EP1688568B1 - Door, in particular for a motor vehicle - Google Patents
Door, in particular for a motor vehicle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1688568B1 EP1688568B1 EP06001950A EP06001950A EP1688568B1 EP 1688568 B1 EP1688568 B1 EP 1688568B1 EP 06001950 A EP06001950 A EP 06001950A EP 06001950 A EP06001950 A EP 06001950A EP 1688568 B1 EP1688568 B1 EP 1688568B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- door
- vehicle
- articulated arm
- pin
- connecting rod
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 22
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
- E05D3/00—Hinges with pins
- E05D3/06—Hinges with pins with two or more pins
- E05D3/12—Hinges with pins with two or more pins with two parallel pins and one arm
- E05D3/125—Hinges with pins with two or more pins with two parallel pins and one arm specially adapted for vehicles
- E05D3/127—Hinges with pins with two or more pins with two parallel pins and one arm specially adapted for vehicles for vehicle doors
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
- E05D15/00—Suspension arrangements for wings
- E05D15/06—Suspension arrangements for wings for wings sliding horizontally more or less in their own plane
- E05D15/10—Suspension arrangements for wings for wings sliding horizontally more or less in their own plane movable out of one plane into a second parallel plane
- E05D15/1005—Suspension arrangements for wings for wings sliding horizontally more or less in their own plane movable out of one plane into a second parallel plane the wing being supported on arms movable in horizontal planes
- E05D15/101—Suspension arrangements for wings for wings sliding horizontally more or less in their own plane movable out of one plane into a second parallel plane the wing being supported on arms movable in horizontal planes specially adapted for vehicles
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
- E05D15/00—Suspension arrangements for wings
- E05D15/56—Suspension arrangements for wings with successive different movements
- E05D15/58—Suspension arrangements for wings with successive different movements with both swinging and sliding movements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
- E05Y2900/50—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for vehicles
- E05Y2900/53—Type of wing
- E05Y2900/531—Doors
Definitions
- the invention relates to a door for a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, according to the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle.
- the invention can be applied to vehicles of all kinds, ie land vehicles, watercraft and aircraft.
- a door for a motor vehicle is from the DE 30 26 037 known. It is a so-called sliding door. To open the door, it must first be swung out of the plane of the vehicle body. Subsequently, the door is moved parallel to the vehicle body forward or backward. Accordingly, the door comprises a hinge on which an articulated arm is pivotally mounted. The other end of the articulated arm is pivotally connected to the motor vehicle.
- the DE 298 19 076 U1 shows a further door for a vehicle that allows only a rotational movement when opening and after reaching a predetermined opening angle a pure sliding movement.
- the object of the invention is to propose a door for a vehicle that can be opened and closed both as a sliding door and as a revolving door.
- the hinge on which the articulated arm is pivotally mounted can be locked. If the door is to be opened as a revolving door, the swivel joint is locked. The door can then be opened by turning the articulated connection of the articulated arm with the vehicle. If the door is to be opened as a sliding door, the lock of the swivel joint is released. When the door is opened, the articulated arm is pivoted about the joint provided on the vehicle. It will also pivoted the swivel - in the opposite direction - so that the door is swung out of the plane of the body. It can then be moved parallel to the vehicle body.
- the hinge is provided on a carriage which is slidably guided in a guide rail.
- the guide rail is provided in the door.
- a pull rod is provided which is hingedly connected to the guide carriage.
- the pivot axis of the pull rod on the guide carriage is preferably at a distance from the hinge of the articulated arm on the guide carriage.
- the pull rod is either connected to the articulated arm or hinged to the vehicle or connected.
- the hinge axis between the drawbar and the vehicle is preferably located at a distance from the pivot axis of the articulated arm to the vehicle.
- a first shift pin is present, which can be brought into a position connecting the pull rod to the articulated arm. It is advantageous if, instead or additionally, a second shift pin is present, which can be brought into a position connecting the pull rod to the vehicle in an articulated manner. It is possible to provide a plurality of first shift pin and / or a plurality of second shift pin. It is advantageous if two first shift pin and / or two second shift pin are present. One or both shift pins can be spring loaded. The first shift pin and / or the second shift pin can be brought by a sliding curve in the switching position described.
- the hinge is preferably lockable in several pivotal positions. It is advantageous if the rotary joint can be locked in two pivotal positions.
- the first pivotal position is preferably that pivotal position in which the pivot is located when the door is closed. If the hinge is locked in this pivotal position, the door can be opened by a rotary motion, ie as a revolving door.
- the second pivotal position in which the hinge is lockable is preferably that pivotal position in which the hinge is located when the hinge arm and the door have been pivoted such that the door is spaced from the body of the vehicle and parallel in one direction located to the body of the vehicle. In this locked pivot position, the door can then be moved parallel to the vehicle body, so the door can be opened as a sliding door.
- a rotary valve is provided, through which the first switching pin can be brought into the position connecting the pull rod to the articulated arm.
- the rotary valve of the second shift pin in which the drawbar pivotally connected to the vehicle position can be brought.
- the rotary valve is preferably provided on the pivot axis of the articulated arm on the vehicle.
- a locking lever is pivotally mounted on the guide carriage.
- a further advantageous embodiment is characterized in that the locking lever has a guide groove for a locking pin provided on the door.
- the guide groove is directed substantially to the pivot axis of the locking lever out.
- a vehicle according to the invention in particular a motor vehicle, is characterized by one or more doors according to the invention.
- the drawing figures show a door 1, which is connected to a motor vehicle 2.
- the door 1 comprises a door box 3 and an outer panel 4.
- the motor vehicle 2 facing region a rotary joint 5 is fixed, in which the pivot pin 6 of an articulated arm 7 is pivotally mounted.
- the articulated arm 7 comprises a straight central piece, from each of which two end pieces bend at an angle of about 45 °.
- the articulated arm 7 is provided at its other end with a further pivot 8 which is articulated in a hinge joint 9.
- the hinge joint 9 is connected to the body of the motor vehicle. It is attached to a metal sheet 11 of the A-pillar 10. At the peripheral flange of Mitaussitess a seal 12 is attached.
- the hinge 5 is provided on a carriage 13, which is guided in a guide rail 14 of the door 1 slidably.
- the guide rail 14 extends in the body direction, ie in the vehicle longitudinal direction.
- the hinge 5 is locked. It can be used both in the Fig. 1 shown position as well as in the Fig. 2 and 3 shown locked position.
- Fig. 2 When the in Fig. 2 shown position is reached, in which the door 1 is located at a distance from the body of the vehicle and in which the door 1 is also in a direction parallel to the vehicle body, the hinge 5 is locked. Furthermore, remains or is in the position of Fig. 2 the locking of the carriage 13 is released. The door 1 can then be moved in the z-direction, ie in the direction parallel to the vehicle body or in the vehicle longitudinal direction. In Fig. 3 a corresponding position of the door 1 is shown, in which the door 1 is partially opened.
- the pivoting range of the rotary joint 5 is limited in such a way that the door 1 is not on the position in Fig. 1 can be pivoted clockwise relative to the articulated arm 7 and not on the in Fig. 2 shown position relative to the articulated arm 7 can be pivoted in a counterclockwise direction.
- Fig. 5 to 12 show an embodiment of the door according to the invention, in which matching components are provided with the same reference numerals.
- a pull rod 18 is present, which is connected to the vehicle and the carriage.
- Fig. 11 shows a section along the line AA in Fig. 7 by the bearing shaft 16, which is rotatably mounted on the connected to the body of the motor vehicle hinge 9 by deep groove ball bearings 17.
- a pull rod 18 is provided which comprises an upper pull rod 18a and a lower pull rod 18b.
- the upper drawbar 18a is located between the articulated arm 7 and the upper part 9a of the articulated hinge 9.
- the lower drawbar 18b is located between the articulated arm 7 and the lower part 9b of the articulated hinge 9.
- the drawbars 18a, 18b are in this way between the articulated arm 7 and the parts 9a and 9b of the hinge joint 9 slidably clamped.
- a rotary valve 19 is rotatably connected, which has an upper part 19 a, a lower part 19 b and a middle part 19 c.
- first shift pin 20a, 20b are present, which are longitudinally displaceably guided in associated bearing bushes 21a, 21b.
- the bushings 21 a, 21 b extend parallel to and at a distance from the bearing shaft 16.
- the head at the lower end of the upper first switching pin 20 a rests on the upper sliding curve 22 a of the central part 19 c of the rotary valve 19.
- the head rests on the upper end of the lower first switching pin 20b on the lower sliding cam 22b of the middle part 19c of the rotary valve 19.
- compression springs 23a, 23b which are provided between the bushings 21a, 21b and the heads of the first shift pin 20a, 20b, the first shift pin 20a, 20b are loaded to the sliding curves 22a, 22b out.
- second switching pins 24a, 24b are provided in the hinges 9a, 9b, which are guided longitudinally displaceably in associated bearing bushes 25a, 25b.
- the bearing bushes 25a, 25b extend parallel to and at a distance from the bearing shaft 16.
- the head at the upper end of the upper second switching pin 24a rests on the sliding cam 26a on the underside of the upper part 19a of the rotary valve 19.
- the head rests on the sliding cam 26b on the upper side of the lower part 19b of the rotary valve 19 at the lower end of the lower second switching pin 24b.
- the second switching pins 24a, 24b are aligned with the first shift pins 20a, 20b.
- compression springs 27a, 27b which are provided between the bearing bushes 25a, 25b and the heads of the second switching pin 24a, 24b, the second shift pin 24a, 24b are loaded to the slide curves 26a, 26b out.
- a hinge 5 is provided in which a vertical pivot pin 6 is rotatably mounted.
- the bearings are located in an upper bearing plate 28a and a lower bearing plate 28b, which extend parallel to each other and at a distance from each other and between which the articulated arm 7 is arranged, which is also pivotally mounted about the pivot pin 6.
- the guide rail 14 comprises an upper rail 14a and a lower rail 14b, which are arranged one above the other and which are each tubular.
- the rails 14a, 14b have an annular cross-section. They are connected by a central part 30 with each other.
- the middle part 30 has an elongated rectangular cross-section, the center axis of which lies in the plane of connection of the centers of the rails 14a, 14b. It is provided in its center with a connecting part 31 which faces towards the vehicle interior and at the end of a diaphragm 32 is fixed, which has a substantially rectangular cross-section.
- the panel 32 covers the rails 14a, 14b toward the vehicle interior. Its upper end projects beyond the upper rail 14a.
- the guide carriage 13 comprises an upper guide sleeve 33a and a lower bearing sleeve 33b, which extend over an angular range of about 270 ° and in which the rails 14a, 14b are guided longitudinally displaceable.
- the bearing sleeves 33a, 33b are supported by respective projections 34a, 34b of the carriage 13, which face each other in a corresponding manner and have a recess extending over an angular range of approximately 90 ° in order to make room for the central part 30 of the guide rail 14.
- a recess 35 for the panel 32 is provided in the carriage 13. Thereafter, the guide carriage 13, the bearing plates 28a, 28b.
- a locking lever 36 is further provided, which is pivotally mounted about the axis of the pivot pin 6 (In Fig. 12 the locking lever 36 has been omitted for the sake of simplified drawing).
- the locking lever 36 has in the region of its end a guide groove 37 which is open towards its end and which is directed substantially to the pivot axis of the locking lever 36, ie to the pivot pin 6 out.
- In the guide groove 37 may be provided on the door 1 provided locking pin 38.
- Fig. 11 is the basic position of the shift pin 20a, 20b, 24a, 24b shown, in which the first shift pin 20a, 20b rigidly connect the tie rods 18a, 18b to the articulated arm 7.
- How out Fig. 11 visible pass through the first shift pin 20a, 20b both the bearing bushes 21a, 21b of the articulated arm 7 and the tie rods 18a, 18b. They end at a short distance in front of the hinge joints 9a, 9b. In this way, the articulated arm 7 and the tie rods 18a, 18b are rigidly connected together, in the sense that upon pivoting of the articulated arm 7 about the bearing shaft 16, the tie rods 18a, 18b are forcibly pivoted.
- the provided on the door 1 locking pin 38 engages in the outer end of the guide groove 37 of the locking lever 36 a. In this way, the locking pin 38 locks the locking lever 36 and with this the guide carriage 13.
- the door can be opened like a conventional swing door by a rotational movement about the bearing shaft 16 until the in Fig. 9 shown, opened position is reached.
- the rotary valve 19 is rotated by 90 ° clockwise until it the in Fig. 6 . 7 and 8th has reached the position shown.
- the shift pins 20a, 20b 23a, 23b by the strength of the tie rods 18a, 18b to the central part 19c of the rotary valve 19 is shifted toward.
- the head of the upper first switching pin 20a runs down on the upper sliding cam 22a of the middle part 19c of the rotary valve 19 until it has reached the height of the line 39a. This movement of the upper first switching pin 20a is assisted by the force of the compression spring 23a.
- the lower first shift pin 20b is held by the force of the compression spring 23b in contact with the lower sliding cam 22b, which extends over the quarter turn of the bearing shaft 16 to the height of the line 39b.
- the outer ends of the first shift pins 20a, 20b release the tie rods 18a, 18b.
- the upper second switching pin 24a is pressed against the force of the compression spring 27a during the rotation of the rotary valve 19 by the sliding cam 26a at the bottom of the upper part 19a of the rotary valve 19 until its lower end is slightly above the lower end surface of the upper tie rod 18a ,
- the lower second switching pin 24a is pressed in a corresponding manner during the rotation of the rotary valve 19 by the sliding curve 26b at the top of the lower part 19b of the rotary valve 19 against the force of the compression spring 27b up until its upper end slightly below the upper end surface of the lower Pull rod 18b is located.
- the second shift pin 24a, 24b make an articulated connection between the tie rods 18a, 18b and the hinge joints 9a, 9b, so a connection between the tie rods 18a, 18b and the vehicle.
- the bearing shaft 16, the second switching pin 24a, 24b, the pivot pin 6 and the pivot pin 15 in the bearing points 29a, 29b of the carriage 13 is a four-bar linkage.
- the guide carriage 13 is taken along by the articulated arm 7 and thus pivoted about the bearing shaft 16.
- the carriage 13 is simultaneously pivoted in the opposite direction of rotation about the pivot 6, so that it is moved in the end result by the action of the four-bar linkage in parallel.
- the guide groove 37 is present in the locking lever 36, which extends obliquely to the pivot pin 6 and substantially arcuately around the bearing shaft 16.
- the guide carriage 13 is moved relative to the door 1 in a direction away from the bearing shaft 16. Due to the associated relative movement of the door 1, this runs in a corresponding manner to the bearing shaft 16 toward or away from the body part 40.
- the four-bar linkage, the locking lever 36, the guide groove 37 and the locking pin 38 are coordinated so that the door 1 is moved out substantially perpendicular from its opening in the body between the hinge joint 9 and the body part 40.
- the generated by the rotation of the articulated arm 7 per se movement of the door 1 to the body part 40 is thus compensated by the described opposite movement of the guide carriage 13 substantially until the door 1 is moved out of its opening and the in Fig. 6 has taken position shown.
- the locking pin 38 has run into the open guide groove 37 and again run out of this open guide 37.
- the locking lever 36 has on its side facing away from the guide groove 37 an extension in which a recess 41 is provided which forms a stop with the pin 15 in the bearing points 29 a, 29 b.
- the invention provides a rotary sliding door which has two opening functions, namely the opening function "pushing" and the opening function "turning". Both functions can be performed with a door hinge.
- the described constructions it is possible to open a vehicle door either as a revolving door or as a sliding door.
- the unlocking or control can be made possible by an operation on the outside and / or on the inside of the door, namely mechanically and / or electrically and / or by remote control.
- the guide is for the sliding function in the vehicle door. It is possible to make the guide rail exchangeable.
- the guide rail can be designed as a press profile, roll profile or hybrid part.
- the carriage can be guided in the guide rail above and / or below. Furthermore, the guide carriage can be guided in the guide rail in the profile side.
- the components for the guide, so the guide rail and / or the carriage, can be made in steel, aluminum and / or plastic.
- the surface of the guide rail can be processed. It may in particular be painted, powdered, anodized or chrome-plated.
- the guide rail can also be covered by a panel.
- the panel can be made of plastic, aluminum or steel.
- the surface of the panel can be painted, powdered, anodized or chrome plated.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Support Devices For Sliding Doors (AREA)
- Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
- Hinges (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Türe für ein Fahrzeug, insbesondere ein Kraftfahrzeug, nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. Ferner betrifft die Erfindung ein Fahrzeug, insbesondere ein Kraftfahrzeug. Die Erfindung kann bei Fahrzeugen aller Art angewendet werden, also bei Landfahrzeugen, Wasserfahrzeugen und Luftfahrzeugen.The invention relates to a door for a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, according to the preamble of
Eine Türe für ein Kraftfahrzeug ist aus der
Aus der
Die
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Türe für ein Fahrzeug vorzuschlagen, die sowohl als Schiebetüre als auch als Drehtüre geöffnet und geschlossen werden kann.The object of the invention is to propose a door for a vehicle that can be opened and closed both as a sliding door and as a revolving door.
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Das Drehgelenk, an dem der Gelenkarm schwenkbar gelagert ist, ist arretierbar. Wenn die Türe als Drehtüre geöffnet werden soll, wird das Drehgelenk arretiert. Die Türe kann dann durch Drehen der gelenkigen Verbindung des Gelenkarms mit dem Fahrzeug geöffnet werden. Wenn die Türe als Schiebetüre geöffnet werden soll, wird die Arretierung des Drehgelenks gelöst. Beim Öffnen der Türe wird der Gelenkarm um das am Fahrzeug vorgesehene Gelenk verschwenkt. Dabei wird auch das Drehgelenk - in der Gegenrichtung - verschwenkt, so daß die Türe aus der Ebene der Karosserie herausgeschwenkt wird. Sie kann dann parallel zur Fahrzeugkarosserie verschoben werden.According to the invention, this object is solved by the features of
Das Drehgelenk ist an einem Führungswagen vorgesehen, der in einer Führungsschiene verschieblich geführtist. Die Führungsschiene ist in der Türe vorgesehen.The hinge is provided on a carriage which is slidably guided in a guide rail. The guide rail is provided in the door.
Erfindungsgemäß ist eine Zugstange vorgesehen, die mit dem Führungswagen gelenkig verbunden ist. Dabei befindet sich die Schwenkachse der Zugstange an dem Führungswagen vorzugsweise im Abstand von dem Drehgelenk des Gelenkarms an dem Führungswagen.According to the invention a pull rod is provided which is hingedly connected to the guide carriage. In this case, the pivot axis of the pull rod on the guide carriage is preferably at a distance from the hinge of the articulated arm on the guide carriage.
Die Zugstange ist wahlweise mit dem Gelenkarm oder gelenkig mit dem Fahrzeug verbindbar oder verbunden. Die Gelenkachse zwischen der Zugstange und dem Fahrzeug befindet sich vorzugsweise im Abstand von der Schwenkachse des Gelenkarms an dem Fahrzeug.The pull rod is either connected to the articulated arm or hinged to the vehicle or connected. The hinge axis between the drawbar and the vehicle is preferably located at a distance from the pivot axis of the articulated arm to the vehicle.
Erfindungsgemäß ist ein erster Schaltbolzen vorhanden, der in eine die Zugstange mit dem Gelenkarm verbindende Stellung bringbar ist. Vorteilhaft ist es, wenn stattdessen oder zusätzlich ein zweiter Schaltbolzen vorhanden ist, der in eine die Zugstange gelenkig mit dem Fahrzeug verbindende Stellung bringbar ist. Es ist möglich, mehrere erste Schaltbolzen und/oder mehrere zweite Schaltbolzen vorzusehen. Vorteilhaft ist es, wenn zwei erste Schaltbolzen und/oder zwei zweite Schaltbolzen vorhanden sind. Einer oder beide Schaltbolzen können federbelastet sein. Der erste Schaltbolzen und/oder der zweite Schaltbolzen können durch eine Gleitkurve in die beschriebene Schaltstellung bringbar sein.According to the invention, a first shift pin is present, which can be brought into a position connecting the pull rod to the articulated arm. It is advantageous if, instead or additionally, a second shift pin is present, which can be brought into a position connecting the pull rod to the vehicle in an articulated manner. It is possible to provide a plurality of first shift pin and / or a plurality of second shift pin. It is advantageous if two first shift pin and / or two second shift pin are present. One or both shift pins can be spring loaded. The first shift pin and / or the second shift pin can be brought by a sliding curve in the switching position described.
Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen sind in den Unteransprüchen beschrieben.Advantageous developments are described in the subclaims.
Das Drehgelenk ist vorzugsweise in mehreren Schwenklagen arretierbar. Vorteilhaft ist es, wenn das Drehgelenk in zwei Schwenklagen arretierbar ist. Die erste Schwenklage ist vorzugsweise diejenige Schwenklage, in der sich das Drehgelenk befindet, wenn die Türe geschlossen ist. Wenn das Drehgelenk in dieser Schwenklage arretiert ist, kann die Türe durch eine Drehbewegung, also als Drehtüre, geöffnet werden. Die zweite Schwenklage, in der das Drehgelenk arretierbar ist, ist vorzugsweise diejenige Schwenklage, in der sich das Drehgelenk befindet, wenn der Gelenkarm und die Türe derart verschwenkt worden sind, daß sich die Türe in einem Abstand zur Karosserie des Fahrzeugs und in einer Richtung parallel zur Karosserie des Fahrzeugs befindet. In dieser arretierten Schwenklage kann die Türe dann parallel zur Fahrzeugkarosserie verschoben werden, die Türe also als Schiebetüre geöffnet werden.The hinge is preferably lockable in several pivotal positions. It is advantageous if the rotary joint can be locked in two pivotal positions. The first pivotal position is preferably that pivotal position in which the pivot is located when the door is closed. If the hinge is locked in this pivotal position, the door can be opened by a rotary motion, ie as a revolving door. The second pivotal position in which the hinge is lockable is preferably that pivotal position in which the hinge is located when the hinge arm and the door have been pivoted such that the door is spaced from the body of the vehicle and parallel in one direction located to the body of the vehicle. In this locked pivot position, the door can then be moved parallel to the vehicle body, so the door can be opened as a sliding door.
Vorteilhaft ist es, wenn der Schwenkbereich des Drehgelenks begrenzt ist.It is advantageous if the pivoting range of the rotary joint is limited.
Nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Weiterbildung ist ein Drehschieber vorhanden, durch den der erste Schaltbolzen in die die Zugstange mit dem Gelenkarm verbindende Stellung bringbar ist. Stattdessen oder zusätzlich kann durch den Drehschieber der zweite Schaltbolzen in die die Zugstange gelenkig mit dem Fahrzeug verbindende Stellung bringbar sein. Der Drehschieber ist vorzugsweise an der Schwenkachse des Gelenkarms an dem Fahrzeug vorgesehen.According to a further advantageous development, a rotary valve is provided, through which the first switching pin can be brought into the position connecting the pull rod to the articulated arm. Instead or additionally, by the rotary valve of the second shift pin in which the drawbar pivotally connected to the vehicle position can be brought. The rotary valve is preferably provided on the pivot axis of the articulated arm on the vehicle.
Vorteilhaft ist es, wenn an dem Führungswagen ein Sperrhebel schwenkbar gelagert ist.It is advantageous if a locking lever is pivotally mounted on the guide carriage.
Eine weitere vorteilhafte Weiterbildung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Sperrhebel eine Führungsnut für einen an der Türe vorgesehenen Sperrbolzen aufweist. Die Führungsnut ist im wesentlichen zur Schwenkachse des Sperrhebels hin gerichtet.A further advantageous embodiment is characterized in that the locking lever has a guide groove for a locking pin provided on the door. The guide groove is directed substantially to the pivot axis of the locking lever out.
Ein erfindungsgemäßes Fahrzeug, insbesondere Kraftfahrzeug ist durch eine oder mehrere erfindungsgemäße Türen gekennzeichnet.A vehicle according to the invention, in particular a motor vehicle, is characterized by one or more doors according to the invention.
Ausführungsbeispiele einer Tür für ein Kraftfahrzeug werden nachstehend anhand der beigefügten Zeichnung im einzelnen erläutert. In der Zeichnung zeigt
- Fig. 1
- eine nicht erfindungsgemäße Türe für ein Kraftfahrzeug im geschlossenen Zustand in einer Schnittansicht von oben,
- Fig. 2
- die Türe gemäß
Fig. 1 nach einer Verschwenkung aus der Ebene der Karosserie heraus, - Fig. 3
- die Türe gemäß
Fig. 1 und2 im teilweise verschobenen Zustand, - Fig. 4
- die Türe gemäß
Fig. 1 bis 3 in dem durch eine Drehbewegung geöffneten Zustand, - Fig. 5
- eine Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Türe für ein Kraftfahrzeug im geschlossenen Zustand in einer Schnittansicht von oben,
- Fig. 6
- die Türe gemäß
Fig. 5 nach der Verschwenkung aus der Ebene der Karosserie heraus, - Fig. 7
- eine vergrößerte Teilansicht der
Fig. 6 , - Fig. 8
- die Türe gemäß
Fig. 5 bis 7 im vollständig verschobenen Zustand, - Fig. 9
- die Türe gemäß
Fig. 5 bis 8 in dem durch eine Drehbewegung geöffneten Zustand, - Fig. 10
- eine vergrößerte Teilansicht der
Fig. 9 , - Fig. 11
- einen Schnitt längs der Linie A-A in
Fig. 7 und - Fig. 12
- einen Schnitt längs der Linie B-B in
Fig. 7 .
- Fig. 1
- a non-inventive door for a motor vehicle in the closed state in a sectional view from above,
- Fig. 2
- the door according to
Fig. 1 after pivoting out of the plane of the body, - Fig. 3
- the door according to
Fig. 1 and2 in the partially shifted state, - Fig. 4
- the door according to
Fig. 1 to 3 in the state opened by a rotational movement, - Fig. 5
- an embodiment of a door according to the invention for a motor vehicle in the closed state in a sectional view from above,
- Fig. 6
- the door according to
Fig. 5 after pivoting out of the plane of the body, - Fig. 7
- an enlarged partial view of the
Fig. 6 . - Fig. 8
- the door according to
Fig. 5 to 7 in the completely shifted state, - Fig. 9
- the door according to
Fig. 5 to 8 in the state opened by a rotational movement, - Fig. 10
- an enlarged partial view of the
Fig. 9 . - Fig. 11
- a section along the line AA in
Fig. 7 and - Fig. 12
- a section along the line BB in
Fig. 7 ,
Die Zeichnungsfiguren zeigen eine Türe 1, die mit einem Kraftfahrzeug 2 verbunden ist. Die Türe 1 umfaßt einen Türkasten 3 und ein Außenblech 4. An dem Türkasten 3 ist in dessen innerem, dem Kraftfahrzeug 2 zugewandten Bereich ein Drehgelenk 5 befestigt, in dem der Drehzapfen 6 eines Gelenkarms 7 schwenkbar gelagert ist. Der Gelenkarm 7 umfaßt ein gerades Mittelstück, von dem jeweils zwei Endstücke in einem Winkel von etwa 45° abknicken.The drawing figures show a
Der Gelenkarm 7 ist an seinem anderen Ende mit einem weiteren Drehzapfen 8 versehen, der in einem Gelenkscharnier 9 gelenkig gelagert ist. Das Gelenkscharnier 9 ist mit der Karosserie des Kraftfahrzeugs verbunden. Es ist an einem Blech 11 der A-Säule 10 befestigt. Am umlaufenden Flansch des Türaussschnitts ist eine Dichtung 12 befestigt.The articulated
Das Drehgelenk 5 ist an einem Führungswagen 13 vorgesehen, der in einer Führungsschiene 14 der Türe 1 verschieblich geführt ist. Die Führungsschiene 14 verläuft in Karosserierichtung, also in Fahrzeug-Längsrichtung.The
Das Drehgelenk 5 ist arretierbar. Es kann sowohl in der in
Wenn die Türe 1 aus der in
Wenn die Türe durch eine Schiebebewegung geöffnet werden soll, werden die Arretierungen des Drehgelenkes 5 und des Führungswagens 13 gelöst. Anschließend wird die Türe 1 in die in
Wenn die in
Der Schwenkbereich des Drehgelenks 5 ist in der Weise begrenzt, daß die Türe 1 nicht über die Stellung in
Die
Mit der Lagerwelle 16 ist ein Drehschieber 19 drehfest verbunden, der einen oberen Teil 19a, einen unteren Teil 19b und einen mittleren Teil 19c aufweist. In dem Gelenkarm 7 sind erste Schaltbolzen 20a, 20b vorhanden, die in zugehörigen Lagerbuchsen 21 a, 21 b längsverschieblich geführt sind. Die Lagerbuchsen 21 a, 21 b verlaufen parallel zu und im Abstand von der Lagerwelle 16. Der Kopf am unteren Ende des oberen ersten Schaltbolzens 20a liegt auf der oberen Gleitkurve 22a des mittleren Teils 19c des Drehschiebers 19 auf. In entsprechender Weise liegt der Kopf am oberen Ende des unteren ersten Schaltbolzens 20b auf der unteren Gleitkurve 22b des mittleren Teils 19c des Drehschiebers 19 auf. Durch Druckfedern 23a, 23b, die zwischen den Lagerbuchsen 21 a, 21 b und den Köpfen der ersten Schaltbolzen 20a, 20b vorgesehen sind, werden die ersten Schaltbolzen 20a, 20b zu den Gleitkurven 22a, 22b hin belastet.With the bearing
In entsprechender Weise sind in den Gelenkscharnieren 9a, 9b zweite Schaltbolzen 24a, 24b vorhanden, die in zugehörigen Lagerbuchsen 25a, 25b längsverschieblich geführt sind. Die Lagerbuchsen 25a, 25b verlaufen parallel zu und im Abstand von der Lagerwelle 16. Der Kopf am oberen Ende des oberen zweiten Schaltbolzens 24a liegt auf der Gleitkurve 26a an der Unterseite des oberen Teils 19a des Drehschiebers 19 auf. In entsprechender Weise liegt der Kopf am unteren Ende des unteren zweiten Schaltbolzens 24b auf der Gleitkurve 26b an der Oberseite des unteren Teils 19b des Drehschiebers 19 auf. Die zweiten Schaltbolzen 24a, 24b fluchten mit den ersten Schaltbolzen 20a, 20b. Durch Druckfedern 27a, 27b, die zwischen den Lagerbuchsen 25a, 25b und den Köpfen der zweiten Schaltbolzen 24a, 24b vorgesehen sind, werden die zweiten Schaltbolzen 24a, 24b zu den Gleitkurven 26a, 26b hin belastet.In a corresponding manner, second switching pins 24a, 24b are provided in the hinges 9a, 9b, which are guided longitudinally displaceably in associated bearing
Wie aus
Im Abstand von dem Drehzapfen 6 sind in den Lagerplatten 28a, 28b weitere Lagerstellen 29a, 29b für weitere Drehzapfen 15 (siehe
Wie ebenfalls aus
Der Führungswagen 13 umfaßt eine obere Lagehülse 33a und eine untere Lagerhülse 33b, die sich über einen Winkelbereich von jeweils etwa 270° erstrecken und in denen die Schienen 14a, 14b längsverschieblich geführt sind. Die offenen Bereiche der Lagerhülsen 33a, 33b sind einander zugewandt. Sie lassen Raum für das Mittelteil 30 der Führungsschiene 14.The
Die Lagerhülsen 33a, 33b werden von entsprechenden Vorsprüngen 34a, 34b des Führungswagens 13 getragen, die in entsprechender Weise einander zugewandt sind und eine sich über einen Winkelbereich von etwa 90° erstreckende Aussparung aufweisen, um Platz für das Mittelteil 30 der Führungsschiene 14 zu schaffen. Neben den Vorsprüngen 34a, 34b ist in dem Führungswagen 13 eine Aussparung 35 für die Blende 32 vorgesehen. Danach anschließend weist der Führungswagen 13 die Lagerplatten 28a, 28b auf.The bearing
An dem Führungswagen 13 ist ferner ein Sperrhebel 36 vorgesehen, der um die Achse des Drehzapfens 6 schwenkbar gelagert ist (In
In
Der an der Türe 1 vorgesehene Sperrbolzen 38 greift dabei in das äußere Ende der Führungsnut 37 des Sperrhebels 36 ein. Auf diese Weise arretiert der Sperrbolzen 38 den Sperrhebel 36 und mit diesem den Führungswagen 13. Die Türe kann wie eine herkömmliche Schwenktür durch eine Drehbewegung um die Lagerwelle 16 geöffnet werden, bis die in
Wenn die Türe 1 durch eine Schiebebewegung geöffnet werden soll, wird der Drehschieber 19 um 90° im Uhrzeigersinn gedreht, bis er die in
Der obere zweite Schaltbolzen 24a wird bei der Drehung des Drehschiebers 19 durch die Gleitkurve 26a an der Unterseite des oberen Teils 19a des Drehschiebers 19 entgegen der Kraft der Druckfeder 27a nach unten gedrückt, bis sein unteres Ende etwas oberhalb der unteren Endfläche der oberen Zugstange 18a liegt. Der untere zweite Schaltbolzen 24a wird in entsprechender Weise bei der Drehung des Drehschiebers 19 durch die Gleitkurve 26b an der Oberseite des unteren Teils 19b des Drehschiebers 19 entgegen der Kraft der Druckfeder 27b nach oben gedrückt, bis sein oberes Ende etwas unterhalb der oberen Endfläche der unteren Zugstange 18b liegt. Auf diese Weise stellen die zweiten Schaltbolzen 24a, 24b eine gelenkige Verbindung zwischen den Zugstangen 18a, 18b und den Gelenkscharnieren 9a, 9b her, also eine Verbindung zwischen den Zugstangen 18a, 18b und dem Fahrzeug.The upper
Damit bilden die Lagerwelle 16, die zweiten Schaltbolzen 24a, 24b, der Drehzapfen 6 und die Drehzapfen 15 in den Lagerstellen 29a, 29b des Führungswagens 13 ein Viergelenk. Wenn der Gelenkarm 7 verschwenkt wird, wird der Führungswagen 13 von dem Gelenkarm 7 mitgenommen und damit um die Lagerwelle 16 verschwenkt. Während dieser Bewegung wird der Führungswagen 13 gleichzeitig in die entgegengesetzte Drehrichtung um den Drehzapfen 6 verschwenkt, so daß er im Endergebnis durch die Aktion des Viergelenks parallel verschoben wird.Thus, the bearing
Da der Gelenkarm 7, ausgehend von der Lagerwelle 16, schräg zum Fahrzeuginneren hin verläuft, würde bei der Drehbewegung des Gelenkarms 7 um die Lagerwelle 16 das der Lagerwelle 16 abgewandte Ende der Türe 1 an das gegenüberliegende Karosserieteil 40 anstoßen, so daß die Türe 1 blockiert werden würde und nicht weiter geöffnet werden könnte. Um dies zu verhindern ist in dem Sperrhebel 36 die Führungsnut 37 vorhanden, die schräg zum Drehzapfen 6 hin und im wesentlichen bogenförmig um die Lagerwelle 16 verläuft. Wenn der Gelenkarm 7 verschwenkt wird, läuft die Führungsnut 37 in den Sperrbolzen 38 hinein, wodurch der Sperrhebel 36 mit zunehmender Verschwenkung des Gelenkarms 7 in eine Richtung im Uhrzeigersinn um den Drehzapfen 6 verschwenkt wird. Dadurch wird der Führungswagen 13 relativ zur Türe 1 in einer Richtung von der Lagerwelle 16 weg bewegt. Aufgrund der zugehörigen Relativbewegung der Türe 1 läuft diese in entsprechender Weise zur Lagerwelle 16 hin bzw. von dem Karosserieteil 40 weg. Das Viergelenk, der Sperrhebel 36, dessen Führungsnut 37 und der Sperrbolzen 38 sind derart aufeinander abgestimmt, daß die Türe 1 im wesentlichen rechtwinklig aus ihrer Öffnung in der Karosserie zwischen dem Gelenkscharnier 9 und dem Karosserieteil 40 herausbewegt wird. Die durch die Drehung des Gelenkarms 7 an sich erzeugte Bewegung der Türe 1 zum Karosserieteil 40 hin wird also durch die beschriebene gegenläufige Bewegung des Führungswagens 13 im wesentlichen kompensiert, bis die Türe 1 aus ihrer Öffnung herausbewegt ist und die in
In dieser Stellung hat sich der Führungswagen 13 in der Führung 14 zum Karosserieteil 40 hin bewegt. Der Sperrhebel 36 ist im Uhrzeigersinn verschwenkt worden.In this position, the
Der Sperrbolzen 38 ist in die öffene Führungsnut 37 hineingelaufen und wieder aus dieser offenen Führungsnut 37 herausgelaufen. Der Sperrhebel 36 weist auf seiner der Führungsnut 37 abgewandten Seite eine Verlängerung auf, in der eine Vertiefung 41 vorgesehen ist, die einen Anschlag mit dem Zapfen 15 in den Lagerstellen 29a, 29b bildet.The locking
In der in
Bei der Schließbewegung der Türe 1 wird diese zunächst aus der in
Durch die Erfindung wird eine Dreh-Schiebetüre geschaffen, die zwei Öffnungsfunktionen aufweist, nämlich die Öffnungsfunktion "Schieben" und die Öffnungsfunktion "Drehen". Beide Funktionen können mit einem Türscharnier ausgeführt werden.The invention provides a rotary sliding door which has two opening functions, namely the opening function "pushing" and the opening function "turning". Both functions can be performed with a door hinge.
Bei der Funktion "Drehen" wird die geschlossene Türe wie eine herkömmliche Schwenktüre mit eine Drehbewegung geöffnet. Bei der Funktion "Schieben" wird die geschlossene Türe mit einer Linearbewegung in Schieberichtung geöffnet und geschlossen.With the function "turning" the closed door is opened like a conventional swinging door with a rotary movement. In the "push" function, the closed door is opened and closed with a linear movement in the sliding direction.
Durch die erläuterten Konstruktionen ist es möglich, eine Fahrzeugtüre wahlweise als Drehtüre oder als Schiebetüre zu öffnen. Die Entriegelung bzw. Steuerung kann durch eine Betätigung an der Außenseite und/oder an der Innenseite der Türe ermöglicht werden, und zwar mechanisch und/oder elektrisch und/oder durch Fernsteuerung. Vorzugsweise befindet sich die Führung für die Schiebefunktion in der Fahrzeugtüre. Es ist möglich, die Führungsschiene austauschbar auszugestalten.By the described constructions, it is possible to open a vehicle door either as a revolving door or as a sliding door. The unlocking or control can be made possible by an operation on the outside and / or on the inside of the door, namely mechanically and / or electrically and / or by remote control. Preferably, the guide is for the sliding function in the vehicle door. It is possible to make the guide rail exchangeable.
Die Führungsschiene kann als Pressprofil, Rollprofil oder Hybridteil ausgeführt werden. Der Führungswagen kann in der Führungsschiene oben und/oder unten geführt werden. Ferner kann der Führungswagen in der Führungsschiene in der Profilseite geführt werden. Die Bauteile für die Führung, also die Führungsschiene und/oder der Führungswagen, können in Stahl, Aluminium und/oder Kunststoff ausgeführt werden. Die Oberfläche der Führungsschiene kann bearbeitet sein. Sie kann insbesondere lackiert, gepulvert, eloxiert oder verchromt sein. Die Führungsschiene kann ferner durch eine Blende abgedeckt sein. Die Blende kann in Kunststoff, Aluminium oder Stahl ausgeführt werden. Die Oberfläche der Blende kann lackiert, gepulvert, eloxiert oder verchromt sein.The guide rail can be designed as a press profile, roll profile or hybrid part. The carriage can be guided in the guide rail above and / or below. Furthermore, the guide carriage can be guided in the guide rail in the profile side. The components for the guide, so the guide rail and / or the carriage, can be made in steel, aluminum and / or plastic. The surface of the guide rail can be processed. It may in particular be painted, powdered, anodized or chrome-plated. The guide rail can also be covered by a panel. The panel can be made of plastic, aluminum or steel. The surface of the panel can be painted, powdered, anodized or chrome plated.
Wie aus
Claims (8)
- Door for a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, with a lockable rotary joint (5) on which an articulated arm (7), which can be connected or is connected to the vehicle (2) in an articulated manner (8, 16), is pivotably (6) mounted, wherein the rotary joint (5) is provided on a guide carriage (13) which is guided displaceably in a guide rail (14) and to which a connecting rod (18, 18a, 18b) is connected in an articulated manner, characterized in that the connecting rod (18, 18a, 18b) is optionally connectable to the articulated arm (7), with a first switching pin (20a, 20b) being able to be brought into a position connecting the connecting rod (18, 18a, 18b) to the articulated arm (7) such that, when the articulated arm (7) is pivoted, the connecting rod (18, 18a, 18b) is inevitably pivoted at the same time, and in that the connecting rod (18, 18a, 18b) is optionally connectable in an articulated manner to the vehicle (9, 9a, 9b) in a manner free from the articulated arm (7).
- Door according to Claim 1, characterized in that the rotary joint (5) is lockable in a plurality of pivoted positions.
- Door according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pivoting range of the rotary joint (5) is restricted.
- Door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a second switching pin (24a, 24b) which can be brought into a position connecting the connecting rod (18, 18a, 18b) in an articulated manner to the vehicle (9, 9a, 9b).
- Door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a rotary slide (19, 19a, 19b, 19c) by means of which the first switching pin (20a, 20b) can be brought into the position connecting the connecting rod (18, 18a, 18b) to the articulated arm (7) and/or the second switching pin (24a, 24b) can be brought into the position connecting the connecting rod (18, 18a, 18b) in an articulated manner to the vehicle (9, 9a, 9b).
- Door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a locking lever (36) is pivotably (6) mounted on the guide carriage (13).
- Door according to Claim 6, characterized in that the locking lever (36) has a guide groove (37) which is directed towards the pivot axis (6) of said locking lever and is intended for a locking pin (38) provided on the door (1).
- Vehicle, in particular motor vehicle, characterized by one or more doors according to one of claims 1 to 7.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102005005329 | 2005-02-04 | ||
DE102005010395 | 2005-03-07 | ||
DE102005048786A DE102005048786A1 (en) | 2005-02-04 | 2005-10-12 | Door, in particular for a motor vehicle |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1688568A2 EP1688568A2 (en) | 2006-08-09 |
EP1688568A3 EP1688568A3 (en) | 2009-11-04 |
EP1688568B1 true EP1688568B1 (en) | 2011-10-05 |
Family
ID=36282773
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP06001950A Expired - Fee Related EP1688568B1 (en) | 2005-02-04 | 2006-01-31 | Door, in particular for a motor vehicle |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US8234816B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1688568B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4936733B2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102005048786A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2372298T3 (en) |
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2005
- 2005-10-12 DE DE102005048786A patent/DE102005048786A1/en not_active Ceased
-
2006
- 2006-01-23 JP JP2006014332A patent/JP4936733B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-01-31 EP EP06001950A patent/EP1688568B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-01-31 ES ES06001950T patent/ES2372298T3/en active Active
- 2006-02-03 US US11/347,006 patent/US8234816B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2372298T3 (en) | 2012-01-18 |
EP1688568A3 (en) | 2009-11-04 |
DE102005048786A1 (en) | 2006-08-10 |
JP2006213315A (en) | 2006-08-17 |
JP4936733B2 (en) | 2012-05-23 |
EP1688568A2 (en) | 2006-08-09 |
US20060175867A1 (en) | 2006-08-10 |
US8234816B2 (en) | 2012-08-07 |
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