EP1714577A2 - Warmluftgebläse mit keramischem Heizelement - Google Patents

Warmluftgebläse mit keramischem Heizelement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1714577A2
EP1714577A2 EP06007714A EP06007714A EP1714577A2 EP 1714577 A2 EP1714577 A2 EP 1714577A2 EP 06007714 A EP06007714 A EP 06007714A EP 06007714 A EP06007714 A EP 06007714A EP 1714577 A2 EP1714577 A2 EP 1714577A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating element
ceramic base
electric
hot air
ceramic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP06007714A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1714577A3 (de
Inventor
Kam Tao Lo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hexagear Industries Ltd
Hexagear Ind Ltd
Original Assignee
Hexagear Industries Ltd
Hexagear Ind Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Hexagear Industries Ltd, Hexagear Ind Ltd filed Critical Hexagear Industries Ltd
Publication of EP1714577A2 publication Critical patent/EP1714577A2/de
Publication of EP1714577A3 publication Critical patent/EP1714577A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A45—HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
    • A45D—HAIRDRESSING OR SHAVING EQUIPMENT; EQUIPMENT FOR COSMETICS OR COSMETIC TREATMENTS, e.g. FOR MANICURING OR PEDICURING
    • A45D20/00—Hair drying devices; Accessories therefor
    • A45D20/22—Helmets with hot air supply or ventilating means, e.g. electrically heated air current
    • A45D20/38—Arrangement of the electric heating means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
    • H05B3/26—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base
    • H05B3/265—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base the insulating base being an inorganic material, e.g. ceramic

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to home appliances involving electric heating, and more particularly, to hair blowers and electric air heaters having heating elements.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates an in inner structure of an existing electric hot air blower 100, where the electric heater is made of wound nickel-chromium alloy wires.
  • Blower 100 includes a housing 105, an air inlet 110, an air outlet 115, a driving motor 120, a fan 125, and resistance heating wires 130 wrapped around a bracket 135.
  • Resistance heating wires 130 when an electric current is applied thereto, heat up and heat air blown from fan 125 that contacts wires 130.
  • Fig.2 shows several common winding patterns of the existing electric hot air blower resistance wires 130.
  • Fig. 2A shows a spring coil pattern
  • Fig. 2B shows a delta pattern
  • Fig. 2C shows a long arc pattern of heating wires 130.
  • U.S. Patent No. 6,378,225 B1 discloses an air blower that uses a ceramic radiator, suspended on a bracket, that can emit far infrared radiation. Nickel-chromium resistance wires are wound around the ceramic radiator.
  • resistance wires emit light, resulting in a low efficiency in the conversion from electricity to heat and a consequent waste of energy.
  • Current electric heaters having ceramic radiators are also inefficient, as electric heaters made up of nickel-chromium resistance wires heat the far infrared ceramic radiators indirectly, resulting in a low emission efficiency.
  • a heating element for an electric air heater including an electric power source, a ceramic base, and a conductive heating film substantially uniformly deposited on at least a portion of a surface of the base and electrically connected to the power source.
  • a method for manufacturing the heating element is also provided.
  • an electric hot air blower including a housing having an air inlet and an air outlet, a fan operatively connected to an electric motor, and an electric heating element located inside the housing that includes a ceramic base and a conductive film substantially uniformly deposited on a surface of the base and electrically connected to a power source.
  • the electric heating element is aligned with an air flow path of the blower for heating air flow.
  • Fig. 1 is a side cross-sectional view of a prior art hot air blower.
  • Fig. 2 is a front view showing variations of the hot air blower of Fig. 1, particularly showing several common winding patterns of resistance wires.
  • Fig. 3 is a side cross-sectional view of one embodiment of an electric hot air blower of the present invention including cylindrical ceramic elements constituting both a heater and a voltage dropping resistor for a driving motor.
  • Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the internal structure of the electric hot air blower of Fig. 3.
  • Fig. 5A is a side cross-sectional view
  • Fig. 5B is a front cross-sectional view, of a cylindrical ceramic heating element according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 6A is a side cross-sectional view
  • Fig. 6B is a front cross-sectional view, of a square tubular ceramic heating element according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 7A is a side cross-sectional view
  • Fig. 7B is a front cross-sectional view, of a cone shaped ceramic heating element according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 8A is a side cross-sectional view along a plane represented by the line A-A
  • Fig. 8B is a front cross-sectional view in a plane perpendicular to plane A-A, of a column-shaped heating element according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a front cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the heating element of the present invention having multiple interior components.
  • Fig.10 is an electric schematic drawing, showing a single piece of a ceramic heating element as a voltage dropping resistor.
  • Fig.11 is an electric schematic drawing, showing two pieces of ceramic heating elements incorporated as a voltage dropping resistor.
  • Fig.12 is a perspective view showing the internal structure of a second embodiment of an electric hot air blower of the present invention, shown assembled.
  • Fig.13 is a perspective view showing the internal structure of the electric air blower of Fig. 12, shown disassembled.
  • an electric hot air blower i.e., a hair dryer
  • Hair blower 300 utilizes a newly developed heating element, including conductive film or thin layer deposited on and preferably attached to a ceramic base, as an air heater.
  • Hair blower 300 includes a shell 305 with an air inlet 310 and an air outlet 315, a fan 320 operatively connected to a driving motor 325 assembled inside shell 305. Also mounted or assembled inside shell 305 is an electric heating element 330 for heating airflow and a power control assembly including a secondary/auxiliary heater and/or voltage dropping resistor 335.
  • a bracket 340 holds heating element 330 and voltage dropping resistor 335 in position along an air flow path of hair blower 300.
  • resistor 335 acts as a dropping resistor, and may also act as a secondary heater. In another embodiment, resistor 335 acts only as a secondary heater.
  • Electric heating element 330 includes a ceramic base, upon whose surfaces are deposited a film that is preferably adhered to ceramic base.
  • the thickness of the film is preferably between about 0.8 mm to 1.5 mm. In a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the film is about 1.2 mm.
  • the film is an electrically conductive film having a resistance sufficient to produce a desired amount of heat upon application of a selected current. Heating element 330, when heated, emits far infrared radiation.
  • the resistance heating film on heating element 330 When power is switched on, the resistance heating film on heating element 330 will be heated first, and then the ceramic base of heating element 330 is heated directly, which will emit far infrared radiation at high temperature to heat airflow passing over it.
  • the heated air will be forced out of air outlet 315 by the airflow produced by fan 320, thus acquiring high electricity-heat conversion efficiency, high far infrared emission efficiency and less air resistance.
  • Hair Blower 300 also includes a power control assembly.
  • Power control assembly includes a voltage dropping device 335 connected to driving motor 325.
  • Dropping device 335 lowers the voltage from the higher voltage supplied by a power source, such as power accessed from a wall socket, to a lower voltage suitable for driving motor 325.
  • Dropping device 335 preferably includes a heating element that includes a conductive resistance heating film deposited on a ceramic base as the voltage dropping resistor. Dropping device 335 is thus preferably of a similar structure as heating element 330, and materials used for the ceramic base and resistive film of dropping device 335 are preferably the same materials used for the ceramic base and resistive film of heating element 330.
  • Both heating element 330 and voltage dropping device 335 are mounted on a bracket 340 located between fan 320 and air outlet 315.
  • bracket 340 is a mica bracket.
  • heating element 330 includes a ceramic base piece 345 having a resistive heating film adhered to at least part of the surface of base piece 345.
  • the resistive heating film is deposited on all exterior surfaces of base piece 345.
  • Base piece 345 can take any desired shape, such as a hollow cylinder shown in Figs. 5A and 5B, a hollow square tubular shape shown in Figs. 6A and 6B, and a hollow conical shape.
  • An example of a conical shaped ceramic base piece 345 is shown in Figs. 7A and 7B, in which the bore 705 is cylindrical and the external surface 710 is conic.
  • Electrodes may be adhered to, or incorporated in, a part of the resistive heating film.
  • ceramic base piece 345 includes a plurality of ceramic tubular structures surrounded by an exterior ceramic tubular structure.
  • An example is shown in Fig. 9, in which ceramic base piece 345 includes an exterior ceramic base piece 347 and multiple ceramic interior base pieces 349.
  • the interior pieces 349 and the exterior piece 347 are made from the same material.
  • the conductive resistive heating film is applied only to the exterior of exterior piece 347, but the heating film may also be applied to portions of both the exterior piece 347 and the interior pieces 349.
  • four hollow tubular interior ceramic pieces are shown, although any number may be used.
  • heating element 330 includes a conductive resistive heating film that is substantially uniformly deposited on a surface of the ceramic base, and is adhered to the ceramic base.
  • the conductive film may be sintered onto the surface of the ceramic base.
  • the conductive film preferably includes electrodes incorporated into or electrically connected to the conductive film for connection between heating element 330 and a power source.
  • ceramic base piece 340 is made of quality ceramic having a thickness of about 0.5 to 3.0 mm thick.
  • the ceramic material contains aluminum oxide.
  • the resistive heating film may contain any of a number of compositions such as germanium, borosilicate, ytterbium oxide, a semiconductor ceramic far-infrared material, and bismuth oxide.
  • the resistive heating film does not contain any potentially harmful substances such as lead, mercury, a semiconductor ceramic far-infrared material, hexavalent chromium, polyether, benzene, and benzoic acid.
  • the resistive heating film is made from a slurry that is adhered to ceramic base piece 340 by sintering.
  • the expansion coefficient of the slurry is preferably substantially the same as that of the material of ceramic base piece 340.
  • the slurry is first applied to the selected surfaces of ceramic base piece 345, preferably by spraying. After applied onto the selected surfaces, the slurry is sintered on the surfaces at a temperature of, e.g., about 1300°C to form a uniform resistive heating film. Electrodes are then formed by applying additional slurry on the surface at preferably both ends of ceramic base piece 345 together with welding leads for electric connections. The additional slurry is then sintered at a high temperature, such as 1300°C to firmly fix the electrodes to the resistive heating film.
  • the manufacturing requirements of dropping resistor 335 constructed from the ceramic base and the resistive film are generally more stringent than those used for manufacture of heating element 330. Many factors may influence physical properties of the resistance film, including ratios of germanium, borosilicate, ytterbium oxide, a semiconductor ceramic far-infrared material, bismuth oxide and, purity of bonding substance, particle size and degree of uniformity of the compositions, spraying thickness and technology. For example, if the resistive film is not uniformly applied to the ceramic base of dropping resistor 335, the DC motor may change its rotating speed continuously and the DC current may vary, thus causing great noise and shortening the motor's service life. Resistive film should be sprayed on or applied to the ceramic base to ensure a uniform resistive film to ensure stable resistance value and thus stable rotation speed of the DC motor, based on different power and voltage requirements of the motors.
  • the voltage applied to driving motor 325 inside electric hot air blower 300 should not be too high, and is preferably at a level of about 24 V (DC) or below, which is generally converted from AC 110V or 220V.
  • Figs. 10 and 11 are circuit diagrams showing embodiments of the electrical setup of dropping device 335 and motor 325.
  • a dropping resistor 1045 includes only one piece of a heating element that includes a ceramic base having a conductive resistive heating film adhered to its surface.
  • Dropping resistor 1045 is electrically connected to a motor 1020 in serial in circuit 1000, which comprises four diodes 1050 to form a rectifier circuit 1021.
  • the heating element is connected in serial in circuit 1000 with the DC motor 1020 that drives a fan in the air blower.
  • AC power voltage is dropped by dropping resistor 1045 prior to reaching the rectifier circuit input terminal, and DC voltage is thus supplied to the DC motor 1020 from the output terminal.
  • Fig. 11 shows a circuit where two pieces of heating elements, each including a ceramic base having a conductive heating film adhered to its surface, are connected in parallel in a circuit 1100 as dropping resistors 1145 for a motor 1120 that drives a fan in the air blower.
  • Motor 1120 includes four diodes 1150 to form a rectifier circuit 1121, which is connected to a power supply 1155.
  • Other connections in circuit 1100 are similar to those of circuit 1000.
  • Dropping resistors 1145 in this embodiment are connected in parallel in circuit 1100 with the DC motor 1120 driving the fan.
  • dropping resistors can also be used in conjunction with an AC motor to drive the fan.
  • the heating elements are used in the above embodiments as dropping resistors, they also act as an auxiliary heater to the electric hot air blower, providing additional air heating capability.
  • Hair blower 1200 includes a fan 1220 operatively connected to a driving motor 1225, an electric heating element 1230 for heating airflow and a voltage dropping resistor 1235. Bracket 1240 holds heating element 1230 and voltage dropping resistor 1235 in position along an air flow path of hair blower 1200.
  • dropping resistors 1235 are provided as two separate pieces secured to a bracket 1240. Dropping resistors 1235 are shown as two flat rectangular pieces, although other shapes, sizes and numbers may be utilized. Heating element 1230 and dropping resistors 1235, each of which include a ceramic base having a conductive film deposited and/or adhered to its surface, are assembled inside a shell of hair blower 1200 (not shown), by way of a mica bracket 1240.
  • Heating element 1230 acts to heat air blowing from fan 1220 to an outlet, and dropping resistors 1235, in the form of rectangular strips in the present embodiment, act as both dropping resistors for the driving motor of fan 1220 and as auxiliary heaters.
  • the heating elements and dropping resistors are provided as separate components.
  • a single heating element can be utilized to act as both a heater and a dropping resistor.
  • a heating element having a ceramic base with a conductive heating film is provided to heat airflow, and a selected portion of the conductive heating film in the heater makes a dropping resistor for the motor.
  • the heating element has numerous advantages, including the physical properties of uniform heat generation and far infrared emission.
  • the heated ceramic base can directly emit strong far infrared that has healthcare function.
  • the heating element's flat and smooth surface also induces less air resistance, resulting in a more efficient air blower.
  • the heating element features large surface area and low air resistance. As air resistance is low and air passage is smooth, rotation speed of the fan can be reduced, leading to reduction of noises. Furthermore, avoidance of resistance coils avoids the disadvantages inherent therewith, such as uneven heating and "spitting".
  • the conductive surface heating film is preferably sintered onto the ceramic base after the resistance slurry material is sprayed on surface of said ceramic base, the film is uniform, thus resulting in even temperature distribution and long service life.
  • the air blower can be reduced in size and cost, and can simplify assembly.
  • heaters of the present invention can produce and utilize a laminar airflow. These units channel the air through the front of the dryer, with minimal turbulence.
  • a conventional wire heater creates turbulence to effectively heat the air and avoid troublesome hot spots that fatigue and break wires. Therefore turbulence is a necessity in prior art wire coil dryers, and does not create a smooth passage of air through the grill.
  • the nature of the heating tubes of the present invention creates superior airflow with reduced turbulence, with actually less fan speed, that also increases the life of the dryer motor. Reduced turbulence results in easier airflow from the fan to the air outlet, allowing the fan to be run at a slower speed, resulting in energy savings and an increase in the life of the dryer.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Direct Air Heating By Heater Or Combustion Gas (AREA)
EP06007714A 2005-04-18 2006-04-12 Warmluftgebläse mit keramischem Heizelement Withdrawn EP1714577A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CNU2005200159781U CN2856836Y (zh) 2005-04-18 2005-04-18 一种电热风机

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1714577A2 true EP1714577A2 (de) 2006-10-25
EP1714577A3 EP1714577A3 (de) 2010-08-04

Family

ID=36527196

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06007714A Withdrawn EP1714577A3 (de) 2005-04-18 2006-04-12 Warmluftgebläse mit keramischem Heizelement

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20070033825A1 (de)
EP (1) EP1714577A3 (de)
CN (1) CN2856836Y (de)
WO (1) WO2006111048A1 (de)

Cited By (2)

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CN100532939C (zh) * 2006-12-14 2009-08-26 张德业 一种应用于热风机上的热风枪枪咀
KR101312014B1 (ko) 2010-07-12 2013-11-14 오태준 헤어 드라이어

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CN205338022U (zh) * 2016-01-07 2016-06-29 台州劲霸健康科技有限公司 远红外灯陶瓷理疗电吹风
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US20070033825A1 (en) 2007-02-15
WO2006111048A1 (fr) 2006-10-26
CN2856836Y (zh) 2007-01-10
EP1714577A3 (de) 2010-08-04

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