EP1714694B2 - Large scale mixer / reactor - Google Patents

Large scale mixer / reactor Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP1714694B2
EP1714694B2 EP05008591A EP05008591A EP1714694B2 EP 1714694 B2 EP1714694 B2 EP 1714694B2 EP 05008591 A EP05008591 A EP 05008591A EP 05008591 A EP05008591 A EP 05008591A EP 1714694 B2 EP1714694 B2 EP 1714694B2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
segment
rotor
kneading
longitudinal section
axial direction
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP05008591A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1714694A1 (en
EP1714694B1 (en
Inventor
Pascal Loew
Andreas Lennert
Rainer Naef
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Buss SMS Canzler GmbH
Original Assignee
Buss SMS Canzler GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=34979635&utm_source=***_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP1714694(B2) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Buss SMS Canzler GmbH filed Critical Buss SMS Canzler GmbH
Priority to EP05008591A priority Critical patent/EP1714694B2/en
Priority to AT05008591T priority patent/ATE423614T1/en
Priority to DE502005006692T priority patent/DE502005006692D1/en
Priority to ES05008591T priority patent/ES2321412T3/en
Publication of EP1714694A1 publication Critical patent/EP1714694A1/en
Publication of EP1714694B1 publication Critical patent/EP1714694B1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1714694B2 publication Critical patent/EP1714694B2/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B9/00—Cleaning hollow articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto 
    • B08B9/08—Cleaning containers, e.g. tanks
    • B08B9/087—Cleaning containers, e.g. tanks by methods involving the use of tools, e.g. brushes, scrapers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/60—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis
    • B01F27/70—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with paddles, blades or arms
    • B01F27/701—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with paddles, blades or arms comprising two or more shafts, e.g. in consecutive mixing chambers
    • B01F27/702—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with paddles, blades or arms comprising two or more shafts, e.g. in consecutive mixing chambers with intermeshing paddles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/10—Maintenance of mixers
    • B01F35/145—Washing or cleaning mixers not provided for in other groups in this subclass; Inhibiting build-up of material on machine parts using other means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/90—Heating or cooling systems
    • B01F35/92—Heating or cooling systems for heating the outside of the receptacle, e.g. heated jackets or burners

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a large-volume reactor according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method according to the preamble of claim 15.
  • GVR Large volume reactors
  • thermal treatment is meant in particular the evaporation, degassing and drying of a material system.
  • physical treatment includes matter transformation, sublimation, resublimation, crystallization or mixing of a substance system, while the term chemical treatment generally encompasses reactions.
  • Such large-volume reactors usually have an interior, also called mixing space, with a volume of about 3 to 50,000 liters and in most cases a normal volume of about 1,000 to 20,000 liters and ensure a good mix over a wide range of viscosities - And Knetrial and thus a rapid renewal of the free surface.
  • a reactor of the generic type is known.
  • Two oppositely driven, parallel-axis rotors are arranged in a mixing chamber enclosed by a housing.
  • Each rotor comprises a rotor shaft and a plurality of segment discs. From each rotor shaft are several segment discs radially from.
  • the segment discs are associated with segment planes which are at right angles to the rotor shafts with distances in the axial direction from each other.
  • a gap is located between the shell wall and segment discs. In each segment plane, the segment discs of one rotor interact with the segment discs of the other rotor in a gear-wheel-like manner in mutual engagement.
  • Each segmental disc of a rotor is arranged offset to the - in the axial direction - adjacent segment disc in a rotational direction, or circumferential direction and connected by means of a kneading bar.
  • the kneading bars serve to cooperate with the shell wall of the housing. In a fixed direction of rotation, the interaction is a cleaning of a layer of reaction material, which adheres to the shell wall. The kneading bars further clean off the other rotor as well.
  • the kneading bars are arranged parallel to the respective rotor axis, as well as seen in the direction of rotation, at the leading and trailing ends of the segment discs for a complete cleaning of the jacket wall.
  • the kneading bars are spaced from one another in the axial direction by gaps in order in each case to allow a corresponding disk segment of the other rotor to intervene and to clean off its flanks.
  • Two axially adjacent segment discs define a chamber in the axial direction.
  • a lateral boundary of the chambers in the leading and trailing direction takes place only partially - by two axially spaced and offset in the circumferential direction segment discs, such that the segment discs lie on spiral lines whose spiral axes are coaxial with the respective rotor axes.
  • each chamber is offset in the axial direction by a pitch in the circumferential direction and / or trailing chamber about the pitch of the spiral-shaped line.
  • the chambers are arranged offset in such a way that an overlap with the circumferentially leading and / or trailing chamber is asymmetrical. This asymmetry leads during operation to an asymmetric conveying behavior, as in Fig. 1 is described.
  • a mixing kneader known in a housing two axially parallel waves are arranged. On the shafts are in the direction of rotation and in the axial direction of successive in the direction of the shaft or obliquely extending Knetbarren on a support element. The tracks of the kneading bars on the two shafts overlap at least partially. When turning the kneading bars on one shaft between the support elements on the other shaft.
  • the object is achieved with a novel reactor according to claim 1. Further, this object is achieved by a method according to claim 15.
  • the disk segments and the kneading bars are arranged as follows both in a longitudinal section and in a further longitudinal section, a conveying effect of the mixed material and / or reaction material can be achieved.
  • the disk segments and the kneading bars are arranged on the respective rotor shafts such that the conveying movement points in a longitudinal section in the axial direction in the opposite direction to the conveying movement of a further longitudinal section.
  • Such zones of intensive mixing also called Kompaktierzonen, offer itself as places for the supply of another component or one or more additives or another, possibly already premixed further reaction material downright, especially if a possible rapid and intimate mixture and / or reaction with which is already to be achieved in the Kompaktierzone reaction.
  • the arrangement of the outlet in a zone with high mixing intensity can have the advantage that discharge of the reaction product processed into a product from the reactor is favored.
  • a further advantage of a reactor according to the invention for batch operation can be that in the case of a reaction mixture comprising a plurality of components having different viscosities, in particular a liquid and a pasty component, with a partially filled mixing space, one or more longitudinal sections having a direction opposite to the preceding longitudinal sections Conveying movement can be specifically arranged on the rotors to prevent so-called spillover of the liquid component.
  • a compacting zone thus acts blocking against certain liquid components and ensures that the liquid components can pass through this compacting zone only after their incorporation into the reaction mixture.
  • Kompaktierzonen By forming Kompaktierzonen can be achieved that a resulting from a partial reaction or externally supplied liquid component remains in a certain area of the mixing chamber until it is evaporated or absorbed by the reaction mixture.
  • Zones with different degrees of conveying effect can be located, for example, in compaction zones.
  • vapors, as well as any measuring points are arranged in an overhead part of the housing, since at a partial filling of the reactor at these locations less prone to sticking and / or clogging, since the reaction material is not caked and stuck , This makes cleaning of such a reactor less frequent and / or easier.
  • the kinematic promotion is based on the observation that moving, for example, rotating machine parts (for example, the kneading bars) at a predetermined angle of attack (inclination) to resting Walls (shell wall) strike past and cause a net flow of the reaction material with a kinematic conveying component in the axial direction.
  • Characteristic of the kinematic promotion is the dependence of the conveying direction on the direction of rotation of the rotors. When the direction of rotation reverses, the direction of the conveying movement and the resulting flow of the reaction material changes.
  • the rotating kneading bars slide along the jacket wall of the housing with a cleaning edge formed on the kneading bar in front of them (kinematic conveying).
  • the radial angle of attack of the shear flanks leads to a partial flow of the reaction material located in front of the kneading bars being deflected radially relative to the rotor shaft and being able to escape under the kneading bars.
  • a caused by the inclination / inclination of the kneading bars kinematic conveying component in the axial direction can support or inhibit an axially dispersive conveying component, which is caused by the arrangement of the segment discs on the rotor shafts.
  • each segment disc and each kneading bar of the one rotor which penetrate into these chambers of the other rotor, displace the reaction material located in the chamber by its own volume.
  • the displaced volume can escape in the direction of rotation only through the openings between the circumferentially leading segment disc and the axially limiting segment discs of the chamber.
  • these openings are of different sizes, the majority of the reaction material escapes preferentially in the direction of the larger opening, as there encounters less resistance there. This results in a conveying movement in the direction of the larger openings.
  • the axial component of this conveying movement is referred to as axially dispersive conveying component.
  • the delivery behavior and the distribution of the flow of the reaction mixture in the individual segment discs can be controlled.
  • Gravity or gravity tends to equalize axial fill level differences in the mixing space of the reactor. With increasing viscosity of the reaction material or in hard-flowing powders or granules, the contribution of gravity to the overall product flow decreases. This transport mechanism is independent of direction of rotation and speed.
  • Fig. 1 shows the between two end walls 10, 12 of a housing 14 of a large-volume reactor 16 (see Fig.2 ) arranged active portion of the one of two rotors 18, 20 in settlement.
  • Fig. 1 is the direction of rotation of the rotor 18 is indicated by an arrow D1.
  • the rotor 18 has a plurality of segment disks 28, 30, 32, 34 projecting at right angles from a rotor shaft 22 in the radial direction (see also FIGS Fig. 2 and 3 ).
  • the segment discs are associated with segmental planes 36, 38, 40, 42, 44, which with respect to a rotor axis 46 (see Fig.2 ) are arranged at right angles and spaced apart in the axial direction.
  • a circumferentially leading end 56 of the segment disc 26 is connected via a kneading bar 52 with the axially adjacent segment disc 30, while a circumferentially trailing end 58 of the segment disc 26 is connected via the kneading bar 54 with the axially adjacent segment disc 28.
  • the kneading bars 54, 56 protrude in the axial direction over the respective segment discs 26, 28, 30.
  • axially adjacent kneading bars 52, 52 ' which are mutually offset in the circumferential direction, are spaced apart from one another by a gap 60.
  • the length of the kneading bars 52, 54 is chosen so that contribute during operation for cleaning the respective segment discs of the other rotor 20. All kneading bars 52, 54 are arranged parallel to the rotor axis 46 and intended to cooperate with a casing wall 90 of the housing 14 located between the end walls 10, 12.
  • the edge-side segment discs 47 are each connected to a single segment disc 32, which is adjacent in the axial direction, by means of a kneading bar 66.
  • the circumferentially trailing end 58 'of the peripheral segment disc 47 carries in each case a kneading bar 68, which does not provide an axial connection to an adjacent segment disc.
  • the resulting axial displacement of the reaction material in a direction parallel to the rotor axis was caused by a conveying movement 78, which has an axially dispersive conveying component 80.
  • Fig. 2 and 3 are views of a reactor according to the invention.
  • the reactor 16 has a housing 14, which surrounds the cylindrical mixing chamber 92 by means of a first end wall 10, a second end wall 12 and a jacket wall 90 connecting these end walls 10, 12.
  • the substantially cylindrical housing 14 is aligned horizontally on a foundation-like pad 94th
  • the housing 14 is double-walled in a middle region 96 of the jacket wall 90 of the mixing chamber 92 in order to supply or withdraw the reactor 16 in operation at most the required additional thermal energy to achieve the desired reaction.
  • the housing 14 in the region 96 of the jacket wall 90 to a heating / cooling inlet 98, through which a medium for heating or cooling of the mixing chamber 92 a double wall zone 100 is supplied, and a heating / cooling outlet 102, via which the medium then again can be dissipated.
  • the medium is fed via a, not shown, closed circuit to a likewise not shown recooler / heat exchanger.
  • the housing 14 For charging with components and additives for the production of a product, referred to below as reactant, the housing 14 has an inlet 104, which is arranged at the first end wall 10 in an overhead region of the housing 14.
  • the housing 14 has an outlet 106, which is arranged at half of the housing at the second end wall 12.
  • Fig. 1 shown reactor housing 14 a vapor pipe 108 which is disposed between the first end wall 10 and the second end wall 12 in an overhead region of the housing 14.
  • reaction product can be discharged by means not shown further, such as a discharge screw.
  • a first roller-shaped rotor 18 and a second roller-shaped rotor 20 are mounted such that their rotor shafts 22, 24 are spaced apart and are arranged centrally in the mixing chamber 92, and axially parallel to each other and the substantially cylindrical mixing chamber 92 are arranged ,
  • the first rotor 18 is a mirror-symmetrical design of the second rotor 20.
  • the rotor shafts 22, 24 define an axial direction and rotate about the rotor axes 46, 46 'at the same speed, but in different rotational directions D1, D2.
  • a gear 122 driven by a motor 120 is used for driving the rotor shafts 22, 24, for example.
  • Each rotor shaft 22, 24 has a plurality of segment discs 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 47, etc. protruding at right angles in the radial direction.
  • the rotor shafts 92, 94 each have three segment discs 124, 126, 128, 124 ', 126', 128 'assigned, which are arranged distributed uniformly on the circumference of the respective rotor shafts 22, 24. Die Segmentassin 124, 126, 128 °.
  • segment discs 124, 126, 128, 124 ', 126', 128 ' are associated with segment planes such as the segment plane 130, which are arranged at right angles with respect to a rotor axis 46 and spaced apart in the axial direction.
  • All segment discs 26 of the rotor shaft 22, with the exception of the edge-side segment discs 47, which are the segmental planes 48 and 50 assigned to the end walls 10, 12 - seen in the axial direction - to both adjacent segment discs 28, 30 on the same rotor 22 in circumferential , or rotational direction D1 is arranged offset and connected to a kneading bar 52, 54. In the Fig. 1 shown kneading bars 52, 54 are arranged parallel to the rotor axis 46 and thus in a neutral position.
  • the kneading bars 52, 54 project in the axial direction over the respective segment discs 26, 28, 30. In the axial direction, axially adjacent kneading bars 52, 52 ', which are mutually offset in the circumferential direction, are spaced apart from one another by a gap 60. The length of the kneading bars 52, 52 ', 54 is chosen so that contribute during operation for cleaning the respective segment discs of the other rotor 20. All kneading bars 52, 52 ', 54, 68 are arranged parallel to the rotor axis 46 and intended to cooperate with a casing wall 90 of the housing 14 located between the end walls 10, 12.
  • a small gap 136 between the kneading bars 52, 52 ', 54, 68 and the jacket wall 90 of the mixing chamber 92 is a few millimeters, usually 1 to 5 mm.
  • the column width is also dependent on the size of the rotors 18, 20th
  • the in Fig. 2 illustrated rotor 18 of the reactor 16 is formed symmetrically with respect to a longitudinally arranged section separation plane 140.
  • This section separating plane 140 lies simultaneously on a segment plane and forms a boundary between a longitudinal section 142 and a further longitudinal section 144.
  • the rotor shafts 22, 24 each consist of a shaft-like rotor core 146 and a hollow-cylindrical shell part 148 enclosing the rotor core 146.
  • the kneading bars 52, 54 have a teardrop-shaped cross-section, wherein an educated cleaning edge 150 is arranged in the direction of rotation D1 in advance.
  • the drop-shaped cross section of the kneading bars 52, 54, 68 has the consequence that the cleaning behavior of the kneading bars 52, 54 takes place only when operating in the direction of rotation D1, while in an operation in the opposite direction of rotation D2 the casing wall 90 and the kneading bars 52, 54, 68 form a narrowing gap 136. It does not matter whether the kneading bars 52, 54, 68 are inclined relative to the rotor axis 46 by an angle ⁇ or not.
  • the kneading bars 52, 54, 68 serve to achieve a locally higher shear.
  • zones of increased shear serve as plasticizing zones.
  • the small gap 136 of the kneading bars 52, 54 to the jacket wall 90 of the housing 14 leads to a higher energy input.
  • the increased temperature in this zone supports the melting of a crumb-shaped reaction mixture.
  • the direction of rotation D1 / D2 the speed of the rotor shafts 22, 24 and the number of kneading bars and segment discs are adapted to the mixture / reaction material to be processed.
  • Fig. 4 shows a Rotorabwicklung a rotor 18, 20 of a reactor according to the invention 16.
  • Fig. 4 shows a Rotorabwicklung a rotor 18, 20 of a reactor according to the invention 16.
  • the segment discs 26, 28, 30 of the Fig. 4 corresponding rotor 18 are arranged in a longitudinal portion 142 similar to those in the Fig. 1 , Adjoining the longitudinal section 142, the further longitudinal section 144 follows.
  • the section separating plane 140 arranged longitudinally between the end walls 10, 12 delimits the longitudinal section 142 from the further longitudinal section 144.
  • the rotor development in the further longitudinal section 144 is a mirror image of the arrangement of the segment discs 26, 28, 30 and kneading bars 52, 54 in the longitudinal section 142.
  • segment discs 26 ', 28' located in the further longitudinal section 144 , 30 ' are also arranged on concentric with the rotor axis 46 lying, spiral lines.
  • the spiral lines in the longitudinal section 142 have a direction of rotation which is opposite to the spiral lines in the further longitudinal section 144.
  • Fig. 4 carries each of the section separating plane 140 associated segment disc 152 at a trailing in the direction of rotation D1 end 58 in the circumferential direction a kneading 154, which does not connect to an axially adjacent segment disc 156, 158. Similar to the kneading bars 52, 54, the kneading bar 154 protrudes in the axial direction over the segment disk 152. In the axial direction, axially adjacent kneading bars 54, 154, which are mutually offset in the circumferential direction, are spaced apart from one another by a gap 60.
  • the length of the kneading bar 154 is selected so that it contributes during operation for cleaning the respective corresponding segment discs of the other rotor 20.
  • a chamber 160 following the kneading bar 154 with respect to the direction of rotation D1 is formed which is longer in the axial direction than the remaining chambers 70.
  • each segment disc 152 has a kneading bar 162 in the circumferential direction at an end 56 leading in the direction of rotation D1, which each creates a connection to the axially adjacent segment discs 156, 158.
  • the kneading bar 140 protrudes in the axial direction via the segment discs 156, 15.
  • axially adjacent kneading bars 54, 162 which are mutually offset in the circumferential direction, are spaced apart from one another by a gap 62.
  • the length of the kneading bar 162 is chosen so that it contributes during operation for cleaning the respective corresponding segment discs of the other rotor 20.
  • a chamber 164 leading the kneading bar 162 with respect to the direction of rotation D1 is formed, which is shorter in the axial direction than the remaining chambers 70.
  • a compacting zone 170 is defined by a purposeful different arrangement of the segment discs 26, 26 ', 28, 28', 30, 30 ', 152 on a rotor 18, 20 during operation in the direction of rotation D1 in which the axial-dispersive delivery component 80 and the axially-dispersive delivery component 168 counteract each other. If the spiral-shaped lines in the longitudinal section 142 have the same slopes in terms of magnitude as the spiral-shaped lines in the further longitudinal section 144, the axially dispersive conveying components 80, 168 are theoretically identical in absolute value. The formed Kompaktierzone 170 is therefore located centrally in the section separation plane 140th
  • the axial dispersion is accordingly favored by the special geometry of the rotors 18, 20, in that the segment discs 26, 26 ', 28, 28', 30, 30 ', 152 are arranged correspondingly on the respective rotor shafts 18, 20. This results in a symmetrical conveying behavior, which in Fig. 4 symbolically shown by another mass displacement pattern 172.
  • Fig. 5 shows a development of a rotor 18, 20 of a second embodiment of a reactor according to the invention 16.
  • the section separation plane 140 is arranged in the direction of the second end wall 12 displaced on the rotor shafts 22, 24.
  • the rotor 22 is the same structure as the rotor 22 according to the in Fig. 4 shown execution.
  • the resulting compacting zone 170 is also moved along with the section separating plane 140 in the same direction.
  • Fig. 6 1 shows a developed view of a rotor 18, 20 of a third embodiment of a reactor 16 according to the invention.
  • the arrangement of the disk elements 26, 26 ', 28, 28', 30, 30 ', 152 and the section separating plane 140 corresponds to the rotor 18 according to FIG Fig. 4 shown Rotorabwicklung.
  • the kneading bars 174 ', 176' which are located in the further longitudinal section 144, however, are inclined at an angle + ⁇ in such a way that they bring about an additional conveying movement 184 with a kinematic conveying component 186 of the reaction material in the axial direction, which leads to the aforementioned kinematic conveying component 182 has an opposite direction.
  • kneading bars 154, 162 of Fig. 4 similar seeing kneading bars 188, 190, which are supported by the segment slices 140 associated segment discs 152, or carried along, have in the region of the section separating plane 140 a kink-like course to the kinematic conveying movements 180, 184 of the respective longitudinal sections 142, 144 to meet.
  • Fig. 7 1 shows a development of a rotor 18, 20 of a fourth embodiment of a reactor 16 according to the invention.
  • the arrangement of the disk elements 26, 26 ', 28, 28', 30, 30 ', 152 and the parting plane 140 corresponds to the rotor 18 corresponding to that in FIG Fig. 4 shown Rotorabwicklung, wherein the kneading bars with respect to the rotor axis 46 similar to the Fig. 6 in turn are arranged obliquely.
  • kneading bars 192, 192 ', 194, 194' with respect to the rotor axis 46 inclined at an angle ⁇ .
  • kneading bars 192, 194 which are located in the longitudinal section 142, are inclined at an angle + ⁇ in such a way that they bring about an additional conveying movement 196 with a kinematic conveying component 198 of the reaction material in the axial direction.
  • the kneading bars 154, 162 of Fig. 4 Similar seeing kneading bars 204, 206 which are carried or carried along by the segment disks 152 assigned to the section separating plane 140 have a kink-like profile in the region of the section separating plane 140 in order to satisfy the kinematic conveying movements 196, 200 of the respective longitudinal sections 142, 144.
  • Fig. 8 shows a development of a rotor 18 of a fifth embodiment of a reactor according to the invention 16.
  • the rotor 18 is designed such that its settlement a settlement according Fig. 4 corresponds to which in the axial direction, a further section separating plane 208 adjacent to which the settlement according to Fig. 4 a second time and adjacent to the following.
  • the longitudinal section 142 each have a further longitudinal section 144, and vice versa.
  • the section separation plane 140 is arranged twice, and the further section separation plane 208 is arranged centrally between the aforementioned two section separation planes 140 and the end walls 10, 12 on the rotors 18, 20.
  • the reactor 16 with a rotor development according to Fig. 8 has in operation in the direction of rotation D1 on a delivery behavior, which creates a Kompaktierzone 170 at each Schwarzrennebene 140 each.
  • a zone 210 created at the cut-off separation plane 208 has opposite properties with respect to the compacting zone 170 (decompaction).
  • Fig. 9 shows a development of a rotor 18 of a sixth embodiment of a reactor according to the invention 16.
  • the rotor 18 is designed such that its settlement a settlement according Fig. 6 corresponds to which in the axial direction, a further section separating plane 208 adjacent to which the settlement according to Fig. 6 a second time and adjacent to the following.
  • the longitudinal section 142 each have a further longitudinal section 144, and vice versa.
  • the section separation plane 140 is arranged twice, and the further section separation plane 208 is arranged centrally between the aforementioned two section separation planes 140 and the end walls 10, 12 on the rotors 18, 20.
  • the kneading bars 174, 176 of the longitudinal sections 142 are again inclined with respect to the rotor axis 46 at an angle - ⁇ , during which the kneading bars 174 ', 176' of the further longitudinal sections 144 are in turn inclined at an angle + ⁇ .
  • the kneading bars 204, 206 of Fig. 7 Similar seeing kneading bars 212, 214, which are supported by the segment slices 208 associated segment slices 260, have in the region of the section separating plane 208 a kink-like course in order to satisfy the kinematic conveying movements 78, 166 of the respective longitudinal sections 142, 144.
  • the reactor 16 with a rotor development according to Fig. 9 has in operation in the direction of rotation D1 on a conveying behavior, in which the kinematic conveying movements 182 and 186 caused by the kneading bars 174, 174 ', 176, 176', 212, 214 to the axialdispersive conveying movements 80 prevailing in the respective longitudinal sections 142, 144 , 168 supportive.
  • Fig. 10 shows a development of a rotor 18 of a seventh embodiment of a reactor according to the invention 16.
  • the rotor 18 is designed such that its settlement of a settlement according Fig. 7 corresponds to which in the axial direction, a further section separating plane 208 adjacent to which the settlement according to Fig. 7 a second time and adjacent to the following.
  • the longitudinal section 142 each have a further longitudinal section 144, and vice versa.
  • the section separation plane 140 is arranged twice, and the further section separation plane 208 is arranged centrally between the aforementioned two section separation planes 140 and the end walls 10, 12 on the rotors 18, 20.
  • the kneading bars 192, 194 of the longitudinal sections 142 are again inclined with respect to the rotor axis 46 at an angle + ⁇ , during which the kneading bars 192 ', 194' of the further longitudinal sections 144 are again inclined at an angle - ⁇ .
  • the kneading bars 188, 190 of Fig. 6 Similar seeing kneading bars 218, 220, which are carried or carried along by segment discs 216 assigned to the section separating plane 208, have a kink-like profile in the region of the section separating plane 208 in order to satisfy the kinematic conveying movements 196, 200 of the respective longitudinal sections 142, 144.
  • the reactor 16 with a rotor development according to Fig. 10 has in operation in the direction of rotation D1 on a conveying behavior in which the kinematic conveying movements 196 and 200 caused by the kneading bars 192, 192 ', 194, 194', 218, 220 affect the axial-dispersive conveying movements 78 prevailing in the respective longitudinal sections 142, 144 , 166 inhibiting effect.
  • the simplified illustrated housing 14 has two inlets 104 and 104 'for the feed. Further, the housing 14 shown has an outlet 106 for removal of the processed reaction material and a vapor nozzle 108 for removal of volatile components of the reaction mixture.
  • the rotors 18, 20 are designed such that they have a like in Fig. 10 show shown rotor development.
  • the rotor shafts 22, 24 of the reactor 16 are now driven in opposite directions to each other in a first direction of rotation D1.
  • the disk segments 26, 26 ', 28, 28', 30, 30 'and the kneading elements 192, 192', 194, 194 ', 204, 206, 218, 220 so that the axially dispersive conveying components 80, 168 are larger than the are kinematic delivery components 198, 202
  • the reaction material is compacted by the resulting resulting conveying movements in each case in a lying in the region of the section separating planes 140 Kompaktierzone 170 and undergoes a particularly intimate mixing.
  • Fig. 12 shows the same reactor 16 as in the Fig. 11 showing an operating condition in which the rotor shafts 22, 24 are in the opposite direction of rotation D1 D2 are driven.
  • Fig. 12 seen that instead of in Fig. 11 occurred Kompaktierzonen 170 new Kompaktierzonen 170 'at the end walls 10, 12, and at the central portion separation plane 208, which have similar properties as the Kompaktierzone 170.
  • a reactor 16 having such a structure of the rotors 18, 20 and such a structure of the housing 14 is therefore particularly advantageous for batch operation.
  • the outlet 106 is located at a segment level, which is at the same time also section separation plane, as the section separation plane 208 in FIG Fig. 12 ,
  • Fig. 13 shows a novel reactor 16 ', which rotors 18, 20, the unwinds a plurality of longitudinal sections 142 of a rotor 18 according to Fig. 6 and a plurality of further longitudinal sections 144 of a rotor 18 according to Fig. 7 demonstrate.
  • the longitudinal sections 142 and the further longitudinal sections 144 are arranged in pairs along the rotor axis 46 in succession. The arrangement was made such that a longitudinal section 142 is followed by a further longitudinal section 144, and vice versa.
  • the section separating plane 140 is arranged three times, one of which is longitudinally centered, and one further section separating plane 208 is arranged centrally between in each case two section separating planes 140.
  • the housing 14 of the present embodiment of the reactor 16 'in this case has an inlet 104 in / at the first end wall 10, an outlet 106 in / at the second end wall 12, and two vapor sockets 108, 108' in the upper region of the housing 14.
  • the axially dispersive conveying component 80 in a longitudinal section 142 in the same direction as the kinematic conveying component 182.
  • the further longitudinal section 144 shows the axially dispersive conveying component 168 in the opposite direction to the kinematic conveying component 202.
  • each longitudinal section 142, 144 each have a net flow 222, 224, which has opposite directions of action in the axial direction.
  • the reaction material is jammed at operation with rotor shafts 22, 24 driven in opposite directions in the direction of rotation D1 at the cutting separation planes 140, which leads to compacting zones 170 "at these cutting separation planes 140.
  • the reaction mixture introduced through the inlet 104 can be moved in a quasi-stepwise manner from the first end wall 10 in the direction of the second end wall 12 during processing in the axial direction.
  • Fig. 14 1 shows a development of a rotor 18, 20 of an embodiment of a large-volume reactor 16 "according to the invention Fig. 1 shown Rotorabwicklung has a rotor 18 according to Fig. 14 Chambers of different lengths.
  • Adjoining the marginal segment disk 47, the chamber 70, which in the axial direction and in each case separated by a further segment disc 226, 228, 230, a longer chamber 232, an even longer chamber 234 and a further longer chamber 236 follows.
  • the segment discs 47, 226, 228, 230 are arranged in the circumferential direction relative to one another without displacement in a chamber row 238. Kneading bars adapted to the lengths of the chambers 70, 232, 234, 236 are corresponding length adjusted.
  • the remaining rows are formed by successive chambers in the axial direction, wherein each chamber is arranged offset relative to a trailing in a rotational direction D1 chamber axially in the same direction.
  • segment discs 47, 226, 228, 230 of these rotors 18, 20 are arranged on continuous, spiral-shaped lines 240, the pitch of which changes as a function of the location in the longitudinal direction (axial direction).
  • the different chamber lengths can cause a different axial dispersion.
  • arrangement of the disc elements and kneading a conveying movement of the first end wall 10 in the direction of the second end wall 12 is effected.
  • segment disks are profiled-like along their edge, or chamfered, in order to minimize the shearing of the reaction mixture between segment disk and casing wall 90.
  • the kneading bars can also cause a reduction of the reaction material, especially when solidifying and clumping products tend to material accumulation and bridging.
  • the Knetbarren provided with Abcuriskanten are preferably designed so that the Abtheseskanten are relief ground and there is a clearance angle to the surfaces to be cleaned. This back-grinding, or turning behind causes the remaining in the gap zone between the Abtheseskante and the mating surface, or jacket wall reaction material is not rolled.
  • the reactor instead of the horizontal structure has a sloping or even vertical structure, for example, to use the gravity.
  • the rotors are not mirror-symmetrically constructed with respect to section separation planes, since, for example, they may have different numbers of kneading elements in a segment plane in different sections.
  • the reactor is provided with additional thermal exchange surfaces in that the rotor shaft and / or the segment discs can be heated and / or cooled.
  • the rotor shafts on each of an outer end of the shaft journal rotational sealing heads.
  • the reactor is to be used for use as a continuous reactor, it is further conceivable to associate the rotor shafts 22, 24 at the outlet 106 with an additional discharge medium, for example in the form of a screw conveyor.
  • the housing 14 in the region of the mixing chamber 92 has a substantially heart-shaped or pretzel-shaped cross section, with a partial cleaning of the jacket wall 90 by the kneading only in the area of the rotors 18, 20th takes place.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)

Abstract

Over one section of the reactor length (142), the rotors (18, 20) convey the reaction material axially. Over a further section of the reactor length (144) the reaction material is conveyed in the opposite direction. These sections are divided by a plane of separation (140) at right angles to the rotor shaft. The rotor construction in the two sections (142, 144) is symmetrical about the plane of separation. The plane of separation coincides with one of the planes of rotor segments. Each of the segment planes includes a segment disc carrying a parallel kneading bar on one side, connected exclusively with the one segment disc. The other side carries a kneading bar connecting both axially-adjacent segment discs. The casing (14) has two end walls, with a corresponding arrangement of adjacent kneading bars and segment discs. The arrangement of kneading bars is parallel to the axial direction. They are alternatively inclined with respect to the axial direction, and provide both axial dispersion and axial conveying of the reaction materials. The casing includes connections for: exhaust vapors or gases (108), materials inlet (104) and reacted materials outlet (106). Further mechanical details are claimed. Two rotors are contained in a casing. The segment discs are arranged on spiral lines. The rotors are operated in counter rotation; they are periodically reversed. An independent claim is included for the method of operation.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen grossvolumigen Reaktor gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1 sowie ein Verfahren gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 15.The invention relates to a large-volume reactor according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method according to the preamble of claim 15.

Grossvolumige Reaktoren, auch GVR genannt, können besonders für die thermische und/oder physikalische und/oder chemische Behandlungen von Stoffsystemen verwendet werden. Unter thermischer Behandlung wird insbesondere das Verdampfen, Entgasen und Trocknen eines Stoffsystems verstanden. Der Begriff der physikalischen Behandlung umfasst insbesondere die Stoffumwandlung, die Sublimation, die Resublimation, die Kristallisation oder das Mischen eines Stoffsystems, während der Begriff der chemischen Behandlung Reaktionen im Allgemeinen umfasst.Large volume reactors, also called GVR, can be used especially for the thermal and / or physical and / or chemical treatment of material systems. By thermal treatment is meant in particular the evaporation, degassing and drying of a material system. In particular, the term physical treatment includes matter transformation, sublimation, resublimation, crystallization or mixing of a substance system, while the term chemical treatment generally encompasses reactions.

Solche grossvolumigen Reaktoren weisen üblicherweise einen Innenraum, auch Mischraum genannt, mit einem Volumen von etwa 3 bis 50'000 Liter und in den meisten Fällen einem Normalvolumen von etwa 1'000 bis 20'000 Liter auf und gewährleisten über ein grosses Viskositätsspektrum eine gute Misch- und Knetwirkung und somit eine rasche Erneuerung der freien Oberfläche.Such large-volume reactors usually have an interior, also called mixing space, with a volume of about 3 to 50,000 liters and in most cases a normal volume of about 1,000 to 20,000 liters and ensure a good mix over a wide range of viscosities - And Knetwirkung and thus a rapid renewal of the free surface.

Aus der EP 0715881 ist ein Reaktor gattungsbildender Art bekannt. Zwei gegensinnig angetriebene, parallelachsige Rotoren sind in einem von einem Gehäuse umschlossenen Mischraum angeordnet. Zwei Stirnwände, welche durch eine Mantelwand miteinander verbunden sind, bilden einen zylinderförmigen Mischraum. Jeder Rotor umfasst eine Rotorwelle und mehrere Segmentscheiben. Von jeder Rotorwelle stehen mehrere Segmentscheiben radial ab. Dabei sind die Segmentscheiben Segmentebenen zugeordnet, die rechtwinklig zu den Rotorwellen mit Abständen in axialer Richtung voneinander entfernt sind. Ein Spalt befindet sich Zwischen der Mantelwand und Segmentscheiben. In jeder Segmentebene wirken die Segmentscheiben eines Rotors mit den Segmentscheiben des anderen Rotors in gegenseitigem Eingriff zahnradartig zusammen.From the EP 0715881 a reactor of the generic type is known. Two oppositely driven, parallel-axis rotors are arranged in a mixing chamber enclosed by a housing. Two end walls, which are interconnected by a jacket wall, form a cylindrical mixing space. Each rotor comprises a rotor shaft and a plurality of segment discs. From each rotor shaft are several segment discs radially from. In this case, the segment discs are associated with segment planes which are at right angles to the rotor shafts with distances in the axial direction from each other. A gap is located between the shell wall and segment discs. In each segment plane, the segment discs of one rotor interact with the segment discs of the other rotor in a gear-wheel-like manner in mutual engagement.

Jede Segmentscheibe eines Rotors ist zur - in axialer Richtung gesehen - benachbarten Segmentscheibe in einer Drehrichtung, beziehungsweise Umfangrichtung versetzt angeordnet und mittels eines Knetbarrens verbunden. Die Knetbarren dienen dazu, mit der Mantelwand des Gehäuses zusammenzuwirken. Bei einer festgelegten Drehrichtung ist die Zusammenwirkung ein Abreinigen einer Schicht von Reaktionsgut, welches an der Mantelwand haftet. Die Knetbarren reinigen weiter auch den anderen Rotor ab. Die Knetbarren sind für eine möglichst vollständige Abreinigung der Mantelwand parallel zur jeweiligen Rotorachse, sowie in Drehrichtung gesehen, an vor- und nachlaufenden Enden der Segmentscheiben angeordnet. Die Knetbarren sind in axialer Richtung durch Lücken voneinander beabstandet, um jeweils einem korrespondierenden Scheibensegment des anderen Rotors ein Eingreifen zu ermöglichen, sowie dessen Flanken abzureinigen.Each segmental disc of a rotor is arranged offset to the - in the axial direction - adjacent segment disc in a rotational direction, or circumferential direction and connected by means of a kneading bar. The kneading bars serve to cooperate with the shell wall of the housing. In a fixed direction of rotation, the interaction is a cleaning of a layer of reaction material, which adheres to the shell wall. The kneading bars further clean off the other rotor as well. The kneading bars are arranged parallel to the respective rotor axis, as well as seen in the direction of rotation, at the leading and trailing ends of the segment discs for a complete cleaning of the jacket wall. The kneading bars are spaced from one another in the axial direction by gaps in order in each case to allow a corresponding disk segment of the other rotor to intervene and to clean off its flanks.

Zwei axial benachbarte Segmentscheiben begrenzen in axialer Richtung eine Kammer. Eine seitliche Begrenzung der Kammern in vor- und nachlaufender Richtung erfolgt nur partiell - und zwar durch zwei in axialer Richtung beabstandete und in Umfangsrichtung versetzte Segmentscheiben, derart, dass die Segmentscheiben auf spiralförmigen Linien liegen, deren Spiralachsen koaxial zu den jeweiligen Rotorachsen liegen.Two axially adjacent segment discs define a chamber in the axial direction. A lateral boundary of the chambers in the leading and trailing direction takes place only partially - by two axially spaced and offset in the circumferential direction segment discs, such that the segment discs lie on spiral lines whose spiral axes are coaxial with the respective rotor axes.

In Umfangsrichtung gesehen ist jede Kammer zu einer in Umfangsrichtung vor- und/oder nachlaufenden Kammer in axialer Richtung um die Steigung der spiralförmigen Linie versetzt. Die Kammern sind dabei derart versetzt angeordnet, dass eine Überschneidung mit der in Umfangsrichtung gesehen vorlaufenden und/oder nachlaufenden Kammer asymmetrisch ist. Diese Asymmetrie führt im Betrieb denn auch zu einem asymmetrischen Förderverhalten, wie dies in Fig. 1 beschrieben wird.As viewed in the circumferential direction, each chamber is offset in the axial direction by a pitch in the circumferential direction and / or trailing chamber about the pitch of the spiral-shaped line. The chambers are arranged offset in such a way that an overlap with the circumferentially leading and / or trailing chamber is asymmetrical. This asymmetry leads during operation to an asymmetric conveying behavior, as in Fig. 1 is described.

Es gibt Fälle, wo ein solches asymmetrisches Förderverhalten unerwünscht ist, da es zu unerwünschter Massenkumulation, beziehungsweise Massenverteilung von Reaktionsgut an gewissen Orten längs des Reaktors führt, worunter die Durchmischung des Reaktionsguts leidet.There are cases where such an asymmetric delivery behavior is undesirable, since it leads to undesirable mass accumulation or mass distribution of reaction material at certain locations along the reactor, which suffers from the mixing of the reaction mixture.

Weiter ist aus der WO 03/035235 ein Mischkneter bekannt. In einem Gehäuse sind zwei achsparallele Wellen angeordnet. Auf den Wellen befinden sich in Drehrichtung und in Achsrichtung aufeinanderfolgende in Richtung der Welle bzw. schräg dazu verlaufende Knetbarren an einem Tragelement. Die Bahnen der Knetbarren an den beiden Wellen überlappen sich zumindest teilweise. Beim Drehen greifen die Knetbarren an der einen Welle zwischen die Tragelemente an der anderen Welle.Next is from the WO 03/035235 a mixing kneader known. In a housing two axially parallel waves are arranged. On the shafts are in the direction of rotation and in the axial direction of successive in the direction of the shaft or obliquely extending Knetbarren on a support element. The tracks of the kneading bars on the two shafts overlap at least partially. When turning the kneading bars on one shaft between the support elements on the other shaft.

Es ist eine Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung einen gattungsgemässen Reaktor zu schaffen, in welchem die Verteilung des Mischgutes im Mischraum entlang der Rotorachsen gezielt beeinflusst werden kann.It is an object of the present invention to provide a generic reactor in which the distribution of the mixed material in the mixing chamber along the rotor axes can be selectively influenced.

Die Aufgabe wird mit einem erfindungsgemässen Reaktor nach Anspruch 1 gelöst. Weiter wird diese Aufgabe mit einem Verfahren nach Anspruch 15 gelöst.The object is achieved with a novel reactor according to claim 1. Further, this object is achieved by a method according to claim 15.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben.Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

Dadurch, dass bei einem erfindungsgemässen Reaktor die Scheibensegmente und die Knetbarren sowohl in einem Längsabschnitt als auch in einem weiteren Längsabschnitt wie folgt angeordnet sind, kann eine Förderwirkung des Mischgutes und/oder Reaktionsgutes erzielt werden.Characterized in that, in a reactor according to the invention, the disk segments and the kneading bars are arranged as follows both in a longitudinal section and in a further longitudinal section, a conveying effect of the mixed material and / or reaction material can be achieved.

In einem grossvolumigen Reaktor nach Anspruch 1 sind die Scheibensegmente und die Knetbarren derart auf den jeweiligen Rotorwellen angeordnet, dass die Förderbewegung in einem Längsabschnitt in axialer Richtung in entgegengesetzter Richtung zur Förderbewegung eines weiteren Längsabschnittes zeigt.In a large-volume reactor according to claim 1, the disk segments and the kneading bars are arranged on the respective rotor shafts such that the conveying movement points in a longitudinal section in the axial direction in the opposite direction to the conveying movement of a further longitudinal section.

Ein besonderer Vorteil entsteht dann, wenn die stets gegensinnig drehenden Rotoren alternierend in beiden Drehrichtungen betrieben werden, so wie dies in Anspruch 15 beansprucht ist. Durch einen solchen Betrieb kann eine besonders intensive Durchmischung erreicht werden.A particular advantage arises when the always oppositely rotating rotors alternately in both Turning operated as claimed in claim 15. By such an operation, a particularly intensive mixing can be achieved.

Mit einem solchen, erfindungsgemässen Reaktor ist es nun möglich, beabsichtigt in axialer Richtung Zonen im Mischraum eines Reaktors zu definieren, die im Betrieb über eine höhere Dichte von Reaktionsgut verfügen, als andere Zonen. Solche Zonen intensiverer Durchmischung, auch Kompaktierzonen genannt, bieten sich als Orte für die Zuführung einer weiteren Komponente oder eines oder mehrerer Zusatzstoffe oder eines anderen, unter Umständen bereits vorgemischten weiteren Reaktionsgutes geradezu an, besonders wenn eine möglichst rasche und innige Mischung und/oder Reaktion mit dem sich bereits in der Kompaktierzone befindlichen Reaktionsgut erzielt werden soll.With such a reactor according to the invention, it is now possible to intentionally define in the axial direction zones in the mixing chamber of a reactor which have a higher density of reaction material during operation than other zones. Such zones of intensive mixing, also called Kompaktierzonen, offer itself as places for the supply of another component or one or more additives or another, possibly already premixed further reaction material downright, especially if a possible rapid and intimate mixture and / or reaction with which is already to be achieved in the Kompaktierzone reaction.

In Zonen ausserhalb der Kompaktierzonen sind mit Vorteil Einlässe, Brüden, sowie allfällige Messpunkte in einem oben liegenden Teil des Gehäuses angeordnet, da bei einer Teilbefüllung des Reaktors an diesen Stellen weniger zu Verklebung und /oder zu Verstopfung neigen, da das Reaktionsgut nicht festbackt und festsitzt. Dadurch kann eine Reinigung eines solchen Reaktors seltener und/oder einfacher werden.In zones outside the Kompaktierzonen inlets, vapors, and any measuring points are arranged in an overhead part of the housing, since at a partial filling of the reactor at these locations less prone to sticking and / or clogging, since the reaction mixture is not caked and stuck , This makes cleaning of such a reactor less frequent and / or easier.

Besonders bei einem Chargenbetrieb kann die Anordnung des Auslasses in einer Zone mit hoher Vermischungsintensität den Vorteil haben, dass eine Austragung des zu einem Produkt verarbeiteten Reaktionsgut aus dem Reaktor begünstigt wird.Particularly in the case of batch operation, the arrangement of the outlet in a zone with high mixing intensity can have the advantage that discharge of the reaction product processed into a product from the reactor is favored.

Ein weiterer Vorteil kann bei einem erfindungsgemässen Reaktor für den Chargenbetrieb darin liegen, dass bei einem aus mehreren Komponenten mit unterschiedlichen Viskositäten bestehenden Reaktionsgut, insbesondere einer flüssigen und einer pastösen Komponente, bei teilweise gefülltem Mischraum ein oder mehrere Längsabschnitte mit einer den vorangegangenen Längsabschnitten entgegengesetzten Richtung der Förderbewegung gezielt auf den Rotoren angeordnet werden können, um ein sogenanntes Durchschwappen der flüssigen Komponente zu verhindern. Eine solche Kompaktierzone wirkt somit gegen gewisse flüssige Komponenten sperrend und sorgt dafür, dass die flüssigen Komponenten erst nach deren Einbindung in das Reaktionsgut diese Kompaktierzone durchschreiten können.A further advantage of a reactor according to the invention for batch operation can be that in the case of a reaction mixture comprising a plurality of components having different viscosities, in particular a liquid and a pasty component, with a partially filled mixing space, one or more longitudinal sections having a direction opposite to the preceding longitudinal sections Conveying movement can be specifically arranged on the rotors to prevent so-called spillover of the liquid component. Such a compacting zone thus acts blocking against certain liquid components and ensures that the liquid components can pass through this compacting zone only after their incorporation into the reaction mixture.

Durch die Bildung von Kompaktierzonen kann erreicht werden, dass eine durch eine Teilreaktion entstandene oder von aussen zugeführte flüssige Komponente in einem bestimmten Bereich des Mischraums verbleibt, bis sie verdampft oder durch das Reaktionsgut aufgenommen ist.By forming Kompaktierzonen can be achieved that a resulting from a partial reaction or externally supplied liquid component remains in a certain area of the mixing chamber until it is evaporated or absorbed by the reaction mixture.

Ferner besteht die Möglichkeit, die Zufuhr von Komponenten oder Zusatzstoffen in Zonen ausserhalb der Kompaktierzonen anzuordnen, da bei einer Vollbefüllung des Reaktors weniger Widerstand seitens des sich in diesem Bereich des Mischraums befindlichen Reaktionsgut/Mischguts entgegenwirkt und kann deshalb mit einfacheren Mitteln durchgeführt werden.
Bei einem andern grossvolumigen Reaktor weisen alle benachbarten Längsabschnitte eine Förderbewegung in derselben Richtung auf, wobei die Förderbewegung in den verschiedenen Längsabschnitten unterschiedlich gross, beziehungsweise unterschiedlich stark ist. Weiter kann durch eine entsprechende Anordnung von Scheibensegmenten und Knetbarren in aufeinanderfolgenden Längsabschnitten eine progressive oder degressive Förderwirkung in axialer Richtung erzielt werden.It is also possible to arrange the supply of components or additives in zones outside the Kompaktierzonen, as counteracts a full filling of the reactor less resistance from the located in this area of the mixing space Reaktionsgut / mix and can therefore be carried out with simpler means.
In another large-volume reactor, all adjacent longitudinal sections have a conveying movement in the same direction, wherein the conveying movement in the various longitudinal sections is of different sizes or different strengths. Further, by a corresponding arrangement of disk segments and kneading bars in successive longitudinal sections a progressive or degressive conveying action in the axial direction can be achieved.

Dadurch ist es möglich, an gewünschten Orten längs des Reaktors Kompaktierzonen zu generieren und beabsichtigt Zonen ausserhalb der Kompaktierzonen zu schaffen.This makes it possible to generate at the desired locations along the reactor Kompaktierzonen and intends to create zones outside the Kompaktierzonen.

Es ist nun möglich, Zonen mit unterschiedlich starker Förderwirkung zu schaffen. Zonen mit langsamerer Förderwirkung können sich beispielsweise in Kompaktierzonen befinden.It is now possible to create zones with different degrees of conveying effect. Zones with a slower conveying effect can be located, for example, in compaction zones.

In Zonen ausserhalb der Kompaktierzonen sind mit Vorteil Einlässe, Brüden, sowie allfällige Messpunkten in einem oben liegenden Teil des Gehäuses angeordnet, da bei einer Teilbefüllung des Reaktors an diesen Stellen weniger zu Verklebung und /oder zu Verstopfung neigen, da das Reaktionsgut nicht festbackt und festsitzt. Dadurch kann eine Reinigung eines solchen Reaktors seltener und/oder einfacher werden.In zones outside the Kompaktierzonen inlets, vapors, as well as any measuring points are arranged in an overhead part of the housing, since at a partial filling of the reactor at these locations less prone to sticking and / or clogging, since the reaction material is not caked and stuck , This makes cleaning of such a reactor less frequent and / or easier.

Ferner besteht die Möglichkeit, die Zufuhr von Komponenten oder Zusatzstoffen in Zonen ausserhalb der Kompaktierzonen anzuordnen, da bei einer Vollbefüllung des Reaktors weniger Widerstand seitens des sich in diesem Bereich des Mischraums befindlichen Reaktionsgut/Mischguts entgegenwirkt und kann deshalb mit einfacheren Mitteln durchgeführt werden.It is also possible to arrange the supply of components or additives in zones outside the Kompaktierzonen, as counteracts a full filling of the reactor less resistance from the located in this area of the mixing space Reaktionsgut / mix and can therefore be carried out with simpler means.

Durch eine Anordnung des Auslasses in einer Kompaktierzone kann ein Produktaustrag begünstigt werden. Auch in einem solchen anderen Reaktor sind die Vorteile vom Reaktor nach Anspruch 1 möglich.By arranging the outlet in a compacting zone, a product discharge can be promoted. Also in such another reactor, the advantages of the reactor according to claim 1 are possible.

Im folgenden werden im Zusammenhang mit einem erfindungsgemässen Reaktor für einen zweiphasig betriebenen GVR die folgenden drei physikalischen Transportmechanismen berücksichtigt:

  1. a) Kinematische Förderung
  2. b) Förderung durch Axialdispersion
  3. c) Viskoses Fliessen unter Schwerkrafteinfluss
In the following, the following three physical transport mechanisms are considered in connection with a reactor according to the invention for a two-phase GVR:
  1. a) Kinematic promotion
  2. b) promotion by axial dispersion
  3. c) Viscous flow under the influence of gravity

Der Anteil eines jeden dieser Mechanismen an der Gesamtförderung, das heisst, der resultierenden Förderbewegung wird dabei massgeblich von der Reaktorgeometrie (Durchmesser, Spiele, Neigung, Abstände der Segmentscheiben, etc.), sowie von den rheologischen Eigenschaften des Reaktionsguts (Pulver/Granulat, Schmelze, Viskosität, Fliessverhalten, etc.) beeinflusst.The proportion of each of these mechanisms in the overall promotion, that is, the resulting conveying movement is thereby significantly on the reactor geometry (diameter, games, inclination, spacing of the segment discs, etc.), as well as the rheological properties of the reaction (powder / granules, melt , Viscosity, flow behavior, etc.).

Die kinematische Förderung beruht auf der Beobachtung, dass bewegte, zum Beispiel rotierende Maschinenteile (zum Beispiel die Knetbarren) unter einem vorgegebenen Anstellwinkel (Neigung) an ruhenden Wänden (Mantelwand) vorbeistreichen und einen Netto-Fluss des Reaktionsguts mit einer kinematischen Förderkomponente in Axialrichtung bewirken. Charakteristisch für die kinematische Förderung ist die Abhängigkeit der Förderrichtung vom Drehsinn der Rotoren. Bei Drehrichtungsumkehr ändert sich die Richtung der Förderbewegung und des daraus resultierenden Flusses des Reaktionsguts.The kinematic promotion is based on the observation that moving, for example, rotating machine parts (for example, the kneading bars) at a predetermined angle of attack (inclination) to resting Walls (shell wall) strike past and cause a net flow of the reaction material with a kinematic conveying component in the axial direction. Characteristic of the kinematic promotion is the dependence of the conveying direction on the direction of rotation of the rotors. When the direction of rotation reverses, the direction of the conveying movement and the resulting flow of the reaction material changes.

Die rotierenden Knetbarren schieben entlang der Mantelwand des Gehäuses mit einer an den Knetbarren ausgebildeten Abreinigungskante das Reaktionsgut vor sich her (kinematische Förderung). Der radiale Anstellwinkel der Schubflanken führt dazu, dass ein Teilstrom des vor den Knetbarren befindlichen Reaktionsguts radial zur Rotorwelle abgelenkt wird und unter den Knetbarren hindurch entweichen kann. Eine durch die Schrägstellung/Neigung der Knetbarren hervorgerufene kinematische Förderkomponente in axialer Richtung kann eine axialdispersive Förderkomponente, welche durch die Anordnung der Segmentscheiben auf den Rotorwellen hervorgerufen wird, unterstützen oder hemmen.The rotating kneading bars slide along the jacket wall of the housing with a cleaning edge formed on the kneading bar in front of them (kinematic conveying). The radial angle of attack of the shear flanks leads to a partial flow of the reaction material located in front of the kneading bars being deflected radially relative to the rotor shaft and being able to escape under the kneading bars. A caused by the inclination / inclination of the kneading bars kinematic conveying component in the axial direction can support or inhibit an axially dispersive conveying component, which is caused by the arrangement of the segment discs on the rotor shafts.

Im Überdeckungsbereich der beiden Rotoren bilden sich Kammern. Jede Segmentscheibe und jeder Knetbarren des einen Rotors, die in diese Kammern des anderen Rotors eindringen, verdrängen das in der Kammer befindliche Reaktionsgut durch ihr Eigenvolumen. Das verdrängte Volumen kann in der Drehrichtung einzig durch die Öffnungen zwischen der in Umfangrichtung vorlaufenden Segmentscheibe und den axial begrenzenden Segmentscheiben der Kammer entweichen. Da jedoch diese Öffnungen unterschiedlich gross sind, entweicht die Mehrheit das Reaktionsgutes bevorzugt in Richtung der grösseren Öffnung, da es dort auf weniger Widerstand stösst. Damit ergibt sich eine Förderbewegung in Richtung der grösseren Öffnungen. Die axiale Komponente dieser Förderbewegung wird als axialdispersive Förderkomponente bezeichnet.In the overlap area of the two rotors chambers form. Each segment disc and each kneading bar of the one rotor, which penetrate into these chambers of the other rotor, displace the reaction material located in the chamber by its own volume. The displaced volume can escape in the direction of rotation only through the openings between the circumferentially leading segment disc and the axially limiting segment discs of the chamber. However, since these openings are of different sizes, the majority of the reaction material escapes preferentially in the direction of the larger opening, as there encounters less resistance there. This results in a conveying movement in the direction of the larger openings. The axial component of this conveying movement is referred to as axially dispersive conveying component.

Durch eine entsprechende Anordnung der "Kammern" und durch eine entsprechende geometrische Gestaltung der Knetbarren und/oder der Segmentscheiben lassen sich das Förderverhalten und die Aufteilung des Flusses des Reaktionsguts bei den einzelnen Segmentscheiben gezielt steuern.By an appropriate arrangement of the "chambers" and by a corresponding geometric design of the kneading and / or the segment discs, the delivery behavior and the distribution of the flow of the reaction mixture in the individual segment discs can be controlled.

Die Gravitation oder Schwerkraft hat die Tendenz, axiale Füllgradunterschiede im Mischraum des Reaktors auszugleichen. Mit zunehmender Viskosität des Reaktionsguts oder bei schwer fliessenden Pulvern oder Granulaten wird der Beitrag der Schwerkraftförderung zum Gesamtproduktfluss geringer. Dieser Transportmechanismus ist drehsinn- und drehzahlunabhängig.Gravity or gravity tends to equalize axial fill level differences in the mixing space of the reactor. With increasing viscosity of the reaction material or in hard-flowing powders or granules, the contribution of gravity to the overall product flow decreases. This transport mechanism is independent of direction of rotation and speed.

Weitere Eigenschaften und Vorteile der vorliegenden Erfindung gehen aus den folgenden Beschreibungen der Zeichnung hervor. Sie zeigt rein schematisch:

Fig. 1
in Abwicklung einen aus EP 0715881 bekannten Rotor mit symbolisch angedeuteter Massenausbreitung;
Fig. 2
im Längsschnitt das Gehäuse eines erfindungsgemässen Reaktors und eine erste Ausführungsform eines Rotors;
Fig. 3
im Querschnitt entlang der Schnittlinie II-II den in Fig. 2 dargestellten Reaktor;
Fig. 4
in Abwicklung den in der Fig. 2 gezeigten Rotor, welcher bezüglich einer in der Längsmitte angeordneten Abschnitttrennebene symmetrisch ausgebildet ist, sowie parallel zur Längsachse angeordnete Knetbarren aufweist, plus eine symbolisch angedeutete Massenausbreitung für eine Umdrehung;
Fig. 5
in Abwicklung eine zweite Ausführungsform eines Rotors eines erfindungsgemässen Reaktors mit einer ausserhalb der Längsmitte angeordneten Abschnitttrennebene;
Fig. 6
in Abwicklung eine dritte Ausführungsform eines Rotors eines erfindungsgemässen Reaktors, der sehr ähnlich ausgebildet ist, wie der Rotor gemäss Fig. 4, wobei die Knetbarren bezüglich der Längsachse geneigt angeordnet sind;
Fig. 7
in Abwicklung eine vierte Ausführungsform eines Rotors eines erfindungsgemässen Reaktors, der sehr ähnlich ausgebildet ist, wie der Rotor gemäss Fig. 6, wobei die Knetbarren bezüglich der Längsachse in entgegengesetzter Richtung geneigt angeordnet sind;
Fig. 8
in Abwicklung eine fünfte Ausführungsform eines Rotors eines erfindungsgemässen Reaktors, der drei in Längsrichtung beabstandeten Abschnitttrennebenen aufweist, wobei die jeweils an eine Abschnitttrennebene grenzenden Längsabschnitte bezüglich dieser Abschnitttrennebene symmetrisch angeordnet sind und deren Knetbarren parallel zur Längsachse angeordnet sind;
Fig. 9
in Abwicklung eine sechste Ausführungsform eines Rotors eines erfindungsgemässen Reaktors, der sehr ähnlich ausgebildet ist, wie der Rotor gemäss Fig. 8, wobei die Knetbarren bezüglich der Längsachse geneigt angeordnet sind;
Fig. 10
in Abwicklung eine siebte Ausführungsform eines Rotors eines erfindungsgemässen Reaktors, der sehr ähnlich ausgebildet ist, wie der Rotor gemäss Fig. 9, wobei die Knetbarren bezüglich der Längsachse in entgegengesetzter Richtung geneigt angeordnet sind;
Fig. 11
eine Darstellung der axialen Förderwirkungen eines Reaktors mit einem Rotor gemäss Fig. 10 im Betrieb bei einer Drehrichtung;
Fig. 12
eine Darstellung der axialen Förderwirkungen desselben Reaktors bei einer entgegengesetzten Drehrichtung;
Fig. 13
eine Darstellung der axialen Förderwirkungen eines Reaktors mit einem Rotor, auf welchem Längsabschnitte wie die des Rotors gemäss Fig. 6 jeweils paarweise an weiteren Längsabschnitten wie die des Rotors gemäss Fig. 7 grenzen, im Betrieb bei einer Drehrichtung;
Fig. 14
in Abwicklung eine achte Ausführungsform eines Rotors eines erfindungsgemässen Reaktors, der parallel zur Längsachse angeordnete Knetbarren mit in axialer Richtung in unterschiedlichen Abständen angeordnete Segmentscheiben aufweist;
Other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following descriptions of the drawings. It shows purely schematically:
Fig. 1
in settlement one off EP 0715881 known rotor with symbolically indicated mass propagation;
Fig. 2
in longitudinal section, the housing of a reactor according to the invention and a first embodiment of a rotor;
Fig. 3
in cross section along the section line II-II the in Fig. 2 represented reactor;
Fig. 4
in settlement in the Fig. 2 shown rotor, which is formed symmetrically with respect to a arranged in the longitudinal center section separation plane, and arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis kneading bar, plus a symbolically indicated mass propagation for one revolution;
Fig. 5
in development, a second embodiment of a rotor of a reactor according to the invention with a section separating plane arranged outside the longitudinal center;
Fig. 6
in development, a third embodiment of a rotor of a reactor according to the invention, which is designed very similar to the rotor according to Fig. 4 wherein the kneading bars are inclined with respect to the longitudinal axis;
Fig. 7
in development, a fourth embodiment of a rotor of a reactor according to the invention, which is designed very similar to the rotor according to Fig. 6 wherein the kneading bars are arranged inclined with respect to the longitudinal axis in the opposite direction;
Fig. 8
in development, a fifth embodiment of a rotor of a reactor according to the invention having three longitudinally spaced parting planes, wherein each adjacent to a section separating plane longitudinal sections are arranged symmetrically with respect to this section separating plane and their kneading bars are arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis;
Fig. 9
in development, a sixth embodiment of a rotor of a reactor according to the invention, which is designed very similar to the rotor according to Fig. 8 wherein the kneading bars are inclined with respect to the longitudinal axis;
Fig. 10
in development a seventh embodiment of a rotor of a reactor according to the invention, which is designed very similar to the rotor according to Fig. 9 , wherein the kneading bars with respect to the longitudinal axis in opposite Direction are arranged inclined;
Fig. 11
a representation of the axial conveying effects of a reactor with a rotor according to Fig. 10 in operation in one direction of rotation;
Fig. 12
a representation of the axial conveying effects of the same reactor in an opposite direction of rotation;
Fig. 13
a representation of the axial conveying effects of a reactor with a rotor, on which longitudinal sections as that of the rotor according to Fig. 6 in pairs at other longitudinal sections as the rotor according to Fig. 7 limits, in operation in one direction of rotation;
Fig. 14
in development, an eighth embodiment of a rotor of a reactor according to the invention, which has kneading bars arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis and with segmented disks arranged at different distances in the axial direction;

Fig. 1 zeigt den zwischen zwei Stirnwänden 10, 12 eines Gehäuses 14 eines grossvolumigen Reaktors 16 (siehe Fig.2) angeordneten aktiven Abschnitt des einen von zwei Rotoren 18, 20 in Abwicklung. In Fig. 1 ist die Drehrichtung des Rotors 18 ist mit einem Pfeil D1 angegeben. Der Rotor 18 weist mehrere, von einer Rotorwelle 22 in radialer Richtung rechtwinklig abstehende Segmentscheiben 28, 30, 32, 34 auf (Siehe auch Fig. 2 und 3). Die Segmentscheiben sind Segmentebenen 36, 38, 40, 42, 44 zugeordnet, welche bezüglich einer Rotorachse 46 (siehe Fig.2) rechtwinklig angeordnet und in axialer Richtung voneinander beabstandet sind. Fig. 1 shows the between two end walls 10, 12 of a housing 14 of a large-volume reactor 16 (see Fig.2 ) arranged active portion of the one of two rotors 18, 20 in settlement. In Fig. 1 is the direction of rotation of the rotor 18 is indicated by an arrow D1. The rotor 18 has a plurality of segment disks 28, 30, 32, 34 projecting at right angles from a rotor shaft 22 in the radial direction (see also FIGS Fig. 2 and 3 ). The segment discs are associated with segmental planes 36, 38, 40, 42, 44, which with respect to a rotor axis 46 (see Fig.2 ) are arranged at right angles and spaced apart in the axial direction.

Jede der Segmentscheiben 26 auf der Rotorwelle 22, ist mit Ausnahme der randseitigen Segmentscheiben 47, welche randständigen Segmentebenen 48 beziehungsweise 50 bei den Stirnwänden 10, 12 zugeordnet sind - in axialer Richtung gesehen - zu beiden benachbarten Segmentscheiben 28, 30 auf dem selben Rotor 18 in Umfangs-, beziehungsweise Drehrichtung D1 versetzt angeordnet und mit einem Knetbarren 52, 54 verbunden. So ist beispielsweise ein in Umfangsrichtung vorlaufendes Ende 56 der Segmentscheibe 26 über einen Knetbarren 52 mit der axial benachbarten Segmentscheibe 30 verbunden, während ein in Umfangsrichtung nachlaufendes Ende 58 der Segmentscheibe 26 über den Knetbarren 54 mit der axial benachbarten Segmentscheibe 28 verbunden ist. Die Knetbarren 54, 56 stehen in axialer Richtung über die jeweiligen Segmentscheiben 26, 28, 30 vor. In axialer Richtung sind jeweils axial benachbarte, zueinander in Umfangsrichtung unversetzte Knetbarren 52, 52' durch eine Lücke 60 voneinander beabstandet. Die Länge der Knetbarren 52, 54 ist dabei so gewählt, dass im Betrieb zur Reinigung der jeweils korrespondierenden Segmentscheiben des anderen Rotors 20 beitragen. Alle Knetbarren 52, 54 sind parallel zur Rotorachse 46 angeordnet und dazu bestimmt, mit einer sich zwischen den Stirnwänden 10, 12 befindlichen Mantelwand 90 des Gehäuses 14 zusammen zu wirken.Each of the segment discs 26 on the rotor shaft 22, with the exception of the edge segment discs 47, which are associated with edge walls segment 48 and 50 at the end walls 10, 12 - seen in the axial direction - to both adjacent segment discs 28, 30 on the same rotor 18 in Circumferential or rotational direction D1 arranged offset and connected to a kneading bar 52, 54. Thus, for example, a circumferentially leading end 56 of the segment disc 26 is connected via a kneading bar 52 with the axially adjacent segment disc 30, while a circumferentially trailing end 58 of the segment disc 26 is connected via the kneading bar 54 with the axially adjacent segment disc 28. The kneading bars 54, 56 protrude in the axial direction over the respective segment discs 26, 28, 30. In the axial direction, axially adjacent kneading bars 52, 52 ', which are mutually offset in the circumferential direction, are spaced apart from one another by a gap 60. The length of the kneading bars 52, 54 is chosen so that contribute during operation for cleaning the respective segment discs of the other rotor 20. All kneading bars 52, 54 are arranged parallel to the rotor axis 46 and intended to cooperate with a casing wall 90 of the housing 14 located between the end walls 10, 12.

Die randseitigen Segmentscheiben 47 sind jeweils nur mit einer einzigen in axialer Richtung benachbarten Segmentscheibe 32 mittels eines Knetbarrens 66 verbunden. Das in Umfangsrichtung nachlaufende Ende 58' der randseitigen Segmentscheibe 47 trägt jeweils einen Knetbarren 68, welcher keine axiale Verbindung zu einer benachbarten Segmentscheibe schafft.The edge-side segment discs 47 are each connected to a single segment disc 32, which is adjacent in the axial direction, by means of a kneading bar 66. The circumferentially trailing end 58 'of the peripheral segment disc 47 carries in each case a kneading bar 68, which does not provide an axial connection to an adjacent segment disc.

Die Anordnung und Formgebung der Segmentscheiben 26, 32 auf der Rotorwelle 22 führt zu einer sich in axialer Richtung erstreckenden Kammer 70. Eine seitliche Begrenzung der Kammer 70 erfolgt nur teilweise und zwar in Form der der Kammer 70 in Drehrichtung D1 vorgelagerten, benachbarten Segmentscheibe 34 und der nachlaufenden Segmentscheibe 28.The arrangement and shaping of the segment discs 26, 32 on the rotor shaft 22 leads to an axially extending chamber 70. A lateral boundary of the chamber 70 is only partially and in the form of the chamber 70 in the direction of rotation D1 upstream, adjacent segment disc 34 and the trailing segment disc 28th

Im Betrieb des Reaktors 16 gemäss EP 0715881 dringen nun die Segmentscheiben und Knetbarren des einen Rotors 20 in diese Kammern 70 des Rotors 18, wodurch das darin befindliche Reaktionsgut verdrängt wird. Das verdrängte Volumen an Reaktionsgut kann in der Drehrichtung D1 entgegengesetzten Richtung einzig durch zwei Durchgänge 72, 74 beziehungsweise Öffnungen entweichen. Die Durchgänge 72, 74 sind in radialer Richtung durch die Rotorwelle 22 und die Knetbarren 52, 54 begrenzt. In axialer Richtung wird der erste Durchgang 72 durch die Segmentscheibe 26 und die in Drehrichtung D1 nachlaufende Segmentscheibe 28 begrenzt, während der zweite Durchgang 74 durch die Segmentscheibe 32 und die Segmentscheibe 28 begrenzt wird. Da jedoch diese Durchgänge in axialer Richtung unterschiedlich lang sind, entweicht die Mehrheit des Reaktionsgutes bevorzugt in Richtung der grösseren Öffnung, da es dort auf weniger hydraulischen Widerstand durch Einbauten stösst.In operation of the reactor 16 according to EP 0715881 Now penetrate the segment discs and kneading of a rotor 20 in these chambers 70 of the rotor 18, whereby the reaction material therein is displaced. The displaced volume of reaction material can escape in the opposite direction in the direction of rotation D1 only through two passages 72, 74 or openings. The passages 72, 74 are limited in the radial direction by the rotor shaft 22 and the kneading bars 52, 54. In the axial direction of the first passage 72 is limited by the segment disc 26 and trailing in the direction of rotation D1 segment disc 28, while the second passage 74 is limited by the segment disc 32 and the segment disc 28. However, since these passages have different lengths in the axial direction, the majority of the reaction material preferably escapes in the direction of the larger opening, since it encounters less hydraulic resistance through internals.

Aufgrund der unterschiedlichen Durchgänge 72, 74 der Kammer 70 in Drehrichtung D1 wird das verdrängte Reaktionsgut nicht symmetrisch zur in Querrichtung zur Kammer in Umfangsrichtung vorauseilenden Segmentscheibe 28 verdrängt, sondern asymmetrisch. Die Asymmetrie hat dabei einen Bezug zur Grösse der Durchgänge 72, 74. Daraus ergibt sich ein asymmetrisches Förderverhalten mit einer Förderbewegung 78. In Fig. 1 ist dieses Förderverhalten symbolisch durch ein Massenverschiebungsmuster 76 gezeigt, welches die Massenverteilung einer Menge M von Reaktionsgut vor und nach einer vollen Umdrehung der Rotoren 18, 20 verdeutlicht.Due to the different passages 72, 74 of the chamber 70 in the direction of rotation D1, the displaced reaction mixture is not displaced symmetrically with respect to the segment disk 28 leading in the circumferential direction transversely to the chamber, but asymmetrically. The asymmetry has a relation to the size of the passages 72, 74. This results in an asymmetric conveying behavior with a conveying movement 78 Fig. 1 this conveying behavior is shown symbolically by a mass displacement pattern 76, which illustrates the mass distribution of a quantity M of reaction material before and after a full rotation of the rotors 18, 20.

Die resultierende axiale Verschiebung des Reaktionsguts in einer Richtung parallel zur Rotorachse wurde verursacht durch eine Förderbewegung 78, welche eine axialdispersive Förderkomponente 80 aufweist.The resulting axial displacement of the reaction material in a direction parallel to the rotor axis was caused by a conveying movement 78, which has an axially dispersive conveying component 80.

Da im Rotor 18 zu Fig. 1 die Knetbarren 52, 54, 52' 66, 68 parallel zur Rotorachse 46 angeordnet sind (α = 0) bewirken sie keine kinematische Förderung des Reaktionsgutes in der axialen Richtung.Because in the rotor 18 to Fig. 1 the kneading bars 52, 54, 52 '66, 68 are arranged parallel to the rotor axis 46 (α = 0) cause no kinematic promotion of the reaction material in the axial direction.

Aus der Rotorabwicklung nach Fig. 1 wird ersichtlich, dass die Segmentscheiben 26, 28, 30 jeweils in sich wiederholenden, gleich bleibenden Abständen sowohl in Umfangsrichtung zueinander versetzt, sowie axial zueinander versetzt sind. Die Kammern 70 auf dem Rotor 18 weisen mit Ausnahme von randseitigen Kammern bei den Stirnwänden 10, 12 überall dieselbe Länge auf. Dies bedeutet, dass die Segmentscheiben jedes Rotors 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 47 auf Spirallinien mit einer konstanten Steigung liegen, deren Spiralachsen koaxial zur axialen Richtung des Rotors liegen.From the rotor development to Fig. 1 It can be seen that the segment discs 26, 28, 30 are offset from each other in repetitive, equal distances both in the circumferential direction and axially offset from each other. The chambers 70 on the rotor 18, with the exception of marginal chambers at the end walls 10, 12 throughout the same length. This means that the segment discs of each rotor 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 47 lie on spiral lines with a constant pitch whose spiral axes are coaxial with the axial direction of the rotor.

Fig. 2 und 3 sind Ansichten eines erfindungsgemässen Reaktors. Der Reaktor 16 weist ein Gehäuse 14 auf, welches mittels einer ersten Stirnwand 10, einer zweiten Stirnwand 12 und einer diese Stirnwände 10, 12 verbindende Mantelwand 90 den zylinderförmigen Mischraum 92 umschliesst. Dabei liegt das im wesentlichen zylinderförmige Gehäuse 14 horizontal ausgerichtet auf einer fundamentartigen Unterlage 94. Fig. 2 and 3 are views of a reactor according to the invention. The reactor 16 has a housing 14, which surrounds the cylindrical mixing chamber 92 by means of a first end wall 10, a second end wall 12 and a jacket wall 90 connecting these end walls 10, 12. In this case, the substantially cylindrical housing 14 is aligned horizontally on a foundation-like pad 94th

In der hier dargestellten Ausführungsform ist das Gehäuse 14 in einem mittleren Bereich 96 der Mantelwand 90 des Mischraumes 92 doppelwandig ausgeführt, um dem Reaktor 16 im Betrieb die zur Erreichung der gewünschten Reaktion allenfalls zusätzlich benötigte thermische Energie zuzuführen oder zu entziehen. Dazu weist das Gehäuse 14 im Bereich 96 der Mantelwand 90 einen Heiz-/Kühleinlass 98 auf, durch welchen ein Medium zur Heizung oder Kühlung des Mischraums 92 einer Doppelwandzone 100 zugeführt wird, sowie einen Heiz-/Kühlauslass 102, über den das Medium anschliessend wieder abgeführt werden kann. Das Medium wird dabei über einen, hier nicht dargestellten, geschlossenen Kreislauf einem ebenfalls nicht dargestellten Rückkühler/Wärmetauscher zugeführt.In the embodiment shown here, the housing 14 is double-walled in a middle region 96 of the jacket wall 90 of the mixing chamber 92 in order to supply or withdraw the reactor 16 in operation at most the required additional thermal energy to achieve the desired reaction. For this purpose, the housing 14 in the region 96 of the jacket wall 90 to a heating / cooling inlet 98, through which a medium for heating or cooling of the mixing chamber 92 a double wall zone 100 is supplied, and a heating / cooling outlet 102, via which the medium then again can be dissipated. The medium is fed via a, not shown, closed circuit to a likewise not shown recooler / heat exchanger.

Zur Beschickung mit Komponenten und Zusatzstoffen zur Erzeugung eines Produktes, im folgenden Reaktionsgut genannt, weist das Gehäuse 14 einen Einlass 104 auf, der bei der ersten Stirnwand 10 in einem oben liegenden Bereich des Gehäuses 14 angeordnet ist.For charging with components and additives for the production of a product, referred to below as reactant, the housing 14 has an inlet 104, which is arranged at the first end wall 10 in an overhead region of the housing 14.

Zur Entnahme des aus dem Reaktionsgut hervorgegangenen Produktes weist das Gehäuse 14 einen Auslass 106 auf, welcher gehäuseunterhälftig bei der zweiten Stirnwand 12 angeordnet ist.In order to remove the product which has emerged from the reaction mixture, the housing 14 has an outlet 106, which is arranged at half of the housing at the second end wall 12.

Zur Entnahme von bei der Verarbeitung entstandenen Gasen weist das in Fig. 1 gezeigte Reaktorgehäuse 14 einen Brüdenstutzen 108 auf, der zwischen der ersten Stirnwand 10 und der zweiten Stirnwand 12 in einem oben liegenden Bereich des Gehäuses 14 angeordnet ist.For the removal of gases generated during processing, the in Fig. 1 shown reactor housing 14 a vapor pipe 108 which is disposed between the first end wall 10 and the second end wall 12 in an overhead region of the housing 14.

Je nach Beschaffenheit des Produkts oder der Mischung kann das Reaktionsprodukt mittels nicht weiter gezeigten Fördermitteln, wie zum Beispiel einer Austragsschnecke ausgetragen werden.Depending on the nature of the product or the mixture, the reaction product can be discharged by means not shown further, such as a discharge screw.

Wie Fig. 2 und Fig. 3 zeigen, sind im Gehäuse 14 ein erster walzenförmiger Rotor 18 und ein zweiter walzenförmiger Rotor 20 derart gelagert, dass sich deren Rotorwellen 22, 24 voneinander beabstandet sind und zentrisch im Mischraum 92 angeordnet sind, sowie achsparallel zueinander und zum im wesentlichen zylinderförmigen Mischraum 92 angeordnet sind. Der erste Rotor 18 ist eine spiegelsymmetrische Ausführung des zweiten Rotors 20. Die Rotorwellen 22, 24 definieren eine axiale Richtung und drehen um die Rotorachsen 46, 46' mit gleicher Drehzahl, aber in unterschiedlichen Drehrichtungen D1, D2.As Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 show, in the housing 14, a first roller-shaped rotor 18 and a second roller-shaped rotor 20 are mounted such that their rotor shafts 22, 24 are spaced apart and are arranged centrally in the mixing chamber 92, and axially parallel to each other and the substantially cylindrical mixing chamber 92 are arranged , The first rotor 18 is a mirror-symmetrical design of the second rotor 20. The rotor shafts 22, 24 define an axial direction and rotate about the rotor axes 46, 46 'at the same speed, but in different rotational directions D1, D2.

Für den Antrieb der Rotorwellen 22, 24 wird beispielsweise ein von einem Motor 120 angetriebenes Getriebe 122 eingesetzt.For driving the rotor shafts 22, 24, for example, a gear 122 driven by a motor 120 is used.

Jede Rotorwelle 22, 24 weist mehrere, in radialer Richtung rechtwinklig abstehende Segmentscheiben 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 47 usw. auf. Im Querschnitt Fig. 3 des Reaktors entlang einer Schnittlinie 11-11 von Fig. 2 sind den Rotorwellen 92, 94 jeweils drei Segmentscheiben 124, 126, 128, 124', 126', 128' zugeordnet, welche auf dem Umfang der jeweiligen Rotorwellen 22, 24 gleichmässig verteilt angeordnet sind. Die Segmentscheiben 124, 126, 128, 124', 126', 128' sind baugleich ausgeführt. In axialer Richtung gesehen, sind sie gegen die Rotorwellen 22, 24 hin verjüngend ausgebildet, um Anforderungen seitens der Festigkeit wie auch der Abreinigungsfähigkeit zu erfüllen.Each rotor shaft 22, 24 has a plurality of segment discs 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 47, etc. protruding at right angles in the radial direction. In cross section Fig. 3 of the reactor along a section line 11-11 of Fig. 2 are the rotor shafts 92, 94 each have three segment discs 124, 126, 128, 124 ', 126', 128 'assigned, which are arranged distributed uniformly on the circumference of the respective rotor shafts 22, 24. Die Segmentscheiben 124, 126, 128 bzw. The segment discs 124, 126, 128, 124 ', 126', 128 'are of identical construction. Viewed in the axial direction, they are tapered towards the rotor shafts 22, 24 in order to meet requirements on the part of strength as well as the cleaning ability.

Die Segmentscheiben 124, 126, 128, 124', 126', 128' sind Segmentebenen wie beispielsweise der Segmentebene 130 zugeordnet, welche bezüglich einer Rotorachse 46 rechtwinklig angeordnet und in axialer Richtung voneinander beabstandet sind. Alle Segmentscheiben 26 der Rotorwelle 22 sind, mit Ausnahme der randseitigen Segmentscheiben 47, welche den Segmentebenen 48 beziehungsweise 50 bei den Stirnwänden 10, 12 zugeordnet sind - in axialer Richtung gesehen - zu beiden benachbarten Segmentscheiben 28, 30 auf dem selben Rotor 22 in Umfangs-, beziehungsweise Drehrichtung D1 versetzt angeordnet und mit einem Knetbarren 52, 54 verbunden. Die in Fig. 1 gezeigten Knetbarren 52, 54 sind parallel zur Rotorachse 46 und somit in einer Neutralstellung angeordnet.The segment discs 124, 126, 128, 124 ', 126', 128 'are associated with segment planes such as the segment plane 130, which are arranged at right angles with respect to a rotor axis 46 and spaced apart in the axial direction. All segment discs 26 of the rotor shaft 22, with the exception of the edge-side segment discs 47, which are the segmental planes 48 and 50 assigned to the end walls 10, 12 - seen in the axial direction - to both adjacent segment discs 28, 30 on the same rotor 22 in circumferential , or rotational direction D1 is arranged offset and connected to a kneading bar 52, 54. In the Fig. 1 shown kneading bars 52, 54 are arranged parallel to the rotor axis 46 and thus in a neutral position.

Die Knetbarren 52, 54 stehen in axialer Richtung über die jeweiligen Segmentscheiben 26, 28, 30 vor. In axialer Richtung sind jeweils axial benachbarte, zueinander in Umfangsrichtung unversetzte Knetbarren 52, 52' durch eine Lücke 60 voneinander beabstandet. Die Länge der Knetbarren 52, 52', 54 ist dabei so gewählt, dass im Betrieb zur Reinigung der jeweils korrespondierenden Segmentscheiben des anderen Rotors 20 beitragen. Alle Knetbarren 52, 52', 54, 68 sind parallel zur Rotorachse 46 angeordnet und dazu bestimmt, mit einer sich zwischen den Stirnwänden 10, 12 befindlichen Mantelwand 90 des Gehäuses 14 zusammen zu wirken.The kneading bars 52, 54 project in the axial direction over the respective segment discs 26, 28, 30. In the axial direction, axially adjacent kneading bars 52, 52 ', which are mutually offset in the circumferential direction, are spaced apart from one another by a gap 60. The length of the kneading bars 52, 52 ', 54 is chosen so that contribute during operation for cleaning the respective segment discs of the other rotor 20. All kneading bars 52, 52 ', 54, 68 are arranged parallel to the rotor axis 46 and intended to cooperate with a casing wall 90 of the housing 14 located between the end walls 10, 12.

Die Segmentscheiben 124, 126, 128, 124', 126', 128' weisen jeweils eine gegen die Mantelwand 90 gerichtete, radial äussere umfangsseitige Stirnfläche 132 auf, welche konzentrisch zur jeweiligen Rotorwelle 22, 24 in einem kleinen Abstand 134 zur besagten Mantelwand 90 des Gehäuses 14 verläuft. Ein kleiner Spalt 136 zwischen den Knetbarren 52, 52', 54, 68 und der Mantelwand 90 des Mischraumes 92 beträgt einige Millimeter, üblicherweise 1 bis 5 mm. Die Spaltenbreite ist dabei auch abhängig von der Baugrösse der Rotoren 18, 20.The segment discs 124, 126, 128, 124 ', 126', 128 'each have a directed against the jacket wall 90, radially outer peripheral end face 132 which concentric with the respective rotor shaft 22, 24 at a small distance 134 to said jacket wall 90 of Housing 14 extends. A small gap 136 between the kneading bars 52, 52 ', 54, 68 and the jacket wall 90 of the mixing chamber 92 is a few millimeters, usually 1 to 5 mm. The column width is also dependent on the size of the rotors 18, 20th

Der in Fig. 2 dargestellte Rotor 18 des Reaktors 16 ist bezüglich einer längsmittig angeordneten Abschnitttrennebene 140 symmetrisch ausgebildet. Diese Abschnitttrennebene 140 liegt gleichzeitig auf einer Segmentebene und bildet eine Grenze zwischen einem Längsabschnitt 142 und einem weiteren Längsabschnitt 144.The in Fig. 2 illustrated rotor 18 of the reactor 16 is formed symmetrically with respect to a longitudinally arranged section separation plane 140. This section separating plane 140 lies simultaneously on a segment plane and forms a boundary between a longitudinal section 142 and a further longitudinal section 144.

Die Rotorwellen 22, 24, bestehen im vorliegenden Fall je aus einem schaftartigen Rotorkern 146 und einem hohlzylinderförmigen, den Rotorkern 146 umschliessenden Mantelteil 148.In the present case, the rotor shafts 22, 24 each consist of a shaft-like rotor core 146 and a hollow-cylindrical shell part 148 enclosing the rotor core 146.

Die in Drehrichtung D1 nachlaufenden Enden 58 der Segmentscheiben 124, 126, 128, 124', 126', 128' tragen im wesentlichen parallel zur Mantelwand 90 des Gehäuses 14 ausgerichtete Abreinigungselemente in Form von Knetbarren 54, während die in Drehrichtung D1 vorlaufenden Enden 56 Knetbarren 52 tragen. In der hier gezeigten Ausführungsform weisen die Knetbarren 52, 54 einen tropfenförmigen Querschnitt auf, wobei eine gebildete Abreinigungskante 150 in Drehrichtung D1 gesehen vorlaufend angeordnet ist.The trailing in the direction of rotation D1 ends 58 of the segment discs 124, 126, 128, 124 ', 126', 128 'carry substantially parallel to the jacket wall 90 of the housing 14 aligned cleaning elements in the form of kneading bars 54, while the leading in the direction D1 ends 56 kneading bars 52 wear. In the embodiment shown here, the kneading bars 52, 54 have a teardrop-shaped cross-section, wherein an educated cleaning edge 150 is arranged in the direction of rotation D1 in advance.

Der tropfenförmige Querschnitt der Knetbarren 52, 54, 68 hat zur Folge, dass das Abreinigungsverhalten der Knetbarren 52, 54 nur bei einem Betrieb in der Drehrichtung D1 stattfindet, während bei einem Betrieb in entgegengesetzter Drehrichtung D2 die Mantelwand 90 und die Knetbarren 52, 54, 68 einen sich verengenden Spalt 136 bilden. Dabei spielt es keine Rolle, ob die Knetbarren 52, 54, 68 bezüglich der Rotorachse 46 um einen Winkel α geneigt sind oder nicht.The drop-shaped cross section of the kneading bars 52, 54, 68 has the consequence that the cleaning behavior of the kneading bars 52, 54 takes place only when operating in the direction of rotation D1, while in an operation in the opposite direction of rotation D2 the casing wall 90 and the kneading bars 52, 54, 68 form a narrowing gap 136. It does not matter whether the kneading bars 52, 54, 68 are inclined relative to the rotor axis 46 by an angle α or not.

Die Knetbarren 52, 54, 68 dienen dazu, eine lokal höhere Scherung zu erreichen. Bei der Herstellung von Kunststoffen beispielsweise, dienen solchen Zonen mit erhöhter Scherung als Plastifizierzonen. Der kleine Spalt 136 der Knetbarren 52, 54 zur Mantelwand 90 des Gehäuses 14 führt zu einem höherem Energieeintrag. Dabei unterstützt die erhöhte Temperatur in dieser Zone ein Anschmelzen eines krümelförmigen Reaktionsgutes.The kneading bars 52, 54, 68 serve to achieve a locally higher shear. For example, in the manufacture of plastics, such zones of increased shear serve as plasticizing zones. The small gap 136 of the kneading bars 52, 54 to the jacket wall 90 of the housing 14 leads to a higher energy input. The increased temperature in this zone supports the melting of a crumb-shaped reaction mixture.

Die Drehrichtung D1/D2, die Geschwindigkeit der Rotorwellen 22, 24 und die Anzahl der Knetbarren und Segmentscheiben werden dem zu bearbeitenden Mischgut/Reaktionsgut angepasst ausgeführt.The direction of rotation D1 / D2, the speed of the rotor shafts 22, 24 and the number of kneading bars and segment discs are adapted to the mixture / reaction material to be processed.

Fig. 4 zeigt eine Rotorabwicklung eines Rotors 18, 20 eines erfindungsgemässen Reaktors 16. Im Folgenden werden nur noch die Unterschiede zum Rotor entsprechend der Abwicklung in Fig. 1 gemäss EP 0715881 beschrieben. Gleiches oder gleich Wirkendes ist zur besseren Übersichtlichkeit und Verständlichkeit mit denselben Referenznummern bezeichnet. Fig. 4 shows a Rotorabwicklung a rotor 18, 20 of a reactor according to the invention 16. In the following, only the differences from the rotor according to the settlement in Fig. 1 according to EP 0715881 described. The same or the same effect is for better clarity and clarity with the same reference numbers.

Die Segmentscheiben 26, 28, 30 des zu Fig. 4 korrespondierenden Rotors 18 sind in einem Längsabschnitt 142 gleichartig angeordnet, wie diejenigen in der Fig. 1. Angrenzend an den Längsabschnitt 142 folgt der weitere Längsabschnitt 144. Die längsmittig zwischen den Stirnwänden 10, 12 angeordnete Abschnitttrennebene 140 grenzt den Längsabschnitt 142 vom weiteren Längsabschnitt 144 ab. Bezüglich der Abschnitttrennebene 140 ist die Rotorabwicklung im weiteren Längsabschnitt 144 eine spiegelbildliche Abbildung der Anordnung der Segmentscheiben 26, 28, 30 und Knetbarren 52, 54 im Längsabschnitt 142. Dies bedeutet auch, dass alle sich im weiteren Längsabschnitt 144 befindenden Segmentscheiben 26', 28', 30' ebenfalls auf konzentrisch zur Rotorachse 46 liegenden, spiralförmigen Linien angeordnet sind. Die spiralförmigen Linien im Längsabschnitt 142 weisen einen Drehsinn auf, der den spiralförmigen Linien im weiteren Längsabschnitt 144 entgegengesetzt ist.The segment discs 26, 28, 30 of the Fig. 4 corresponding rotor 18 are arranged in a longitudinal portion 142 similar to those in the Fig. 1 , Adjoining the longitudinal section 142, the further longitudinal section 144 follows. The section separating plane 140 arranged longitudinally between the end walls 10, 12 delimits the longitudinal section 142 from the further longitudinal section 144. With regard to the section separation plane 140, the rotor development in the further longitudinal section 144 is a mirror image of the arrangement of the segment discs 26, 28, 30 and kneading bars 52, 54 in the longitudinal section 142. This also means that all segment discs 26 ', 28' located in the further longitudinal section 144 , 30 'are also arranged on concentric with the rotor axis 46 lying, spiral lines. The spiral lines in the longitudinal section 142 have a direction of rotation which is opposite to the spiral lines in the further longitudinal section 144.

Unterschiedlich zum Rotor 18 entsprechend der Abwicklung in Fig. 1 sind die Verbindungen zu den axial benachbarten Segmentscheiben im Bereich der Abschnitttrennebene 140.Different from the rotor 18 according to the settlement in Fig. 1 are the connections to the axially adjacent segment discs in the region of the section separating plane 140.

In Fig. 4 trägt jede der der Abschnitttrennebene 140 zugeordnete Segmentscheibe 152 an einem in Drehrichtung D1 nachlaufenden Ende 58 in Umfangrichtung einen Knetbarren 154, der keine Verbindung zu einer axial benachbarten Segmentscheibe 156, 158 schafft. Ähnlich wie die Knetbarren 52, 54 steht der Knetbarren 154 in axialer Richtung über die Segmentscheibe 152 vor. In axialer Richtung sind jeweils axial benachbarte, zueinander in Umfangsrichtung unversetzte Knetbarren 54, 154 durch eine Lücke 60 voneinander beabstandet. Die Länge des Knetbarrens 154 ist dabei so gewählt, dass er im Betrieb zur Reinigung der jeweils korrespondierenden Segmentscheiben des anderen Rotors 20 beiträgt. Dies führt dazu, dass durch eine erfindungsgemässe Anordnung der Segmentscheiben auf dem betreffenden Rotor 18, 20 eine dem Knetbarren 154 bezüglich der Drehrichtung D1 nachlaufende Kammer 160 gebildet ist, welche in axialer Richtung länger als die übrigen Kammern 70 ist.In Fig. 4 carries each of the section separating plane 140 associated segment disc 152 at a trailing in the direction of rotation D1 end 58 in the circumferential direction a kneading 154, which does not connect to an axially adjacent segment disc 156, 158. Similar to the kneading bars 52, 54, the kneading bar 154 protrudes in the axial direction over the segment disk 152. In the axial direction, axially adjacent kneading bars 54, 154, which are mutually offset in the circumferential direction, are spaced apart from one another by a gap 60. The length of the kneading bar 154 is selected so that it contributes during operation for cleaning the respective corresponding segment discs of the other rotor 20. As a result of this arrangement of the segmented disks on the relevant rotor 18, 20 according to the invention, a chamber 160 following the kneading bar 154 with respect to the direction of rotation D1 is formed which is longer in the axial direction than the remaining chambers 70.

Weiter weist jede Segmentscheibe 152 an einem in Drehrichtung D1 vorlaufenden Ende 56 in Umfangrichtung einen Knetbarren 162 auf, der je eine Verbindung zu den axial benachbarten Segmentscheiben 156, 158 schafft. Gleich wie der obengenannte Knetbarren 154 steht der Knetbarren 140 in axialer Richtung über die Segmentscheiben 156, 15vor. In axialer Richtung sind jeweils axial benachbarte, zueinander in Umfangsrichtung unversetzte Knetbarren 54, 162 durch eine Lücke 62 voneinander beabstandet. Die Länge des Knetbarrens 162 ist dabei so gewählt, dass er im Betrieb zur Reinigung der jeweils korrespondierenden Segmentscheiben des anderen Rotors 20 beiträgt. Dies führt dazu, dass durch eine erfindungsgemässe Anordnung der Segmentscheiben auf dem betreffenden Rotor 18, 20 eine dem Knetbarren 162 bezüglich der Drehrichtung D1 vorlaufende Kammer 164 gebildet ist, welche in axialer Richtung kürzer als die übrigen Kammern 70 ist.Furthermore, each segment disc 152 has a kneading bar 162 in the circumferential direction at an end 56 leading in the direction of rotation D1, which each creates a connection to the axially adjacent segment discs 156, 158. Like the above-mentioned kneading bar 154, the kneading bar 140 protrudes in the axial direction via the segment discs 156, 15. In the axial direction, axially adjacent kneading bars 54, 162, which are mutually offset in the circumferential direction, are spaced apart from one another by a gap 62. The length of the kneading bar 162 is chosen so that it contributes during operation for cleaning the respective corresponding segment discs of the other rotor 20. As a result of an arrangement of the segment discs on the relevant rotor 18, 20 according to the invention, a chamber 164 leading the kneading bar 162 with respect to the direction of rotation D1 is formed, which is shorter in the axial direction than the remaining chambers 70.

Eine Folge der obgenannten Anordnung in einem erfindungsgemässen Rotor 18, 20 ist, dass im Längsabschnitt 142 eine wie bereits in Fig. 1 gezeigten Förderbewegung 78 mit einer in axialer Richtung verlaufenden axialdispersiven Förderkomponente 80 in eine Richtung zeigt, während dem im weiteren Längsabschnitt 144 eine Förderbewegung 166 bewirkt wird, welche eine axialdispersive Förderkomponente 168 aufweist, die im Vergleich zur axialdispersiven Förderkomponente 80 in die entgegengesetzte Richtung zeigt.A consequence of the above-mentioned arrangement in a rotor 18, 20 according to the invention is that in Longitudinal section 142 a as already in Fig. 1 shown conveying movement 78 with an axially extending axially dispersive conveying component 80 in one direction, while in the further longitudinal section 144 a conveying movement 166 is effected, which has an axially dispersive conveying component 168, which in comparison to the axial-dispersive conveying component 80 in the opposite direction.

In dieser Ausführungsform der Rotoren 18, 20 wird also durch eine gezielte unterschiedliche Anordnung der Segmentscheiben 26, 26', 28, 28', 30, 30', 152 auf einem Rotor 18, 20 bei einem Betrieb in der Drehrichtung D1 eine Kompaktierzone 170 definiert, in der die axialdispersive Förderkomponente 80 und die axialdispersive Förderkomponente 168 gegeneinander wirken. Wenn die spiralförmigen Linien im Längsabschnitt 142 betragsmässig dieselben Steigungen aufweisen wie die spiralförmigen Linien im weiteren Längsabschnitt 144 sind die axialdispersiven Förderkomponenten 80, 168 betragsmässig theoretisch identisch. Die gebildete Kompaktierzone 170 befindet sich demnach mittig bei der Abschnitttrennebene 140.In this embodiment of the rotors 18, 20, therefore, a compacting zone 170 is defined by a purposeful different arrangement of the segment discs 26, 26 ', 28, 28', 30, 30 ', 152 on a rotor 18, 20 during operation in the direction of rotation D1 in which the axial-dispersive delivery component 80 and the axially-dispersive delivery component 168 counteract each other. If the spiral-shaped lines in the longitudinal section 142 have the same slopes in terms of magnitude as the spiral-shaped lines in the further longitudinal section 144, the axially dispersive conveying components 80, 168 are theoretically identical in absolute value. The formed Kompaktierzone 170 is therefore located centrally in the section separation plane 140th

Die Axialdispersion wird demnach durch die spezielle Geometrie der Rotoren 18, 20 begünstigt, indem die Segmentscheiben 26, 26', 28, 28', 30, 30', 152 entsprechend auf den jeweiligen Rotorwellen 18, 20 angeordnet werden. Daraus ergibt sich ein symmetrisches Förderverhalten, welches in Fig. 4 symbolisch durch ein weiteres Massenverschiebungsmuster 172 gezeigt ist.The axial dispersion is accordingly favored by the special geometry of the rotors 18, 20, in that the segment discs 26, 26 ', 28, 28', 30, 30 ', 152 are arranged correspondingly on the respective rotor shafts 18, 20. This results in a symmetrical conveying behavior, which in Fig. 4 symbolically shown by another mass displacement pattern 172.

Fig. 5 zeigt eine Abwicklung eines Rotors 18, 20 einer zweiten Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemässen Reaktors 16. Die Abschnitttrennebene 140 ist in Richtung der zweiten Stirnwand 12 verschoben auf den Rotorwellen 22, 24 angeordnet. Im Übrigen ist der Rotor 22 gleich aufgebaut, wie der Rotor 22 entsprechend der in Fig. 4 gezeigten Abwicklung. Dadurch wird beim Betrieb in der Drehrichtung D1 auch die entstehende Kompaktierzone 170 zusammen mit der Abschnitttrennebene 140 in dieselbe Richtung mitverschoben. Fig. 5 shows a development of a rotor 18, 20 of a second embodiment of a reactor according to the invention 16. The section separation plane 140 is arranged in the direction of the second end wall 12 displaced on the rotor shafts 22, 24. Incidentally, the rotor 22 is the same structure as the rotor 22 according to the in Fig. 4 shown execution. As a result, during operation in the direction of rotation D1, the resulting compacting zone 170 is also moved along with the section separating plane 140 in the same direction.

Fig. 6 zeigt eine Abwicklung eines Rotors 18, 20 einer dritten Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemässen Reaktors 16. Im Wesentlichen entspricht die Anordnung der Scheibenelemente 26, 26', 28, 28', 30, 30', 152 und der Abschnitttrennebene 140 dem Rotor 18 entsprechend der in Fig. 4 gezeigten Rotorabwicklung. Fig. 6 1 shows a developed view of a rotor 18, 20 of a third embodiment of a reactor 16 according to the invention. In essence, the arrangement of the disk elements 26, 26 ', 28, 28', 30, 30 ', 152 and the section separating plane 140 corresponds to the rotor 18 according to FIG Fig. 4 shown Rotorabwicklung.

Allerdings sind beim Fig. 6 verursachenden Rotor 18 die den Knetbarren 52, 52', 54, 54' von Fig. 4 ähnlich sehenden Knetbarren 174, 174', 176, 176' bezüglich der Rotorachse 46 um einen Winkel α geneigt angeordnet. Dabei sind Knetbarren 174, 176, welche sich im Längsabschnitt 142 befinden, derart in einem Winkel -α geneigt, dass sie eine zusätzliche Förderbewegung 180 mit einer kinematischen Förderkomponente 182 des Reaktionsgutes in axialer Richtung bewirken. Die Knetbarren 174', 176', welche sich im weiteren Längsabschnitt 144 befinden, sind hingegen derart in einem Winkel +α geneigt, dass sie eine zusätzliche Förderbewegung 184 mit einer kinematischen Förderkomponente 186 des Reaktionsgutes in axialer Richtung bewirken, welche zur obgenannten kinematischen Förderkomponente 182 eine entgegengesetzte Richtung aufweist.However, at the Fig. 6 causing rotor 18 which the kneading bars 52, 52 ', 54, 54' of Fig. 4 similarly seen kneading bars 174, 174 ', 176, 176' with respect to the rotor axis 46 inclined by an angle α. Kneading bars 174, 176, which are located in the longitudinal section 142, are inclined at an angle -α in such a way that they bring about an additional conveying movement 180 with a kinematic conveying component 182 of the reaction material in the axial direction. The kneading bars 174 ', 176', which are located in the further longitudinal section 144, however, are inclined at an angle + α in such a way that they bring about an additional conveying movement 184 with a kinematic conveying component 186 of the reaction material in the axial direction, which leads to the aforementioned kinematic conveying component 182 has an opposite direction.

Die den Knetbarren 154, 162 von Fig. 4 ähnlichen sehenden Knetbarren 188, 190, welche durch die der Abschnitttrennebene 140 zugeordneten Segmentscheiben 152 getragen, beziehungsweise mitgetragen werden, weisen im Bereich der Abschnitttrennebene 140 einen knickartigen Verlauf auf, um den kinematischen Förderbewegungen 180, 184 der jeweiligen Längsabschnitte 142, 144 zu genügen.The kneading bars 154, 162 of Fig. 4 similar seeing kneading bars 188, 190, which are supported by the segment slices 140 associated segment discs 152, or carried along, have in the region of the section separating plane 140 a kink-like course to the kinematic conveying movements 180, 184 of the respective longitudinal sections 142, 144 to meet.

Die Folge einer in Fig. 6 gezeigten Anordnung der Knetbarren 174, 174', 176, 176', 188, 190 liegt darin, dass sie bei einem Betrieb in der Drehrichtung D1 zu der durch die Scheibensegmente 26, 26', 28, 28', 30, 30', 152 verursachten Axialdispersion unterstützend wirken.The consequence of an in Fig. 6 shown arrangement of the kneading bars 174, 174 ', 176, 176', 188, 190 is that when operating in the direction of rotation D1 to that by the disk segments 26, 26 ', 28, 28', 30, 30 ', 152 cause axial dispersion supportive.

Fig. 7 zeigt eine Abwicklung eines Rotors 18, 20 einer vierten Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemässen Reaktors 16. Im Wesentlichen entspricht die Anordnung der Scheibenelemente 26, 26', 28, 28', 30, 30', 152 und der Abschnitttrennebene 140 dem Rotor 18 entsprechend der in Fig. 4 gezeigten Rotorabwicklung, wobei die Knetbarren bezüglich der Rotorachse 46 ähnlich der Fig. 6 wiederum schräg angeordnet sind. Fig. 7 1 shows a development of a rotor 18, 20 of a fourth embodiment of a reactor 16 according to the invention. In essence, the arrangement of the disk elements 26, 26 ', 28, 28', 30, 30 ', 152 and the parting plane 140 corresponds to the rotor 18 corresponding to that in FIG Fig. 4 shown Rotorabwicklung, wherein the kneading bars with respect to the rotor axis 46 similar to the Fig. 6 in turn are arranged obliquely.

Allerdings sind beim Fig. 7 verursachenden Rotor 18 die den Knetbarren 52, 52' 54, 54' von Fig. 4 ähnlich sehenden Knetbarren 192, 192', 194, 194' bezüglich der Rotorachse 46 um einen Winkel α geneigt angeordnet. Dabei sind Knetbarren 192, 194, welche sich im Längsabschnitt 142 befinden, derart in einem Winkel +α geneigt, dass sie eine zusätzliche Förderbewegung 196 mit einer kinematischen Förderkomponente 198 des Reaktionsgutes in axialer Richtung bewirken. Die Knetbarren 192', 194' welche sich im weiteren Längsabschnitt 144 befinden, sind hingegen derart in einem Winkel -α geneigt, dass sie eine zusätzliche Förderbewegung 200 mit einer kinematischen Förderkomponente 202 des Reaktionsgutes in axialer Richtung bewirken, welche zur obgenannten kinematischen Förderkomponente 198 eine entgegengesetzte Richtung aufweist.However, at the Fig. 7 causing rotor 18 which the kneading bars 52, 52 '54, 54' of Fig. 4 similar seeing kneading bars 192, 192 ', 194, 194' with respect to the rotor axis 46 inclined at an angle α. In this case, kneading bars 192, 194, which are located in the longitudinal section 142, are inclined at an angle + α in such a way that they bring about an additional conveying movement 196 with a kinematic conveying component 198 of the reaction material in the axial direction. The kneading bars 192 ', 194' which are located in the further longitudinal section 144, however, are inclined at an angle -α, so that they cause an additional conveying movement 200 with a kinematic conveying component 202 of the reaction material in the axial direction, which for the above-mentioned kinematic conveying component 198 a opposite direction.

Die den Knetbarren 154, 162 von Fig. 4 ähnlichen sehenden Knetbarren 204, 206, welche durch die der Abschnitttrennebene 140 zugeordneten Segmentscheiben 152 getragen, beziehungsweise mitgetragen werden, weisen im Bereich der Abschnitttrennebene 140 einen knickartigen Verlauf auf, um den kinematischen Förderbewegungen 196, 200 der jeweiligen Längsabschnitte 142, 144 zu genügen.The kneading bars 154, 162 of Fig. 4 Similar seeing kneading bars 204, 206 which are carried or carried along by the segment disks 152 assigned to the section separating plane 140 have a kink-like profile in the region of the section separating plane 140 in order to satisfy the kinematic conveying movements 196, 200 of the respective longitudinal sections 142, 144.

Die Folge einer in Fig. 7 gezeigten Anordnung der Knetbarren 192, 192', 194, 194', 204, 206 liegt darin, dass sie bei einem Betrieb in der Drehrichtung D1 zu der durch die Scheibensegmente 26, 26', 28, 28', 30, 30', 152 verursachten Axialdispersion hemmend wirken, da sie in entgegengesetzte Richtungen zeigen.The consequence of an in Fig. 7 shown arrangement of the kneading bars 192, 192 ', 194, 194', 204, 206 is that when operating in the direction of rotation D1 to that by the disk segments 26, 26 ', 28, 28', 30, 30 ', 152 caused Axialdispersion act inhibiting, as they show in opposite directions.

Fig. 8 zeigt eine Abwicklung eines Rotors 18 einer fünften Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemässen Reaktors 16. Im Wesentlichen ist der Rotor 18 derart gestaltet, dass seine Abwicklung einer Abwicklung gemäss Fig. 4 entspricht, an welche in axialer Richtung eine weitere Abschnitttrennebene 208 angrenzt, auf welche die Abwicklung gemäss Fig. 4 ein zweites Mal und angrenzend folgend angeordnet ist. Fig. 8 shows a development of a rotor 18 of a fifth embodiment of a reactor according to the invention 16. Essentially, the rotor 18 is designed such that its settlement a settlement according Fig. 4 corresponds to which in the axial direction, a further section separating plane 208 adjacent to which the settlement according to Fig. 4 a second time and adjacent to the following.

Dadurch folgt auf den Längsabschnitt 142 jeweils ein weiterer Längsabschnitt 144, und umgekehrt. Dadurch ist die Abschnitttrennebene 140 zwei Mal, und die weitere Abschnitttrennebene 208 mittig zwischen den obgenannten beiden Abschnitttrennebenen 140 und den Stirnwänden 10, 12 auf den Rotoren 18, 20 angeordnet.This is followed by the longitudinal section 142 each have a further longitudinal section 144, and vice versa. As a result, the section separation plane 140 is arranged twice, and the further section separation plane 208 is arranged centrally between the aforementioned two section separation planes 140 and the end walls 10, 12 on the rotors 18, 20.

Da sich die Knetbarren 52, 52', 54, 54' in Neutralstellung mit α=0 Grad befinden, wird sich keine kinematische Förderkomponente in axialer Richtung einstellen.Since the kneading bars 52, 52 ', 54, 54' are in the neutral position with α = 0 degrees, no kinematic conveying component will be set in the axial direction.

Der Reaktor 16 mit einer Rotorabwicklung gemäss Fig. 8 weist im Betrieb in der Drehrichtung D1 ein Förderverhalten auf, das bei jeder Abschnittrennebene 140 je eine Kompaktierzone 170 schafft. Eine bei der Abschnittrennebene 208 geschaffene Zone 210 weist bezüglich der Kompaktierzone 170 entgegengesetzte Eigenschaften auf (Dekompaktierung).The reactor 16 with a rotor development according to Fig. 8 has in operation in the direction of rotation D1 on a delivery behavior, which creates a Kompaktierzone 170 at each Abschnittrennebene 140 each. A zone 210 created at the cut-off separation plane 208 has opposite properties with respect to the compacting zone 170 (decompaction).

Fig. 9 zeigt eine Abwicklung eines Rotors 18 einer sechsten Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemässen Reaktors 16. Im Wesentlichen ist der Rotor 18 derart gestaltet, dass seine Abwicklung einer Abwicklung gemäss Fig. 6 entspricht, an welche in axialer Richtung eine weitere Abschnitttrennebene 208 angrenzt, auf welche die Abwicklung gemäss Fig. 6 ein zweites Mal und angrenzend folgend angeordnet ist. Fig. 9 shows a development of a rotor 18 of a sixth embodiment of a reactor according to the invention 16. Essentially, the rotor 18 is designed such that its settlement a settlement according Fig. 6 corresponds to which in the axial direction, a further section separating plane 208 adjacent to which the settlement according to Fig. 6 a second time and adjacent to the following.

Dadurch folgt auf den Längsabschnitt 142 jeweils ein weiterer Längsabschnitt 144, und umgekehrt. Dadurch ist die Abschnitttrennebene 140 zwei Mal, und die weitere Abschnitttrennebene 208 mittig zwischen den obgenannten beiden Abschnitttrennebenen 140 und den Stirnwänden 10, 12 auf den Rotoren 18, 20 angeordnet.This is followed by the longitudinal section 142 each have a further longitudinal section 144, and vice versa. As a result, the section separation plane 140 is arranged twice, and the further section separation plane 208 is arranged centrally between the aforementioned two section separation planes 140 and the end walls 10, 12 on the rotors 18, 20.

Die Knetbarren 174, 176 der Längsabschnitte 142 sind bezüglich der Rotorachse 46 wiederum in einem Winkel -α geneigt, während dem die Knetbarren 174', 176' der weiteren Längsabschnitte 144 wiederum in einem Winkel +α geneigt angeordnet sind.The kneading bars 174, 176 of the longitudinal sections 142 are again inclined with respect to the rotor axis 46 at an angle -α, during which the kneading bars 174 ', 176' of the further longitudinal sections 144 are in turn inclined at an angle + α.

Die den Knetbarren 204, 206 von Fig. 7 ähnlichen sehenden Knetbarren 212, 214, welche durch die der Abschnitttrennebene 208 zugeordneten Segmentscheiben 260 getragen, beziehungsweise mitgetragen werden, weisen im Bereich der Abschnitttrennebene 208 einen knickartigen Verlauf auf, um den kinematischen Förderbewegungen 78, 166 der jeweiligen Längsabschnitte 142, 144 zu genügen.The kneading bars 204, 206 of Fig. 7 Similar seeing kneading bars 212, 214, which are supported by the segment slices 208 associated segment slices 260, have in the region of the section separating plane 208 a kink-like course in order to satisfy the kinematic conveying movements 78, 166 of the respective longitudinal sections 142, 144.

Der Reaktor 16 mit einer Rotorabwicklung gemäss Fig. 9 weist im Betrieb in der Drehrichtung D1 ein Förderverhalten auf, in dem die durch die Knetbarren 174, 174', 176, 176', 212, 214 verursachten, kinematischen Förderbewegungen 182 beziehungsweise 186 auf die in den jeweiligen Längsabschnitten 142, 144 vorherrschenden axialdispersiven Förderbewegungen 80, 168 unterstützend wirken.The reactor 16 with a rotor development according to Fig. 9 has in operation in the direction of rotation D1 on a conveying behavior, in which the kinematic conveying movements 182 and 186 caused by the kneading bars 174, 174 ', 176, 176', 212, 214 to the axialdispersive conveying movements 80 prevailing in the respective longitudinal sections 142, 144 , 168 supportive.

Fig. 10 zeigt eine Abwicklung eines Rotors 18 einer siebten Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemässen Reaktors 16. Im Wesentlichen ist der Rotor 18 derart gestaltet, dass seine Abwicklung einer Abwicklung gemäss Fig. 7 entspricht, an welche in axialer Richtung eine weitere Abschnitttrennebene 208 angrenzt, auf welche die Abwicklung gemäss Fig. 7 ein zweites Mal und angrenzend folgend angeordnet ist. Fig. 10 shows a development of a rotor 18 of a seventh embodiment of a reactor according to the invention 16. Essentially, the rotor 18 is designed such that its settlement of a settlement according Fig. 7 corresponds to which in the axial direction, a further section separating plane 208 adjacent to which the settlement according to Fig. 7 a second time and adjacent to the following.

Dadurch folgt auf den Längsabschnitt 142 jeweils ein weiterer Längsabschnitt 144, und umgekehrt. Dadurch ist die Abschnitttrennebene 140 zwei Mal, und die weitere Abschnitttrennebene 208 mittig zwischen den obgenannten beiden Abschnitttrennebenen 140 und den Stirnwänden 10, 12 auf den Rotoren 18, 20 angeordnet.This is followed by the longitudinal section 142 each have a further longitudinal section 144, and vice versa. As a result, the section separation plane 140 is arranged twice, and the further section separation plane 208 is arranged centrally between the aforementioned two section separation planes 140 and the end walls 10, 12 on the rotors 18, 20.

Die Knetbarren 192, 194 der Längsabschnitte 142 sind bezüglich der Rotorachse 46 wiederum in einem Winkel +α geneigt, während dem die Knetbarren 192', 194' der weiteren Längsabschnitte 144 wiederum in einem Winkel -α geneigt angeordnet sind.The kneading bars 192, 194 of the longitudinal sections 142 are again inclined with respect to the rotor axis 46 at an angle + α, during which the kneading bars 192 ', 194' of the further longitudinal sections 144 are again inclined at an angle -α.

Die den Knetbarren 188, 190 von Fig. 6 ähnlichen sehenden Knetbarren 218, 220, welche durch die der Abschnitttrennebene 208 zugeordneten Segmentscheiben 216 getragen, beziehungsweise mitgetragen werden, weisen im Bereich der Abschnitttrennebene 208 einen knickartigen Verlauf auf, um den kinematischen Förderbewegungen 196, 200 der jeweiligen Längsabschnitte 142, 144 zu genügen.The kneading bars 188, 190 of Fig. 6 Similar seeing kneading bars 218, 220, which are carried or carried along by segment discs 216 assigned to the section separating plane 208, have a kink-like profile in the region of the section separating plane 208 in order to satisfy the kinematic conveying movements 196, 200 of the respective longitudinal sections 142, 144.

Der Reaktor 16 mit einer Rotorabwicklung gemäss Fig. 10 weist im Betrieb in der Drehrichtung D1 ein Förderverhalten auf, in dem die durch die Knetbarren 192, 192', 194, 194', 218, 220 verursachten, kinematischen Förderbewegungen 196 beziehungsweise 200 auf die in den jeweiligen Längsabschnitten 142, 144 vorherrschenden axialdispersiven Förderbewegungen 78, 166 hemmend wirken.The reactor 16 with a rotor development according to Fig. 10 has in operation in the direction of rotation D1 on a conveying behavior in which the kinematic conveying movements 196 and 200 caused by the kneading bars 192, 192 ', 194, 194', 218, 220 affect the axial-dispersive conveying movements 78 prevailing in the respective longitudinal sections 142, 144 , 166 inhibiting effect.

Bei einer in Fig. 11 schematisch gezeigten, bevorzugten Ausführungsform eines grossvolumigen Reaktors 16 weist das vereinfacht dargestellte Gehäuse 14 zwei Einlässe 104 und 104' für die Beschickung auf. Weiter verfügt das gezeigte Gehäuse 14 über einen Auslass 106 zur Entnahme des verarbeiteten Reaktionsgutes und einen Brüdenstutzen 108 zur Entnahme von flüchtigen Komponenten des Reaktionsgutes. Die Rotoren 18, 20 sind dabei derart ausgestaltet, dass sie eine wie in Fig. 10 gezeigte Rotorabwicklung zeigen.At an in Fig. 11 schematically shown, preferred embodiment of a large-volume reactor 16, the simplified illustrated housing 14 has two inlets 104 and 104 'for the feed. Further, the housing 14 shown has an outlet 106 for removal of the processed reaction material and a vapor nozzle 108 for removal of volatile components of the reaction mixture. The rotors 18, 20 are designed such that they have a like in Fig. 10 show shown rotor development.

Im Betrieb werden nun die Rotorwellen 22, 24 des Reaktors 16 in einer ersten Drehrichtung D1 gegensinnig zueinander angetrieben. Bei einer Dimensionierung der Scheibensegmente 26, 26', 28, 28', 30, 30' und der Knetelemente 192, 192', 194, 194', 204, 206, 218, 220 so dass die axialdispersiven Förderkomponenten 80, 168 grösser als die kinematischen Förderkomponenten 198, 202 sind, wird das Reaktionsgut durch die entstandenen resultierenden Förderbewegungen jeweils in einer im Bereich der Abschnitttrennebenen 140 liegenden Kompaktierzone 170 kompaktiert und erfährt eine besonders innige Durchmischung.In operation, the rotor shafts 22, 24 of the reactor 16 are now driven in opposite directions to each other in a first direction of rotation D1. With a dimensioning of the disk segments 26, 26 ', 28, 28', 30, 30 'and the kneading elements 192, 192', 194, 194 ', 204, 206, 218, 220 so that the axially dispersive conveying components 80, 168 are larger than the are kinematic delivery components 198, 202, the reaction material is compacted by the resulting resulting conveying movements in each case in a lying in the region of the section separating planes 140 Kompaktierzone 170 and undergoes a particularly intimate mixing.

Fig. 12 zeigt denselben Reaktor 16 wie in der Fig. 11, wobei ein Betriebszustand gezeigt ist, in dem die Rotorwellen 22, 24 in der D1 entgegengesetzten Drehrichtung D2 angetrieben sind. Fig. 12 shows the same reactor 16 as in the Fig. 11 showing an operating condition in which the rotor shafts 22, 24 are in the opposite direction of rotation D1 D2 are driven.

In der Folge ändern alle in axialer Richtung wirkenden axialdispersiven Förderkomponenten 80, 168, sowie die kinematischen, in axialer Richtung wirkenden Förderkomponenten 198, 202 ihre Wirkrichtung. In Fig. 12 sind alle in axialer Richtung gezeigten Förderkomponenten als Pfeile, mit jeweilig entsprechenden Referenznummern 80', 168', 198', 202' eingetragen.As a result, all axial-dispersive delivery components 80, 168 acting in the axial direction as well as the kinematic delivery components 198, 202 acting in the axial direction change their effective direction. In Fig. 12 all conveyor components shown in the axial direction are shown as arrows, with respectively corresponding reference numbers 80 ', 168', 198 ', 202'.

Unter der Annahme, dass die kinematischen Förderkomponenten 198', 202' betragsmässig kleiner als die axialdispersiven Förderkomponenten 80', 168' sind, wird aus Fig. 12 ersichtlich, dass anstelle der in Fig. 11 aufgetretenen Kompaktierzonen 170 neue Kompaktierzonen 170' bei den Stirnwänden 10, 12, sowie bei der mittigen Abschnitttrennebene 208 entstehen, welche ähnliche Eigenschaften wie die Kompaktierzone 170 aufweisen.Assuming that the kinematic delivery components 198 ', 202' are smaller than the axial-dispersive delivery components 80 ', 168' in amount, becomes Fig. 12 seen that instead of in Fig. 11 occurred Kompaktierzonen 170 new Kompaktierzonen 170 'at the end walls 10, 12, and at the central portion separation plane 208, which have similar properties as the Kompaktierzone 170.

Daraus ist ersichtlich, dass ein solcher erfindungsgemässer Reaktor 16 bei einem alternierenden Vorwärts- und Rückwärtsbetrieb in den Drehrichtungen D1, beziehungsweise D2, wie in Patentanspruch 19 definiert, eine besonders gute und innige Durchmischung des Reaktionsgutes ermöglicht. Ein Reaktor 16 mit einem derartigen Aufbau der Rotoren 18, 20 und einem derartigen Aufbau des Gehäuses 14 ist deshalb für einen Chargenbetrieb besonders vorteilhaft. Besonders dann, wenn sich der Auslass 106 ein einer Segmentebene befindet, die zugleich auch Abschnitttrennebene ist, wie die Abschnitttrennebene 208 in Fig. 12.It can be seen that such an inventive reactor 16 in an alternating forward and reverse operation in the directions of rotation D1, and D2, as defined in claim 19, allows a particularly good and intimate mixing of the reaction mixture. A reactor 16 having such a structure of the rotors 18, 20 and such a structure of the housing 14 is therefore particularly advantageous for batch operation. In particular, when the outlet 106 is located at a segment level, which is at the same time also section separation plane, as the section separation plane 208 in FIG Fig. 12 ,

Fig. 13 zeigt einen erfindungsgemässen Reaktor 16', welcher Rotoren 18, 20 aufweist, deren Abwicklungen mehrere Längsabschnitte 142 eines Rotors 18 gemäss Fig. 6 und mehrere weitere Längsabschnitte 144 eines Rotors 18 gemäss Fig. 7 zeigen. Die Längsabschnitte 142 und die weiteren Längsabschnitte 144 sind entlang der Rotorachse 46 dreifach paarweise aufeinanderfolgend angeordnet. Die Anordnung erfolgte derart, dass auf einen Längsabschnitt 142 jeweils ein weiterer Längsabschnitt 144 folgt, und umgekehrt. Dadurch wird ersichtlich, dass die Abschnitttrennebene 140 drei Mal, wovon ein Mal längsmittig, sowie je eine weitere Abschnitttrennebene 208 mittig zwischen jeweils zwei Abschnitttrennebenen 140 angeordnet ist. Fig. 13 shows a novel reactor 16 ', which rotors 18, 20, the unwinds a plurality of longitudinal sections 142 of a rotor 18 according to Fig. 6 and a plurality of further longitudinal sections 144 of a rotor 18 according to Fig. 7 demonstrate. The longitudinal sections 142 and the further longitudinal sections 144 are arranged in pairs along the rotor axis 46 in succession. The arrangement was made such that a longitudinal section 142 is followed by a further longitudinal section 144, and vice versa. As a result, it can be seen that the section separating plane 140 is arranged three times, one of which is longitudinally centered, and one further section separating plane 208 is arranged centrally between in each case two section separating planes 140.

Das Gehäuse 14 der vorliegenden Ausführungsform des Reaktors 16' weist dabei einen Einlass 104 in/bei der ersten Stirnwand 10, einen Auslass 106 in/bei der zweiten Stirnwand 12, sowie zwei Brüdenstutzen 108, 108' im oberen Bereich des Gehäuses 14 auf.The housing 14 of the present embodiment of the reactor 16 'in this case has an inlet 104 in / at the first end wall 10, an outlet 106 in / at the second end wall 12, and two vapor sockets 108, 108' in the upper region of the housing 14.

Durch eine solche Anordnung zeigt die axialdispersive Förderkomponente 80 in einem Längsabschnitt 142 in dieselbe Richtung wie die kinematische Förderkomponente 182. Im weiteren Längsabschnitt 144 zeigt die axialdispersive Förderkomponente 168 in entgegengesetzter Richtung zur kinematischen Förderkomponente 202. Unter Annahme, dass auch hier die Dimensionierung der Segmentscheiben und Knetbarren analog zur in Fig. 11 beschriebenen Dimensionierung erfolgt ist, resultiert in jedem Längsabschnitt 142, 144 je ein Nettofluss 222, 224, welcher in axialer Richtung entgegengesetzte Wirkrichtungen aufweist.By such an arrangement, the axially dispersive conveying component 80 in a longitudinal section 142 in the same direction as the kinematic conveying component 182. In the further longitudinal section 144 shows the axially dispersive conveying component 168 in the opposite direction to the kinematic conveying component 202. Assuming that here also the dimensioning of the segment discs and Kneading bars analogous to in Fig. 11 dimensioning is performed results in each longitudinal section 142, 144 each have a net flow 222, 224, which has opposite directions of action in the axial direction.

In der Folge wird das Reaktionsgut im Betrieb mit in der Drehrichtung D1 gegensinnig angetriebenen Rotorwellen 22, 24 bei den Abschnittrennebenen 140 gestaut, was zu Kompaktierzonen 170" bei diesen Abschnittrennebenen 140 führt. Durch eine solche, alternierende Anordnung von Längsabschnitten 142, 144 mit Kompaktierzonen 170", und weiteren Zonen 210' kann das durch den Einlass 104 eingeführte Reaktionsgut während der Verarbeitung in axialer Richtung quasi schrittartig von der ersten Stirnwand 10 in Richtung der zweiten Stirnwand 12 verschoben werden.As a result, the reaction material is jammed at operation with rotor shafts 22, 24 driven in opposite directions in the direction of rotation D1 at the cutting separation planes 140, which leads to compacting zones 170 "at these cutting separation planes 140. By such an alternating arrangement of longitudinal sections 142, 144 with compacting zones 170 , and further zones 210 ', the reaction mixture introduced through the inlet 104 can be moved in a quasi-stepwise manner from the first end wall 10 in the direction of the second end wall 12 during processing in the axial direction.

Dabei ist es möglich, die entstandenen Kompaktierzonen 170" bei den Abschnitttrennebenen 140 dazu zu nutzen, dem teilverarbeiteten Reaktionsgut jeweils an weiteren, längs der Mantelwand 90 angeordneten Einlässen 104', 104", 104"', Zusatzstoffe in flüssiger, gasförmiger, fester oder pastöser Form zuzuführen, bis am Schluss das verarbeitete Reaktionsgut den Reaktor 16' als Produkt über den Auslass 106 wieder verlässt.In this case, it is possible to use the resulting compacting zones 170 "at the section separating planes 140, the partially processed reaction material respectively at further inlets 104 ', 104", 104 "arranged along the jacket wall 90, additives in liquid, gaseous, solid or pasty Feed form until at the end of the processed reaction mixture leaves the reactor 16 'as a product via the outlet 106 again.

Durch die obgenannte, längsversetzte Anordnung der weiteren Einlässe 104', 104", 104" ' können einzelne Komponenten, beziehungsweise Zusatzstoffe zeitlich später zum sich in unterschiedlichen Phasen befindlichen Reaktionsgut gegeben werden, was insbesondere dann sinnvoll ist, wenn eine Komponente oder ein Zusatzstoff durch Kühlen oder Erwärmen zuerst vorbereitet werden muss, oder wenn eine Reaktionskomponente erst im späteren Verlauf der Verarbeitung im Reaktor 16' zugegeben werden kann. Diese zusätzlichen Komponenten oder Zusatzstoffe können erforderlich sein, um spezielle Produktmischungen herstellen zu können, sowie Produkteigenschaften des Reaktionsguts zu modifizieren.By the aforementioned, longitudinally offset arrangement of the other inlets 104 ', 104 ", 104"' individual components, or additives can be given later in time to be in different phases reactant, which is particularly useful if a component or additive by cooling or heating must be prepared first, or if a reaction component can be added later in the processing in the reactor 16 '. These additional components or additives may be required to make specific product mixtures as well as to modify product properties of the reaction product.

Die in Fig. 13 gezeigte Anordnung im Reaktor 16' ist beispielsweise besonders geeignet für einen Einsatz bei kontinuierlichem Durchsatz von Reaktionsgut, was einer Anordnung als Durchlaufreaktor entspricht.In the Fig. 13 arrangement shown in the reactor 16 ', for example, is particularly suitable for use in a continuous flow rate of reaction material, which corresponds to an arrangement as a continuous reactor.

Es ist durchaus denkbar, dass von dieser Fig. 13 aus gehend weitere Kombinationen von Längsabschnitten 142, 144 mit jeweils unterschiedlichen axialdispersiven und kinematischen Förderkomponenten in axialer Richtung realisiert werden können.It is quite possible that from this Fig. 13 outgoing further combinations of longitudinal sections 142, 144, each with different axial-dispersive and kinematic conveying components in the axial direction can be realized.

Fig. 14 zeigt eine Abwicklung eines Rotors 18, 20 einer Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemässen grossvolumigen Reaktors 16" . Im Gegensatz zur in Fig. 1 gezeigten Rotorabwicklung weist ein Rotor 18 gemäss Fig. 14 Kammern unterschiedlicher Länge auf. Fig. 14 1 shows a development of a rotor 18, 20 of an embodiment of a large-volume reactor 16 "according to the invention Fig. 1 shown Rotorabwicklung has a rotor 18 according to Fig. 14 Chambers of different lengths.

An die randständige Segmentscheibe 47 grenzt die Kammer 70 an, welcher in axialer Richtung und jeweils durch eine weitere Segmentscheibe 226, 228, 230 getrennt, eine längere Kammer 232, eine noch längere Kammer 234 und eine nochmals längere Kammer 236 folgt. Die Segmentscheiben 47, 226, 228, 230 sind in Umfangrichtung relativ zueinander unversetzt in einer Kammerreihe 238 angeordnet. Den Längen der Kammern 70, 232, 234, 236 angepasste Knetbarren sind entsprechend längenangepasst.Adjoining the marginal segment disk 47, the chamber 70, which in the axial direction and in each case separated by a further segment disc 226, 228, 230, a longer chamber 232, an even longer chamber 234 and a further longer chamber 236 follows. The segment discs 47, 226, 228, 230 are arranged in the circumferential direction relative to one another without displacement in a chamber row 238. Kneading bars adapted to the lengths of the chambers 70, 232, 234, 236 are corresponding length adjusted.

Entsprechend sind die übrigen Reihen von in axialer Richtung aufeinanderfolgenden Kammern ausgebildet, wobei jede Kammer relativ zu einer in einer Drehrichtung D1 nachlaufenden Kammer axial in der selben Richtung versetzt angeordnet ist.Accordingly, the remaining rows are formed by successive chambers in the axial direction, wherein each chamber is arranged offset relative to a trailing in a rotational direction D1 chamber axially in the same direction.

Somit sind alle Segmentscheiben 47, 226, 228, 230 dieser Rotoren 18, 20 auf durchgehenden, spiralförmigen Linien 240 angeordnet, deren Steigung sich in Abhängigkeit vom Ort in Längsrichtung (axialer Richtung) ändert.Thus, all segment discs 47, 226, 228, 230 of these rotors 18, 20 are arranged on continuous, spiral-shaped lines 240, the pitch of which changes as a function of the location in the longitudinal direction (axial direction).

Mit einer solchen Segmentscheibenordnung ist es zum Beispiel möglich, eine progressive oder degressive Förderwirkung in einer axialen Richtung zu erzielen.With such a segment disc order, it is possible, for example, to achieve a progressive or degressive conveying action in an axial direction.

Es ist vorstellbar, dass die spiralförmigen Linien nicht durchgehend zwischen den Stirnwänden 10, 12 verlaufen, sondern versetzt, wodurch die spiralförmigen Linien eine Art Absatz/Versatz aufweisen.It is conceivable that the spiral lines do not run continuously between the end walls 10, 12, but offset, whereby the spiral lines have a kind of paragraph / offset.

Die unterschiedlichen Kammerlängen können dabei eine unterschiedliche Axialdispersion bewirken. Mit der in Fig. 14 dargestellten Anordnung der Scheibenelemente und Knetbarren wird eine Förderbewegung von der ersten Stirnwand 10 in Richtung der zweiten Stirnwand 12 bewirkt.The different chamber lengths can cause a different axial dispersion. With the in Fig. 14 shown arrangement of the disc elements and kneading a conveying movement of the first end wall 10 in the direction of the second end wall 12 is effected.

Es ist auch möglich, dass ein solcher grossvolumiger Reaktor 16" ebenfalls in alternierendem Betrieb gemäss Patentanspruch 19 betrieben wird.It is also possible that such a large-volume reactor 16 "is also operated in alternating operation according to claim 19.

Es ist denkbar, dass auf den Rotorwellen 22, 24 in einem ersten Axialabschnitt mehrere Segmentscheiben und Knetbarren gemäss eines Längsabschnittes 142, 144 eines Rotors 18, 20 entsprechend Fig. 4 bis Fig. 7 angeordnet sind, während in einem weiteren Axialabschnitt mehrere Segmentscheiben und Knetbarren gemäss einem Rotor 18, 20 entsprechend Fig. 14 angeordnet sind.It is conceivable that on the rotor shafts 22, 24 in a first axial section a plurality of segment discs and kneading bars according to a longitudinal portion 142, 144 of a rotor 18, 20 accordingly Fig. 4 to Fig. 7 are arranged, while in a further axial section a plurality of segment discs and kneading bars according to a rotor 18, 20 accordingly Fig. 14 are arranged.

Es ist weiter denkbar, dass zwecks besserer Abreinigung und Reaktionsgutförderung in einer Drehrichtung die Segmentscheiben entlang ihres Randes profilartig ausgebildet, beziehungsweise angefast sind, um die Scherung des Reaktionsgutes zwischen Segmentscheibe und Mantelwand 90 zu minimieren.It is also conceivable that, for the purpose of better cleaning and reaction product delivery in one direction of rotation, the segment disks are profiled-like along their edge, or chamfered, in order to minimize the shearing of the reaction mixture between segment disk and casing wall 90.

Es ist weiter denkbar, dass bei allen erfindungsgemässen grossvolumigen Reaktoren anstelle der Segmentscheiben andere Elemente wie Haken, Barren, Schaufeln usw. an den Rotorwellen angeordnet sind, sowie dass die Segmentscheiben, beziehungsweise die Segmentebenen mit einem kleinen Winkel um die radiale Segmentscheibenachse schräggestellt sind.It is also conceivable that in all inventive large-volume reactors instead of the segment discs other elements such as hooks, bars, blades, etc. are arranged on the rotor shafts, and that the segment discs, or the segment planes are inclined at a small angle to the radial segment disc axis.

Die Knetbarren können auch eine Verkleinerung des Reaktionsgutes bewirken, insbesondere wenn sich verfestigende und klumpende Produkte zu Materialansammlungen und Brückenbildung neigen.The kneading bars can also cause a reduction of the reaction material, especially when solidifying and clumping products tend to material accumulation and bridging.

Die mit Abreinigungskanten versehenen Knetbarren sind vorzugsweise so ausgestaltet, dass die Abreinigungskanten hinterschliffen sind und ein Freiwinkel zu den zu reinigenden Flächen besteht. Dieses Hinterschleifen, beziehungsweise Hinterdrehen bewirkt, dass das in der Spaltzone zwischen der Abreinigungskante und der Gegenfläche, beziehungsweise Mantelwand verbleibende Reaktionsgut nicht aufgewalzt wird.The Knetbarren provided with Abreinigungskanten are preferably designed so that the Abreinigungskanten are relief ground and there is a clearance angle to the surfaces to be cleaned. This back-grinding, or turning behind causes the remaining in the gap zone between the Abreinigungskante and the mating surface, or jacket wall reaction material is not rolled.

Weiter ist es denkbar, dass gewisse Komponenten oder Zusatzstoffe über geeignete drehbar gelagerte Kupplungen über die Rotorwellen in den Mischraum geführt werden. Insbesondere im Fall eines gasförmigen Zusatzstoffes kann diese direkte Zufuhr zum Reaktionsgut vorteilhaft sein.Further, it is conceivable that certain components or additives are guided via suitable rotatably mounted couplings on the rotor shafts in the mixing chamber. In particular, in the case of a gaseous additive, this direct feed to the reaction mixture may be advantageous.

Es ist weiter denkbar, dass der Reaktor anstelle des horizontalen Aufbaus einen geneigten oder gar vertikalen Aufbau aufweist, um beispielsweise die Gravitation zu Nutzen.It is also conceivable that the reactor instead of the horizontal structure has a sloping or even vertical structure, for example, to use the gravity.

Zudem ist es denkbar, dass die Rotoren bezüglich Abschnittstrennebenen nicht spiegelsymmetrisch aufgebaut sind, da sie zum Beispiel in verschiedenen Abschnitten unterschiedlich viele Knetelemente in einer Segmentebene aufweisen können.In addition, it is conceivable that the rotors are not mirror-symmetrically constructed with respect to section separation planes, since, for example, they may have different numbers of kneading elements in a segment plane in different sections.

Weiter ist eine Ausführungsform denkbar, worin der Reaktor mit zusätzlichen thermischen Austauschflächen versehen ist, indem die Rotorwelle und/oder die Segmentscheiben beheiz- und/oder kühlbar sind. Dazu weisen die Rotorwellen an jeweils einem äusseren Ende der Wellenzapfen Rotationsdichtköpfe auf.Furthermore, an embodiment is conceivable in which the reactor is provided with additional thermal exchange surfaces in that the rotor shaft and / or the segment discs can be heated and / or cooled. For this purpose, the rotor shafts on each of an outer end of the shaft journal rotational sealing heads.

Weiter ist es denkbar, in mehreren Zonen 100, 100' des Gehäuses 14 zu heizen oder zu kühlen.Furthermore, it is conceivable to heat or cool in a plurality of zones 100, 100 'of the housing 14.

Falls der Reaktor für den Einsatz als Durchlaufreaktor eingesetzt werden soll, ist es weiter denkbar, den Rotorwellen 22, 24 beim Auslass 106 ein zusätzliches Austragsmittel, beispielweise in Form einer Förderschnecke zuzuordnen.If the reactor is to be used for use as a continuous reactor, it is further conceivable to associate the rotor shafts 22, 24 at the outlet 106 with an additional discharge medium, for example in the form of a screw conveyor.

Durch entsprechende Anordnung der Bauteile und eine entsprechende Geometriewahl ist mit den obigen Angaben möglich, Reaktoren zur vollständigen Selbstreinigung, wie auch zur teilweisen Selbstreinigung zu realisieren.By appropriate arrangement of the components and a corresponding geometry choice is possible with the above information to realize reactors for complete self-cleaning, as well as for partial self-cleaning.

Wenn der Reaktor nicht kinematisch voll selbstreinigend sein muss, ist es denkbar, dass das Gehäuse 14 im Bereich des Mischraums 92 einen im wesentlichen herzförmigen oder brezelförmigen Querschnitt aufweist, wobei eine partielle Abreinigung der Mantelwand 90 durch die Knetbarren einzig im Bereich der Rotoren 18, 20 statt findet.If the reactor need not be kinematically fully self-cleaning, it is conceivable that the housing 14 in the region of the mixing chamber 92 has a substantially heart-shaped or pretzel-shaped cross section, with a partial cleaning of the jacket wall 90 by the kneading only in the area of the rotors 18, 20th takes place.

Claims (15)

  1. Large-scale reactor having at least two rotors (18, 20) which are arranged with parallel axes in a housing (14),
    wherein each of the rotors (18, 20) has a rotor shaft (22, 24) and segment discs (26, 28, 30, 32, 34) which are radially projecting therefrom at least approximately in segment planes (36, 38, 40, 42, 44) which extend at right angles to the rotor shafts (22, 24) and are spaced apart from each other in the axial direction,
    each segment disc (26, 28, 30, 32, 34) of a rotor (18, 20) is arranged offset in the circumferential direction with respect to that segment disc (26, 28, 30, 32, 34) of the same rotor (18, 20) that is adjacent when viewed in the axial direction, and bears a kneading bar (52, 54) for interaction with a circumferential wall (64) of the housing (14),
    during operation, the segment discs (26, 28, 30, 32, 34) of one rotor (18, 20) engage, through holes (60, 62) of the other rotor (18, 20) which are formed by kneading bars (52, 54), in gaps between the segment discs (26, 28, 30, 32, 34) of the other rotor (18, 20) which are associated with the same segment plane (36, 38, 40, 42, 44),
    characterized in that
    in one longitudinal section (142) of the reactor, the rotors (18, 20) impart on the reaction material a conveying motion with a component (80, 182; 198) which extends in the axial direction and, in another longitudinal section (144) with a component (168, 186; 202) which extends in the opposite direction, that the longitudinal section (142) and the other longitudinal section (144) adjoin in a section separation plane (140) which extends at right angles to the rotor shafts (22, 24), and that the section separation plane (140) coincides with one of the segment planes (36, 38, 40, 42, 44) and each segment disc (152) which is assigned to said segment plane bears, when viewed in the circumferential direction, on the one side a kneading bar (154), which is connected exclusively to the bearing segment disc (152), and on the other side a kneading bar (162), which is connected to the two segment discs (156, 158) which adjoin in the axial direction.
  2. Large-scale reactor according to Claim 1, characterized in that the rotors (18, 20) in the longitudinal section (142) and in the other longitudinal section (144) are of symmetrical design with respect to the section separation plane (140).
  3. Large-scale reactor according to one of Claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the housing (14) has two end walls (10, 12) and - except for those segment discs (47) that are associated with the segment plane (48, 50) which is located in each case closest to the end walls (10, 12) - each segment disc (26, 28, 30, 32, 34) is connected to the two segment discs (26, 28, 30, 156, 158), which are adjacent in the axial direction, by means of at least one kneading bar (52, 54, 162).
  4. Large-scale reactor according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that kneading bars (52, 54, 162) are arranged parallel to the axial direction.
  5. Large-scale reactor according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that kneading bars (174, 174', 176, 176') are arranged such that they are inclined with respect to the axial direction, and the conveying motion, which is imparted on the reaction material by the rotors (18, 20), comprises in the axial direction, on the one hand, an axial-dispersive conveyance component (80, 168) which is caused by the segment discs (26, 28, 30, 32, 34) and, on the other hand, a kinematic conveyance component (182, 186) caused by the kneading bars (174' , 176', 192', 194') which are arranged such that they are inclined.
  6. Large-scale reactor according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the kneading bars (174, 176, 192, 194) are arranged in the longitudinal section (142) with respect to the axial direction such that they are inclined in one direction and the kneading bars (174' , 176' 192', 194') in the other longitudinal section (144) are arranged such that they are inclined in the opposite direction.
  7. Large-scale reactor according to Claim 5, characterized in that at least in the longitudinal section (142) the kinematic conveyance component (182) and the axial-dispersive conveyance component (80) have the same direction axially.
  8. Large-scale reactor according to Claim 5, characterized in that at least in the longitudinal section (142) the kinematic conveyance component (198) has an opposite direction axially with respect to the axial-dispersive conveyance component (80).
  9. Large-scale reactor according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the segment discs (26, 28, 30, 32, 34) are arranged on helical lines which extend coaxially to the respective rotor shafts (22, 24).
  10. Large-scale reactor according to Claim 9, characterized in that the helical lines in the longitudinal section (142) have another inclination than the helical lines in the other longitudinal section (144).
  11. Large-scale reactor according to Claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the spiral lines in the longitudinal section (142) have a rotational direction that is opposite to the spiral lines in the other longitudinal section (144).
  12. Large-scale reactor according to one of Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the kneading bars (52, 54) have a substantially drop-shaped cross section.
  13. Large-scale reactor according to one of Claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the housing (14) has at least one vapour connection (108) and at least one inlet (104) in order to be able to feed into one or more components.
  14. Large-scale reactor according to one of Claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the housing (14) has at least one outlet (106) in order to be able to remove the reaction material after processing has finished.
  15. Method for operating a large-scale reactor according to one of Claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the rotors (18, 20) are driven during operation always in opposite directions and alternately in one rotational direction and also in the opposite rotational direction.
EP05008591A 2005-04-20 2005-04-20 Large scale mixer / reactor Not-in-force EP1714694B2 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05008591A EP1714694B2 (en) 2005-04-20 2005-04-20 Large scale mixer / reactor
AT05008591T ATE423614T1 (en) 2005-04-20 2005-04-20 LARGE VOLUME MIXER/REACTOR
DE502005006692T DE502005006692D1 (en) 2005-04-20 2005-04-20 Large volume mixer / reactor
ES05008591T ES2321412T3 (en) 2005-04-20 2005-04-20 LARGE VOLUME MIXER / REACTOR.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05008591A EP1714694B2 (en) 2005-04-20 2005-04-20 Large scale mixer / reactor

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1714694A1 EP1714694A1 (en) 2006-10-25
EP1714694B1 EP1714694B1 (en) 2009-02-25
EP1714694B2 true EP1714694B2 (en) 2011-11-02

Family

ID=34979635

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05008591A Not-in-force EP1714694B2 (en) 2005-04-20 2005-04-20 Large scale mixer / reactor

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1714694B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE423614T1 (en)
DE (1) DE502005006692D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2321412T3 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE502005010587D1 (en) 2005-12-05 2011-01-05 Buss Sms Canzler Gmbh Large-volume reactor or thin-film evaporator with a premixing unit
ITNA20080041A1 (en) * 2008-07-17 2010-01-18 Catalano Adriana MIXING AND HEATING SYSTEM, INCOERENT MATERIALS
DE102008048580B4 (en) 2008-09-23 2014-08-21 List Holding Ag Device for carrying out mechanical, chemical and / or thermal processes
DE102012103565A1 (en) * 2012-04-24 2013-10-24 List Holding Ag Device for transporting viscous masses and pastes

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2012294A1 (en) † 1969-03-17 1970-10-01 Heinz List Mixing and kneading machine
DE2349106A1 (en) † 1972-10-18 1974-05-02 List Heinz MIXING KNEDE WITH COUNTER SHOVELS
EP0274668A1 (en) † 1986-12-19 1988-07-20 List AG Kneading mixer
EP0715881A2 (en) † 1994-12-05 1996-06-12 Bayer Ag Fully self-cleaning mixer/reactor

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2123956C3 (en) * 1970-05-20 1979-09-20 Heinz Dipl.-Ing. Pratteln List (Schweiz) Mixing and kneading machine
JPS5021514B2 (en) * 1972-04-12 1975-07-23
DE10150900C1 (en) * 2001-10-18 2003-04-24 List Ag Mixer-kneader for chemical, physical and thermal processing, has thicker and thinner carrier components mounted on shaft

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2012294A1 (en) † 1969-03-17 1970-10-01 Heinz List Mixing and kneading machine
DE2349106A1 (en) † 1972-10-18 1974-05-02 List Heinz MIXING KNEDE WITH COUNTER SHOVELS
EP0274668A1 (en) † 1986-12-19 1988-07-20 List AG Kneading mixer
EP0715881A2 (en) † 1994-12-05 1996-06-12 Bayer Ag Fully self-cleaning mixer/reactor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1714694A1 (en) 2006-10-25
EP1714694B1 (en) 2009-02-25
DE502005006692D1 (en) 2009-04-09
ES2321412T3 (en) 2009-06-05
ATE423614T1 (en) 2009-03-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0160124B1 (en) Co-rotating twin screw kneader having kneading discs
EP0719582B1 (en) Reactor for free-flowing and higher-viscosity substances
EP2018946B1 (en) Mixing and kneading machine for continuous preparation processes and method for carrying out continuous preparation processes with a mixing and kneading machine
EP0144092B1 (en) Mixing and kneading machine
EP0788867A1 (en) Apparatus for continuous processing of flowable materials
AT511780B1 (en) PIPE REACTOR FOR THE THERMAL TREATMENT OF BIOMASS
EP2800622B1 (en) Device for carrying out mechanical, chemical, and/or thermal processes
EP0329092A1 (en) Mixer-kneader with plural shafts
EP1829660B1 (en) Mixer and kneader for plastics
EP1792643B1 (en) High volume reactor and/or thin film evaporator employing a premixing device
EP2900358B1 (en) Mixing kneader for implementing mechanical, chemical and/or thermal processes
EP1714694B2 (en) Large scale mixer / reactor
DE19611852A1 (en) Self-cleaning reactor / mixer for highly viscous and cohesive mixes
CH517575A (en) Vertical kneading mixer for plastic materials and the like
EP0588008A1 (en) Method and apparatus for high performance degassing and gasifying
DE3519349C2 (en)
EP0930141A1 (en) Mixer
EP1025289B1 (en) Device for mixing and transporting a polymer melt
WO1997031767A2 (en) Multi-shaft worm machine
WO1988003053A1 (en) Mixing-drying unit
EP0584151B1 (en) Mixing tool
EP0049835B1 (en) Method and apparatus for the crystallisation of melts with simultaneous disintegration
EP2105201B1 (en) Device and method for mixing viscous or plastic media
DE4329612A1 (en) Screw element for a screw machine
WO2015169827A2 (en) Device and method for carrying out mechanical, chemical and/or thermal processes

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: AL BA HR LV MK YU

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: BUSS-SMS-CANZLER GMBH

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20070407

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20070525

AKX Designation fees paid

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: NV

Representative=s name: PATENTANWAELTE SCHAAD, BALASS, MENZL & PARTNER AG

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMAN

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 502005006692

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 20090409

Kind code of ref document: P

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2321412

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090225

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090225

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090225

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090525

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090625

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090225

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FD4D

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090225

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090225

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090812

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090225

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090225

PLBI Opposition filed

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009260

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090225

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090225

PLAX Notice of opposition and request to file observation + time limit sent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNOBS2

26 Opposition filed

Opponent name: LIST HOLDING AG

Effective date: 20091123

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090525

NLR1 Nl: opposition has been filed with the epo

Opponent name: LIST HOLDING AG

PLAF Information modified related to communication of a notice of opposition and request to file observations + time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSCOBS2

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20090430

PLBB Reply of patent proprietor to notice(s) of opposition received

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNOBS3

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20090420

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090526

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20090420

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090826

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 20110426

Year of fee payment: 7

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20110421

Year of fee payment: 7

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20110510

Year of fee payment: 7

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20110401

Year of fee payment: 7

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090225

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20110421

Year of fee payment: 7

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20110426

Year of fee payment: 7

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 20110414

Year of fee payment: 7

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090225

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20110419

Year of fee payment: 7

PUAH Patent maintained in amended form

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009272

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: PATENT MAINTAINED AS AMENDED

27A Patent maintained in amended form

Effective date: 20111102

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B2

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: AEN

Free format text: AUFRECHTERHALTUNG DES PATENTES IN GEAENDERTER FORM

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R102

Ref document number: 502005006692

Country of ref document: DE

Effective date: 20111102

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: VDEP

Effective date: 20111102

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20111102

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: BUSS-SMS-CANZLER G.M.B.H.

Effective date: 20120430

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20120420

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

Effective date: 20121228

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20120430

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20120430

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20120430

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20120420

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20120420

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20120430

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R119

Ref document number: 502005006692

Country of ref document: DE

Effective date: 20121101

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090605

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20120213

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20121101