiten Hydrozyklon verwendet wird. In vielen Fällen können die in beiden Stufen anfallenden Leichtfraktionen L zusammengeführt werden, wenn sie eine vergleichbare Qualität haben. Die in der zweiten Stufe anfallende Schwerfraktion H' enthält dann in noch höherem Maße die darin gewünschten Anteile. Wie bereits erwähnt, neigen derartige Fraktionierverfahren dazu, dass die Schwerfraktion H eine höhere Konsistenz aufweist als der Einlauf. Bei der in Fig. 6 gezeigten Schaltung lässt sich das sehr einfach wieder ausgleichen, indem eine entsprechend darauf abgestimmte Menge Verdünnungsflüssigkeit W zugeführt wird, so dass auch der zweite Hydrozyklon mit optimaler Einlaufkonsistenz betrieben werden kann.It may be advantageous to carry out the process in several stages, including the Fig. 6 a simple example shows. In this case, a first inventive hydrocyclone is connected to a second hydrocyclone according to the invention by using the heavy fraction H of the first hydrocyclone as feed for the second hydrocyclone. In many cases, the light fractions L produced in both stages can be brought together if they have a comparable quality. The heavy fraction H 'obtained in the second stage then contains, to an even greater extent, the proportions desired therein. As already mentioned, such fractionation processes tend to mean that the heavy fraction H has a higher consistency than the inlet. At the in Fig. 6 The circuit shown can be very easily compensated by a correspondingly matched amount of dilution liquid W is supplied, so that the second hydrocyclone can be operated with optimal inlet consistency.

In der Regel werden bei Durchführung des Verfahrens Zentrifugalkräfte erzeugt, die um ein Vielfaches größer sind als die Erdgravitation. Aus diesem Grunde kann in den meisten Fällen die Lage der Hydrozyklone frei gewählt werden. Auch wenn die senkrechte Anordnung üblich und auch zumeist platzsparend ist, wäre z.B. auch eine waagerechte Anordnung - wie die Fig. 7 zeigt - möglich.As a rule, centrifugal forces are generated in the implementation of the method, which are many times greater than the earth's gravity. For this reason, in most cases, the Location of the hydrocyclones are freely chosen. Even if the vertical arrangement is common and also mostly space-saving, for example, a horizontal arrangement would be - like the Fig. 7 shows - possible.

Die in Fig. 8 dargestellte Variante des erfindungsgemäßen Hydrozyklons unterscheidet sich von der in Fig. 1 im Wesentlichen durch den anders gestalteten zweiten Ringraum 5. Dieser ist hier nach außen durch eine konische Wand begrenzt, was bekanntlich bei Hydrozyklonen zur Erhöhung der Rotationsgeschwindigkeit und Zunahme der Zentrifugalkräfte führen kann. Der sich anschließende zylindrische Teil hat einen entsprechend geringeren Durchmesser 13. Wie bereits erwähnt, hier aber nicht gezeichnet, kann der konische Teil auch bis zum Auslaufende 3 geführt sein:In the Fig. 8 illustrated variant of the hydrocyclone according to the invention differs from the in Fig. 1 This is limited to the outside by a conical wall, which is known to lead in hydrocyclones to increase the rotational speed and increase in centrifugal forces. The adjoining cylindrical part has a correspondingly smaller diameter 13. As already mentioned, but not shown here, the conical part may also be guided to the outlet end 3:

Gemäß Fig. 9 besteht auch die Möglichkeit, stromabwärts vom zweiten Ringraum 5 eine erneute Reduzierung des Strömungsquerschnittes vorzunehmen, wozu dann ein dritter Ringraum 4' dient. An dessen stromabwärtigem Ende schließt sich nach einer Engstelle 8' ein sich in axialer Richtung erweiternder vierter Ringraum 5' an. Auch an der zweiten Engstelle 8' kann eine Verdünnungskammer 12' mit Verdünnungswasseranschluss 11' vorhanden sein. Die Dimensionierung kann ähnlich wie bei der (ersten) Engstelle 8 vorgenommen werden. Diese Ausführungsform, eventuell auch mit weiteren hier nicht gezeichneten Engstellen, ist in der Lage, die Wirkung der Erfindung weiter zu verstärken, da das Auflockern und Fluidisieren der Faserstoffsuspension entsprechend häufiger erfolgt. Vorteilhafterweise kann ein mehrmaliger Abzug der Leichtfraktion vorgesehen werden, wozu hier ein zusätzlicher zentral im Verdrängungskörper 1' geführter Leichtstoffaustrag 6' gestrichelt eingezeichnet ist. Dieser Leichtstoffaustrag 6' zieht einen Teil der Leichtfraktion F zwischen den Engstellen 8 und 8' ab.According to Fig. 9 it is also possible, downstream of the second annulus 5 to make a new reduction of the flow cross-section, what then a third annulus 4 'is used. At its downstream end, after a constriction 8 'is followed by a fourth annular space 5' widening in the axial direction. A dilution chamber 12 'with dilution water connection 11' can also be present at the second constriction 8 '. The dimensioning can be made similar to the (first) constriction 8. This embodiment, possibly with other bottlenecks not shown here, is able to further enhance the effect of the invention, since the loosening and fluidization of the pulp suspension is carried out according to more frequent. Advantageously, a multiple deduction of the light fraction can be provided, for which purpose an additional centrally in the displacement body 1 'guided Leichtstoffaustrag 6' is shown in dashed lines. This Leichtstoffaustrag 6 'pulls a portion of the light fraction F between the bottlenecks 8 and 8' from.

Wie Fig. 10 zeigt, ist es auch möglich, den Leichtstoffaustrag 6' so an das Einlaufende 2 zu legen, dass die sich im Zentrum des Hydrozyklons bei der Durchführung des Verfahrens angesammelte Leichtfraktion L vollständig nach oben und die Schwerfraktion H nach unten aus dem Hydrozyklon abfließen können. "oben" und "unten" gilt bei senkrechter Aufstellung. Weiterhin weist die in Fig. 10 gezeigte Bauform eine Innenwand 14' auf, die zunächst zylindrisch und dann konisch verläuft, wobei sich der Querschnitt zum Auslaufende 3 hin stark verkleinert. Die in Fig. 10 gezeigten weiteren Variationen der Erfindung können einzeln oder in Kombination auch bei den bereits dargestellten Vorrichtungen angewendet werden.As Fig. 10 shows, it is also possible to put the Leichtstoffaustrag 6 'at the inlet end 2, that in the center of the hydrocyclone in the implementation of the method accumulated light fraction L can flow up completely and the heavy fraction H down from the hydrocyclone. "up" and "down" applies when installed vertically. Furthermore, the in Fig. 10 shown design an inner wall 14 ', which is initially cylindrical and then tapered, with the cross section to the outlet end 3 down greatly reduced. In the Fig. 10 shown further variations of the invention can be used individually or in combination also in the devices already shown.

Auch wenn der typische Anwendungsfall des Verfahrens bzw. des erfindungsgemäßen Hydrozyklons die Fraktionierung bei relativ hohen Zentrifugalkräften darstellt, ist es ohne weiteres vorstellbar, die Merkmale der Erfindung auch auf solche Fälle auszudehnen, bei denen mittlere oder geringere Anforderungen an die Trennschärfe gestellt werden. Ein typischer Fall ist die Entfernung von Störstoffen (z:B. Sand) aus einer Altpapiersuspension mit Hilfe von Hydrozyklonen.Even if the typical application of the process or of the hydrocyclone according to the invention represents the fractionation at relatively high centrifugal forces, it is readily conceivable to extend the features of the invention to those cases in which medium or low demands are made on the selectivity. A typical case is the removal of contaminants (eg sand) from a recovered paper suspension with the help of hydrocyclones.

Claims (38)

  1. Method for fractionating an aqueous paper fibre suspension (S) by using at least one hydrocyclone comprising an inlet end (2) and an outlet end (3), into which the paper fibre suspension (S) is introduced through at least one tangential inlet (10) and set in rotation, as a result of which, owing to the centrifugal forces, a heavy fraction (H) accumulates on the inner wall of the hydrocyclone and is conducted along it to a heavy material discharge (7) located at the outlet end (3), as a result of which a light fraction (L) accumulates in the central region of the Hydrocyclone and is discharged through a light material discharge (6), with the rotating paper fibre suspension (S) introduced through the inlet (10) being first conducted into a first annular chamber (4) narrowing in axial direction and then into a second annular chamber (5) widening again in axial direction, and with the suspension being conducted through a constriction (8) located between the first annular chamber (4) and the second annular chamber (5), characterized in that the smallest radial gap width (9) of the constriction (8) is not greater than 20 mm.
  2. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the smallest radial gap width (9) of the constriction (8) is not greater than 10 mm, preferably not greater than 3 mm.
  3. Method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the paper fibre suspension (S) is added at the inlet (10) with a consistency of greater than 0.5%, preferably greater than 1%.
  4. Method according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the discharge of the light fraction (L) takes place at the outlet end (3) of the hydrocyclone.
  5. Method according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the discharge of the light fraction (L) takes place at the inlet end (2) of the hydrocyclone.
  6. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the paper fibre suspension (S) is diluted during the crossover from the first annular chamber (4) to the second annular chamber (5) by adding a diluting liquid (W).
  7. Method according to Claim 6, characterized in that the dilution is carried out immediately downstream of the constriction (8).
  8. Method according to Claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the dilution is carried out in such a way that the heavy fraction (H) arising at the heavy material discharge (7) essentially corresponds to the consistency of the paper fibre suspension (S) added at the inlet.
  9. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, downstream of the second annular chamber (5), the suspension is supplied to a third annular chamber (4') having a further constriction (8') located at the downstream end thereof.
  10. Method according to Claim 9, characterized in that, downstream of the second constriction (8'), the suspension is conducted into a fourth annular chamber (5'), the cross section of which widens in axial direction.
  11. Method according to Claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the suspension is conducted through at least three constrictions.
  12. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the volume flow of the heavy fraction (H) discharged through the heavy material discharge (7) is adjusted to 35 to 65%, preferably 40 to 60% of the volume flow flowing in through the inlet (10).
  13. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fibres contained in the paper fibre suspension (S) are fresh fibres.
  14. Method according to Claim 13, characterized in that the fresh fibres are mechanical wood pulp fibres.
  15. Method according to Claim 13, characterized in that the fresh fibres are chemical wood pulp fibres.
  16. Method according to any one of Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the fibres contained in the paper fibre suspension (S) are waste paper fibres.
  17. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the generated light fraction (L) is enriched with flexible fibres and the heavy fraction (H) is enriched with stiff fibres.
  18. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heavy fraction (H) is enriched with coarse fibres and the light fraction (L) is enriched with fine fibres.
  19. Method according to any one of Claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the light fraction (L) is enriched with earlywood fibres and the heavy fraction (H) is enriched with latewood fibres.
  20. Method according to any one of Claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the heavy fraction (H) is enriched with impurities.
  21. Hydrocyclone for carrying out the method according to any one of the preceding claims comprising a separation chamber having a convex inner wall (14), comprising an inlet end (2) and an outlet end (3), wherein at the inlet end (2) there is located at least one tangential inlet (10) for the paper fibre suspension (S) and at the outlet end (3) there is located at least one heavy material discharge (7) and at least one light material discharge (6) arranged in the central region of the hydrocyclone, with a first annular chamber (4) narrowing in axial direction followed by a second annular chamber (5) widening again in axial direction being located downstream of the inlet (10) and the annular chambers (4, 5) being formed between a fixed central displacement body (1, 1') and the inner wall of the hydrocyclone, and with a constriction (8) being located between the first annular chamber (4) and the second annular chamber (5), characterized in that the smallest radial gap width (9) of the constriction (8) is not greater than 20 mm.
  22. Hydrocyclone according to Claim 21, characterized in that the smallest radial gap width (9) of the constriction (8) is not greater than 10 mm, preferably not greater than 3 mm.
  23. Hydrocyclone according to Claim 21 or 22, characterized in that the light material discharge (6) is located at the outlet end (3).
  24. Hydrocyclone according to Claim 21 or 22, characterized in that the light material discharge (6') is located at the inlet end (2).
  25. Hydrocyclone according to any one of Claims 21 to 24, characterized in that the displacement body (1, 1') has at least one conical surface (18,18').
  26. Hydrocyclone according to any one of Claims 21 to 25, characterized in that the displacement body has at least one convex surface (19).
  27. Hydrocyclone according to any one of Claims 21 to 26, characterized in that the displacement body has at least one concave surface (20).
  28. Hydrocyclone according to any one of Claims 21 to 27, characterized in that the displacement body has a circumferential shoulder (21) in the region of the constriction (8), as a result of which the downstream part attains a small diameter.
  29. Hydrocyclone according to any one of Claims 21 to 28, characterized in that it has at least one dilution water feed (11) for dilution liquid (W), which is hydraulically connected with the crossover from the first annular chamber (4) to the second annular chamber (5).
  30. Hydrocyclone according to Claim 29, characterized in that the dilution liquid (W) is fed into an annular dilution chamber (12), which forms an annular gap at the crossover from the first annular chamber (4) to the second annular chamber (5).
  31. Hydrocyclone according to any one of Claims 21 to 30, characterized in that the inner wall (14) of the hydrocyclone is substantially cylindrical underneath the second annular chamber (5).
  32. Hydrocyclone according to any one of Claims 21 to 31, characterized in that the inner wall (14) of the hydrocyclone is cylindrical over the entire axial length.
  33. Hydrocyclone according to any one of Claims 21 to 32, characterized in that the greatest diameter (13) of the inner wall (14) is a maximum of 150 mm, preferably a maximum of 70 mm in size.
  34. Hydrocyclone according to any one of Claims 21 to 33, characterized in that the axial length (15) of the first annular chamber (4) is at least 40%, preferably at least 50% of the maximum diameter (13) of the inner wall (14).
  35. Hydrocyclone according to any one of Claims 21 to 34, characterized in that the axial length (16) of the second annular chamber (5) has a value of between 10% and 200%, preferably between 50 and 100%, of the maximum diameter (13) of the inner wall (14).
  36. Hydrocyclone according to any one of Claims 21 to 35, characterized in that the heavy material discharge (7) is connected to the hydrocyclone in radial direction.
  37. Hydrocyclone according to any one of Claims 21 to 35, characterized in that the heavy material discharge (7) is tangentially connected to the hydrocyclone.
  38. Hydrocyclone according to any one of Claims 21 to 37, characterized in that the light material discharge (6) is formed by a tube protruding into the hydrocyclone.
EP05790369A 2004-09-22 2005-09-17 Method for fractionating an aqueous paper fibre suspension and hydrocyclone for carrying out said method Not-in-force EP1799903B1 (en)

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DE102004045823A DE102004045823A1 (en) 2004-09-22 2004-09-22 Process for fractionating an aqueous paper fiber suspension and hydrocyclone for carrying out the process
PCT/EP2005/010064 WO2006032427A1 (en) 2004-09-22 2005-09-17 Method for fractionating an aqueous paper fibre suspension and hydrocyclone for carrying out said method

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DE102008010447A1 (en) * 2008-02-21 2009-08-27 Voith Patent Gmbh Fibrous material suspension treating and utilizing method for manufacturing paper, involves forming fine fraction and coarse fraction by fractioning function, where coarse fraction is predominantly used for layer of paper
DE102010022414A1 (en) * 2010-06-01 2011-12-01 Günther Kramb jun. Emulsifying device for emulsifying two or multiple substances used in beverage industry, chemical industry, pharmaceutical industry and medicines, has housing which encloses reaction chamber that has inlets for both mediums
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EP1799903A1 (en) 2007-06-27
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RU2007110481A (en) 2008-09-27
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