EP1740517A1 - Element moule servant de fertilisant et procede de production associe - Google Patents

Element moule servant de fertilisant et procede de production associe

Info

Publication number
EP1740517A1
EP1740517A1 EP05736246A EP05736246A EP1740517A1 EP 1740517 A1 EP1740517 A1 EP 1740517A1 EP 05736246 A EP05736246 A EP 05736246A EP 05736246 A EP05736246 A EP 05736246A EP 1740517 A1 EP1740517 A1 EP 1740517A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weight
compost
shaped body
residual moisture
mixed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05736246A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Karl Schmid
Erhard Tschirner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hebio Naturduenger GmbH
Original Assignee
Hebio Naturduenger GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE102004057841A external-priority patent/DE102004057841A1/de
Application filed by Hebio Naturduenger GmbH filed Critical Hebio Naturduenger GmbH
Publication of EP1740517A1 publication Critical patent/EP1740517A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F1/00—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof
    • C05F1/005—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof from meat-wastes or from other wastes of animal origin, e.g. skins, hair, hoofs, feathers, blood
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/40—Fertilisers incorporated into a matrix
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/141—Feedstock
    • Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a shaped body for fertilization, which contains organic substances in addition to mineral fertilizers.
  • the invention further relates to a method for producing such a shaped body.
  • Fertilizers are organic and inorganic substances that are added to the soil to improve plant growth or increase yield.
  • Purely organic fertilizers come, for example, from composting plants, from the manure of cattle farms, cleaned sewage sludge or from liquid phases from anaerobic biogas plants.
  • DE 38 29 938 A1 proposes one consisting of a stabilized compost in which the readily biodegradable constituents are aerobically degraded, and mineral additives and to mix biodegradable organic crosslinking agents press, heat and finally cool.
  • the goal is a storable fertilizer that should be pellet-shaped, for example.
  • DE 39 02 848 A1 proposes a shaped body which contains all the nutrients, active ingredients, plant treatment agents and auxiliaries necessary for optimal nutrition of plant crops, the particles of which are agglomerated via bridges of matter.
  • the molded body should contain synthetic resin coatings or binders such as glue, epoxies or polyurethane.
  • the fertilizer consists of a mixture of a compost and a mineral or organic fertilizer. This mixture is processed into pellets or granules, which are then to be cooled and / or dried, the compost proportion of the fertilizer between 30% and 70% and the proportion of mineral or organic fertilizer around 40% to 60% less than the fertilizer requirement per Hectares of the plant to be fertilized.
  • the compost should consist of animal raw materials, in particular manure, liquid manure or manure or compost from green waste, such as grass clippings, leaves, small wood and separately collected organic parts of the household waste, the part of the organic fertilizer used from organic fertilizers such as guano, paper flour or horn meal and finally the mineral fertilizer made from calcium ammonium salt, superphosphate or grain potash. With such a mixture, a reduction in mineral or organic fertilizers is to be achieved during the fertilization process.
  • a fine, mineral mineral fertilizer should have a moist, natural, organic material with fertilizing and / or soil-improving properties added in an amount of 20 to 70% by weight and mixed with the mineral fertilizer, after which the mixture is agglomerated into pellets by extrusion becomes.
  • an organic material Slurry solids, manure, peat and / or compost and mature compost with a usual water content between 30 and 40% by weight are proposed.
  • a molded body for fertilization according to claim 1 which is characterized by a core-shell structure in which the shell of the molded body is at most 1 mm thick and a residual moisture content of ⁇ 17% by weight, preferably 10 to 17% by weight, has, whereas the residual moisture in the core is 20 to 25% by weight.
  • the moldings according to the invention have a higher residual moisture in the core than in the casing.
  • the fertilized shaped bodies are well storable and scatterable on the one hand and others On the one hand, due to their core-shell structure, they are suitable for dispensing the active substances contained in the core over a long period of time.
  • the residual moisture in the casing is preferably between 12 and 14% by weight, the thickness of which is between 0.1 mm and 0.7 mm, in particular approximately 0.5 mm.
  • the present invention also includes those shaped articles whose shells also contain additional materials which improve the material adhesion and which have preferably been added by spraying during processing. In particular, these can be organic crosslinking agents that are readily biodegradable.
  • the shaped body has a composition in which fertilizers containing a maximum of 50% by weight of mineral or organic nitrogen, phosphates and potassium oxide are formed with a compost residue to form a body which is homogeneous in chemical composition.
  • the residual compost composition in the preliminary product before the rotting preferably consists of 10 to 20% by weight of cellulose, wood, green waste such as grass and / or leaves and / or straw and 80 to 90% by weight of cattle, pork or poultry manure and / or one an anaerobic fermentation liquid phase.
  • the nitrogen-containing substrate is at least partially, possibly also exclusively, feather meal and / or horn shavings.
  • the above-described molded body is preferably produced by the method according to claim 7, in which a uniform compost obtained by aerobic rotting or a mixed compost originating from different processes is mixed with vegetable nutrients, then pelletized and subjected to a final dry treatment until in a penetration depth of maximum 1 mm sets a residual moisture ⁇ 17% by weight, preferably ⁇ 14% by weight.
  • Developments of this method are described in claims 8 ff.
  • the compost products obtained from this are then mixed with plant nutrients, pelletized and subjected to a drying treatment until a residual moisture of ⁇ 17% by weight has been established with a maximum penetration depth of 1 mm.
  • the plant nutrients essentially consist of bound nitrogen, phosphates and potassium oxides, in particular feather meal can be added as a nitrogen supplier in the required quantities. If a mixture of (liquid) liquid manure and the solids mentioned is assumed in a preliminary process, these are mixed, comminuted and, before the anaerobic rotting, formed into roll granules with a maximum diameter of 80 mm, preferably with an average of 40 mm.
  • the rotting is maintained until an initial C / N ratio of (40 to 60): 1 is minimized to (10 to 15): 1 of this ratio.
  • an organic crosslinking agent can be sprayed onto the already formed pellets before the final drying treatment.
  • the pellets as shaped bodies are dried by direct heating of the pelletizing matrices during extrusion and / or by subsequent drying, preferably fluidized bed drying, in the layers near the surface. Fluidized bed drying can also be used for granular shaped articles with an essentially spherical cross section.
  • the particular advantage of the moldings according to the invention and of the process is that the fertilizer can be dispensed in a metered manner over a relatively long period of time, so that entry of the nitrogen and the phosphates into the groundwater, in particular, with the known harmful side effects is avoided. Due to the depot effect, the number of fertilizing processes down to “one-time fertilization” can be minimized. Nevertheless, when using the shaped body according to the invention, fertilizers can be saved with the same crop yields as with conventional fertilizers, but with reduced environmental pollution.
  • the shaped body itself can be used both according to the available ones Out- gear materials or also be optimized with regard to the desired composition for use.
  • the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium components can be added specifically to the required fertilizer contents and effects.
  • the manure from the cattle farms can be used as part of an anaerobic treatment for biogas production, after which the liquid processing product is mixed with a 10 to 20% by weight proportion of straw, cellulose, green waste, etc. and deformed into roll granules with an average diameter of 40 mm , If one piles up these roll granules for rent, a high-quality organic compost is created with a rotting time of 2 to 3 weeks, which then mixes with the minerals or other organic fertilizers, blended and into pellets with a diameter of 3 to 12 mm and lengths can be processed from 3 to 30 mm.
  • the pelletizing matrices (or extrusion channels) of which are heated so that they give off heat to the layers of the extrusion material near the surface during extrusion.
  • the pellets have been dimensionally stabilized by irreversible self-adhesion of the organic polymer compounds on the surface.
  • the screen screw press which is preferably arranged horizontally, is arranged at a certain height above a collecting container, so that the pellet strands break off to shorter lengths of 10 to 20 mm as a result of the impact.
  • 1 is a perspective view of a pellet-shaped body
  • Fig. 3 shows the flow diagram of a manufacturing process.
  • the pellet body 10 shown in FIG. 1 has an essentially cylindrical shape with a diameter of 2 to 5 mm and a length of 15 mm.
  • the moldings according to the invention do not have to be round, depending on the design of the extrusion matrix, any non-circular cross sections, of which a cross section 11 is shown by way of example in FIG. 2, can be produced.
  • the shaped bodies according to the invention can also have spherical or rotationally ellipsoidal or other shapes which can then be produced by granulation processes with subsequent drying of the surface skin.
  • Essential to all granules is the core-shell structure, in which an outer shell with a maximum thickness of 1 mm has a residual moisture content ⁇ 12% by weight and the core mass has a significantly higher residual moisture content of 20 to 25% by weight.
  • cattle, pork or poultry manure 12 and / or the liquid fermentation product from a biogas plant in a proportion of 70 to 90% by weight, preferably 85% by weight, with an organic dry substance 13 , the z. B made of cellulose, wood, grass, leaves and preferably all types of straw in an amount of 10 to 20% by weight, preferably 15% by weight.
  • the ground dry material 13 should have a sufficiently large grain spectrum, consisting of needles and / or dust, in order to be able to form the liquid and the solid in a granulating drum into roll granules of 10 to 80 mm in diameter, in the main class 40 mm in diameter.
  • these roll granules 14 have sufficient stability, ie green strength, to be able to stack them in a pile 15 at a height of 2 to 4 m without their shape being lost. Due to the substantially spherical shape of the agglomerates, air can flow through the heap 15 to a sufficient extent, so that an aerobic rot is formed, the end product of which is a compost of high quality, the C / N ratio of which varies from initial values between 40 and 60 : 1 changed from 15 to 10: 1.
  • the compost obtained in this way or a compost from conventional composting plants is mixed with plant nutrients, which are referred to below as NPK fertilizer 16, in such a way that, based on the application, a product with the desired effects (after pelleting) can be produced.
  • the fertilizers containing nitrogen, phosphates and potash can be pure mineral substances or also organic substances or minerals enriched with organic substances.
  • an additional skin former can be added to the mixture in an amount of 1 to 3% by weight, which produces the "adhesive effects" desired for thermal skin formation.
  • the mixture 17 is then pelletized by passing it through a horizontal screen screw press with extrusion channels.
  • This press 18 has heated pellet matrices, so that the layers near the surface of the pellets produced are heated, which at the same time reduces their moisture to values below 14% by weight.
  • the pellets are then subjected to a fluidized bed drying 19, in the course of which the casing with a thickness of 0.5 mm receives a residual moisture between 12 and 14% by weight, whereas the core in the middle of this casing has a residual moisture of 20 to 25% by weight.
  • a corn fertilizer for conventional agriculture which, based on 1,000 kg of 100 kg of nitrogen, 20 kg of P 2 O 5 and 30 kg of K 2 O, should contain 535 kg of compost 15 and 465 kg of NPK fertilizer 16, commercially available nitrogen, phosphate and potash fertilizers are used.
  • the substances that can be used in the shaped body for fertilization also include organic mineral raw materials and residues of animal or vegetable origin and their components such as proteins, peptides, saccharides, starch, cellulose and hemicellulose and fats. Of course, it is also possible to introduce other mineral trace elements that promote plant growth. Fertilizer additives that minimize putrefaction or pests are also included in the additives. By individually compiling the fertilizer additives, a sustainable improvement of the humus supply and thus the physical properties of the soil as well as the water absorption and ventilation can be created. Plant damage caused by drought and waterlogging can also be reduced.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé pour fabriquer un élément moulé servant d'engrais et contenant des substances organiques en plus de substances fertilisantes minérales. Cet élément moulé a une structure à noyau et enveloppe, laquelle présente une épaisseur maximale de 1 mm, y compris une membrane et/ou une structure en réseau de l'élément moulé, et une humidité résiduelle = 17 % en poids, l'humidité résiduelle du noyau étant de 20 à 25 % en poids. La fabrication dudit élément moulé consiste à mélanger un compost homogène obtenu par décomposition aérobie ou un composte mélangé résultant de différents process avec des nutriments végétaux, à agglomérer ce mélange en boulettes et à les sécher jusqu'à obtention de l'humidité résiduelle susmentionnée à une profondeur maximale de 1 mm.
EP05736246A 2004-04-19 2005-03-30 Element moule servant de fertilisant et procede de production associe Withdrawn EP1740517A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004018864 2004-04-19
DE102004018866 2004-04-19
DE102004057841A DE102004057841A1 (de) 2004-12-01 2004-12-01 Formkörper zum Düngen und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
PCT/DE2005/000557 WO2005102965A1 (fr) 2004-04-19 2005-03-30 Element moule servant de fertilisant et procede de production associe

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1740517A1 true EP1740517A1 (fr) 2007-01-10

Family

ID=34965868

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05736246A Withdrawn EP1740517A1 (fr) 2004-04-19 2005-03-30 Element moule servant de fertilisant et procede de production associe

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1740517A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005102965A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007143826A1 (fr) 2006-06-13 2007-12-21 Maxeco Organo-Mineral (Canada) Inc. Amendement organo-minéral pour le sol
DE102006051010A1 (de) * 2006-10-26 2008-05-08 Wehling Anlagen Und Maschinenbau Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung von Strukturkörpern aus organischen und mineralischen Düngerkomponenten und Strukturkörper dazu
CN105175087A (zh) * 2015-06-29 2015-12-23 安徽新天地生物肥业有限公司 一种生物炭缓释玉米专用基肥及其制备方法
CN105036902A (zh) * 2015-06-29 2015-11-11 安徽新天地生物肥业有限公司 一种生物炭缓释钾肥及其制备方法
CN105175086A (zh) * 2015-06-29 2015-12-23 安徽新天地生物肥业有限公司 一种富硒长效水稻专用缓释肥及其制备方法
CN105175088A (zh) * 2015-06-29 2015-12-23 安徽新天地生物肥业有限公司 一种生物炭缓释磷肥及其制备方法
CN105175174A (zh) * 2015-06-29 2015-12-23 安徽新天地生物肥业有限公司 一种生物炭缓释小麦专用基肥及其制备方法
CN107200615A (zh) * 2016-03-16 2017-09-26 广东龙能生态科技有限公司 一种中草药氨基酸液碳肥的应用
DE202017104986U1 (de) * 2017-08-18 2018-11-21 Lmengineering Gmbh Langzeitdüngemittel sowie eine Vorrichtung zu dessen Herstellung
CN107827668A (zh) * 2017-11-29 2018-03-23 重庆市永川区天堂化工厂 废菜发酵化肥
CN109134078A (zh) * 2018-09-21 2019-01-04 兴安盟博川农业科技有限公司 一种多功能型抗倒伏有机肥的制备方法

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GB496077A (en) * 1936-08-04 1938-11-24 Kai Petersen A granular or pulverulent biological composite fertiliser
DE3446520A1 (de) * 1984-12-20 1986-07-03 Schröder, Herbert, 5431 Ebernhahn Verfahren zur herstellung eines duengemittels in form eines granulates aus organischen rohstoffen sowie anlage zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
JPH01208385A (ja) * 1987-10-30 1989-08-22 Hamada Seisakusho:Kk 水産加工廃棄物等による有機質肥料の製造方法
NZ511606A (en) * 2001-05-09 2002-11-26 Summit Quinphos Nz Ltd Fertiliser compositions comprising urea granules coated with wet ground sulphur

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2005102965A1 (fr) 2005-11-03

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