EP1666208A1 - Tool for the extraction of a tubular element, retained by a deformable peripheral ring in a complementary housing, and utilisation of such a tool - Google Patents

Tool for the extraction of a tubular element, retained by a deformable peripheral ring in a complementary housing, and utilisation of such a tool Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1666208A1
EP1666208A1 EP05356212A EP05356212A EP1666208A1 EP 1666208 A1 EP1666208 A1 EP 1666208A1 EP 05356212 A EP05356212 A EP 05356212A EP 05356212 A EP05356212 A EP 05356212A EP 1666208 A1 EP1666208 A1 EP 1666208A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tool
branches
tubular member
housing
rod
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05356212A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Félilx Garcia
Henrique Costa
Claude Degrave
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Regie Autonome des Transports Parisiens
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Regie Autonome des Transports Parisiens
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Publication date
Application filed by Regie Autonome des Transports Parisiens filed Critical Regie Autonome des Transports Parisiens
Publication of EP1666208A1 publication Critical patent/EP1666208A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B27/00—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B27/00—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for
    • B25B27/0028—Tools for removing or installing seals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B27/00—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for
    • B25B27/14—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for assembling objects other than by press fit or detaching same
    • B25B27/28—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for assembling objects other than by press fit or detaching same positioning or withdrawing resilient bushings or the like

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a tool for extracting a tubular member retained in a complementary housing by a deformable peripheral ring. It also relates to the use of such a tool.
  • the invention is concerned with a tool intended to be used during maintenance operations for extracting a tubular member, such as a piston head or the like, housed in an outer casing or housing that it it is not possible to disassemble in its part delimiting the receiving housing of this organ.
  • This tool is for example used in the maintenance of a fluid pressure regulating apparatus.
  • US-A-5,685,052 proposes an extraction tool of this type, but in a specialized field, namely that of the extraction of graphitic sealing collars.
  • This tool comprises a tubular main body to be inserted inside one or more graphitic collars to extract, then to deform radially outwards so that the outer face of the body is pressed against the inner wall of the collar or collars.
  • the latter is provided, at its end opposite to that intended to be introduced into the necklace (s), of branches able to be slightly separated from each other by a sliding follower: when this follower is slid between the branches towards the body, the separation of the branches which results tends to increase the radial dimension of the body, the latter thus gripping the graphitic collars better from the inside.
  • an air purifier 1 intended to be integrated in a compressed air circuit, equipping for example a bus or, more generally, a vehicle for transporting people or goods.
  • This purifier aims to filter and regulate the air pressure of the circuit.
  • the purifier 1 is equipped, inter alia, a piston 2 of generally stepped cylindrical shape and central axis A-A.
  • the piston head 2A is provided axially sliding in a complementary housing 3A delimited internally by the housing 3, so that the piston 2 can compress the air circulating in the purifier.
  • the head 2A is held axially by a peripheral ring 4 substantially coaxial with the head 2A.
  • the rod 4 is housed both in an annular groove 2B dug in the cylindrical lateral surface 2C of the piston head and in an annular groove 3B hollowed in the cylindrical wall of the housing 3A, at a flange 5
  • the ring 4 is in the form of a split metal ring, allowing the ring to be elastically deformable in a direction radial to the axis AA and directed towards this axis AA when a constraint peripheral exerted on the ring tends to close its slot.
  • the flange 5 is interrupted, along its periphery, in four zones 5A, 5B, 5C and 5D, two by two diametrically opposite. These interruption zones allow to "pinch” the ring 4, that is to say to apply locally to the ring four forces directed radially towards the axis AA.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a tool for extracting easily and quickly a tubular member, such as the aforementioned piston head 2A, limiting the risk of accidents to the person in charge of the maintenance operation, and than the risk of damage to this organ.
  • the invention relates to a tool for extracting a tubular member, such as a piston head, retained in a complementary housing by a deformable peripheral ring, as defined in claim 1.
  • the tool according to the invention is manipulated so that these branches pinch the rod, it is that is to say, simultaneously constrain radially inwards, so that the tubular member can be extracted from its housing by sliding along the bearing and guiding surfaces carried by the branches of the tool.
  • a single operator is then necessary to perform this operation since for example, with one hand, this single operator pinches the ring by means of the tool according to the invention while, with his other hand, he pulls the piston towards the outside of its housing, for example by levering by means of a screwdriver or the like.
  • the tool according to the invention replaces the four screwdrivers used by the first and second aforementioned operators. Guiding the tubular member out of its housing makes the extraction operation fast and safe, significantly improving the working conditions of the operator and limiting the risk of damaging the extracted organ.
  • the invention also relates to a use of a tool as defined above, according to claim 9.
  • Figures 2 to 4 a tool 10 for facilitating the extraction of the piston 2 of the purifier 1 of Figures 1A and 1B.
  • the tool 10 is described below in connection with the purifier 1, this tool can be used to extract other tubular members that the piston head 2A, retained in a complementary housing by a deformable peripheral ring or the like, such as the ring 4 for the piston head 2A.
  • the tool 10 comprises a hollow metal tubular body 12 of generally cylindrical shape with a circular base and a central axis X-X. At one of its longitudinal ends, this body 12 is provided with four branches 14 regularly distributed along the periphery of the body 12 and which each extend in length in a direction generally parallel to the axis X-X. The branches 14 are thus two to two symmetrical with respect to the axis X-X. These branches are rigidly connected to the body 12, for example being integral with this body.
  • Each branch 14 has, facing its symmetrical branch, an inner surface 16 which extends in the rectilinear extension of the cylindrical inner surface 12A of the tubular body 12.
  • the surfaces 16 of the four branches 14 and belong to the same substantially cylindrical envelope centered on the XX axis.
  • the diameter d 16 of this casing is substantially equal to the outside diameter d 2 of the piston head 2A of the purifier 1.
  • each surface 16 opens onto a chamfered surface 18 provided at the free end of the branch 14.
  • This chamfered surface is flared outwardly away from the axis X-X.
  • the chamfered surfaces 18 of the four branches 14 thus belong to the same substantially frustoconical envelope centered on the X-X axis.
  • the apex angle ⁇ of this envelope is approximately 90 °.
  • the operator seizes, with one hand, the tubular body 12 of the tool 10, aligns the axis XX along the axis AA of the only accessible side of the housing 3A and then positions the branches 14 so that their free end are inserted in the interruption zones 5A, 5B, 5C and 5D of the flange 5 of the housing 3.
  • the free ends of the branches 14 are sized to be received in a substantially complementary manner in these interruption zones, thus indexing angularly the position of the tool 10 relative to the housing 3.
  • the tool 10 is then in its configuration of Figures 5A and 5B.
  • the operator manipulates a screwdriver rod or the like 20 to axially pull the piston head 2A towards the outside of its housing, by levering, by pressing on the housing 3, at the level of the collar projecting 2D accessible between two successive branches 14 along the periphery of the tool, as indicated by the arrow F 3 in Figure 5A.
  • a screwdriver rod or the like 20 to axially pull the piston head 2A towards the outside of its housing, by levering, by pressing on the housing 3, at the level of the collar projecting 2D accessible between two successive branches 14 along the periphery of the tool, as indicated by the arrow F 3 in Figure 5A.
  • This piston head is guided outwardly by bearing along the surfaces 16 of the branches 14, until it occupies the position of FIG. 6 where all of its lateral surface 2C is disposed between the branches 14.
  • the ring 4 By elasticity, the ring 4 tends to axially immobilize the head 2A between the branches, allowing extracting the rest of the piston by manipulating only the tool 10.
  • the piston 2 can be replaced by means of the tool 10, performing the steps opposite to those necessary for its extraction. .
  • the tubular wall of the body 12 is radially perforated so as to define a radial access window 22 inside the body 12.
  • this window can be used to allow the introduction and the biasing of the screwdriver rod 20 to generate the release force F 3 .
  • the presence of this window no longer forces the branches 14 long enough to leave between them a lateral access passage to the 2D collar for the screwdriver rod 20 as in FIG. 5A.
  • the length of the branches 14 of FIG. 7 can then be reduced, which increases their robustness.
  • the window 22 may advantageously be dimensioned so that the lever-like loading of the screwdriver rod 20 with respect to the collar 2D of the piston head 2A involves the support of the screwdriver rod against the slice 22A of the body 12 delimiting the lower part, in Figure 7, of the window, so as to generate a force F 1 'similar to the bearing force F 1 of Figure 5A.
  • the manipulation of the screwdriver rod 20 then causes both the pinch of the rod 4 by the branches 14, by pushing (arrow F 1 ') substantially axially of the tool 10 towards the housing 3, and the traction ( arrow F 3 ) of the piston head 2A towards the outside of its housing 3A.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)
  • Manipulator (AREA)

Abstract

The tool has a gripping body (12) and branches (14) for clamping a deformable snap ring (4). Each branch has a surface (16) to support and guide a piston head (2A) to be extracted. The branches, during the tool`s use, release axially the head from its housing by radial deformation towards the interior of the ring. The branches guide the head in sliding motion along the surfaces when the head is drawn axially outwards from the housing. An independent claim is also included for a use of a tool for extracting a tubular unit e.g. piston head, retained in a complementary housing by a deformable peripheral snap ring.

Description

La présente invention concerne un outil d'extraction d'un organe tubulaire retenu dans un logement complémentaire par un jonc périphérique déformable. Elle concerne également une utilisation d'un tel outil.The present invention relates to a tool for extracting a tubular member retained in a complementary housing by a deformable peripheral ring. It also relates to the use of such a tool.

Par US-A-1,593,220 et US-A-2,697,870, on connaît des outils d'introduction ou d'insertion d'une tête de piston dans un logement, destinés à pincer des segments de piston lors de la mise en place de la tête de piston à l'intérieur de son logement. En revanche, ces documents ne fournissent aucun moyen pour ultérieurement extraire cette tête de piston.US-A-1,593,220 and US-A-2,697,870 disclose tools for inserting or inserting a piston head into a housing for pinching piston rings during head placement. piston inside its housing. On the other hand, these documents do not provide any means for subsequently extracting this piston head.

Dans ce contexte, l'invention s'intéresse à un outil destiné à être utilisé lors d'opérations de maintenance visant à extraire un organe tubulaire, tel qu'une tête de piston ou analogue, logé dans un carter ou boîtier externe qu'il n'est pas possible de démonter dans sa partie délimitant le logement de réception de cet organe. Cet outil est par exemple utilisé lors de la maintenance d'un appareil de régulation de pression d'un fluide.In this context, the invention is concerned with a tool intended to be used during maintenance operations for extracting a tubular member, such as a piston head or the like, housed in an outer casing or housing that it it is not possible to disassemble in its part delimiting the receiving housing of this organ. This tool is for example used in the maintenance of a fluid pressure regulating apparatus.

US-A-5,685,052 propose un outil d'extraction de ce type, mais dans un domaine spécialisé, à savoir celui de l'extraction de colliers d'étanchéité graphitiques. Cet outil comporte un corps principal tubulaire à introduire à l'intérieur d'un ou de plusieurs colliers graphitiques à extraire, puis à déformer radialement vers l'extérieur pour que la face extérieure du corps soit pressée contre la paroi intérieure du ou des colliers. Pour augmenter la déformation radiale du corps, ce dernier est muni, à son extrémité opposée à celle destinée à être introduite dans le ou les colliers, de branches à même d'être légèrement écartées les unes des autres par un fouloir coulissant : lorsque ce fouloir est coulissé entre les branches vers le corps, l'écartement des branches qui en résulte tend à augmenter la dimension radiale du corps, ce dernier agrippant alors mieux les colliers graphitiques par l'intérieur.US-A-5,685,052 proposes an extraction tool of this type, but in a specialized field, namely that of the extraction of graphitic sealing collars. This tool comprises a tubular main body to be inserted inside one or more graphitic collars to extract, then to deform radially outwards so that the outer face of the body is pressed against the inner wall of the collar or collars. To increase the radial deformation of the body, the latter is provided, at its end opposite to that intended to be introduced into the necklace (s), of branches able to be slightly separated from each other by a sliding follower: when this follower is slid between the branches towards the body, the separation of the branches which results tends to increase the radial dimension of the body, the latter thus gripping the graphitic collars better from the inside.

Aux figures 1A et 1B est représenté, en partie, un épurateur d'air 1 destiné à être intégré à un circuit d'air comprimé, équipant par exemple un autobus ou, plus généralement, un véhicule de transport de personnes ou de marchandises. Cet épurateur a pour but de filtrer et de réguler la pression de l'air du circuit. A cet effet, l'épurateur 1 est équipé, entre autres, d'un piston 2 de forme générale cylindrique étagée et d'axe central A-A. A l'état assemblé de l'épurateur, seule la tête discoïdale 2A de ce piston est accessible depuis l'extérieur du boîtier externe 3 de l'épurateur. La tête de piston 2A est prévue axialement coulissante dans un logement complémentaire 3A délimité intérieurement par le boîtier 3, afin que le piston 2 puisse comprimer l'air circulant dans l'épurateur. Pour limiter la liberté axiale de la tête de piston 2A à l'intérieur du logement 3A, la tête 2A est retenue axialement par un jonc périphérique 4 sensiblement co-axial à la tête 2A. En fonctionnement, le jonc 4 est logé à la fois dans une gorge annulaire 2B creusée dans la surface latérale cylindrique 2C de la tête de piston et dans une rainure annulaire 3B creusée dans la paroi cylindrique du logement 3A, au niveau d'une bride 5 venue de matière avec le boîtier 3. Le jonc 4 se présente sous la forme d'un anneau métallique fendu, permettant au jonc d'être élastiquement déformable suivant une direction radiale à l'axe A-A et dirigée vers cet axe A-A lorsqu'une contrainte périphérique exercée sur le jonc tend à refermer sa fente.In Figures 1A and 1B is shown, in part, an air purifier 1 intended to be integrated in a compressed air circuit, equipping for example a bus or, more generally, a vehicle for transporting people or goods. This purifier aims to filter and regulate the air pressure of the circuit. For this purpose, the purifier 1 is equipped, inter alia, a piston 2 of generally stepped cylindrical shape and central axis A-A. In the assembled state of the purifier, only the disc head 2A of this piston is accessible from outside the outer casing 3 of the purifier. The piston head 2A is provided axially sliding in a complementary housing 3A delimited internally by the housing 3, so that the piston 2 can compress the air circulating in the purifier. To limit the axial freedom of the piston head 2A inside the housing 3A, the head 2A is held axially by a peripheral ring 4 substantially coaxial with the head 2A. In operation, the rod 4 is housed both in an annular groove 2B dug in the cylindrical lateral surface 2C of the piston head and in an annular groove 3B hollowed in the cylindrical wall of the housing 3A, at a flange 5 The ring 4 is in the form of a split metal ring, allowing the ring to be elastically deformable in a direction radial to the axis AA and directed towards this axis AA when a constraint peripheral exerted on the ring tends to close its slot.

Lors de la maintenance de l'épurateur 1, il est nécessaire de démonter le piston 2, c'est-à-dire de le retirer en totalité du logement 3A délimité dans le boîtier 3. Pour ce faire, il convient de déformer radialement vers l'intérieur le jonc 4 et ainsi de libérer axialement la tête 2A de la bride de retenue 5. A cet effet, la bride 5 est interrompue, suivant sa périphérie, en quatre zones 5A, 5B, 5C et 5D, deux à deux diamétralement opposées. Ces zones d'interruption permettent de « pincer » le jonc 4, c'est-à-dire d'appliquer localement au jonc quatre efforts dirigés radialement vers l'axe A-A. En pratique, l'extraction du piston 2 se révèle difficile puisque le pincement simultané du jonc 4 au niveau des quatre zones d'interruption 5A, 5B, 5C et 5D nécessite trois opérateurs : un premier opérateur pince le jonc en manipulant deux tourne-vis ou analogues au niveau de deux de ces quatre zones et un deuxième opérateur pince également le jonc en manipulant deux autres tourne-vis ou analogues au niveau des deux zones d'interruption restantes tandis qu'un troisième opérateur tire le piston vers l'extérieur du logement 3A, suivant l'axe A-A, par exemple en manipulant un tourne-vis ou analogue de manière à faire levier au niveau d'une collerette radialement saillante 2D située à l'extrémité libre de la tête de piston 2A. Une telle manipulation implique des risques de dommages corporels en cas de ripage d'un des tourne-vis utilisés, ainsi qu'un risque de détérioration du jonc et du piston, pouvant rendre ces derniers inutilisables.During the maintenance of the purifier 1, it is necessary to disassemble the piston 2, that is to say to remove it completely from the housing 3A delimited in the housing 3. To do this, it is necessary to deform radially towards inside the ring 4 and thus axially release the 2A head of the retaining flange 5. For this purpose, the flange 5 is interrupted, along its periphery, in four zones 5A, 5B, 5C and 5D, two by two diametrically opposite. These interruption zones allow to "pinch" the ring 4, that is to say to apply locally to the ring four forces directed radially towards the axis AA. In practice, the extraction of the piston 2 proves difficult since the simultaneous pinching of the ring 4 at the four interruption zones 5A, 5B, 5C and 5D requires three operators: a first operator pinches the ring by manipulating two screwdrivers or the like at two of these four zones and a second operator also grips the rod by manipulating two other screwdrivers or the like at the two remaining interrupt zones while a third operator pulls the piston out of the 3A, along the axis AA, for example by manipulating a screwdriver or the like so as to leverage at a radially projecting flange 2D located at the free end of the piston head 2A. Such handling involves risks of bodily injury if one of the screwdrivers used is shifted, as well as a risk of damage to the rod and the piston, which can render the latter unusable.

On comprend que l'utilisation des outils d'insertion proposée dans US-A-1,593,220 et US-A-2,697,870 ou celle de l'outil d'extraction proposée dans US-A-5,685,052 n'est d'aucun recours.It is understood that the use of the insertion tools proposed in US-A-1,593,220 and US-A-2,697,870 or that of the extraction tool proposed in US-A-5,685,052 is of no use.

Le but de la présente invention est de proposer un outil permettant d'extraire facilement et rapidement un organe tubulaire, telle que la tête de piston 2A précitée, en limitant les risques d'accidents pour la personne chargée de l'opération de maintenance, ainsi que les risques de dégradations de cet organe.The object of the present invention is to provide a tool for extracting easily and quickly a tubular member, such as the aforementioned piston head 2A, limiting the risk of accidents to the person in charge of the maintenance operation, and than the risk of damage to this organ.

A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un outil d'extraction d'un organe tubulaire, tel qu'une tête de piston, retenu dans un logement complémentaire par un jonc périphérique déformable, tel que défini à la revendication 1.For this purpose, the invention relates to a tool for extracting a tubular member, such as a piston head, retained in a complementary housing by a deformable peripheral ring, as defined in claim 1.

Lors d'une opération de maintenance visant à extraire cet organe tubulaire, par exemple la tête 2A du piston 2 des figures 1A et 1B, l'outil selon l'invention est manipulé de sorte que ces branches viennent pincer le jonc, c'est-à-dire viennent simultanément le contraindre radialement vers l'intérieur, si bien que l'organe tubulaire peut être extrait de son logement en coulissant le long des surfaces d'appui et de guidage portées par les branches de l'outil. Un seul opérateur est alors nécessaire pour réaliser cette opération puisque par exemple, d'une main, cet unique opérateur pince le jonc au moyen de l'outil selon l'invention tandis que, de son autre main, il tire le piston vers l'extérieur de son logement, en faisant par exemple levier au moyen d'un tourne-vis ou analogue. Autrement dit, par rapport à l'opération d'extraction détaillée plus haut et nécessitant trois opérateurs, l'outil selon l'invention remplace les quatre tourne-vis utilisés par les premier et deuxième opérateurs précités. Le guidage de l'organe tubulaire vers l'extérieur de son logement rend l'opération d'extraction rapide et sûre, améliorant de manière significative les conditions de travail de l'opérateur et limitant les risques d'endommager l'organe extrait.During a maintenance operation to extract this tubular member, for example the head 2A of the piston 2 of FIGS. 1A and 1B, the tool according to the invention is manipulated so that these branches pinch the rod, it is that is to say, simultaneously constrain radially inwards, so that the tubular member can be extracted from its housing by sliding along the bearing and guiding surfaces carried by the branches of the tool. A single operator is then necessary to perform this operation since for example, with one hand, this single operator pinches the ring by means of the tool according to the invention while, with his other hand, he pulls the piston towards the outside of its housing, for example by levering by means of a screwdriver or the like. In other words, compared to the extraction operation detailed above and requiring three operators, the tool according to the invention replaces the four screwdrivers used by the first and second aforementioned operators. Guiding the tubular member out of its housing makes the extraction operation fast and safe, significantly improving the working conditions of the operator and limiting the risk of damaging the extracted organ.

D'autres caractéristiques de cet outil, prises isolément ou selon toutes les combinaisons techniquement possibles, sont énoncées aux revendications 2 à 8.Other features of this tool, taken individually or in any technically possible combination, are set out in claims 2 to 8.

L'invention a également pour objet une utilisation d'un outil tel que défini ci-dessus, selon la revendication 9.The invention also relates to a use of a tool as defined above, according to claim 9.

Une variante avantageuse de cette utilisation est énoncée à la revendication dépendante 10.An advantageous variant of this use is set forth in the dependent claim 10.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple et faite en se référant aux dessins sur lesquels :

  • la figure 1A est une vue schématique en perspective d'une partie d'un épurateur d'air intégrant un piston à extraire lors d'opérations de maintenance ;
  • la figure 1B est une coupe selon le plan I-I de la figure 1A ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue en perspective d'un outil d'extraction selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue en élévation prise selon la flèche III indiquée à la figure 2 ;
  • la figure 4 est une coupe longitudinale de l'outil de la figure 2 ;
  • la figure 5A est une vue schématique en perspective de l'outil de la figure 2 en cours d'utilisation sur l'épurateur de la figure 1A ;
  • la figure 5B est une coupe selon le plan V-V de la figure 5A ;
  • la figure 6 est une vue en élévation de l'outil de la figure 2 après extraction du piston de l'épurateur de la figure 1A ; et
  • la figure 7 est une vue analogue à la figure 5A, d'une variante de l'outil d'extraction selon l'invention.
The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows, given solely by way of example and with reference to the drawings in which:
  • Figure 1A is a schematic perspective view of a portion of an air purifier integrating a piston to extract during maintenance operations;
  • Figure 1B is a section on plane II of Figure 1A;
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of an extraction tool according to the invention;
  • Figure 3 is an elevational view taken along the arrow III shown in Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is a longitudinal section of the tool of Figure 2;
  • Fig. 5A is a schematic perspective view of the tool of Fig. 2 in use on the purifier of Fig. 1A;
  • Figure 5B is a section along the plane VV of Figure 5A;
  • Figure 6 is an elevational view of the tool of Figure 2 after extraction of the piston of the scrubber of Figure 1A; and
  • Figure 7 is a view similar to Figure 5A, a variant of the extraction tool according to the invention.

Sur les figures 2 à 4 est représenté un outil 10 destiné à faciliter l'extraction du piston 2 de l'épurateur 1 des figures 1A et 1B. Bien entendu, bien que l'outil 10 est décrit ci-dessous en rapport avec l'épurateur 1, cet outil peut être utilisé pour extraire d'autres organes tubulaires que la tête de piston 2A, retenus dans un logement complémentaire par un jonc périphérique déformable ou analogue, tel que le jonc 4 pour la tête de piston 2A.In Figures 2 to 4 is shown a tool 10 for facilitating the extraction of the piston 2 of the purifier 1 of Figures 1A and 1B. Of course, although the tool 10 is described below in connection with the purifier 1, this tool can be used to extract other tubular members that the piston head 2A, retained in a complementary housing by a deformable peripheral ring or the like, such as the ring 4 for the piston head 2A.

L'outil 10 comporte un corps tubulaire métallique creux 12, de forme globalement cylindrique à base circulaire et d'axe central X-X. A une de ses extrémités longitudinales, ce corps 12 est muni de quatre branches 14 régulièrement réparties suivant la périphérie du corps 12 et qui s'étendent chacune en longueur suivant une direction globalement parallèle à l'axe X-X. Les branches 14 sont ainsi deux à deux symétriques par rapport à l'axe X-X. Ces branches sont liées rigidement au corps 12, en étant par exemple venues de matière avec ce corps.The tool 10 comprises a hollow metal tubular body 12 of generally cylindrical shape with a circular base and a central axis X-X. At one of its longitudinal ends, this body 12 is provided with four branches 14 regularly distributed along the periphery of the body 12 and which each extend in length in a direction generally parallel to the axis X-X. The branches 14 are thus two to two symmetrical with respect to the axis X-X. These branches are rigidly connected to the body 12, for example being integral with this body.

Chaque branche 14 présente, en regard de sa branche symétrique, une surface intérieure 16 qui s'étend dans le prolongement rectiligne de la surface intérieure cylindrique 12A du corps tubulaire 12. Les surfaces 16 des quatre branches 14 appartiennent ainsi à une même enveloppe sensiblement cylindrique centrée sur l'axe X-X. Le diamètre d16 de cette enveloppe est sensiblement égal au diamètre extérieur d2 de la tête de piston 2A de l'épurateur 1.Each branch 14 has, facing its symmetrical branch, an inner surface 16 which extends in the rectilinear extension of the cylindrical inner surface 12A of the tubular body 12. The surfaces 16 of the four branches 14 and belong to the same substantially cylindrical envelope centered on the XX axis. The diameter d 16 of this casing is substantially equal to the outside diameter d 2 of the piston head 2A of the purifier 1.

En s'éloignant du corps 12, chaque surface 16 débouche sur une surface chanfreinée 18 prévue à l'extrémité libre de la branche 14. Cette surface chanfreinée est évasée vers l'extérieur en s'éloignant de l'axe X-X. Les surfaces chanfreinées 18 des quatre branches 14 appartiennent ainsi à une même enveloppe sensiblement tronconique centrée sur l'axe X-X. Avantageusement, l'angle au sommet α de cette enveloppe vaut environ 90°.Moving away from the body 12, each surface 16 opens onto a chamfered surface 18 provided at the free end of the branch 14. This chamfered surface is flared outwardly away from the axis X-X. The chamfered surfaces 18 of the four branches 14 thus belong to the same substantially frustoconical envelope centered on the X-X axis. Advantageously, the apex angle α of this envelope is approximately 90 °.

L'utilisation de l'outil 10 en vue d'extraire de l'épurateur 1 la tête de piston 2A est la suivante :The use of the tool 10 for extracting from the purifier 1 the piston head 2A is as follows:

L'opérateur se saisit, d'une main, du corps tubulaire 12 de l'outil 10, aligne l'axe X-X suivant l'axe A-A du seul côté accessible du logement 3A puis positionne les branches 14 de sorte que leur extrémité libre soient insérées dans les zones d'interruption 5A, 5B, 5C et 5D de la bride 5 du boîtier 3. A cet effet, les extrémités libres des branches 14 sont dimensionnées pour être reçues de manière sensiblement complémentaire dans ces zones d'interruption, indexant ainsi angulairement la position de l'outil 10 par rapport au boîtier 3. L'outil 10 est alors dans sa configuration des figures 5A et 5B.The operator seizes, with one hand, the tubular body 12 of the tool 10, aligns the axis XX along the axis AA of the only accessible side of the housing 3A and then positions the branches 14 so that their free end are inserted in the interruption zones 5A, 5B, 5C and 5D of the flange 5 of the housing 3. For this purpose, the free ends of the branches 14 are sized to be received in a substantially complementary manner in these interruption zones, thus indexing angularly the position of the tool 10 relative to the housing 3. The tool 10 is then in its configuration of Figures 5A and 5B.

En appliquant sur le corps 12 un effort axial F1 dirigé vers le boîtier 3, l'opérateur force le jonc 4 à se déformer radialement vers l'intérieur en glissant, par effet de rampe, le long des surfaces chanfreinées 18 des branches 14, comme indiqué par les flèches F2 à la figure 5B. Ces branches pincent ainsi localement le jonc au niveau des quatre zones d'interruption 5A à 5D jusqu'à ce que le jonc soit radialement poussé en totalité au fond de la gorge 2B, où il est situé en retrait, vers l'axe X-X, de la surface latérale 2C de la tête de piston 2A. Les branches 14 libèrent ainsi axialement la tête de piston vis-à-vis de son logement de réception 3A délimité par le boîtier 3.By applying on the body 12 an axial force F 1 directed towards the casing 3, the operator forces the ring 4 to deform radially inwards by sliding, by a ramp effect, along the chamfered surfaces 18 of the branches 14, as indicated by the arrow F 2 in Figure 5B. These branches thus locally pinch the ring at the four interruption zones 5A to 5D until the rod is radially pushed completely into the bottom of the groove 2B, where it is set back, towards the axis XX, of the lateral surface 2C of the piston head 2A. The branches 14 thus free axially the piston head vis-à-vis its receiving housing 3A delimited by the housing 3.

De son autre main, l'opérateur manipule une tige de tourne-vis ou analogue 20 pour tirer axialement la tête de piston 2A vers l'extérieur de son logement, en faisant levier, par appui sur le boîtier 3, au niveau de la collerette saillante 2D accessible entre deux branches 14 successives suivant la périphérie de l'outil, comme indiqué par la flèche F3 à la figure 5A. Comme le jonc est déformé radialement vers l'intérieur, il ne s'oppose pas au mouvement axial vers l'extérieur de la tête de piston 2A. Cette tête de piston est guidée vers l'extérieur par appui le long des surfaces 16 des branches 14, jusqu'à occuper la position de la figure 6 où la totalité de sa surface latérale 2C est disposée entre les branches 14.With its other hand, the operator manipulates a screwdriver rod or the like 20 to axially pull the piston head 2A towards the outside of its housing, by levering, by pressing on the housing 3, at the level of the collar projecting 2D accessible between two successive branches 14 along the periphery of the tool, as indicated by the arrow F 3 in Figure 5A. As the ring is deformed radially inwards, it does not oppose the axial movement towards the outside of the piston head 2A. This piston head is guided outwardly by bearing along the surfaces 16 of the branches 14, until it occupies the position of FIG. 6 where all of its lateral surface 2C is disposed between the branches 14.

Par élasticité, le jonc 4 tend à immobiliser axialement la tête 2A entre les branches, permettant l'extraction du reste du piston en ne manipulant que l'outil 10.By elasticity, the ring 4 tends to axially immobilize the head 2A between the branches, allowing extracting the rest of the piston by manipulating only the tool 10.

Une fois que l'opération de maintenance proprement dite est réalisée, par exemple à l'intérieur du logement 3A, le piston 2 peut être remis en place au moyen de l'outil 10, en effectuant les étapes inverses à celles nécessaires à son extraction.Once the actual maintenance operation is carried out, for example inside the housing 3A, the piston 2 can be replaced by means of the tool 10, performing the steps opposite to those necessary for its extraction. .

A titre de variante représentée à la figure 7, la paroi tubulaire du corps 12 est radialement ajourée de manière à délimiter une fenêtre 22 d'accès radial à l'intérieur du corps 12. En prévoyant cette fenêtre dans la partie d'extrémité du corps 12 d'où s'étendent les branches 14, cette fenêtre peut être utilisée pour permettre l'introduction et la sollicitation de la tige de tournevis 20 pour générer l'effort de dégagement F3. La présence de cette fenêtre n'oblige donc plus à prévoir les branches 14 suffisamment longues pour laisser entre elles un passage d'accès latéral à la collerette 2D pour la tige de tournevis 20 comme à la figure 5A. Autrement dit, la longueur des branches 14 de la figure 7 peut alors être réduite, ce qui augmente leur robustesse.As a variant shown in Figure 7, the tubular wall of the body 12 is radially perforated so as to define a radial access window 22 inside the body 12. By providing this window in the end portion of the body 12 from which branches 14 extend, this window can be used to allow the introduction and the biasing of the screwdriver rod 20 to generate the release force F 3 . The presence of this window no longer forces the branches 14 long enough to leave between them a lateral access passage to the 2D collar for the screwdriver rod 20 as in FIG. 5A. In other words, the length of the branches 14 of FIG. 7 can then be reduced, which increases their robustness.

En outre, la fenêtre 22 peut avantageusement être dimensionnée pour que la sollicitation, à la façon d'un levier, de la tige de tournevis 20 vis-à-vis de la collerette 2D de la tête de piston 2A implique l'appui de la tige de tournevis contre la tranche 22A du corps 12 délimitant la partie basse, à la figure 7, de la fenêtre, de manière à générer un effort F1' similaire à l'effort d'appui F1 de la figure 5A. Autrement dit, la manipulation de la tige de tournevis 20 provoque alors à la fois le pincement du jonc 4 par les branches 14, par poussée (flèche F1') sensiblement axiale de l'outil 10 vers le boîtier 3, et la traction (flèche F3) de la tête de piston 2A vers l'extérieur de son logement 3A.In addition, the window 22 may advantageously be dimensioned so that the lever-like loading of the screwdriver rod 20 with respect to the collar 2D of the piston head 2A involves the support of the screwdriver rod against the slice 22A of the body 12 delimiting the lower part, in Figure 7, of the window, so as to generate a force F 1 'similar to the bearing force F 1 of Figure 5A. In other words, the manipulation of the screwdriver rod 20 then causes both the pinch of the rod 4 by the branches 14, by pushing (arrow F 1 ') substantially axially of the tool 10 towards the housing 3, and the traction ( arrow F 3 ) of the piston head 2A towards the outside of its housing 3A.

Divers aménagements et variantes à l'outil 10 décrit ci-dessus sont en outre envisageables :

  • au niveau de l'extrémité du corps 12 opposée aux branches 14, l'outil 10 peut être équipé d'une poignée ou, d'une manière générale, de tout moyen facilitant la préhension de l'outil ; et/ou
  • selon la géométrie de la partie de boîtier au niveau de laquelle l'organe tubulaire à extraire est retenu, le nombre et la géométrie des branches de pincement du jonc peuvent être modifiés.
Various arrangements and variants to the tool 10 described above are furthermore possible:
  • at the end of the body 12 opposite the branches 14, the tool 10 may be equipped with a handle or, in general, any means facilitating the gripping of the tool; and or
  • depending on the geometry of the housing portion at which the tubular member to be removed is retained, the number and geometry of the pinch legs of the rod can be changed.

Claims (10)

Outil (10) d'extraction d'un organe tubulaire, tel qu'une tête de piston (2A), retenu dans un logement complémentaire (3A) par un jonc périphérique déformable (4), caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un corps de préhension (12) et des branches (14) de pincement du jonc en plusieurs zones distinctes (5A, 5B, 5C, 5D) réparties suivant la périphérie du jonc, ces branches étant liées rigidement au corps, présentant chacune une surface (16) d'appui et de guidage de l'organe tubulaire à extraire (2A), et étant adaptées, lors de l'utilisation de l'outil en vue d'extraire l'organe tubulaire, pour libérer axialement l'organe tubulaire vis-à-vis de son logement (3A), par déformation radiale vers l'intérieur (F2) du jonc (4), puis pour guider l'organe tubulaire par coulissement de ce dernier le long des surfaces d'appui et de guidage lorsque l'organe tubulaire est tiré axialement (F3) vers l'extérieur de son logement.Tool (10) for extracting a tubular member such as a piston head (2A) retained in a complementary housing (3A) by a deformable peripheral ring (4), characterized in that it comprises a body gripper (12) and branches (14) pinching the rod in several distinct areas (5A, 5B, 5C, 5D) distributed along the periphery of the rod, these branches being rigidly connected to the body, each having a surface (16) supporting and guiding the tubular member to extract (2A), and being adapted, when using the tool to extract the tubular member, to axially release the tubular member vis-à-vis -vis of its housing (3A), by radial deformation inward (F 2 ) of the rod (4), then to guide the tubular member by sliding thereof along the bearing surfaces and guide when the tubular member is drawn axially (F 3 ) towards the outside of its housing. Outil suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les branches (14) sont venues de matière avec le corps (12).Tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the legs (14) are integral with the body (12). Outil suivant l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les surfaces d'appui et de guidage (16) appartiennent à une même enveloppe sensiblement cylindrique présentant un diamètre (d16) sensiblement égal au diamètre extérieur (d2) de l'organe tubulaire à extraire (2A).Tool according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the bearing and guiding surfaces (16) belong to the same substantially cylindrical casing having a diameter (d 16 ) substantially equal to the outside diameter (d 2 ) of the tubular member to extract (2A). Outil suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que, en s'éloignant du corps (12), chaque surface d'appui et de guidage (16) débouche, à l'extrémité libre de la branche correspondante (14), sur une surface de rampe (18) adaptée pour déformer (flèches F2) le jonc (4).Tool according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that , when moving away from the body (12), each bearing and guiding surface (16) opens at the free end of the corresponding branch (14) , sure a ramp surface (18) adapted to deform (arrows F 2 ) the rod (4). Outil suivant la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que les surfaces de rampe (18) des différentes branches (14) appartiennent à une même enveloppe sensiblement tronconique divergente en s'éloignant du corps (12).Tool according to claim 4, characterized in that the ramp surfaces (18) of the various branches (14) belong to the same substantially frustoconical envelope diverging away from the body (12). Outil suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le corps (12) comporte une partie globalement tubulaire, chaque surface d'appui et de guidage (16) s'étendant dans un prolongement sensiblement rectiligne de la face intérieure (12A) de cette partie tubulaire.Tool according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the body (12) comprises a generally tubular part, each bearing and guiding surface (16) extending in a substantially rectilinear extension of the inner face (12A ) of this tubular part. Outil suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'extrémité libre de chaque branche (14) est conformée pour, lors de l'utilisation de l'outil (10), occuper de façon complémentaire une zone (5A, 5B, 5C, 5D) d'interruption d'une bride (5) de retenue du jonc (4), délimitant en partie le logement (3A) de réception de l'organe tubulaire (2A).Tool according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the free end of each leg (14) is shaped so as to use the tool (10) to occupy in a complementary manner a zone (5A, 5B, 5C, 5D) of interruption of a flange (5) retaining the rod (4), defining in part the housing (3A) for receiving the tubular member (2A). Outil suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le corps (12) délimite, dans sa partie d'extrémité d'où s'étendent les branches (14), une fenêtre (22) d'accès à l'organe tubulaire (2A) selon une direction transversale à la direction longitudinale des branches, ladite fenêtre étant fermée, du côté des branches, par une tranche (22A) du corps.Tool according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the body (12) delimits, in its end part from which the branches (14) extend, a window (22) for access to the tubular member (2A) in a direction transverse to the longitudinal direction of the branches, said window being closed on the side of the branches by a slice (22A) of the body. Utilisation d'un outil (10) conforme à l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que, pour extraire un organe tubulaire, tel qu'une tête de piston (2A), retenu dans un logement complémentaire (3A) par un jonc périphérique déformable (4), on pince le jonc simultanément en plusieurs zones distinctes (5A, 5B, 5C, 5D) réparties suivant la périphérie du jonc au moyen des branches (14) de l'outil, et on dégage l'organe tubulaire (2A) de son logement (3A) en le guidant par appui le long des surfaces d'appui et de guidage (16) des branches.Use of a tool (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that , for extracting a tubular member, such as a piston head (2A), retained in a complementary housing (3A) by a deformable peripheral ring (4), the ring is simultaneously gripped in several distinct zones (5A, 5B, 5C, 5D) distributed along the periphery of the ring by means of branches (14) of the tool, and disengages the tubular member (2A) from its housing (3A) by guiding it by pressing along the bearing surfaces and guide (16) of the branches. Utilisation suivant la revendication 9,
caractérisée en ce que, pour remettre en place l'organe tubulaire extrait (2A) dans son logement (3A), on utilise l'outil (10) en effectuant les étapes inverses à celles nécessaires à l'extraction de l'organe.Use according to claim 9,
characterized in that , to replace the extracted tubular member (2A) in its housing (3A), the tool (10) is used by performing the reverse steps to those necessary for the extraction of the organ.
EP05356212A 2004-12-06 2005-12-05 Tool for the extraction of a tubular element, retained by a deformable peripheral ring in a complementary housing, and utilisation of such a tool Withdrawn EP1666208A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0412946A FR2878775B1 (en) 2004-12-06 2004-12-06 TOOL FOR EXTRACTING A TUBULAR ORGAN RETAINED IN A COMPLEMENTARY HOUSING BY A DEFORMABLE PERIPHERAL JUNCTION AND USE OF SUCH A TOOL

Publications (1)

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EP1666208A1 true EP1666208A1 (en) 2006-06-07

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ID=34954589

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05356212A Withdrawn EP1666208A1 (en) 2004-12-06 2005-12-05 Tool for the extraction of a tubular element, retained by a deformable peripheral ring in a complementary housing, and utilisation of such a tool

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EP (1) EP1666208A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2878775B1 (en)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1366857A (en) * 1918-08-31 1921-01-25 Zetzman Walter Piston-ring remover
US1572801A (en) * 1925-02-05 1926-02-09 Kearney Paul Cecil Piston-ring compressor
US1593220A (en) 1924-08-20 1926-07-20 Henry C Phelps Piston-ring compressor
US2697870A (en) 1950-05-23 1954-12-28 Gottlieb F Zucker Piston inserting tool
US5685052A (en) 1996-04-11 1997-11-11 The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Energy Graphitic packing removal tool
DE19649622A1 (en) * 1996-11-29 1998-06-04 Iav Motor Gmbh Device for introducing pistons with rings into cylinders

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1366857A (en) * 1918-08-31 1921-01-25 Zetzman Walter Piston-ring remover
US1593220A (en) 1924-08-20 1926-07-20 Henry C Phelps Piston-ring compressor
US1572801A (en) * 1925-02-05 1926-02-09 Kearney Paul Cecil Piston-ring compressor
US2697870A (en) 1950-05-23 1954-12-28 Gottlieb F Zucker Piston inserting tool
US5685052A (en) 1996-04-11 1997-11-11 The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Energy Graphitic packing removal tool
DE19649622A1 (en) * 1996-11-29 1998-06-04 Iav Motor Gmbh Device for introducing pistons with rings into cylinders

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2878775A1 (en) 2006-06-09
FR2878775B1 (en) 2008-05-16

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