EP1661645B1 - Process for regulating the flow rate and bottom tap hole for metallurgical vessel - Google Patents
Process for regulating the flow rate and bottom tap hole for metallurgical vessel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1661645B1 EP1661645B1 EP05024382A EP05024382A EP1661645B1 EP 1661645 B1 EP1661645 B1 EP 1661645B1 EP 05024382 A EP05024382 A EP 05024382A EP 05024382 A EP05024382 A EP 05024382A EP 1661645 B1 EP1661645 B1 EP 1661645B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- housing
- nozzle
- bottom drain
- inert gas
- upper nozzle
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/14—Closures
- B22D41/22—Closures sliding-gate type, i.e. having a fixed plate and a movable plate in sliding contact with each other for selective registry of their openings
- B22D41/24—Closures sliding-gate type, i.e. having a fixed plate and a movable plate in sliding contact with each other for selective registry of their openings characterised by a rectilinearly movable plate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/14—Closures
- B22D41/22—Closures sliding-gate type, i.e. having a fixed plate and a movable plate in sliding contact with each other for selective registry of their openings
- B22D41/42—Features relating to gas injection
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/50—Pouring-nozzles
- B22D41/502—Connection arrangements; Sealing means therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/50—Pouring-nozzles
- B22D41/58—Pouring-nozzles with gas injecting means
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for regulating the flow through a bottom spout of a metallurgical vessel. Furthermore, the invention relates to a floor spout of a metallurgical vessel.
- the liquid metal is poured from a distributor, for example, in a continuous casting plant. It flows through a floor spout in the bottom of the distributor housing (a so-called Nozzle).
- Nozzle a floor spout in the bottom of the distributor housing
- a disadvantage is the adhesion of material to the wall of the floor spout during the flow. This reduces the opening cross section, so that the flow conditions are adversely affected.
- an inert gas such as argon is often introduced into the flow opening. Excessively large quantities of gas, however, can adversely affect the quality of the steel, for example, by creating voids in the steel which cause surface damage when the steel is rolled out.
- JP 1104814 A a bottom nozzle for molten metal is described in which the nozzles are surrounded by a housing. In the housing gas is introduced, which is to penetrate into the nozzle.
- JP 2004243407 A a heated floor drain is described.
- JP 59133955 A discloses a bottom spout, wherein at the ends of the nozzle in each case an electrode is arranged, with which the nozzle is heated.
- a material for a floor spout is used for example in WO 2004/035249 A1 described.
- a floor spout within a metallurgical vessel is placed in KR 2003-0017154 A or in US 2003/0116893 A1 disclosed.
- inert gas with the aim to reduce the adhesion of material to the inner wall of the floor spout (so-called clogging), similar to that in JP 2187239 described becomes.
- a mechanism with a gas supply regulation is off WO 01/56725 A1 known. Nitrogen is according to the Japanese publication JP 8290250 A fed.
- JP 3193250 discloses a method of observing the adherence of material by means of a plurality of temperature sensors arranged longitudinally of the bottom spout.
- the introduction of inert gas into the interior of the floor spout is further among other things JP 2002210545 .
- JP 58061954 and JP 7290422 known.
- the inert gas supply is controlled in the bottom spout based on the measuring signals of the sensor.
- the flow rate and / or the pressure is reduced until the sensor signals an increase in determinations and / or the flow rate and / or the pressure are increased until the sensor indicates a decrease or a dissolution of the stipulations.
- the Inergaszul can be minimized to a minimum, so that little inert gas is fed into the molten metal and as a result less gas inclusions in the finished metal, such as steel, are available.
- a temperature sensor arranged on or in the outside of the lower nozzle is used as the sensor.
- the measurement can also be made inductively, resistively, by means of ultrasound or X-rays.
- the flow rate and / or the pressure be reduced until the measured wall temperature decreases faster than a predetermined limit value of the cooling and / or that the flow rate and / or pressure are increased until the measured wall temperature is less rapid decreases as a predetermined limit of cooling.
- the molten metal flow may be regulated by means of a valve arranged between the upper and the lower nozzle or a valve arranged above the upper nozzle.
- a slide valve sliding gate
- the introduction of the inert gas takes place in the flow opening of the bottom spout below the upper nozzle.
- argon is used as the inert gas.
- At least one of the nozzles may conveniently have a heater. It makes sense that below or above the upper nozzle a valve (slide valve or stopper rod) is arranged to control the molten metal flow.
- a further inventive bottom spout for a metallurgical vessel with an upper nozzle arranged in the bottom of a metallurgical vessel and a lower nozzle disposed below the upper nozzle has a wall of the flow opening through the nozzles formed at least in a molten metal flow-tight manner and is characterized in that the nozzles are at least partially separated from surrounded by a gas-tight housing, that the housing encloses at its lower end, the lower nozzle at its periphery gas-tight, wherein it rests with a part of its inner side on the outside of the nozzle and that a thermally insulating solid disposed between the wall of the flow opening and the housing is.
- the term "at least partially” is to be understood as meaning that the housing, of course, can not surround the nozzle, for example, at its orifices.
- the housing prevents the passage of gas, it has an upper and a lower end and is gas-tight in between.
- the floor spout on two basic seals namely a melt flow seal in the region of the wall of the flow opening and a gas seal in the colder, the flow opening facing away from the bottom spout.
- less temperature-resistant materials can be used to achieve the gas-tightness.
- the housing preferably has a plurality of gas-tight connected, preferably superimposed housing parts, wherein at least one housing part with the upper nozzle and / or the bottom of the metallurgical vessel is connected gas-tight, preferably by having a part of its side surface on the outside of the upper Nozzle and / or the soil is applied.
- a valve for regulating the molten metal flow is arranged above the upper nozzle or between the upper and the lower nozzle.
- the valve is a stopper rod, in the second case a slide valve.
- an oxygen getter material in particular from the group of titanium, aluminum, magnesium or zirconium arranged.
- the housing is expediently at least partially tubular (hollow cylinder) or conical, preferably formed with an oval or circular cross-section.
- the housing may conveniently be formed of steel and the thermally insulating material may preferably contain alumina. It may make sense that at least one of the nozzles has a heater.
- FIG. 1 shown bottom spout in the bottom 1 of a distributor for molten steel 2 has within the bottom 1 an upper nozzle 3.
- electrodes 4 are arranged to produce an electrochemical effect or as a heater.
- the floor 1 itself has various layers of a refractory material and on its outer side a steel housing 5.
- a slide valve 6 is arranged to control the molten steel flow and below a lower nozzle 7, which extends into the molten metal container 8, which belongs for example to a continuous casting plant for the steel.
- a temperature sensor 10 measures the temperature on the outside of the lower nozzle.
- FIG. 2 is a time-pressure / temperature history shown. As the temperature decreases (thick line), the argon pressure is gradually increased so that the flow of argon into the flow passage causes dissolution of the wall fixings. As a result, increases in the Outside wall measured temperature again up to a constant value. In this way, argon pressure inflow can be minimized, at which the formation of fixes is just prevented or minimized.
- the in FIG. 3 illustrated bottom spout has a basically two-part seal, namely a melt flow-tight seal along the inside of the flow opening and a housing 14, which realizes a gas-tight seal towards the outside (between the ambient atmosphere and the flow opening), wherein the individual seals arranged in a significantly lower temperature range are.
- the housing 14 consists of several parts 14a and 14b and is in principle continued in the metal sleeve 15, which comprises the upper nozzle 3 on its outer side and opens into a flange 16, on which a part of the outer surface of the upper housing part 14b is sealingly arranged.
- the various seals are shown.
- So-called type 1 seals 17 exist between mutually movable parts on the slide valve 6.
- Type 2 seals 18 are disposed between refractory parts of the bottom spout 1, that is, for example, between the parts of the spool valve 6 and the upper nozzle 3 and the lower nozzle 7. These type 2 seals 18 are the molten metal or the Temperature of liquid steel at least partially exposed directly. Furthermore, the wall of the flow opening of the floor spout 1 itself is a seal (type 3 seal), which is influenced by the choice of material.
- the above-described seals are in principle also present in all known arrangements. They may be formed, for example, of alumina. The sealing effect of the Type 3 seals can be improved, inter alia, by high temperature glass layers.
- the parts of the outer housing 14 form a type 4 seal which are not exposed to molten steel or temperatures of comparable height. These seals may be formed of metal, for example of steel, or of densely sintered ceramic material.
- Type 5 seals 19 are located between parts of the housing 14 and moving parts of the flow control, such as the push rods 20 of the slide valve 6. They are not exposed to the liquid steel and can, depending on the specific temperature conditions of Inkonel (up to 800 ° C) , made of aluminum, copper or graphite (up to about 450 ° C) or of an elastomeric material (at temperatures up to about 200 ° C) may be formed, as well as the type 6 seals 20 between the individual housing parts.
- type 7 seals 21 which prevent gas, especially oxygen at the junction along these parts into the cavity 22 between the housing part 14b and the slide valve 6 penetrate. Thereby, a negative pressure within the cavity 22 is ensured against its environment during the passage of the molten metal 2 through the bottom spout 1.
- This type 7 seal can be made and adjusted by the manufacturer of the nozzles.
- the upper nozzle 3 may be formed of zirconia, the lower nozzle of alumina. Foam alumina with a low density and closed pores may also be used, as well as alumina graphite, other refractory foam or fiber materials.
- an oxygen getter material such as titanium, aluminum, magnesium, yttrium or zirconium may be arranged as a mixture with the refractory insulating material or as a sepatates part.
- Type 1 and Type 2 seals have a leak rate of approximately 10 3 to 10 4 and 10 2 to 10 3 ml / s, respectively, and standard materials for the Type 3 seals result in leakage rates of approximately 10 to 100 ml / s.
- Type 4 seals result in a negligible leak rate of less than 10 -6 ml / s when metal (such as steel) is used as the material.
- Type 5 and Type 6 seals can achieve a leak rate of about 10 -4 ml / s when using polymeric material and using appropriately sized graphite seals of about 1 ml / sec.
- Type 7 seals are similar to a combination of Type 3 and Type 4 seals and can reach a leak rate of approximately 1 to 10 ml / s.
- the leak rates refer to the operating condition of the floor spout.
- the normalized leak rate according to the invention is on the order of about 1 to 10 nml / s, while the combination of type 1, type 2 and type 3 seals leads at best to 150 Nml / s.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
- Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
- Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
- Thermal Insulation (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Regelung des Durchflusses durch einen Bodenausguss eines metallurgischen Gefäßes. Des weiteren betrifft die Erfindung einen Bodenausguss eines metallurgisches Gefäßes.The invention relates to a method for regulating the flow through a bottom spout of a metallurgical vessel. Furthermore, the invention relates to a floor spout of a metallurgical vessel.
Insbesondere bei Stahlschmelzen wird das flüssige Metall aus einem Verteiler beispielsweise in eine Stranggussanlage gegossen. Dabei fließt es durch einen im Boden des Verteilergehäuses angeordneten Bodenausguss (eine sog. Nozzle). Nachteilig ist das Anhaften von Material an der Wand des Bodenausgusses während des Durchfließens. Dadurch verkleinert sich der Öffnungsquerschnitt, so dass die Strömungsverhältnisse nachteilig beeinflusst werden. Um ein Anhaften von Material an der Wand zu verhindern, wird vielfach ein Inertgas wie Argon in die Durchflussöffnung eingeleitet. Zu große Gasmengen können jedoch die Stahlqualität negativ beeinflussen, beispielsweise durch die Bildung von Hohlräumen im Stahl, die beim Auswalzen des Stahls zu Oberflächenschäden führen.In particular, with molten steel, the liquid metal is poured from a distributor, for example, in a continuous casting plant. It flows through a floor spout in the bottom of the distributor housing (a so-called Nozzle). A disadvantage is the adhesion of material to the wall of the floor spout during the flow. This reduces the opening cross section, so that the flow conditions are adversely affected. In order to prevent adhesion of material to the wall, an inert gas such as argon is often introduced into the flow opening. Excessively large quantities of gas, however, can adversely affect the quality of the steel, for example, by creating voids in the steel which cause surface damage when the steel is rolled out.
In
Ein Material für einen Bodenausguss wird beispielsweise in
Aus einigen dieser Druckschriften ist es außerdem bekannt, zusätzlich zu der Zuleitung von Inertgas den Sauerstoffzutritt möglichst zu verhindern durch Einsatz von Gehäusen um einen Teil des Bodenausgusses herum. Teilweise wird dabei, wie beispielsweise in
In der koreanischen Druckschrift
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die vorhandenen Techniken weiterhin zu verbessern, um das Anhaften von Festsetzungen in der Düse eines Bodenausgusses auf einfache und zuverlässige Weise zu minimieren, ohne dabei die Qualität der Metallschmelze bzw. des erstarrten Metalls zu beeinträchtigen.It is an object of the present invention to further improve the existing techniques to easily and reliably minimize the sticking of fixings in the nozzle of a floor spout without compromising the quality of the molten metal or solidified metal.
Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch die Merkmale der unabhängigen Ansprüche. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.The object is solved by the features of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments are specified in the subclaims.
Gemäß dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren zur Regelung des Durchflusses durch einen Bodenausguss eines metallurgischen Gefäßes mit einer im Boden des metallurgischen Gefäßes angeordneten oberen Düse und einer unterhalb der oberen Düse angeordneten unteren Düse, mit mindestens einer Inertgaseinlassöffnung und mit an oder in der unteren Düse angeordnetem Sensor zur Bestimmung der Schichtdicke von Festsetzungen in der Düse wird die Inertgaszufuhr in den Bodenausguss geregelt anhand der Messsignale des Sensors.According to the inventive method for regulating the flow through a bottom spout of a metallurgical vessel with a arranged in the bottom of the metallurgical vessel upper nozzle and a lower nozzle disposed below the lower nozzle, with at least one inert gas inlet and arranged at or in the lower nozzle sensor for determining the layer thickness of fixings in the nozzle, the inert gas supply is controlled in the bottom spout based on the measuring signals of the sensor.
Insbesondere wird ausgehend von einer vorhandenen Durchflussmenge des Inertgases oder einem vorhandenen Druck des Inertgases die Durchflussmenge und/oder der Druck solange reduziert, bis der Sensor eine Zunahme von Festsetzungen signalisiert und/oder die Durchflussmenge und/oder der Druck werden solange erhöht, bis der Sensor eine Abnahme oder eine Auflösung der Festsetzungen signalisiert. Dabei kann der Inergaszufluss auf ein Minimum herabgeregelt werden, so dass wenig Inertgas in die Metallschmelze geführt wird und in der Folge weniger Gaseinschlüsse in dem fertigen Metall, beispielsweise dem Stahl, vorhanden sind. Vorzugsweise wird als Sensor ein an oder in der Außenseite der unteren Düse angeordneter Temperatursensor verwendet. Die Messung kann auch induktiv, resistiv, mittels Ultraschall oder Röntgenstrahlen erfolgen. Zweckmäßig ist es, dass die Durchflussmenge und/oder der Druck so lange reduziert werden, bis die gemessene Wandtemperatur schneller sinkt als ein vorbestimmter Grenzwert der Abkühlung und/oder dass die Durchflussmenge und/oder der Druck solange erhöht werden, bis die gemessene Wandtemperatur weniger schnell sinkt als ein vorbestimmter Grenzwert der Abkühlung. Insbesondere kann es vorteilhaft sein, dass der Metallschmelzfluss mittels eines zwischen der oberen und der unteren Düse oder eines oberhalb der oberen Düse angeordneten Ventils geregelt wird. Im erstgenannten Fall wird zwischen der oberen und der unteren Düse ein Schieber-Ventil (Sliding Gate) verwendet, im letztgenannten Fall eine Stopfenstange (Stopper Rod). Zweckmäßig ist es, dass die Einleitung des Inertgases in die Durchflussöffnung des Bodenausgusses unterhalb der oberen Düse erfolgt. Vorzugsweise wird als Inertgas Argon verwendet.In particular, starting from an existing flow rate of the inert gas or an existing pressure of the inert gas, the flow rate and / or the pressure is reduced until the sensor signals an increase in determinations and / or the flow rate and / or the pressure are increased until the sensor indicates a decrease or a dissolution of the stipulations. In this case, the Inergaszufluss can be minimized to a minimum, so that little inert gas is fed into the molten metal and as a result less gas inclusions in the finished metal, such as steel, are available. Preferably, a temperature sensor arranged on or in the outside of the lower nozzle is used as the sensor. The measurement can also be made inductively, resistively, by means of ultrasound or X-rays. It is expedient that the flow rate and / or the pressure be reduced until the measured wall temperature decreases faster than a predetermined limit value of the cooling and / or that the flow rate and / or pressure are increased until the measured wall temperature is less rapid decreases as a predetermined limit of cooling. In particular, it may be advantageous for the molten metal flow to be regulated by means of a valve arranged between the upper and the lower nozzle or a valve arranged above the upper nozzle. In the former case, a slide valve (sliding gate) is used between the upper and lower nozzles, in the latter case a stopper rod. It is expedient that the introduction of the inert gas takes place in the flow opening of the bottom spout below the upper nozzle. Preferably, argon is used as the inert gas.
Erfindungsgemäß weist ein Bodenausguss für ein metallurgischen Gefäß zur Durchführung des Verfahrens eine im Boden eines metallurgischen Gefäßes angeordnete obere Düse und eine unterhalb der oberen Düse angeordnete untere Düse auf, wobei unterhalb der unteren Düse mindestens eine Inertgaseinlassöffnung in die Durchflussöffnung des Bodenausgusses mit eine Inertgasanschluss angeordnet ist und wobei an oder in der Außenseite der unteren Düse ein Sensor, vorzugsweise ein Temperatursensor, angeordnet ist zur Bestimmung der Schichtdicke von Festsetzungen (clogging) in der Düse und wobei der Sensor mit einem Inertgasdurchflußregler verbunden ist. Mindestens eine der Düsen kann zweckmäßigerweise eine Heizung aufweisen. Sinnvoll ist es, dass unterhalb oder oberhalb der oberen Düse ein Ventil (Schieber-Ventil bzw. Stopfenstange) zur Regelung des Metallschmelzflusses angeordnet ist.According to the invention, a bottom spout for a metallurgical vessel for carrying out the method comprises an upper nozzle arranged in the bottom of a metallurgical vessel and a lower nozzle arranged below the upper nozzle, wherein at least one inert gas inlet opening is arranged below the lower nozzle in the flow opening of the bottom spout with an inert gas connection and wherein on or in the outside of the lower nozzle a sensor, preferably a temperature sensor, is arranged for determining the layer thickness of clogging in the nozzle and wherein the sensor is provided with an inert gas flow regulator connected is. At least one of the nozzles may conveniently have a heater. It makes sense that below or above the upper nozzle a valve (slide valve or stopper rod) is arranged to control the molten metal flow.
Ein weiterer erfindungsgemäßer Bodenausguss für ein metallurgisches Gefäß mit einer im Boden eines metallurgischen Gefäßes angeordneten oberen Düse und einer unterhalb der oberen Düse angeordneten unteren Düse weist eine zumindest metallschmelzflussdicht ausgebildete Wand der Durchflussöffnung durch die Düsen auf und ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Düsen zumindest teilweise von einem gasdichten Gehäuse umgeben sind, dass das Gehäuse an seinem unteren Ende die untere Düse an ihrem Umfang gasdicht umschließt, wobei es mit einem Teil seiner Innenseite an der Außenseite der Düse anliegt und dass zwischen der Wand der Durchflussöffnung und dem Gehäuse ein thermisch isolierender Feststoff angeordnet ist. Der Begriff "zumindest teilweise" ist so zu verstehen, dass das Gehäuse die Düse natürlich zum Beispiel an ihren Öffungen nicht umgeben kann. Das Gehäuse verhindert den Gasdurchtritt, es wiest ein oberes und ein unteres Ende auf und ist dazwischen gasdicht. Mit dieser Anordnung weist der Bodenausguss zwei grundsätzliche Dichtungen auf, nämlich eine Schmelzflussdichtung im Bereich der Wand der Durchlauföffnung und eine Gasdichtung im kälteren, der Durchflussöffnung abgewandten Bereich des Bodenausgusses. Dadurch können für die Erzielung der Gasdichtheit weniger temperaturbeständige Materialien eingesetzt werden. Unter gasdicht ist dabei natürlich keine absolute Gasdichtheit zu verstehen, sondern ein geringer Gasfluss ist möglich, beispielsweise weniger als 10 ml/s, vorzugsweise weniger als 1 ml/s, insbesondere bevorzugt etwa in der Größenordnung 10-4 ml/s, abhängig von der Art und Lage der Dichtungen / Materialien. Ein solcher Wert ist um mindestens eine Größenordnung geringer als bei dem bekannten Stand der Technik. Diese Gasdichtheit (insbesondere Sauerstoffdichtheit) ist verantwortlich für die Minimierung der Festsetzungen (clogging).A further inventive bottom spout for a metallurgical vessel with an upper nozzle arranged in the bottom of a metallurgical vessel and a lower nozzle disposed below the upper nozzle has a wall of the flow opening through the nozzles formed at least in a molten metal flow-tight manner and is characterized in that the nozzles are at least partially separated from surrounded by a gas-tight housing, that the housing encloses at its lower end, the lower nozzle at its periphery gas-tight, wherein it rests with a part of its inner side on the outside of the nozzle and that a thermally insulating solid disposed between the wall of the flow opening and the housing is. The term "at least partially" is to be understood as meaning that the housing, of course, can not surround the nozzle, for example, at its orifices. The housing prevents the passage of gas, it has an upper and a lower end and is gas-tight in between. With this arrangement, the floor spout on two basic seals, namely a melt flow seal in the region of the wall of the flow opening and a gas seal in the colder, the flow opening facing away from the bottom spout. As a result, less temperature-resistant materials can be used to achieve the gas-tightness. Under gas-tight course, no absolute gas tightness is to be understood, but a small gas flow is possible, for example, less than 10 ml / s, preferably less than 1 ml / s, more preferably about the order of 10 -4 ml / s, depending on the Type and position of seals / materials. Such a value is at least an order of magnitude less than in the known prior art. This gas tightness (especially oxygen tightness) is responsible for minimizing clogging.
Das Gehäuse weist vorzugsweise mehrere miteinander gasdicht verbundene, vorzugsweise übereinander angeordnete Gehäuseteile auf, wobei mindestens ein Gehäuseteil mit der oberen Düse und/oder dem Boden des metallurgischen Gefäßes gasdicht verbunden ist, vorzugsweise dadurch, dass es mit einem Teil seiner Seitenfläche an der Außenseite der oberen Düse und/oder des Bodens anliegt. Zweckmäßig ist es weiterhin, dass oberhalb der oberen Düse oder zwischen der oberen und der unteren Düse ein Ventil zur Regelung des Metallschmelzflusses angeordnet ist. Im erstgenanten Fall ist das Ventil eine Stopfenstange, im zweiten Fall ein Schieber-Ventil. Innerhalb des Gehäuses oder in dem thermisch isolierenden Material ist vorzugsweise ein Sauerstoff-Gettermaterial, insbesondere aus der Gruppe Titanium, Aluminium, Magnesium oder Zirkonium angeordnet.The housing preferably has a plurality of gas-tight connected, preferably superimposed housing parts, wherein at least one housing part with the upper nozzle and / or the bottom of the metallurgical vessel is connected gas-tight, preferably by having a part of its side surface on the outside of the upper Nozzle and / or the soil is applied. It is expedient, furthermore, that a valve for regulating the molten metal flow is arranged above the upper nozzle or between the upper and the lower nozzle. In the former case, the valve is a stopper rod, in the second case a slide valve. Within the housing or in the thermally insulating material is preferably an oxygen getter material, in particular from the group of titanium, aluminum, magnesium or zirconium arranged.
Das Gehäuse ist zweckmäßigerweise mindestens teilweise rohrförmig (Hohlzylinder) oder konisch, vorzugsweise mit ovalem oder kreisförmigem Querschnitt ausgebildet. Das Gehäuse kann zweckmäßigerweise aus Stahl gebildet sein und das thermisch isolierende Material kann vorzugsweise Aluminiumoxid enthalten. Sinnvoll kann es sein, dass mindestens eine der Düsen eine Heizung aufweist.The housing is expediently at least partially tubular (hollow cylinder) or conical, preferably formed with an oval or circular cross-section. The housing may conveniently be formed of steel and the thermally insulating material may preferably contain alumina. It may make sense that at least one of the nozzles has a heater.
Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung beispielhaft anhand einer Zeichnung erläutert. In der Zeichnung zeigt:
Figur 1- einen Bodenausguss zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens,
Figur 2- ein Temperatur/Druck-Zeitdiagramm,
Figur 3- einen erfindungsgemäß abgedichteten Bodenausguss.
- FIG. 1
- a floor spout for carrying out the method according to the invention,
- FIG. 2
- a temperature / pressure time diagram,
- FIG. 3
- a sealed according to the invention bottom spout.
Der in
In
Der in
Die obere Düse 3 kann aus Zirkondioxid gebildet sein, die untere Düse aus Aluminiumoxid. Schaumförmiges Aluminiumoxid mit einer niedrigen Dichte und geschlossenen Poren kann ebenfalls verwendet werden, ebenso wie Aluminiumoxid-Graphit, andere feuerfeste schaumförmige oder Fasermaterialien. In dem thermisch isolierenden Material der unteren Düse 7 oder zwischen der unteren Düse 7 und dem Gehäuseteil 14a kann ein Sauerstoffgettermaterial, beispielsweise Titanium, Aluminium, Magnesium, Yttrium oder Zirkonium angeordnet sein als Mischung mit dem feuerfesten isolierenden Material oder als sepatates Teil.The
Der erfindungsgemäße Bodenausguss weist eine wesentlich geringere Leckrate auf als bekannte Systeme. Typ-1- bzw. Typ-2-Dichtungen weisen eine Leckrate von etwa 103 bis 104 bzw. 102 bis 103 ml/s auf und Standardmaterialien für die Typ-3-Dichtungen führen zu Leckraten von etwa 10 bis 100 ml/s. Typ-4-Dichtungen führen zu einer Leckrate von vernachlässigbaren weniger als 10-6 ml/s, wenn Metall (beispielsweise Stahl) als Material verwendet wird. Typ-5- und Typ-6-Dichtungen können bei Verwendung von Polymermaterial eine Leckrate von etwa 10-4 ml/s und bei Verwendung von entsprechend geeigneten Graphitdichtungen von etwa 1 ml/s erreichen. Typ-7-Dichtungen sind ähnlich einer Kombination aus Typ-3- und Typ-4-Dichtungen und können eine Leckrate von etwa 1 bis 10 ml/s erreichen. Die Leckraten beziehen sich auf den Betriebszustand des Bodenausgusses.
Die normierte Leckrate (Nml/s) = Leckrate (ml/s) x pavg/1atm x 273K/Tavg
Pavg = (Pin + Pout/2 <atm>
Tavg = (Tin + Tout)/2 <K>
avg = Durchschnittswert.
Damit ist die normierte Leckrate gemäß der Erfindung in der Größenordnung von etwa 1 bis 10Nml/s, während die Kombination von Typ-1-, Typ-2- und Typ-3-Dichtungen bestenfalls zu 150 Nml/s führt.The floor drain according to the invention has a significantly lower leakage rate than known systems.
The normalized leak rate (Nml / s) = Leak rate (ml / s) xp avg / 1 atm x 273 K / avg
P avg = (P in + P out / 2 <atm>
T avg = (T in + T out ) / 2 <K>
avg = average value.
Thus, the normalized leak rate according to the invention is on the order of about 1 to 10 nml / s, while the combination of
Claims (23)
- Method for controlling the flow through a bottom drain of a metallurgical vessel with an upper nozzle (3) arranged in the bottom (1) of the metallurgical vessel and with a lower nozzle (7) arranged below the upper nozzle (3), with at least one inert gas inlet opening (13) and with a sensor (10) arranged on or in the lower nozzle (7) by means of which the layer thickness of deposits in the nozzle is determined, wherein the inert gas supply into the bottom drain is controlled on the basis of the measuring signals of the sensor (10).
- Method according to claim 1, characterized in that, based on an existing flow volume of the inert gas or an existing pressure of the inert gas, the flow volume and/or the pressure are reduced until the sensor (10) signals an increase in deposits and/or the flow volume and/or the pressure are increased until the sensor (10) signals a decrease or a decomposition of the deposits.
- Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a temperature sensor is used as sensor (10) arranged on or in the outside of the lower nozzle (7).
- Method according to claim 3, characterized in that the flow volume and/or the pressure are reduced until the measured wall temperature decreases faster than a predetermined limit value of cooling and/or that the flow volume and/or the pressure are increased until the measured wall temperature decreases less fast than a predetermined limit value of cooling.
- Method according to any one of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the metal melt flow can be controlled by means of a valve (6) arranged above or below the upper nozzle (3).
- Method according to any one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the inert gas is introduced into the flow opening of the bottom drain below the upper nozzle (3).
- Method according to any one of the claims 1 to 6, characterized in that argon is used as the inert gas.
- Bottom drain for a metallurgical vessel to carry out the method according to any one of the claims 1 to 7, with an upper nozzle (3) arranged in the bottom (1) of a metallurgical vessel and with a lower nozzle (7) arranged below the upper nozzle (3), wherein at least one inert gas inlet opening (13) with an inert gas connection is arranged below the upper nozzle (3), wherein a sensor (10) is arranged on or in the outside of the lower nozzle (7) for the determination of the layer thickness of deposits in the nozzle, and wherein the sensor is connected with an inert gas flow regulator.
- Bottom drain according to claim 8, characterized in that the sensor (10) is a temperature sensor.
- Bottom drain according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that at least one of the nozzles (3; 7) has a heating (4).
- Bottom drain according to any one of the claims 8 to 10, characterized in that a valve (6) for controlling the metal melt flow is arranged above or below the upper nozzle (3).
- Bottom drain for a metallurgical vessel, with an upper nozzle (3) arranged in the bottom (1) of a metallurgical vessel and with a lower nozzle (7) arranged below the upper nozzle (3), wherein the wall of the flow opening through the nozzles (3; 7) is designed at least metal melt flow-proof, wherein the nozzles (3; 7) are encompassed at least partially by a gastight housing (14), wherein the housing (14) on its lower end gastightly encompasses the lower nozzle (7) on its circumference, characterized in that the housing (14) rests with one part of its inside against the outside of the nozzle (7) and that a thermally insulating solid matter is arranged between the wall of the flow opening and the housing (14).
- Bottom drain according to claim 12, characterized in that the housing (14) comprises a plurality of housing parts (14a; 14b) gastightly connected with each other, wherein at least one housing part (14b) is gastightly connected with the upper nozzle (3) and/or the bottom (1).
- Bottom drain according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that a valve (6) for regulating the metal melt flow is arranged above the upper nozzle (3) or between the upper and the lower nozzle.
- Bottom drain according to any one of the claims 12 to 14, characterized in that a getter material is arranged within the housing (14) or in the thermally insulating solid matter.
- Bottom drain according to any one of the claims 12 to 15, characterized in that at least one part of the housing (14) is tubular or conical in design.
- Bottom drain according to any one of the claims 12 to 16, characterized in that the housing (14) is made of steel.
- Bottom drain according to any one of the claims 12 to 17, characterized in that at least one of the nozzles (3; 7) comprises a heating (4).
- Bottom drain according to claim 13, characterized in that the housing (14) comprises housing parts (14a; 14b) arranged on top of each other.
- Bottom drain according to claim 13, characterized in that the housing part (14b) rests, with one part of its side face, against the outside of the upper nozzle (3) and/or of the bottom (1).
- Bottom drain according to claim 15, characterized in that the getter material is made from the group of titanium, aluminum, magnesium or zirconium.
- Bottom drain according to claim 16, characterized in that the tubular or conical part of the housing (14) is designed with an oval or circular cross-section.
- Bottom drain according to any one of the claims 12 to 17, characterized in that the thermally insulating solid matter predominantly includes aluminum oxide.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL05024382T PL1661645T3 (en) | 2004-11-26 | 2005-11-09 | Process for regulating the flow rate and bottom tap hole for metallurgical vessel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102004057381A DE102004057381A1 (en) | 2004-11-26 | 2004-11-26 | Method for controlling the flow and bottom outlet for a metallurgical vessel |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1661645A2 EP1661645A2 (en) | 2006-05-31 |
EP1661645A3 EP1661645A3 (en) | 2006-11-08 |
EP1661645B1 true EP1661645B1 (en) | 2008-12-10 |
Family
ID=36097343
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP05024382A Not-in-force EP1661645B1 (en) | 2004-11-26 | 2005-11-09 | Process for regulating the flow rate and bottom tap hole for metallurgical vessel |
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Country | Link |
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US (2) | US8273288B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1661645B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4658785B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR101092125B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1781626B (en) |
AR (1) | AR051232A1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE416866T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2005234658B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0505332A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2523666C (en) |
DE (2) | DE102004057381A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2319309T3 (en) |
MX (1) | MXPA05012744A (en) |
PL (1) | PL1661645T3 (en) |
PT (1) | PT1661645E (en) |
RU (2) | RU2381869C2 (en) |
UA (2) | UA80339C2 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA200509511B (en) |
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-
2004
- 2004-11-26 DE DE102004057381A patent/DE102004057381A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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2005
- 2005-10-17 CA CA2523666A patent/CA2523666C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-10-21 AR ARP050104416A patent/AR051232A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2005-11-02 CN CN200510119385.4A patent/CN1781626B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-11-09 PT PT05024382T patent/PT1661645E/en unknown
- 2005-11-09 EP EP05024382A patent/EP1661645B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2005-11-09 PL PL05024382T patent/PL1661645T3/en unknown
- 2005-11-09 AT AT05024382T patent/ATE416866T1/en active
- 2005-11-09 ES ES05024382T patent/ES2319309T3/en active Active
- 2005-11-09 DE DE502005006195T patent/DE502005006195D1/en active Active
- 2005-11-17 AU AU2005234658A patent/AU2005234658B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2005-11-22 UA UAA200511084A patent/UA80339C2/en unknown
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- 2005-11-23 US US11/286,508 patent/US8273288B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 2005-11-24 BR BRPI0505332-3A patent/BRPI0505332A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-11-25 RU RU2005136813/02A patent/RU2381869C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-11-25 MX MXPA05012744A patent/MXPA05012744A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2005-11-25 KR KR1020050113826A patent/KR101092125B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-11-28 JP JP2005342085A patent/JP4658785B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20100147904A1 (en) | 2010-06-17 |
RU2005136813A (en) | 2007-05-27 |
US8273288B2 (en) | 2012-09-25 |
CA2523666A1 (en) | 2006-05-26 |
AU2005234658A1 (en) | 2006-06-15 |
MXPA05012744A (en) | 2006-07-10 |
JP4658785B2 (en) | 2011-03-23 |
CA2523666C (en) | 2010-06-01 |
ATE416866T1 (en) | 2008-12-15 |
JP2006150453A (en) | 2006-06-15 |
EP1661645A3 (en) | 2006-11-08 |
CN1781626B (en) | 2014-04-16 |
US8012405B2 (en) | 2011-09-06 |
PT1661645E (en) | 2009-03-17 |
PL1661645T3 (en) | 2009-05-29 |
EP1661645A2 (en) | 2006-05-31 |
KR20060059219A (en) | 2006-06-01 |
AU2005234658B2 (en) | 2008-01-17 |
US20060113059A1 (en) | 2006-06-01 |
RU2381869C2 (en) | 2010-02-20 |
DE102004057381A1 (en) | 2006-06-01 |
ZA200509511B (en) | 2006-08-30 |
KR101092125B1 (en) | 2011-12-12 |
ES2319309T3 (en) | 2009-05-06 |
UA80339C2 (en) | 2007-09-10 |
BRPI0505332A (en) | 2006-07-11 |
RU2433887C2 (en) | 2011-11-20 |
DE502005006195D1 (en) | 2009-01-22 |
RU2009135250A (en) | 2011-03-27 |
UA85630C2 (en) | 2009-02-10 |
CN1781626A (en) | 2006-06-07 |
AR051232A1 (en) | 2006-12-27 |
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