EP1756842A2 - System for cooling components of wind power stations - Google Patents

System for cooling components of wind power stations

Info

Publication number
EP1756842A2
EP1756842A2 EP05752462A EP05752462A EP1756842A2 EP 1756842 A2 EP1756842 A2 EP 1756842A2 EP 05752462 A EP05752462 A EP 05752462A EP 05752462 A EP05752462 A EP 05752462A EP 1756842 A2 EP1756842 A2 EP 1756842A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrical system
cooling elements
cooling
transformer
flow
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05752462A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jörg FINDEISEN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP1756842A2 publication Critical patent/EP1756842A2/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/08—Cooling; Ventilating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/02—Casings
    • H01F27/025—Constructional details relating to cooling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an arrangement for cooling components of wind turbines.
  • the state of the art is the use of conventional transformers in which the losses to be dissipated are dissipated by radiators and fans. These are usually installed side by side on the boiler wall of the transformer. A large number of radiators are required for this. Fans for vertical or horizontal air circulation are attached to these radiators. In the case of wind farm transformers on land, noise requirements must also be observed, which leads to the use of slowly rotating, low-noise fans. In order to still achieve the cooling capacity, a larger number of fans are therefore required - with the associated higher acquisition and operating costs.
  • a further serious disadvantage is the guarantee of corrosion protection and degree of protection due to the aggressive environmental conditions, especially in the offshore area.
  • the fans generally have an opening for condensation, which leads to problems and thus to failures in the climatic conditions at sea , Furthermore, the fans require large amounts of energy that are provided by the system and therefore also incur costs.
  • a control cabinet with switching devices, motor protection switches and monitoring devices on the transformer is required to control the fans.
  • the external wiring between the fan control cabinet and fans means additional effort.
  • the fan control cabinet and the Fans themselves also require inspection and maintenance (possibly repair work), which is associated with considerable costs, particularly in offshore systems. Since maintenance work cannot always be carried out in the offshore area due to the weather, the use of low-maintenance and highly available components is of particular importance.
  • transformer is only an example for each electrical and / or mechanical system.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an effective and simple cooling of transformers.
  • the aim of the invention is to avoid the disadvantages mentioned above.
  • the inventive use of the wind that is always present when operating wind power plants and the inventive design of the transformer and its components make it possible to achieve an effective and simple dissipation of the thermal energy generated in the transformer. This also reduces the manufacturing and operating costs of the transformer.
  • This wind fading not only eliminates the fan control cabinet, the cabling and the fans themselves, but also the temperature measuring devices
  • the function of wind turbines presupposes the presence of a stronger air flow.
  • the flowing medium can also be a liquid.
  • the system according to the invention can also be used in a flow field under water. According to the present invention, a method is provided in which a flowing medium flows around an energy converter, for example a generator, which develops an associated higher heat through increased power, the heat due to the structural design of the transformer and that with the Transformer-connected cooling elements is effectively removed with the help of the flowing medium.
  • this air flow is used to cool the transformer.
  • the invention also makes use of the fact that the air flow automatically increases with a higher load on the transformer.
  • the transformer is designed so that the natural air flow flows around its outer surface and the cooling elements.
  • the length of the cooling elements is designed so that they form a large cross-sectional area for the circulating medium (wind).
  • the depth of the cooling elements is designed so that the air flow resistance does not become too high and turbulent flow through the cooling air is achieved.
  • the cooling elements are arranged in such a way that they do not mutually stand in the slipstream. The spacing and arrangement of the cooling elements are selected so that the boiler of the transformer itself is reached by the air flow.
  • the outer skin of the transformer is designed so that it acts as a flow guide for the cooling elements and itself.
  • the transformer is designed in such a way that connection technology and accessories are be arranged so that they do not obstruct the flow of cooling air.
  • additional heat-emitting surfaces are attached to the outer skin of the transformer, which surfaces are expediently placed in areas with favorable coolant flow conditions. Depending on the flow conditions, these surfaces can be attached horizontally, vertically or at an angle.
  • the shape and arrangement of these surfaces is selected so that on the one hand there is maximum coverage with the cooling medium air and at the same time a disturbance in the blowing of other heat-emitting parts is avoided.
  • the mechanically required stiffeners of the boiler are arranged so that they do not hinder the natural blowing of the heat-emitting parts.
  • the stiffeners and additional cooling surfaces can be designed in such a way that they serve as a flow guiding device.
  • the design of the boiler and the cooling elements takes place in such a way that mutually irradiating surfaces are avoided or reduced and almost the entire surface of the boiler can emit heat through radiation.
  • the cooling elements are designed so that an effective heat exchange within the cooling elements is guaranteed.
  • the width, spacing and diameter of the cooling channels, as well as the materials used promote an exchange of thermal energy over the largest possible surface.
  • the cooling elements may be attached via compensators for vibration damping / vibration decoupling.
  • the transformer is expediently mounted in this way makes the air flow flow around him at a high speed.
  • the elevated installation in open terrain is particularly advantageous, with no buildings or obstacles in the main wind direction.
  • the invention is also suitable for offshore substations on the high seas, which enable free and high installation of the cooling system.
  • the design of the bottom of the platform is to be carried out in such a way that vertical air currents reach all or part of the cooling elements and thus the flow within the cooling elements additionally uses the convection effect.
  • the platform of an onshore or offshore substation is designed in such a way that the supports of a wind turbine are used for the substation and / or the attachment of the cooling system.
  • the flow-guiding device enables an effective vertical blowing to be achieved even with a plate heat sink or a radiator when the wind is at right angles to the plate by deflecting the horizontal air flow.
  • the flow guide devices improve the flow of air around the cooling system regardless of the wind direction.
  • the flow guide device is designed such that an additional Air flow is achieved without the flow being obstructed by parts of the guide device when there is a different wind direction.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a previous transformer with cooling elements arranged.
  • FIG. 4 side view of a transformer according to the invention for a wind farm
  • FIG. 5 shows a side view of a transformer according to the invention for a wind farm with flow control devices
  • FIG. 6 top view of a transformer according to the invention with four cooling elements and a flow guide device
  • FIG. 7 top view of a transformer according to the invention with two rigid and two pivotable cooling elements and two flow control devices; 8a, 8b flow guide device according to the invention;
  • FIG. 9 shows schematic side views of a cooling element with flow guiding devices and guided cooling medium
  • FIG. 10 shows a schematic side view and top view of an inventive circular cooling element with air and liquid cooling
  • FIG. 11 shows a schematic representation of a platform according to the invention with cooling elements offset in height relative to the transformer
  • FIG. 12 shows a schematic representation of a cooling element according to the invention with flow guide devices arranged inside and outside.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transformer Cooling (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a system which utilizes the flow of a medium for cooling an installation, especially a transformer. The invention utilizes the fact that the flow of the medium, e.g. wind, automatically increases with increasing load of the transformer. The inventive transformer is designed in such a manner that its outer shape and the cooling elements are impinged upon by the natural air flow to a maximum degree. For this purpose, the cooling elements across their length are adapted to have a large cross-sectional area for the flowing medium. The depth of the cooling elements is chosen such that the flow resistance is not too high and so as to achieve a turbulent flow of the cooling air. Distance and arrangement of the cooling elements are chosen such that the transformer tank itself is reached by the flowing medium and serves for cooling.

Description

Beschreibungdescription
Anordnung zur Kühlung von Komponenten von WindkraftanlagenArrangement for cooling components of wind turbines
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Anordnung zur Kühlung von Komponenten von Windkraftanlagen.The invention relates to an arrangement for cooling components of wind turbines.
Stand der Technik ist der Einsatz konventioneller Transformatoren bei denen die abzuführenden Verluste durch Radiatoren und Lüfter abgeführt werden. Diese sind zumeist nebeneinander an der Kesselwand des Transformators angebracht. Dazu sind eine hohe Anzahl Radiatoren erforderlich. An diesen Radiatoren werden Lüfter zur vertikalen oder horizontalen Luftzirkulation angebracht. Bei Windparktransformatoren an Land müssen zudem Geräuschforderungen beachtet werden, was zum Einsatz langsam drehender geräuschärmerer Lüfter führt. Um die Kühlleistung dennoch zu erreichen, sind deshalb eine größere Anzahl von Lüftern erforderlich - mit damit verbundenen höheren Anschaffungs- und Betriebskosten.The state of the art is the use of conventional transformers in which the losses to be dissipated are dissipated by radiators and fans. These are usually installed side by side on the boiler wall of the transformer. A large number of radiators are required for this. Fans for vertical or horizontal air circulation are attached to these radiators. In the case of wind farm transformers on land, noise requirements must also be observed, which leads to the use of slowly rotating, low-noise fans. In order to still achieve the cooling capacity, a larger number of fans are therefore required - with the associated higher acquisition and operating costs.
Einen weiteren gravierenden Nachteil stellt aufgrund der aggressiven Umgebungsbedingungen, insbesondere im Offshore- Bereich, die Gewährleistung des Korrosionsschutzes und Schutzgrades dar. Die Lüfter verfügen in der Regel über eine Öffnung für Kondenswasser, welche bei den Klimabedingungen auf See zu Problemen, und damit zu Ausfällen führt. Des Weiteren benötigen die Lüfter große Energiemengen, die von der Anlage bereitgestellt werden uss und daher ebenfalls Kosten verursacht .A further serious disadvantage is the guarantee of corrosion protection and degree of protection due to the aggressive environmental conditions, especially in the offshore area. The fans generally have an opening for condensation, which leads to problems and thus to failures in the climatic conditions at sea , Furthermore, the fans require large amounts of energy that are provided by the system and therefore also incur costs.
Für die Steuerung der Lüfter ist ein Schaltschrank mit Schalteinrichtungen, Motorschutzschaltern sowie Überwachungsgeräten am Transformator erforderlich. Weiteren Aufwand bedeutet die Außenverdrahtung zwischen Lüf- terschaltschrank und Lüftern. Der Lüftersteuerschrank und die Lüfter selber erfordern außerdem einen Inspektions- und Wartungsaufwand (gegebenenfalls Reparaturaufwand) , welcher insbesondere bei Offshore-Anlagen mit erheblichen Kosten verbunden ist. Da wetterbedingt im Offshore-Bereich nicht jederzeit Wartungsarbeiten durchgeführt werden können, kommt der Verwendung wartungsarmer und hochverfügbarer Komponenten besondere Bedeutung zu.A control cabinet with switching devices, motor protection switches and monitoring devices on the transformer is required to control the fans. The external wiring between the fan control cabinet and fans means additional effort. The fan control cabinet and the Fans themselves also require inspection and maintenance (possibly repair work), which is associated with considerable costs, particularly in offshore systems. Since maintenance work cannot always be carried out in the offshore area due to the weather, the use of low-maintenance and highly available components is of particular importance.
Die Bezeichnung „Transformator" steht im Sinne der vorliegen- den Erfindung nur exemplarisch für jede elektrische und/oder mechanische Anlage.In the context of the present invention, the term “transformer” is only an example for each electrical and / or mechanical system.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es eine effektive und einfache Kühlung von Transformatoren bereitzustellen.The object of the invention is to provide an effective and simple cooling of transformers.
Ziel der Erfindung ist die Vermeidung der oben genannten Nachteile. Durch erfindungsgemäße Nutzung des beim Betrieb von Windkraftanlagen immer vorhandenen Windes und die erfindungsgemäße Gestaltung des Transformators und seiner Kompo- nenten, lässt sich eine effektive und einfache Abführung der im Transformator erzeugten Wärmeenergie erreichen. Dies verringert ebenfalls die Herstellungs- als auch die Betriebskosten des Transformators. Durch diese Windbeblassung entfallen nicht nur der Lüfterschaltschrank, die Verkabelung und die Lüfter selber, sondern auch die Temperaturmessgeräte zurThe aim of the invention is to avoid the disadvantages mentioned above. The inventive use of the wind that is always present when operating wind power plants and the inventive design of the transformer and its components make it possible to achieve an effective and simple dissipation of the thermal energy generated in the transformer. This also reduces the manufacturing and operating costs of the transformer. This wind fading not only eliminates the fan control cabinet, the cabling and the fans themselves, but also the temperature measuring devices
Steuerung und der Steuermechanismus. Es ist nur noch ein Temperaturmesser (PT100 ausreichend) , für die Warnüberwachung und Abschaltung erforderlich.Control and the control mechanism. Only one temperature meter (PT100 sufficient) is required for warning monitoring and shutdown.
Die Funktion von Windkraftanlagen setzt das Vorhandensein einer stärkeren Luftströmung voraus. Das bringt für Transformatoren in Windparks und für Offshore-U spannwerke die Besonderheit mit sich, dass im Lastfall des Transformators immer eine natürliche Luftströmung vorhanden ist. Das strömende Medium kann jedoch auch eine Flüssigkeit sein. So ist die erfindungsgemäße Anlage auch in einem Strömungsfeld unter Wasser nutzbar. Gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung wird eine Methode bereitgestellt, bei der ein strömendes Me- dium einen Energieumwandler, z.B. einen Generator, umströmt, der durch eine erhöhte Leistung eine damit verbundene höhere Wärme entwickelt, wobei die Wärme aufgrund der baulichen Ausführung des Transformators und der mit dem Transformator verbundenen Kühlelemente mit Hilfe des umströmenden Mediums ef- fektiv abgeführt wird.The function of wind turbines presupposes the presence of a stronger air flow. For transformers in wind farms and for offshore substations, this brings with it the special feature that there is always a natural air flow when the transformer is loaded. However, the flowing medium can also be a liquid. The system according to the invention can also be used in a flow field under water. According to the present invention, a method is provided in which a flowing medium flows around an energy converter, for example a generator, which develops an associated higher heat through increased power, the heat due to the structural design of the transformer and that with the Transformer-connected cooling elements is effectively removed with the help of the flowing medium.
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Luftströmung zur Kühlung des Transformators genutzt. Die Erfindung nutzt außerdem die Tatsache das die Luftströmung automatisch mit stärkerer Belas- tung des Transformators wächst. Der Transformator wird erfindungsgemäß so gestaltet, dass seine äußere Oberfläche und die Kühlelemente maximal von der natürlichen Luftströmung umströmt werden. Dazu sind die Kühlelemente in ihrer Länge so gestaltet, dass sie eine große Querschnittsfläche für das um- strömende Medium (Wind) bilden. Des Weiteren wird die Tiefe der Kühlelemente so gestaltet, dass der Luftströmungswiderstand nicht zu hoch wird und eine turbulente Durchströmung mit der Kühlluft erreicht wird. Die Kühlelemente werden erfindungsgemäß so angeordnet, dass sie sich nicht gegenseitig in den Windschatten stellen. Abstand und Anordnung der Kühlelemente werden so gewählt, dass auch der Kessel des Transformators selbst vom Luftstrom erreicht wird.According to the invention, this air flow is used to cool the transformer. The invention also makes use of the fact that the air flow automatically increases with a higher load on the transformer. According to the invention, the transformer is designed so that the natural air flow flows around its outer surface and the cooling elements. For this purpose, the length of the cooling elements is designed so that they form a large cross-sectional area for the circulating medium (wind). Furthermore, the depth of the cooling elements is designed so that the air flow resistance does not become too high and turbulent flow through the cooling air is achieved. According to the invention, the cooling elements are arranged in such a way that they do not mutually stand in the slipstream. The spacing and arrangement of the cooling elements are selected so that the boiler of the transformer itself is reached by the air flow.
Weiterhin wird durch geeignete Strömungsleiteinrichtungen zusätzliche Luft zu den Kühlelementen geführt. Der Außenhaut des Transformators wird so gestaltet, das sie selbst als Strömungsleiter für die Kühlelemente und sich selber wirkt. Die Gestaltung des Transformators wird erfindungsgemäß in der Art ausgeführt, dass Anschlusstechnik und Zubehörteile so an- geordnet werden, dass sie die Strömung der Kühlluft nicht behindern. In einer besonderen Ausführung der Erfindung werden an der Außenhaut des Transformators zusätzliche Wärme abgebende Flächen angebracht, welche zweckmäßigerweise in Berei- chen mit günstigen Kühlmittelströmungsverhältnissen platziert sind. Diese Flächen können je nach Strömungsverhältnissen sowohl horizontal als auch vertikal oder winklig angebracht werden.Furthermore, additional air is led to the cooling elements by suitable flow control devices. The outer skin of the transformer is designed so that it acts as a flow guide for the cooling elements and itself. According to the invention, the transformer is designed in such a way that connection technology and accessories are be arranged so that they do not obstruct the flow of cooling air. In a special embodiment of the invention, additional heat-emitting surfaces are attached to the outer skin of the transformer, which surfaces are expediently placed in areas with favorable coolant flow conditions. Depending on the flow conditions, these surfaces can be attached horizontally, vertically or at an angle.
Die Form und Anordnung dieser Flächen wird so gewählt, dass einerseits eine maximale Bestreichung mit dem Kühlmedium Luft erfolgt und gleichzeitig eine Störung der Beblasung anderer Wärme abgebender Teile vermieden wird. Die mechanisch erforderlichen Versteifungen des Kessels werden so angeordnet, dass sie die natürliche Beblasung der Wärme abgebenden Teile nicht behindern.The shape and arrangement of these surfaces is selected so that on the one hand there is maximum coverage with the cooling medium air and at the same time a disturbance in the blowing of other heat-emitting parts is avoided. The mechanically required stiffeners of the boiler are arranged so that they do not hinder the natural blowing of the heat-emitting parts.
In einer besonderen Ausführungsform können die Versteifungen und zusätzlichen Kühlflächen in der Art ausgebildet werden, dass sie als Strömungsleiteinrichtung dienen. Die Gestaltung des Kessels und der Kühlelemente erfolgt in der Art, das sich gegenseitig bestrahlende Flächen vermieden oder vermindert werden und nahezu die gesamte Fläche des Kessels Wärme durch Strahlung abgeben kann.In a special embodiment, the stiffeners and additional cooling surfaces can be designed in such a way that they serve as a flow guiding device. The design of the boiler and the cooling elements takes place in such a way that mutually irradiating surfaces are avoided or reduced and almost the entire surface of the boiler can emit heat through radiation.
Darüber hinaus sind die Kühlelemente so gestaltet, dass ein effektiver Wärmeaustausch innerhalb der Kühlelemente gewährleistet ist. Insbesondere die Breite, Abstände und Durchmesser der Kühlkanäle, sowie die verwendeten Materialien fördern einen Austausch der Wärmeenergie über eine möglichst große Oberfläche .In addition, the cooling elements are designed so that an effective heat exchange within the cooling elements is guaranteed. In particular, the width, spacing and diameter of the cooling channels, as well as the materials used, promote an exchange of thermal energy over the largest possible surface.
Weiterhin ist es möglich dass die Kühlelemente über Kompensa- toren zur Schwingungsdämpfung/Schwingungsentkopplung angebaut werden. Zweckmäßigerweise wird der Transformator so aufge- stellt, dass ihn die Luftströmung mit einer hohen Geschwindigkeit umströmt. Besonders vorteilhaft ist die erhöhte Aufstellung im freien Gelände, wobei keine Gebäude oder Hindernisse in der Hauptwindrichtung sein sollten. Ebenfalls eignet sich die Erfindung für Offshore-Umspannwerken auf hoher See, die eine freie und hohe Aufstellung der Kühlanlage ermöglichen .Furthermore, it is possible for the cooling elements to be attached via compensators for vibration damping / vibration decoupling. The transformer is expediently mounted in this way makes the air flow flow around him at a high speed. The elevated installation in open terrain is particularly advantageous, with no buildings or obstacles in the main wind direction. The invention is also suitable for offshore substations on the high seas, which enable free and high installation of the cooling system.
Weiterhin ist die Gestaltung des Bodens der Plattform in der Art vorzunehmen, das vertikale Luftströmungen alle oder Teile der Kühlelemente erreichen und damit die Strömung innerhalb der Kühlelemente zusätzlich den Konvektionseffekt ausnutzt. Die Plattform eines On - oder Offshore - Umspannwerkes ist in der Art gestaltet, dass die Stützen einer Windturbine für das Umspannwerk und/oder die Anbringung der Kühlanlage genutzt werden.Furthermore, the design of the bottom of the platform is to be carried out in such a way that vertical air currents reach all or part of the cooling elements and thus the flow within the cooling elements additionally uses the convection effect. The platform of an onshore or offshore substation is designed in such a way that the supports of a wind turbine are used for the substation and / or the attachment of the cooling system.
Weiterhin sind so genannte Strömungsleiteinrichtungen an den Kühlelementen zur Kanalisierung des strömenden Mediums auf die Kühlelemente. Vorteil ist hierbei, dass die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit erhöht, was im Idealfall zu einem immer noch turbulenten Strömungsverhalten und damit zu einem verbesserten Wärmeabtransport führt. Dies gilt ebenfalls für die Umlenkung der Luftströmung zu den Kühlelementen und für die Er- zeugung einer zusätzlichen Luftströmungskomponente. Dies vermindert den Einfluss der Richtung der Luftströmung.Furthermore, there are so-called flow guide devices on the cooling elements for channeling the flowing medium onto the cooling elements. The advantage here is that the flow speed increases, which ideally leads to a still turbulent flow behavior and thus to an improved heat dissipation. This also applies to the redirection of the air flow to the cooling elements and for the generation of an additional air flow component. This reduces the influence of the direction of the air flow.
Die Strömungsleiteinrichtung ermöglicht, dass selbst bei einem Plattenkühlkörper oder einem Radiator bei Windrichtung quer zur Platte durch Umlenkung der horizontalen Luftströmung eine effektive vertikale Beblasung erreicht wird. Die Strömungsleiteinrichtungen bewirken eine Verbesserung der Umströmung der Kühlanlage mit dem Luftstrom unabhängig von der Windrichtung. Die Strömungsleiteinrichtung ist in diesen Ausführungsbeispielen so gestaltet, dass eine zusätzliche Luftströmung erreicht wird ohne dass bei Anliegen einer anderen Windrichtung, die Strömung durch Teile der Leiteinrichtung behindert wird.The flow-guiding device enables an effective vertical blowing to be achieved even with a plate heat sink or a radiator when the wind is at right angles to the plate by deflecting the horizontal air flow. The flow guide devices improve the flow of air around the cooling system regardless of the wind direction. In these exemplary embodiments, the flow guide device is designed such that an additional Air flow is achieved without the flow being obstructed by parts of the guide device when there is a different wind direction.
Die Erfindung wird anhand der in der Zeichnung dargestellten Figur näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail with reference to the figure shown in the drawing.
Es zeigenShow it
Fig. 1 schematische Darstellung eines bisherigen Transformators mit angeordneten Kühlelementen;Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a previous transformer with cooling elements arranged.
Fig. 2 Seitenansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Transformators für ein Offshore-Umspannwerk mit Windküh- lung;2 side view of a transformer according to the invention for an offshore substation with wind cooling;
Fig. 3 Seitenansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Transformators für ein Offshore-Umspannwerk mit Wind- und Flüssigkeitskühlung;3 side view of a transformer according to the invention for an offshore substation with wind and liquid cooling;
Fig. 4 Seitenansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Transformators für einen Windpark;Fig. 4 side view of a transformer according to the invention for a wind farm;
Fig. 5 Seitenansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Transforma- tors für einen Windpark mit Strömungsleiteinrichtungen;5 shows a side view of a transformer according to the invention for a wind farm with flow control devices;
Fig. 6 Aufsicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Transformators mit vier Kühlelementen und einer Strömungsleit- einrichtung;6 top view of a transformer according to the invention with four cooling elements and a flow guide device;
Fig. 7 Aufsicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Transformators mit zwei starren und zwei schwenkbaren Kühlelementen sowie zwei Strömungsleiteinrichtung; Fig. 8a, 8b erfindungsgemäße Strömungsleiteinrichtung;7 top view of a transformer according to the invention with two rigid and two pivotable cooling elements and two flow control devices; 8a, 8b flow guide device according to the invention;
Fig. 9 schematische Seitenansichten eines Kühlelementes mit Strömungsleiteinrichtungen und geleiteten Kühlmedium;9 shows schematic side views of a cooling element with flow guiding devices and guided cooling medium;
Fig. 10 schematische Seitenansicht und Aufsicht auf ein erfindungsgemäßes, kreisförmiges Kühlelement mit Luft- und Flüssigkeitskühlung;10 shows a schematic side view and top view of an inventive circular cooling element with air and liquid cooling;
Fig. 11 schematische Darstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Plattform mit relativ zum Transformator höhenversetzten Kühlelementen;11 shows a schematic representation of a platform according to the invention with cooling elements offset in height relative to the transformer;
Fig. 12 schematische Darstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Kühlelements mit innen und außen angeordneten Strömungsleiteinrichtunge . 12 shows a schematic representation of a cooling element according to the invention with flow guide devices arranged inside and outside.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Elektrische Anlage, insbesondere ein Transformator, mit Kühlelementen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kühlele- mente außerhalb der elektrischen Anlage derart angeordnet, dass diese eine größtmögliche Fläche für ein die e- lektrische Anlage umströmendes Medium, insbesondere Luft, bietet .1. Electrical system, in particular a transformer, with cooling elements, characterized in that the cooling elements are arranged outside the electrical system in such a way that it offers the largest possible area for a medium, in particular air, flowing around the electrical system.
2. Elektrische Anlage nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Strömungsleiteinrichtungen eine Fokussierung und Kanalisierung des umströmenden Mediums erzeugen.2. Electrical system according to claim 1, characterized in that flow control devices produce a focusing and channeling of the flowing medium.
3. Elektrische Anlage nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeich- net, dass die elektrische Anlage in der Art gestaltet wird, das diese ihrerseits als Strömungsleiteinrichtung für die Kühlelemente dient.3. Electrical system according to claim 2, characterized in that the electrical system is designed in such a way that it in turn serves as a flow control device for the cooling elements.
4. Elektrische Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, da- durch gekennzeichnet, dass die Gestaltung des Kessels und der Kühlelemente in der Art erfolgt, dass eine nahezu senkrechte Abstrahlung der Kühlelemente gegeneinander vermieden und über nahezu die gesamte Fläche des Kessels und der Kühlelemente die Wärme abgeben wird.4. Electrical system according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the design of the boiler and the cooling elements takes place in such a way that an almost perpendicular radiation of the cooling elements against each other is avoided and over almost the entire surface of the boiler and the cooling elements the heat will give off.
Elektrische Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4 gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass der Kessel so gestaltet wird, dass die Konvektion des Kessels durch Vergrößerung der Wärme abgebende Fläche erhöht ist.Electrical system according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the boiler is designed so that the convection of the boiler is increased by increasing the heat-emitting area.
Elektrische Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5 gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass die Kühlelemente zu einer Kühlanlage zusammengefasst und/oder vom Transformator getrennt aufgestellt sind. Electrical system according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the cooling elements are combined to form a cooling system and / or are set up separately from the transformer.
7. Elektrische Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Oberfläche der elektrischen Anlage so gestaltet ist, dass eine große Querschnittsfläche der elektrischen Anlage in mindestens zwei Richtungen entsteht, wobei insbesondere eine hexagonale Form der elektrischen Anlage bevorzugt wird.7. Electrical system according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the surface of the electrical system is designed such that a large cross-sectional area of the electrical system is formed in at least two directions, with a hexagonal shape of the electrical system being preferred in particular.
8. Elektrische Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kühlelemente schwenkbar sind.8. Electrical system according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the cooling elements are pivotable.
9. Strömungsleiteinrichtung, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens zwei Flächen derart zueinander angeordnet sind, dass ein strömendes Medium umgelenkt und in eine Vorzugsrichtung kanalisiert und fokussiert wird.9. Flow guide device, characterized in that at least two surfaces are arranged relative to one another in such a way that a flowing medium is deflected and channeled and focused in a preferred direction.
10. Strömungsleiteinrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Flächen zusammensteckbar sind.10. Flow guide device according to claim 9, characterized in that the surfaces can be plugged together.
11. Strömungsleiteinrichtung nach Anspruch 9 oder 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Flächen unterschiedliche Profile aufweisen. 11. Flow guide device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the surfaces have different profiles.
EP05752462A 2004-06-18 2005-05-13 System for cooling components of wind power stations Withdrawn EP1756842A2 (en)

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PCT/DE2005/000919 WO2005124799A2 (en) 2004-06-18 2005-05-13 System for cooling components of wind power stations

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WO2005124799A2 (en) 2005-12-29
US7443273B2 (en) 2008-10-28
US20070229205A1 (en) 2007-10-04
WO2005124799A3 (en) 2006-06-01
CN101006532A (en) 2007-07-25

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