EP1759030A1 - Carbon fibre-reinforced light-weight metal component and method for the production thereof - Google Patents
Carbon fibre-reinforced light-weight metal component and method for the production thereofInfo
- Publication number
- EP1759030A1 EP1759030A1 EP05750173A EP05750173A EP1759030A1 EP 1759030 A1 EP1759030 A1 EP 1759030A1 EP 05750173 A EP05750173 A EP 05750173A EP 05750173 A EP05750173 A EP 05750173A EP 1759030 A1 EP1759030 A1 EP 1759030A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- light metal
- carbon fiber
- light
- metal part
- carbon
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C49/02—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the matrix material
- C22C49/04—Light metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C47/08—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments by contacting the fibres or filaments with molten metal, e.g. by infiltrating the fibres or filaments placed in a mould
- C22C47/12—Infiltration or casting under mechanical pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
- B22F2003/248—Thermal after-treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
Definitions
- Carbon fiber reinforced light metal part and method of making the same
- the invention relates to a method for the production of carbon fiber-reinforced light metal parts by infiltration of a fiber preform made of carbon fibers with a light metal melt.
- the invention includes a carbon fiber reinforced light metal part and uses thereof.
- a combination of materials which is particularly promising for many applications represents the pairing of light metals with carbon fibers.
- Light metals on the one hand, have a low density and are easy to process in themselves, so that lightweight components can be produced easily and inexpensively;
- the mechanical properties of light metals are limited mainly in terms of a modulus of elasticity and a tensile strength value.
- carbon fibers also have low tensile strength, high tensile strength and high modulus of elasticity.
- a production of kohJenstoffmaschinever prisonen light metal parts which are understood with long fibers, which here are understood fibers having a length of more than 1000 microns, or to be reinforced with two-dimensional fabric, is made by making a Faservorform consisting of fibers and intervening open spaces from the fibers and the fiber preform is then infiltrated with a light metal melt.
- a Faservorform consisting of fibers and intervening open spaces from the fibers and the fiber preform is then infiltrated with a light metal melt.
- it is known in the art to press a light metal melt into a fiber preform by means of a punch having a pressure of about 1000 bar in a mold, which process is referred to as squeeze casting.
- the high pressures required in this preparation may result in damage to the solid fiber preform, such as breakage of individual fibers.
- a light metal melt is provided and then a fiber preform is dipped into the molten metal melt. Subsequently, a pressure is applied to the surface of the light metal melt by means of a gas, which causes an infiltration of the fiber preform.
- the at pressures used in such processes are lower than those used in squeeze casting, and therefore fiber preform integrity after infiltration seems attainable.
- the comparatively lower pressures for pressure casting are intended to make it possible to protect the fiber preform during infiltration, but infiltration can often be incomplete at the same time, so that pores occur in the reinforced light metal part.
- This problem is especially pronounced when lightweight metals are to be reinforced with a high proportion of carbon fibers, because with increasing fiber content, a wettability of the fibers decreases in an infiltration and a tendency to pore formation or the occurrence of voids increases.
- Another object of the invention is to provide a carbon fiber reinforced light metal part, which is due to its property profile suitable for use in space technology, in particular as a mirror.
- the procedural object of the invention is achieved by exposing the fiber preform and solid light metal material to a vacuum and heating them to a temperature at which the light metal material has melted, after which pressure is applied to the light metal melt by means of a gas and the fiber preform infiltrated with molten metal, whereupon the infiltrated fiber preform is allowed to cool while maintaining the pressure.
- the fiber preform By providing evacuation gas is removed from the free spaces of the fiber preform, whereby a subsequent infiltration of the preform with light metal melt is greatly facilitated. Since the vacuum is maintained until the light metal is present as a melt, the light metal melt can be degassed by the vacuum at the same time. A heating of the fiber preform associated with a melting of a light metal, in addition to an increased wettability of the fibers, that the light metal melt can invest in the infiltration completely to the surface of the fibers without immediately solidify. Since solidification of the melt upon contact with fiber surfaces is avoided, the fiber preform can be completely filled with light metal melt under pressure.
- a pressure is maintained even when solidifying the molten metal; This allows a re-pressing of melt in any existing pores or holes caused by shrinkage, thus contributing to a void-free or pore-free formation of a carbon fiber reinforced light metal part.
- a pressure of 50 to 220 bar, in particular 70 to 170 bar is applied to this.
- a minimum pressure of 50 bar, in particular 70 bar proves to be favorable for a high proportion by volume of carbon fibers in order to introduce liquid light metal into the spaces of the fiber preform which are not filled by carbon fibers.
- the gas is an inert gas, in particular helium or argon, then a pressurization of the light metal melt can be carried out without there being a reaction of the gas used with the light metal melt.
- the carbon fiber-reinforced light metal part is additionally subjected to a heat treatment.
- a heat treatment caused by cyclic thermal load between -100 0 C and 100 0 C caused change in length of the reinforced light metal part can be minimized.
- the above effect is particularly effective when the heat treatment is from solution heat treating the carbon fiber reinforced light metal part for at least two hours, then quenching it in air, then hot aging the light metal part for at least 2 hours at at least 100 ° C and cooling the light metal part to ambient temperature consists.
- Temperature-induced changes in length of a composite part can also be counteracted if the carbon fiber reinforced light metal part is maintained after production and cooling to ambient temperature (about 25 0 C) for at least one more minute in liquid nitrogen. However, it is even more effective if the carbon fiber reinforced light metal part is held in liquid nitrogen for at least one minute after a heat treatment. This allows an increase in the effects already achieved with a heat treatment.
- liquid magnesium has a very low tendency to react with carbon of the fibers to metal carbides.
- the fiber preform expediently has parallel aligned carbon fibers.
- the further object of the invention is achieved by a carbon fiber-reinforced light metal part according to claim 11.
- a light metal part according to the invention has high mechanical properties, above all high tensile strength and high elasticity modulus (s) at low density. At the same time, a thermal conductivity is good and a thermal expansion coefficient is extremely low.
- inventive light metal parts are thermally stable between room or ambient temperature (about 25 0 C) and 100 0 C. In other words, between approx. 25 ° C. and 100 ° C., ie in a temperature range important in particular for mirrors used in aerospace engineering, the dimensions of a heat-treated light metal part do not change significantly with repeated heating and cooling.
- Such carbon fiber reinforced light metal parts have a wide range of applications. Due to their property profile, they are suitable as optical components, in particular mirrors for space technology. Because of their high mechanical characteristics and low density, light metal parts according to the invention are also particularly suitable for use in aerospace components.
- FIG. 1a shows a schematic representation of an undirectionally fiber-reinforced light metal part
- FIG. 1b a photograph of the cross section of a unidirectionally carbon fiber-reinforced light metal part transverse to the fiber direction
- FIG. 1c an enlarged detail from FIG. 1b
- Figure 2a A photograph of a woven fabric of carbon fibers
- FIG. 2b a photograph of the cross section of a light metal part reinforced with carbon fiber fabric
- FIG. 2c shows an enlarged section from region R of FIG. 2b;
- FIG. 1a shows a schematic representation of an undirectionally fiber-reinforced light metal part
- FIG. 1b a photograph of the cross section of a unidirectionally carbon fiber-reinforced light metal part transverse to the fiber direction
- FIG. 1c an enlarged detail from FIG. 1b
- Figure 2a A photograph of a woven fabric of carbon fibers
- FIG. 2b a photograph of the cross section of a light metal part reinforced with carbon fiber fabric
- FIG. 3 A graph of the fractions of density versus modulus of elasticity plotted against the fractions of thermal expansion coefficient to thermal conductivity for various materials;
- Figure 4 change in the length of a non-heat treated workpiece with repeated heating and cooling;
- FIG. 5 change in the length of a workpiece treated after a heat treatment A with repeated heating and cooling;
- FIG. 6 shows a change in the length of a workpiece treated after a heat treatment B during repeated heating and cooling;
- FIG. 7 Change in the length of a workpiece treated after a heat treatment C with repeated heating and cooling.
- the thus prepared fiber preform was placed in an evacuable container or autoclave. Thereafter, a light alloy AZ91 was on the Fiber preform filed; the composition of this alloy is given in Table I. The weight of the alloy was dimensioned with respect to the free spaces of the fiber preform, so that a complete filling of these spaces was made possible.
- the autoclave was evacuated and the fiber preform and the alloy were heated under vacuum to a temperature of 638 0 C, so that the alloy was present as a melt. Thereafter, the melt was pressurized by helium with a pressure of 83 bar, infiltrated the fiber preform and finally allowed to cool the autoclave or the infiltrated fiber preform while maintaining the pressure.
- the carbon fiber reinforced composite part thus prepared was examined more closely.
- the composite part has a structure as shown schematically in FIG. 1 a: parallel aligned carbon fibers 1 are embedded in a light metal matrix 2.
- FIG. 1b on the basis of a cross-sectional image, the fibers are distributed macroscopically over wide areas; Cracks in the composite part are not recognizable.
- FIG. 1c which shows an enlarged detail of region K of FIG. 1b, it can clearly be seen that carbon fibers 1 and light metal 2 together form a dense body which is free of pores or voids.
- the carbon fiber reinforced light metal part had proportionally 60% by volume carbon and 40% by volume AZ91.
- the density was 2:02 like "3.
- An elastic modulus of the composite was in the direction of the fibers 450 GPa.
- For the tensile strength of a value of 1200 MPa was measured in the fiber direction.
- the average coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) was in the fiber direction for the temperature range of 2O 0 C to 100 0 C on average 0.4 ppm / K. Transverse to the fiber direction, a thermal expansion coefficient (CTE) in the same temperature range was about 30 ppm / K.
- the thermal conductivity K was determined to be 340 W / mK.
- the composite part produced was a five-fold heating / cooling between -100 0 C and 100 0 C subjected. It turned out that a hysteresis occurs and a sample continues to expand (FIG. 4).
- carbon fiber-reinforced light metal parts produced as described above were subjected to various heat treatments A, B or C. The heat treatments were carried out as follows:
- Heat treatment A solution annealing at 410 ° C. for 12 hours, quenching in air at ambient temperature, then heat aging at 200 ° C. for 15 hours, finally cooling in air;
- Heat treatment B After producing the light metal part, cool in air to ambient temperature and then hold the light metal part for 5 minutes in liquid nitrogen (temperature -196 0 C);
- Heat treatment C solution heat treatment of the light metal part at 410 ° C. for 12 hours, then quenching in air at ambient temperature, then heat aging at 200 ° C. for 15 hours and finally cooling to ambient temperature in air for five minutes in liquid nitrogen.
- Figures 4 to 7 also show that an inventive light metal part between ambient temperature and 100 0 C does not significantly expand.
- the microstructure of the heat-treated light metal parts corresponded to that of the untreated light metal parts (FIG. 1b or FIG. 1c).
- a carbon fiber reinforced light metal part was produced analogously to Example 1, wherein the fiber preform was formed by a plurality of superimposed fabrics, as shown in Figure 2b.
- the fabric shown is commercially available under the designation K13C2U from Mitsubishi Chemical America.
- the single ones Tissues were each rotated by 90 ° C. (so-called 0.90 architecture).
- a carbon fiber reinforced light metal part with a fiber content of 60% by volume, balance AZ91 was created.
- the infiltration was carried out at a temperature of 670 0 C and a pressure of 83 bar, with argon was used as the gas.
- materials according to the invention are excellent for components used in aerospace applications.
- composite parts according to the invention are particularly suitable for the production of mirrors used in space technology because of a balanced property profile and high thermal stability.
- Such mirrors require that a quotient of density (p) to modulus of elasticity (E) as well as a quotient of thermal expansion coefficient (CTE) to thermal conductivity (K) are as low as possible.
- FIG. 3 shows that composite parts according to Examples 1 and 2 outstandingly fulfill these requirements in comparison to known materials such as silicon or beryllium.
- composite parts according to the invention exceed known carbon fiber-reinforced light metal parts in terms of these properties (the values 3, 3 'correspond to a carbon fiber-reinforced light metal part and are from R. Wendt, M. Misra, Fabrication of near-net shape graphite / magnesium composites for large mirrors SPIE Vol. 1303 Advances in Optical Structure Systems (1990) p. 554 et seq.).
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT0106704A AT413704B (en) | 2004-06-23 | 2004-06-23 | CARBON FIBER REINFORCED LIGHT METAL PART AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
PCT/AT2005/000201 WO2006000003A1 (en) | 2004-06-23 | 2005-06-07 | Carbon fibre-reinforced light-weight metal component and method for the production thereof |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1759030A1 true EP1759030A1 (en) | 2007-03-07 |
Family
ID=34916818
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP05750173A Ceased EP1759030A1 (en) | 2004-06-23 | 2005-06-07 | Carbon fibre-reinforced light-weight metal component and method for the production thereof |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1759030A1 (en) |
AT (1) | AT413704B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2006000003A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100862057B1 (en) | 2007-10-04 | 2008-10-09 | 금호석유화학 주식회사 | Asphalt modifier compositions improved melting for asphalt and modified asphalt using it |
US9575223B2 (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2017-02-21 | Raytheon Company | Magnesium mirrors and methods of manufacture thereof |
CN113430482B (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2022-08-05 | 迪沃伊格尔(深圳)科技有限公司 | Method for manufacturing carbon fiber special-shaped body for aerospace, aviation and fire fighting |
CN114752872A (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2022-07-15 | 迪沃伊格尔(深圳)科技有限公司 | Carbon fiber metal composite material structure and preparation method thereof |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4294788A (en) * | 1979-12-05 | 1981-10-13 | General Electric Company | Method of making a shaped silicon carbide-silicon matrix composite and articles made thereby |
US4492265A (en) * | 1980-08-04 | 1985-01-08 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Method for production of composite material using preheating of reinforcing material |
GB2115327B (en) * | 1982-02-08 | 1985-10-09 | Secr Defence | Casting fibre reinforced metals |
JPS63195235A (en) * | 1987-02-10 | 1988-08-12 | Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd | Fiber-reinforced metallic composite material |
JPH01221228A (en) * | 1987-12-10 | 1989-09-04 | General Electric Co <Ge> | Method and device for manufacturing fiber-reinforced composite article |
US4963439A (en) * | 1988-04-19 | 1990-10-16 | Ube Industries, Ltd. | Continuous fiber-reinforced Al-Co alloy matrix composite |
EP0363286B1 (en) * | 1988-09-13 | 1993-11-10 | PECHINEY RECHERCHE (Groupement d'Intérêt Economique régi par l'ordonnance du 23 Septembre 1967) | Material for electronic components and process for preparing the components |
SU1790238A1 (en) * | 1990-01-09 | 1995-05-10 | Научно-производственное объединение "Всесоюзный научно-исследовательский институт авиационных материалов" | Method for producing composite materials with metal matrix |
US5814408A (en) * | 1996-01-31 | 1998-09-29 | Applied Sciences, Inc. | Aluminum matrix composite and method for making same |
FR2772049B1 (en) * | 1997-12-04 | 2000-02-18 | Aerospatiale | PIECE OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL WITH HIGH RIGIDITY AND HIGH STABILITY METAL MATRIX IN A LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION |
DE19856721A1 (en) * | 1998-12-09 | 2000-06-15 | Ecm Ingenieur Unternehmen Fuer | Process for producing a silicon carbide composite reinforced with short carbon fibers |
US6749937B2 (en) * | 2002-03-19 | 2004-06-15 | Honeywell International Inc. | Melt-infiltrated pitch-pan preforms |
-
2004
- 2004-06-23 AT AT0106704A patent/AT413704B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2005
- 2005-06-07 EP EP05750173A patent/EP1759030A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2005-06-07 WO PCT/AT2005/000201 patent/WO2006000003A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO2006000003A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AT413704B (en) | 2006-05-15 |
ATA10672004A (en) | 2005-09-15 |
WO2006000003A1 (en) | 2006-01-05 |
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Legal Events
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Inventor name: SCHULZ, PETER Inventor name: PAPAKYRIACOU, MARIA Inventor name: RUSSEL-STEVENS, MARK |
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17Q | First examination report despatched |
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RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: REITER, JOSEF Inventor name: RUSSEL-STEVENS, MARK Inventor name: SCHULZ, PETER Inventor name: PAPAKYRIACOU, MARIA |
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RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: ARC LEICHTMETALLKOMPETENZZENTRUM RANSHOFEN GMBH |
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