EP1729003A2 - Piston for an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Piston for an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1729003A2
EP1729003A2 EP06010563A EP06010563A EP1729003A2 EP 1729003 A2 EP1729003 A2 EP 1729003A2 EP 06010563 A EP06010563 A EP 06010563A EP 06010563 A EP06010563 A EP 06010563A EP 1729003 A2 EP1729003 A2 EP 1729003A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
zinc sulfide
tio
piston according
graphite
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP06010563A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1729003A3 (en
EP1729003B1 (en
Inventor
Wolfgang Bickle
Frank Dr. Ing. Haupert
Werner Schubert
Gunter Dr. Bürkle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KS Kolbenschmidt GmbH
Original Assignee
KS Kolbenschmidt GmbH
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Publication date
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Application filed by KS Kolbenschmidt GmbH filed Critical KS Kolbenschmidt GmbH
Publication of EP1729003A2 publication Critical patent/EP1729003A2/en
Publication of EP1729003A3 publication Critical patent/EP1729003A3/en
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Publication of EP1729003B1 publication Critical patent/EP1729003B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/10—Pistons  having surface coverings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2201/00—Metals
    • F05C2201/02—Light metals
    • F05C2201/021—Aluminium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2201/00—Metals
    • F05C2201/90—Alloys not otherwise provided for
    • F05C2201/903—Aluminium alloy, e.g. AlCuMgPb F34,37
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2225/00—Synthetic polymers, e.g. plastics; Rubber
    • F05C2225/06—Polyamides, e.g. NYLON
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2253/00—Other material characteristics; Treatment of material
    • F05C2253/12—Coating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a piston for an internal combustion engine, in particular of aluminum alloy
  • the object of the present invention is to improve, in particular, the run-in and the run-flat behavior, in which case the region of mixed friction, where the conditions are regularly critical, should be improved.
  • Mixed friction is understood to be a condition that can be set (temporarily) during start-up or during operation, namely when the sliding partners, ie piston and cylinder surface, are not separated from each other by a continuous lubricating film (hydrodynamic state) are.
  • Wear and tear which reduces the service life of the tribological system of piston and cylinder wall, are particularly significant here.
  • thin inlet or run flat layers but also raises the problem of the connection of the thin surface coating to the ground, which is for the functioning of the piston but of essential importance.
  • a piston which is characterized in that on the piston skirt at least in regions a 5-25 .mu.m, in particular 8-20 .mu.m thick PTFE-free coating layer based on PAI is applied, the 5 - 15 wt .-% Zinc sulfide, 5-15% by weight of graphite or MoS 2 and 5-15% by weight of TiO 2 , and that zinc sulfide and TiO 2 are present in a particle size of ⁇ 0.7 ⁇ m.
  • PAI is readily soluble, for example in NMP (ratio about 1: 1), and so the coating layer applied as a solution, in particular can be sprayed.
  • Zinc sulfide and titanium dioxide are preferably present as very fine particles, since this can achieve a very "dense" homogeneous distribution of these substances in the matrix of PAI. They preferably have a D50 value of particle size between 200 nm and 500 nm.
  • the aforementioned D50 value of the particle size denotes a particle size with respect to the 50% by weight of the respective substance with a comparatively larger particle size and 50% by weight with a particle size In contrast, smaller particle size are present.
  • the lacquer layer comprises an addition of up to 15 wt .-% carbon fibers or aramid fibers.
  • the present invention does not exclude that in addition to PAI may be contained as matrix-forming plastic component of the lacquer layer, one or more other matrix-forming plastics. However, their proportion should not amount to more than 20% by weight, in particular not more than 10% by weight, of the proportion of PAI in the lacquer layer.
  • the matrix is formed to 100% of PAI.
  • the lacquer layer consists of the components specified in claim 1 and optionally the said carbon fibers or aramid fibers.

Abstract

The piston has a piston casing with polytetrafluoroethylene free lacquer section applied based on PAI as slipping coating, where the section has 5 - 25 micrometer (mm) thickness. The PAI has 5 -15 weight percentage of zinc sulfide and 5-15 weight percentage of graphite or molybdenum disulfide and 5-15 weight percentage of titanium di oxide. The zinc sulfide and titanium di oxide exist a particle size of same and greater than 0.7 (mm). The lacquer section has a thickness of about 8 - 20 micrometer, and the piston is made of aluminum alloy.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Kolben für eine Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere aus AluminiumlegierungThe invention relates to a piston for an internal combustion engine, in particular of aluminum alloy

Es ist bereits bekannt, Kolben mit einer reibungsvermindernden Beschichtung zu versehen.It is already known to provide pistons with a friction-reducing coating.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, insbesondere das Einlauf- und das Notlaufverhalten zu verbessern, wobei gerade der Bereich der Mischreibung, wo die Verhältnisse regelmäßig kritisch sind, verbessert werden soll. Unter Mischreibung versteht man einen Zustand, wie er sich beim Anfahren oder im Betrieb (zeitweise) einstellen kann, wenn nämlich die Gleitpartner, also Kolben und Zylinderfläche, nicht durch einen durchgängigen Schmierfilm (hydrodynamischer Zustand) voneinander getrennt sind. Hier kommt es in besonderem Maße zu Verschleiß, welcher die Lebensdauer des tribologischen Systems aus Kolben und Zylinderwandung, reduziert. Gerade bei dünnen Einlauf- oder Notlaufschichten stellt sich aber auch das Problem der Anbindung der dünnen Oberflächenbeschichtung an den Untergrund, was für das Funktionieren des Kolbens aber von essentieller Bedeutung ist.The object of the present invention is to improve, in particular, the run-in and the run-flat behavior, in which case the region of mixed friction, where the conditions are regularly critical, should be improved. Mixed friction is understood to be a condition that can be set (temporarily) during start-up or during operation, namely when the sliding partners, ie piston and cylinder surface, are not separated from each other by a continuous lubricating film (hydrodynamic state) are. Wear and tear, which reduces the service life of the tribological system of piston and cylinder wall, are particularly significant here. Especially with thin inlet or run flat layers but also raises the problem of the connection of the thin surface coating to the ground, which is for the functioning of the piston but of essential importance.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch einen Kolben gelöst, der dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass auf dem Kolbenmantel zumindest bereichsweise eine 5 - 25 µm, insbesondere 8 - 20 µm dicke PTFE-freie Lackschicht auf Basis von PAI aufgebracht ist, die 5 - 15 Gew.-% Zinksulfid, 5 - 15 Gew.-% Graphit oder MoS2 und 5 - 15 Gew.-% TiO2 umfasst, und dass Zinksulfid und TiO2 in einer Partikelgröße von ≤ 0,7 µm vorliegen.This object is achieved by a piston, which is characterized in that on the piston skirt at least in regions a 5-25 .mu.m, in particular 8-20 .mu.m thick PTFE-free coating layer based on PAI is applied, the 5 - 15 wt .-% Zinc sulfide, 5-15% by weight of graphite or MoS 2 and 5-15% by weight of TiO 2 , and that zinc sulfide and TiO 2 are present in a particle size of ≤ 0.7 μm.

Es wurde erfindungsgemäß festgestellt, dass das an sich im Hinblick auf seine tribologischen Eigenschaften bewährte PTFE bei Lackschichten auf Basis von PAI (Polyamidimid) gerade bei dünnen Beschichtungen die Anbindung an den Untergrund erschwert bzw. dass sich eine PTFE-freie Lackschicht, auch wenn sie sehr dünn ist, erheblich besser auf einem metallischen Untergrund, insbesondere aus Aluminiumlegierung halten lässt. Außerdem hat sich ein Zusatz von Zinksulfid, Graphit und Titandioxid jeweils im beanspruchten Bereich im Zusammenwirken mit PAI als hervorragend geeignet erwiesen. Als Alternative zu Graphit kommt MoS2 in Frage, bei dem es sich um einen hier gut geeigneten Schmierstoff handelt, Graphit ist jedoch bevorzugt. Bei zinksulfid handelt es sich um einen guten Festschmierstoff, der unempfindlich gegen Trockenheit ist. Das diesbezüglich empfindlichere Graphit hat hingegen eine gute Wärmeleitfähigkeit und ist in der Lage, die auftretende Reibungswärme in Richtung auf den Untergrund abzuleiten. Titandioxid hingegen verleiht die erforderliche verschleißbeständigkeit. Somit ist mit diesen Komponenten ein tribologisch gesehen auch bei Bedingungen der Mischreibung (hohe Last, auftretende Reibungswärme, Trockenheit) geeignetes System geschaffen.It has been found according to the invention that the per se proven in terms of its tribological properties PTFE in paints based on PAI (polyamide) difficult especially for thin coatings the connection to the ground or that a PTFE-free paint layer, even if they are very is thin, much better on a metallic substrate, especially aluminum alloy hold. In addition, an addition of zinc sulfide, graphite and titanium dioxide in each case in the claimed range in combination with PAI has proven to be outstandingly suitable. As an alternative to graphite MoS 2 is in question, which is a suitable lubricant here, but graphite is preferred. Zinc sulfide is a good solid lubricant that is insensitive to dryness. By contrast, the more sensitive graphite has a good thermal conductivity and is able to dissipate the frictional heat occurring in the direction of the substrate. Titanium dioxide, however, gives the required wear resistance. Thus, with tribological components, these systems are also suitable for mixed friction conditions (high load, frictional heat, dryness).

Es hat sich als vorteilhaft erwiesen, wenn zinksulfid, Graphit und TiO2 jeweils zu 7 bis 13 Gew.-% vorliegen. Es erweist sich auch als zweckmäßig, wenn das gewichtsprozentuale Verhältnis von Zinksulfid und von Graphit jeweils zu TiO2 zwischen 0,6 und 1,4, insbesondere zwischen 0,7 und 1,3 beträgt. Im bevorzugten Fall wird vorgeschlagen, etwa dieselben gewichtsprozentualen Mengen von zinksulfid, Graphit und TiO2 in der Lackschicht vorzusehen.It has proved to be advantageous if zinc sulfide, graphite and TiO 2 are present in each case to 7 to 13 wt .-%. It also proves useful when the weight percent ratio of zinc sulfide and graphite to TiO 2 is between 0.6 and 1.4, especially between 0.7 and 1.3. In the preferred case it is proposed to provide about the same weight percentages of zinc sulfide, graphite and TiO 2 in the lacquer layer.

Es erweist sich im Hinblick auf eine gute Anbindung an den Untergrund, also an den Kolbenmantel, als vorteilhaft, wenn die Lackschicht fluorpolymerfrei ist.It proves to be advantageous in terms of a good connection to the substrate, ie to the piston skirt, when the paint layer is fluoropolymer-free.

Es erweist sich des Weiteren als vorteilhaft, dass PAI gut lösbar ist, beispielsweise in NMP (Verhältnis etwa 1:1), und so die Lackschicht als Lösung aufgebracht, insbesondere aufgesprüht werden kann.It also proves to be advantageous that PAI is readily soluble, for example in NMP (ratio about 1: 1), and so the coating layer applied as a solution, in particular can be sprayed.

Zinksulfid und Titandioxid liegen vorzugsweise als sehr feine Teilchen vor, da sich hierdurch eine sehr "dichte" homogene Verteilung dieser Stoffe in der Matrix aus PAI erreichen lässt. Sie haben vorzugsweise einen D50-Wert der Partikelgröße zwischen 200 nm und 500 nm. Der vorerwähnte D50-Wert der Teilchengröße bezeichnet eine Teilchengröße, bezüglich der 50 Gew.-% des betreffenden Stoffs mit einer demgegenüber größeren Teilchengröße und 50 Gew.-% mit einer demgegenüber kleineren Teilchengröße vorliegen.Zinc sulfide and titanium dioxide are preferably present as very fine particles, since this can achieve a very "dense" homogeneous distribution of these substances in the matrix of PAI. They preferably have a D50 value of particle size between 200 nm and 500 nm. The aforementioned D50 value of the particle size denotes a particle size with respect to the 50% by weight of the respective substance with a comparatively larger particle size and 50% by weight with a particle size In contrast, smaller particle size are present.

Des weiteren erweist es sich im Hinblick auf die Tragfähigkeit, aber auch im Hinblick auf das Vermögen, Reibungswärme abzuleiten, als vorteilhaft, wenn die Lackschicht einen Zusatz von bis zu 15 Gew.-% Kohlenstofffasern oder Aramidfasern umfasst.Furthermore, it proves to be advantageous in terms of carrying capacity, but also in terms of the ability to dissipate frictional heat when the lacquer layer comprises an addition of up to 15 wt .-% carbon fibers or aramid fibers.

Die vorliegende Erfindung schließt zwar nicht aus, dass neben PAI als matrixbildender Kunststoffkomponente der Lackschicht noch ein oder mehrere weitere matrixbildende Kunststoffe enthalten sein dürfen. Ihr Anteil sollte aber nicht mehr als 20 Gew.-%, insbesondere nicht mehr als 10 Gew.-% des Anteils von PAI in der Lackschicht betragen-Vorzugsweise ist die Matrix zu 100 % von PAI gebildet. Vorteilhafterweise besteht die Lackschicht aus den im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Komponenten und gegebenenfalls den genannten Kohlenstofffasern oder Aramidfasern.Although the present invention does not exclude that in addition to PAI may be contained as matrix-forming plastic component of the lacquer layer, one or more other matrix-forming plastics. However, their proportion should not amount to more than 20% by weight, in particular not more than 10% by weight, of the proportion of PAI in the lacquer layer. Preferably, the matrix is formed to 100% of PAI. Advantageously, the lacquer layer consists of the components specified in claim 1 and optionally the said carbon fibers or aramid fibers.

Claims (9)

Kolben für eine Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere aus Aluminiumlegierung, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass auf dem Kolbenmantel zumindest bereichsweise eine 5 - 25 µm dicke PTFE-freie Lackschicht auf Basis von PAI aufgebracht ist, die 5 - 15 Gew.-% Zinksulfid, 5 - 15 Gew.-% Graphit oder MoS2 und 5 - 15 Gew.-% TiO2 umfasst, und dass zinksulfid und TiO2 in einer Partikelgröße von ≤ 0,7 µm vorliegen.Piston for an internal combustion engine, in particular of aluminum alloy, characterized in that on the piston skirt at least partially a 5 - 25 microns thick PTFE-free coating layer based on PAI is applied, the 5 - 15 wt .-% zinc sulfide, 5-15 wt. % Graphite or MoS 2 and 5-15% by weight of TiO 2 , and that zinc sulfide and TiO 2 are present in a particle size of ≤ 0.7 μm. Kolben nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Lackschicht eine Dicke von 8 - 20 µm aufweist.Piston according to claim 1, characterized in that the lacquer layer has a thickness of 8 - 20 microns. Kolben nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Zinksulfid, Graphit oder MOS2 und TiO2 jeweils zu 7-13 Gew.-% vorliegen.Piston according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that zinc sulfide, graphite or MOS 2 and TiO 2 are present in each case to 7-13 wt .-%. Kolben nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das gewichtsprozentuale Verhältnis von zinksulfid und von Graphit/MoS2 jeweils zu TiO2 0,6 - 1,4, insbesondere 0,7 - 1,3 beträgt.Piston according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the weight percentage ratio of zinc sulfide and of graphite / MoS 2 in each case to TiO 2 is 0.6-1.4, in particular 0.7-1.3. Kolben einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Lackschicht fluorpolymerfrei ist.Piston according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lacquer layer is fluoropolymer-free. Kolben nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Lackschicht als Lösung mit gelöstem PAI aufgebracht, insbesondere aufgesprüht ist.Piston according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lacquer layer is applied as a solution with dissolved PAI, in particular sprayed on. Kolben nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zinksulfid und TiO2 in einer Partikelgröße von ≤ 0,6 µm, insbesondere ≤ 0,5 µm vorliegen.Piston according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that zinc sulfide and TiO 2 are present in a particle size of ≤ 0.6 μm, in particular ≤ 0.5 μm. Kolben nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der D50-Wert der Partikelgröße von Zinksulfid und TiO2 zwischen 200 nm und 500 nm liegt.Piston according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the D50 value of the particle size of zinc sulfide and TiO 2 is between 200 nm and 500 nm. Kolben nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Lackschicht einen Zusatz von bis zu 15 Gew.-% Kohlenstofffasern oder Aramidfasern umfasst.Piston according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lacquer layer comprises an addition of up to 15 wt .-% carbon fibers or aramid fibers.
EP20060010563 2005-06-02 2006-05-23 Piston for an internal combustion engine Active EP1729003B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200510026664 DE102005026664B4 (en) 2005-06-02 2005-06-02 Piston for internal combustion engine

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1729003A2 true EP1729003A2 (en) 2006-12-06
EP1729003A3 EP1729003A3 (en) 2007-08-29
EP1729003B1 EP1729003B1 (en) 2009-12-23

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ID=36954737

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EP20060010563 Active EP1729003B1 (en) 2005-06-02 2006-05-23 Piston for an internal combustion engine

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DE (2) DE102005026664B4 (en)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009002716A1 (en) 2009-04-29 2010-11-11 Federal-Mogul Nürnberg GmbH Wear-resistant bonded coating for the coating of engine pistons
DE102009002715B4 (en) 2009-04-29 2017-02-09 Federal-Mogul Nürnberg GmbH Use of a waterborne lubricating varnish for the coating of engine pistons
DE102009019688A1 (en) 2009-04-30 2010-11-11 Federal-Mogul Nürnberg GmbH Piston for internal combustion engine, has piston skirt containing essentially completely rotating longitudinal guide ring within region of open shaft end, where longitudinal guide ring is provided with friction-reducing coating
EP2530317B1 (en) 2011-06-03 2014-11-12 Perkins Engines Company Limited Bearing coating for fuel lubricated fuel pumps
DE202011101400U1 (en) 2011-06-03 2011-09-05 Perkins Engines Co. Ltd. Bearing coating for fuel-lubricated fuel pumps
DE102016110042A1 (en) 2016-05-31 2017-11-30 Man Diesel & Turbo Se Component with oleophobically coated sliding or bearing surface and method for producing such a component
DE102020117602A1 (en) 2020-07-03 2022-01-05 Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh Mechanical seal

Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1440718A1 (en) * 2003-01-17 2004-07-28 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Method for coating the circumferential surface of a cylindrical work piece
EP1479946A2 (en) * 2003-05-23 2004-11-24 Nissan Motor Company, Limited Piston for internal combustion engine

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DE3801784A1 (en) * 1988-01-22 1989-07-27 Kolbenschmidt Ag Lightweight metal piston for internal-combustion engines
US5884600A (en) * 1998-02-20 1999-03-23 General Motors Corporation Aluminum bore engine having wear and scuff-resistant aluminum piston
JP4232506B2 (en) * 2002-06-24 2009-03-04 株式会社豊田自動織機 Sliding parts
JP4359066B2 (en) * 2003-04-14 2009-11-04 株式会社豊田自動織機 Sliding part coating composition

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1440718A1 (en) * 2003-01-17 2004-07-28 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Method for coating the circumferential surface of a cylindrical work piece
EP1479946A2 (en) * 2003-05-23 2004-11-24 Nissan Motor Company, Limited Piston for internal combustion engine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102005026664A1 (en) 2006-12-07
DE502006005712D1 (en) 2010-02-04
EP1729003A3 (en) 2007-08-29
EP1729003B1 (en) 2009-12-23
DE102005026664B4 (en) 2008-01-24

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