EP1687572B1 - Echanger de chaleur, en particulier pour un systeme de chauffage ou de climatisation d'un vehicule à moteur - Google Patents

Echanger de chaleur, en particulier pour un systeme de chauffage ou de climatisation d'un vehicule à moteur Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP1687572B1
EP1687572B1 EP04797952.1A EP04797952A EP1687572B1 EP 1687572 B1 EP1687572 B1 EP 1687572B1 EP 04797952 A EP04797952 A EP 04797952A EP 1687572 B1 EP1687572 B1 EP 1687572B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
heating
heating element
layer
heat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP04797952.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1687572A2 (fr
Inventor
Hans-Heinrich Angermann
Roland Burk
Herbert Damsohn
Markus Watzlawski
Michael Kohl
Erwan Gogmos
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mahle Behr GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Behr GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Behr GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Behr GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1687572A2 publication Critical patent/EP1687572A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1687572B1 publication Critical patent/EP1687572B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F24H3/0429—For vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F24H3/0429—For vehicles
    • F24H3/0435—Structures comprising heat spreading elements in the form of fins
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F24H3/0429—For vehicles
    • F24H3/0441—Interfaces between the electrodes of a resistive heating element and the power supply means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F24H3/0429—For vehicles
    • F24H3/0441—Interfaces between the electrodes of a resistive heating element and the power supply means
    • F24H3/0447—Forms of the electrode terminals, e.g. tongues or clips
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
    • F24H9/1854—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for air heaters
    • F24H9/1863—Arrangement or mounting of electric heating means
    • F24H9/1872—PTC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/008—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for vehicles
    • F28D2021/0091—Radiators
    • F28D2021/0096—Radiators for space heating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger, in particular for a heating or air conditioning system of a motor vehicle, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the US 6,124,570 proposes to replace individual tubes of the heat exchanger with PTC heating elements, which are held between contact plates, which at the same time establish a thermally conductive connection to the adjacent ribs.
  • the disadvantage of this is that the constructive Adjusting the heat exchanger to accommodate PTC heating elements as well as the PTC heating elements themselves are very expensive. For this reason, it may be that such a combi-heat exchanger is more expensive than a combination of a conventional heat exchanger with a separate PTC heater. Also, the space requirement for the PTC heating elements and their contacting the power density of the heat exchanger is significantly deteriorated.
  • the replacement of individual tubes of the heat exchanger is also in the DE 44 36 791 A1 as well as the DE 100 12 320 A1 refer to.
  • the flat tubes as multi-chamber profiles and form at least one of the outer chambers in the form of an insertion for an insulated heating wire, the walls of which are then bent together for attachment of the heating wire.
  • the heating wire is inserted after soldering the heat exchanger.
  • the disadvantage of this is that such a heat exchanger requires special flat tubes and a large part of the electrically introduced heating power goes into the coolant and thereby contributes only delayed to the heating of the vehicle interior to be supplied air.
  • the US 6,178,292 B1 discloses a heat exchanger having an electrical heater disposed within a support member which is slid between two adjacent fin packs.
  • the support member includes a pair of parallel plates, between which an electric heating element is held and electrically contacted.
  • the electric heater consists of a heating element and an insulating element and has a multilayer structure, which is penetrated by a heating current perpendicular to the individual layers substantially. For attachment perpendicular to the support element and heater extending fasteners are provided. Also, such a heat exchanger can still be desired, especially what the Part variety and number, and thus the manufacturing cost of the entire radiator concerns.
  • the disclosure US 6,265,692 B1 an air conditioning system with a heating device in a heat exchanger and a heat exchanger according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the air conditioning system is proposed in particular for applications in motor vehicles.
  • the heat exchanger has a plurality of flat tubes which extend between two collecting containers and between which rib elements are arranged.
  • the core of the heat exchanger formed from the flat tubes and the rib elements in this case has a plurality of heating elements, which are used in substitution for individual flat tubes in the heat exchanger.
  • the heating elements run over the entire length of the core of the heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger is preferably positioned in the air conditioning system to produce a downwardly directed sump and an upwardly directed sump.
  • the electrical connections for the heating elements are arranged in the region of the lower collecting container.
  • the heating element can be made both as a composite and from individual interconnected individual elements.
  • the network is still to be split according to the later interconnection, except when all individual elements are to be connected in parallel later.
  • the individual elements are - according to the subsequent interconnection - to connect with each other.
  • the heating element is preferably formed by at least one each Thompsonleiter für, an insulating layer and a heat-conducting and protective layer, wherein also further layers may be provided, in particular one or more adhesive layers, which may also be formed as a self-adhesive coating.
  • the heat conductor layer is preferably formed by a steel, in particular a stainless steel layer, which in particular has a thickness of 0.1 to 0.25 mm and is elastically deformable, so that the heating element with a corresponding deformation resiliently rests against the protruding rib packages and frictionally therebetween is held.
  • the insulating layer is preferably formed by a polymer, in particular a polyester layer.
  • a polymer in particular a polyester layer.
  • other, higher temperature resistant materials such as PEN or polyimides are possible.
  • the insulating layer is preferably formed from an insulating film or a lacquer. It preferably has a thickness of 10 .mu.m to 100 .mu.m, in particular 15 .mu.m to 50 .mu.m. Further, a thin special paper, e.g. an adhesive tape, or a thin plastic film possible.
  • an adhesive layer is provided between the heat conductor layer and the insulation layer, which layers are both after lamination permanently bonds together.
  • an adhesive layer having sufficient insulating and thermal conductivity the alternative is also possible to replace the polyester insulating layer by the adhesive layer.
  • the heat-conducting and protective layer is preferably formed by a metal layer, in particular an aluminum layer or a layer of a preferably relatively soft aluminum alloy.
  • the planteleit- and protective layer takes over the function focused on the corrugated fins, in particular to transmit the crests of the corrugated fins, the heat generated in the heat conductor layer, d. H. to perform a task, which could fulfill the isolation layer only to a reduced extent.
  • this heat-conducting and protective layer also has a protective function, so that the adjacent insulation layer is protected against injuries, for example when the heating elements are introduced.
  • the heat-conducting and protective layer is preferably arranged directly adjacent to and in abutment with the fin packs of the heat exchanger, so that optimum heat transfer is possible.
  • the aluminum layer is commercially available, as well as a stainless steel strip which can be used for the heat conductor layer, as an aluminum foil laminated with a self-adhesive film. This makes it possible to produce a permanent connection between the aluminum and the underlying insulating layer. Again, it is conceivable as an alternative to dispense with the aforementioned polymer or polyester insulating layer in favor of the adhesive layers, if it is ensured by this sufficient insulation and heat conduction. As already mentioned, the laminate according to the invention is produced by rolling and can thus be further processed like a metal sheet.
  • the heating element itself is designed as a heating grid, or it is a plurality of heating elements connected to a heating grid, in particular such that the current is such, for example meandering, passed through the heater, that the required electrical resistance to achieve a desired heat output at a given voltage.
  • the heating elements and / or the heating conductor layer may in turn be meander-like, for example, to increase the electrical resistance at a given layer thickness, wherein individual, mutually parallel heating elements are connected on each side with at least one adjacent heating element via connecting webs.
  • the heating element is preferably mounted on the downstream side of the air outlet with respect to the corresponding flat tube and extending parallel thereto, wherein the heating element is at least partially received between protruding rib packages. This allows a simple, space-saving and cost-effective attachment.
  • the electrical resistance and thus the heating power can be adjusted by the provision of recesses in the heat-generating layer, for example by means of punched slots, e.g. by a stretch-grid-like design.
  • a deburring of the cut edges takes place after the punching process. This is preferably done by means of a pulsed voltage which is applied between the current-conducting layers, wherein the voltage is preferably increased from pulse to pulse. In this case, possible connection burrs between the two metal layers burn off as a result of the short-time forming arc, with the surrounding areas not or only due to the shortness of the pulses very limited by excessive heat generation.
  • the deburring can also be done by means of an etching process or otherwise.
  • the deburring can be done, for example, directly after punching, possibly also before lamination, or after lamination, subsequent punching and subsequent forming of the heating element.
  • the deburred cut edges are preferably sealed, for example by applying a lacquer or an adhesive which cures after application.
  • sealing may also take place, for example, with elements of different dimensions which are produced separately and then firmly connected to one another, wherein the seal prevents a later short-circuiting deformation of the edges, in particular with small distances between the layers which are highly electrically conductive.
  • a polymer is preferably used for sealing, whereby the thickness of the seal can be adjusted by selecting the viscosity and application method (e.g., dipping, rolling, wiping or beading).
  • the sealing is preferably carried out directly after deburring, but may optionally be done as the last process step after connecting and forming the individual heating elements to a heating grid.
  • the laminate may have the above-mentioned layers, wherein the heat-conducting and protective aluminum layer is in contact with the corrugated fins, while the heat conductor layer with its non-insulated surface forms the side facing away from the heat exchanger. Between aluminum layer and corrugated fins, this results in improved heat transfer, especially with soft aluminum alloy, so that a certain Anschmiegung to the crests of the corrugated fins is possible.
  • Contact conductors can be provided with contact lugs, which electrically conductively engage in the grooves or folds of the heating device and thus directly contact the heating conductor layer.
  • the advantage is achieved that the electric heater contacted by simple means from the outside, d. H. can be supplied with electrical energy from the electrical system.
  • the grid-shaped heating device can be secured against falling out by means of an additionally applied adhesive - in principle, the heating device holds by frictional connection, d. H. by pinching the folds in the spaces between the projecting ribs.
  • the grid-shaped heating device can be formed meander-shaped, d. H. mutually parallel heating strands in the form of convolutions are alternately connected to one another at the ends by wide and narrow webs, so that a coherent structure results, which is easy to handle during assembly. Individual current paths or heating strands can be interrupted and bridged by PTC elements to protect against overheating. In this design of the heater and various circuit variants are possible.
  • a radiator may be assigned to a plurality of heating devices, each covering a part of the end face. These can be switched off one after the other or simultaneously or in order to graduate the heating power.
  • Overheating fuses are preferably provided in the current path, which automatically interrupt the flow of current at too high temperatures.
  • the Overheating fuses are preferably formed by solder joints with a low melting solder between two contact sheets, wherein one of the contact sheets is a prestressed spring steel. The overheating safeguards can protect the entire heating grid and / or parallel sections of the heating grid against overheating.
  • a heat exchanger 1 for a motor vehicle air conditioning system, in particular for a low-consumption vehicle, with a plurality of parallel arranged, traversed by a heat transfer medium flat tubes 2 and between the flat tubes 2 arranged ribbed packets 3 has electrically operated heating elements 4 as an additional heating, which can be switched on when needed ,
  • heating elements 4 are a plurality of individual heating elements 4 inserted after soldering from the Lucasabströmseite of the heat exchanger forth between each adjacent, protruding rib packs 3, each heating element 4 is formed U-shaped for this purpose.
  • Each row of flat tubes 2 is equipped with a heating element 4.
  • the production of the laminar composite of the individual layers takes place here by means of lamination, which is why the heating element 4 can also be referred to as a laminate.
  • a stamping and bending process is provided, during which the heating elements 4 are formed, wherein they receive a substantially U-shaped cross section, so that the flanks in the installed state abut the protruding ribbed packets 3.
  • the cutting can also be done in other ways than by punching, for example by means of a laser.
  • the electrical circuit and the Schuleiter harsh example by means Recesses chosen or designed so that the desired total resistance at thicknesses of 0.1 to 0.25 mm results.
  • the insulating layer 7 has a thickness of about 25 .mu.m, so that a reliable insulation, but also a good heat transfer is ensured.
  • the heat-conducting and protective layer 8 has a thickness of approximately 100 ⁇ m, which does not pose any problems in terms of forming technology and is also adequate with regard to the protective function.
  • 3 chamfers are provided on the protruding rib packages (see Fig. 2 ). These chamfers can be applied, for example, by a forming process prior to soldering the radiator block or thereafter, for which example, a special forming tool is inserted in the direction of insertion of the heating elements 4 between the respective rib packages 3, so that the corners of the individual rib packs 3 are formed and thereby bevelled ,
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show a section through the ribs of the protruding rib packages 3 and a heating element 4 perpendicular to the flow direction of the air.
  • the heat flow through the insulation layer 7 and the heat-focussing in the heat-conducting and protective layer 8 is illustrated by means of arrows.
  • the individual heating elements 4 can be connected in a manner not shown here by parallel and / or series connection via connecting webs.
  • a pulse width modulation method is used, but other methods of power control are possible.
  • the individual heating elements 4 are according to the first embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 5a to 5d can be seen, connected by means of connecting webs 11 and auxiliary connecting webs 12, so that one can denote the heating elements 4 as heating strands of a heating grid 13, consisting of a plurality of heating elements 4, connecting webs 11 and auxiliary connecting webs 12.
  • Fig. 5a a perspective view of the heating grid 13, Fig. 5b an enlarged section, wherein the insertion, as well as in Fig. 5a and 5c , represented by an arrow, Fig. 5c one Fig. 5b corresponding section through two heating elements 4 and Fig. 5d a plan view of the Schuleiter Mrs 5 of the heating grid 13.
  • Fig. 5a a perspective view of the heating grid 13
  • Fig. 5b an enlarged section, wherein the insertion, as well as in Fig. 5a and 5c , represented by an arrow, Fig. 5c one Fig. 5b corresponding section through two heating elements 4 and Fig.
  • the arrangement of the heating elements 4 and connecting webs 11 is meandering, wherein on the connecting web 11 opposite side to increase the strength of the heating grid 13, an auxiliary connecting web 12 is provided, which is severed during or after the installation has been completed.
  • punch-outs which in the present case are circular, are located in the heating conductor layer 5 in the adjacent Provided for the flat tubes 2 arranged area. Instead of circular punched out can also be provided in the longitudinal direction of the heating elements extending punches or recesses.
  • the flanks of the heating elements may have recesses, as in the Figures 13a and 13b is illustrated with reference to two further embodiments.
  • the heating element in this case made of stainless steel 1.4301, even a meander-like structure, whereby the resistance of the individual heating element is increased.
  • the current flow and thus the heat is conducted less through the bottom of the U-shaped support member, so that a lesser heat input into the coolant takes place.
  • a polyester laminated aluminum foil is applied on the heating element.
  • a planed and correspondingly shaped expanded metal structure is provided in which arise by a special section of the metal strip material and simultaneous stretching lozenge-shaped mesh with corresponding webs for the power line.
  • the electrical resistance can be adjusted within wide limits.
  • FIGS. 13c to 13e show how can be extended by the arrangement of punched the way of current flow, so shows Fig. 13c a high electrical resistance, Fig. 13d a medium electrical resistance and Fig. 13e a relatively low electrical resistance.
  • a gap 21 is provided in the circuit, which is bridged by means of a fuse element (in particular fuse, not shown), which interrupts the circuit when a predetermined limit temperature is exceeded.
  • a temperature-resistant adhesive is provided for additional securing of the heating elements 4 on the heat exchanger 1.
  • Fig. 6 shows a heat exchanger 1 with mounted and electrically contacted additional heating, which is formed by meandering heating elements 4.
  • tabs 31 are provided for a plug contact of a radiator-side, unspecified connector on a narrow side of the heat exchanger 1.
  • the existing in the present example four contact lugs 31 are integrally formed with contact conductors 32 having contact lugs 33 for contact with the heating elements 4.
  • at least two contact conductors 32 are provided, one of which is designed as a ground rail 32a, which also has a plurality of contact lugs 33 in the presence of a plurality of heating grid.
  • the ground contact conductor 32a has an additional electrically conductive connection 34 as potential equalization to the heat exchanger block.
  • FIG. 7 shows a section through the contact point of contact lug 33 and heating element 4.
  • the dimensions of the contact lug 33 are matched to the free space in the U-shaped region of the heating elements 4.
  • This contact lug 33 may have spring elements (not shown) for ensuring a reliable contact.
  • a plug contact another contact can be provided, for example, spring tongues, screws or rivets.
  • a welding, soldering or gluing may be provided for electrical contacting of the heating grid with the power supply, wherein contact elements, in particular contact plates can be formed integrally with the heater or separately thereof.
  • An example of an alternative contacting in another embodiment shows Fig. 12 .
  • the tabs can also be attached to the contact conductor, for example by means of a solder joint, welded connection or crimp or rivet connection.
  • the contact conductor can also form a structural unit with elements for attachment to the heat exchanger, for which, for example, clips can be provided.
  • all contact conductors can be encapsulated by a plastic part, not shown, which holds the individual contact conductors in their relative position, comprises clip elements and at the same time forms the housing of a plug.
  • Fig. 8a shows the second embodiment according to which a plurality of individually formed heating elements 4 are connected to each other accordingly.
  • a double-T-shaped stainless steel heater board is provided as Bankleiter für 5 (see Fig. 8b ) having a plurality of circular punch-outs arranged along the longitudinal axis.
  • a rectangular punched or cut insulating and protective film, which consists of an insulating layer and a heat-conducting and protective layer is laminated to this heater board.
  • flags 41 are provided corresponding to the formation of pads Fig. 12 or connecting webs parallel heating elements 4 or to form an overheating fuse 42 can be used, as in the FIGS. 9 and 10 shown.
  • overheating fuses 42 is particularly useful when no air flows through the heat exchanger 1, no water or water mixture flows through the flat tubes 2, especially if there is no water in the heat exchanger 1 (radiator) and a very high electrical heating power is required.
  • the overheating fuse 42 is formed by a thermally releasing fuse, wherein the two lugs 41 of adjacent heating elements 4 are soldered to one another by means of a soft solder or a eutectic solder.
  • the heating elements 4 are elastically deformed, so that in case of overheating and associated loosening of the solder joint, the heating elements 4 again deform back and the flags 41 out of contact, whereby the circuit is interrupted.
  • the self-heating due to the current density and the thermal connection to the heating bar can set the limit temperature at which the circuit is interrupted, in this case, this is about 150 ° C.
  • the limit temperature at which the circuit is interrupted in this case, this is about 150 ° C.
  • an equilibrium temperature is established during operation, in which the generated heat loss and the heat dissipated to the passing air and the heating bar are in equilibrium.
  • FIG. 11 a and 11 b is shown how the triggering temperature of the overheat protection 42 can be adjusted to the desired value by varying the conductive cross section in the region of the SchmelzlotMIS.
  • the other connections are used in particular the fixed connection of the individual heating elements 4, so that from the individual heating elements 4, a heating grid is formed, corresponding to that of the first embodiment, but with a parallel connection of two heating elements.
  • Such a cohesive heater grid is easier to assemble, since not individual heating elements must be positioned and contacted.
  • parallel circuits and series circuits of heating elements can be realized in a simple manner.
  • connection with the electrical contact element can, as shown previously or as in Fig. 12 represented by solder joints 51 done that can serve as overheating fuses at the same time.
  • the insulating layer 7 is already provided by a self-adhesive coating of an aluminum foil which forms the heat-conducting and protective layer 8.
  • a heating element 4 is constituted by a power supply layer 5 (first electrode) formed by a steel heater grid, an adhesive layer 6 formed by an adhesive coating of the subsequent polymer PTC layer 7 made of a polymer PTC material is formed with a defined resistivity, and a subsequent mass, heat conduction and protective layer 8, which is formed by an aluminum layer (second electrode) formed.
  • the preparation is carried out according to the first embodiment.
  • the most distant from the rib packages 3 layer is only limited to the heat generation, but rather the power supply and distribution, so that the stream evenly through the adhesive layer 6 and in particular the polymer PTC layer 7, which is used for heat generation , flows and is discharged via the heat-conducting and protective layer 8 (second electrode).
  • the adhesive layers must be sufficiently electrically conductive, which can be achieved for example by mixing Leitruß or other electrically conductive particles.
  • Other bonding techniques between the metal layers and the polymer PTC layer are also conceivable. Due to the PTC resistance behavior (positive temperature coefficient) of the polymer PTC layer 7, the heating grid 13 thus formed has sufficient intrinsic safety, so that no overheating protection is required.
  • the heat exchanger 1 is preferably at the ground potential, as well as in all previous embodiments.
  • FIGS. 14a to 14c show a formed from individual elements heater grid with serial circuit of each two parallel heating elements to adjust the electrical resistance.
  • solder joints are provided as fuses (overheating protection 42) at the transitions between the individual heating elements, wherein in principle a single fuse would be sufficient.
  • electrical contacting contact plates are provided at the ends, in the Fig. 14c represented by "+" and the earth symbol. Any other interconnections, eg the interconnection of all heating elements 4 in series or the parallel connection of all heating elements 4, are possible.
  • the heating elements are deburred after punching before or after forming and connecting to a heater, for which - with reference to the first embodiment and FIGS. 15a to 15c -
  • a pulsed, increasing over time voltage is applied, so that form when reaching a sufficiently large voltage arcs at the critical points between the two layers and as a result of the resulting heat burn off the burrs (oxidize and / or vaporize). Since the pulses are limited in time, the heat and the heat input, in particular in the temperature-sensitive intervening polymer layer are limited so that it is not damaged. Through the burning process, a minimum distance between the electrically conductive layers can be ensured all around.
  • a sealing of the deburred cutting edges takes place after deburring (see Fig. 15c ).
  • the cut edges are provided with an insulating polymer (seal 61), which hardens after application.
  • the individual heating elements are reshaped and connected to a heating grid.
  • Deburring and sealing can also form the last steps after forming.
  • the distance between the two conductive layers may be Layers are insufficient to safely avoid a short circuit.
  • a seal 61 is provided.
  • FIGS. 17a and 17b after lamination, free etching of an area (in Fig. 17a surrounded by a dashed line), in which later separation takes place by means of punching, as in Fig. 17b shown.
  • an area in which later separation takes place by means of punching, as in Fig. 17b shown.
  • the heating conductor layer is removed in a relatively small and limited area, the insulation layer remaining undamaged.
  • the width of the area is dimensioned such that it can be ensured that the punched cut runs in this area and, after the cut has been made, a short circuit due to a burr present by the punching between the two well electrically conductive layers is reliably ruled out.
  • a heating element 4 is provided consisting of a steel element (heat conducting element 8) and a composite sealed thereon (heating conductor layer 5 and insulating layer 7).
  • heat conducting element 8 heat conducting element 8
  • a composite sealed thereon heating conductor layer 5 and insulating layer 7.
  • the end regions 71 of the composite are folded over, with the insulating layer 7 coming to lie on the outside, as a result of which the heating conductor layer 5, which is grounded, is covered in these end regions 71.
  • the individual heating elements 4 can be fixed by means of gluing on the heat exchanger 1.
  • a plastic retaining element 81 is provided for fixing the heating elements 4 on the heat exchanger 1, which is pushed over the heat exchanger 1 and allows the fixation on the contact plates 82 of the heating elements 4.
  • the contact plates 82 clip into the holding element 81.
  • a discharge allows the heating elements 4 against pressure and train, since a large part of the forces is absorbed by the holding member 81.
  • electrically conducting current strips 91 are provided at the interconnected ends of the heating elements 4, in order to reduce the current density in these areas, which only insignificantly serve to heat the ribbed packs 3.
  • the production can, as in Fig. 22a represented by means of continuous current bands 91, which are subsequently cut.
  • the arrival - or with appropriate design - introduction of the current bands 91, in this case formed by flexible copper bands, can be done by riveting, soldering, gluing, pressing or otherwise, the attachment or introduction before or after the bending of the heating elements 4 done can.
  • an overheating fuse 42 can be integrated to protect against overheating. A detail is in Fig. 23c to see.
  • a current band 91 is shown, which only partially projects between two adjacent heating elements 4, but represents the only electrical contact between them (attachment of the current band 91 after the deformation).
  • the current band 91 extends all the way into the groove formed as a result of the deformation (in particular when the current band 91 is attached before the deformation).
  • the individual adjacent heating elements 4 may have overlapping end regions (FIG. Fig. 22d ), butt end portions ( Fig. 22e ) or disputed end regions ( Fig. 22f ) exhibit.
  • Fig. 22g a mechanical fixation by forming the current band 91 is shown, wherein material from the current band 91 is pressed through openings in the heating elements 4.
  • Fig. 22g a mechanical fixation by forming the current band 91 is shown, wherein material from the current band 91 is pressed through openings in the heating elements 4.
  • FIG. 22h a soldered or welded connection of current band 91 and heating elements 4 is shown.
  • the design of the heating elements 4 corresponds to the in Fig. 18 shown, ie to a short circuit too prevent the end portions 71 of the composite (aluminum / insulation film) consisting of heat conductor and insulation layer 5 and 7 are folded, the insulation layer 7 comes to lie outside, whereby the heat conductor layer 5, which is grounded, in these end regions 71 is covered.
  • the current band 91 (copper strip) thus only contacts the heat-conducting element 8 (in FIG Figs. 22g and 22h referred to as steel heating element).
  • each heater a To prevent excessive temperatures on the heater grid formed as fuses overheating 42 are provided, in this case each heater a.
  • Fig. 23a is the attachment of a heater on one of the two contact plates, which consists of spring steel, shown, wherein the attachment takes place already in the connection of the heater under bias and with the aid of cumschmelzendem solder.
  • Fig. 23b shows a corresponding embodiment of the overheating fuse 42, but in this case directly between two heating registers.
  • Fig. 23c shows the use of a current band 91 with targeted cross-sectional reduction, which serves as overheating fuse 42. At the bottleneck, the temperature is greatly increased with the corresponding current flow, so that at too high a temperature rise, this point melts and interrupts the circuit.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Echangeur de chaleur, en particulier pour un système de chauffage ou de climatisation d'un véhicule automobile, comprenant plusieurs tubes plats (2) disposés en étant parallèles entre eux et traversés par un milieu de transmission de chaleur, où un élément chauffant (4) fonctionnant électriquement et monté après le brasage de l'échangeur de chaleur (1) est associé, comme chauffage supplémentaire, à au moins une partie des tubes plats (2), lequel élément chauffant est fixé directement ou indirectement sur l'échangeur de chaleur (1), où l'échangeur de chaleur présente des paquets d'ailettes disposés entre les tubes plats, où l'élément chauffant (4) est formé au moins partiellement d'au moins trois couches différentes, solidement reliées entre elles sur une grande étendue, caractérisé en ce que les éléments chauffants sont insérés à chaque fois entre des paquets d'ailettes adjacents et faisant saillie, à partir du côté de sortie d'air de l'échangeur de chaleur, où chaque élément chauffant est configuré, pour ce faire, en forme de u.
  2. Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élément chauffant (4) est prévu en comportant à chaque fois au moins une couche conductrice chauffante (5), une couche isolante (7) et une couche conductrice de la chaleur et de protection (8).
  3. Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'élément chauffant (4) présente une couche conductrice chauffante (5) qui est formée par une couche de métal, en particulier d'acier spécial.
  4. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'élément chauffant (4) présente une couche conductrice chauffante (5) qui présente une épaisseur allant de 0,1 mm à 0,25 mm.
  5. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'élément chauffant (4) présente une couche conductrice chauffante (5) qui est déformable élastiquement.
  6. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'élément chauffant (4) présente une couche isolante (7) qui est formée par une couche de polymère, en particulier de polyester, de naphtalate de polyéthylène (PEN) ou de polyimide.
  7. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'élément chauffant (4) présente une couche isolante (7) qui est formée par un film isolant ou par un vernis.
  8. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'élément chauffant (4) présente une couche isolante (7) qui présente une épaisseur allant de 10 µm à 100 µm, en particulier de 15 µm à 50 µm.
  9. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'élément chauffant (4) présente une couche conductrice de la chaleur et de protection (8) qui est formée par une couche d'aluminium.
  10. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'élément chauffant (4) présente une couche conductrice de la chaleur et de protection (8) qui présente une épaisseur allant de 20 µm à 200 µm, en particulier de 50 µm à 100 µm.
  11. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'élément chauffant (4) présente une couche de colle (6) et/ou au moins l'une des couches (5, 7 et/ou 8), au moins un revêtement auto-adhésif (6) ou un revêtement obtenu par scellement à chaud.
  12. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'élément chauffant (4) est conçu comme une grille de chauffage, ou bien une pluralité d'éléments chauffants (4) est assemblée pour former une grille de chauffage (13).
  13. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'élément chauffant (4) est monté, sur le côté de sortie d'air, de façon frontale par rapport au tube plat correspondant et en s'étendant parallèlement à celui-ci.
EP04797952.1A 2003-11-20 2004-11-17 Echanger de chaleur, en particulier pour un systeme de chauffage ou de climatisation d'un vehicule à moteur Not-in-force EP1687572B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10354384 2003-11-20
DE10354385 2003-11-20
DE10356108 2003-11-27
PCT/EP2004/013036 WO2005050101A2 (fr) 2003-11-20 2004-11-17 Echangeur de chaleur, en particulier pour un systeme de chauffage ou de climatisation d'un vehicule a moteur, et procede de fabrication dudit echangeur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1687572A2 EP1687572A2 (fr) 2006-08-09
EP1687572B1 true EP1687572B1 (fr) 2014-10-15

Family

ID=34623404

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04797952.1A Not-in-force EP1687572B1 (fr) 2003-11-20 2004-11-17 Echanger de chaleur, en particulier pour un systeme de chauffage ou de climatisation d'un vehicule à moteur

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1687572B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2007511412A (fr)
DE (1) DE102004055523A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005050101A2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023198852A1 (fr) * 2022-04-15 2023-10-19 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Corps de chauffe d'un radiateur électrique

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2947983B1 (fr) * 2009-07-08 2013-03-15 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Barreau chauffant constitutif d'un radiateur electrique
EP2540540A1 (fr) * 2011-07-01 2013-01-02 Behr France Rouffach SAS Radiateur avec chauffage auxiliaire électrique intégré
EP2685784B1 (fr) 2012-07-11 2016-09-14 MAHLE Behr GmbH & Co. KG Heating device
CN106996994B (zh) * 2017-05-26 2023-12-05 昆山迈致治具科技有限公司 温度循环测试台
FR3075552B1 (fr) * 2017-12-19 2022-05-20 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Dispositif de chauffage electrique avec moyens de mise a la masse
EP3930423B1 (fr) * 2020-06-22 2023-10-11 Mahle International GmbH Module de chauffage pour un dispositif de chauffage
CN117804263A (zh) * 2023-12-22 2024-04-02 绍兴百立杰环保科技有限公司 一种带均热功能的全热交换芯体

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5180900A (en) * 1991-04-15 1993-01-19 Tapeswitch Corporation Of America Electrical resistance element with heat-sensitive disconnect capability
DE4436791A1 (de) 1994-10-14 1996-04-18 Behr Gmbh & Co Heizkörper für eine Heizungsanlage eines Kraftfahrzeugs
US6178292B1 (en) 1997-02-06 2001-01-23 Denso Corporation Core unit of heat exchanger having electric heater
ES2204008T3 (es) 1998-02-20 2004-04-16 Smart Gmbh Instalacion de calefaccion o de climatizacion para los vehiculos automoviles.
DE19858499A1 (de) 1998-12-18 2000-06-21 Behr Gmbh & Co Wärmeübertrager
JP4092805B2 (ja) 1999-03-19 2008-05-28 株式会社デンソー 車両用空調装置
DE10025539A1 (de) * 2000-05-23 2001-11-29 Diehl Ako Stiftung Gmbh & Co Heizeinrichtung für ein Haushaltsgerät

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023198852A1 (fr) * 2022-04-15 2023-10-19 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Corps de chauffe d'un radiateur électrique
FR3134675A1 (fr) * 2022-04-15 2023-10-20 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Corps de chauffe d’un radiateur électrique

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2007511412A (ja) 2007-05-10
EP1687572A2 (fr) 2006-08-09
DE102004055523A1 (de) 2005-06-30
WO2005050101A2 (fr) 2005-06-02
WO2005050101A3 (fr) 2005-11-03

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0705055B1 (fr) Chauffage électrique, en particulier pour des voitures
EP2724086B1 (fr) Échangeur de chaleur
EP0379873B1 (fr) Appareil pour chauffeur des gaz
EP1560242B1 (fr) Unité de contrôle avec un dispositif pour la protection thermique et un dispositif de chauffage comprenant une telle unité
EP2217864B1 (fr) Dispositif de chauffe
EP2553784B1 (fr) Rail de distribution pour un distributeur électrique dans des véhicules, ainsi que distributeur électrique possédant un tel rail de distribution
EP1509730A1 (fr) Echangeur de chaleur, destine en particulier a une installation de chauffage ou de climatisation d'un vehicule automobile
EP3493650A1 (fr) Dispositif de chauffage électrique
DE102008003975A1 (de) Wärmetauscher-Lamellenmodul, Wärmetauscher und elektrisches Heizmodul
EP1687572B1 (fr) Echanger de chaleur, en particulier pour un systeme de chauffage ou de climatisation d'un vehicule à moteur
EP1839920B1 (fr) Chauffage électrique pour un système de climatisation d'un véhicule
WO2006111240A1 (fr) Chauffage electrique destine a un systeme de chauffage ou de climatisation d'un vehicule
WO2016005205A1 (fr) Dispositif de commande pour dispositif de chauffage électrique et procédé pour sa production
WO2012016686A1 (fr) Module à lamelles d'échange de chaleur, échangeur de chaleur et module de chauffage électrique
EP1926346A1 (fr) Dispositif de chauffage électrique, en particulier de véhicules
EP1935684A1 (fr) Chauffage électrique ou chauffage, en particulier pour un climatiseur ou une installation de chauffage d'un véhicule automobile
DE102012109768A1 (de) Radiatorelement, Heizstufe und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Radiatorelementes
EP3322942B2 (fr) Procédé de fabrication d'un élément à ailettes ondulées, élément à ailettes ondulées et registre de chauffage
DE102006025320A1 (de) Wärmetauscher, insbesondere für eine Heizungs- oder Klimaanlage eines Kraftfahrzeugs
EP1340638A2 (fr) Dispositif d'échange de chaleur
WO2011082803A2 (fr) Module thermo-électrique, ensemble avec module, générateur thermo-électrique et dispositif de conduite de gaz brûlés avec générateur
WO2021155997A1 (fr) Dispositif de chauffage électrique et procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif de chauffage
DE102011088418B4 (de) Bondverbindung
DE202016103239U1 (de) Elektrische Sicherungseinrichtung mit einem Gehäuse
DE19832234A1 (de) Elektrisches Sicherungselement mit zwischen Anschlußstücken angeordnetem Schmelzstreifen

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20060620

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20110221

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20140502

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMAN

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 691869

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20141115

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 502004014740

Country of ref document: DE

Effective date: 20141127

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: VDEP

Effective date: 20141015

RAP2 Party data changed (patent owner data changed or rights of a patent transferred)

Owner name: MAHLE BEHR GMBH & CO. KG

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141015

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150215

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150216

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141015

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141015

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150116

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141015

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141015

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141015

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20141130

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 502004014740

Country of ref document: DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141015

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141015

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141015

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141015

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20141130

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141015

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141015

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20141130

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: MM4A

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141015

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20150716

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20150115

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20141117

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20150115

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 12

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MM01

Ref document number: 691869

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20141117

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141015

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20141117

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141015

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141015

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO

Effective date: 20041117

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20141117

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 13

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 14

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20181203

Year of fee payment: 15

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20181122

Year of fee payment: 15

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R119

Ref document number: 502004014740

Country of ref document: DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20200603

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20191130