EP1686260A1 - Fuel injector and engine including such an injector - Google Patents

Fuel injector and engine including such an injector Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP1686260A1
EP1686260A1 EP06290133A EP06290133A EP1686260A1 EP 1686260 A1 EP1686260 A1 EP 1686260A1 EP 06290133 A EP06290133 A EP 06290133A EP 06290133 A EP06290133 A EP 06290133A EP 1686260 A1 EP1686260 A1 EP 1686260A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
orifices
injector
injection
central axis
fuel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP06290133A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Michael Pontoppidan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Marelli Argentan France SAS
Original Assignee
Magneti Marelli Motopropulsion France SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Magneti Marelli Motopropulsion France SAS filed Critical Magneti Marelli Motopropulsion France SAS
Publication of EP1686260A1 publication Critical patent/EP1686260A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
    • F02M61/1813—Discharge orifices having different orientations with respect to valve member direction of movement, e.g. orientations being such that fuel jets emerging from discharge orifices collide with each other

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fuel injector for spraying fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. More particularly, it relates to a fuel injector comprising a body intended to be fixed to the engine and a spray head extending along a central axis from a base connected to the body to a free end, said spray head comprising a chamber internal injection, a free outer face extending between the base and the free end, and including a plurality of injection orifices constituted by at least two groups of injection ports extending from an internal outlet.
  • each of said groups of injection ports having a first orifice and at least a second orifice adapted to each spray a jet of fuel according to a first and a second direction respectively, said first and second directions forming an acute angle between them, so that the jets of a group of o rifices are interposed in a so-called burst zone located at a distance from the outer face.
  • This type of injector provides a particularly significant atomization of fuel due to the bursting of each jet produced from the interception of this jet with the or other jets of the group of injection ports.
  • the kinetic energy of the fuel of a jet is reduced from the bursting zone, which limits the penetration of the jet into the combustion chamber and prevents a projection of fuel on the walls of the cylinder which could cause the emission of unburned fuel.
  • This limitation of the penetration of the jet is also reinforced because of the radial component, from the burst zone, of the speed of the fuel with respect to the direction of injection.
  • the present invention aims to prevent the occurrence of these phenomena having an adverse effect on the optimization of combustion and the reduction of pollutant emissions, by proposing an injector of the aforementioned type, the bursting of the fuel jets is produce in an expected manner for at least most engine operating conditions.
  • the subject of the invention is a fuel injector of the aforementioned type, characterized in that all the internal outlets of said plurality of orifices are located in the same plane substantially transverse to the central axis of the spray head.
  • the simultaneity of all the fuel jets produced by all the orifices of the spray head is respected, even when the operating conditions of the injector are substantially modified.
  • the jet resulting from the bursting of the jets produced by a group of orifices has a generally constant conformation during an injection or when the supply pressure of the injection chamber varies.
  • this arrangement of the orifices in the injection head has advantages for the manufacture of the injector. Indeed, to produce an injector such as that described in the document US-A-20020000483, it is necessary to achieve the different orifices of a group of injection orifices, or to modify the inclination of the tool by relative to the central axis, or to use two separate tools to achieve respectively the first and second orifices. While for the injector made according to the invention, in which the set of orifices has the same inclination with respect to the central axis, it is only necessary to pivot the tool around a parallel axis. to the central axis, which allows greater accuracy and speed of realization.
  • the fuel injector defined above is particularly suitable for direct injection into a diesel engine by attaching the injector body to the engine cylinder head and arranging the injector head into the combustion chamber.
  • Figure 1 is partially shown schematically a combustion chamber of a diesel engine in cross section.
  • the chamber comprises a cylinder head 1 and a movable piston 2 which has a central recess in a manner well known for direct injection diesel engines.
  • the cylinder head 1 is provided with an injector generally designated by the reference 4, which comprises a body 5 fixed to the cylinder head and a spray head 6 extending along a central axis X from a base 6a integral with the body 5 to a free end 6b arranged in the-combustion chamber.
  • the central axis X of the injector 4 coincides with the axis of the cylinder, but it is perfectly possible that the central axis of the injector is offset and / or inclined relative to the cylinder axis.
  • the spray head 6 of the injector has an outer surface which, in the embodiment shown, comprises from the base 6a of the head, a frustoconical portion 6c, followed by a cylindrical portion 6d coaxial with the central axis X, and terminated by the free end 6b.
  • the spray head has an internal chamber 7, called injection chamber.
  • the head of the injector comprises three groups (10, 20, 30) of injection orifices.
  • Each group of injection ports comprises a first port (11; 21; 31) associated with a second port (12; 22; 32).
  • Each of these orifices extends from an internal outlet located in the injection chamber 7 to an external outlet located in the cylindrical portion 6d of the outer face.
  • the injection chamber 7 is selectively brought into communication with a feed chamber 8 which contains fuel under high pressure, and preferably under a pressure greater than 1000 bar.
  • This fuel can be supplied to the feed chamber 8 by any known device and in particular by a common injection rail.
  • the injection chamber 7 is placed in communication with the feed chamber 8 by moving a needle 9 along the central axis X between a closed position, represented in FIG. 2, in which a conical portion 9a of the needle is in abutment against an additional seat separating the injection and feeding chambers (7,8).
  • the movements of the needle 9 are controlled by any known device, and in particular by an electromagnetic or piezoelectric device, preferably controlled by an electronic engine management module according to the operating parameters of the latter, which acts either directly on the 9, or by means of a hydraulic amplification system.
  • the needle 9 In the open position, the needle 9 is spaced from the seat to ensure direct communication between the supply chamber 8 and the injection chamber 7, so as to minimize the pressure losses between these chambers.
  • the lifting of the needle 9 between the closed position and the open position is as short as possible in order to reduce the flight time and ballistic time of the needle.
  • the first orifice 11 is a cylindrical hole extending in a first direction D11, which is adapted to spray a jet of fuel in this direction D11.
  • the second port 12 is adapted to spray a fuel jet in a second direction D12.
  • the orifices may have a conical profile, for example flared towards the external outlet.
  • the first and second orifices 11, 12 are arranged relative to each other so that the first and second directions (D11, D12) form an acute angle ⁇ between them and are intercepted at a point I located away from the cylindrical portion 6d of the outer face of the spray head 6.
  • the fuel jets exiting through the first and second ports (11,12) collide creating a significant loss of kinetic energy of the fuel liquid, and a radial velocity component with respect to their respective direction (D11, D12).
  • This increases the atomization of the fuel into fine droplets and limits the depth of penetration of the fuel jets into the combustion chamber.
  • This has the effect of limiting the emissions of pollutants and in particular the amount of particles.
  • the second and third groups (20,30) of orifices each comprise a first (21; 31) and a second (22; 32) orifices arranged with respect to one another in a manner analogous to that of the first group 10 orifices.
  • all of the orifices (11, 12, 21, 22, 31, 32) of each of the groups of orifices (10, 20, 30) is located in the same plane, of trace P, which is perpendicular to the central axis X, the spray directions (D11, D12, D21, D22, D31, D32) being exactly included in this plane.
  • the machining of the orifices can be performed with tools carrying only a translational movement in the plane P, for example a tool movable in the direction D11 and the other mobile in the direction D22 so as to realize simultaneously the orifices 11 and 22, the other orifices being made after a rotation of the head 6 of the injector about the central axis X.
  • the orifices can also be made using a single tool mounted on a support which allows pivoting in the plane P around the point of rotation I.
  • this arrangement of the orifices causes their internal outlet into the injection chamber 7 to be located at the same longitudinal position of this chamber, and that consequently all the orifices is - fed under the same fuel pressure.
  • the jets produced by the first and second orifices are perfectly simultaneous and created by the same fuel pressure.
  • the bursting of the jets of each of the groups of orifices is thus ensured throughout the duration of an injection, unlike some injectors of the prior art in which the outlets of the orifices in the injection chamber are located at different positions. different longitudinal positions, positions where the fuel pressure can be momentarily significantly different due to pressure drops, turbulence or pressure waves produced by the lifting of the needle. Interception of the jets also causes atomization of the fuel even if the pressure of the fuel in the injection chamber 7 has not reached the nominal operating pressure, which is particularly advantageous for injections of very short duration.
  • the injector made according to the invention is particularly suitable for making injections of very short duration and under very high pressure.
  • This structure of the spray head is perfectly adapted to be associated with injector actuators capable of producing a series of several injections (for example 5 or 7) during a cycle, grouped into pre-injections, main injection and post-injections.
  • the injection directions (D11, D12, D21, D22, D31, D32) are included in the same plane P perpendicular to the central axis, it is possible to predict that the directions S ' deviate from the plane P, for example by a few degrees, so that the external outlets of the orifices are outside this plane, but provided that the internal outlets remain in the same perpendicular plane P to retain the main advantages of the present invention.
  • the angle ⁇ formed between the first orifice 11 and the second orifice 12 of the first group 10 is preferably between 15 and 50 degrees so as to obtain a sufficiently large collision angle, without however excessively increasing the difference between the internal outlets of a group of orifices.
  • this range of value for the angle ⁇ is not limiting, the angle ⁇ may increase when the diameter of the cylindrical portion 6d of the head increases. But when the diameter of the spray head increases, it is also possible to increase the number of groups of orifices, for example to obtain four groups of two orifices with an angle ⁇ within the range indicated.
  • the first and second orifices (11, 12) are arranged between each other and with respect to the central axis X so that the bisector B of the angle ⁇ formed between them is oriented radially with respect to the central axis X.
  • the angle of the outlet of the first and second orifices (11,12) to the outer surface 6d of the head 6 of the injector is symmetrical.
  • the length of the first and second orifices is identical, which makes it possible to obtain the same pressure drop through these orifices.
  • the first and second orifices (11, 12) are constituted by holes of the same profile, cylindrical or conical, which limits the risks of dispersion of the characteristics of the jets according to the operating conditions or during the spraying.
  • all orifices are cylindrical holes of the same diameter. But, of course, the present invention does not exclude groups of injection ports of significantly different diameter.
  • the head of the injector comprises three groups of orifices (10, 20, 30) each comprising two orifices (11, 12, 21, 22, 31, 32), which makes it possible to obtain a sufficiently homogeneous mixture in the combustion chamber while minimizing the number of orifices to be machined.
  • each group of orifices for example a main orifice, extending for example in a radial direction with respect to the central axis X, flanked by two secondary orifices, possibly of smaller diameter, and oriented so that the fuel jets exiting through these secondary ports intercept the jet formed by the main orifice.
  • the portion 6d of the outer face in which the openings open, and the inner face 7a of the injection chamber 7, are both cylindrical and coaxial with the central axis X.
  • the head of the injector could have a generally triangular cross-section, square or hexagonal depending on the number of groups of orifices, without departing from the scope of the present invention.
  • the outer shape of the spray head could be different, for example it could be generally cylindrical or conical.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The injector has a spraying head (6) with three orifice groups, each having two orifices extending from internal outlets to external outlets located on a cylindrical portion (6d). The orifices spray fuel jets along respective directions which form an acute angle such that the jets intercept into a point remote from the portion. The internal outlets of the orifices are placed in a same plane (P) transversal to a central axis of the head. An independent claim is also included for a diesel engine having a fuel injector.

Description

La présente invention se rapporte à un injecteur de carburant pour pulvériser du carburant dans une chambre de combustion d'un moteur à combustion interne. Plus particulièrement, elle se rapporte à un injecteur de carburant comprenant un corps destiné à être fixé au moteur et une tête pulvérisatrice s'étendant selon un axe central depuis une base reliée au corps jusqu'à une extrémité libre, ladite tête pulvérisatrice comprenant une chambre interne d'injection, une face extérieure libre s'étendant entre la base et l'extrémité libre, et incluant une pluralité d'orifices d'injection constituée par au moins deux groupes d'orifices d'injection s'étendant depuis un débouché interne situé dans la chambre d'injection jusqu'à un débouché externe situé sur la face extérieure, chacun desdits groupes d'orifices d'injection comportant un premier orifice et au moins un deuxième orifice adapté pour pulvériser chacun un jet de carburant selon une -première et une deuxième direction respectivement, lesdites première et deuxième directions formant entre elles un angle aigu, de manière à ce que les jets d'un groupe d'orifices s'interceptent dans une zone dite d'éclatement située à distance de la face extérieure.The present invention relates to a fuel injector for spraying fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. More particularly, it relates to a fuel injector comprising a body intended to be fixed to the engine and a spray head extending along a central axis from a base connected to the body to a free end, said spray head comprising a chamber internal injection, a free outer face extending between the base and the free end, and including a plurality of injection orifices constituted by at least two groups of injection ports extending from an internal outlet. located in the injection chamber to an external outlet located on the outer face, each of said groups of injection ports having a first orifice and at least a second orifice adapted to each spray a jet of fuel according to a first and a second direction respectively, said first and second directions forming an acute angle between them, so that the jets of a group of o rifices are interposed in a so-called burst zone located at a distance from the outer face.

Ce type d'injecteur, connu par exemple du document US-A-20020000483, permet d'obtenir une atomisation particulièrement importante du carburant du fait de l'éclatement de chaque jet produit à partir de l'interception de ce jet avec le ou les autres jets du groupe d'orifices d'injection. De plus, l'énergie cinétique du carburant d'un jet est réduite à partir de la zone d'éclatement, ce qui limite la pénétration du jet dans la chambre de combustion et évite une projection de carburant sur les parois du cylindre qui pourrait entraîner l'émission de carburant non brûlé. Cette limitation de la pénétration du jet est aussi renforcée du fait de la composante radiale, à partir de la zone d'éclatement, de la vitesse du carburant par rapport à la direction d'injection.This type of injector, known for example from US-A-20020000483, provides a particularly significant atomization of fuel due to the bursting of each jet produced from the interception of this jet with the or other jets of the group of injection ports. In addition, the kinetic energy of the fuel of a jet is reduced from the bursting zone, which limits the penetration of the jet into the combustion chamber and prevents a projection of fuel on the walls of the cylinder which could cause the emission of unburned fuel. This limitation of the penetration of the jet is also reinforced because of the radial component, from the burst zone, of the speed of the fuel with respect to the direction of injection.

Il est particulièrement avantageux d'utiliser ce type d'injecteur qui permet d'homogénéiser la pulvérisation dans la chambre de combustion, pour les moteurs diesel à injection directe haute pression à raison d'un injecteur par cylindre.It is particularly advantageous to use this type of injector which makes it possible to homogenize the spray in the combustion chamber, for high-pressure direct injection diesel engines at the rate of one injector per cylinder.

Toutefois, on a constaté avec ce type d'injecteur de l'art antérieur que l'éclatement des jets de carburant d'un groupe d'orifices ne se produisait pas toujours de façon optimale. Il apparaît que dans certaines conditions, d'une part, les jets produits par un premier et un deuxième orifices d'un groupe ne sont pas parfaitement simultanés, ce qui peut entraîner pendant un bref instant une absence d'éclatement de l'un des jets, et d'autre part que les caractéristiques des premier et deuxième jets, comme par exemple leur débit, ne varient pas de manière proportionnelle, ce qui entraîne une déviation plus ou moins sensible du jet formé par un groupe d'orifices après la zone d'éclatement. Ces phénomènes ont un effet néfaste sur l'atomisation du carburant et l'homogénéisation du mélange air/carburant dans la chambre de combustion et par conséquent sur les émissions de polluants. Ces phénomènes sont d'autant plus dommageables que leur importance a tendance à augmenter lorsqu'on augmente la pression d'injection vers des valeurs élevées, de l'ordre de 2000 bars de nos jours, et lorsque l'on cherche à réduire le temps d'injection pour augmenter le nombre de celles-ci au cours d'un cycle, alors que l'augmentation de la pression d'injection et du nombre d'injections par cycle sont généralement considérés comme des facteurs pouvant améliorer la combustion.However, it has been found with this type of injector of the prior art that the bursting of the fuel jets of a group of orifices does not always occur optimally. It appears that under certain conditions, on the one hand, the jets produced by a first and a second orifices of a group are not perfectly simultaneous, which may cause for a brief moment an absence of bursting of one of the jets, and secondly that the characteristics of the first and second jets, such as their flow, do not vary proportionally, resulting in a more or less sensitive deflection of the jet formed by a group of orifices after the zone burst. These phenomena have a detrimental effect on the atomization of the fuel and the homogenization of the air / fuel mixture in the combustion chamber and consequently on the pollutant emissions. These phenomena are all the more damaging as their importance tends to increase when the injection pressure is increased to high values, of the order of 2000 bar today, and when one seeks to reduce the time injection to increase the number of these during a cycle, while increasing the pressure Injection and the number of injections per cycle are generally considered as factors that can improve combustion.

La présente invention a pour but d'éviter l'apparition de ces phénomènes ayant un effet défavorable sur l'optimisation de la combustion et la réduction des émissions de polluants, en proposant un injecteur du type précité dont l'éclatement des jets de carburant se produisent de manière attendue pour au moins la plupart des conditions de fonctionnement du moteur.The present invention aims to prevent the occurrence of these phenomena having an adverse effect on the optimization of combustion and the reduction of pollutant emissions, by proposing an injector of the aforementioned type, the bursting of the fuel jets is produce in an expected manner for at least most engine operating conditions.

A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un injecteur de carburant du type précité, caractérisé en ce que l'ensemble des débouchés internes de ladite pluralité d'orifices, est situé dans un même plan sensiblement transversal à l'axe central de la tête pulvérisatrice.For this purpose, the subject of the invention is a fuel injector of the aforementioned type, characterized in that all the internal outlets of said plurality of orifices are located in the same plane substantially transverse to the central axis of the spray head.

Grâce à cette disposition, on constate que la simultanéité de tous les jets de carburant produits par l'ensemble des orifices de la tête de pulvérisation est respectée, même lorsque l'on modifie les conditions de fonctionnement de l'injecteur de manière sensible. D'autre part, le jet résultant de l'éclatement des jets produits par un groupe d'orifices, présente une conformation globalement constante au cours d'une injection ou lorsque la pression d'alimentation de la chambre d'injection varie.Thanks to this arrangement, it is found that the simultaneity of all the fuel jets produced by all the orifices of the spray head is respected, even when the operating conditions of the injector are substantially modified. On the other hand, the jet resulting from the bursting of the jets produced by a group of orifices has a generally constant conformation during an injection or when the supply pressure of the injection chamber varies.

Ce résultat s'expliquerait par le fait que les débouchés internes de tous les orifices de l'injecteur réalisé selon l'invention sont situés au niveau d'une même position longitudinale de la chambre d'injection, position longitudinale pour laquelle la pression de carburant doit être sensiblement identique sur toute la périphérie de la chambre d'injection. En effet, étant donné les pressions de carburant de plus en plus importantes, les ouvertures et fermetures de la chambre d'injection rapprochées et les diamètres de plus en plus réduits des orifices, il se produit dans la chambre d'injection et les orifices des phénomènes fluidiques qui perturbent la formation des jets de carburant, comme par exemple des turbulences, des pertes de charge le long de l'axe central de cette chambre, et l'apparition d'ondes de pression qui peuvent se réfléchir contre les parois de la chambre et se superposer, voire créer localement des phénomènes de cavitation, qui par obstruction partielle peuvent changer fondamentalement l'alimentation des orifices.This result can be explained by the fact that the internal outlets of all the orifices of the injector produced according to the invention are located at the same longitudinal position of the injection chamber, longitudinal position for which the fuel pressure must be substantially identical over the entire periphery of the injection chamber. Indeed, given the fuel pressures increasingly important, the openings and closures of the injection chamber closer and the diameters more and more reduced openings, it occurs in the injection chamber and orifices fluidic phenomena that disrupt the formation of fuel jets, such as turbulence, pressure losses along the central axis of this chamber, and the appearance of pressure waves that can be reflected against the walls of the chamber and superimposed or even locally create cavitation phenomena, which by partial obstruction can fundamentally change the supply of orifices.

Par ailleurs, on notera que cette disposition des orifices dans la tête d'injection présente des avantages pour la fabrication de l'injecteur. En effet, pour réaliser un injecteur tel que celui décrit dans le document US-A-20020000483, il est nécessaire pour réaliser les différents orifices d'un groupe d'orifices d'injection, soit de modifier l'inclinaison de l'outil par rapport à l'axe central, soit d'utiliser deux outils distincts pour réaliser respectivement les premiers et les deuxièmes orifices. Tandis que pour l'injecteur réalisé selon l'invention, dans lequel l'ensemble des orifices présente une même inclinaison par rapport à l'axe central, il est seulement nécessaire d'effectuer un pivotement de l'outil autour d'un axe parallèle à l'axe central, ce qui permet une plus grande précision et une plus grande rapidité de réalisation.Moreover, it will be noted that this arrangement of the orifices in the injection head has advantages for the manufacture of the injector. Indeed, to produce an injector such as that described in the document US-A-20020000483, it is necessary to achieve the different orifices of a group of injection orifices, or to modify the inclination of the tool by relative to the central axis, or to use two separate tools to achieve respectively the first and second orifices. While for the injector made according to the invention, in which the set of orifices has the same inclination with respect to the central axis, it is only necessary to pivot the tool around a parallel axis. to the central axis, which allows greater accuracy and speed of realization.

Dans des formes de réalisation préférées de l'invention, on a recours, en outre, à l'une et/ou à l'autre des dispositions suivantes :

  • les directions de pulvérisation de l'ensemble des orifices sont comprises dans le même plan transversal à l'axe central ;
  • les premier et deuxième orifices d'un groupe forment entre eux un angle α compris entre 15° et 50°, qui présente une bissectrice orientée radialement par rapport à l'axe central ;
  • les groupes d'orifices d'injection sont répartis angulairement sur la périphérie de la face extérieure de manière régulière ;
  • le profil, par exemple cylindrique ou conique, des premiers orifices est identique au profil des deuxièmes orifices ;
  • la face extérieure présente une portion cylindrique et coaxiale à l'axe central, dans laquelle sont situés des débouchés externes des orifices d'injection ;
  • la chambre d'injection présente une portion de paroi cylindrique et coaxiale à l'axe central, dans laquelle sont situés des débouchés internes des orifices d'injection ;
  • les longueurs de l'ensemble des orifices d'injection sont sensiblement identiques, de sorte que les pertes de charge à travers ceux-ci sont approximativement égales entre elles quelle que soit la pression du carburant ;
  • trois groupes d'orifices d'injection sont prévus, chacun des trois groupes comprenant deux orifices.
In preferred embodiments of the invention, one or more of the following provisions are also employed:
  • the spray directions of all the orifices are in the same plane transverse to the central axis;
  • the first and second orifices of a group form between them an angle α of between 15 ° and 50 °, which has a bisector oriented radially relative to the central axis;
  • the groups of injection orifices are distributed angularly on the periphery of the outer face in a regular manner;
  • the profile, for example cylindrical or conical, of the first orifices is identical to the profile of the second orifices;
  • the outer face has a cylindrical portion and coaxial with the central axis, in which are located external outlets of the injection orifices;
  • the injection chamber has a cylindrical wall portion and coaxial with the central axis, in which there are internal outlets of the injection orifices;
  • the lengths of the set of injection orifices are substantially identical, so that the pressure drops therethrough are approximately equal regardless of the fuel pressure;
  • three groups of injection ports are provided, each of the three groups comprising two orifices.

L'injecteur de carburant défini ci-dessus est particulièrement adapté pour réaliser une injection directe dans un moteur diesel en fixant le corps de l'injecteur à la culasse du moteur et en agençant la tête de l'injecteur dans la chambre de combustion.The fuel injector defined above is particularly suitable for direct injection into a diesel engine by attaching the injector body to the engine cylinder head and arranging the injector head into the combustion chamber.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront au cours de la description qui va suivre, donnée à titre d'exemple non limitatif, en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue schématique en coupe d'une chambre de combustion à injection directe comprenant un injecteur selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue en coupe longitudinale agrandie de la tête pulvérisatrice de l'injecteur représenté à la figure 1, selon la ligne II-II de la figure 3 ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue schématique en coupe transversale selon la ligne III-III de la figure 2.
Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description, given by way of non-limiting example, with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a direct injection combustion chamber comprising a injector according to the invention;
  • Figure 2 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of the spray head of the injector shown in Figure 1, along the line II-II of Figure 3;
  • FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic cross-sectional view along the line III-III of FIG.

Sur les différentes figures, on a conservé les mêmes références pour désigner les éléments identiques ou similaires.In the various figures, the same references have been retained to designate identical or similar elements.

A la figure 1, est partiellement représentée de manière schématique une chambre de combustion d'un moteur diesel en coupe transversale. La chambre comprend une culasse 1 et un piston mobile 2 qui présente un évidement central de manière bien connue pour les moteurs diesel à injection directe.In Figure 1 is partially shown schematically a combustion chamber of a diesel engine in cross section. The chamber comprises a cylinder head 1 and a movable piston 2 which has a central recess in a manner well known for direct injection diesel engines.

La culasse 1 est munie d'un injecteur globalement désigné par la référence 4, qui comprend un corps 5 fixé à la culasse et une tête pulvérisatrice 6 s'étendant selon un axe central X depuis une base 6a solidaire du corps 5 jusqu'à une extrémité libre 6b agencée dans -la-- chambre de combustion. Dans le mode de réalisation représenté, l'axe central X de l'injecteur 4 coïncide avec l'axe du cylindre, mais il est parfaitement possible que l'axe central de l'injecteur soit décalé et/ou incliné par rapport à l'axe du cylindre.The cylinder head 1 is provided with an injector generally designated by the reference 4, which comprises a body 5 fixed to the cylinder head and a spray head 6 extending along a central axis X from a base 6a integral with the body 5 to a free end 6b arranged in the-combustion chamber. In the embodiment shown, the central axis X of the injector 4 coincides with the axis of the cylinder, but it is perfectly possible that the central axis of the injector is offset and / or inclined relative to the cylinder axis.

La tête pulvérisatrice 6 de l'injecteur présente une surface extérieure qui, dans le mode de réalisation représenté, comprend depuis la base 6a de la tête, une portion tronconique 6c, suivie d'une portion cylindrique 6d coaxiale à l'axe central X, et terminée par l'extrémité libre 6b. La tête pulvérisatrice comporte une chambre interne 7, dite chambre d'injection.The spray head 6 of the injector has an outer surface which, in the embodiment shown, comprises from the base 6a of the head, a frustoconical portion 6c, followed by a cylindrical portion 6d coaxial with the central axis X, and terminated by the free end 6b. The spray head has an internal chamber 7, called injection chamber.

Comme cela est mieux visible à la figure 3, la tête de l'injecteur comprend trois groupes (10,20,30) d'orifices d'injection. Chaque groupe d'orifices d'injection comprend un premier orifice (11;21;31) associé à un deuxième orifice (12;22;32).As best seen in Figure 3, the head of the injector comprises three groups (10, 20, 30) of injection orifices. Each group of injection ports comprises a first port (11; 21; 31) associated with a second port (12; 22; 32).

Chacun de ces orifices (11,12,21,22,31,32) s'étend depuis un débouché interne situé dans la chambre d'injection 7 jusqu'à un débouché externe situé dans la portion cylindrique 6d de la face extérieure.Each of these orifices (11,12,21,22,31,32) extends from an internal outlet located in the injection chamber 7 to an external outlet located in the cylindrical portion 6d of the outer face.

La chambre d'injection 7 est sélectivement mise en communication avec une chambre d'alimentation 8 qui contient du carburant sous haute pression, et de préférence sous une pression supérieure à mille bars. Ce carburant peut être fourni à la chambre d'alimentation 8 par tout dispositif connu et notamment par une rampe d'injection commune.The injection chamber 7 is selectively brought into communication with a feed chamber 8 which contains fuel under high pressure, and preferably under a pressure greater than 1000 bar. This fuel can be supplied to the feed chamber 8 by any known device and in particular by a common injection rail.

La chambre d'injection 7 est mise en communication avec la chambre d'alimentation 8 en déplaçant une aiguille 9 selon l'axe central X entre une position fermée, représentée à la figure 2, dans laquelle une portion conique 9a de l'aiguille est en appui contre un siège complémentaire séparant les chambres d'injection et d'alimentation (7,8). Les déplacements de l'aiguille 9 sont commandés par tout dispositif connu, et notamment par un dispositif électromagnétique ou piézoélectrique, commandé de préférence par un module de gestion électronique du moteur en fonction des paramètres de fonctionnement de ce dernier, qui agit soit directement sur l'aiguille 9, soit par l'intermédiaire d'un système hydraulique d'amplification.The injection chamber 7 is placed in communication with the feed chamber 8 by moving a needle 9 along the central axis X between a closed position, represented in FIG. 2, in which a conical portion 9a of the needle is in abutment against an additional seat separating the injection and feeding chambers (7,8). The movements of the needle 9 are controlled by any known device, and in particular by an electromagnetic or piezoelectric device, preferably controlled by an electronic engine management module according to the operating parameters of the latter, which acts either directly on the 9, or by means of a hydraulic amplification system.

En position ouverte, l'aiguille 9 est écartée du siège pour assurer une communication directe entre la chambre d'alimentation 8 et la chambre d'injection 7, de manière à minimiser les pertes de charge entre ces chambres. La levée de l'aiguille 9 entre la position fermée et la position ouverte, est aussi courte que possible afin de réduire le temps de vol et le temps balistique de l'aiguille.In the open position, the needle 9 is spaced from the seat to ensure direct communication between the supply chamber 8 and the injection chamber 7, so as to minimize the pressure losses between these chambers. The lifting of the needle 9 between the closed position and the open position is as short as possible in order to reduce the flight time and ballistic time of the needle.

En référence au premier groupe 10 d'orifices, le premier orifice 11 est un trou cylindrique s'étendant selon une première direction D11, qui est adapté pour pulvériser un jet de carburant selon cette direction D11. De même, le deuxième orifice 12 est adapté pour pulvériser un jet de carburant selon une deuxième direction D12. Toutefois, les orifices pourraient présenter un profil conique, par exemple évasé vers le débouché externe.Referring to the first group of orifices, the first orifice 11 is a cylindrical hole extending in a first direction D11, which is adapted to spray a jet of fuel in this direction D11. Similarly, the second port 12 is adapted to spray a fuel jet in a second direction D12. However, the orifices may have a conical profile, for example flared towards the external outlet.

Les premier et deuxième orifices 11, 12 sont agencés l'un par rapport à l'autre de manière à ce que les première et deuxième directions (D11,D12) forment un angle aigu α entre elles et s'interceptent en un point I situé à distance de la portion cylindrique 6d de la face extérieure de la tête de pulvérisation 6. Ainsi, les jets de carburant sortant par les premier et deuxième orifices (11,12) entrent en collision en créant une perte importante d'énergie cinétique du carburant liquide, et une composante de vitesse radiale par rapport à leur direction respective (D11, D12) . Ceci augmente l'atomisation du carburant en fines gouttelettes et limite la profondeur de pénétration des jets de carburant dans la chambre de combustion. On obtient ainsi une atomisation accrue favorisant un mélange plus homogénéisé, ce qui favorise une oxydation mieux contrôlée du carburant. Ceci a pour conséquence de limiter les émissions de polluants et notamment la quantité de particules.The first and second orifices 11, 12 are arranged relative to each other so that the first and second directions (D11, D12) form an acute angle α between them and are intercepted at a point I located away from the cylindrical portion 6d of the outer face of the spray head 6. Thus, the fuel jets exiting through the first and second ports (11,12) collide creating a significant loss of kinetic energy of the fuel liquid, and a radial velocity component with respect to their respective direction (D11, D12). This increases the atomization of the fuel into fine droplets and limits the depth of penetration of the fuel jets into the combustion chamber. This results in an increased atomization favoring a more homogenized mixture, which promotes a more controlled oxidation of the fuel. This has the effect of limiting the emissions of pollutants and in particular the amount of particles.

Les deuxième et troisième groupes (20,30) d'orifices comprennent chacun un premier (21;31) et un deuxième (22;32) orifices agencés l'un par rapport à l'autre de manière analogue à ceux du premier groupe 10 d'orifices.The second and third groups (20,30) of orifices each comprise a first (21; 31) and a second (22; 32) orifices arranged with respect to one another in a manner analogous to that of the first group 10 orifices.

Comme on le voit mieux à la figure 2, l'ensemble des orifices (11,12,21,22,31,32) de chacun des groupes d'orifices (10,20,30) est situé dans un même plan, de trace P, qui est perpendiculaire à l'axe central X, les directions de pulvérisation (D11,D12,D21,D22,D31,D32) étant exactement comprises dans ce plan. Grâce à cette disposition, l'usinage des orifices peut être effectué avec des outils effectuant uniquement un mouvement de translation dans le plan P, par exemple un outil mobile selon la direction D11 et l'autre mobile selon la direction D22 de manière à réaliser simultanément les orifices 11 et 22, les autres orifices étant réalisés après une rotation de la tête 6 de l'injecteur autour de l'axe central X. Les orifices peuvent également être réalisés à l'aide d'un seul outil monté sur un support qui autorise un pivotement dans le plan P autour du point de rotation I.As can be seen best in Figure 2, all of the orifices (11, 12, 21, 22, 31, 32) of each of the groups of orifices (10, 20, 30) is located in the same plane, of trace P, which is perpendicular to the central axis X, the spray directions (D11, D12, D21, D22, D31, D32) being exactly included in this plane. With this arrangement, the machining of the orifices can be performed with tools carrying only a translational movement in the plane P, for example a tool movable in the direction D11 and the other mobile in the direction D22 so as to realize simultaneously the orifices 11 and 22, the other orifices being made after a rotation of the head 6 of the injector about the central axis X. The orifices can also be made using a single tool mounted on a support which allows pivoting in the plane P around the point of rotation I.

Par ailleurs, on notera que cette disposition des orifices (11,12,21,22,31,32) fait que leur débouché interne dans la chambre d'injection 7 est situé au niveau d'une même position longitudinale de cette chambre, et que par conséquent l'ensemble des orifices est--alimenté sous une même pression de carburant. Ainsi, les jets produits par les premiers et deuxièmes orifices sont parfaitement simultanés et créés par une même pression de carburant. L'éclatement des jets de chacun des groupes d'orifices est donc assuré pendant toute la durée d'une injection, contrairement à certains injecteurs de l'art antérieur dans lesquels les débouchés des orifices dans la chambre d'injection sont situés à des positions longitudinales différentes, positions où la pression de carburant peut être momentanément sensiblement différente du fait de pertes de charge, de turbulences ou d'ondes de pression produites par la levée de l'aiguille. L'interception des jets provoque par ailleurs une atomisation du carburant même si la pression du carburant dans la chambre d'injection 7 n'a pas atteint la pression de fonctionnement nominale, ce qui est particulièrement avantageux pour des injections de très courte durée.Moreover, it will be noted that this arrangement of the orifices (11, 12, 21, 22, 31, 32) causes their internal outlet into the injection chamber 7 to be located at the same longitudinal position of this chamber, and that consequently all the orifices is - fed under the same fuel pressure. Thus, the jets produced by the first and second orifices are perfectly simultaneous and created by the same fuel pressure. The bursting of the jets of each of the groups of orifices is thus ensured throughout the duration of an injection, unlike some injectors of the prior art in which the outlets of the orifices in the injection chamber are located at different positions. different longitudinal positions, positions where the fuel pressure can be momentarily significantly different due to pressure drops, turbulence or pressure waves produced by the lifting of the needle. Interception of the jets also causes atomization of the fuel even if the pressure of the fuel in the injection chamber 7 has not reached the nominal operating pressure, which is particularly advantageous for injections of very short duration.

On notera également que le fait que les orifices débouchent dans la chambre d'injection 7 sensiblement à la même position longitudinale, permet de réduire la hauteur selon l'axe central X de cette chambre, et par conséquent de diminuer son volume et ainsi diminuer les pertes de carburant par les orifices entre deux injections.It will also be noted that the fact that the orifices open into the injection chamber 7 substantially at the same longitudinal position makes it possible to reduce the height along the central axis X of this chamber, and consequently to reduce its volume and thus reduce the fuel losses through the orifices between two injections.

Ces avantages liés à une disposition coplanaire des orifices font que l'injecteur réalisé selon l'invention est particulièrement adapté pour réaliser des injections de très courte durée et sous très haute pression. Cette structure de la tête de pulvérisation est parfaitement adaptée pour être associée à des actionneurs d'injecteur capables de réaliser une série de plusieurs injections (par exemple 5 ou 7) au cours d'un cycle, groupées en pré-injections, injection principale et post-injections.These advantages related to a coplanar arrangement of the orifices mean that the injector made according to the invention is particularly suitable for making injections of very short duration and under very high pressure. This structure of the spray head is perfectly adapted to be associated with injector actuators capable of producing a series of several injections (for example 5 or 7) during a cycle, grouped into pre-injections, main injection and post-injections.

Bien que dans le mode de réalisation préféré les directions d'injection (D11, D12, D21, D22, D31, D32) soient comprises dans le même plan P perpendiculaire à l'axe central, il est possible de prévoir que les directions s'écartent du plan P, par exemple de quelques degrés, de sorte que les débouchés externes des orifices soient en dehors de ce plan, mais à condition que les débouchés internes restent dans le même plan perpendiculaire P pour conserver les principaux avantages de la présente invention.Although in the preferred embodiment the injection directions (D11, D12, D21, D22, D31, D32) are included in the same plane P perpendicular to the central axis, it is possible to predict that the directions S ' deviate from the plane P, for example by a few degrees, so that the external outlets of the orifices are outside this plane, but provided that the internal outlets remain in the same perpendicular plane P to retain the main advantages of the present invention.

L'angle α formé entre le premier orifice 11 et le deuxième orifice 12 du premier groupe 10 est de préférence compris entre 15 et 50 degrés de manière à obtenir un angle de collision suffisamment important, sans toutefois augmenter de manière trop importante l'écart entre les débouchés intérieurs d'un groupe d'orifices. Bien entendu, cette plage de valeur pour l'angle α n'est pas limitative, l'angle α pouvant augmenter lorsque le diamètre de la portion cylindrique 6d de la tête augmente. Mais lorsque le diamètre de la tête pulvérisatrice augmente, il est également possible d'augmenter le nombre de groupes d'orifices, par exemple pour obtenir quatre groupes de deux orifices avec un angle α compris dans la plage indiquée.The angle α formed between the first orifice 11 and the second orifice 12 of the first group 10 is preferably between 15 and 50 degrees so as to obtain a sufficiently large collision angle, without however excessively increasing the difference between the internal outlets of a group of orifices. Of course, this range of value for the angle α is not limiting, the angle α may increase when the diameter of the cylindrical portion 6d of the head increases. But when the diameter of the spray head increases, it is also possible to increase the number of groups of orifices, for example to obtain four groups of two orifices with an angle α within the range indicated.

Les premier et deuxième orifices (11,12) sont agencés entre eux et par rapport à l'axe central X de manière à ce que la bissectrice B de l'angle α formé entre eux, soit orientée radialement par rapport à l'axe central X. Ainsi, l'angle du débouché des premier et deuxième orifices (11,12) à la surface extérieure 6d de la tête 6 de l'injecteur est symétrique. D'autre part, pour une paroi d'épaisseur constante de la tête pulvérisatrice 6, la longueur des premier et deuxième orifices est identique ce qui permet d'obtenir une même perte de charge à travers ces orifices.The first and second orifices (11, 12) are arranged between each other and with respect to the central axis X so that the bisector B of the angle α formed between them is oriented radially with respect to the central axis X. Thus, the angle of the outlet of the first and second orifices (11,12) to the outer surface 6d of the head 6 of the injector is symmetrical. On the other hand, for a wall of constant thickness of the spray head 6, the length of the first and second orifices is identical, which makes it possible to obtain the same pressure drop through these orifices.

Les premier et deuxième orifices (11,12) sont constitués par des trous de même profil, cylindrique ou conique, ce qui limite les risques de dispersion des caractéristiques des jets selon les conditions de fonctionnement ou au cours de la pulvérisation. Par exemple, dans le mode de réalisation représenté, tous les orifices sont des trous cylindriques de même diamètre. Mais, bien entendu, la présente invention n'exclut pas des groupes d'orifices d'injection de diamètre nettement différent.The first and second orifices (11, 12) are constituted by holes of the same profile, cylindrical or conical, which limits the risks of dispersion of the characteristics of the jets according to the operating conditions or during the spraying. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, all orifices are cylindrical holes of the same diameter. But, of course, the present invention does not exclude groups of injection ports of significantly different diameter.

Dans le mode de réalisation représenté, la tête de l'injecteur comprend trois groupes d'orifices (10,20,30) comprenant chacun deux orifices (11,12;21,22;31,32), ce qui permet d'obtenir un mélange suffisamment homogène dans la chambre de combustion tout en minimisant le nombre d'orifices à usiner. Toutefois, il est possible de multiplier le nombre de groupes d'orifices, mais de préférence en répartissant ceux-ci de manière régulière à la périphérie de la tête de l'injecteur.In the embodiment shown, the head of the injector comprises three groups of orifices (10, 20, 30) each comprising two orifices (11, 12, 21, 22, 31, 32), which makes it possible to obtain a sufficiently homogeneous mixture in the combustion chamber while minimizing the number of orifices to be machined. However, it is possible to multiply the number of groups of orifices, but preferably by distributing them evenly to the periphery of the injector head.

Par ailleurs, il est possible de prévoir plus de deux orifices pour chaque groupe d'orifices, par exemple un orifice principal, s'étendant par exemple selon une direction radiale par rapport à l'axe central X, encadré par deux orifices secondaires, éventuellement de diamètre inférieur, et orientés de manière à ce que les jets de carburant sortant par ces orifices secondaires interceptent le jet formé par l'orifice principal.Moreover, it is possible to provide more than two orifices for each group of orifices, for example a main orifice, extending for example in a radial direction with respect to the central axis X, flanked by two secondary orifices, possibly of smaller diameter, and oriented so that the fuel jets exiting through these secondary ports intercept the jet formed by the main orifice.

Dans le mode de réalisation représenté, la portion 6d de la face extérieure dans laquelle débouchent les orifices, et la face intérieure 7a de la chambre d'injection 7, sont toutes deux cylindriques et coaxiales à l'axe central X. Ainsi, lors de la fabrication de l'injecteur, il n'est pas nécessaire de repérer une position angulaire particulière par rapport à l'injecteur pour percer les orifices, seule la position angulaire par-rapport au premier orifice percé doit être respectée pour le percement des autres orifices. Ceci permet également d'obtenir une paroi d'épaisseur constante et de forme adaptée à résister aux hautes pressions. Mais, bien entendu, la tête de l'injecteur pourrait présenter une section transversale globalement triangulaire, carrée ou hexagonale en fonction du nombre de groupes d'orifices, sans sortir du cadre de la présente invention. De même, la forme extérieure de la tête de pulvérisation pourrait être différente, par exemple elle pourrait être globalement cylindrique ou conique.In the embodiment shown, the portion 6d of the outer face in which the openings open, and the inner face 7a of the injection chamber 7, are both cylindrical and coaxial with the central axis X. Thus, when the manufacture of the injector, it is not necessary to identify a particular angular position relative to the injector for drilling the orifices, only the angular position relative to the first pierced orifice must be respected for the drilling of the other orifices . This also makes it possible to obtain a wall of constant thickness and of shape adapted to withstand high pressures. But, of course, the head of the injector could have a generally triangular cross-section, square or hexagonal depending on the number of groups of orifices, without departing from the scope of the present invention. Similarly, the outer shape of the spray head could be different, for example it could be generally cylindrical or conical.

Claims (10)

Injecteur de carburant pour pulvériser du carburant dans une chambre de combustion d'un moteur à combustion interne, comprenant un corps (5) destiné à être fixé au moteur et une tête pulvérisatrice (6) s'étendant selon un axe central (X) depuis une base (6a) reliée au corps jusqu'à une extrémité libre (6b), ladite tête pulvérisatrice (6) comprenant une chambre interne d'injection (7), une face extérieure libre (6c,6d) s'étendant entre la base et l'extrémité libre, et incluant une pluralité d'orifices d'injection constituée par au moins deux groupes (10,20,30) d'orifices d'injection s'étendant depuis un débouché interne situé dans la chambre d'injection (7) jusqu'à un débouché externe situé sur la face extérieure (6d), chacun desdits groupes (10;20;30) d'orifices d'injection comportant un premier orifice (11;21;31) et au moins un deuxième orifice (12;22;32) adapté pour pulvériser chacun un jet de carburant selon une première (D11;D21;D31) et une deuxième (D12;D22;D32) direction respectivement, lesdites première et deuxième directions formant entre elles un angle aigu (α), de manière à ce que les jets d'un groupe d'orifices s'interceptent dans une zone dite d'éclatement située à distance de la face extérieure, caractérisé en ce que l'ensemble des débouchés internes de ladite pluralité d'orifices, est situé dans un même plan (P) sensiblement transversal à l'axe central (X) de la tête (6) de l'injecteur.A fuel injector for spraying fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, comprising a body (5) for attachment to the engine and a spray head (6) extending along a central axis (X) from a base (6a) connected to the body to a free end (6b), said spraying head (6) comprising an internal injection chamber (7), a free outer face (6c, 6d) extending between the base and the free end, and including a plurality of injection orifices constituted by at least two groups (10, 20, 30) of injection orifices extending from an internal outlet located in the injection chamber ( 7) to an external outlet located on the outer face (6d), each of said groups (10; 20; 30) of injection ports having a first port (11; 21; 31) and at least one second port (12; 22; 32) adapted to each spray a fuel jet according to a first (D11; D21; D31) and a second me (D12; D22; D32) direction respectively, said first and second directions forming between them an acute angle ( α ), so that the jets of a group of orifices are intercepted in a so-called burst area located at a distance from the outer face, characterized in that the set of internal outlets of said plurality of orifices is located in the same plane (P) substantially transverse to the central axis (X) of the head (6) of the injector. Injecteur selon la revendication 1, dans lequel les directions de pulvérisation (D11, D12, D21, D22, D31, D32) de l'ensemble des orifices (11,12,21,22,31,32) sont comprises dans le même plan (P) transversal à l'axe central (X).Injector according to claim 1, wherein the directions of spray (D11, D12, D21, D22, D31, D32) of all the orifices (11,12,21,22,31,32) are included in the same plane (P) transverse to the central axis (X). Injecteur selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel les premier (11;21;32) et deuxième (12;22;32) orifices d'un groupe (10;20;30) forment entre eux un angle (α) compris entre 15° et 50°, qui présente une bissectrice (B) orientée radialement par rapport à l'axe central (X).Injector according to claim 1 or 2, in wherein the first (11; 21; 32) and second (12; 22; 32) orifices of a group (10; 20; 30) form between them an angle ( α ) of between 15 ° and 50 °, which has a bisector (B) oriented radially relative to the central axis (X). Injecteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les groupes d'orifices d'injection (10,20,30) sont répartis angulairement sur la périphérie de la face extérieure (6c,6d) de manière régulière.Injector according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the groups of injection ports (10, 20, 30) are angularly distributed on the periphery of the outer face (6c, 6d) in a regular manner. Injecteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel le profil des premiers orifices (11,21,31) est identique au profil des deuxièmes orifices (12,22,32).Injector according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the profile of the first orifices (11,21,31) is identical to the profile of the second orifices (12,22,32). Injecteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la face extérieure présente une portion cylindrique (6d) et coaxiale à l'axe central (X), dans laquelle sont situés les débouchés externes des orifices d'injection (11,12,21,22,31,32).Injector according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the outer face has a cylindrical portion (6d) and coaxial with the central axis (X), in which are located the external outlets of the injection ports (11, 12, 21,22,31,32). Injecteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la chambre d'injection (7) présente une portion de paroi (7a) cylindrique et coaxiale à l'axe central (X), dans laquelle sont situés les débouchés externes des orifices d'injection (11, 12, 21, 22, 31, 32).Injector according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the injection chamber (7) has a wall portion (7a) cylindrical and coaxial with the central axis (X), in which are located the external outlets of the orifices. injection (11, 12, 21, 22, 31, 32). Injecteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les longueurs de l'ensemble des orifices d'injection (11,12,21,22,31,32) sont sensiblement identiques.Injector according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the lengths of the set of injection ports (11,12,21,22,31,32) are substantially identical. Injecteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel trois groupes d'orifices d'injection (10,20,30) sont prévus, chacun des trois groupes comprenant deux orifices (11,12;21,22;31,32).Injector according to any one of the preceding claims, in which three groups of injection ports (10, 20, 30) are provided, each of the three groups comprising two orifices (11, 12, 21, 22, 31, 32). . Moteur diesel comprenant un injecteur (4) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le corps (5) de l'injecteur est fixé à la culasse (1) du moteur et la tête (6) de l'injecteur est agencée dans la chambre de combustion.Diesel engine comprising an injector (4) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the body (5) of the injector is attached to the cylinder head (1) of the engine and the head (6) of the injector is arranged in the combustion chamber.
EP06290133A 2005-01-26 2006-01-19 Fuel injector and engine including such an injector Withdrawn EP1686260A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0500820A FR2881185A1 (en) 2005-01-26 2005-01-26 Fuel injector for direct injection diesel engine, has head with orifices spraying jets along respective directions forming acute angle to intercept jets into point, and having internal outlets placed in same plane transversal to head`s axis

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1686260A1 true EP1686260A1 (en) 2006-08-02

Family

ID=34981660

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06290133A Withdrawn EP1686260A1 (en) 2005-01-26 2006-01-19 Fuel injector and engine including such an injector

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US7121480B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1686260A1 (en)
CN (1) CN100494668C (en)
BR (1) BRPI0600177A (en)
FR (1) FR2881185A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4090972B2 (en) * 2003-09-19 2008-05-28 日産ディーゼル工業株式会社 Engine exhaust purification system
DE102011118299A1 (en) 2011-11-10 2013-05-16 Daimler Ag injection
CN104937258B (en) 2012-11-20 2018-06-26 秘方能源私人有限公司 Liquid ejector atomizer with collision injection
KR102267574B1 (en) * 2013-10-15 2021-06-21 노스트럼 에너지 피티이. 리미티드 Gas-assisted fluid atomizing injector
US9850870B2 (en) * 2013-10-15 2017-12-26 Nostrum Energy Pte. Ltd. Gas-assisted fluid atomizing injector
CN107559118B (en) * 2017-08-09 2020-02-14 浙江吉利新能源商用车有限公司 Fuel injector mounting seat of vehicle
US10544721B2 (en) * 2017-12-11 2020-01-28 Cummins Emission Solutions Inc. Reductant delivery systems and methods
JP2021095843A (en) * 2019-12-13 2021-06-24 株式会社Ｓｏｋｅｎ Injection valve
WO2022094444A1 (en) * 2020-11-02 2022-05-05 Cummins Inc. Nozzle spray pattern for a fuel injector

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1214242A (en) * 1968-04-11 1970-12-02 Sulzer Ag Improvements in or relating to internal combustion engines
DE19642513A1 (en) * 1996-10-15 1998-04-16 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines
US20020000483A1 (en) * 1998-01-06 2002-01-03 Takeshi Shoji Fuel injector nozzle
DE10210976A1 (en) * 2002-03-13 2003-09-25 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engine has injection jets converging from at least one outer and one inner injection channel
US20040074472A1 (en) * 2002-10-22 2004-04-22 Martin Wirth Spray collision nozzle for direct injection engines
FR2851792A1 (en) * 2003-02-28 2004-09-03 Magneti Marelli Motopropulsion FUEL INJECTOR FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9905231D0 (en) * 1999-03-09 1999-04-28 Lucas Ind Plc Fuel injector
DE19922964C2 (en) * 1999-05-19 2003-03-27 Daimler Chrysler Ag Method of injecting diesel fuel
DE60038479T2 (en) * 1999-10-06 2009-04-09 Delphi Technologies, Inc., Troy Fuel injection valve

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1214242A (en) * 1968-04-11 1970-12-02 Sulzer Ag Improvements in or relating to internal combustion engines
DE19642513A1 (en) * 1996-10-15 1998-04-16 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines
US20020000483A1 (en) * 1998-01-06 2002-01-03 Takeshi Shoji Fuel injector nozzle
DE10210976A1 (en) * 2002-03-13 2003-09-25 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engine has injection jets converging from at least one outer and one inner injection channel
US20040074472A1 (en) * 2002-10-22 2004-04-22 Martin Wirth Spray collision nozzle for direct injection engines
FR2851792A1 (en) * 2003-02-28 2004-09-03 Magneti Marelli Motopropulsion FUEL INJECTOR FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2881185A1 (en) 2006-07-28
US20060169804A1 (en) 2006-08-03
CN1811160A (en) 2006-08-02
US7121480B2 (en) 2006-10-17
CN100494668C (en) 2009-06-03
BRPI0600177A (en) 2007-07-17

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP1686260A1 (en) Fuel injector and engine including such an injector
CA2593186C (en) Device for the injection of an air-fuel mixture, combustion chamber and turbine engine equipped with such a device
EP1806535B1 (en) Multimode injection system for a combustion chamber, particularly of a gas turbine
EP1840467B1 (en) Device for injecting a mix of air and fuel, combustion chamber and turbomachine equipped with such a device
EP1793168B1 (en) Device for the injection of mixture of fuel and air, turbomachine and combustor with such a device
EP1923636B1 (en) Device for injecting a mix of air and fuel, combustion chamber and turbomachine equipped with such a device
EP1599671B1 (en) Fuel injector for an internal combustion engine
CA2862410C (en) Air and fuel injection device for a turbomachine combustion chamber
EP3105452B1 (en) Internal combustion engine with injection of two fuel jets at different flow rates, and fuel-injection method for such an engine
FR2796103A1 (en) FUEL INJECTOR FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
WO2017072451A1 (en) Aerodynamic injection system for aircraft turbine engine, having improved air/fuel mixing
EP0460572B1 (en) Injection device for an internal combustion engine
FR2727721A1 (en) FUEL DISPERSION SKIRT INJECTOR
FR2844832A1 (en) Fuel injector for automotive fuel system, has metering orifice located on quadrant defined by first and second planes parallel to and intersecting longitudinal axis such that coil energizes closure member to actuated position
JP4529992B2 (en) Injection hole plate and fuel injection valve having the same
FR2968720A1 (en) Injector for multipoint injection of fuel in cylinder head of internal combustion engine, has cylindrical shouldered orifices opened in offset manner with respect to longitudinal axis in cylindrical injection cavity to cause turbulent flow
EP2771619B1 (en) Annular combustion chamber in a turbomachine
FR2903458A1 (en) Fuel injector for internal combustion engine, has injection orifice, where inner wall of orifice includes large number of bowl-shaped cavities for creating turbulent boundary layer, where depth of cavities is less than fifty micrometer
FR2716495A1 (en) Direct fuel injection for diesel engine
FR3042545B1 (en) FUEL INJECTION NOZZLE
FR2879676A1 (en) Four stroke direct injection diesel engine for motor vehicle industry, has injector delivering fuel spray along narrow slick with angle and along wide slick having angle so that fuel impact point at wide slick is placed on side wall of bowl
FR2943733A3 (en) Fuel injector for internal combustion engine i.e. direct-injection, four-stroke diesel engine, has internal shuttering needle for internally defining fuel arrival conduit in nozzle
WO2018036966A1 (en) Fuel injector nozzle body
FR2925375A1 (en) INJECTOR FOR EJECTING A FLUID IN PARTICULAR IN AN INJECTION FACILITY OR AN EXHAUST GAS SYSTEM AND METHOD OF MAKING SUCH AN INJECTOR
FR2877699A1 (en) FUEL INJECTOR AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: AL BA HR MK YU

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: MAGNETI MARELLI MOTOPROPULSION FRANCE SAS

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20061123

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20070103

AKX Designation fees paid

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 20090509