EP1727650B1 - Hand-held machine tool - Google Patents
Hand-held machine tool Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1727650B1 EP1727650B1 EP05707914.7A EP05707914A EP1727650B1 EP 1727650 B1 EP1727650 B1 EP 1727650B1 EP 05707914 A EP05707914 A EP 05707914A EP 1727650 B1 EP1727650 B1 EP 1727650B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- power tool
- gear
- handheld power
- operating mode
- tool according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D16/00—Portable percussive machines with superimposed rotation, the rotational movement of the output shaft of a motor being modified to generate axial impacts on the tool bit
- B25D16/006—Mode changers; Mechanisms connected thereto
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D2216/00—Details of portable percussive machines with superimposed rotation, the rotational movement of the output shaft of a motor being modified to generate axial impacts on the tool bit
- B25D2216/0007—Details of percussion or rotation modes
- B25D2216/0015—Tools having a percussion-only mode
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D2216/00—Details of portable percussive machines with superimposed rotation, the rotational movement of the output shaft of a motor being modified to generate axial impacts on the tool bit
- B25D2216/0007—Details of percussion or rotation modes
- B25D2216/0023—Tools having a percussion-and-rotation mode
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D2216/00—Details of portable percussive machines with superimposed rotation, the rotational movement of the output shaft of a motor being modified to generate axial impacts on the tool bit
- B25D2216/0007—Details of percussion or rotation modes
- B25D2216/0046—Preventing rotation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D2216/00—Details of portable percussive machines with superimposed rotation, the rotational movement of the output shaft of a motor being modified to generate axial impacts on the tool bit
- B25D2216/0084—Mode-changing mechanisms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D2250/00—General details of portable percussive tools; Components used in portable percussive tools
- B25D2250/141—Magnetic parts used in percussive tools
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D2250/00—General details of portable percussive tools; Components used in portable percussive tools
- B25D2250/141—Magnetic parts used in percussive tools
- B25D2250/145—Electro-magnetic parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D2250/00—General details of portable percussive tools; Components used in portable percussive tools
- B25D2250/221—Sensors
Definitions
- the invention is based on a hand tool, in particular a hammer drill, according to the preamble of claim 1.
- DE 38 26 213 A1 discloses a hand tool with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
- the tool holder is rigidly connected to a rotary or drive sleeve, which in turn is rotatably entrained by a seated on the rotary sleeve output gear of a drive gear.
- the axially limited held in the tool holder tool is applied in the axial direction of a percussion that exerts a punch or striker pulse-shaped shocks on the shaft end of the tool.
- the portable power tool can be operated either in the operating mode "Impact drilling” or in the "Chiseling" operating mode. In both modes, the tool is acted upon by the hammer mechanism.
- a mode switch which has a manually operated knob and a displaceable by the knob shift fork.
- the shift fork carries a coupling ring which rigidly couples the rotary sleeve in a first displacement position with the driven gear of the drive gear and rigidly connected in a second displacement position with the machine housing. In an intermediate position of the coupling ring engages neither the driven gear still on the machine housing, so that the rotary sleeve and thus the tool holder is driven freely freely rotatable.
- a known hand tool machine with rotating tool ( EP 0 771 619 B1 ) is installed a system with which such, so-called. Uncontrolled blocking case detected and thereby caused rotational movement of the machine housing is braked and limited.
- the system comprises a sensor which detects a motion variable characterizing the spatial dimensioning of the handheld power tool as a whole, eg the acceleration, the rotational speed or a rotary travel of the machine housing, an operator who, after reaching or exceeding a predetermined threshold value, by the motion quantity supplied by the sensor Control signal generated, and an actuator that interrupts the drive for the rotating tool in response to the control signal of the operator.
- the actuator is designed as a separating clutch in the drive train of the tool and / or as a switch for switching off the drive motor and / or as a clutch for abrupt connection of the drive train to the machine housing.
- the hand tool of the invention with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that by moving the mode switch from a manual knob to an electronically controlled actuator, an operator-independent switching between the modes is performed, which excludes switching during operation of the machine and thus Improper operation and wear of the components reduced, which leads to an overall lifetime of the machine.
- the operating mode is preselected by the operator via a keyboard arranged on the machine housing, in a more luxurious manner
- the mode setting is made automatically by a sensor senses the type of tool present in the tool holder and a corresponding identification signal to the electronic control unit, which in turn sets the associated mode.
- a manually operated electrical switch for switching on and off of the machine is arranged on the machine housing, which is designed for additional safety for the operator during drilling operation as so-called “deadman switch”, ie in the operating mode " Impact drilling "with a rotating tool must be held manually against the force of a return spring in its closed position.
- the switch is released, the switch is opened and the machine is stopped.
- the electric switch is associated with a controlled by the controller solenoid whose magnetic force is greater than the spring force of the return spring according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention .
- the control unit is designed to provide an energizing current to the electromagnet during the non-rotary tooling mode, which maintains the electrical switch in the closed position even if the operator does not operate the switch.
- the electrical switch is designed so that it can be manually lifted to transfer to its open position of the energized electromagnet, so that the machine can be turned off at any time even in pure impact mode. Since with the opening of the electric switch and the power supply to the electromagnet is interrupted, it can only be energized again upon subsequent closing of the electrical switch.
- the electronic signal for switching the operating modes can also be used in addition to activate the known per se booster function in the power tool.
- a booster function regulates the electric drive motor when switching to pure impact mode.
- a sensor connected to the control unit for detecting a tool blockage in the operating mode with rotating tool holder is arranged on the machine housing and the control unit is designed such that when a sensor signal occurs, it switches off the electric motor and, on the other hand, switches the actuator to switch over controls the mode with fixed to the machine housing tool holder or for setting a freewheel of the tool holder.
- Hand-held power tool shown schematically in side view is designed as a hammer drill, which can be operated either in a "percussion drilling” mode and in a "chiselling" mode.
- the hand tool has a machine housing 10, on which a bow handle 11 is formed for holding the machine.
- a tool holder 12 is integrated in the machine housing 10 in which a removable tool 13 rotatably and axially limited slidably receivable.
- the tool 13 is a hammer drill and hammer or chisel a chisel tool.
- the tool holder 12 is rigidly coupled to a rotatably mounted in the machine housing 10 drive sleeve 14 which is rotationally driven by a here schematically illustrated electric motor 19 via a gear train 15 designed here as a bevel gear.
- the gear transmission 15 has a drive wheel 16 rotatably received on the Anbreteshülse 14 and a meshing with the driven gear 16 bevel pinion 17.
- the bevel pinion 17 is non-rotatably mounted on an output shaft 18 which is driven either directly or via an intermediate gear 43 of the electric motor 19.
- a percussion mechanism is driven by the electric motor 19, which via a in the drive sleeve 14 axially displaceably guided percussion piston and beater or striker with the interposition of an air cushion Blows on the front end of the held in the tool holder 12 tool 13 performs.
- An exemplary construction of the impact mechanism is in the DE 28 20 128 A1 described.
- a mode changeover switch 20 For setting the operating modes, a mode changeover switch 20 is provided, which has an axially displaceable coupling element 21 and an actuator 22 causing its displacement.
- the coupling element 21 is designed such that in a first displacement position it couples the output gear 16 of the gear transmission 15 rigidly to the drive sleeve 14 and fixes the drive sleeve 14 on the machine housing 10 in a second displacement position in a rotationally fixed manner.
- the actuating member 22 has an electrical actuator 23 and an electronic control unit 24 controlling the actuator 23.
- the electric actuator 23 is designed as an electromagnet 25.
- the electric actuator 23 may also be an electric servomotor.
- the actuated by the actuator 23 coupling element 21 includes a shift fork 26 and an attached to the shift fork 26 intermediate ring 27 with internal teeth 271 (FIG. Fig. 2 ).
- the shift fork 26 is displaceable during energization of the electromagnet 25 against the force of a return spring 28.
- the return spring 28 designed here as a compression spring is supported, on the one hand, on the shift fork 26 and, on the other hand, on a holder 29 fixed on the machine housing 10.
- the holder 29 encloses the drive sleeve 14 with an integrally molded holder sleeve 291.
- the holder sleeve 291 carries on its the output gear 16 end facing an outer annular tooth portion 30.
- the output gear 16 carries on its holder 29 facing end portion an outer sprocket 31, the tooth pitch the pitch of the tooth portion 30 corresponds to the holder sleeve 291.
- a gear wheel 32 with external teeth is rotatably mounted on the drive sleeve 14, the pitch of which in turn corresponds to the tooth pitch of tooth portion 30 and ring gear 31.
- the gear 32 is the front side of the holder sleeve 291 and the output gear 16 and has an axial width which is slightly larger than the axial width of the intermediate ring 27.
- the intermediate ring 27 engages with its internal toothing 271 in the outer toothing of the gear 32 and, depending on the shift in addition to the ring gear 31 on the driven gear 16 or in the tooth portion 30 on the holder sleeve 291 dive.
- the output gear 16 is rotatably connected via the intermediate ring 27 with the gear 32, so that the output gear 16 is rotatably connected to the drive sleeve 14
- the gear 32 is rigidly connected to the tooth portion 30, so that the gear 32 rotatably supporting drive sleeve 14 is held non-rotatably on the holder 29.
- the power tool In the first displacement position of the intermediate ring 27, the power tool operates in the "hammering" mode in which both the rotary drive and the percussion mechanism is effective, and in the second displacement position of the intermediate ring 27, the power tool operates in the "chiseling" mode in which Tool 13 is driven exclusively by the percussion.
- To the mode switch 20 still belongs to the machine housing 10 arranged keyboard 33 with which the desired mode can be manually selected by the operator.
- the keyboard 33 is connected to the control unit 24 via an in Fig. 1 dashed lines indicated connecting line 34 connected.
- the connecting line of the control unit 24 with the electromagnet 25 is indicated at 35.
- an electrical switch 36 which is manually actuated by a tilt button 37, in such a way that with Pressing the tilt button 37, the switch 36 is closed and opens the switch 36 by releasing the tilt button 37.
- the Reset of the tilting button 37 takes place via a compression spring 38.
- the power supply of the control unit 24 also occurs.
- the pre-selection signal for the desired mode of operation of the handheld power tool fed in by the keyboard 33 is processed in the control unit 24 and leads to the energizing or non-energizing of the electromagnet 25 as required. Chisel "preselected, the electromagnet 25 is energized, and this transfers the shift fork 26 with intermediate ring 27 against the force of the return spring 28 in the in Fig. 1 and 2 shown displacement position in which the intermediate ring 27, the drive sleeve 14 on the holder sleeve 291 defines non-rotatably.
- the switched-on electric motor 19 drives exclusively the striking mechanism, while the output gear 16, which is also set in rotation by the electric motor 19, rotates freely on the drive sleeve 14. If the mode "percussion drilling" preselected, the electromagnet 25 is de-energized by the control unit 24, and the return spring 28 pushes the shift fork 26 with intermediate ring 27 in Fig. 1 and 2 to the right until the internal teeth 271 of the intermediate ring 27 dips into the ring gear 31 on the output gear 16. Now, the output gear 16 via intermediate ring 27 and sprocket 32 rotatably connected to the drive sleeve 14, and the tool 13 is now also rotatably driven via the drive sleeve 14 and the tool holder 12.
- the electrical switch 36 Since in the operating mode "chiselling" the deadman function of the electrical switch 36 is not required for safety reasons and is not desired, the electrical switch 36 is associated with an electromagnet 39 which is connected via a connecting line 40 to the control unit 24.
- the electromagnet 39 is designed so that it generates a magnetic force when energized, which is greater than the restoring force of the compression spring 38. Is on the Keyboard 33 selected the operating mode "chiselling", the control unit 24 initiates the energization of the electromagnet 39, which holds the electric switch 36 against the force of the compression spring 38 in the closed position, even if the tilt button 37 of the electrical switch 36 is released.
- the tilting key 37 is designed in the manner of an angle lever with a longer lever arm 371 and a shorter lever arm 372. If the operator exerts a pressure force on the longer lever arm 71 of the tilting button 37 by means of a finger, then the electrical switch 36 is brought into its closed position in which it is held in the operating mode "chiseling" by the energized electromagnet 39. If a pressing force is exerted on the shorter lever arm 372 by the operator, the electrical switch 36 is returned to its open position against the magnetic force of the electromagnet 39 and the power supply to the electric motor 19 is interrupted.
- the electronic switching of the modes can be performed not only by the preselection of the operator, but also automatically according to the type of tool used in the tool holder 12 13.
- a sensor 41 is used in the tool holder 12, which detects both the presence of a Tool 13 in the tool holder 12 as well as the type of tool 13 detects, so it can determine whether it is a percussion drill or a chisel tool.
- the sensor 41 is connected via the connecting line 42 to the electronic control unit 24.
- the keyboard 33 with connecting line 34 is omitted. If now the electric switch 36 of the power tool is closed, the sensor 41 sends a tool classification signal to the control unit 24.
- the electric control unit 24 initiates energization of the electromagnet 25, and the "chiseling" mode is set in the drive system, ie only the percussion mechanism is driven by the electric motor 19. Is that from the sensor 41 to the Control unit 24 supplied classification signal characteristic of a percussion drill, so the power is not triggered by the control unit 24 of the electromagnet 25.
- the return spring 28 provides for setting the operating mode "impact drilling" in the drive system. Of the electric motor 19, both the hammer mechanism and the drive sleeve 14 is driven.
- Fig. 1 is shown schematically, the power connection of the electric motor 19 to the battery 44 via the switching contact 451 of an electromagnetic relay 45, which is arranged in the connecting line 46 of the electric motor 19 and battery 44.
- the relay 45 is controlled by the control unit 24. As long as the electrical switch 36 is closed, the relay 45 is energized and the relay contact 451 is closed.
- the mode switch 20 is additionally used to provide the hand tool with a safety function for the uncontrolled lock case.
- This blocking case occurs when the rotating tool is extremely slowed down or even blocked by an operating or workpiece error and thereby a strong housing rotation of the power tool is triggered, which can lead to injury to the operator.
- a sensor 47 is arranged in the machine housing 10, which senses a tool blockage and outputs a corresponding output signal via a connecting line 48 to the control unit 24.
- the sensor detects a movement quantity of the machine housing 10, for example its acceleration or speed or a rotational distance. This amount of movement is compared in the control unit 24 with a predetermined threshold.
- the control unit 24 switches the relay 45 de-energized so that the relay contact 451 opens and the electric motor 19 is switched off.
- the control unit 24 causes current to be supplied to the electromagnet 25.
- the energized electromagnet 25 shifts the shift fork 26 counter to the force of the return spring 28 until the intermediate ring 27 connected to it with its internal toothing 271 is disengaged Engage with the ring gear 31 on the output gear 16, so that the output gear 16 rotates freely on the drive sleeve 14 and the drive train for rotation of the tool 13 is interrupted.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung geht aus von einer Handwerkzeugmaschine, insbesondere von einem Bohrhammer, nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. DieThe invention is based on a hand tool, in particular a hammer drill, according to the preamble of claim 1. The
Bei Handwerkzeugmaschinen mit rotierendem Werkzeug kommt es durch Bedien- oder Werkstückfehler oder Zerstörung des Werkzeugs dazu, dass Kräfte auf die Handwerkzeugmaschine wirken, die durch den Bediener nicht mehr beherrscht werden können und unter Umständen zu Verletzungen des Bedieners führen.In the case of hand tool machines with a rotating tool, operator or workpiece errors or destruction of the tool cause forces to act on the hand tool machine which can no longer be controlled by the operator and possibly lead to injuries to the operator.
Bei einer bekannten Handwerkzeugmaschine mit rotierendem Werkzeug (
Die erfindungsgemäße Handwerkzeugmaschine mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 hat den Vorteil, dass durch die Verlegung der Betriebsartenumschaltung von einem manuellen Drehknopf auf einen elektronisch gesteuerteren Aktor eine vom Bediener unabhängige Umschaltung zwischen den Betriebsarten vorgenommen wird, die ein Umschalten während des Betriebs der Maschine ausschließt und damit Fehlbedienung und Verschleiß der Bauteile vermindert, was insgesamt zu einer höheren Lebensdauer der Maschine führt. Im einfachsten Fall wird die Betriebsart von dem Bediener über eine am Maschinengehäuse angeordnete Tastatur vorgewählt, in einer luxeriöseren Ausführung wird die Betriebsarteneinstellung automatisch vorgenommen, indem ein Sensor die Art des in der Werkzeugaufnahme vorhandenen Werkzeugs sensiert und ein entsprechendes Kennsignal an die elektronische Steuereinheit gibt, die ihrerseits die zugehörige Betriebsart einstellt. Im letzteren Fall ergibt sich zusätzlich ein erhöhter Sicherheitsaspekt, da Unfallrisiken verhindert werden, die dadurch entstehen, dass die Handwerkzeugmaschine auf eine Betriebsart eingestellt wird, die nicht zu dem in der Werkzeugaufnahme eingesteckten Bearbeitungswerkzeug passt, z.B. die Betriebsart "Schlagbohren" mit einem in die Werkzeugaufnahme eingeführten Meißelwerkzeug.The hand tool of the invention with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that by moving the mode switch from a manual knob to an electronically controlled actuator, an operator-independent switching between the modes is performed, which excludes switching during operation of the machine and thus Improper operation and wear of the components reduced, which leads to an overall lifetime of the machine. In the simplest case, the operating mode is preselected by the operator via a keyboard arranged on the machine housing, in a more luxurious manner Execution, the mode setting is made automatically by a sensor senses the type of tool present in the tool holder and a corresponding identification signal to the electronic control unit, which in turn sets the associated mode. In the latter case, there is also an increased safety aspect, since accident risks are prevented, which arise from the fact that the hand tool is set to a mode that does not match the inserted in the tool holder machining tool, eg the mode "percussion" with a in the tool holder introduced chisel tool.
Durch die in den weiteren Ansprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Verbesserungen der im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Handwerkzeugmaschine möglich.The measures listed in the further claims advantageous refinements and improvements of the claim 1 hand tool are possible.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist am Maschinengehäuse ein manuell zu bedienender elektrischer Schalter zum Ein- und Ausschalten der Maschine angeordnet, der zur zusätzlichen Sicherheit für die Bediener bei Bohrbetrieb als sog. "Totmann-Schalter", ausgebildet ist, d.h. in der Betriebsart "Schlagbohren" mit rotierendem Werkzeug manuell gegen die Kraft einer Rückstellfeder in seiner Schließstellung gehalten werden muss. Bei Loslassen des Schalters wird der Schalter geöffnet und die Maschine stillgesetzt. Da in der Betriebsart "Meißeln" mit am Maschinengehäuse festgelegter Werkzeugaufnahme ein solcher "Totmann-Schalter" nicht erforderlich ist, ist gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung dem elektrischen Schalter ein von der Steuereinrichtung gesteuerter Elektromagnet zugeordnet, dessen Magnetkraft größer ist als die Federkraft der Rückstellfeder. Die Steuereinheit ist so ausgebildet, dass sie während der Betriebsart mit nichtrotierendem Werkzeug einen Erregerstrom für den Elektromagneten bereitstellt, der den elektrischen Schalter auch bei Wegfall der Betätigung des Schalters durch den Bedienenden in der Schließstellung hält.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, a manually operated electrical switch for switching on and off of the machine is arranged on the machine housing, which is designed for additional safety for the operator during drilling operation as so-called "deadman switch", ie in the operating mode " Impact drilling "with a rotating tool must be held manually against the force of a return spring in its closed position. When the switch is released, the switch is opened and the machine is stopped. Since in the operating mode "chiseling" with the tool housing fixed tool holder such a "deadman switch" is not required, the electric switch is associated with a controlled by the controller solenoid whose magnetic force is greater than the spring force of the return spring according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention , The control unit is designed to provide an energizing current to the electromagnet during the non-rotary tooling mode, which maintains the electrical switch in the closed position even if the operator does not operate the switch.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist der elektrische Schalter so ausgebildet, dass er zum Überführen in seine Offenstellung manuell von dem bestromten Elektromagneten abhebbar ist, so dass die Maschine auch im reinen Schlagbetrieb jederzeit abgeschaltet werden kann. Da mit dem Öffnen des elektrischen Schalters auch die Stromversorgung für den Elektromagneten unterbrochen wird, kann dieser erst wieder bei nachfolgendem Schließen des elektrischen Schalters bestromt werden.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the electrical switch is designed so that it can be manually lifted to transfer to its open position of the energized electromagnet, so that the machine can be turned off at any time even in pure impact mode. Since with the opening of the electric switch and the power supply to the electromagnet is interrupted, it can only be energized again upon subsequent closing of the electrical switch.
In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann das elektronische Signal zur Umschaltung der Betriebsarten auch zusätzlich dazu verwendet werden, die an sich bekannte Booster-Funktion in der Handwerkzeugmaschine zu aktivieren. Eine solche Booster-Funktion regelt bei Umstellung auf reinen Schlagbetrieb den elektrischen Antriebsmotor nach.In a further embodiment of the invention, the electronic signal for switching the operating modes can also be used in addition to activate the known per se booster function in the power tool. Such a booster function regulates the electric drive motor when switching to pure impact mode.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist am Maschinengehäuse ein an der Steuereinheit angeschlossener Sensor zur Erfassung einer Werkzeugblockierung in der Betriebsart mit rotierender Werkzeugaufnahme angeordnet und die Steuereinheit so ausgebildet, dass sie bei Auftreten eines Sensorsignals einerseits den Elektromotor stromlos schaltet und andererseits den Aktor zur Umschaltung in die Betriebsart mit am Maschinengehäuse festgelegter Werkzeugaufnahme oder zur Einstellung eines Freilaufs der Werkzeugaufnahme ansteuert. Durch diese konstruktive Maßnahme wird in einfacher Weise in der Handwerkzeugmaschine eine Sicherheitsfunktion für den unbeherrschten Blockierfall integriert, die auf bereits vorhandene Bauteile zugreift und außer dem Sensor zur Erkennung des Blockierfalls keine zusätzliche Hardware benötigt. Dabei ist es durch eine entsprechende Ansteuerung des Aktors möglich, die das Werkzeug in Rotation versetzende Antriebshülse am Maschinengehäuse festzulegen oder antriebslos frei drehen zu lassen.According to one advantageous embodiment of the invention, a sensor connected to the control unit for detecting a tool blockage in the operating mode with rotating tool holder is arranged on the machine housing and the control unit is designed such that when a sensor signal occurs, it switches off the electric motor and, on the other hand, switches the actuator to switch over controls the mode with fixed to the machine housing tool holder or for setting a freewheel of the tool holder. By this constructive measure a safety function for the uncontrolled blocking case is integrated in a simple manner in the hand tool, which accesses existing components and requires no additional hardware except the sensor for detecting the blocking case. It is possible by a corresponding control of the actuator to set the tool in rotation offset drive sleeve on the machine housing or to let rotate freely without drive.
Die Erfindung ist anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels im folgenden näher beschrieben. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine schematisierte Seitenansicht einer Handwerkzeugmaschine, teilweise geschnitten,
- Fig. 2
- eine vergrößerte Darstellung des Ausschnitts II in
Fig. 1 .
- Fig. 1
- a schematic side view of a hand tool, partially cut,
- Fig. 2
- an enlarged view of the section II in
Fig. 1 ,
Die in
Für die Einstellung der Betriebsarten ist ein Betriebsarten-Umschalter 20 vorgesehen, der ein axial verschiebbares Kupplungselement 21 sowie ein dessen Verschiebung bewirkendes Betätigungsglied 22 aufweist. Das Kupplungselement 21 ist so ausgelegt, dass es in einer ersten Verschiebestellung das Abtriebsrad 16 des Zahnradgetriebes 15 starr mit der Antriebshülse 14 koppelt und in einer zweiten Verschiebestellung die Antriebshülse 14 am Maschinengehäuse 10 drehfest festlegt. Das Betätigungsglied 22 weist hierzu einen elektrischen Aktor 23 und eine den Aktor 23 steuernde elektronische Steuereinheit 24 auf. Im Ausführungsbeispiel der
Zu dem Betriebsarten-Umschalter 20 gehört noch eine am Maschinegehäuse 10 angeordnete Tastatur 33, mit der die gewünschte Betriebsart vom Bediener manuell vorgewählt werden kann. Die Tastatur 33 ist an der Steuereinheit 24 über eine in
Zum Ein- und Ausschalten des Elektromotors 19 der Handwerkzeugmaschine, der hier wie die Steuereinheit 24 aus einem Akkumulator (Akku) 44 mit Strom versorgt wird, dient ein elektrischer Schalter 36, der manuell über eine Kipptaste 37 betätgigbar ist, und zwar so, dass mit Eindrücken der Kipptaste 37 der Schalter 36 geschlossen wird und mit Loslassen der Kipptaste 37 der Schalter 36 öffnet. Die Rückstellung der Kipptaste 37 erfolgt dabei über eine Druckfeder 38. Diese Ausbildung des elektrischen Schalters 36 als sog. Totmann-Schalter dient der Sicherheit des Bedienenden, um die Handwerkzeugmaschine bei Freigeben der Kipptaste 37 antriebslos zu schalten.To turn on and off the
Mit Schließen des elektrischen Schalters 36 erfolgt auch die Stromversorgung der Steuereinheit 24. Das von der Tastatur 33 eingespeiste Vorwahlsignal für die gewünschte Betriebsart der Handwerkzeugmaschine wird in der Steuereinheit 24 verarbeitet und führt je nach Vorgabe zum Bestromen oder Nichtbestromen des Elektromagneten 25. Ist die Betriebsart "Meißeln" vorgewählt, so wird der Elektromagnet 25 bestromt, und dieser überführt die Schaltgabel 26 mit Zwischenring 27 gegen die Kraft der Rückstellfeder 28 in die in
Da in der Betriebsart "Meißeln" die Totmann-Funktion des elektrischen Schalters 36 aus Sicherheitsgründen nicht erforderlich ist und auch nicht gewünscht wird, ist dem elektrischen Schalter 36 ein Elektromagnet 39 zugeordnet, der über eine Verbindungsleitung 40 an der Steuereinheit 24 angeschlossen ist. Der Elektromagnet 39 ist so ausgelegt, dass er bei Bestromung eine Magnetkraft erzeugt, die größer ist als die Rückstellkraft der Druckfeder 38. Ist über die Tastatur 33 die Betriebsart "Meißeln" vorgewählt, so initiiert die Steuereinheit 24 die Bestromung des Elektromagneten 39, der den elektrischen Schalter 36 gegen die Kraft der Druckfeder 38 in Schließstellung hält, auch dann, wenn die Kipptaste 37 des elektrischen Schalters 36 freigegeben wird. Um jederzeit in der Betriebsart "Meißeln" auch das Schlagwerk stillsetzen zu können, ist die Kipptaste 37 winkelhebelartig mit einem längeren Hebelarm 371 und einem kürzeren Hebelarm 372 ausgebildet. Übt der Bedienende mittels eines Fingers eine Druckkraft auf den längeren Hebelarm 71 der Kipptaste 37 auf, so wird der elektrische Schalter 36 in seine Schließstellung überführt, in der er in der Betriebsart "Meißeln" durch den bestromten Elektromagneten 39 gehalten wird. Wird von dem Bedienenden eine Druckkraft auf den kürzeren Hebelarm 372 ausgeübt, so wird der elektrische Schalter 36 gegen die Magnetkraft des Elektromagneten 39 wieder in seine Offenstellung zurückgeführt und die Stromzufuhr zum Elektromotor 19 unterbrochen. Bei der Handwerkzeugmaschine kann die elektronische Umschaltung der Betriebsarten nicht nur durch die Vorwahl des Bedienenden ausgeführt werden, sondern auch automatisch entsprechend dem Typ des in der Werkzeugaufnahme 12 eingesetzten Werkzeugs 13. Hierzu ist in der Werkzeugaufnahme 12 ein Sensor 41 eingesetzt, der sowohl das Vorhandensein eines Werkzeugs 13 in der Werkzeugaufnahme 12 als auch die Art des Werkzeugs 13 erkennt, also festzustellen vermag, ob es sich um einen Schlagbohrer oder ein Meißelwerkzeug handelt. Der Sensor 41 ist über die Verbindungsleitung 42 an der elektronischen Steuereinheit 24 angeschlossen. Die Tastatur 33 mit Verbindungsleitung 34 entfällt. Wird nunmehr der elektrische Schalter 36 der Handwerkzeugmaschine geschlossen, so wird von dem Sensor 41 ein Werkzeug-Klassifizierungssignal an die Steuereinheit 24 gegeben. Ist das Klassifizierungssignal charakteristisch für ein Meißelwerkzeug, so initiiert die elektrische Steuereinheit 24 eine Bestromung des Elektromagneten 25, und die Betriebsart "Meißeln" wird im Antriebssystem eingestellt, d.h. nur das Schlagwerk wird von dem Elektromotor 19 angetrieben. Ist das von dem Sensor 41 an die Steuereinheit 24 gelieferte Klassifikationssignal charakteristisch für ein Schlagbohrwerkzeug, so wird von der Steuereinheit 24 keine Bestromung des Elektromagneten 25 ausgelöst. Die Rückstellfeder 28 sorgt für eine Einstellung der Betriebsart "Schlagbohren" im Antriebssystem. Von dem Elektromotor 19 wird sowohl das Schlagwerk als auch die Antriebshülse 14 angetrieben.Since in the operating mode "chiselling" the deadman function of the
Wie in
Der Betriebsarten-Umschalter 20 wird zusätzlich dazu verwendet, die Handwerkzeugmaschine mit einer Sicherheitsfunktion für den unbeherrschten Blockierfall auszustatten. Dieser Blockierfall tritt ein, wenn durch eine Bedien- oder Werkstückfehler das rotierende Werkzeug extrem gebremst oder gar blockiert wird und dadurch eine starke Gehäusedrehung der Handwerkzeugmaschine ausgelöst wird, die zu einer Verletzung des Bedieners führen kann. Hierzu ist im Maschinengehäuse 10 ein Sensor 47 angeordnet, der eine Werkzeugblockierung sensiert und ein entsprechendes Ausgangssignal über eine Verbindungsleitung 48 an die Steuereinheit 24 ausgibt. Hierzu erfasst der Sensor eine Bewegungsgröße des Maschinengehäuses 10, beispielsweise dessen Beschleunigung oder Geschwindigkeit oder eine Drehstrecke. Diese Bewegungsgröße wird in der Steuereinheit 24 mit einer vorgegebenen Schwelle verglichen. Erreicht oder übersteigt das Sensorsignal diese Schwelle, so schaltet die Steuereinheit 24 einerseits das Relais 45 stromlos, so dass der Relaiskontakt 451 öffnet und der Elektromotor 19 abgeschaltet wird. Die Steuereinheit 24 veranlasst andererseits eine Bestromung des Elektromagneten 25. Der bestromte Elektromagnet 25 verschiebt die Schaltgabel 26 gegen die Kraft der Rückstellfeder 28 soweit, bis der mit ihr verbundene Zwischenring 27 mit seiner Innenverzahnung 271 außer Eingriff mit dem Zahnkranz 31 auf dem Abtriebsrad 16 ist, damit das Abtriebsrad 16 frei auf der Antriebshülse 14 dreht und der Antriebsstrang zur Rotation des Werkzeugs 13 unterbrochen ist. Durch eine entsprechend große Bestromung des Elektromagneten 25 wird dabei der Zwischenring 27 entweder soweit verschoben, bis dessen Innenverzahnung 271 in den an der Haltermuffe 291 ausgebildeten Zahnabschnitt 30 eintaucht und damit die Antriebshülse 14 über das Zahnrad 32 drehfest am Maschinengehäuse 10 festlegt, oder nur soweit verschoben, dass die Innenverzahnung 271 ausschließlich mit dem Zahnrad 32 in Eingriff ist. In letzterem Fall bleibt die Antriebshülse 14 und damit die Werkzeugaufnahme 12 antriebslos frei drehbar.The
Claims (15)
- Handheld power tool, in particular hammer drill, comprising a machine housing (10), a tool receptacle (12) which is integrated in said machine housing and can be driven in rotation by means of an electric motor (19) in a first operating mode and is fixed in a non-rotatable manner on the machine housing (10) in a second operating mode, and comprising an operating mode changeover switch (20) which has a coupling element (21), which can be shifted in order to activate the operating modes, and an actuating member (22) which effects the shifting of the said coupling element, characterized in that the actuating member has an electrical actuator (23) and an electronic control unit (24) which controls the actuator (23), wherein the operating mode changeover switch (20) has a keypad (33) for operating mode preselection, which keypad is arranged on the machine housing (10) and is connected to the control unit (24).
- Handheld power tool according to Claim 1, characterized in that the operating mode changeover switch (20) has a sensor (41), which is connected to the control unit (24), for classifying a tool (13) which is inserted into the tool receptacle (12), and in that the control unit (24) drives the actuator (23) for setting the operating mode required for the tool (13) which is present in the tool receptacle (12) depending on the classification signal of the sensor (41).
- Handheld power tool according to either of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the actuator (23) is an electric actuating motor.
- Handheld power tool according to either of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the actuator (23) is an electromagnet (25).
- Handheld power tool according to Claim 4, characterized in that the actuating member (22) has a return spring (28) with a spring force which is directed against the magnetic force of the electromagnet (25).
- Handheld power tool according to one of Claims 1-5, characterized in that the tool receptacle (12) is rigidly coupled to a drive sleeve (14) which is rotatably mounted in the machine housing (10), in that an output gear (16) of a gear mechanism (15) which is coupled to the electric motor (19), preferably of a conical gear mechanism, is rotatably seated on the drive sleeve (14) and also a gear (32) which directly adjoins the output gear (16) is seated in a rotationally fixed manner on the drive sleeve (14), in that the output gear (16) has a toothed rim (31) of which the tooth distribution corresponds to that of the gear (32), in that a toothed section (30), which faces the gear (32) and surrounds the drive sleeve (14) and has the same tooth distribution, is arranged on the housing (10), in that the coupling element (21) has an axially displaceable intermediate ring (27) with an internal tooth system (271), the said axially displaceable intermediate ring being designed such that it can be selectively brought into engagement with the gear (32) and the toothed section (30) on the machine housing (10) or with the gear (32) or with the gear (32) and the toothed rim (31) on the output gear (16).
- Handheld power tool according to Claim 6, characterized in that the coupling element (21) has a shift fork (26) which is actuated by the actuator (23) and to which the intermediate ring (27) is fastened and which is acted on by the return spring (28).
- Handheld power tool according to one of Claims 1-7, characterized in that a manually operated electrical switch (36) for switching on and switching off the machine is arranged on the machine housing (10), the said electrical switch being designed such that it has to be manually held against the force a return spring (38) in the operating mode with a rotationally driven tool receptacle (12).
- Handheld power tool according to Claim 8, characterized in that the electrical switch (36) has an associated electromagnet (39) which is controlled by the control apparatus (24) and of which the magnetic force is greater than that of the spring force of the return spring (38), and in that the control unit (24) is designed such that it provides an excitation current for the electromagnet (39) which is associated with the electrical switch (36) during the operating mode with the tool receptacle (12) fixed to the machine housing (10).
- Handheld power tool according to Claim 9, characterized in that the electrical switch (36) is designed such that it can be manually lifted from the energized electromagnet (39) in order to be moved to its open position.
- Handheld power tool according to Claim 10, characterized in that the electrical switch (36) has a toggle switch (37) which is designed in the manner of an angled lever with a relatively long and a relatively short lever arm (371, 372) and is designed such that the switch (36) can be moved to its closed position by a pressure force on the relatively long lever arm (371) and can be moved to its open position by a pressure force on the relatively short lever arm (372) against the magnetic force of the energized electromagnet (39).
- Handheld power tool according to one of Claims 1-11, characterized in that a sensor (47), which is connected to the control unit (24), for detecting blocking of the tool in the operating mode with a rotationally driven tool receptacle (12) is arranged on the machine housing (10), and the control unit (24) is designed such that it firstly turns off the electric motor (19) when a sensor signal occurs and secondly drives the actuator (23) to switch over to the operating mode with the tool receptacle (12) fixed to the machine housing (10).
- Handheld power tool according to Claims 6 and 12, characterized in that, as the electromagnet (25) is driven, the intermediate ring (27) is moved to a shifting position in which its internal tooth system (271) is in toothed engagement with the gear (32) on the drive sleeve (14) and the toothed section (30) on the machine housing (10).
- Handheld power tool according to Claim 13, characterized in that the electromagnet (25) is driven with a reduced excitation current, the magnitude of the said excitation current being such that the displacement path of the intermediate ring (27) is enough to disengage the internal tooth system (271) of the said intermediate ring from the toothed rim (31) on the output gear (16).
- Handheld power tool according to Claim 13, characterized in that, in the operating mode with a rotationally driven tool receptacle (12), the electromagnet (25) is turned off and the intermediate ring (27) is moved by the return spring (28) which acts on the shift fork (26) to a displacement position in which its internal tooth system (271) is in engagement with the toothed rim (31) on the output gear (16).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102004012433A DE102004012433A1 (en) | 2004-03-13 | 2004-03-13 | Hand tool |
PCT/EP2005/050440 WO2005087446A1 (en) | 2004-03-13 | 2005-02-02 | Hand-held machine tool |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1727650A1 EP1727650A1 (en) | 2006-12-06 |
EP1727650B1 true EP1727650B1 (en) | 2017-10-11 |
Family
ID=34895371
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP05707914.7A Expired - Fee Related EP1727650B1 (en) | 2004-03-13 | 2005-02-02 | Hand-held machine tool |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US7497272B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1727650B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4340316B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN100522502C (en) |
DE (1) | DE102004012433A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2005087446A1 (en) |
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US7497272B2 (en) | 2009-03-03 |
JP2007529327A (en) | 2007-10-25 |
JP4340316B2 (en) | 2009-10-07 |
CN100522502C (en) | 2009-08-05 |
CN1929959A (en) | 2007-03-14 |
WO2005087446A1 (en) | 2005-09-22 |
US20070074883A1 (en) | 2007-04-05 |
EP1727650A1 (en) | 2006-12-06 |
DE102004012433A1 (en) | 2005-09-29 |
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