EP1688230B1 - Method for continuous manufacturing of fiberboards from wood - Google Patents

Method for continuous manufacturing of fiberboards from wood Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1688230B1
EP1688230B1 EP06010284A EP06010284A EP1688230B1 EP 1688230 B1 EP1688230 B1 EP 1688230B1 EP 06010284 A EP06010284 A EP 06010284A EP 06010284 A EP06010284 A EP 06010284A EP 1688230 B1 EP1688230 B1 EP 1688230B1
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Prior art keywords
boards
wood
fibre
fibre boards
heat treatment
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EP06010284A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1688230A1 (en
Inventor
Dr. Gernot Von Haas
Gerhard Melzer
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Dieffenbacher GmbH and Co KG
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Dieffenbacher GmbH and Co KG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N7/00—After-treatment, e.g. reducing swelling or shrinkage, surfacing; Protecting the edges of boards against access of humidity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
    • B27N3/18—Auxiliary operations, e.g. preheating, humidifying, cutting-off
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
    • B27N3/24—Moulding or pressing characterised by using continuously acting presses having endless belts or chains moved within the compression zone

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the continuous production of wood-based panels according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a process for the continuous production of wood-based panels, in particular plates with a closed plate surface on both sides in the thickness range of 1.5 - 6 mm in the dry process is known.
  • a mat formed from a spreading station is sprayed with water after the pre-pressing and the mat trimming on the top of the mat.
  • the molding tape on which the mat is scattered sprayed with water.
  • the lignocellulosic particles have a moisture content below 15%, as a rule, the moisture content of the mat is around 9%.
  • a higher humidity can not be adjusted, otherwise it will burst in the hot press.
  • the Platzer are caused by a high vapor pressure, which in turn has its cause in the high humidity.
  • Dry-process adhesive consumption is significantly higher than in semi-dry and wet processes, as dry-bonded hydrogen bonds can not be used in the same way.
  • the so-called semi-dry process the mat is introduced on a wire belt in the press.
  • the upper side of the mat and partly the sieve is additionally sprayed with water to a to obtain a closed plate surface.
  • Unpolished fibreboards with densities above 800 kg / m 3 and thicknesses below 6 mm from the semi-dry and wet process can be directly painted on the top of the board, without a very large amount of paint per m 2 plate is necessary.
  • the cause of the low paint consumption lies in the closed disk surface.
  • the closed plate surface also improves the leveling properties of the paint on the plate surface.
  • plates from the semi-dry and wet process can only be produced to a maximum thickness of 6 mm and are characterized by a very low adhesive consumption in addition to the closed surface.
  • DE-A-100 24 543 is a process for the production of wood-based panels, such as chipboard and fiberboard, especially fiberboard made of wood and other lignocellulosic materials according to the dry process has become known. It is formed from a scattering station on a continuously moving mold belt offset with a binder Pressgutmatte which is cured after introduction between a continuously operating press using pressure and heat to form a strand of board or an endless wood-based panel. Due to the special construction of the pressed material mat, it is possible to save adhesive and to improve the deaeration of the pressed material mat during compaction.
  • CA-A-12 13 707 has become known a method for the production of material plates, in which the material plates are suitable after production in damp or inappropriate environment compared to the conventional material plates less swell.
  • the material plate with a phenol-formaldehyde glue or with an isocyanate glue, it is subjected to a second temperature application after the usual temperature treatment at about 210 ° C. for producing a material plate.
  • temperatures of 230 ° to 270 ° Celsius apply, which is introduced into at least one surface side and / or on the narrow sides.
  • this treatment ensures that the material plate has improved strength values.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method by which dry-process wood-based panels are manufacturable, and with this method, the semi-dry and wet processes of fiberboard manufacture can be replaced by a more environmentally friendly and less costly dry process with low adhesive usage.
  • the solution to this problem is that the fibers glued with an adhesive containing predominantly phenolic components in a blowpipe and / or in a mixer, wherein the dosage is less than 5% of solid resin atro wood, the mat is introduced into the continuous press and at the beginning with maximum specific Pressure of 2.5 N / mm 2 to 5.5 N / mm 2 compacted and cured to a fiber board with double-sided closed surfaces and the finished plates are warm stacked and fed to a heat treatment at about 60 ° C.
  • the pressing time must be extended by at least 15% compared to the conventional drying process due to the longer curing time of the adhesive, the time-consuming activation of the bondable substances and the prolonged devolatilization.
  • a high hotplate temperature at the beginning of the hot pressing has proven to be favorable.
  • the maximum specific pressure above 2.5 N / mm 2, preferably 5 N / mm 2 as soon as possible after mat contact with the steel strip of the hot press is applied to the mat. This ensures that the fibers of the mat surface are compacted during the passage of an optimum softening state, whereby a closed plate surface is formed.
  • the system for carrying out the method is shown in side view. It is now possible to limit the press length to less than 15 m. By using a very short continuous press 5 under 15 m in length, no pre-press of the usual kind is necessary due to the low feed rate below 200 mm / s for plates 10 thicker than 10 mm and waiving a width adjustment. Instead, in the production of fiberboard 11 with the moistening apparatus 1, 3, 4 and 10 is very easily pre-compacted and moistened the upper mat half.
  • the pre-compaction should be carried out with fibers to a density of about 70 kg / m 3 , ie about 30% of the original bed height. For this purpose, only a specific pressure of a maximum of 0.3 N / mm 2 is necessary, so that the precompacting and preheating 4 can be performed in cost-effective lightweight construction.
  • Phenolleim unlike Aminoplastharzen at the end of the blowpipe (not shown) must be planned shortly before the dryer in the pipe.
  • the Phenolleim leads to caking on the inner wall of the blower tube, which can only be removed mechanically.
  • Aminoplastleimen the caking is degraded by hydrolysis with time during operation, without mechanical removal is necessary. It has also proven advantageous for trouble-free operation that a switch is installed shortly after dosing so that it is possible to clean one pipe and guide the fiber flow through the other.
  • the dark plates thus produced must be thermally treated after the hot pressing.
  • the plates are passed through a heat channel or stacked warm in a heated hall.
  • the heat treatment of the fiberboard 11 at temperatures between 110 ° C and 200 ° C after the continuous press, the bonding of the individual fibers is increased, whereby the bending properties and the swelling values improved become.
  • the fiber plates 11 are warmly stacked or pulled as a package through a heat channel.
  • the device for introducing steam in each case consists of a steam box 5 and 10, are introduced to the mat side openings, for example in slot shape.
  • the steam boxes 5 and 10 can be additionally heated to avoid condensate or a condensate separator is connected.
  • the steam boxes 10 are installed in the wire 9 directly in front of the inlet of the continuous press 6.
  • the steam box 10 should be installed as close as possible in front of the continuous press 6 to avoid precuring of the adhesive. If the moistening is to take place also on the upper side of the mat 8, an upper steam box 5 with a further circulating screen belt must be used.
  • the system is still running without pre-press, then must be precompressed before the steam box 5 on a short distance with a Vorverdichtungs- and preheating 4. For this, the sieve can be guided over rollers.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

Method involves fibers, glued with adhesive containing mainly phenolic components. Dosage of solid resin applied on dry wood is less than 5 percent. Pressed material mat (8) is inserted in continuously working press (6) and compressed at start with maximum specific pressure from 2.5 to 5.5 N>mm2> and hardened to fiber board (11). Fiber boards are warm stacked and supplied to heat treatment at over 60[deg]C. An independent claim is also included for the equipment for execution of the method.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum kontinuierlichen Herstellen von Holzwerkstoffplatten nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1.The invention relates to a method for the continuous production of wood-based panels according to the preamble of claim 1.

Ein Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von Holzwerkstoffplatten, insbesondere von Platten mit geschlossener Plattenoberfläche auf beiden Seiten im Dickenbereich von 1,5 - 6 mm im Trockenverfahren ist bekannt. Dazu wird eine aus einer Streustation gebildete Matte nach der Vorpressung und der Mattenbesäumung auf der Mattenoberseite mit Wasser besprüht. Häufig wird auch das Formband, auf das die Matte gestreut, mit Wasser besprüht. Die lignozellulose Partikel haben eine Feuchte unter 15 %, in der Regel beträgt die Feuchte der Matte um die 9 %. Eine höhere Feuchte kann nicht eingestellt werden, da es sonst in der Heißpresse zu Platzern kommt. Die Platzer werden durch einen hohen Dampfdruck verursacht, welcher wiederum seine Ursache in der hohen Feuchte hat. Bei einer höheren Feuchte als 15 % müsste ein Sieb in der Heißpresse zum Entdampfen verwendet werden. Der damit verbundene Siebabdruck ist jedoch störend und muß abgeschliffen werden. Durch die Besprühung wird erreicht, dass in der Heißpresse eine geschlossene Plattenoberfläche hoher Dichte ausgebildet wird, wobei das Dichtemaximum nahe der Plattenoberfläche liegt. Das auf der Matte befindliche Wasser wird zum Teil von den lignozellulose Partikeln, welche sich in der äußersten Plattenschicht befinden, aufgenommen. Die gebundene Feuchte dieser Partikel erhöht sich. Durch die Feuchteerhöhung werden die Partikel beim Heißpressen nach der Erwärmung auf knapp über 100 °C sehr weich und fließen unter dem spezifischen Druck. Damit die lignozellulose Partikel nicht am besprühten Formband kleben bleiben, wird dem Sprühwasser Trennmittel zugegeben oder das Trennmittel wird direkt auf das Formband gesprüht. Durch das Trennmittel ist es möglich eine größere Menge an Wasser auf das Formband zu sprühen, ohne dass die Partikel am Formband kleben bleiben. Die Kosten des Trennmittels pro m2 produzierte Platte sind erheblich.A process for the continuous production of wood-based panels, in particular plates with a closed plate surface on both sides in the thickness range of 1.5 - 6 mm in the dry process is known. For this purpose, a mat formed from a spreading station is sprayed with water after the pre-pressing and the mat trimming on the top of the mat. Often, the molding tape on which the mat is scattered, sprayed with water. The lignocellulosic particles have a moisture content below 15%, as a rule, the moisture content of the mat is around 9%. A higher humidity can not be adjusted, otherwise it will burst in the hot press. The Platzer are caused by a high vapor pressure, which in turn has its cause in the high humidity. At a higher humidity than 15% a sieve would have to be used in the hot press for evaporation. The associated screenprint is disturbing and must be sanded. By spraying it is achieved that in the hot press a closed plate surface of high density is formed, wherein the density maximum is close to the plate surface. The water on the mat is partly taken up by the lignocellulosic particles which are in the outermost layer of slabs. The bound moisture of these particles increases. Due to the increase in humidity, the particles during hot pressing after heating to just over 100 ° C are very soft and flow under the specific pressure. So that the lignocellulose particles do not stick to the sprayed forming tape, release agent is added to the spray water or the release agent is sprayed directly onto the forming belt. The release agent makes it possible to spray a larger amount of water onto the forming belt without the particles sticking to the forming belt. The cost of the release agent per m 2 produced plate are significant.

Der Klebstoffverbrauch beim Trockenverfahren ist wesentlich höher als im Halbtrocken- und Nassverfahren, da die Wasserstoffbrückenbindungen im Trockenverfahren nicht in der gleichen Weise genutzt werden können. Im Fall der Herstellung von Faserplatten mit einer Feuchte über 15 % und maximal 35 % - dem sogenannten Halbtrockenverfahren - wird die Matte auf einem Siebband in die Presse eingeführt. Die obere Mattenseite und zum Teil auch das Sieb wird zusätzlich noch mit Wasser besprüht, um eine geschlossene Plattenoberfläche zu erhalten. Ungeschliffene Faserplatten mit Dichten über 800 kg/m3 und Dicken unter 6 mm aus dem Halbtrocken- und dem Nassverfahren können auf der Plattenoberseite direkt lackiert werden, ohne dass eine sehr hohe Lackmenge pro m2 Platte notwendig ist. Die Ursache für den geringen Lackverbrauch liegt in der geschlossenen Plattenoberfläche. Durch die geschlossene Plattenoberfläche wird auch die Verlaufeigenschaft des Lackes auf der Plattenoberfläche verbessert. Platten aus dem Halbtrocken- und dem Nassverfahren können jedoch nur in einer Dicke bis 6 mm maximal hergestellt werden und zeichnen sich neben der geschlossenen Oberfläche durch einen sehr niedrigen Klebstoffverbrauch aus.Dry-process adhesive consumption is significantly higher than in semi-dry and wet processes, as dry-bonded hydrogen bonds can not be used in the same way. In the case of the production of fibreboards with a moisture content of more than 15% and a maximum of 35% - the so-called semi-dry process - the mat is introduced on a wire belt in the press. The upper side of the mat and partly the sieve is additionally sprayed with water to a to obtain a closed plate surface. Unpolished fibreboards with densities above 800 kg / m 3 and thicknesses below 6 mm from the semi-dry and wet process can be directly painted on the top of the board, without a very large amount of paint per m 2 plate is necessary. The cause of the low paint consumption lies in the closed disk surface. The closed plate surface also improves the leveling properties of the paint on the plate surface. However, plates from the semi-dry and wet process can only be produced to a maximum thickness of 6 mm and are characterized by a very low adhesive consumption in addition to the closed surface.

Mit des gattungsbildenden DE-A-100 24 543 ist ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Holzwerkstoffplatten, wie Span- und Faserplatten, insbesondere Faserplatten aus Holz und anderen lignozellulosehaltigen Materialien nach dem Trockenverfahren bekannt geworden. Dabei wird aus einer Streustation auf ein sich kontinuierlich bewegendes Formband eine mit Bindemittel versetzte Pressgutmatte gebildet, die nach Einführung zwischen eine kontinuierlich arbeitende Presse unter Anwendung von Druck und Wärme zu einem Plattenstrang oder einer endlosen Holzwerkstoffplatte ausgehärtet wird. Durch den besonderen Aufbau der Pressgutmatte wird es ermöglicht Klebstoff einzusparen und die Entlüftung der Pressgutmatte während der Verdichtung zu verbessern.With the generic DE-A-100 24 543 is a process for the production of wood-based panels, such as chipboard and fiberboard, especially fiberboard made of wood and other lignocellulosic materials according to the dry process has become known. It is formed from a scattering station on a continuously moving mold belt offset with a binder Pressgutmatte which is cured after introduction between a continuously operating press using pressure and heat to form a strand of board or an endless wood-based panel. Due to the special construction of the pressed material mat, it is possible to save adhesive and to improve the deaeration of the pressed material mat during compaction.

Mit CA-A-12 13 707 ist ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Werkstoffplatten bekannt geworden, bei dem die Werkstoffplatten nach der Herstellung geeignet sind in feuchter oder ungeeigneter Umgebung gegenüber den herkömmlichen Werkstoffplatten weniger aufzuschwellen. Dazu wird bei der Herstellung der Werkstoffplatte mit einem Phenolformaldehydleim oder mit einem Isocyanatleim diese nach der üblichen Temperaturbehandlung mit etwa 210° C zur Herstellung einer Werkstoffplatte noch einer zweiten Temperaturanwendung unterzogen. Dabei finden Temperaturen von 230° bis 270° Celsius Anwendung, die in zumindest eine Oberflächenseite und/oder auf die Schmalseiten eingebracht wird. Durch diese Behandlung wird unter anderem erreicht, dass die Werkstoffplatte verbesserte Festigkeitswerte aufweist.With CA-A-12 13 707 has become known a method for the production of material plates, in which the material plates are suitable after production in damp or inappropriate environment compared to the conventional material plates less swell. For this purpose, in the production of the material plate with a phenol-formaldehyde glue or with an isocyanate glue, it is subjected to a second temperature application after the usual temperature treatment at about 210 ° C. for producing a material plate. In this case, temperatures of 230 ° to 270 ° Celsius apply, which is introduced into at least one surface side and / or on the narrow sides. Among other things, this treatment ensures that the material plate has improved strength values.

Mit EP 0 365 708 A1 ist ein Verfahren zum Herstellen von Holzwerkstoff- oder Fasermaterial-Artikeln bekannt geworden, bei dem die Artikel nach dem Heißpressen und vor dem Abkühlen zum Reduzieren des Gehaltes an freiem Formaldehyd eine Zeit lang bei erhöhter Temperatur gelagert werden. Durch die Anwendung des Verfahrens wird es ermöglicht, mit Formaldehydleim abgebundene Artikel herzustellen, die nach der Wärmebehandlung keine gesundheitsschädlichen Gase mehr ausströmen.With EP 0 365 708 A1 For example, there has been known a method of producing wood-based or fibrous articles in which the articles are stored at elevated temperature for a period of time after hot pressing and before cooling to reduce the level of free formaldehyde. The application of the method makes it possible to produce articles bound with formaldehyde, which no longer emit harmful gases after the heat treatment.

Die Aufgabe vorliegender Erfindung ist ein Verfahren zu schaffen, mit dem Holzwerkstoffplatten mit geschlossener Oberfläche im Trockenverfahren produzierbar sind und mit diesem Verfahren das Halbtrocken- und das Nassverfahren der Faserplattenherstellung durch ein umweltfreundlicheres und kostengünstigeres Trockenverfahren mit geringem Klebmitteleinsatz zu ersetzen ist.The object of the present invention is to provide a method by which dry-process wood-based panels are manufacturable, and with this method, the semi-dry and wet processes of fiberboard manufacture can be replaced by a more environmentally friendly and less costly dry process with low adhesive usage.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe besteht darin, daß die Fasern mit einem aus überwiegend phenolische Komponenten enthaltenden Klebstoff in einem Blasrohr und/oder in einem Mischer beleimt, wobei die Dosierung unter 5% Festharz bezogen atro Holz beträgt, die Matte wird in die kontinuierlich arbeitende Presse eingeführt und am Anfang mit maximalem spezifischen Druck von 2,5 N/mm2 bis 5,5 N/mm2 verdichtet und zu einer Faserplatte mit beidseitig geschlossenen Oberflächen ausgehärtet und die Fertigplatten werden warm eingestapelt und einer Wärmebehandlung bei über 60 °C zugeführt.The solution to this problem is that the fibers glued with an adhesive containing predominantly phenolic components in a blowpipe and / or in a mixer, wherein the dosage is less than 5% of solid resin atro wood, the mat is introduced into the continuous press and at the beginning with maximum specific Pressure of 2.5 N / mm 2 to 5.5 N / mm 2 compacted and cured to a fiber board with double-sided closed surfaces and the finished plates are warm stacked and fed to a heat treatment at about 60 ° C.

Es hat sich nun überraschenderweise herausgestellt, dass in einer kontinuierlich arbeitenden Presse Platten mit beidseitig geschlossenen Oberflächen und geringem Klebstoffverbrauch produzierbar sind.It has now surprisingly been found that in a continuous press plates with surfaces closed on both sides and low adhesive consumption can be produced.

Als besonders günstig hinsichtlich des Klebstoffverbrauches hat sich eine Kombination von Blasrohrbeleimung und Mischerbeleimung herausgestellt. In der Blasrohrbeleimung und/oder im Mischer kann Formaldehyd - ein Vernetzer - den Holzpartikeln zugegeben werden, welches mit den gebildeten verklebbaren Substanzen Reaktionen eingeht und damit auch zur Klebstoffreduktion beiträgt. Überraschenderweise hat sich nun erwiesen, dass bei einer Beleimung der so hergestellten Fasern mit Phenol-Kondensationsklebstoff eine besonders niedrige Dosierung möglich ist. Durch die obigen Maßnahmen ist es somit gelungen die Dosierung von Kondensationsklebstoffen, die üblicherweise über 10 % Festharz bezogen auf atro Faserstoff beträgt, auf unter 5 % zu verringern.As a particularly favorable in terms of adhesive consumption, a combination of Blasrohrbeleimung and mixer gluing has been found. In the blowpipe gluing and / or in the mixer, formaldehyde - a crosslinking agent - can be added to the wood particles, which react with the formed bondable substances and thus also contribute to the reduction of the adhesive. Surprisingly, it has now been found that in a gluing of the fibers thus produced with phenol condensation adhesive, a particularly low dosage is possible. By the above measures, it is thus succeeded the dosage of Condensation adhesives, which is usually more than 10% of solid resin based on atro pulp to reduce to less than 5%.

Die Presszeit muss gegenüber dem herkömmlichen Trockenverfahren um mindestens 15 % aufgrund der längeren Aushärtezeit des Klebstoffes, der zeitaufwendigen Aktivierung der verklebbaren Substanzen und der längeren Entdampfung verlängert werden. Um eine große Verlängerung der Presszeit zu vermeiden, hat sich eine hohe Heizplattentemperatur zu Beginn der Heißpressung als günstig erwiesen. Bei der Heißpressung muß beachtet werden, dass der maximale spezifische Druck über 2,5 N/mm2 bevorzugt 5 N/mm2 möglichst schnell nach Mattenkontakt mit dem Stahlband der Heißpresse auf die Matte aufgebracht wird. Dadurch wird erreicht, dass die Fasern der Mattenoberfläche während des Durchlaufens eines optimalen Erweichungszustandes verdichtet werden, wodurch eine geschlossene Plattenoberfläche entsteht.The pressing time must be extended by at least 15% compared to the conventional drying process due to the longer curing time of the adhesive, the time-consuming activation of the bondable substances and the prolonged devolatilization. In order to avoid a large extension of the pressing time, a high hotplate temperature at the beginning of the hot pressing has proven to be favorable. When hot pressing must be noted that the maximum specific pressure above 2.5 N / mm 2, preferably 5 N / mm 2 as soon as possible after mat contact with the steel strip of the hot press is applied to the mat. This ensures that the fibers of the mat surface are compacted during the passage of an optimum softening state, whereby a closed plate surface is formed.

Durch dieses Verfahren können nun Platten mit sehr gut geschlossener Oberfläche auf der Oberseite und gut geschlossener Oberfläche auf der Unterseite produziert werden. Es ist es möglich, Platten zu produzieren, ohne dass Trennmittel auf das Formband aufgetragen wird, was die Produktionskosten der Anlage erheblich vermindert. Die Platten können sogar auf beiden Seiten direkt lackiert werden, ohne sie vorher schleifen zu müssen. Durch den hohen spezifischen Druck zu Beginn der Heißpressung von 2,5 bis 5 N/mm2 wird eine geschlossene Plattenoberfläche erreicht. Zusätzlich wird das Dichtemaximum durch die Befeuchtung um bis zu 150 kg/m3 erhöht und das Dichtemaximum liegt näher der Plattenoberfläche (geringere Presshaut). Durch das erhöhte Dichtemaximum werden die Biegeeigenschaften der Platte verbessert.With this method, it is now possible to produce panels with a very well-closed surface on the top and a well-closed surface on the bottom. It is possible to produce sheets without applying release agent to the forming belt, which significantly reduces the production cost of the equipment. The panels can even be painted directly on both sides without having to sand them first. Due to the high specific pressure at the beginning of the hot pressing from 2.5 to 5 N / mm 2 , a closed plate surface is achieved. In addition, the density maximum is increased by the moistening by up to 150 kg / m 3 and the density maximum is closer to the plate surface (lower pressing skin). The increased density maximum improves the bending properties of the plate.

In der Zeichnung ist die Anlage zur Durchführung des Verfahrens in Seitenansicht dargestellt. Es besteht nun die Möglichkeit die Presslänge auf unter 15 m zu begrenzen. Durch die Verwendung einer sehr kurzen kontinuierliche Presse 5 unter 15 m Länge ist aufgrund der geringen Vorschubgeschwindigkeit unter 200 mm/s bei Platten 10 dicker als 10 mm und des Verzichts auf eine Breitenverstellung keine Vorpresse üblicher Art notwendig. Stattdessen wird bei der Produktion von Faserplatten 11 mit der Befeuchtungsapparatur 1, 3, 4 und 10 sehr leicht vorverdichtet und auch die obere Mattenhälfte befeuchtet. Die Vorverdichtung sollte bei Fasern auf etwa eine Dichte von 70 kg/m3, also etwa 30 % der ursprünglichen Schütthöhe erfolgen. Dafür ist nur ein spezifischer Druck von maximal 0,3 N/mm2 notwendig, wodurch die Vorverdichtungs- und Vorwärmapparatur 4 in kostengünstiger Leichtbauweise ausgeführt werden kann.In the drawing, the system for carrying out the method is shown in side view. It is now possible to limit the press length to less than 15 m. By using a very short continuous press 5 under 15 m in length, no pre-press of the usual kind is necessary due to the low feed rate below 200 mm / s for plates 10 thicker than 10 mm and waiving a width adjustment. Instead, in the production of fiberboard 11 with the moistening apparatus 1, 3, 4 and 10 is very easily pre-compacted and moistened the upper mat half. The pre-compaction should be carried out with fibers to a density of about 70 kg / m 3 , ie about 30% of the original bed height. For this purpose, only a specific pressure of a maximum of 0.3 N / mm 2 is necessary, so that the precompacting and preheating 4 can be performed in cost-effective lightweight construction.

Durch diese Maßnahmen ist es möglich, zum einen dünne HDF-Platten und andererseits auch dicke MDF Platten zu produzieren, wobei der Investitionsbetrag für die Anlage im Vergleich zu einer herkömmlichen MDF-Anlage mit Vorpresse und Sternwender sehr niedrig ist. Der Pressfaktor sehr dünner Platten 11 ist bei langen Pressen durch die Begrenzung in der Vorschubgeschwindigkeit deutlich höher als bei kurzen Pressen. Bei langen kontinuierlich arbeitenden Pressen 6 ist der Vorschub durch die Endfertigung und durch die Gefahr von Ausbläsern im Presseneinlauf begrenzt.By these measures, it is possible to produce a thin HDF boards and on the other hand, thick MDF boards, the investment amount for the plant compared to a conventional MDF plant with prepress and star turners is very low. The pressing factor of very thin plates 11 is significantly higher for long presses due to the limitation in the feed rate than for short presses. For long continuous presses 6, the feed is limited by the final production and by the risk of blowers in the press inlet.

Bei Zugabe des Phenolleims im Blasrohr muß berücksichtigt werden, dass Phenolleim im Gegensatz zu Aminoplastharzen am Ende des Blasrohrs (nicht dargestellt) kurz vor dem Trockner in das Rohr gedüst werden muß. Der Phenolleim führt zu Anbackungen an der Innenwand des Blasrohres, die nur mechanisch entfernt werden können. Bei Aminoplastleimen werden die Anbackungen durch Hydrolyse mit Zeit während des Betriebes abgebaut, ohne dass ein mechanisches Entfernen notwendig ist. Vorteilhaft für einen störungsfreien Betrieb hat sich auch erwiesen, dass kurz nach der Dosierung eine Weiche eingebaut wird, so dass die Möglichkeit besteht, ein Rohr zu reinigen und durch das andere den Faserstrom zu führen.When adding the Phenolleims in the blowpipe must be taken into account that Phenolleim, unlike Aminoplastharzen at the end of the blowpipe (not shown) must be planned shortly before the dryer in the pipe. The Phenolleim leads to caking on the inner wall of the blower tube, which can only be removed mechanically. In Aminoplastleimen the caking is degraded by hydrolysis with time during operation, without mechanical removal is necessary. It has also proven advantageous for trouble-free operation that a switch is installed shortly after dosing so that it is possible to clean one pipe and guide the fiber flow through the other.

Die so hergestellten dunklen Platten müssen nach der Heißpressung thermisch nachbehandelt werden. Insbesondere werden die Platten durch einen Wärmekanal geführt oder in einer beheizten Halle warm eingestapelt. Durch die Wärmebehandlung der Faserplatten 11 bei Temperaturen zwischen 110 °C und 200 °C nach der kontinuierlichen Presse wird die Verklebung der einzelnen Fasern erhöht, wodurch die Biegeeigenschaften und die Quellwerte verbessert werden. Zur Durchführung der Wärmebehandlung werden die Faserplatten 11 warm eingestapelt oder als Paket durch einen Wärmekanal gezogen.The dark plates thus produced must be thermally treated after the hot pressing. In particular, the plates are passed through a heat channel or stacked warm in a heated hall. By the heat treatment of the fiberboard 11 at temperatures between 110 ° C and 200 ° C after the continuous press, the bonding of the individual fibers is increased, whereby the bending properties and the swelling values improved become. To carry out the heat treatment, the fiber plates 11 are warmly stacked or pulled as a package through a heat channel.

Die Vorrichtung zur Dampfeinbringung besteht jeweils aus einem Dampfkasten 5 und 10, an dem zur Mattenseite Öffnungen, zum Beispiel in Schlitzform, eingebracht sind. Die Dampfkästen 5 und 10 können zur Kondensatvermeidung zusätzlich beheizt werden oder es wird ein Kondensatabscheider angeschlossen. Die Dampfkästen 10 sind in das Siebband 9 direkt vor dem Einlauf der kontinuierlichen Presse 6 eingebaut. Der Dampfkasten 10 sollte so dicht wie möglich vor der kontinuierlich arbeitenden Presse 6 installiert werden, um eine Voraushärtung des Klebstoffes zu vermeiden. Wenn die Befeuchtung auch auf der Oberseite der Matte 8 erfolgen soll, muß ein oberer Dampfkasten 5 mit einem weiteren umlaufenden Siebband verwendet werden. Wenn zusätzlich noch die Anlage ohne Vorpresse ausgeführt wird, dann muß vor dem Dampfkasten 5 auf einer kurzen Strecke mit einer Vorverdichtungs- und Vorwärmeinrichtung 4 vorverdichtet werden. Dazu kann das Sieb über Rollen geführt werden.The device for introducing steam in each case consists of a steam box 5 and 10, are introduced to the mat side openings, for example in slot shape. The steam boxes 5 and 10 can be additionally heated to avoid condensate or a condensate separator is connected. The steam boxes 10 are installed in the wire 9 directly in front of the inlet of the continuous press 6. The steam box 10 should be installed as close as possible in front of the continuous press 6 to avoid precuring of the adhesive. If the moistening is to take place also on the upper side of the mat 8, an upper steam box 5 with a further circulating screen belt must be used. In addition, if the system is still running without pre-press, then must be precompressed before the steam box 5 on a short distance with a Vorverdichtungs- and preheating 4. For this, the sieve can be guided over rollers.

Bezugszeichenliste: DP 1327EPList of Reference Numerals: DP 1327EP

1.1.
WassersprüheinrichtungWater spray
2.Second
Streumaschinespreader
3.Third
WassersprüheinrichtungWater spray
4.4th
Vorverdichtungs- und VorwärmeinrichtungPre-compression and preheating device
5.5th
BedampfungsvorrichtungA steamer
6.6th
Kontinuierlich arbeitende PresseContinuously working press
7.7th
Formbandforming belt
8.8th.
Mattemat
9.9th
Siebbandscreen belt
10.10th
BedampfungsvorrichtungA steamer
11.11th
Faserplattefibreboard

Claims (6)

  1. Method for the continuous manufacture of wood material boards, such as chip and fibre boards (11), in particular fibre boards made of wood and other lignocellulose-containing materials, using the drying method in which there is formed from a scattering station (2) onto a continuously moving shaping belt (7) a pressed material mat which is mixed with binder and cured, after insertion between the steel strips, which are guided so as to encircle an upper and lower frame part, of a continuously operating press (6) and with the application of pressure and heat, to form a train of boards or an endless wood material board, characterised by the combination of the following method steps:
    1.1 the fibres are glued using an adhesive containing predominantly phenolic components, less than 5 % solid resin being added based on absolutely dry wood,
    1.2 the pressed material mat is introduced into a continuously operating press (6) and initially compacted with maximum specific pressure of from 2.5 N/mm2 to 5.5 N/mm2 and cured to form a fibre board, and
    1.3 the fibre boards (11) are stacked warm and supplied to a heat treatment at above 60 °C.
  2. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the fibre boards (11) are heat-treated preferably at above 100 °C.
  3. Method according to either claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that the stacked fibre boards (11) are drawn through a heating channel during the heat treatment.
  4. Method according to either claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that the stacked fibre boards (11) are subjected to the heat treatment in a heated hall.
  5. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the fibre boards (11) are destacked after leaving the continuously operating press without passing through a cooling star turner.
  6. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the fibres are glued preferably with an addition of less than 2 % solid resin based on absolutely dry wood.
EP06010284A 2001-12-20 2002-12-20 Method for continuous manufacturing of fiberboards from wood Expired - Lifetime EP1688230B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10163090A DE10163090A1 (en) 2001-12-20 2001-12-20 Process for the continuous production of wood-based panels
EP02028550A EP1323509B1 (en) 2001-12-20 2002-12-20 Method for continuous manufacturing of fiberboards from wood

Related Parent Applications (1)

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EP02028550A Division EP1323509B1 (en) 2001-12-20 2002-12-20 Method for continuous manufacturing of fiberboards from wood

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EP1688230A1 EP1688230A1 (en) 2006-08-09
EP1688230B1 true EP1688230B1 (en) 2008-05-28

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AT (2) ATE396853T1 (en)
DE (3) DE10163090A1 (en)

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DE102005055813B4 (en) * 2005-11-21 2013-03-21 Fritz Egger Gmbh & Co. Apparatus and process for the production of wood-based materials and methods for cleaning
DE102006058612A1 (en) * 2006-12-11 2008-06-19 Fritz Egger Gmbh & Co. Optimized carrier plate
EP2388117A1 (en) * 2010-05-17 2011-11-23 Flooring Technologies Ltd. Method and assembly for manufacturing a wooden work surface
ITMO20120311A1 (en) * 2012-12-20 2014-06-21 Imal Srl METHOD FOR PROCESSING PANELS BASED ON WOODEN MATERIAL.
DE102017110865B4 (en) * 2017-05-18 2019-10-10 Siempelkamp Maschinen- Und Anlagenbau Gmbh Method for pressing a pressed material mat
CN112166017B (en) * 2018-05-30 2022-07-05 扎伊罗技术股份公司 Method for manufacturing wooden board
CZ20203A3 (en) 2020-01-03 2021-03-10 Smart Technik A.S. Method of processing sorted municipal waste
CN115349734B (en) * 2022-08-19 2024-04-30 大自然科技股份有限公司 Plant fiber mattress hot pressing process

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA1213707A (en) * 1984-12-28 1986-11-12 Forintek Canada Corp. Method of making dimensionally stable composite board and composite board produced by such method
DE3879494D1 (en) * 1988-10-28 1993-04-22 Kronospan Anstalt METHOD FOR PRODUCING WOOD MATERIAL OR FIBER MATERIAL ARTICLES.
CA1308013C (en) * 1989-09-25 1992-09-29 Lars Bach Post-press heat treatment process for improving the dimensional stability of a waferboard panel
DE19640593A1 (en) * 1996-10-01 1998-04-09 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Process for the production of organically bound wood-based materials
MY114970A (en) * 1997-11-12 2003-02-28 Huber Corp J M Steam pre-heating in oriented strand board production
DE19858079A1 (en) * 1998-12-16 2000-06-21 Edmone Roffael Production of medium density fiberboard materials uses structured heat levels and heat timings during wood fiber drying before they are treated with a bonding agent
DE10024543A1 (en) * 2000-05-18 2001-11-22 Dieffenbacher Gmbh Maschf Appliance and method of producing multi-layered board involve dispersing units, production of pressed material mat, edge-trimming appliances, sorters and conveyors.

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Publication number Publication date
EP1323509B1 (en) 2008-05-28
EP1688230A1 (en) 2006-08-09
DE50212316D1 (en) 2008-07-10
ATE396853T1 (en) 2008-06-15
ATE396852T1 (en) 2008-06-15
DE50212339D1 (en) 2008-07-10
DE10163090A1 (en) 2003-07-03
EP1323509A1 (en) 2003-07-02

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