EP1733995B1 - Loading vehicle - Google Patents

Loading vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1733995B1
EP1733995B1 EP20060006813 EP06006813A EP1733995B1 EP 1733995 B1 EP1733995 B1 EP 1733995B1 EP 20060006813 EP20060006813 EP 20060006813 EP 06006813 A EP06006813 A EP 06006813A EP 1733995 B1 EP1733995 B1 EP 1733995B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drive
loading vehicle
lifting arm
length
arm according
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EP20060006813
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1733995A1 (en
Inventor
Michael Rüther
Manfred Mack
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Kramer Werke GmbH
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Kramer Werke GmbH
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Publication of EP1733995A1 publication Critical patent/EP1733995A1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/283—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a single arm pivoted directly on the chassis
    • E02F3/286—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a single arm pivoted directly on the chassis telescopic or slidable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B66F9/065—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks non-masted
    • B66F9/0655—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks non-masted with a telescopic boom

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a loading vehicle with at least one variable-length lifting arm according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the loading vehicle embodied as a so-called telescopic loader comprises a drive motor positioned transversely to the longitudinal direction of the loading vehicle, which is assigned to a support frame pointing in the longitudinal direction of the decoy vehicle in an area opposite the driver's cab.
  • the output shaft of the drive motor extends over this longitudinal beam structure into the driver's cab-side area and takes the end a hydraulic pump, which is connected via a line system with a built-in drive train of the front and rear landing gear hydraulic motor.
  • the hydraulic motor is designed so that it drives both the front suspension forming front axle and the rear suspension forming the rear axle and is encapsulated by the side rail for protection against ground contact.
  • the installation position of the drive motor extends transversely to the longitudinal direction of the loading vehicle, wherein the drive motor and the associated hydraulic pump form a drive unit and the spatial extent of the drive unit ends in a drive-side area in front of the driveline of the trolleys and that the drive motor transversely is received to the longitudinal direction of the Verladehuss and the central transmission in the longitudinal direction of the loading vehicle of the support structure and the drive motor and the central gear via at least one hydraulic drive are interconnected.
  • the drive motor and the central gear can be optimally fitted into the existing clearances on the loading vehicle, without this affecting the geometry of the other organs of the Verladehuss.
  • a favorable center of gravity of the loading vehicle is achieved when the support structure has at least one longitudinal member comprises and the central gear and the drive motor are arranged substantially below the longitudinal member.
  • a structurally simple implementation of the hydraulic drive is achieved in that the hydraulic drive comprises a drive motor associated hydraulic pump and a central gear associated hydraulic motor and wherein the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic motor are connected to each other via a conduit system.
  • a high flexibility in the arrangement of the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic motor also results when the line system is formed by hose lines.
  • the compactness of the drive train can also be further increased if the drive motor comprises at least one output shaft and the hydraulic pump is received and driven by the output shaft of the drive motor.
  • the compactness of the drive train also further increases in that the hydraulic motor comprises at least one drive connection and the drive connection of the hydraulic motor is seated on an input shaft of the central transmission and drives it.
  • the central transmission can be designed so that it comprises at least a first and a second output shaft and wherein the first output shaft drives a partial drive train for the front axle and the further output shaft a partial drive train for the rear axle.
  • the partial drive trains can form a drive train which allow in a proven and known manner a mechanical and / or hydraulic energy transfer to the landing gear.
  • sub-drive strands each comprise at least one propeller shaft.
  • the position and compactness of the central transmission can also be in an advantageous development of the invention even steigem, when the input shaft and the one or more output shafts of the central transmission are arranged offset from each other transversely to the longitudinal direction of the Verladehuss. In this way, the central transmission can be at least partially integrated directly into the drive train of the trolleys.
  • this can be at least partially encapsulated by the longitudinal member of the support structure in an advantageous development of the invention.
  • a flat construction of the drive system of the loading vehicle and thus a low center of gravity results in an advantageous embodiment of the invention, when the drive motor and the associated hydraulic pump form a drive unit and the spatial extension of the drive unit ends in a drive-side area in front of the drive train of the chassis.
  • the drive structure according to the invention can be used in telescopic loaders, forklifts and wheel loaders.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically designed as a telescopic loader 2 Verladehus 1.
  • Verladehus 1 embodied as a support frame 3 supporting structure 4 in a central position to a telescopic lifting arm 5, the front side a known tool adapter 6 is assigned.
  • the lifting arm 5 is pivotally mounted in its rear region of at least one arranged in support flanges 7 transverse to the direction FR pivot axis 8 and wherein the realization of the pivoting movement of the lifting arm 5 below one or more lifting cylinders 9 are assigned to the pivoting of the lifting arm by pressurization or pressure relief 5 allow about said pivot axis 8.
  • the telescopic extension and retraction of the lifting arm 5 is realized in a known per se and therefore not shown manner by means of further lifting cylinder.
  • the telescopic lifting arm 5 divides the loading vehicle 1 into a cabin-like area 10 in which the driver's cab 11 is assigned to the supporting frame 3 and a drive-side area 12 in which the drive motor 13 is received by the supporting frame 3.
  • the support frame 3 takes in a conventional manner a front landing gear 14 formed by a front landing gear 15 and a rear axle 16 formed by a rear landing gear 17.
  • the support structure 4 comprises a longitudinal member 19 which extends in the longitudinal direction 18 of the loading vehicle 1 and to which the front chassis 15 and the rear chassis 17 are fastened.
  • both the front axle 14 and the rear axle 16 each receive a so-called differential gear 20, 21, which is executed either unlockable or rigid is to drive the wheels 22.
  • Each of the differential gear 20, 21 is coupled in accordance with the invention via mechanical sub-drive trains 23, 24 with a central gear 25.
  • the partial drive cords 23, 24 can be designed as propeller shafts 26, 27 known per se. It is within the scope of the invention that the partial drive trains 23, 24 may also comprise hydraulic components for transmitting the drive energy.
  • the central gear 25 has in the illustrated embodiment, two in the vehicle longitudinal direction 18 facing output shafts 28, 29 which are drivingly connected to the respective propeller shaft 26, 27.
  • the central transmission 25 is also integrated into the support structure 4 such that its output-side region 30 is essentially integrated in the drive train 31 of the running gear 15, 17 formed by the partial drive trains 23, 24.
  • the drive-side region 32 of the central transmission 25 comprises at least one input shaft 33 which is likewise aligned in the vehicle longitudinal direction 18. This results in an arrangement in which the input and output shafts 28, 29, 33 point in the vehicle longitudinal direction 18 and are mutually offset transversely to the vehicle longitudinal direction 18 for the central transmission 25.
  • a hydraulic motor 34 is mounted to drive the central gear 25.
  • the hydraulic motor 34 is flanged to the central gear 25 via screw connections.
  • the central gear 25 is fixed in the cabin-side region 10 at least partially below the driver's cab 11 and near the front axle 14 on the support structure 4.
  • the drive train 31 and the central transmission 25 are at least partially encapsulated by the longitudinal member 19 of the support frame 3. It is within the scope of the invention that the drive train 31 and the central gear 25 can also be completely encased by the longitudinal member 19. In this case, almost no contamination and collision-related wear occurs.
  • the support structure 4 also receives the drive motor 13, which in the illustrated embodiment via a support frame 35 on the Side member 19 of the support frame 3 is supported.
  • the drive motor 13 assumes a nearly central position between the trolleys 15, 17 of the telehandler 2.
  • it is arranged offset in the longitudinal direction 18 of the telescopic loader 2 to the central gear 25 in the drive-side region 12 of the telescopic loader 2. In this way, the central gear 25 and the drive motor 13 to the drive train 31 of the chassis 15, 17 are mutually associated.
  • the drive units 25, 13 can be arranged close to the longitudinal member 19 of the support frame 3, so that there is a nearly central position of the center of gravity SP between the chassis 15, 17 and thus a great driving stability.
  • the installation position of the drive motor 13 extends transversely to the longitudinal direction 18 of the telescopic loader 2, so that the output shaft 36 points in the direction of the drive train 31 of the trolleys 15,17.
  • the output shaft 36 of the drive motor 13 receives in accordance with the invention a hydraulic pump 37, which is flanged on the drive motor 13 by means of screw connections and driven by the drive motor 13 via the output shaft 36 and the hydraulic pump 37 associated drive port 40.
  • the hydraulic pump 37 of the drive motor 13 and the hydraulic motor 34 of the central gear 25 are connected to each other via a line system 38 for transmitting the hydraulic medium.
  • the line system 38 advantageously consists of hose lines 39.
  • the drive units 13, 25, 34, 37 are arranged below the longitudinal member 19.
  • the drive unit 41 formed by the drive motor 13 and the associated hydraulic pump 37 is arranged in the drive-side area 12 such that the drive unit 41 does not extend into the area of the drive train 31 of the running gears 15, 17. In this way, results in a flat construction of the entire drive structure of the loading vehicle.
  • the invention is not limited to a loader 1 designed as a telescopic loader 2, but can also, for example, on so-called forklifts or can be used arbitrarily designed wheel loaders to achieve the effects of the invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Motor Power Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verladefahrzeug mit zumindest einem längenveränderlichen Hubarm nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a loading vehicle with at least one variable-length lifting arm according to the preamble of claim 1.

Derartige Verladefahrzeuge sind unter anderem aus der GB 2161784 bekannt geworden. Das als sogenannter Teleskoplader ausgeführte Verladefahrzeug umfasst einen quer zur Längsrichtung des Verladefahrzeugs positionierten Antriebsmotor, der in einem der Fahrerkabine gegenüberliegenden Bereich einem in Längsrichtung des Verfadefahrzeugs weisenden Tragrahmen zugeordnet ist, Die Abtriebswelle des Antriebsmotors erstreckt sich über diese Längsträgerstruktur hinweg in den fahrerkabinenseitigen Bereich und nimmt endseitig eine Hydraulikpumpe auf, die Über ein Leitungssystem mit einem in den Antriebsstrang des Front- und Heckfahrwerks integrierten Hydraulikmotor verbunden ist. Der Hydraulikmotor ist dabei so ausgeführt, dass er sowohl die das Frontfahrwerk bildende Frontachse als auch die das Heckfahrwerk bildende Hinterachse antreibt und von dem Längsträger zum Schutz vor Bodenkontakt gekapselt ist. Derartige Ausführungen haben insbesondere die Nachteile, dass einerseits die sich kreuzenden Antriebsstränge einen erheblichen Bauraumbedarf erfordern, der die Bodenfreiheit sowie eine optimale Schwerpunktlage erheblich beeinträchtigt und andererseits der geringe Abstand der in vertikaler Richtung näher am Boden angeordneten Getrieb-Hydraulikmotoreinheit nur eine begrenzte Größe und damit begrenzte Antriebsleistungen zulässt.Such Verladefahrzeuge are among others from the GB 2161784 known. The loading vehicle embodied as a so-called telescopic loader comprises a drive motor positioned transversely to the longitudinal direction of the loading vehicle, which is assigned to a support frame pointing in the longitudinal direction of the decoy vehicle in an area opposite the driver's cab. The output shaft of the drive motor extends over this longitudinal beam structure into the driver's cab-side area and takes the end a hydraulic pump, which is connected via a line system with a built-in drive train of the front and rear landing gear hydraulic motor. The hydraulic motor is designed so that it drives both the front suspension forming front axle and the rear suspension forming the rear axle and is encapsulated by the side rail for protection against ground contact. Such embodiments have in particular the disadvantages that on the one hand the intersecting drive trains require considerable space requirements, the ground clearance and an optimal center of gravity significantly affected and on the other hand, the small distance of the vertical closer to the ground arranged gear hydraulic motor unit only a limited size and thus limited Drive power permits.

Zur Realisierung einer kompakten Bauweise ist es zudem gemäß der US 2001/014277 , US-A-S687809 oder EP 0 949 187 bekannt, eine Motor Getriebe-Einheit oberhalb von die Fahrwerke miteinander Verbindenden Gelenkwellen anzuordnen. Indem hier eine Vielzahl von Gelenkwellen zur Energieübertragung eingesetzt werden, kann zumindest eine bessere Ausnutzung des vorhandenen Bauraumes zur Integration der Antriebseinheit erreicht werden. Nachteilig bei derartigen Ausführungen ist jedoch, dass wegen der Vielzahl von eingesetzten Gelenkwellen eine sehr aufwendige und damit auch kostenintensiven Energieübertragung zwischen Vorder- und Hinterachse realisiert wird, die zudem noch wegen der fehlenden Kapselung starkem Verschleiß aufgrund von Verschmutzung oder Bodenkontakt ausgesetzt sind.To realize a compact design, it is also according to the US 2001/014277 . US-A-S687809 or EP 0 949 187 known to arrange a motor gear unit above the trolleys interconnecting drive shafts. By here a plurality of propeller shafts are used for energy transmission, at least a better utilization of the available space for integration of the drive unit can be achieved become. A disadvantage of such embodiments, however, is that because of the large number of propeller shafts used a very complex and therefore costly energy transfer between the front and rear axle is realized, which are also still exposed because of the lack of encapsulation heavy wear due to contamination or ground contact.

Aus der Druckschrift Schuler M: "Der Telehandler - Die multifunktionelle Arbeitsmaschine für Land-Bau-Lagerwirtschaft" O + P Olhydraulik und Pneumatik, Vereinigte Fachverlage, Mainz, DE, Bd. 45, Nr. 5, März 2001 (2001-03), Seiten 347-350 , ist zudem bereits ein Fahrantrieb bekannt, worin eine in Längsrichtung angeordnete Baueinheit vorgesehen ist, die aus Motor und Hydraulikpumpe besteht. Hierbei ist die Schwerpunktlage außermittig verschoben in Richtung zur Hinterachse.From the publication Schuler M: "The Telehandler - The Multifunctional Working Machine for Land-Construction Warehouse Management" O + P Olhydraulik und Pneumatik, Vereinigte Fachverlage, Mainz, DE, Vol. 45, No. 5, March 2001 (2001-03), pages 347- 350 , In addition, a traction drive is already known, wherein a longitudinally arranged unit is provided which consists of motor and hydraulic pump. Here, the center of gravity is off-center shifted towards the rear axle.

Es ist deshalb Aufgabe der Erfindung, einen kompakten, eine optimale Schwerpunktlage des verladefahrzeugs ermöglichenden und hohe Antriebsleistung übertragenden Antriebsstrang vorzuschlagen.It is therefore an object of the invention to propose a compact, an optimal center of gravity position of the loading vehicle enabling and high drive power transmitting powertrain.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by the features of claim 1.

Gemäß der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass sich die Einbaulage des Antriebsmotors quer zur Längsrichtung des Verladefahrzeugs erstreckt, wobei der Antriebsmotor und die zugeordnete Hydraulikpumpe eine Antriebseinheit bilden und die räumliche Ausdehnung der Antriebseinheit in einem antriebsseitigen Bereich vor dem Antriebsstrang der Fahrwerke endet und dass der Antriebsmotor quer zur Längsrichtung des Verladefahrzeugs und das Zentralgetriebe in Längsrichtung des verladefahrzeugs von der Tragstruktur aufgenommen wird und der Antriebsmotor und das Zentralgetriebe über zumindest einen hydraulischen Antrieb miteinander verbunden sind.According to the invention, it is provided that the installation position of the drive motor extends transversely to the longitudinal direction of the loading vehicle, wherein the drive motor and the associated hydraulic pump form a drive unit and the spatial extent of the drive unit ends in a drive-side area in front of the driveline of the trolleys and that the drive motor transversely is received to the longitudinal direction of the Verladefahrzeugs and the central transmission in the longitudinal direction of the loading vehicle of the support structure and the drive motor and the central gear via at least one hydraulic drive are interconnected.

Auf diese Weise können der Antriebsmotor und das Zentralgetriebe optimal in die vorhandenen Freiräume an dem Verladefahrzeug eingepasst werden, ohne dass dies die Geometrie der übrigen Organe des Verladefahrzeugs beeinflusst.In this way, the drive motor and the central gear can be optimally fitted into the existing clearances on the loading vehicle, without this affecting the geometry of the other organs of the Verladefahrzeugs.

In einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung wird eine günstige Schwerpunktlage des Verladefahrzeugs dann erreicht, wenn die Tragstruktur zumindest einen Längsträger umfasst und das Zentralgetriebe und der Antriebsmotor im wesentlichen unterhalb des Längsträgers angeordnet sind.In an advantageous development of the invention, a favorable center of gravity of the loading vehicle is achieved when the support structure has at least one longitudinal member comprises and the central gear and the drive motor are arranged substantially below the longitudinal member.

Eine konstruktiv einfache Umsetzung des hydraulischen Antriebs wird dadurch erreicht, dass der hydraulische Antrieb eine dem Antriebsmotor zugeordnete Hydraulikpumpe und einen dem Zentralgetriebe zugeordnete Hydraulikmotor umfasst und wobei die Hydraulikpumpe und der Hydraulikmotor über ein Leitungssystem miteinander verbunden sind. Eine hohe Flexibilität in der Anordnung der Hydraulikpumpe und des Hydraulikmotors ergibt sich zudem dann, wenn das Leitungssystem von Schlauchleitungen gebildet wird.A structurally simple implementation of the hydraulic drive is achieved in that the hydraulic drive comprises a drive motor associated hydraulic pump and a central gear associated hydraulic motor and wherein the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic motor are connected to each other via a conduit system. A high flexibility in the arrangement of the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic motor also results when the line system is formed by hose lines.

In vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung lässt sich die Kompaktheit des Antriebsstranges auch dadurch weiter erhöhen, wenn der Antriebsmotor zumindest eine Abtriebswelle umfasst und die Hydraulikpumpe von der Abtriebswelle des Antriebsmotors aufgenommen und angetrieben wird.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the compactness of the drive train can also be further increased if the drive motor comprises at least one output shaft and the hydraulic pump is received and driven by the output shaft of the drive motor.

In analoger Weise erhöht sich die Kompaktheit des Antriebsstranges auch dadurch weiter, dass der Hydraulikmotor zumindest einen Antriebsstutzen umfasst und der Antriebsstutzen des Hydraulikmotors auf einer Eingangswelle des Zentralgetriebes aufsitzt und diese antreibt.In an analogous manner, the compactness of the drive train also further increases in that the hydraulic motor comprises at least one drive connection and the drive connection of the hydraulic motor is seated on an input shaft of the central transmission and drives it.

Eine optimale Einpassung des Zentralgetriebes in die vorhandenen Strukturen an einem Verladefahrzeug wird in vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung dadurch noch unterstützt, dass dem Zentralgetriebe zumindest eine Eingangswelle und wenigstens eine Abtriebswelle zugeordnet sind und diese in Längsrichtung des Verladefahrzeugs weisen. Auf diese Weise ergibt sich eine extrem schlanke Bauform des Zentralgetriebes.An optimal fit of the central transmission in the existing structures on a loading vehicle is supported in an advantageous embodiment of the invention in that the central gear at least one input shaft and at least one output shaft are assigned and have them in the longitudinal direction of the loading vehicle. This results in an extremely slim design of the central transmission.

In vorteilhafter Weiterbildung der Erfindung kann das Zentralgetriebe so gestaltet sein, dass es zumindest eine erste und eine zweite Abtriebswelle umfasst und wobei die erste Abtriebswelle einen Teilantriebsstrang für die Vorderachse und die weitere Abtriebswelle einen Teilantriebsstrang für die Hinterachse antreibt. Dies hat vor allem den Vorteil, dass das Zentralgetriebe zumindest abtriebsseitig vollständig in den Antriebsstrang der Fahrwerke integriert sein kann.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the central transmission can be designed so that it comprises at least a first and a second output shaft and wherein the first output shaft drives a partial drive train for the front axle and the further output shaft a partial drive train for the rear axle. This is especially true the advantage that the central gear can be fully integrated at least on the output side in the drive train of the chassis.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung können die Teilantriebsstränge eine Antriebsstrang bilden der in bewährter und an sich bekannter Weise eine mechanische und/oder hydraulische Energieübertragung zu den Fahrwerken ermöglichen.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the partial drive trains can form a drive train which allow in a proven and known manner a mechanical and / or hydraulic energy transfer to the landing gear.

Eine kostengünstige und konstruktiv einfache Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ergibt sich dann, wenn die Teilantriebsstränge jeweils zumindest eine Gelenkwelle umfassen.An inexpensive and structurally simple embodiment of the invention results when the sub-drive strands each comprise at least one propeller shaft.

Die Lage und Kompaktheit des Zentralgetriebes lässt sich in vorteilhafter Weiterbildung der Erfindung auch dadurch noch steigem, wenn die Eingangswelle und die eine oder mehreren Abtriebswellen des Zentralgetriebes quer zur Längsrichtung des Verladefahrzeugs zueinander versetzt angeordnet sind. Auf diese Weise kann das Zentralgetriebe wenigstens teilweise unmittelbar in den Antriebsstrang der Fahrwerke integriert werden.The position and compactness of the central transmission can also be in an advantageous development of the invention even steigem, when the input shaft and the one or more output shafts of the central transmission are arranged offset from each other transversely to the longitudinal direction of the Verladefahrzeugs. In this way, the central transmission can be at least partially integrated directly into the drive train of the trolleys.

Zur Reduzierung des durch Verschmutzung und Bodenkontakt auftretenden Verschleißes in dem Antriebsstrang der Fahrwerke kann dieser in vorteilhafter Weiterbildung der Erfindung wenigstens teilweise von dem Längsträger der Tragstruktur gekapselt sein.In order to reduce the wear occurring in the drive train of the running gear due to contamination and contact with the ground, this can be at least partially encapsulated by the longitudinal member of the support structure in an advantageous development of the invention.

Eine flachbauende Ausführung des Antriebssystems des Verladefahrzeugs und damit eine niedrige Schwerpunktlage ergibt sich in vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung dann, wenn der Antriebsmotor und die zugeordnete Hydraulikpumpe eine Antriebseinheit bilden und die räumliche Ausdehnung der Antriebseinheit in einem antriebsseitigen Bereich vor dem Antriebsstrang der Fahrwerke endet.A flat construction of the drive system of the loading vehicle and thus a low center of gravity results in an advantageous embodiment of the invention, when the drive motor and the associated hydraulic pump form a drive unit and the spatial extension of the drive unit ends in a drive-side area in front of the drive train of the chassis.

In vorteilhafter Weiterbildung kann die erfindungsgemäße Antriebsstruktur in Teleskopladern, Gabelstaplern und Radladem zum Einsatz kommen.In an advantageous development, the drive structure according to the invention can be used in telescopic loaders, forklifts and wheel loaders.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind Gegenstand weiterer Unteransprüche und werden nachfolgend an Hand eines in mehreren Figuren dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels beschrieben. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
eine Seitenansicht des erfindungsgemäßen Verladefahrzeugs
Figur 2
eine Ansicht von unten des erfindungsgemäßen Verladefahrzeugs nach Figur 1
Further advantageous embodiments are the subject of further subclaims and are described below with reference to an embodiment shown in several figures. Show it:
FIG. 1
a side view of the Verladefahrzeugs invention
FIG. 2
a bottom view of the Verladefahrzeugs invention FIG. 1

Figur 1 zeigt schematisch das als Teleskoplader 2 ausgeführte Verladefahrzeug 1. In an sich bekannter Weise nimmt die als Tragrahmen 3 ausgeführte Tragstruktur 4 in zentraler Position einen teleskopierbaren Hubarm 5 auf, dem frontseitig ein an sich bekannter Werkzeugadapter 6 zugeordnet ist. Der Hubarm 5 wird in seinem rückwärtigen Bereich von zumindest einer in Stützflanschen 7 quer zur Fahrtrichtung FR angeordneten Schwenkachse 8 schwenkbeweglich gelagert und wobei zur Realisierung der Schwenkbewegung dem Hubarm 5 untenseitig ein oder mehrere Hubzylinder 9 zugeordnet sind, die durch Druckbeaufschlagung oder Druckentlastung das Verschwenken des Hubarms 5 um die besagte Schwenkachse 8 ermöglichen. Das teleskopartige Ein- und Ausfahren des Hubarms 5 wird in an sich bekannter und deshalb nicht näher dargestellter Weise mittels weitere Hubzylinder realisiert. FIG. 1 shows schematically designed as a telescopic loader 2 Verladefahrzeug 1. In a known manner, embodied as a support frame 3 supporting structure 4 in a central position to a telescopic lifting arm 5, the front side a known tool adapter 6 is assigned. The lifting arm 5 is pivotally mounted in its rear region of at least one arranged in support flanges 7 transverse to the direction FR pivot axis 8 and wherein the realization of the pivoting movement of the lifting arm 5 below one or more lifting cylinders 9 are assigned to the pivoting of the lifting arm by pressurization or pressure relief 5 allow about said pivot axis 8. The telescopic extension and retraction of the lifting arm 5 is realized in a known per se and therefore not shown manner by means of further lifting cylinder.

Der teleskopierbare Hubarm 5 unterteilt aufgrund seiner zentralen Anordnung das Verladefahrzeug 1 in einen kabinenseüigen Bereich 10 in dem die Fahrerkabine 11 dem Tragrahmen 3 zugeordnet ist und einen antriebsseitigen Bereich 12 in dem der Antriebsmotor 13 von dem Tragrahmen 3 aufgenommen wird. Zudem nimmt der Tragrahmen 3 in an sich bekannter Weise ein von einer Vorderachse 14 gebildetes Frontfahrwerk 15 und ein von einer Hinterachse 16 gebildetes Heckfahrwerk 17 auf.Due to its central arrangement, the telescopic lifting arm 5 divides the loading vehicle 1 into a cabin-like area 10 in which the driver's cab 11 is assigned to the supporting frame 3 and a drive-side area 12 in which the drive motor 13 is received by the supporting frame 3. In addition, the support frame 3 takes in a conventional manner a front landing gear 14 formed by a front landing gear 15 and a rear axle 16 formed by a rear landing gear 17.

Gemäß Figur 2 umfasst die Tragstruktur 4 einen sich in Längsrichtung 18 des Verladefahrzeugs 1 erstreckenden Längsträger 19 an dem das Frontfahrwerk 15 und das Heckfahrwerk 17 befestigt sind. In dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel nimmt sowohl die Vorderachse 14 als auch die Hinterachse 16 jeweils ein sogenanntes Differentialgetriebe 20, 21 auf, welches entweder entsperrbar oder starr ausgeführt ist, zum Antrieb der Laufräder 22 auf. Jedes der Differentialgetriebe 20, 21 ist in erfindungsgemäßer Weise über mechanische Teilantriebsstränge 23, 24 mit einem Zentralgetriebe 25 gekoppelt. Die Teilantriebsstränge 23, 24 können im einfachsten Fall als an sich bekannte Gelenkwellen 26, 27 ausgeführt sein. Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass die Teilantriebsstränge 23, 24 auch hydraulische Komponenten zur Übertragung der Antriebsenergie umfassen können. Das Zentralgetriebe 25 verfügt im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel über zwei in Fahrzeuglängsrichtung 18 weisende Abtriebswellen, 28, 29 die mit der jeweiligen Gelenkwelle 26, 27 antriebsverbunden sind. Das Zentralgetriebe 25 ist zudem so in die Tragstruktur 4 integriert, dass sein abtriebsseitiger Bereich 30 im wesentlichen in den von den Teilantriebssträngen 23, 24 gebildeten Antriebsstrang 31 der Fahrwerke 15, 17 integriert ist. Der antriebsseitige Bereich 32 des Zentralgetriebes 25 umfasst wenigstens eine Eingangswelle 33 die ebenfalls in Fahrzeuglängsrichtung 18 ausgerichtet ist. Damit ergibt sich für das Zentralgetriebe 25 eine Anordnung bei der die Eingangs- und Ausgangswellen 28, 29, 33 in Fahrzeuglängsrichtung 18 weisen und zueinander quer zur Fahrzeuglängsrichtung 18 versetzt sind.According to FIG. 2 The support structure 4 comprises a longitudinal member 19 which extends in the longitudinal direction 18 of the loading vehicle 1 and to which the front chassis 15 and the rear chassis 17 are fastened. In the illustrated embodiment, both the front axle 14 and the rear axle 16 each receive a so-called differential gear 20, 21, which is executed either unlockable or rigid is to drive the wheels 22. Each of the differential gear 20, 21 is coupled in accordance with the invention via mechanical sub-drive trains 23, 24 with a central gear 25. In the simplest case, the partial drive cords 23, 24 can be designed as propeller shafts 26, 27 known per se. It is within the scope of the invention that the partial drive trains 23, 24 may also comprise hydraulic components for transmitting the drive energy. The central gear 25 has in the illustrated embodiment, two in the vehicle longitudinal direction 18 facing output shafts 28, 29 which are drivingly connected to the respective propeller shaft 26, 27. The central transmission 25 is also integrated into the support structure 4 such that its output-side region 30 is essentially integrated in the drive train 31 of the running gear 15, 17 formed by the partial drive trains 23, 24. The drive-side region 32 of the central transmission 25 comprises at least one input shaft 33 which is likewise aligned in the vehicle longitudinal direction 18. This results in an arrangement in which the input and output shafts 28, 29, 33 point in the vehicle longitudinal direction 18 and are mutually offset transversely to the vehicle longitudinal direction 18 for the central transmission 25.

Auf die Eingangswelle 33 des Zentralgetriebes 25 ist ein Hydraulikmotor 34 zum Antrieb des Zentralgetriebes 25 aufgesetzt. In an sich bekannter und deshalb nicht dargestellter Weise wird der Hydraulikmotor 34 über Schraubverbindungen an das Zentralgetriebe 25 angeflanscht. Zur optimalen Ausnutzung vorhandener Freiräume an dem Verladefahrzeug 1 ist das Zentralgetriebe 25 in dem kabinenseitigen Bereich 10 wenigstens teilweise unterhalb der Fahrerkabine 11 und nahe der Vorderachse 14 an der Tragstruktur 4 fixiert. Zur Reduzierung der Verschmutzung und zur Vermeidung von Bodenkontakt werden der Antriebsstrang 31 sowie das Zentralgetriebe 25 wenigstens teilweise von dem Längsträger 19 des Tragrahmens 3 gekapselt. Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass der Antriebsstrang 31 und das Zentralgetriebe 25 auch vollständig von dem Längsträger 19 ummantelt sein können. In diesem Fall tritt nahezu kein verschmutzungs- und kollisionsbedingte Verschleiß auf.On the input shaft 33 of the central gear 25, a hydraulic motor 34 is mounted to drive the central gear 25. In a manner known per se and therefore not shown, the hydraulic motor 34 is flanged to the central gear 25 via screw connections. For optimal utilization of existing free spaces on the loading vehicle 1, the central gear 25 is fixed in the cabin-side region 10 at least partially below the driver's cab 11 and near the front axle 14 on the support structure 4. To reduce pollution and to avoid contact with the ground, the drive train 31 and the central transmission 25 are at least partially encapsulated by the longitudinal member 19 of the support frame 3. It is within the scope of the invention that the drive train 31 and the central gear 25 can also be completely encased by the longitudinal member 19. In this case, almost no contamination and collision-related wear occurs.

In erfindungsgemäßer Weise nimmt die Tragstruktur 4 zudem den Antriebsmotor 13 auf, der im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel über einen Stützrahmen 35 an dem Längsträger 19 des Tragrahmens 3 abgestützt wird. Der Antriebsmotor 13 nimmt eine nahezu mittige Position zwischen den Fahrwerken 15, 17 des Teleskopladers 2 ein. Zugleich ist er in Längsrichtung 18 des Teleskopladers 2 versetzt zum Zentralgetriebe 25 in dem antriebsseitigen Bereich 12 des Teleskopladers 2 angeordnet. Auf diese Weise sind das Zentralgetriebe 25 und der Antriebsmotor 13 dem Antriebsstrang 31 der Fahrwerke 15, 17 wechselseitig zugeordnet. Dies hat insbesondere den Vorteil, dass die Antriebsaggregate 25, 13 nahe am Längsträger 19 des Tragrahmens 3 angeordnet werden können, sodass sich eine nahezu zentrale Lage des Schwerpunktes SP zwischen den Fahrwerken 15, 17 und damit eine große Fahrstabilität ergibt. Die Einbaulage des Antriebsmotors 13 erstreckt sich quer zur Längsrichtung 18 des Teleskopladers 2, sodass die Abtriebswelle 36 in Richtung des Antriebsstranges 31 der Fahrwerke 15,17 weist. Die Abtriebswelle 36 des Antriebsmotors 13 nimmt in erfindungsgemäßer Weise eine Hydraulikpumpe 37 auf, die einfachstenfalls mittels Schraubverbindungen am Antriebsmotor 13 angeflanscht ist und über die Abtriebswelle 36 und einen der Hydraulikpumpe 37 zugeordneten Antriebsstutzen 40 von dem Antriebsmotor 13 angetrieben wird. Die Hydraulikpumpe 37 des Antriebsmotors 13 und der Hydraulikmotor 34 des Zentralgetriebes 25 sind über ein Leitungssystem 38 zur Übertragung des Hydraulikmediums miteinander verbunden. Zur Erreichung einer hohen Flexibilität bei der Anordnung der verschiedenen Antriebsaggregate 13, 25, 34, 37 besteht das Leitungssystem 38 vorteilhafter Weise aus Schlauchleitungen 39. Zur Ereichung einer niedrigen Lage des Schwerpunktes SP ist es von Vorteil, wenn die Antriebsaggregate 13, 25, 34, 37 unterhalb des Längsträgers 19 angeordnet sind. Unter dem gleichen Gesichtspunkt ist die von dem Antriebsmotor 13 und der zugeordneten Hydraulikpumpe 37 gebildete Antriebseinheit 41 so in dem antriebsseitigen Bereich 12 angeordnet, dass sich die Antriebseinheit 41 nicht in den Bereich des Antriebsstranges 31 der Fahrwerke 15, 17 erstreckt. Auf diese Weise ergibt sich ein flachbauende Ausführung der gesamten Antriebsstruktur des Verladefahrzeugs.In accordance with the invention, the support structure 4 also receives the drive motor 13, which in the illustrated embodiment via a support frame 35 on the Side member 19 of the support frame 3 is supported. The drive motor 13 assumes a nearly central position between the trolleys 15, 17 of the telehandler 2. At the same time, it is arranged offset in the longitudinal direction 18 of the telescopic loader 2 to the central gear 25 in the drive-side region 12 of the telescopic loader 2. In this way, the central gear 25 and the drive motor 13 to the drive train 31 of the chassis 15, 17 are mutually associated. This has the particular advantage that the drive units 25, 13 can be arranged close to the longitudinal member 19 of the support frame 3, so that there is a nearly central position of the center of gravity SP between the chassis 15, 17 and thus a great driving stability. The installation position of the drive motor 13 extends transversely to the longitudinal direction 18 of the telescopic loader 2, so that the output shaft 36 points in the direction of the drive train 31 of the trolleys 15,17. The output shaft 36 of the drive motor 13 receives in accordance with the invention a hydraulic pump 37, which is flanged on the drive motor 13 by means of screw connections and driven by the drive motor 13 via the output shaft 36 and the hydraulic pump 37 associated drive port 40. The hydraulic pump 37 of the drive motor 13 and the hydraulic motor 34 of the central gear 25 are connected to each other via a line system 38 for transmitting the hydraulic medium. To achieve a high degree of flexibility in the arrangement of the various drive units 13, 25, 34, 37, the line system 38 advantageously consists of hose lines 39. To achieve a low position of the center of gravity SP, it is advantageous if the drive units 13, 25, 34, 37 are arranged below the longitudinal member 19. From the same viewpoint, the drive unit 41 formed by the drive motor 13 and the associated hydraulic pump 37 is arranged in the drive-side area 12 such that the drive unit 41 does not extend into the area of the drive train 31 of the running gears 15, 17. In this way, results in a flat construction of the entire drive structure of the loading vehicle.

Die Erfindung ist nicht auf ein als Teleskoplader 2 ausgeführtes Verladefahrzeug 1 beschränkt, sondem kann beispielsweise auch an sogenannten Gabelstaplern oder beliebig gestalteten Radladern eingesetzt werden um die erfindungsgemäßen Effekte zu erzielen.The invention is not limited to a loader 1 designed as a telescopic loader 2, but can also, for example, on so-called forklifts or can be used arbitrarily designed wheel loaders to achieve the effects of the invention.

Bezugszeichenliste:LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
VerladefahrzeugVerladefahrzeug
22
TeleskopladerTelehandler
33
Tragrahmensupporting frame
44
Tragstruktursupporting structure
55
Hubarmlifting arm
66
Werkzeugadaptertool adapter
77
Stützflanschsupport flange
88th
Schwenkachseswivel axis
99
Hubzylinderlifting cylinder
1010
kabinenseitiger BereichCabin-side area
1111
Fahrerkabinecab
1212
antriebsseitiger Bereichdrive-side area
1313
Antriebsmotordrive motor
1414
VorderachseFront
1515
Frontfahrwerkfront suspension
1616
Hinterachserear axle
1717
HeckfahrwerkHeckfahrwerk
1818
Längsrichtunglongitudinal direction
1919
Längsträgerlongitudinal beams
2020
Differentialgetriebedifferential gear
2121
Differentialgetriebedifferential gear
2222
Laufräderimpellers
2323
TeilantriebsstrangPart powertrain
2424
TeilantriebsstrangPart powertrain
2525
Zentralgetriebecentral gear
2626
Gelenkwellepropeller shaft
2727
Gelenkwellepropeller shaft
2828
Abtriebswelleoutput shaft
2929
Abtriebswelleoutput shaft
3030
BereichArea
3131
Antriebsstrangpowertrain
3232
BereichArea
3333
Eingangswelleinput shaft
3434
Hydraulikmotorhydraulic motor
3535
Stützrahmensupport frame
3636
Abtriebswelleoutput shaft
3737
Hydraulikpumpehydraulic pump
3838
Leitungssystemline system
3939
Schlauchleitungenhose lines
4040
Antriebsstutzendrive bush
4141
Antriebseinheitdrive unit
FRFR
Fahrtrichtungdirection of travel
SPSP
Schwerpunktmain emphasis

Claims (13)

  1. Loading vehicle (1) comprising at least one length-adjustable lifting arm (5) and wherein the lifting arm is supported pivotably in a support structure (4) by means of at least one lifting cylinder (9) and the support structure has at least one front chassis (15) and at least one rear chassis (17), and wherein the front chassis and the rear chassis are coupled to one another by means of a drive section (31) and the support structure also supports at least one drive motor (13) and at least one central gear (25), wherein the at least one drive motor (13) and the at least one central gear (25) are staggered relative to one another in the longitudinal direction (18) of the loading vehicle (1, 2) and are assigned reciprocally to the drive section (31) of the chassis (15, 17) of the support structure (3, 4), characterised in that the installation position of the drive motor extends perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the loading vehicle, wherein the drive motor (13) and the assigned hydraulic pump (37) form a drive unit (41) and the dimensional extension of the drive unit (41) ends in a drive-side area (12) ahead of the drive section (31) of the chassis (15, 17), and in that the drive motor (13) is mounted perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (18) of the loading vehicle (1, 2) and the central gear (25) is mounted in longitudinal direction (18) of the loading vehicle (1, 2) by the support structure (3, 4) and the drive motor (13) and the central gear (25) are joined together by at least one hydraulic drive (34, 37, 38).
  2. Loading vehicle comprising at least one length-adjustable lifting arm according to claim 1, characterised in that the support structure (3, 4) comprises at least one longitudinal carrier (19) and the central gear (25) and the drive motor (13) are arranged essentially underneath the longitudinal carrier (19).
  3. Loading vehicle comprising at least one length-adjustable lifting arm according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the hydraulic drive (34, 37, 38) comprises a hydraulic pump (37) assigned to the drive motor (13) and a hydraulic motor (34) assigned to the central gear (25) and wherein the hydraulic pump (37) and the hydraulic motor (34) are connected together by means of a line system (38).
  4. Loading vehicle comprising at least one length-adjustable lifting arm according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the line system (38) is formed by hose lines (39).
  5. Loading vehicle comprising at least one length-adjustable lifting arm according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the drive motor (13) comprises at least one drive shaft (36) and the hydraulic pump (37) is mounted and driven by the drive shaft (36) of the drive motor (13)
  6. Loading vehicle comprising at least one length-adjustable lifting arm according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the hydraulic motor (34) comprises at least one drive connection point and the drive connection point of the hydraulic motor (34) is fitted onto an input shaft (33) of the central gear (25) and drives the latter.
  7. Loading vehicle comprising at least one length-adjustable lifting arm according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least one input shaft (33) and at least one drive shaft (28, 29) are assigned to the central gear (25) and the latter point in the longitudinal direction (18) of the loading vehicle (1, 2).
  8. Loading vehicle comprising at least one length-adjustable lifting arm according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least one first and one second drive shaft (28, 29) is assigned to the central gear (25) and wherein the first drive shaft (29) drives a part drive section (24) for the front axle (14) and the other drive shaft (29) drives a part drive section (23) for the rear axle (16).
  9. Loading vehicle comprising at least one length-adjustable lifting arm according to claim 8, characterised in that the part drive sections (23, 24) form a drive section (31) and the drive section (31) enables a mechanical and/or hydraulic transfer of energy.
  10. Loading vehicle comprising at least one length-adjustable lifting arm according to claim 9, characterised in that the part drive sections (23, 24) each comprise at least one articulated shaft (26, 27).
  11. Loading vehicle comprising at least one length-adjustable lifting arm according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the input shaft (33) and the one or more drive shafts (28, 29) of the central gear (25) are arranged offset to one another perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (18) of the loading vehicle (1, 2).
  12. Loading vehicle comprising at least one length-adjustable lifting arm according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the drive section (31) of the chassis (15, 17) formed by the part drive sections (23, 24) is encapsulated at least partly by the longitudinal carrier (19) of the support structure (3, 4).
  13. Loading vehicle comprising at least one length-adjustable lifting arm according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the loading vehicle (1) is configured as a telescopic loader (2), forklift or wheel loader.
EP20060006813 2005-06-15 2006-03-31 Loading vehicle Active EP1733995B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200510027842 DE102005027842A1 (en) 2005-06-15 2005-06-15 Verladefahrzeug

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EP1733995B1 true EP1733995B1 (en) 2012-11-21

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Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007032005A1 (en) 2007-07-09 2009-01-15 Claas Selbstfahrende Erntemaschinen Gmbh Vehicle with hydrostatic drive
CN102296658B (en) * 2011-05-30 2013-07-24 临颍县颍机机械制造有限公司 Agricultural four-drive air-brake rear-steering weed-grasping machine with integral stand
DE102015104761A1 (en) * 2015-03-27 2016-09-29 Claas Selbstfahrende Erntemaschinen Gmbh Hydraulic system with oil venting

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB8418624D0 (en) 1984-07-20 1984-08-22 Mcconnel F W Ltd Handling/working vehicle
FR2713155B1 (en) * 1993-12-01 1996-01-26 Manitou Bf Forklift with telescopic arm.
FR2775246B1 (en) * 1998-02-20 2000-04-07 Manitou Bf AUTOMOTIVE VEHICLE WITH TELESCOPIC CHARGER ARM
GB9807528D0 (en) * 1998-04-09 1998-06-10 Bamford Excavators Ltd Material-handling vehicle
GB9807530D0 (en) 1998-04-09 1998-06-10 Bamford Excavators Ltd Material-handling vehicle
JP2004217111A (en) * 2003-01-16 2004-08-05 Komatsu Ltd Transmission for wheel type working vehicle

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EP1733995A1 (en) 2006-12-20

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