EP1720691A1 - Synthetic multilayer object - Google Patents
Synthetic multilayer objectInfo
- Publication number
- EP1720691A1 EP1720691A1 EP05708854A EP05708854A EP1720691A1 EP 1720691 A1 EP1720691 A1 EP 1720691A1 EP 05708854 A EP05708854 A EP 05708854A EP 05708854 A EP05708854 A EP 05708854A EP 1720691 A1 EP1720691 A1 EP 1720691A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- resin
- multilayer
- layers
- dose
- functional
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 239000002346 layers by function Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 74
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004840 adhesive resin Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229920006223 adhesive resin Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 29
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 25
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000219 Ethylene vinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004715 ethylene vinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000000135 prohibitive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003856 thermoforming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001824 Barex® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000680172 Platytroctidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006121 Polyxylylene adipamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019568 aromas Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012792 core layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007799 cork Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003292 diminished effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- RZXDTJIXPSCHCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexa-1,5-diene-2,5-diol Chemical compound OC(=C)CCC(O)=C RZXDTJIXPSCHCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C43/02—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
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- B29C48/08—Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
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- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
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- B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C49/071—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration, e.g. geometry, dimensions or physical properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
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- B29C43/32—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of producing multilayer objects by compression molding a multilayer dose.
- US Pat. No. 4,876,052 describes a multilayer object (FIG. 1) characterized in that a first synthetic resin 3 is completely trapped inside a second synthetic resin 2. This multilayer object is obtained by compression molding of a composite dose in which the first resin is totally trapped in the second resin.
- the multilayer structure described in US Pat. No. 4,876,052 is particularly useful for objects such as containers or lids.
- the objects obtained according to the method described in US Pat. No. 4,876,052 require a large proportion of functional resin in the object; which generates two major disadvantages; the former being a prohibitive cost and the second a resistance to mechanical stress diminished.
- Japanese Patent JP 2098415 proposes to produce a multilayer object by compression molding. starting from a composite dose characterized in that the second synthetic resin covers only the lateral faces of the first synthetic resin.
- the compression molding of this dose along its axis of symmetry leads to an object having a multilayer structure (FIG. 2) characterized in that a first resin 2 partially traps a second resin 3.
- the multilayer objects made from two resins according to patent JP 2098415 have two major disadvantages; the first being to have the barrier resin 3 exposed in the central surface of the object on at least 10% of the total surface of the object; and the second being to require an amount of barrier resin 7 in the subject of at least 30% of the total amount of resin.
- Another disadvantage of patent JP 2098415 resides in the fact that the respective quantity of resins 2 and 3 can only be slightly adjusted, these quantities being fixed by the geometry of the object and the flows during compression of the dose. .
- This dose consists of a first resin 4 forming the central part of the dose, a second resin 3 covering only the lateral faces of the first resin, and a third resin 2 covering only the lateral faces of the second resin .
- the crushing of this composite dose along its axis of symmetry leads to a multilayer object ( Figure 3).
- the use of a tri-layer dose has the advantage of reducing the amount of functional resin 3 used and leads to objects having slightly modified mechanical properties compared to the same object comprising a single resin 2.
- the second resin 3 does not cover the central part of the multilayer object which leads to multilayer objects without barrier property close to the axis of symmetry.
- the patent application CH01619 / 04 describes multilayer objects (FIG. 4) made from a multilayer dose molded by compression.
- the objects described in this patent application have a multilayer structure characterized by the position of the functional layer forming a double zigzag-shaped fold. The functional layer is correctly distributed throughout the object, even in the central part.
- the method for producing multilayer objects described in the patent application CH01619 / 04 also makes it possible to control the thickness of the functional layer.
- An adhesive layer may be added between the resin forming the surface of the object and the functional resin.
- the compression of the dose requires a method and a specific molding device. This method requires in particular additional tooling movements compared to the basic compression process setting relative movement of the two parts of the mold. In the case of high speed molding, it may be disadvantageous to use a compression device as described in the patent application CH01619 / 04.
- Patent EP926078 describes obtaining a cork liner (FIG. 5) by compression molding a dose comprising a lamellar multilayer structure.
- the functional resin 3 forms lamellae dispersed in the resin 2.
- the method consists of extruding a lamellar dose (sort of millefeuille) with a device for generating lamellae, then compressing the dose in order to form the liner.
- a lamellar dose sort of millefeuille
- This method consists in compression molding a lamellar alloy; the number of lamellae in the dose being very large.
- This method has the disadvantage of requiring a percentage of high barrier resin (of the order of 20%) to significantly reduce the permeability of the object because the lamellae do not form a continuous layer.
- Another disadvantage of patent EP926078 lies in the fact that the position of the lamellae in the object can not be controlled. As a result, the resin forming the surface layer of the multilayer object is a mixture of the different layers forming the dose. This may limit the use of the objects described in EP926078 for hygiene reasons when the packaged product is in contact with the lamellar multilayer object.
- Another disadvantage of patent EP926078 is related to limited choice of resins that must have viscosities and melting temperatures to maintain the lamellae during compression of the dose.
- the invention relates to the production of multilayer objects produced by compression molding a multilayer dose while at the same time making it possible to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks.
- the invention consists of an axisymmetric multilayer object forming a wall of thickness E, said object being composed of a first resin forming the structure of the object and representing at least 80% of the volume of the object, and a second resin forming at least two thin functional layers; said functional layers being trapped separately in the first resin; the multilayer structure being characterized by the fact that a.
- the functional layers are distributed in separate parts of the object b.
- the functional layers form bodies of revolution centered on the axis of symmetry of the object c.
- the two functional layers overlap partially in a direction perpendicular to said wall.
- FIGS 1 to 5 illustrate multilayer objects of the prior art.
- Figure 1 shows a multilayer object described in US4876052.
- This object 1 made by compression molding comprises a functional resin layer 3 completely encapsulated in a resin 2 forming the visible surface of the object.
- Figure 2 illustrates a multilayer object described in JP2098415.
- This object 1 comprises a functional resin layer 3 partially encapsulated in a resin layer 2 forming the visible surface of the object.
- Figure 3 shows another multilayer object described in JP2O98415.
- This object comprises a thin layer of functional resin 3 trapped between two layers of resins 2 and 4 forming the object.
- FIG. 4 shows a multilayer object described in the application CH01619 / 04. This object is characterized by the double zigzag fold of the functional layer 3.
- FIG. 5 shows an object comprising a lamellar multilayer structure described in patent EP926078.
- Figures 6 to 11 show multilayer objects corresponding to the invention.
- Figure 6 illustrates a first multilayer object responding to the inventive concept.
- the multilayer structure is observed in a sectional plane passing through the axis of symmetry of the object.
- the functional layers 3, 5 and 7 form a covering.
- FIG. 7 shows a second example of a multilayer object having a central surface S not covered by the functional layers
- FIGS. 8 and 9 illustrate objects made according to the invention and having an orifice 15.
- Figure 10 shows a multilayer plug made according to the invention.
- Figure 11 shows a multilayer preform made according to the invention.
- Figure 12 illustrates the flow profile during dose compression.
- Figure 13 shows the method of obtaining the multilayer objects and in particular the relation between the dose and the object.
- Figure 14 shows how the S / Sp ratio of the area not covered by the functional layer on the surface of the object varies as a function of the O / W compression ratio.
- Figure 15 illustrates the making of an object according to JP 20418415.
- Figure 16 shows how the ratio S / Sp versus O / W varies for an object made according to JP 20418415.
- FIG. 17 shows another embodiment of an object according to the invention.
- the invention relates to a multilayer object having at least two functional resin independent layers distributed in a thin layer in a second resin forming the structure of the object; said layers being distributed in separate parts of the object and forming a partial covering.
- the term "functional resin” denotes a resin chosen for its barrier properties to gases or aromas.
- FIG. 6 illustrates a multilayer object corresponding to the invention. The thickness of the object is observed in a section made perpendicular to the surface of the object and passing through the axis of symmetry. This figure shows the distribution of functional layers in the thickness of the room.
- the functional resin forms the thin layers 3, 5 and 7 distributed in the base resin forming the structural layers 2, 4 and 6 of the object.
- the amount of functional resin is generally less than 10% of the total resin volume.
- the functional layers should be partially superimposed in order to form the cover L.
- a value of the covering L of between 1 and 3 times the thickness E makes it possible to obtain a permeability close to that obtained with a single continuous layer of identical thickness.
- the central portion of the object is formed by the layer 7 of functional resin.
- the amount of functional resin forming the core layer 7 of the object is less than 5% of the total resin volume and generally less than 3%.
- the central layer 7 of functional resin is present on a surface S representing less than 3% of the total surface of the object and preferably less than 1%.
- the ends 9, 10 and 11 of the functional resin layers 3, 5 and 7 are close to the upper and lower surfaces of the object; the ends of the raised layers can be flush to the surface of the object or fully encapsulated.
- the functional layers 3, 5 and 7 respectively form the folds 12, 13 and 14.
- the fold 12 of the layer 3 is generally close to the side wall of the object so as to have impermeability properties over the entire surface of the object. In some cases, it is not necessary to make the entire surface of the object impermeable; the invention then makes it possible to propagate said layer 3 only in the part where the object must be impermeable.
- the folds 13 and 14 of the functional resin layers 5 and 7 are superimposed on the ends 9 and 10 of the functional layers 3 and 5 and form a covering.
- FIG. 7 shows a second example of a multilayer object produced according to the invention; this object is distinguished from the object shown in Figure 6 by its central part.
- the object shown in FIG. 7 shows the arrangement of the independent functional layers 3, 5 and 7 in the resin layers 2, 4, 6 and 8 forming the structure of the object.
- the layers of functional resins 3, 5, and 7 form the respective plies 12, 13 and 14.
- the plies 13 and 14 are superimposed on the ends 9 and 10 of the functional resin layers 3 and 5 and form a covering which makes it possible to guarantee a good level of impermeability.
- the ends 11 of the functional resin layer 7 do not cover the central part of the object leaving a permeable surface S. It was observed that the leak created by the surface S was very small considering the S / Sp ratio of the area not covered by the functional layers on the total surface exposed.
- the invention makes it possible to obtain an S / Sp ratio of less than 2%, which leads to negligible leakage.
- FIG. 8 illustrates a third multilayer object produced according to the inventive method.
- This object 1 comprises a central orifice 15 and two thin layers 3 and 5 of functional resin distributed between the layers 2, 4 and 6 of the resin forming the structure of the object.
- Functional layers 3 and 5 form folds 12 and 13; the fold 13 overlapping with the ends 9 of the functional layer 3.
- Figure 9 shows another example of a multilayer object having an orifice. This object differs from the object shown in FIG. 8 by the orientation of the folds 12 and 13 of the functional resin layers 3 and 5.
- the method for producing multilayer objects described below is particularly advantageous for producing objects such as plugs, lids, preforms or tube shoulders.
- This method can also be used advantageously to produce preforms in the form of slabs; these wafers are then used in thermoforming or blowing thermoforming to form multilayer objects.
- Figure 10 illustrates a multilayer structure that could be obtained in a geometry plug-type object
- Figure 11 shows a multilayer preform made according to the invention.
- These objects have a partial superposition of functional resin layers to ensure the impermeability of the object.
- FIG. 10 shows that the functional layer 3 is generally the combination of three thin parallel layers 3a, 3b, 3c; the layers 3b and 3c being adhesive layers located on either side of the barrier layer 3a.
- This combination makes it possible to combine resins of different nature while guaranteeing good adhesion between the different layers, which avoids the possible problems of delamination or decohesion in the multilayer objects.
- the adhesive and barrier layers are parallel and in small quantities.
- the set of adhesive layers 3b and 3c and the barrier layer 3a forming the functional layer 3 generally represents an amount of resin less than 15% of the total volume of resin forming the dose, and preferably an internal amount of 10%.
- the method of producing multilayer objects according to the invention is particularly advantageous because it requires very little modification of the existing devices. As will be shown later, this method allows the realization of multilayer objects at high production rates.
- the method consists in co-extruding a cylindrical or tubular multilayer dose, supplying this multilayer dose in the molten state in a compression device, then compressing said dose in a mold to form the object; this method being characterized by the geometry of the multilayer dose (height, diameter) and the position of the layers function it in said dose.
- Figure 12 shows the flow of the resins during the compression of the dose. This flow depends mainly on the rheological properties of the resins during the compression as well as the geometry of the object. Figure 12 shows that this flow is faster halfway between the walls than near the walls tooling. In the vicinity of the tooling walls, the speed of movement of the particles tends to zero, but the shear deformation is high. Conversely, halfway between the walls, the particle velocity is maximum and the shear deformation is minimal.
- the functional resin layer is driven and deforms non-uniformly depending on its position in the flow profile.
- the final position of the functional resin layer in the object is determined by the initial position of the functional layer in the dose and the sum of the deformations experienced during the flow.
- FIG. 13 shows the multilayer dose 16 used to produce a multilayer object 1.
- a cylindrical dose 16 corresponding to a coextruded multilayer rod portion comprises two thin layers 3 and 5 of functional resin trapped between the layers 2, 4 and 6 of the base resin.
- the dose 16 corresponds to a radial stack of tubular layers, the central layer 6 being cylindrical.
- the proportion of functional resin does not generally exceed 20% of the volume of the dose, and generally this amount is less than 10%.
- the compression of this dose generates a flow of the resin towards the periphery, which causes and deforms the functional layers 3 and 5 in this direction.
- the multilayer object obtained 1 is illustrated in FIG. 13.
- This object contains the functional resin layers 3 and 5 forming a fold in the direction of the flow; the fold 13 of the functional layer 5 forming a cover L with the end 9 of the functional layer 3.
- the value of the cover L and the propagation of the fold 12 to the end of the object are related to the initial geometry dose and functional layer position in the dose.
- the geometry of the dose and the position of the functional layers in the dose can be defined by calculation or experimentally.
- the ratio of the radial positions Ri and Rj of two adjacent functional layers i and j is constant and less than or equal to 0.5; layer i being located closer to the axis of symmetry than layer j.
- the object 1 illustrated in FIG. 13 has a central S surface that is not covered by the functional layer.
- the ratio S / Sp corresponding to the ratio to the uncovered surface on the surface of the object is presented in FIG. 14. It was found that this ratio depended on the rate of compression of the dose, that is to say the ratio H1 / E; H1 corresponding to the height of the dose, and E to the thickness of the object.
- Figure 14 shows how the ratio S / Sp varies as a function of H1 / E.
- FIG. 15 illustrates the compression of a dose as proposed in JP 2098415 to demonstrate the limitations of the multilayer objects obtained by this method and to better understand the object of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 shows a tri-layer dose 16 produced according to patent JP 2098415. This dose comprises a first resin 4 forming the central part of the dose, a functional resin 3 covering only the lateral faces of the first resin, and a third resin 2 covering only the lateral faces of the functional resin.
- FIG. 15 illustrates the object 1 obtained after compression of the dose 16.
- the functional layer 3 has propagated to the end of the object while remaining encapsulated at the periphery of the object. As shown in FIG. 15, the functional layer has not propagated in the central part of the object 1.
- the barrier properties of objects made according to patent JP 2098415 (FIG. 15) and according to the invention (FIG. 13) were compared.
- Discs with a thickness of 1 mm and a diameter of 40 mm were produced starting from cylindrical multilayer doses with a height H1 close to 10 mm and a diameter substantially equal to 12.7 mm.
- the base resin used is HDPE (high density polyethylene); the functional resin used is an EVOH (ethylene vinyl alcohol).
- the measurement of the oxygen permeability shows that the objects made according to the invention are approximately 5 to 10 times more barrier than the objects made according to the patent JP 2098415. In both cases, 8% of functional resin was used.
- the overlap L of the functional layers is about 1 mm.
- Figure 17 illustrates a second embodiment of multilayer objects.
- a dose 16 comprising the functional resin layers 3, 5 and 7 encapsulated laterally in the resin layers 2, 4 and 6.
- the functional resin layer 7 forms the central portion of the dose.
- This dose is made from a coextruded rod and periodically cut at the output of the coextrusion head. This dose is then transferred to a compression mold and compressed. The vertical compression of the dose 16 along its axis of symmetry leads to the object 1 shown in FIG. 17.
- the functional resin layer 7 makes the central part of the object impermeable.
- the method of producing multilayer objects according to the invention requires the production of multilayer doses.
- a first method is to co-extrude at a constant rate a ring or multilayer tube and periodically cut the rod or the tool outlet tube to form the doses. This first method can be advantageous for manufacturing multilayer objects at a high rate.
- a second method consists in forming the doses by means of a discontinuous periodic flow; the amount of co-extruded material during a period forming a dose. This second method may be advantageous for obtaining multilayer doses having a great regularity in weight.
- the cut of the dose can be made according to known methods.
- the rotary knives for cutting the rod at the extruder outlet This type of knife can be simultaneously used to transfer the dose into the mold.
- An extrusion channel shutter dose cutting method is used in discontinuous extrusion devices.
- the transfer of the dose can be done by the known methods; as by gravity or via a transfer device.
- the positioning of the dose in the compression mold must be precise; and in particular the axis of symmetry of the dose must be precisely aligned with the axis of symmetry of the mold cavity.
- the doses are compressed along the axis of symmetry of the dose.
- the multilayer doses are extruded in the molten state at temperatures adapted to the resins used.
- the multilayer doses remain in the molten state during the transfer step in the compression mold.
- the doses are molded by compression and the object obtained is at least partially cooled in the mold before ejection.
- the resins used in the context of the invention correspond to the thermoplastic resins commonly used, and more particularly those used in the packaging sector.
- barrier resins that can be used to form the functional layers 3, 5 and 7, mention may be made of ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymers (EVOH), polyamides such as nylon-MXD6, and acrylonitrile methyl acrylate copolymers (BAREX). fluorinated polymers such as PVDF.
- EVOH ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymers
- polyamides such as nylon-MXD6, and acrylonitrile methyl acrylate copolymers (BAREX).
- fluorinated polymers such as PVDF.
- resins it is important to select products with similar viscosities. In general, it is preferable to use resins
- the devices used to produce objects according to the invention are known.
- the device comprises at least means for co-extruding multilayer doses, means for transferring the multilayer dose into a compression mold, and means for compressing the dose to form the objective.
- the invention has the advantage of allowing the production of mu lticouches objects at high production rates without significant changes compared to a device used to make monolayer objects.
- the invention necessitates replacing the single-layer injection device with a multilayer extrusion device.
- the doses and the objects are of simple geometry, but it goes without saying that the invention concerns any dose and object geometry.
- the objects obtained according to the invention comprise at least two; functional layers each forming a fold and overlapping partially.
- the invention also makes it possible to obtain objects comprising several functional layers superimposed and each capable of forming more than one fold. Zigzag-shaped functional layers can be obtained.
- the functional layers in the dose may be advantageous to couple to the invention a particular arrangement of the functional layers; said arrangement being characterized by the fact that the functional layers have a variable distance to the axis of symmetry.
- at least one functional layer forms the envelope of a body of revolution centered on the axis of symmetry, and the distance of said layer to the axis of symmetry is variable.
- Other dose geometries can be used. It has been observed that doses having a part of their concave surface are particularly advantageous. Such dose geometries facilitate a good distribution of the functional layers in the multilayer object.
- only one end of the barrier layer may not be trapped.
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- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
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- Photo Coupler, Interrupter, Optical-To-Optical Conversion Devices (AREA)
- Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a multilayer axisymmetric object which forms a wall having thickness E and comprises a first resin forming the object structure and constituting at least 80 % of the volume thereof and a second resin forming at least two functional layers which are separately entrapped in the first type of resin. The inventive multilayer structure is characterised in that (a) the functional layers are distributed in the distinct portions of the object, (b) the functional layers form the bodies of rotation centred on the axis of symmetry of the object and (c) the two functional layers are partly superimposed in a direction perpendicular to said wall.
Description
Objet synthétique multicouche Multilayer synthetic object
Domaine de l'inventionField of the invention
La présente invention concerne une méthode de réalisation d'objets multicouche par compression moulage d'une dose multicouche.The present invention relates to a method of producing multilayer objects by compression molding a multilayer dose.
Etat de la techniqueState of the art
Le brevet US 4 876 052 décrit un objet multicouche (figure 1) caractérisé par le fait qu'une première résine synthétique 3 est complètement emprisonnée à l'intérieur d'une deuxième résine synthétique 2. Cet objet multicouche est obtenu par compression moulage d'une dose composite dans laquelle la première résine est totalement emprisonnée dans la deuxième résine. La structure multicouche décrite dans le brevet US 4 876 052 est particulièrement intéressante pour des objets tels que des récipients ou des couvercles. Cependant, les objets obtenus selon la méthode décrite dans le brevet US 4 876 052 nécessitent une proportion importante de résine fonctionnelle dans l'objet ; ce qui engendre deux inconvénients majeurs ; le premier étant un coût prohibitif et le second une résistance aux sollicitations mécaniques amoindrie. L'absence d'adhésion entre la résine fonctionnelle et la résine extérieure réduit la solidité de l'objet et crée un risque de dé cohésion de la couche extérieure. Un autre inconvénient du brevet US 4 876 052 réside dans le fait que l'on ne peut que faiblement ajuster la quantité respective des résines 2 et 3. Comme il le sera montré plus loin dans l'exposé de l'invention, ces quantités sont fixées par la géométrie de l'objet et par les écoulements lors de la compression de la dose. Cette méthode nécessite également l'extrusion intermittente de la première résine à l'intérieur d'une seconde résine. Le brevet US 4 876 052 décrit un dispositif de co-extrusion avec un mécanisme de valve à obturation pour la première résine synthétiqueUS Pat. No. 4,876,052 describes a multilayer object (FIG. 1) characterized in that a first synthetic resin 3 is completely trapped inside a second synthetic resin 2. This multilayer object is obtained by compression molding of a composite dose in which the first resin is totally trapped in the second resin. The multilayer structure described in US Pat. No. 4,876,052 is particularly useful for objects such as containers or lids. However, the objects obtained according to the method described in US Pat. No. 4,876,052 require a large proportion of functional resin in the object; which generates two major disadvantages; the former being a prohibitive cost and the second a resistance to mechanical stress diminished. The absence of adhesion between the functional resin and the external resin reduces the solidity of the object and creates a risk of cohesion of the outer layer. Another disadvantage of US Pat. No. 4,876,052 resides in the fact that the respective quantity of resins 2 and 3 can only be slightly adjusted. As will be shown later in the description of the invention, these quantities are fixed by the geometry of the object and by the flows during compression of the dose. This method also requires the intermittent extrusion of the first resin within a second resin. U.S. Patent 4,876,052 discloses a coextrusion device with a valve shutter mechanism for the first synthetic resin
Afin de remédier aux inconvénients du brevet US 4 876 052, le brevet Japonais JP 2098415 propose de réaliser un objet multicouche par compression moulage
en partant d'une dose composite caractérisée par le fait que la deuxième résine synthétique couvre seulement les faces latérales de la première résine synthétique. Le moulage par compression de cette dose selon son axe de symétrie conduit à un objet présentant une structure multicouche (figure 2) caractérisée par le fait qu'une première résine 2 emprisonne partiellement une deuxième résine 3. Cependant, les objets multicouches réalisés à partir de deux résines selon le brevet JP 2098415 présentent deux inconvénients majeur ; le premier étant d'avoir la résine barrière 3 exposée en surface centrale de l'objet sur au moins 10% de la surface totale de l'objet ; et le second étant de nécessiter une quantité de résine barrière 7 dans l'objet d'au moins 30% de la quantité totale de résine. Cela conduit d'une part à des objets ayant un coût prohibitif, et d'autre part à des objets présentant des propriétés mécaniques fortement modifiées principalement au centre de l'objet. Un autre inconvénient du brevet JP 2098415 réside dans le fait que l'on ne peut que faiblement ajuster la quantité respective des résines 2 et 3, ces quantités étant fixées par la géométrie de l'objet et les écoulements lors de la compression de la dose.In order to overcome the drawbacks of US Pat. No. 4,876,052, Japanese Patent JP 2098415 proposes to produce a multilayer object by compression molding. starting from a composite dose characterized in that the second synthetic resin covers only the lateral faces of the first synthetic resin. The compression molding of this dose along its axis of symmetry leads to an object having a multilayer structure (FIG. 2) characterized in that a first resin 2 partially traps a second resin 3. However, the multilayer objects made from two resins according to patent JP 2098415 have two major disadvantages; the first being to have the barrier resin 3 exposed in the central surface of the object on at least 10% of the total surface of the object; and the second being to require an amount of barrier resin 7 in the subject of at least 30% of the total amount of resin. This leads on the one hand to objects having a prohibitive cost, and on the other hand to objects with highly modified mechanical properties mainly in the center of the object. Another disadvantage of patent JP 2098415 resides in the fact that the respective quantity of resins 2 and 3 can only be slightly adjusted, these quantities being fixed by the geometry of the object and the flows during compression of the dose. .
Il est proposé dans le brevet JP 2098415 d'utiliser une dose tri-couche pour remédier en partie aux inconvénients précités. Cette dose est constituée d'une première résine 4 formant la partie centrale de la dose, d'une deuxième résine 3 couvrant seulement les faces latérales de la première résine, et d'une troisième résine 2 couvrant seulement les faces latérales de la deuxième résine. L'écrasement de cette dose composite selon son axe de symétrie conduit à un objet multicouche (figure 3). L'utilisation d'une dose tri-couche présente l'avantage de réduire la quantité de résine fonctionnelle 3 utilisée et conduit à des objets présentant des propriétés mécaniques faiblement modifiées par rapport au même objet comportant une seule résine 2. Cependant, la deuxième résine 3 ne couvre pas la partie centrale de l'objet multicouche ce qui conduit à des objets multicouches sans propriété barrière proche de l'axe de symétrie. Cette zone centrale de l'objet non couverte par la couche de résine barrière 3 diminue les performance barrière de l'objet et rend cette solution moins performante.
La demande de brevet CH01619/04 décrit des objets multicouches (figure 4) réalisés à partir d'une dose multicouche moulée par compression. Les objets décrits dans cette demande de brevet présentent une structure multicouche caractérisée par la position de la couche fonctionnelle formant un double pli en forme de zigzag. La couche fonctionnelle est correctement répartie dans tout l'objet, même dans la partie centrale. La méthode de réalisation d'objets multicouches décrite dans la demande de brevet CH01619/04 permet également de contrôler l'épaisseur de la couche fonctionnelle. Une couche adhésive peut être ajoutée entre la résine formant la surface de l'objet et la résine fonctionnelle. Cependant, la compression de la dose nécessite une méthode et un dispositif de moulage spécifique. Cette méthode requiert notamment des mouvements d'outillages supplémentaires par rapport au procédé de compression de base mettant en mouvement relatif les deux parties du moule. Dans le cas de moulage à grande cadence, il peut être pénalisant d'utiliser un dispositif de compression tel que décrit dans la demande de brevet CH01619/04.It is proposed in patent JP 2098415 to use a tri-layer dose to partially remedy the aforementioned drawbacks. This dose consists of a first resin 4 forming the central part of the dose, a second resin 3 covering only the lateral faces of the first resin, and a third resin 2 covering only the lateral faces of the second resin . The crushing of this composite dose along its axis of symmetry leads to a multilayer object (Figure 3). The use of a tri-layer dose has the advantage of reducing the amount of functional resin 3 used and leads to objects having slightly modified mechanical properties compared to the same object comprising a single resin 2. However, the second resin 3 does not cover the central part of the multilayer object which leads to multilayer objects without barrier property close to the axis of symmetry. This central zone of the object not covered by the barrier resin layer 3 reduces the barrier performance of the object and makes this solution less efficient. The patent application CH01619 / 04 describes multilayer objects (FIG. 4) made from a multilayer dose molded by compression. The objects described in this patent application have a multilayer structure characterized by the position of the functional layer forming a double zigzag-shaped fold. The functional layer is correctly distributed throughout the object, even in the central part. The method for producing multilayer objects described in the patent application CH01619 / 04 also makes it possible to control the thickness of the functional layer. An adhesive layer may be added between the resin forming the surface of the object and the functional resin. However, the compression of the dose requires a method and a specific molding device. This method requires in particular additional tooling movements compared to the basic compression process setting relative movement of the two parts of the mold. In the case of high speed molding, it may be disadvantageous to use a compression device as described in the patent application CH01619 / 04.
Le brevet EP926078 décrit l'obtention d'un liner de bouchon (figure 5) par compression moulage d'une dose comportant une structure multicouche lamellaire. La résine fonctionnelle 3 forme des lamelles dispersées dans la résine 2. La méthode consiste à extruder une dose lamellaire (sorte de millefeuille) avec un dispositif de génération de lamelles, puis à comprimer la dose afin de former le liner. On retrouve dans l'épaisseur du liner (figure 5) une structure multicouche du type millefeuille. Cette méthode consiste à mouler par compression un alliage lamellaire ; le nombre de lamelles dans la dose étant en très grand nombre. Cette méthode présente l'inconvénient de nécessiter un pourcentage de résine barrière élevé (de l'ordre de 20%) pour diminuer significativement la perméabilité de l'objet car les lamelles ne forment pas une couche continue. Un autre inconvénient du brevet EP926078 réside dans le fait que la position des lamelles dans l'objet ne peut pas être contrôlée. Il en résulte que la résine formant la couche de surface de l'objet multicouche est un mélange des différentes couches formant la dose. Cela peut limiter l'utilisation des objets décrits dans le brevet EP926078 pour des raisons d'hygiène lorsque le produit emballé est en contact avec l'objet multicouche lamellaire. Un autre inconvénient du brevet EP926078 est lié au
choix limité des résines qui doivent présenter des viscosités et des températures de fusion permettant de conserver les lamelles lors de la compression de la dose.Patent EP926078 describes obtaining a cork liner (FIG. 5) by compression molding a dose comprising a lamellar multilayer structure. The functional resin 3 forms lamellae dispersed in the resin 2. The method consists of extruding a lamellar dose (sort of millefeuille) with a device for generating lamellae, then compressing the dose in order to form the liner. We find in the thickness of the liner (Figure 5) a multilayer structure of the millefeuille type. This method consists in compression molding a lamellar alloy; the number of lamellae in the dose being very large. This method has the disadvantage of requiring a percentage of high barrier resin (of the order of 20%) to significantly reduce the permeability of the object because the lamellae do not form a continuous layer. Another disadvantage of patent EP926078 lies in the fact that the position of the lamellae in the object can not be controlled. As a result, the resin forming the surface layer of the multilayer object is a mixture of the different layers forming the dose. This may limit the use of the objects described in EP926078 for hygiene reasons when the packaged product is in contact with the lamellar multilayer object. Another disadvantage of patent EP926078 is related to limited choice of resins that must have viscosities and melting temperatures to maintain the lamellae during compression of the dose.
Objet de l'inventionObject of the invention
L'invention concerne la réalisation d'objets multicouches réalisés par compression moulage d'une dose multicouche tout en permettant de remédier aux inconvénients précités.The invention relates to the production of multilayer objects produced by compression molding a multilayer dose while at the same time making it possible to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks.
Résumé de l'inventionSummary of the invention
L'invention consiste en un objet multicouche axisymétrique formant une paroi d'épaisseur E, ledit objet étant composé d'une première résine formant la structure de l'objet et représentant au moins 80% du volume de l'objet, et d'une deuxième résine formant au moins deux fines couches fonctionnelles ; lesdites couches fonctionnelles étant emprisonnées séparément dans la première résine ; la structure multicouche étant caractérisé par le fait que a. Les couches fonctionnelles sont réparties dans des parties distinctes de l'objet b. Les couches fonctionnelles forment des corps de révolution centrés sur l'axe de symétrie de l'objet c. Les deux couches fonctionnelles se superposent partiellement selon une direction perpendiculaire à ladite paroi.The invention consists of an axisymmetric multilayer object forming a wall of thickness E, said object being composed of a first resin forming the structure of the object and representing at least 80% of the volume of the object, and a second resin forming at least two thin functional layers; said functional layers being trapped separately in the first resin; the multilayer structure being characterized by the fact that a. The functional layers are distributed in separate parts of the object b. The functional layers form bodies of revolution centered on the axis of symmetry of the object c. The two functional layers overlap partially in a direction perpendicular to said wall.
Description détaillée de l'inventionDetailed description of the invention
L'invention sera mieux comprise ci-après au moyen d'une description détaillée des exemples illustrés par les figures suivantes.
Brève description des figuresThe invention will be better understood hereinafter by means of a detailed description of the examples illustrated by the following figures. Brief description of the figures
Les figures 1 à 5 illustrent des objets multicouches de l'art antérieur.Figures 1 to 5 illustrate multilayer objects of the prior art.
La figure 1 montre un objet multicouche décrit dans le brevet US4876052. Cet objet 1 réalisé par compression moulage comprend une couche de résine fonctionnelle 3 complètement encapsulée dans une résine 2 formant la surface visible de l'objet.Figure 1 shows a multilayer object described in US4876052. This object 1 made by compression molding comprises a functional resin layer 3 completely encapsulated in a resin 2 forming the visible surface of the object.
La figure 2 illustre un objet multicouche décrit dans le brevet JP2098415. Cet objet 1 comprend une couche de résine fonctionnelle 3 partiellement encapsulée dans une couche de résine 2 formant la surface visible de l'objet.Figure 2 illustrates a multilayer object described in JP2098415. This object 1 comprises a functional resin layer 3 partially encapsulated in a resin layer 2 forming the visible surface of the object.
La figure 3 montre un autre objet multicouche décrit dans le brevet JP2O98415. Cet objet comprend une fine couche de résine fonctionnelle 3 emprisonnée entre deux couches de résines 2 et 4 formant l'objet.Figure 3 shows another multilayer object described in JP2O98415. This object comprises a thin layer of functional resin 3 trapped between two layers of resins 2 and 4 forming the object.
La figure 4 montre un objet multicouche décrit dans la demande CH01619/04. cette objet est caractérisé par le double pli en forme de zigzag de la couche fonctionnelle 3.FIG. 4 shows a multilayer object described in the application CH01619 / 04. this object is characterized by the double zigzag fold of the functional layer 3.
La figure 5 montre un objet comprenant une structure multicouche lamellaire décrite dans le brevet EP926078.FIG. 5 shows an object comprising a lamellar multilayer structure described in patent EP926078.
Les figures 6 à 11 montrent des objets multicouches correspondant à l'invention.Figures 6 to 11 show multilayer objects corresponding to the invention.
La figure 6 illustre un premier objet multicouche répondant au concept inventif. La structure multicouche est observé dans un plan de coupe passant par l'axe de symétrie de l'objet. Les couches fonctionnelles 3, 5 et 7 forment un recouvrement.Figure 6 illustrates a first multilayer object responding to the inventive concept. The multilayer structure is observed in a sectional plane passing through the axis of symmetry of the object. The functional layers 3, 5 and 7 form a covering.
La figure 7 montre un deuxième exemple d'objet multicouche ayant une surface S centrale non couverte par les couches fonctionnelles
Les figure 8 et 9 illustrent des objets réalisés selon l'invention et ayant un orifice 15.FIG. 7 shows a second example of a multilayer object having a central surface S not covered by the functional layers FIGS. 8 and 9 illustrate objects made according to the invention and having an orifice 15.
La figure 10 montre un bouchon multicouche réalisé selon l'invention.Figure 10 shows a multilayer plug made according to the invention.
La figure 11 montre une préforme multicouche réalisée selon l'invention.Figure 11 shows a multilayer preform made according to the invention.
La figure 12 illustre le profil d'écoulement lors de la compression de la dose.Figure 12 illustrates the flow profile during dose compression.
La figure 13 montre la méthode d'obtention des objets multicouches et en particulier la relation entre la dose et l'objet.Figure 13 shows the method of obtaining the multilayer objects and in particular the relation between the dose and the object.
La figure 14 montre comment varie Le rapport S/Sp, de la surface non couverte par la couche fonctionnelle sur la surface de l'objet, en fonction du taux de compression H/E.Figure 14 shows how the S / Sp ratio of the area not covered by the functional layer on the surface of the object varies as a function of the O / W compression ratio.
La figure 15 illustre la réalisation d'un objet selon le brevet JP 20418415.Figure 15 illustrates the making of an object according to JP 20418415.
La figure 16 montre comment varie Le rapport S/Sp en fonction de H/E pour un objet réalisé selon le brevet JP 20418415.Figure 16 shows how the ratio S / Sp versus O / W varies for an object made according to JP 20418415.
La figure 17 montre un autre exemple de réalisation d'objet selon l'invention.FIG. 17 shows another embodiment of an object according to the invention.
Description détaillée des figuresDetailed description of the figures
L'invention concerne un objet multicouche possédant au moins deux couches indépendantes de résine fonctionnelle réparties en fine couche dans une deuxième résine formant la structure de l'objet; lesdites couches étant réparties dans des parties distinctes de l'objet et formant un recouvrement partiel. Le terme résine fonctionnelle désigne une résine choisie pour ses propriétés barrières aux: gaz ou aux arômes.
La figure 6 illustre un objet multicouche correspondant à l'invention. L'épaisseur de l'objet est observée selon une coupe réalisée perpendiculaire à la surface de l'objet et passant par l'axe de symétrie. Cette figure montre la répartition des couches fonctionnelles dans l'épaisseur de la pièce. La résine fonctionnelle forme les fines couches 3, 5 et 7 réparties dans la résine de base formant les couches structurelles 2, 4 et 6 de l'objet. La quantité de résine fonctionnelle représente généralement moins de 10% du volume de résine total. Afin d'obtenir des propriétés barrières avantageuses, il a été observé que les couches fonctionnelles devaient se superposer partiellement afin de former le recouvrement L. Dans un mode préférentiel non illustré, une valeur du recouvrement L comprise entre 1 fois et 3 fois l'épaisseur E permet d'obtenir une perméabilité proche de celle obtenue avec une seule couche continue d'épaisseur identique. Sur la figure 6, la partie centrale de l'objet est formée par la couche 7 de résine fonctionnelle. La quantité de résine fonctionnelle formant la couche centrale 7 de l'objet représente moins de 5% du volume total de résine et généralement moins de 3%. La couche centrale 7 de résine fonctionnelle est présente sur une surface S représentant moins de 3% de la surface totale de l'objet et préférentieilement moins de 1%. Les extrémités 9, 10 et 11 des couches de résine fonctionnelle 3, 5 et 7 se trouvent à proximité des surface supérieures et inférieures de l'objet ; les extrémités des couches suscitées pouvant être affleurantes à la surface de l'objet ou totalement encapsulées. Les couches fonctionnelles 3, 5 et 7 forment respectivement les plis 12, 13 et 14. Le pli 12 de la couche 3 se trouve généralement à proximité de la paroi latérale de l'objet afin d'avoir des propriétés d'imperméabilité sur toute la surface de l'objet. Dans certains cas, il n'est pas nécessaire de rendre imperméable toute la surface de l'objet ; l'invention permet alors de propager ladite couche 3 uniquement dans la partie où l'objet doit être imperméable. Les plis 13 et 14 des couches de résine fonctionnelles 5 et 7 se superposent aux extrémités 9, et 10 des couches fonctionnelles 3 et 5 et forment un recouvrement. Le recouvrement des couches fonctionnelles permet de garantir un bon niveau d'imperméabilité, malgré la discontinuité créée par les différentes couches.
La figure 7 montre un deuxième exemple d'objet multicouche réalisé selon l'invention ; cet objet se distinguant de l'objet présenté figure 6 par sa partie centrale. L'objet présenté figure 7 montre la disposition des couches fonctionnelles indépendantes 3, 5 et 7 dans les couches résines 2, 4, 6 et 8 formant la structure de l'objet. Les couches de résines fonctionnelles 3, 5, et 7 forment les plis respectifs 12, 13 et 14. Les plis 13 et 14 se superposent aux extrémités 9 et 10 des couches de résine fonctionnelle 3 et 5 et forment un recouvrement qui permet de garantir un bon niveau d'imperméabilité. Les extrémités 11 de la couche de résine fonctionnelle 7 ne couvrent pas la partie centrale de l'objet laissant une surface S perméable. Il a été observé que la fuite créée par la surface S était très réduite compte tenu du rapport S/Sp de la surface non couverte par les couches fonctionnelles sur la surface totale exposée. L'invention permet d'obtenir un rapport S/Sp inférieur à 2%, ce qui conduit à des fuites négligeables.The invention relates to a multilayer object having at least two functional resin independent layers distributed in a thin layer in a second resin forming the structure of the object; said layers being distributed in separate parts of the object and forming a partial covering. The term "functional resin" denotes a resin chosen for its barrier properties to gases or aromas. FIG. 6 illustrates a multilayer object corresponding to the invention. The thickness of the object is observed in a section made perpendicular to the surface of the object and passing through the axis of symmetry. This figure shows the distribution of functional layers in the thickness of the room. The functional resin forms the thin layers 3, 5 and 7 distributed in the base resin forming the structural layers 2, 4 and 6 of the object. The amount of functional resin is generally less than 10% of the total resin volume. In order to obtain advantageous barrier properties, it has been observed that the functional layers should be partially superimposed in order to form the cover L. In a preferred mode that is not illustrated, a value of the covering L of between 1 and 3 times the thickness E makes it possible to obtain a permeability close to that obtained with a single continuous layer of identical thickness. In Figure 6, the central portion of the object is formed by the layer 7 of functional resin. The amount of functional resin forming the core layer 7 of the object is less than 5% of the total resin volume and generally less than 3%. The central layer 7 of functional resin is present on a surface S representing less than 3% of the total surface of the object and preferably less than 1%. The ends 9, 10 and 11 of the functional resin layers 3, 5 and 7 are close to the upper and lower surfaces of the object; the ends of the raised layers can be flush to the surface of the object or fully encapsulated. The functional layers 3, 5 and 7 respectively form the folds 12, 13 and 14. The fold 12 of the layer 3 is generally close to the side wall of the object so as to have impermeability properties over the entire surface of the object. In some cases, it is not necessary to make the entire surface of the object impermeable; the invention then makes it possible to propagate said layer 3 only in the part where the object must be impermeable. The folds 13 and 14 of the functional resin layers 5 and 7 are superimposed on the ends 9 and 10 of the functional layers 3 and 5 and form a covering. The overlapping of the functional layers makes it possible to guarantee a good level of impermeability, despite the discontinuity created by the different layers. FIG. 7 shows a second example of a multilayer object produced according to the invention; this object is distinguished from the object shown in Figure 6 by its central part. The object shown in FIG. 7 shows the arrangement of the independent functional layers 3, 5 and 7 in the resin layers 2, 4, 6 and 8 forming the structure of the object. The layers of functional resins 3, 5, and 7 form the respective plies 12, 13 and 14. The plies 13 and 14 are superimposed on the ends 9 and 10 of the functional resin layers 3 and 5 and form a covering which makes it possible to guarantee a good level of impermeability. The ends 11 of the functional resin layer 7 do not cover the central part of the object leaving a permeable surface S. It was observed that the leak created by the surface S was very small considering the S / Sp ratio of the area not covered by the functional layers on the total surface exposed. The invention makes it possible to obtain an S / Sp ratio of less than 2%, which leads to negligible leakage.
La figure 8 illustre un troisième objet multicouche réalisé selon la méthode inventive. Cet objet 1 comporte un orifice central 15 ainsi que deux fines couches 3 et 5 de résine fonctionnelle réparties entre les couches 2, 4 et 6 de la résine formant la structure de l'objet. Les couches fonctionnelles 3 et 5 forment des plis 12 et 13 ; le pli 13 se superposant avec les extrémités 9 de la couche fonctionnelle 3.FIG. 8 illustrates a third multilayer object produced according to the inventive method. This object 1 comprises a central orifice 15 and two thin layers 3 and 5 of functional resin distributed between the layers 2, 4 and 6 of the resin forming the structure of the object. Functional layers 3 and 5 form folds 12 and 13; the fold 13 overlapping with the ends 9 of the functional layer 3.
La figure 9 montre un autre exemple d'objet multicouche présentant un orifice. Cet objet diffère de l'objet présenté figure 8 par l'orientation des plis 12 et 13 des couches de résine fonctionnelle 3 et 5.Figure 9 shows another example of a multilayer object having an orifice. This object differs from the object shown in FIG. 8 by the orientation of the folds 12 and 13 of the functional resin layers 3 and 5.
La méthode de réalisation des objets multicouche exposée ci-dessous est particulièrement avantageuse pour réaliser des objets tels que des bouchons, des couvercles, des préformes ou encore des épaules de tube. Cette méthode peut être utilisée également de façon avantageuse pour réaliser des préformes sous forme de galette ; ces galettes étant ensuite utilisées en thermoformage ou thermoformage soufflage pour former des objets multicouches. La figure 10 illustre une structure multicouche qui pourrait être obtenue dans une géométrie
d'objet de type bouchon, et la figure 11 montre une préforme multicouche réalisée selon l'invention. Ces objets présentent une superposition partielle des couches de résine fonctionnelle permettant de garantir l'imperméabilité de l'objet.The method for producing multilayer objects described below is particularly advantageous for producing objects such as plugs, lids, preforms or tube shoulders. This method can also be used advantageously to produce preforms in the form of slabs; these wafers are then used in thermoforming or blowing thermoforming to form multilayer objects. Figure 10 illustrates a multilayer structure that could be obtained in a geometry plug-type object, and Figure 11 shows a multilayer preform made according to the invention. These objects have a partial superposition of functional resin layers to ensure the impermeability of the object.
La figure 10 montre que la couche fonctionnelle 3 est généralement la combinaison de trois fines couches parallèles 3a, 3b, 3c ; les couches 3b et 3c étant des couches adhésives situées de part et d'autre de la couche barrière 3a. Cette combinaison permet d'associer des résines de nature différente tout en garantissant une bonne adhésion entre les différentes couches, ce qui évite les éventuels problèmes de délamination ou décohésion dans les objets multicouches. Les couches adhésives et barrière sont parallèles et en faible quantité. L'ensemble des couches adhésives 3b et 3c et de la couche barrière 3a formant la couche fonctionnelle 3 représente généralement une quantité de résine inférieure à 15% du volume total de résine formant la dose, et préférentiellement une quantité intérieure à 10%.FIG. 10 shows that the functional layer 3 is generally the combination of three thin parallel layers 3a, 3b, 3c; the layers 3b and 3c being adhesive layers located on either side of the barrier layer 3a. This combination makes it possible to combine resins of different nature while guaranteeing good adhesion between the different layers, which avoids the possible problems of delamination or decohesion in the multilayer objects. The adhesive and barrier layers are parallel and in small quantities. The set of adhesive layers 3b and 3c and the barrier layer 3a forming the functional layer 3 generally represents an amount of resin less than 15% of the total volume of resin forming the dose, and preferably an internal amount of 10%.
La méthode de réalisation d'objets multicouches selon l'invention est particulièrement avantageuse car elle nécessite très peu de modification des dispositifs existants. Comme il le sera montré plus loin, cette méthode permet la réalisation d'objets multicouches à grande cadence de production.The method of producing multilayer objects according to the invention is particularly advantageous because it requires very little modification of the existing devices. As will be shown later, this method allows the realization of multilayer objects at high production rates.
La méthode consiste à co-extruder une dose multicouche cylindrique ou tubulaire, à alimenter cette dose multicouche à l'état fondu dans un dispositif de compression, puis à comprimer ladite dose dans un moule afin de former l'objet ; cette méthode étant caractérisée par la géométrie de la dose multicouche (hauteur, diamètre) et la position des couches fonctionn elle dans ladite dose.The method consists in co-extruding a cylindrical or tubular multilayer dose, supplying this multilayer dose in the molten state in a compression device, then compressing said dose in a mold to form the object; this method being characterized by the geometry of the multilayer dose (height, diameter) and the position of the layers function it in said dose.
Afin de mieux comprendre l'esprit de l'invention, il est nécessaire de saisir le lien qui unit la dose multicouche à l'objet multicouch e. La figure 12 montre l'écoulement des résines pendant la compression de la dose. Cet écoulement dépend principalement des propriétés rhéologiques des résines lors de la compression ainsi que de la géométrie de l'objet. La figure 12 montre que cet écoulement est plus rapide à mi distance entre les parois que proche des parois
de l'outillage. A proximité des parois de l'outillage, la vitesse de déplacement des particules tend vers zéro, mais la déformation par cisaillement est élevée. Inversement, à mi distance entre les parois la vitesse des particules est maximale et la déformation par cisaillement est minimale. Pendant l'écoulement, la couche de résine fonctionnelle est entraînée et se déforme de façon non uniforme en fonction de sa position dans le profil d'écoulement. Ainsi, la position finale de la couche de résine fonctionnelle dans l'objet est déterminée par la position initiale de la couche fonctionnelle dans la dose et par la somme des déformations subies pendant l'écoulement.In order to better understand the spirit of the invention, it is necessary to grasp the link that unites the multilayer dose with the multi-layer object e. Figure 12 shows the flow of the resins during the compression of the dose. This flow depends mainly on the rheological properties of the resins during the compression as well as the geometry of the object. Figure 12 shows that this flow is faster halfway between the walls than near the walls tooling. In the vicinity of the tooling walls, the speed of movement of the particles tends to zero, but the shear deformation is high. Conversely, halfway between the walls, the particle velocity is maximum and the shear deformation is minimal. During flow, the functional resin layer is driven and deforms non-uniformly depending on its position in the flow profile. Thus, the final position of the functional resin layer in the object is determined by the initial position of the functional layer in the dose and the sum of the deformations experienced during the flow.
La figure 13 montre la dose multicouche 16 utilisée pour réaliser un objet multicouche 1. Une dose cylindrique 16 correspondant à une portion de jonc multicouche co-extrudé, comprend deux fines couches 3 et 5 de résine fonctionnelle emprisonnées entre les couches 2, 4 et 6 de la résine de base. La dose 16 correspond à un empilement radial de couches tubulaire, la couche centrale 6 étant cylindrique. La proportion de résine fonctionnelle ne dépasse généralement pas 20% du volume de la dose, et généralement cette quantité est inférieure à 10%. La compression de cette dose génère un écoulement de la résine vers la périphérie, ce qui entraîne et déforme les couches fonctionnelles 3 et 5 dans cette direction. L'objet multicouche obtenu 1 est illustré figure 13. On retrouve dans cet objet, les couches de résine fonctionnelle 3 et 5 formant un pli dans la direction de l'écoulement ; le pli 13 de la couche fonctionnelle 5 formant un recouvrement L avec l'extrémité 9 de la couche fonctionnelle 3. La valeur du recouvrement L et la propagation du pli 12 jusqu'à l'extrémité de l'objet sont liés à la géométrie initiale de la dose et à la position des couches fonctionnelle dans la dose. Afin d'obtenir un objet multicouche tel qu'illustré figure 13, il est nécessaire de positionner correctement les couches de résine 3 et 5 dans la dose. La géométrie de la dose et la position des couches fonctionnelles dans la dose peut être définie par calcul ou expérimentalement. Il est observé expérimentalement que le rapport des position radiales Ri et Rj de deux couches fonctionnelles voisines i et j est constant et inférieur ou égal à 0,5 ; la couche i étant située plus proche de l'axe de symétrie que la couche j.
L'objet 1 illustré figure 13 présente une surface S centrale non couverte par la couche fonctionnelle. Le rapport S/Sp correspondant au rapport à la surface non couverte sur la surface de l 'objet est présenté figure 14. Il a été trouvé que ce rapport dépendait du taux de compression de la dose, c'est à dire du rapport H1/E ; H1 correspondant à la hauteur de la dose, et E à l'épaisseur de l'objet. La figure 14 montre comment varie le rapport S/Sp en fonction de H1/E. Il est observé expérimentalement que pour des taux de compression de 5, le rapport S/Sp de l'objet 1 était inférieur à 0%, et pour un taux de compression de 10 ce rapport était inférieur à 2%. Ce résultat indique que pour un taux de compression de 10, la surface S occasionnant des fuites représente moins de 2% de la surface de l'objet.FIG. 13 shows the multilayer dose 16 used to produce a multilayer object 1. A cylindrical dose 16 corresponding to a coextruded multilayer rod portion comprises two thin layers 3 and 5 of functional resin trapped between the layers 2, 4 and 6 of the base resin. The dose 16 corresponds to a radial stack of tubular layers, the central layer 6 being cylindrical. The proportion of functional resin does not generally exceed 20% of the volume of the dose, and generally this amount is less than 10%. The compression of this dose generates a flow of the resin towards the periphery, which causes and deforms the functional layers 3 and 5 in this direction. The multilayer object obtained 1 is illustrated in FIG. 13. This object contains the functional resin layers 3 and 5 forming a fold in the direction of the flow; the fold 13 of the functional layer 5 forming a cover L with the end 9 of the functional layer 3. The value of the cover L and the propagation of the fold 12 to the end of the object are related to the initial geometry dose and functional layer position in the dose. In order to obtain a multilayer object as illustrated in FIG. 13, it is necessary to correctly position the resin layers 3 and 5 in the dose. The geometry of the dose and the position of the functional layers in the dose can be defined by calculation or experimentally. It is observed experimentally that the ratio of the radial positions Ri and Rj of two adjacent functional layers i and j is constant and less than or equal to 0.5; layer i being located closer to the axis of symmetry than layer j. The object 1 illustrated in FIG. 13 has a central S surface that is not covered by the functional layer. The ratio S / Sp corresponding to the ratio to the uncovered surface on the surface of the object is presented in FIG. 14. It was found that this ratio depended on the rate of compression of the dose, that is to say the ratio H1 / E; H1 corresponding to the height of the dose, and E to the thickness of the object. Figure 14 shows how the ratio S / Sp varies as a function of H1 / E. It is observed experimentally that for compression ratios of 5, the S / Sp ratio of object 1 was less than 0%, and for a compression ratio of this ratio was less than 2%. This result indicates that for a compression ratio of 10, the area S causing leaks represents less than 2% of the surface of the object.
Afin de montrer l'avantage des objets réalisés selon notre invention, ceux ci ont été comparés à des objets obtenus selon la méthode décrite dans le brevet JP 2098415.In order to show the advantage of the objects made according to our invention, these have been compared with objects obtained according to the method described in patent JP 2098415.
La figure 15 illustre la compression d'une dose telle que proposée dans le brevet JP 2098415 afin de démontrer les limites des objets multicouches obtenus selon cette méthode et mieux comprendre l'objet de la présente invention. La figure 15 montre une dose tri couche 16 réalisée selon le brevet JP 2098415. Cette dose comporte une première résine 4 formant la partie centrale de la dose, une résine fonctionnelle 3 couvrant seulement les faces latérales de la première résine, et une troisième résine 2 couvrant seulement les faces latérales de la résine fonctionnelle. La figure 15 illustre l'objet 1 obtenu après compression de la dose 16. La couche fonctionnelle 3 s'est propagée jusqu'à l'extrémité de l'objet tout en restant encapsulée au niveau de la périphérie de l'objet. Comme le montre la figure 15, la couche fonctionnelle ne s'est pas propagée dans la partie centrale de l'objet 1.Figure 15 illustrates the compression of a dose as proposed in JP 2098415 to demonstrate the limitations of the multilayer objects obtained by this method and to better understand the object of the present invention. FIG. 15 shows a tri-layer dose 16 produced according to patent JP 2098415. This dose comprises a first resin 4 forming the central part of the dose, a functional resin 3 covering only the lateral faces of the first resin, and a third resin 2 covering only the lateral faces of the functional resin. FIG. 15 illustrates the object 1 obtained after compression of the dose 16. The functional layer 3 has propagated to the end of the object while remaining encapsulated at the periphery of the object. As shown in FIG. 15, the functional layer has not propagated in the central part of the object 1.
Les résultats expérimentaux correspondant à la réalisation d'objets multicouches selon le brevet JP 2098415 ont été reportés sur la figure 16. Cette figure montre comment varie la fraction de surface non couverte par la couche fonctionnelleThe experimental results corresponding to the production of multilayer objects according to patent JP 2098415 have been reported in FIG. 16. This figure shows how the surface fraction not covered by the functional layer varies.
S/Sp en fonction du taux de compression H/H1. Il est observé expérimentalement
que pour des taux de compression de 5, le rapport S/Sp de l'objet 1 est supérieur à 25%, et pour un taux de compression de 10 ce rapport voisin de 20%. Ce résultat indique que pour un taux de compression de 10, la surface S occasionnant des fuites représente environ 20% de la surface de l'objet.S / Sp depending on the compression ratio H / H1. It is observed experimentally that for compression ratios of 5, the ratio S / Sp of the object 1 is greater than 25%, and for a compression ratio of 10 this ratio close to 20%. This result indicates that for a compression ratio of 10, the area S causing leakage represents about 20% of the surface of the object.
Les propriétés barrière d'objets réalisés selon le brevet JP 2098415 (figure 15) et selon l'invention (figure 13) ont été comparées. Des disques d'épaisseur 1 mm et de diamètre 40 mm ont été réalisés en partant de doses multicouches cylindriques de hauteur H1 proche de 10 mm et de diamètre sensiblement égal à 12,7 mm. La résine de base utilisée est un PEHD (polyéthylène haute densité) ; la résine fonctionnelle utilisée est un EVOH (ethylène vinyl alcool). La mesure de la perméabilité à l'oxygène montre que les objets réalisés selon l'invention sont environ 5 à 10 fois plus barrière que les objets réalisés selon le brevet JP 2098415. Dans les deux cas, 8% de résine fonctionnelle a été utilisé. Le recouvrement L des couches fonctionnelles est d'environ 1 mm.The barrier properties of objects made according to patent JP 2098415 (FIG. 15) and according to the invention (FIG. 13) were compared. Discs with a thickness of 1 mm and a diameter of 40 mm were produced starting from cylindrical multilayer doses with a height H1 close to 10 mm and a diameter substantially equal to 12.7 mm. The base resin used is HDPE (high density polyethylene); the functional resin used is an EVOH (ethylene vinyl alcohol). The measurement of the oxygen permeability shows that the objects made according to the invention are approximately 5 to 10 times more barrier than the objects made according to the patent JP 2098415. In both cases, 8% of functional resin was used. The overlap L of the functional layers is about 1 mm.
La figure 17 illustre un second exemple de réalisation d'objets multicouche. Une dose 16 comprenant les couches de résine fonctionnelle 3, 5 et 7 encapsulées latéralement dans les couches de résine 2, 4 et 6. La couche de résine fonctionnelle 7 forme la partie centrale de la dose. Cette dose est réalisée à partir d'un jonc co-extrudé et coupé périodiquement en sortie de tête de co-extrusion. Cette dose est ensuite transféré dans un moule de compression puis comprimée. La compression verticale de la dose 16 selon son axe de symétrie conduit à l'objet 1 représenté figure 17. La couche de résine fonctionnelle 7 rend imperméable la partie centrale de l'objet.Figure 17 illustrates a second embodiment of multilayer objects. A dose 16 comprising the functional resin layers 3, 5 and 7 encapsulated laterally in the resin layers 2, 4 and 6. The functional resin layer 7 forms the central portion of the dose. This dose is made from a coextruded rod and periodically cut at the output of the coextrusion head. This dose is then transferred to a compression mold and compressed. The vertical compression of the dose 16 along its axis of symmetry leads to the object 1 shown in FIG. 17. The functional resin layer 7 makes the central part of the object impermeable.
La méthode de réalisation d'objets multicouches selon l'invention nécessite la réalisation de doses multicouches. Une première méthode consiste à co-extruder à débit constant un jonc ou tube multicouche et à couper périodiquement le jonc ou le tube en sortie d'outillage pour former les doses. Cette première méthode peut être avantageuse pour fabriquer des objets multicouches à grande cadence. Une deuxième méthode consiste à former les doses grâce à un débit périodique discontinu ; la quantité de matière co-extrudée pendant une période formant une
dose. Cette deuxième méthode peut être avantageuse pour obtenir des doses multicouches ayant une grande régularité en poids.The method of producing multilayer objects according to the invention requires the production of multilayer doses. A first method is to co-extrude at a constant rate a ring or multilayer tube and periodically cut the rod or the tool outlet tube to form the doses. This first method can be advantageous for manufacturing multilayer objects at a high rate. A second method consists in forming the doses by means of a discontinuous periodic flow; the amount of co-extruded material during a period forming a dose. This second method may be advantageous for obtaining multilayer doses having a great regularity in weight.
La coupe de la dose peut être faite selon les méthodes connues. Citons par exemple les couteaux rotatifs pour couper le jonc en sortie d'extrudeuse. Ce type de couteau peut être simultanément utilisé pour transférer la dose dans le moule. Une méthode de coupe de dose par obturation du canal d'extrusion est utilisée dans les dispositifs d'extrusion discontinue.The cut of the dose can be made according to known methods. For example, the rotary knives for cutting the rod at the extruder outlet. This type of knife can be simultaneously used to transfer the dose into the mold. An extrusion channel shutter dose cutting method is used in discontinuous extrusion devices.
Le transfert de la dose peut se faire par les méthode connues ; comme par gravité ou par l'intermédiaire d'un dispositif de transfert. Le positionnement de la dose dans le moule de compression doit être précis ; et en particulier l'axe de symétrie de la dose doit être aligné avec précision avec l'axe de symétrie de la cavité du moule. Les doses sont comprimées selon l'axe de symétrie de la dose.The transfer of the dose can be done by the known methods; as by gravity or via a transfer device. The positioning of the dose in the compression mold must be precise; and in particular the axis of symmetry of the dose must be precisely aligned with the axis of symmetry of the mold cavity. The doses are compressed along the axis of symmetry of the dose.
Les doses multicouches sont extrudées à l'état fondu à des températures adaptées aux résines utilisées. Les doses multicouches restent à l'état fondu pendant l'étape de transfert dans le moule de compression. Les doses sont moulées par compression et l'objet obtenu est refroidi au moins partiellement dans le moule avant éjection.The multilayer doses are extruded in the molten state at temperatures adapted to the resins used. The multilayer doses remain in the molten state during the transfer step in the compression mold. The doses are molded by compression and the object obtained is at least partially cooled in the mold before ejection.
Les résines utilisées dans le cadre de l'invention correspondent aux résines thermoplastiques couramment utilisés, et plus particulièrement celles utilisées dans le secteur de l'emballage. Parmi les résines barrières qui peuvent être utilisées pour former les couches fonctionnelles 3, 5 et 7, on peut citer les copolymères d'éthylène vinyl alcool (EVOH), les polyamides tels que le Nylon- MXD6, les copolymères acrylonitrile methyl acrylate (BAREX), les polymères fluorés tels que le PVDF. Citons également quelques résines pouvant être utilisées pour les couches 2 et 4, 6 et 8 formant la structure de l'objet : polyéthylène (PE), polypropylène (PP), polystyrène (PS), polyamide (PA), polyester (PET). Cette liste n'est pas exhaustive. Lors du choix des résines, il est important de sélectionner des produits ayant des viscosités voisines. En général, il est préférable d'utiliser des résines qui à la température de travail présentent un
rapport de viscosité inférieur à 10, et de préférence on choisira un rapport de viscosité inférieur à 3.The resins used in the context of the invention correspond to the thermoplastic resins commonly used, and more particularly those used in the packaging sector. Among the barrier resins that can be used to form the functional layers 3, 5 and 7, mention may be made of ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymers (EVOH), polyamides such as nylon-MXD6, and acrylonitrile methyl acrylate copolymers (BAREX). fluorinated polymers such as PVDF. There are also some resins that can be used for layers 2 and 4, 6 and 8 forming the structure of the object: polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), polyamide (PA), polyester (PET). This list is not exhaustive. When choosing resins, it is important to select products with similar viscosities. In general, it is preferable to use resins which at working temperature exhibit a viscosity ratio of less than 10, and preferably a viscosity ratio of less than 3 is selected.
Les dispositifs utilisés pour réaliser des objets selon l'invention sont connus. Le dispositif comprend au moins des moyens pour co-extruder des doses multicouches, des moyens pour transférer la dose multicouche dans un moule de compression, et des moyens pour comprimer la dose afin de former l'obj et.The devices used to produce objects according to the invention are known. The device comprises at least means for co-extruding multilayer doses, means for transferring the multilayer dose into a compression mold, and means for compressing the dose to form the objective.
L'invention présente l'avantage de permettre la production d'objets mu lticouches à grande cadence de production sans modifications importantes par rapport à un dispositif utilisé pour réaliser des objets monocouche. L'invention nécessite de remplacer notamment le dispositif d' )usion monocouche par un dispositif d'extrusion multicouche.The invention has the advantage of allowing the production of mu lticouches objects at high production rates without significant changes compared to a device used to make monolayer objects. The invention necessitates replacing the single-layer injection device with a multilayer extrusion device.
Dans les exemples présentés ici, les doses et les objets sont de géométrie simple, mais il va de soi que l'invention concerne n'importe quelle géométrie de dose et d'objet.In the examples presented here, the doses and the objects are of simple geometry, but it goes without saying that the invention concerns any dose and object geometry.
Les objets obtenus selon l'invention comportent au moins deux; couches fonctionnelles formant chacune un pli et se superposant partiellement. L'invention permet également d'obtenir des objets comportant plusieurs couches fonctionnelles se superposant et chacune pouvant former plus d'un pli. Des couches fonctionnelles en forme de zigzag peuvent être obtenues.The objects obtained according to the invention comprise at least two; functional layers each forming a fold and overlapping partially. The invention also makes it possible to obtain objects comprising several functional layers superimposed and each capable of forming more than one fold. Zigzag-shaped functional layers can be obtained.
Il existe de nombreuses dispositions des couches fonctionnelles dans la dose. Il peut être avantageux de coupler à l'invention une disposition particulière des couches fonctionnelles ; ladite disposition étant caractérisée par le fait que les couches fonctionnelles ont une distance variable à l'axe de symétrie. Selon cette variante, au moins une couche fonctionnelle forme l'enveloppe d'un corps de révolution centré sur l'axe de symétrie, et la distance de ladite couche à l'axe de symétrie est variable.
D'autres géométries de doses peuvent être utilisées. Il a été observé que des doses présentant une partie de leur surface concave sont particulièrement avantageuses. De telles géométries de doses facilitent une bonne répartition des couches fonctionnelles dans l'objet multicouche.There are many provisions of the functional layers in the dose. It may be advantageous to couple to the invention a particular arrangement of the functional layers; said arrangement being characterized by the fact that the functional layers have a variable distance to the axis of symmetry. According to this variant, at least one functional layer forms the envelope of a body of revolution centered on the axis of symmetry, and the distance of said layer to the axis of symmetry is variable. Other dose geometries can be used. It has been observed that doses having a part of their concave surface are particularly advantageous. Such dose geometries facilitate a good distribution of the functional layers in the multilayer object.
La réalisation d'emballages ou composants d'emballages pour des usages alimentaires nécessite des propriétés d'hygiène élevées. Il est ainsi souvent souhaitable que les couches fonctionnelles ne soient pas en contact direct avec le produit emballé. Il peut être avantageux d'emprisonner totalement les couches fonctionnelles dans la dose, de sorte que lesdites couches fonctionnelles se trouvent totalement emprisonnées dans l'objet.The production of packaging or packaging components for food uses requires high hygiene properties. It is thus often desirable that the functional layers are not in direct contact with the packaged product. It may be advantageous to completely enclose the functional layers in the dose, so that said functional layers are totally trapped in the object.
Alternativement, seule une extrémité de la couche barrière peut ne pas être emprisonnée.
Alternatively, only one end of the barrier layer may not be trapped.
Claims
1. Objet multicouche axisymétrique formant une paroi d'épaisseur E, ledit objet étant composé d'une première résine formant la structure de l'objet et représentant au moins 80% du volume de l'objet, et d'une deuxième résine formant au moins deux fines couches fonctionnelles ; lesdites couches fonctionnelles étant emprisonnées séparément dans la première résine ; la structure multicouche étant caractérisé par le fait que d. Les couches fonctionnelles sont réparties dans des parties distinctes de l'objet e. Les couches fonctionnelles forment des corps de révolution centrés sur l'axe de symétrie de l'objet f. Les deux couches fonctionnelles se superposent partiellement selon une direction perpendiculaire à ladite paroi.1. axisymmetric multilayer object forming a wall of thickness E, said object being composed of a first resin forming the structure of the object and representing at least 80% of the volume of the object, and a second resin forming at minus two thin functional layers; said functional layers being trapped separately in the first resin; the multilayer structure being characterized by the fact that d. The functional layers are distributed in separate parts of the object e. The functional layers form bodies of revolution centered on the axis of symmetry of the object f. The two functional layers overlap partially in a direction perpendicular to said wall.
2. Objet selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que la distance de superposition est au moins égale à l'épaisseur E de l'objet. 2. Object according to claim 1 characterized in that the superposition distance is at least equal to the thickness E of the object.
3. Objet multicouche selon la revendication 1 ou 2 caractérisé en ce que les couches fonctionnelles forment elles même une structure multicouche comprenant une couche de résine barrière emprisonnée entre deux couches de résine adhésive. 3. multilayer object according to claim 1 or 2 characterized in that the functional layers themselves form a multilayer structure comprising a barrier resin layer trapped between two layers of adhesive resin.
4. Objet selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que la première résine représente au moins 85% du volume de l'objet.4. Object according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that the first resin represents at least 85% of the volume of the object.
5. Objet multicouche obtenu par compression moulage d'une dose multicouche ; ladite dose multicouche en un empilement radial de plusieurs couches ; comportant au moins 2 fines couches fonctionnelles emprisonnées entre des couches composées d'une première résine ; les couches constituées de la première résine représentant au moins 80% du volume de la dose ; la distance de la première couche à l'axe de symétrie étant inférieur ou égal à la moitié de la distance de la deuxième couche à l'axe de symétrie5. Multilayer object obtained by compression molding a multilayer dose; said multilayer dose in a radial stack of several layers; having at least 2 thin functional layers trapped between layers composed of a first resin; the layers made of the first resin representing at least 80% of the volume of the dose; the distance from the first layer to the axis of symmetry being less than or equal to half the distance from the second layer to the axis of symmetry
6. Dose multicouche à axe de symétrie pour la réalisation d'objets multicouches par compression moulage, dont la structure multicouche consiste en un empilement radial de plusieurs couches ; ladite structure multicouche comportant au moins 2 fines couches fonctionnelles emprisonnées entre des couches composées d'une première résine ; la structure multicouche étant caractérisée par le fait que a. Les couches constituées de la première résine représentent au moins 80% du volume de la dose b. La distance de la première couche à l'axe de symétrie est inférieure ou égal à la moitié de la distance de la deuxième couche à l'axe de symétrie6. Symmetry-axis multilayered dope for the production of multilayer objects by compression molding, the multilayer structure of which consists of a radial stack of several layers; said multilayer structure having at least 2 thin functional layers trapped between layers composed of a first resin; the multilayer structure being characterized by the fact that a. The layers made of the first resin represent at least 80% of the volume of the dose b. The distance from the first layer to the axis of symmetry is less than or equal to half the distance from the second layer to the axis of symmetry
7. Dose multicouche selon la revendication 6 caractérisée en ce que les couches fonctionnelles forment elles même une structure multicouche comprenant une couche de résine barrière emprisonnée entre deux couches de résine adhésive.7. Multilayer dose according to claim 6 characterized in that the functional layers themselves form a multilayer structure comprising a barrier resin layer trapped between two layers of adhesive resin.
8. Dose multicouche selon les revendications 6 ou 7 comprenant au moins trois couches fonctionnelles caractérisée en ce que le rapport des distances radiales entre deux couches voisines est inférieur ou égal à 0,5 8. multilayer dose according to claims 6 or 7 comprising at least three functional layers characterized in that the ratio of radial distances between two adjacent layers is less than or equal to 0.5;
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EP05708856.9A Active EP1727657B1 (en) | 2004-03-01 | 2005-02-26 | method of manufacturing multilayered synthetic resin doses |
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EP05708854A Withdrawn EP1720691A1 (en) | 2004-03-01 | 2005-02-26 | Synthetic multilayer object |
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EP05708856.9A Active EP1727657B1 (en) | 2004-03-01 | 2005-02-26 | method of manufacturing multilayered synthetic resin doses |
EP20050708853 Active EP1720690B1 (en) | 2004-03-01 | 2005-02-26 | Multilayer dose and process for producing the same |
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EP1832414A1 (en) * | 2006-03-10 | 2007-09-12 | Aisapack Holding SA | Synthetic multilayer object |
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