EP1654040B1 - Lifting auxiliary - Google Patents
Lifting auxiliary Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1654040B1 EP1654040B1 EP04738123A EP04738123A EP1654040B1 EP 1654040 B1 EP1654040 B1 EP 1654040B1 EP 04738123 A EP04738123 A EP 04738123A EP 04738123 A EP04738123 A EP 04738123A EP 1654040 B1 EP1654040 B1 EP 1654040B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- profile
- climbing
- drive
- force transmission
- arrangement according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
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- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005339 levitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06C—LADDERS
- E06C1/00—Ladders in general
- E06C1/02—Ladders in general with rigid longitudinal member or members
- E06C1/38—Special constructions of ladders, e.g. ladders with more or less than two longitudinal members, ladders with movable rungs or other treads, longitudinally-foldable ladders
- E06C1/381—Ladders with rungs or treads attached only to one rigid longitudinal member
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06C—LADDERS
- E06C1/00—Ladders in general
- E06C1/02—Ladders in general with rigid longitudinal member or members
- E06C1/04—Ladders for resting against objects, e.g. walls poles, trees
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B27/00—Apparatus for climbing poles, trees, or the like
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an arrangement or a climbing aid for ascending and / or descending at least one person according to the preamble of claim 1.
- ladders are permanently mounted so that, for example, maintenance and repair work can be carried out at any time.
- high-voltage masts are used for the power supply, which are often provided with fixed mounted ladders.
- a device for covering vertically upwardly directed distances In this case, an actuatable by muscle force climbing aid is described, which is like a caterpillar on a fixedly mounted ladder upwards or downwards movable.
- gripper elements On the caterpillars gripper elements are arranged, which can each engage in the rungs of the ladder.
- these gripper elements are not arranged exactly analogous to the rung spacings, there is either the risk of blocking the upward movement or, after each intervention of a gripper in a rung is a jerky downward movement. Due to the stated construction, the proposed device is probably hardly suitable to make a contribution to the initially mentioned problem.
- U.S. Patent 4,828,072 a rescue device such as a rescue glider or a rescue lift, which on a house facade on a rack-like sliding surface up and down can be moved.
- a rescue device such as a rescue glider or a rescue lift, which on a house facade on a rack-like sliding surface up and down can be moved.
- the person to be rescued is held by means of a belt system on the glider or lift, wherein in the following automatically responsive braking systems are provided to allow a safe rescue of a person.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to propose a climbing aid, in particular for overcoming high altitudes, in which the danger of falling is greatly reduced, which facilitates climbing and dismounting, and because it is ergonomically correct in use, less strenuous and therefore more work efficient.
- the proposed arrangement or the system basically consists of two elements - a rail-like, longitudinally extended profile and the actual climbing aid.
- the longitudinally extended, rail-like profile is as simple a profile as possible, which can preferably be firmly attached to an object to be climbed, such as a high-voltage mast, a mast of a cable car, etc.
- the profile has guide elements, such as at least one along the profile longitudinally extending guide section , suitable for holding and guiding the climbing aid, as well as a lot, suitable for power transmission or the recording of a power transmission from the at least one climbing aid.
- the power transmission section or, if appropriate, the guide section may have, for example, rack-like or grid-like longitudinal elements.
- the climbing aid consists of at least two climbing consoles, comprising at least one platform, and at least one safety device and / or handle and at least one in or on the guide section and / or the power transmission section of the longitudinal profile on or attacking force transmission element and a holding or securing member to Holding and / or guiding the climbing consoles on the rail-like profile.
- the force transmission element is, for example, a rotatable or rotatable element engaging in the rack-like or grid-like section. Further provided is a holding member to hold the power transmission element in or on the guide portion of the profile.
- the climbing aid may be formed in two or more parts and has according to a preferred embodiment, a right and a left climbing console, which are the same but mirror-inverted.
- the left and right brackets each consist of a footrest and a handle.
- the footrest is designed, for example, as a small platform with possibly one belt, for example, for lifting the console when climbing.
- the foot stands on the platform and is optionally fixed at the top with the strap.
- the right hand console of the climbing aid slides and / or rolls upwards without resistance. Now you load the left side and lift the left arm and foot, the left console of the climbing aid slides and / or rolls upwards. So you can alternately alternately on the left and right side climb up and is always firmly connected via the climbing aid with the rail-like profile.
- the user has the option of securing himself to the climbing aid by means of a fall protection harness or safety harness.
- the gear runs automatically via a freewheel without resistance.
- the gear is for example connected to an electric motor or a rotary damper or similar drive, which runs during the climb because of the freewheel without resistance. During descent, the drive or the rotary damper can only rotate with the set torque.
- the descent is preferably possible only at the predetermined speed.
- the brake is usually always attracted and thus acts automatically, but is thus unfolded by the intended freewheel up against no effect on the ascent. If the user wants to dismount, he releases the brake and the climbing aid or the two consoles slide automatically downwards, controlled preferably by the current drive or damper with the specified speed. During the descent, the brakes of both brackets of the climbing aid are released at the same time and you slide down as long as the brakes are solved. Failure of a damper, safety is still granted by the other elements, such as brakes and dampers like and / or the other console. If a brake fails, the same applies. The safety of the climbing aid or the two consoles is thus at least twice per page and thus at least four times in the system or the arrangement.
- the power transmission elements are connected to drive motors, such as battery-powered electric motors or linear motors, which support the rise, for example, by raising the weight of the climbing aid. If, for example, the right side of the climbing aid is relieved by lifting the foot, this side of the climbing aid glides without great resistance and also supported by the drive motor upwards. Subsequently, the right side is loaded and relieved by lifting the left foot, the left side, whereby this side again slides by supporting another drive motor automatically upwards.
- gears for example, these are each connected to one or more, for example battery-powered electric motors, which automatically raise the weight of the climbing aid during the ascent.
- the drive so that more or less the weight of the climbing aid is driven by the drive motors upwards.
- the drive can be designed such that the climbing aid or the two consoles in the sense of a lift are operable and thus a self-actuation of the person using the lift completely eliminated.
- the mentioned drive motors are needed during descent as generators, which can rotate, for example, with a preset speed.
- the descent is secured at a predetermined speed, and in addition to the drive motors so yes, as mentioned above, each side additional braking systems.
- the rail-like profile is preferably designed in several parts and can be joined together and firmly attached to a mast, which of course also loosely attachable to an object profiles are possible.
- a longitudinal expansion or contraction of the profiles may occur, which can be absorbed, for example, by the insertion of changeable in length connecting pieces.
- These connecting pieces may, for example, be designed to be elastic in the longitudinal direction or may have mechanically interlocking guide elements which have a longitudinal extent or contraction of the Allow connection element.
- the rail-like profile has the mentioned guide parts, in or on which the climbing aid or the two brackets are mounted and the up or down, for example via the aforementioned power transmission elements, such as the gears, is made possible.
- the profile is preferably constructed so that it can be produced as a simple extruded profile without much rework.
- the most important advantage of the mentioned arrangement or the climbing aid are the much higher security compared to comparable systems, such as ladders, the ergonomically improved operation of the user and the time savings during the ascent and / or descent, as well as cost savings in investment and application.
- Another advantage is that the inventive arrangement can not be climbed without the use of the climbing aid.
- the rail-like profiles can not be climbed by unauthorized persons in high-voltage masts.
- even climbing by unauthorized persons is not possible, if one at one High-voltage mast working Servicemonteur in the upper section of the mast is active.
- the climbing aid proposed by the invention When using the climbing aid proposed by the invention as a lift, it is also possible to carry out material transports, or transports, for example, of injured persons.
- a rail-like profile for example on the outer facade of a high building, and in the case of, for example, a conflagration, to rescue persons from the upper area of the building.
- the strength of the drive motors, which are provided on the climbing aid allow the passenger transport, and preferably also be operated remotely.
- the fire brigade can even reach the upper floors of a tall building when the staircase is no longer accessible, and there people can be transported safely down the climbing aid and / or safely reach the best possible location for firefighting.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows in perspective an inventive arrangement consisting essentially of a leksausstrieben, rail-like profile 1, and the two climbing brackets 13 and 15, by means of which the ascending and descending is made possible on a generally high object.
- the rail-like, longitudinally extended profile 1 which is formed in cross-section, for example U-shaped, has at the two U-legs each a screening 9 and 11, respectively.
- the profile itself may, as mentioned above, firmly attached to the object to be climbed, such as a high-voltage mast, or can be made loose to the object in terms of a ladder.
- a transverse to the rail-like profile 1 extending support leg 3 may be provided, which for example, is mounted on height-adjustable stand aids 5 and 7.
- the climbing aid consists of the two climbing brackets 13 and 15, which have at their upper end for the transmission per gear-like engaging elements or rollers 17 and 19, which may be one, two or more gears.
- a guide member 22 or 24 is provided to hold the gears or rollers fixed in the grids 9 and 11 respectively.
- the two climbing consoles each have at their upper end a handle 21 or 23 with brake handles 61 and 63, to which a person can hold, which uses the climbing aid.
- At the lower end of the two consoles each have a platform 25 and 27 are provided, on which the person can stand.
- guide members 26 and 28 are provided to hold the console on the longitudinal profile 1.
- FIG. 2 The two upper guides of the consoles are shown in enlargement.
- the two guides of the brackets 13 and 15 each have two rotatable in the profile longitudinal direction gears 33 and 35 and 34 and 36, which are each connected on the one hand with a rotary damper 37 and 38, and which depending in the downhill profile, for example by means of a brake, are blockable , In the climbing direction or upward direction, however, the gears are freely movable or rotatable.
- Rotary damper usually contain with an inert liquid - usually silicone oil - damped rotating vanes, the liquid medium through a throttle or a gap is displaced.
- the braking torque is determined by the viscosity of the oil and the cross section of the throttle. In this way, the torque of the rotary damper can be adjusted individually.
- FIG. 3 also shows a section of the arrangement according to FIG. 1 namely the two platforms 25 and 27, but slightly differently designed.
- the two platforms 25 and 27 are off FIG. 3 each provided with a foot strap 30 and 32, for example, for the rise of a person using the climbing aid.
- the person holds on to the two handles 21 and 23.
- For the upgrade now raises the person now the right hand on the handle 21 and the foot, standing on the platform 25.
- the brake connected to the gear 36 of the left console is a backward movement the console 15 prevents.
- the two gears 33 and 35 are freely rotatable in the climbing direction, so that the console 13 can be easily lifted.
- an eddy current brake can be used, a centrifugal brake, an electric motor, preferably operated as a generator, or other suitable means for damping resp. Delaying the downward movement.
- FIGs 4, 4a, 4b and 4c show a further embodiment of an inventive arrangement, wherein the three views 4a to 4c focus on the two above terminally arranged on the consoles guides 39 and 40. It shows FIG. 4a the two guides in front view of the rail-shaped profile, FIG. 4b is a perspective view and Figure 4c shows a cross-sectional view of the two guides seen from above.
- the rail-like profile 1 is preferably U-shaped in cross-section, in which case tube-like profiles 41 and 43 are now each terminally formed on the two U-legs, which serve as guide parts.
- the grid-like power transmission points 42 and 44 are each arranged on the two U-legs.
- the two consoles, each having two longitudinally formed, rod-like connecting legs 51 and 53 at the lower end turn the foot platforms, not shown, are arranged in the guide units 39 and 40 per gears 45 and 47, which engage in the latches 42 and 44 respectively.
- retaining rollers 71 and 73 each on both sides arranged the tube profiles 41 and 43, the gears 45 and 47 are held in the latches, and disengagement of the gears from the latches is prevented or made impossible.
- FIG. 4b shows the two above guide units 39 and 40 seen in a lateral perspective slightly from above, in particular, the engagement of the two gears is visible in the grids.
- Figure 4c shows finally a cross section seen from above, wherein it is clearly visible how the two gears 45 and 47 are held in the latches 42 and 44 by the retaining rollers 71 and 73.
- FIGS. 5 and 6 Further embodiments of the inventive arrangement are shown, wherein the representations in the FIGS. 5 and 6 more than so-called design studies are to be understood. They are supposed to show that with reference to the FIGS. 1 to 4 illustrated embodiments according to the invention can be x-modified or modified as desired.
- FIG. 7b schematically in perspective the arrangement of holding or guiding rollers 141 and 143 shown analogous to the guide rollers 71 and 73 in Fig. 4c which are each guided on guide parts 103 and 105.
- gears 117 and 119 are held firmly in the grids 109 of the profile 1.
- Fig. 7a it may be advantageous to arrange along the profile 1 from time to time handle-like holding or safety bars 133, as in Fig. 7a shown, for example, to serve to secure the climbing aid, or for hanging example of additional ladders, as later with reference to FIG. 13 is explained in more detail.
- the arrangement of such handles or bars 133 is preferably carried out in the region of connections 121 of two profile pieces 1 'and 1 ", as in the FIGS. 7a and 7b shown schematically.
- These connecting elements 121 can be designed to be both elastic and rigid.
- each side of a connecting web 209, two tubular profiles 203 and 205 are provided, each having longitudinally formed guide parts 204, 206, 208 and 210 for guiding or for the power consumption of guide or driving rollers 219th
- guide or driving rollers 219th For the sake of simplicity and the better Overview, was dispensed with the representation of the climbing aid or the consoles and only the drive or guide rollers 219 schematically in FIG. 8b in side perspective and in FIG. 8c shown in perspective from above.
- the rollers 219 are driven against the guide parts 204, 206, 208 and 210, so that a sufficient power transmission is ensured both during ascent and during descent.
- the rollers may be connected to return brakes, etc., to allow for ascent and descent, respectively, as with reference to FIGS FIGS. 1 to 4 described in detail.
- rollers instead of in the FIGS. 8a to 8c shown rollers, it is also possible to provide caterpillar-type power transmission elements, as shown schematically in the FIGS. 9a to 9c shown.
- a longitudinally elongated, rail-like profile 1 is provided with the laterally disposed tubular profiles 253 and 255, which each have an oval cross-section.
- Caterpillar-like elements 261 and 263 are arranged on these tube-like profiles, wherein preferably one bead is arranged on each of both sides of the tube-like profiles, in particular in FIG FIG. 9c clearly recognizable, so as to ensure that a safe power transmission and leadership is guaranteed.
- FIGS. 8a to 8c and 9a and 9c serve primarily to demonstrate that not necessarily gears or racks are to be used for the transmission of power from the climbing aid to the rail-like profile. It is quite also possible to provide rollers, wheels, caterpillars, etc. for power transmission.
- Fig. 10a to 10c will be further illustrated schematically that the use of linear motors is possible.
- the power transmission takes place without contact, as is well known to drive by means of so-called electromagnetically controlled levitation.
- the linear motor generates a longitudinal magnetic field so as to pull the consoles over the respective climbing distance.
- linear motors will not be discussed at this point, since this is well known from the literature.
- Fig. 10a now shows a climbing bracket 13, which is held on a longitudinal profile 1 and the two linear motors 113 and 123 has.
- the console 13 is held on the profile 1.
- a platform 25 is provided, which is held on an eyelet 331 via tethers 321 on the console 13.
- Fig. 10b shows the console Fig. 10a in perspective in a slightly rotated position, so that the two linear motors 113 and 123 are better visible.
- Fig. 10c finally shows in top view in section the console 13, as it is held on the profile 1. It can be seen in particular how the console is held by means of the guide rollers 71 and 72 on the tubular guide parts 41 of the profile 1.
- the two unrecognizable linear motors 113 and 123 can For example, be controlled electronically by means of a controller 114, wherein the control can be done either automatically or by pressing appropriate switching elements, for example, on the handle 21st
- Fig. 11 shows in perspective a further embodiment of an inventive arrangement or an inventive climbing aid.
- the representation is analogous to that in Fig. 1 chosen, and accordingly two climbing aids 13 and 15 are provided, by means of which the up and dismounting along a rail-like profile 1, for example, mounted on a high-voltage mast, to be made possible.
- the power transmission takes place at the upper part of the two climbing aids via gears 17 and 19 and in addition, more gears 16 and 18 are provided in the lower area depending Steigkonsolen.
- the two climbing aids are using the already with reference to Fig. 1 mentioned guide members 22 and 24 and 26 and 28 held on the rail-like profile 1.
- the two climbing aids 13 and 15 additionally drive motors, which should support a simplified ascent by means of the erfindungsgemässen.Steigzz.
- the two motors 302 and 306 are provided, which are each connected via a gear 301 and 305 each with the two gears, for example via an angle gear.
- the two lower gears 16 and 18 are driven by a drive motor 304 and 308 as needed which are optionally each connected via a transmission gear 303 and 307 with the gears.
- a direct drive without gear is possible.
- the primary purpose of the drive motors is to drive the climbing aid without much resistance and support it upwards, in that the self-weight of the climbing aids is automatically raised during the ascent.
- a person wants to rise upright on the two platforms 25 and 27 along the profile 1, he lifts, for example, the foot on the right side on the platform 25, as a result of which the two drive motors 302 and 304 are activated.
- This can on the one hand via a contact or a switch in the region of the bracket 341 or 343 between climbing aid 13, respectively. 15 and platform 25 resp. 27, or by relieving of tethers 321 and 323, which at a holding lug 331 on the climbing aid 13, respectively. 15 be held.
- the triggering of the drive is also possible by means of electronic control.
- the drive motors such as battery powered electric motors 302 and 304, at least push up the weight of the climbing aid, the Rise considerably simplified.
- the driving force can even be chosen such that the climbing aid according to the invention can be operated as a lift, so that persons can be conveyed upwards or downwards without any own operation.
- the drive motors can be turned off, and the descent is as described above and described by the preceding figures. It is also possible that the drive motors act as generators and power is recovered, for example, in a battery, such as a battery or a so-called Supercap (SCAP). This makes it possible that with the same battery charge several climbs can be performed in succession, without the batteries are rechargeable. The power loss per rise is greatly reduced by the recovery and greatly increased the range of action of the arrangement described in the invention. Optionally, the recovery is even higher than the consumption.
- SCAP Supercap
- Another advantage of using the drive or electric motors described in the invention is that, for example, using a remote control, the inventive arrangement or the climbing aid can be moved without user.
- the remote control for empty runs for both the ascent and the descent is possible.
- the speeds of the drive motors can be regulated, so that the ascent as well as the descent speed can be regulated.
- the fire brigade when breaking out of a conflagration, can reach the upper part of the high building by means of the climbing aid and either rescue persons, ie transport persons to be rescued by means of the climbing aid, or transport injured persons downwards, in which case the climbing aid can be controlled remotely . It is also it is possible to arrange a riser parallel to the profile, with which the fire brigade, who has climbed the building by means of a climbing aid, can connect hoses in the upper area to the riser and thus start the extinguishing process.
- FIG. 12 shows a possible application of the inventive arrangements on a high voltage mast.
- the longitudinally extended rail profile is arranged and a person climbing the high-voltage mast can ascend by means of the climbing aid along the rail profile. It is, as in FIG. 12 it is possible, for example, for two or more persons to climb up the mast along the rail according to the invention as defined by climbing aids.
- FIGS. 13a to 13c show in part FIG. 12 the location of the high-voltage mast 81, where one of the two in FIG. 12 ascending persons shown. It shows FIG. 13a a view from the side, 13b is a perspective view and 13c is a rear view of the person.
- another safety device such as a fall arrest strap 85
- FIG. 14 schematically shows the possibility of using a safety ladder 91, which can be attached or attached to handrails 133, as shown in FIGS FIGS. 7a and 7b , If, for example, a high-voltage mast 81 has to be climbed without the presence of climbing aids, it is nevertheless possible to climb by means of manual ladders 91, in each case by a ladder as in FIGS Figures 14a or 14b can be hung and another ladder can be followed from below. This further conductor can then be hung or secured to support rods 133, which above the in the Figures 14a and 14b arranged ladder are mounted on the rail-like profile.
- FIGS. 1 to 14 illustrated arrangements or embodiments of the climbing aids and rail-like profiles are of course only examples, which can be modified, supplemented or modified in any desired manner.
- FIGS. 12 and 13 shown application shows only one possible example and of course the proposed arrangement according to the invention can be used on other objects, such as masts of cable cars, on silos, on house walls, in shafts, etc. It is also possible to arrange such an arrangement in the sense of a fire escape on a house wall, which fire ladder can serve both for the rescue of persons down as well as for the rise of firefighters up.
- the climbing aid is preferably formed in one piece, which in turn is connected via power transmission elements with a rail-like profile and is provided with a brake, as well as with a rotary damper or an electric motor or linear motor brake.
- the climbing aid can preferably be operated remotely as a lift. However, this may also be useful or necessary in certain cases when used on high voltage pylons, masts of cable cars, etc.
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- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- Types And Forms Of Lifts (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
- Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)
- Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Anordnung bzw. eine Steighilfe zum Auf- und/oder Absteigen mindestens einer Person gemäss dem Oberbegriff nach Anspruch 1.The present invention relates to an arrangement or a climbing aid for ascending and / or descending at least one person according to the preamble of
Überall wo grosse Höhen zu überwinden sind wie an Kaminen, hohen Gebäuden, Silos, Seilbahnmasten, Sendeantennen, Windkraftmaschinen, Hochspannungsmasten, Kränen und dgl. werden in der Regel Leitern fest montiert, so dass beispielsweise jederzeit Wartungs- und Reparaturarbeiten durchgeführt werden können. Beispielsweise sind allein in Deutschland weit über 1 Million Hochspannungsmaste für die Stromversorgung im Einsatz, welche oft mit fest montierten Leitern versehen sind.Wherever high altitudes have to be overcome, such as at chimneys, tall buildings, silos, cable car masts, transmitting antennas, wind power machines, pylons, cranes and the like. As a rule, ladders are permanently mounted so that, for example, maintenance and repair work can be carried out at any time. For example, in Germany alone well over 1 million high-voltage masts are used for the power supply, which are often provided with fixed mounted ladders.
Die Unfallstatistik für Leitern und Tritte nennt in Deutschland jährlich ca. 40'000 Absturzunfälle - 40 davon enden tödlich. Das Auf- und Absteigen von Leitern ist gefährlich; so ergab eine Untersuchung der Technischen Hochschule Darmstadt, dass ca. 70% der Unfälle in Verbindung mit Leitern erfolgten, welche fest montiert sind, wobei Benutzer oft abgestürzt sind. Es gibt viele verschiedene Leitertypen, welche hauptsächlich durch das Sprossenprinzip funktionieren. Der Benutzer muss sich beim Auf- und Abstieg mit Händen und Füssen von einer zur nächsten Sprosse tasten - ein Danebentreten/-greifen ist somit immer möglich.The accident statistics for ladders and steps calls in Germany about 40,000 crash accidents every year - 40 of which are deadly. Getting on and off ladders is dangerous; According to a study by the Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences, about 70% of the accidents were in connection with ladders, which are permanently mounted, whereby users often crashed. There are many different ladder types, which mainly work by the rung principle. The user has to feel his way with his hands and feet from one rung to the next during the ascent and descent - a Danebentreten / -greifen is thus always possible.
Aus der
Im Weiteren beschreibt das
Eine weitere Steighilfe wird in
Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht nun darin, eine Steighilfe, insbesondere für die Überwindung grosser Höhen vorzuschlagen, bei welcher die Absturzgefahr stark verringert wird, das Auf- und Absteigen vereinfacht, und, da im Gebrauch ergonomisch richtig, weniger anstrengend und damit arbeitseffizienter ist.The object of the present invention is therefore to propose a climbing aid, in particular for overcoming high altitudes, in which the danger of falling is greatly reduced, which facilitates climbing and dismounting, and because it is ergonomically correct in use, less strenuous and therefore more work efficient.
Erfindungsgemäss wird die gestellte Aufgabe mittels einer Anordnung gemäss dem Wortlaut nach Anspruch 1 gelöst.According to the invention, the object is achieved by means of an arrangement according to the wording of
Die vorgeschlagene Anordnung bzw. das System besteht grundsätzlich aus zwei Elementen - einem schienenartig, längsausgedehnten Profil und der eigentlichen Steighilfe. Das längsausgedehnte, schienenartige Profil ist ein möglichst einfaches Profil, welches vorzugsweise fest an einem zu besteigenden Objekt befestigt werden kann, wie beispielsweise einem Hochspannungsmast, einem Mast einer Seilbahn, etc. Das Profil weist Führungselemente, wie mindestens eine sich entlang dem Profil längserstreckende Führungspartie auf, geeignet zum Halten und Führen der Steighilfe, sowie eine Partie, geeignet für die Kraftübertragung bzw. die Aufnahme einer Kraftübertragung von der mindestens einen Steighilfe. Gemäss einer Ausführungsvariante kann die Kraftübertragungspartie bzw. gegebenenfalls die Führungspartie beispielsweise zahnstangenartige oder rasterartige Längselemente aufweisen.The proposed arrangement or the system basically consists of two elements - a rail-like, longitudinally extended profile and the actual climbing aid. The longitudinally extended, rail-like profile is as simple a profile as possible, which can preferably be firmly attached to an object to be climbed, such as a high-voltage mast, a mast of a cable car, etc. The profile has guide elements, such as at least one along the profile longitudinally extending guide section , suitable for holding and guiding the climbing aid, as well as a lot, suitable for power transmission or the recording of a power transmission from the at least one climbing aid. According to one embodiment variant, the power transmission section or, if appropriate, the guide section may have, for example, rack-like or grid-like longitudinal elements.
Die Steighilfe besteht aus mindestens zwei Steigkonsolen, umfassend mindestens eine Plattform, sowie mindestens eine Personensicherung und/oder einen Handgriff und mindestens ein im oder an der Führungspartie und/oder der Kraftübertragungspartie des Längsprofils ein- oder angreifendes Kraftübertragungselement sowie ein Halte- bzw. Sicherungsorgan zum Halten und/oder Führen der Steigkonsolen am schienenartigen Profil.The climbing aid consists of at least two climbing consoles, comprising at least one platform, and at least one safety device and / or handle and at least one in or on the guide section and / or the power transmission section of the longitudinal profile on or attacking force transmission element and a holding or securing member to Holding and / or guiding the climbing consoles on the rail-like profile.
Im Falle der zahnstangenartigen oder rasterartigen Ausbildung der Kraftübertragungspartie und/oder der Längsführungspartie am Profil handelt es sich beim Kraftübertragungselement beispielsweise um ein in der zahnstangenartigen oder rasterartigen Partie eingreifendes drehbares bzw. rotierbares Element. Weiter vorgesehen ist ein Halteorgan, um das Kraftübertragungselement im oder an der Führungspartie des Profils zu halten.In the case of the rack-like or grid-like design of the power transmission section and / or the longitudinal guide section on the profile, the force transmission element is, for example, a rotatable or rotatable element engaging in the rack-like or grid-like section. Further provided is a holding member to hold the power transmission element in or on the guide portion of the profile.
Die Steighilfe kann zwei- oder mehrteilig ausgebildet sein und weist gemäss einer bevorzugten Ausführungsvariante eine rechte und eine linke Steigkonsole auf, welche gleich aber spiegelverkehrt aufgebaut sind. Die linke und rechte Konsole bestehen je aus einer Fussauflage und einem Handgriff. Die Fussauflage ist beispielsweise als kleine Plattform gestaltet mit gegebenenfalls je einem Riemen beispielsweise für das Anheben der Konsole beim Steigen. Der Fuss steht auf der Plattform und wird gegebenenfalls oben mit dem Riemen fixiert.The climbing aid may be formed in two or more parts and has according to a preferred embodiment, a right and a left climbing console, which are the same but mirror-inverted. The left and right brackets each consist of a footrest and a handle. The footrest is designed, for example, as a small platform with possibly one belt, for example, for lifting the console when climbing. The foot stands on the platform and is optionally fixed at the top with the strap.
Beim Aufsteigen hebt man gleichzeitig die rechte Hand und den rechten Fuss um eine individuell gewünschte Schrittweite bzw. -höhe. Beim Heben gleitet und/oder rollt die rechte Konsole der Steighilfe weitgehendst ohne Widerstand nach oben. Jetzt belastet man die linke Seite und hebt den linken Arm und Fuss, die linke Konsole der Steighilfe gleitet und/oder rollt somit nach oben. So kann man alternierend abwechselnd auf der linken und rechten Seite nach oben steigen und ist dabei immer über die Steighilfe mit dem schienenartigen Profil fest verbunden.As you climb up, you raise the right hand and right foot at the same time to individually select the desired step size or height. When lifting, the right hand console of the climbing aid slides and / or rolls upwards without resistance. Now you load the left side and lift the left arm and foot, the left console of the climbing aid slides and / or rolls upwards. So you can alternately alternately on the left and right side climb up and is always firmly connected via the climbing aid with the rail-like profile.
Zum zusätzlichen Schutz hat der Anwender die Möglichkeit sich mittels einem Fallschutz- oder Auffanggurt an der Steighilfe zu sichern. Die Position der Steighilfe bzw. der beiden Konsolen gegenüber dem schienenartigen Profil wird durch die Führungspartie bzw. Führungspartien am Profil und/oder die Kraftübertragungspartie bzw. -partien, wie beispielsweise die Zahnstange bzw. die Rasterung, am schienenartigen Profil durch Kraftaufnahme und die Kraftübertragungselemente an der oder den Konsolen wie beispielsweise dem oder den Zahnrädern bestimmt. Beim Aufsteigen läuft beispielsweise das Zahnrad über einen Freilauf ohne Widerstand automatisch mit. Das Zahnrad ist beispielsweise mit einem Elektromotor oder einem Rotationsdämpfer oder ähnlichem Antrieb verbunden, welcher beim Aufstieg wegen dem Freilauf ohne Widerstand mitläuft. Beim Abstieg kann sich der Antrieb oder der Rotationsdämpfer nur mit dem eingestellten Drehmoment drehen. Dadurch ist der Abstieg vorzugsweise nur mit der vorbestimmten Geschwindigkeit möglich. Neben dem Dämpfer wird je Konsole noch eine Bremse im Zahnrad vorgesehen, wobei die Bremse in der Regel immer angezogen ist und so automatisch wirkt, wobei aber durch den vorgesehenen Freilauf gegen oben somit keine Wirkung bei der Aufstiegsbewegung entfaltet wird. Will der Anwender absteigen, löst er die Bremse und die Steighilfe bzw. die beiden Konsolen gleiten automatisch nach unten, gesteuert vorzugsweise durch den mit laufenden Antrieb oder Dämpfer mit der vorgegebenen Geschwindigkeit. Beim Abstieg werden gleichzeitig die Bremsen beider Konsolen der Steighilfe gelöst und man gleitet solange nach unten wie die Bremsen gelöst sind. Versagt ein Dämpfer, ist immer noch Sicherheit durch die anderen Elemente, wie Bremsen und Dämpfer dergleichen und/oder der anderen Konsole gewährt. Versagt eine Bremse, gilt das gleiche. Die Sicherheit der Steighilfe bzw. der beiden Konsolen ist also mindestens zweifach je Seite und dadurch mindestens vierfach im System bzw. der Anordnung.For additional protection, the user has the option of securing himself to the climbing aid by means of a fall protection harness or safety harness. The position of the climbing aid or the two consoles relative to the rail-like profile by the leadership or leadership games on the profile and / or the power transmission part or parts, such as the rack or the grid, the rail-like profile by power and the power transmission elements the console or consoles such as the one or more gears determined. When ascending, for example, the gear runs automatically via a freewheel without resistance. The gear is for example connected to an electric motor or a rotary damper or similar drive, which runs during the climb because of the freewheel without resistance. During descent, the drive or the rotary damper can only rotate with the set torque. As a result, the descent is preferably possible only at the predetermined speed. In addition to the damper brake per gear is still provided in the gear, the brake is usually always attracted and thus acts automatically, but is thus unfolded by the intended freewheel up against no effect on the ascent. If the user wants to dismount, he releases the brake and the climbing aid or the two consoles slide automatically downwards, controlled preferably by the current drive or damper with the specified speed. During the descent, the brakes of both brackets of the climbing aid are released at the same time and you slide down as long as the brakes are solved. Failure of a damper, safety is still granted by the other elements, such as brakes and dampers like and / or the other console. If a brake fails, the same applies. The safety of the climbing aid or the two consoles is thus at least twice per page and thus at least four times in the system or the arrangement.
Gemäss einer weiteren Ausführungsvariante der erfindungsgemäss vorgeschlagenen Anordnung bzw. Steighilfe sind die Kraftübertragungselemente mit Antriebsmotoren, wie beispielsweise batteriegespiesenen Elektromotoren oder Linearmotoren verbunden, welche beim Aufstieg unterstützend wirken, indem sie beispielsweise das Eigengewicht der Steighilfe anheben. Wird beispielsweise die rechte Seite der Steighilfe durch Anheben des Fusses entlastet, gleitet diese Seite der Steighilfe ohne grossen Widerstand und zudem unterstützt durch den Antriebsmotor nach oben. Anschliessend wird die rechte Seite belastet und durch Anheben des linken Fusses die linke Seite entlastet, wodurch diese Seite erneut durch Unterstützung eines weiteren Antriebsmotors automatisch nach oben gleitet. Bei Verwendung von Zahnrädern beispielsweise sind diese je mit einem oder mehreren beispielsweise batteriegespiesenen Elektromotoren verbunden, welche beim Aufstieg das Eigengewicht der Steighilfe automatisch anheben. Selbstverständlich ist es möglich, den Antrieb so zu wählen, dass mehr oder weniger das Eigengewicht der Steighilfe mittels der Antriebsmotoren nach oben getrieben wird. Der Antrieb kann derart ausgestaltet sein, dass die Steighilfe bzw. die beiden Konsolen im Sinne eines Liftes betreibbar sind und somit eine Eigenbetätigung der den Lift benützenden Person vollständig entfällt. Schliesslich sei noch ergänzend erwähnt, dass bei der Verwendung, beispielsweise von Linearmotoren selbstverständlich, die Verwendung von Zahnrädern vollständig entfallen kann, indem der Antrieb berührungslos vom Motor auf die Führungselemente bzw. die Kraftübertragungselemente übertragen wird.According to a further embodiment of the present invention proposed arrangement or climbing aid, the power transmission elements are connected to drive motors, such as battery-powered electric motors or linear motors, which support the rise, for example, by raising the weight of the climbing aid. If, for example, the right side of the climbing aid is relieved by lifting the foot, this side of the climbing aid glides without great resistance and also supported by the drive motor upwards. Subsequently, the right side is loaded and relieved by lifting the left foot, the left side, whereby this side again slides by supporting another drive motor automatically upwards. When using gears, for example, these are each connected to one or more, for example battery-powered electric motors, which automatically raise the weight of the climbing aid during the ascent. Of course, it is possible to choose the drive so that more or less the weight of the climbing aid is driven by the drive motors upwards. The drive can be designed such that the climbing aid or the two consoles in the sense of a lift are operable and thus a self-actuation of the person using the lift completely eliminated. Finally, it should be mentioned in addition that when using, for example, linear motors of course, the use of gears can be completely eliminated by the drive is transmitted contactlessly from the engine to the guide elements and the power transmission elements.
Wiederum gemäss einer weiteren Ausführungsvariante ist es möglich, dass die erwähnten Antriebsmotoren beim Abstieg als Generatoren gebraucht werden, welche beispielsweise mit einer voreingestellten Drehzahl drehen können. Dadurch ist einerseits der Abstieg mit einer vorbestimmten Geschwindigkeit gesichert, und neben den Antriebsmotoren bestehen ja auch, wie oben erwähnt, je Seite noch zusätzliche Bremssysteme.Again, according to a further embodiment, it is possible that the mentioned drive motors are needed during descent as generators, which can rotate, for example, with a preset speed. As a result, on the one hand the descent is secured at a predetermined speed, and in addition to the drive motors so yes, as mentioned above, each side additional braking systems.
Das schienenartige Profil ist vorzugsweise mehrteilig und zusammenfügbar ausgebildet und fest an einem Mast befestigbar, wobei selbstverständlich auch lose an ein Objekt anstellbare Profile möglich sind. Im Falle eines mehrteilig ausgebildeten Profils ist es denkbar, dass im Übergangsbereich von einem Profil zum nächsten eine Längsausdehnung bzw. Kontraktion der Profile auftreten kann, was beispielsweise durch das Einsetzen von in ihrer Länge veränderbaren Verbindungsstücken aufgefangen werden kann. Diese Verbindungsstücke können beispielsweise in Längsrichtung elastisch ausgebildet sein oder aber mechanisch ineinander greifende Führungselemente aufweisen, welche eine Längsausdehnung bzw. Kontraktion des Verbindungselementes zulassen. Dies kann beispielsweise bei hohen Temperaturschwankungen am Objekt an welchem der Auf- oder Abstieg erfolgt sinnvoll sein, wie beispielsweise an einem Hochspannungsmast, wo Temperaturdifferenzen zwischen -20°C und +60°C bei hoher Sonneneinstrahlung durchaus auftreten können. Das schienenartige Profil weist die erwähnten Führungspartien auf, in oder an welchen die Steighilfe bzw. die beiden Konsolen gelagert sind und der Auf- bzw. Abstieg beispielsweise über die erwähnten Kraftübertragungselemente, wie beispielsweise die Zahnräder, ermöglicht wird. Das Profil ist vorzugsweise derart konstruiert, dass es als einfaches Strangpressprofil ohne grosse Nacharbeit herstellbar ist. Durch die Verwendung eines einfachen zahnstangenartigen Profils bzw. eines Rasterprofils als Kraftübertragungspartie kann die erfindungsgemässe Anordnung bzw. das System im Vergleich zu Leitern sogar billiger hergestellt werden. Der wichtigste Vorteil der erwähnten Anordnung bzw. der Steighilfe sind die wesentlich höhere Sicherheit gegenüber vergleichbaren Systeme, wie Leitern, die ergonomisch verbesserte Arbeitsweise beim Anwender und die Zeitersparnis beim Auf- und/oder Abstieg, sowie Kostenersparnis bei Investition und Anwendung. Ein weiterer Vorteil besteht darin, dass die erfindungsgemässe Anordnung ohne die Verwendung der Steighilfe nicht bestiegen werden kann. So können bei Hochspannungsmaste beispielsweise die schienenartigen Profile alleine von unberechtigten Personen nicht bestiegen werden. Im Weiteren ist auch ein Besteigen durch Unberechtigte nicht möglich, wenn ein an einem Hochspannungsmast arbeitender Servicemonteur im oberen Abschnitt des Mastes tätig ist.The rail-like profile is preferably designed in several parts and can be joined together and firmly attached to a mast, which of course also loosely attachable to an object profiles are possible. In the case of a multi-part profile, it is conceivable that in the transition region from one profile to the next, a longitudinal expansion or contraction of the profiles may occur, which can be absorbed, for example, by the insertion of changeable in length connecting pieces. These connecting pieces may, for example, be designed to be elastic in the longitudinal direction or may have mechanically interlocking guide elements which have a longitudinal extent or contraction of the Allow connection element. This can be useful, for example, in the event of high temperature fluctuations on the object at which the ascent or descent takes place, for example on a high-voltage mast, where temperature differences between -20 ° C and + 60 ° C can occur with high solar radiation. The rail-like profile has the mentioned guide parts, in or on which the climbing aid or the two brackets are mounted and the up or down, for example via the aforementioned power transmission elements, such as the gears, is made possible. The profile is preferably constructed so that it can be produced as a simple extruded profile without much rework. By using a simple rack-like profile or a grid profile as a power transmission section, the inventive arrangement and the system can be made even cheaper compared to conductors. The most important advantage of the mentioned arrangement or the climbing aid are the much higher security compared to comparable systems, such as ladders, the ergonomically improved operation of the user and the time savings during the ascent and / or descent, as well as cost savings in investment and application. Another advantage is that the inventive arrangement can not be climbed without the use of the climbing aid. Thus, for example, the rail-like profiles can not be climbed by unauthorized persons in high-voltage masts. In addition, even climbing by unauthorized persons is not possible, if one at one High-voltage mast working Servicemonteur in the upper section of the mast is active.
Bei der Verwendung der erfindungsgemäss vorgeschlagenen Steighilfe als Lift ist es zudem möglich, Materialtransporte vorzunehmen, oder Transporte beispielsweise von verletzten Personen. Insofern kann es auch vorteilhaft sein, ein schienenartiges Profil, beispielsweise an der Aussenfassade eines hohen Gebäudes anzubringen, und im Falle, beispielsweise einer Feuersbrunst, Personen aus dem oberen Bereich des Gebäudes zu retten. Dies insbesondere dann, wenn die Stärke der Antriebsmotoren, welche an der Steighilfe vorgesehen sind, den Personentransport zulassen, und vorzugsweise auch ferngesteuert betreibbar sind. So kann beispielsweise die Feuerwehr selbst bei nicht mehr begehbarem Treppenhaus in obere Stockwerke eines hohen Gebäudes gelangen und dort Personen gesichert auf der Steighilfe nach unten transportieren und/oder den bestmöglichen Einsatzort zur Feuerbekämpfung sicher erreichen.When using the climbing aid proposed by the invention as a lift, it is also possible to carry out material transports, or transports, for example, of injured persons. In this respect, it may also be advantageous to mount a rail-like profile, for example on the outer facade of a high building, and in the case of, for example, a conflagration, to rescue persons from the upper area of the building. This especially if the strength of the drive motors, which are provided on the climbing aid, allow the passenger transport, and preferably also be operated remotely. For example, the fire brigade can even reach the upper floors of a tall building when the staircase is no longer accessible, and there people can be transported safely down the climbing aid and / or safely reach the best possible location for firefighting.
Bevorzugte Ausführungsvarianten der erfindungsgemässen Anordnung bzw. des Systems sind in abhängigen Ansprüchen charakterisiert.Preferred embodiments of the inventive arrangement or of the system are characterized in dependent claims.
Die Erfindung wird nun beispielsweise und unter Bezug auf die beigefügten Figuren näher erläutert.The invention will now be explained in more detail by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Dabei zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- in Perspektive von vorne gesehen, eine erfindungsgemässe Anordnung zum Auf- bzw. Absteigen einer Person,
- Fig. 2
- ausschnittsweise aus
Figur 1 die Führungen der Steighilfen der Anordnung, - Fig. 3
- ausschnittsweise aus
Figur 1 die Plattformen der beiden Steighilfen, - Fig. 4, 4a bis 4c
- eine weitere Ausführungsvariante einer erfindungsgemässen Anordnung,
- Fig. 5
- wiederum eine weitere Ausführungsvariante,
- Fig. 6
- erneut eine weitere Ausführungsvariante einer erfindungsgemässen Anordnung,
- Fig. 7a-b
- erneut den Verbindungsbereich zweier schienenartiger Profilelemente, weiter zeigend Halteelemente zum Halten der Kraftübertragungszahnräder im Schienenprofil, sowie weiter aufweisend eine Sicherheitsstange,
- Fig. 8a bis 8c
- eine weitere Ausführungsvariante eines schienen- artigen Profils im Querschnitt, in Perspektive und in Ansicht von oben mit daran angeordneten Führungs- und Kraftübertragungselementen,
- Fig. 9a bis 9c
- wiederum eine weitere Ausführungsvariante eines schienenartigen Profils mit daran angeordneten Kraftübertragungselementen,
- Fig. 10a bis 10c
- eine weitere Ausführungsvariante einer erfindungsgemässen Steighilfe, aufweisend einen Linearmotor für den Antrieb der Steighilfe,
- Fig. 11
- eine weitere Ausführungsvariante einer erfindungsgemässen Steighilfe, aufweisend Antriebsmotoren für das automatische Aufwärtstreiben der Steighilfe,
- Fig. 12
- eine mögliche Verwendung der erfindungsgemässen Anordnung für das Besteigen eines Hochspannungsmastes,
- Fig. 13a bis 13c
- in Seitenansicht, in Seitenperspektive und in Ansicht von hinten schematisch das Aufsteigen einer Person an einem Hochspannungsmast, und
- Fig. 14a und 14b
- je einen Hochspannungsmast in Seitenansicht und in seitlicher Perspektive mit am schienenartigen Profil eingehängter Notauf- und Abstiegsleiter.
- Fig. 1
- seen in perspective from the front, an inventive arrangement for getting on or off a person,
- Fig. 2
- partially out
FIG. 1 the guides of the climbing aids of the arrangement, - Fig. 3
- partially out
FIG. 1 the platforms of the two climbing aids, - Fig. 4, 4a to 4c
- a further embodiment of an inventive arrangement,
- Fig. 5
- again a further embodiment variant,
- Fig. 6
- again a further embodiment of an inventive arrangement,
- Fig. 7a-b
- again the connecting region of two rail-like profile elements, further showing holding elements for holding the power transmission gears in the rail profile, and further comprising a safety bar,
- Fig. 8a to 8c
- a further embodiment of a rail-like profile in cross-section, in perspective and in top view with guide and power transmission elements arranged thereon,
- Fig. 9a to 9c
- again a further embodiment variant of a rail-like profile with force transmission elements arranged thereon,
- Fig. 10a to 10c
- a further embodiment of an inventive climbing aid, comprising a linear motor for driving the climbing aid,
- Fig. 11
- a further embodiment of an inventive climbing aid, comprising Drive motors for the automatic upward driving of the climbing aid,
- Fig. 12
- a possible use of the inventive arrangement for climbing a high voltage mast,
- Fig. 13a to 13c
- in side view, in side view and in rear view schematically the ascension of a person to a high voltage mast, and
- Figs. 14a and 14b
- each a high voltage mast in side view and in lateral perspective with hinged on the rail-like profile emergency and descent ladder.
Das schienenartige, längsausgedehnte Profil 1, welches im Querschnitt, beispielsweise U-förmig, ausgebildet ist, weist an den beiden U-Schenkeln je eine Rasterung 9 bzw. 11 auf. Das Profil selbst kann, wie eingangs erwähnt, fest an dem zu besteigenden Objekt, wie beispielsweise einem Hochspannungsmast, befestigt sein, oder kann lose an das Objekt im Sinne einer Leiter angestellt werden. Am unteren Ende kann ein quer zum schienenartigen Profil 1 verlaufender Auflageschenkel 3 vorgesehen sein, welcher beispielsweise auf höhenverstellbaren Standhilfen 5 und 7 gelagert ist.The rail-like, longitudinally
Die Steighilfe besteht aus den beiden Steigkonsolen 13 und 15, welche an ihrem oberen Ende für die Kraftübertragung je zahnradartige Eingreifelemente bzw. -rollen 17 bzw. 19 aufweisen, wobei es sich um ein, zwei oder mehr Zahnräder handeln kann. Weiter ist je ein Führungsorgan 22 bzw. 24 vorgesehen, um die Zahnräder bzw. -rollen fest in den Rasterungen 9 bzw. 11 zu halten. Schliesslich weisen die beiden Steigkonsolen an ihrem oberen Ende je einen Handgriff 21 bzw. 23 mit Bremsgriffen 61 und 63 auf, an welchen sich eine Person halten kann, die die Steighilfe benutzt. Am unteren Ende der beiden Konsolen sind je eine Plattform 25 und 27 vorgesehen, auf welchen die Person stehen kann. Schliesslich sind auch am unteren Ende der beiden Konsolen Führungsorgane 26 und 28 vorgesehen, um die Konsole am Längsprofil 1 zu halten.The climbing aid consists of the two climbing
In
Rotationsdämpfer beinhalten in der Regel mit einer trägen Flüssigkeit - in der Regel Silikonöl - gedämpfte rotierende Flügelräder, wobei das flüssige Medium durch eine Drossel oder einen Spalt verdrängt wird. Das Bremsmoment wird dabei durch die Viskosität des Öles und den Querschnitt der Drossel bestimmt. Auf diese Art und Weise kann das Drehmoment des Rotationsdämpfers individuell eingestellt werden.Rotary damper usually contain with an inert liquid - usually silicone oil - damped rotating vanes, the liquid medium through a throttle or a gap is displaced. The braking torque is determined by the viscosity of the oil and the cross section of the throttle. In this way, the torque of the rotary damper can be adjusted individually.
Hat die Person die erwünschte Steighöhe erreicht, beispielsweise eine vorzunehmende Reparaturarbeit erledigt, so erfolgt nun der Abstieg, indem je bei den beiden Handgriffen 21 und 23 angeordnete Bremshebel 61 und 63 beispielsweise durch Ziehen betätigt werden. Dadurch werden die beiden automatisch wirkenden Bremsen gelöst, und die beiden Konsolen 13 und 15 bewegen sich gebremst durch die beiden Rotationsdämpfer 37 und 38 kontrolliert nach unten.If the person has reached the desired height of rise, for example, carries out a repair work to be carried out, then the descent is now carried out by each of the two
Anstelle eines Rotationsdämpfers kann beispielsweise auch eine Wirbelstrombremse verwendet werden, eine Fliehkraftbremse, ein Elektromotor, vorzugsweise betrieben als Generator, oder eine andere geeignete Einrichtung zum Dämpfen resp. Verzögern der Abwärtsbewegung.Instead of a rotary damper, for example, an eddy current brake can be used, a centrifugal brake, an electric motor, preferably operated as a generator, or other suitable means for damping resp. Delaying the downward movement.
Wiederum ist das schienenartige Profil 1 im Querschnitt vorzugsweise u-förmig ausgebildet, wobei nun je endständig an den beiden U-Schenkeln rohrartige Profile 41 und 43 ausgebildet sind, welche als Führungspartien dienen. Die rasterartigen Kraftübertragungsstellen 42 und 44 sind je an den beiden U-Schenkeln angeordnet. Die beiden Konsolen, je aufweisend zwei längsausgebildete, stangenartige Verbindungsschenkel 51 und 53 an deren unterem Ende wiederum die nicht dargestellten Fussplattformen angeordnet sind, weisen in den Führungseinheiten 39 und 40 je Zahnräder 45 und 47 auf, welche in den Rasterungen 42 bzw. 44 eingreifen. Mittels Halterollen 71 und 73, je beidseits der Rohrprofile 41 und 43 angeordnet, werden die Zahnräder 45 und 47 in den Rasterungen gehalten, und ein Ausrasten der Zahnräder aus den Rasterungen wird verhindert bzw. verunmöglicht.Again, the rail-
In den beiden
Wie bereits unter Bezug auf die
Weiter kann es vorteilhaft sein, entlang des Profils 1 von Zeit zu Zeit griffartige Halte- oder Sicherheitsstangen 133 anzuordnen, wie in
Es ist keinesfalls notwendig bzw. zwingend, dass die Kraftübertragung von Steighilfe zu Profil mittels Zahnrädern zu erfolgen hat. Es ist durchaus möglich, dass die Kraftübertragung über Räder, Rollen oder mittels eines Linearmotors berührungslos erfolgen kann, wie schematisch unter Bezug auf die
Anstelle der in den
Die
Anhand der
Im Gegensatz zu den vorab beschriebenen Anordnungen weisen die beiden Steighilfen 13 und 15 zusätzlich Antriebsmotoren auf, welche ein vereinfachtes Aufsteigen mittels der erfindungsgemässen.Steighilfe unterstützen sollen. Für den Antrieb der beiden oberen Zahnräder 17 und 19 sind die beiden Motoren 302 und 306 vorgesehen, welche je über ein Getriebe 301 und 305 je mit den beiden Zahnrädern beispielsweise über ein Winkelgetriebe verbunden sind. Analog können die beiden unteren Zahnräder 16 und 18 je nach Bedarf von einem Antriebsmotor 304 und 308 angetrieben werden, welche gegebenenfalls je über ein Übersetzungsgetriebe 303 und 307 mit den Zahnrädern verbunden sind. Selbstverständlich ist gegebenenfalls auch ein Direktantrieb ohne Getriebe möglich.In contrast to the arrangements described above, the two climbing aids 13 and 15 additionally drive motors, which should support a simplified ascent by means of the erfindungsgemässen.Steighilfe. For the drive of the two
Schliesslich vorgesehen sind je mittig zwischen den Antriebsmotoren Bremsen 311 und 313 sowie 315 und 317.Finally, provided centrally between the
Beim Aufsteigen einer Person mit der erfindungsgemässen Steighilfe besteht der primäre Zweck der Antriebsmotoren darin, die Steighilfe ohne grossen Widerstand und unterstützt nach oben zu treiben, indem beim Aufstieg das Eigengewicht der Steighilfen automatisch angehoben wird. Falls nun eine Person stehend auf den beiden Plattformen 25 und 27 entlang dem Profil 1 aufsteigen will, hebt sie beispielsweise den Fuss auf der rechten Seite auf der Plattform 25, wodurch in Folge des Entlastens die beiden Antriebsmotoren 302 und 304 aktiviert werden. Dies kann einerseits über einen Kontakt bzw. einen Schalter im Bereich des Haltewinkels 341 bzw. 343 zwischen Steighilfe 13 resp. 15 und Plattform 25 resp. 27 erfolgen, oder aber durch Entlasten von Halteseilen 321 bzw. 323, welche an einer Halteöse 331 an der Steighilfe 13 resp. 15 gehalten werden. Selbstverständlich ist es auch möglich, den Antrieb beispielsweise der rechten Steighilfe durch einen entsprechenden Schalter am Handgriff 21 auszulösen. Das Auslösen des Antriebes ist auch mittels elektronischer Regelung möglich.When ascending a person with the climbing aid according to the invention, the primary purpose of the drive motors is to drive the climbing aid without much resistance and support it upwards, in that the self-weight of the climbing aids is automatically raised during the ascent. If, for example, a person wants to rise upright on the two
Indem die Antriebsmotoren, wie beispielsweise batteriegespiesene Elektromotoren 302 und 304, mindestens das Eigengewicht der Steighilfe nach oben treiben, wird der Aufstieg wesentlich vereinfacht. Selbstverständlich ist es möglich, die Antriebskraft höher als diejenige der Steighilfe zu wählen, womit das Aufsteigen noch einfacher wird. Die Antriebskraft kann gar derart gewählt werden, dass die erfindungsgemässe Steighilfe als Lift betrieben werden kann, so dass Personen ohne jegliche eigene Betätigung nach oben bzw. nach unten gefördert werden können.By the drive motors, such as battery powered
Nachdem die aufsteigende Person eine gewisse oder die gewünschte Distanz überwunden hat, verlagert sie ihr Gewicht auf die Plattform 25, womit die Aufwärtsbewegung der Steighilfe 13 unterbrochen wird. Nun erfolgt ein Abheben des Fusses von der Plattform 27, wodurch die beiden Antriebsmotoren 306 und 308 aktiviert werden und die linke Steighilfe nach oben getrieben wird.After the ascending person has overcome some or the desired distance, she shifts her weight on the
Hat nun die aufsteigende Person den Aufstieg beendet, können die Antriebsmotoren ausgeschaltet werden, und der Abstieg erfolgt wie vorab und durch die vorangehenden Figuren beschrieben. Dabei ist es zusätzlich möglich, dass die Antriebsmotoren als Generatoren wirken und Strom beispielsweise in einer Batterie, wie einem Akku oder einem sogenannten Supercap (SCAP) zurückgewonnen wird. Dadurch wird es möglich, dass mit ein und derselben Batterieladung mehrere Aufstiege hintereinander durchgeführt werden können, ohne dass die Batterien neu aufzuladen sind. Der Stromverlust pro Aufstieg wird durch die Rückgewinnung stark reduziert und der Aktionsradius der erfindungsgemäss beschriebenen Anordnung stark erhöht. Gegebenenfalls ist die Rückgewinnung sogar höher als der Verbrauch.Now has the ascending person completed the climb, the drive motors can be turned off, and the descent is as described above and described by the preceding figures. It is also possible that the drive motors act as generators and power is recovered, for example, in a battery, such as a battery or a so-called Supercap (SCAP). This makes it possible that with the same battery charge several climbs can be performed in succession, without the batteries are rechargeable. The power loss per rise is greatly reduced by the recovery and greatly increased the range of action of the arrangement described in the invention. Optionally, the recovery is even higher than the consumption.
Ein weiterer Vorteil der Verwendung der erfindungsgemäss beschriebenen Antriebs- bzw. Elektromotoren liegt darin, dass beispielsweise unter Verwendung einer Fernsteuerung die erfindungsgemässe Anordnung bzw. die Steighilfe ohne Benutzerperson bewegt werden kann. Mit anderen Worten ist die Fernsteuerung für Leerfahrten sowohl für den Auf- wie auch für den Abstieg möglich.Another advantage of using the drive or electric motors described in the invention is that, for example, using a remote control, the inventive arrangement or the climbing aid can be moved without user. In other words, the remote control for empty runs for both the ascent and the descent is possible.
Weiter vorgeschlagen wird, dass die Geschwindigkeiten der Antriebsmotoren regelbar sind, so dass die Aufstiegs- wie auch die Abstiegsgeschwindigkeit regelbar wird.It is also proposed that the speeds of the drive motors can be regulated, so that the ascent as well as the descent speed can be regulated.
Gemäss einer Ausführungsvariante wird vorgeschlagen, sogenannte Linearmotoren zu verwenden, wie unter Bezug auf die
Schliesslich ist es durch die Verwendung der erwähnten Antriebsmotoren möglich, die erfindungsgemässe Anordnung bzw. die Steighilfen als vollfertigen Ersatz eines Personenliftes auszurüsten bzw. zu verwenden, wie vorab bereits erwähnt. Die Verwendung als Personenlift ist insbesondere auch an Aussenfassaden von höheren Gebäuden sinnvoll, indem so beispielsweise die Feuerwehr oder andere Rettungsequipen in den oberen Bereich eines hohen Gebäudes gelangen können, selbst wenn das Treppenhaus oder allfällige Lifts nicht mehr verwendbar sind. Beispielsweise beim Ausbrechen einer Feuersbrunst kann so die Feuerwehr mittels der Steighilfe in den oberen Bereich des hohen Gebäudes gelangen und, entweder Personen retten, d.h. mittels der Steighilfe zu rettende Personen, oder verletzte Personen nach unten transportieren, wobei in diesem Falle die Steighilfe fernsteuerbar sein kann. Es ist aber auch möglich, parallel zum Profil eine Steigleitung anzuordnen, womit die Feuerwehr, welche das Gebäude mittels einer Steighilfe erklommen hat, Schläuche in den oberen Bereich an die Steigleitung anschliessen und so den Löschvorgang starten kann.Finally, it is possible by the use of the drive motors mentioned to equip the inventive arrangement or the climbing aids as a complete replacement of a passenger lift or to use, as already mentioned above. The use as a personal lift is particularly useful on the outer facades of higher buildings, for example, the fire department or other rescue teams can reach the top of a high building, even if the stairwell or any lifts are no longer usable. For example, when breaking out of a conflagration, the fire brigade can reach the upper part of the high building by means of the climbing aid and either rescue persons, ie transport persons to be rescued by means of the climbing aid, or transport injured persons downwards, in which case the climbing aid can be controlled remotely , It is also it is possible to arrange a riser parallel to the profile, with which the fire brigade, who has climbed the building by means of a climbing aid, can connect hoses in the upper area to the riser and thus start the extinguishing process.
Die
Bei den in den
Schliesslich ist es möglich, ein schienenartiges Profil fest an einem Objekt anzuordnen, oder aber kann das schienenartige Profil lose an einem Objekt angestellt werden im Sinne einer Leiter.Finally, it is possible to arrange a rail-like profile fixed to an object, or else the rail-like profile can be made loose on an object in the sense of a ladder.
Claims (27)
- Arrangement for enabling one or more persons to ascend and/or descend an object, comprising at least one longitudinally-extended, rail-like profile (1, 1', 1"), including at least one guide component (41, 43, 103, 105, 204, 206, 208, 210, 253, 255) extending along the profile, as well as a component to accommodate a transmission of force (9, 11, 42, 44, 109) onto the profile and/or the guide component, and comprising a climbing aid including at least two climbing consoles (13, 15) including at least one platform or seat (25, 27) each, as well as one handle (21, 23) each, as well as at least one force transmission element (17, 19, 45, 47, 117, 119, 217, 219, 261, 263) and/or a drive (113, 123, 302, 306) that engage or act on the force transmission component and/or the profile, as well as a body (22, 24, 72, 72, 73, 141, 143) retaining the element or the drive in or on the at least one guide component and/or the profile, characterized in that the climbing consoles (13, 15) are of longitudinally extended design with handle disposed terminally at the top in the ascending direction and platform disposed terminally directed downward.
- Arrangement according to Claim 1, characterized in that the at least one guide component and/or the force transmission component is composed of at least one rack-like or grid-like longitudinal guide.
- Arrangement according to one of Claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the at least one rotating force transmission element, which acts on or engages the longitudinal guide component(s) and/or the force transmission component, is a toothed gear.
- Arrangement according to one of Claims 1 through 3, characterized in that the force transmission element or drive, which acts on or engages the at least one guide component and/or the force transmission component, is lockable at least in the downward direction, and preferably remains freely rotatable or slidable in the ascending direction.
- Arrangement according to one of Claims 1 through 4, characterized in that the element or drive acting on or engaging in the at least one guide component and/or force transmission component is damped, and/or is operatively connected to another appropriate motion-damping or motion-retarding means, such as an eddy-current brake, centrifugal brake, or linear braking system, i.e., that no free mobility is possible for the respective climbing console in the downward direction or direction downward.
- Arrangement according to one of Claims 1 through 5, characterized in that means for releasing the brakes (61, 63) are disposed in the area of the handles for the purpose of operating the downward-unlocking of the force transmission elements or of the drive, so as to provide a damped downward motion of the climbing console or climbing consoles while simultaneously activating the rotational or damping elements.
- Arrangement according to one of Claims 1 through 6, characterized in that a retaining device is disposed on at least one of the at least two climbing consoles in order to secure the person using the climbing aid, such as, for example, a fall protection belt or safety harness (85).
- Arrangement according to one of Claims 1 through 7, characterized in that the longitudinally-extended, rail-like profile is attachable to an object or is designed to be freely mobile.
- Arrangement according to one of Claims 1 through 8, characterized in that at least one force transmission element is both lockable by means of a brake, and is also designed so as to be rotationally and linearly damped.
- Arrangement according to one of Claims 1 through 9, characterized in that handrails are disposed along the longitudinally-extended profile that are provided so as to be a least essentially perpendicular to the longitudinal extent of the profile, for example, that are provided for securing auxiliary ladders.
- Arrangement according to one of Claims 1 through 10, characterized in that the force transmission elements are equipped with a drive, such as, for example, an electric motor, an internal combustion engine, a linear motor, etc.
- Arrangement according to one of Claims 1 through 11, characterized in that each of the force transmission elements is linked, where appropriate, through a transmission to a drive motor in such a way that the drive motor is designed, when activated, so as to propel upward preferably at least the deadweight of each climbing console or of the complete arrangement.
- Arrangement according to one of Claims 11 or 12, characterized in that the drive motor is operatively connected to the platform, the seat, and/or the handle so as to be actuatable, this being effected in such a way that the drive motor can, for example, be activated or deactivated by unloading the platform or the seat, or by actuation at the handle, or by electronic control.
- Arrangement according to one of Claims 11 through 13, characterized in that the drive motor is additionally equipped to function as a generator so as to recover electric current when the arrangement moves downward, thereby supplying, for example, a battery or rechargeable battery, or a so-called Supercap (SCAP) with the current.
- Method for enabling a person to ascend and/or descend an object using an arrangement according to one of Claims 1 through 14, characterized in that the person can ascend and/or descend along a longitudinally-extended, rail-like profile by means of a climbing aid on the object, whereby the climbing aid is provided with force transmission elements and/or a drive that act on or engage the rail-like profile, wherein the persons can unlock the force transmission elements or the drive while descending and the descent is effected in a damped fashion, whereby the force transmission elements or the drive is connected to a rotational damper, an eddy-current brake, centrifugal brake, a linear motor, or the like.
- Method according to Claim 15, characterized in that the climbing aid is of a two-part design and the person using the climbing aid first ascends using a console, whereby the force transmission elements or the drive are free in the ascending direction while the force transmission elements are locked on the other console so as to prevent the other console from sliding down, that after reaching a certain climbing height the person ascends with the other console, whereby the force transmission elements or the drive are locked at the one console.
- Method according to one of Claims 15 or 16, characterized in that in order to enable a person using the climbing aid to descend the locking of the force transmission elements or drive is unlocked, and the descent proceeds in a controlled or damped fashion.
- Method for enabling a person to ascend and/or descend an object using an arrangement according to one of Claims 1 through 14, characterized in that the person can ascend and/or descend along a longitudinally-extended, rail-like profile by means of a climbing aid on the object, whereby actuating one of the respective drive motors on one of the respective consoles of the climbing aid enables this motor to overcome and drive at least the deadweight of the given climbing aid upward, wherein the actuation can be effected either automatically by unloading the respective platform or seat, or, on the other hand, by actuating a corresponding element on the respective handle, and that the drive motor is deactivated after reaching a certain climbing height while the drive motor of the other climbing aid is activated, for example, automatically so as to drive the other climbing aid upward correspondingly.
- Method according to Claim 18, characterized in that the activation or deactivation of the drive motors is effected automatically, whereby the respective drive motor, such as, for example, a battery-operated electric motor, is activated, for example, by unloading the platform or the seat, while the other drive motor remains deactivated by loading the platform or seat either automatically or by electronic control.
- Method according to one of Claims 18 or 19, characterized in that the drive motors are operated to function as generators to generate an electric current during the descent of a person using the arrangement according to the invention and, for example, a battery, such as, for example, a rechargeable battery or a Supercap (CAP) can be supplied with the generated electric current.
- Use of the arrangement according to one of Claims 1 through 14, for ascending high-tension-line towers, cableway towers, silos, building walls, shaft walls, etc.
- Use of the arrangement according to one of Claims 1 through 14 as a rescue device or fire ladder on buildings.
- Use of the arrangement according to one of Claims 1 through 14 as a fully functional personal lift.
- Rail-like profile (1, 1', 1") for an arrangement according to one of Claims 1 through 14, characterized by at least one guide component (41, 43, 103, 105, 204, 206, 208, 210, 253, 255) as well as a component to accommodate a transmission of force (9, 11, 42, 44, 109) onto the profile and/or the guide component.
- Rail-like profile according to Claim 24, characterized in that the at least one guide component and/or force transmission component is composed of at least one rack-like or grid-like longitudinal guide.
- Use of the rail-like component according to one of Claims 24 or 25 as a guide for a climbing aid on an exterior façade of a high-rise building, on a high-tension-line tower, on a cableway tower, on silos, on shaft walls, etc.
- Use of the rail-like profile according to one of Claims 24 or 25 for guiding rescue devices on tall buildings.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP04738123A EP1654040B1 (en) | 2003-08-14 | 2004-08-02 | Lifting auxiliary |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP03018479A EP1506799A1 (en) | 2003-08-14 | 2003-08-14 | Climbing aid |
EP04738123A EP1654040B1 (en) | 2003-08-14 | 2004-08-02 | Lifting auxiliary |
PCT/CH2004/000483 WO2005016461A1 (en) | 2003-08-14 | 2004-08-02 | Lifting auxiliary |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1654040A1 EP1654040A1 (en) | 2006-05-10 |
EP1654040B1 true EP1654040B1 (en) | 2011-05-18 |
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EP03018479A Withdrawn EP1506799A1 (en) | 2003-08-14 | 2003-08-14 | Climbing aid |
EP04738123A Expired - Lifetime EP1654040B1 (en) | 2003-08-14 | 2004-08-02 | Lifting auxiliary |
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EP03018479A Withdrawn EP1506799A1 (en) | 2003-08-14 | 2003-08-14 | Climbing aid |
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US (1) | US20070189883A1 (en) |
EP (2) | EP1506799A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2007502133A (en) |
KR (1) | KR101197832B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN100536962C (en) |
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2003
- 2003-08-14 EP EP03018479A patent/EP1506799A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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2004
- 2004-08-02 CN CNB2004800233326A patent/CN100536962C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-08-02 US US10/568,061 patent/US20070189883A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-08-02 CA CA002535180A patent/CA2535180A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-08-02 AT AT04738123T patent/ATE509674T1/en active
- 2004-08-02 JP JP2006522866A patent/JP2007502133A/en active Pending
- 2004-08-02 EP EP04738123A patent/EP1654040B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-08-02 RU RU2006107923/12A patent/RU2354426C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-08-02 BR BRPI0413513-0A patent/BRPI0413513A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-08-02 WO PCT/CH2004/000483 patent/WO2005016461A1/en active Application Filing
- 2004-08-02 KR KR1020067003036A patent/KR101197832B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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2007
- 2007-01-16 HK HK07100534.6A patent/HK1095291A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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ATE509674T1 (en) | 2011-06-15 |
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JP2007502133A (en) | 2007-02-08 |
CA2535180A1 (en) | 2005-02-24 |
US20070189883A1 (en) | 2007-08-16 |
CN100536962C (en) | 2009-09-09 |
EP1654040A1 (en) | 2006-05-10 |
RU2006107923A (en) | 2006-07-27 |
KR101197832B1 (en) | 2012-11-09 |
WO2005016461A1 (en) | 2005-02-24 |
RU2354426C2 (en) | 2009-05-10 |
EP1506799A1 (en) | 2005-02-16 |
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