EP1644122B1 - Centrifuge comprising a plurality of centrifugal drums provided with packets of disks - Google Patents

Centrifuge comprising a plurality of centrifugal drums provided with packets of disks Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1644122B1
EP1644122B1 EP04763133A EP04763133A EP1644122B1 EP 1644122 B1 EP1644122 B1 EP 1644122B1 EP 04763133 A EP04763133 A EP 04763133A EP 04763133 A EP04763133 A EP 04763133A EP 1644122 B1 EP1644122 B1 EP 1644122B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotation
axis
centrifugal
drums
centrifuge according
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EP04763133A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1644122A1 (en
Inventor
Poul-Erik Aagaard
Klaus-Dieter BRÖKER
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GEA Mechanical Equipment GmbH
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GEA Westfalia Separator GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • B04B1/04—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles with inserted separating walls
    • B04B1/08—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles with inserted separating walls of conical shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B5/00—Other centrifuges
    • B04B5/02—Centrifuges consisting of a plurality of separate bowls rotating round an axis situated between the bowls

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a centrifuge according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a multi-tumble centrifuge centrifuge is known from DATABASE WPI SECTION Ch, Week 199117 Derwent Publications Ltd, London, GB; Class J01, AN 1991-123944 XP 002303894 - & SU 1 556 761 A (KALOSHIN AF) April 15, 19990 and the DE 78 491 C known.
  • the object of the invention is to improve this prior art by providing separators with at least partially improved properties and preferably new possibilities of use.
  • filter centrifuges with two filter drums DE 3131320 A1
  • DE 3131320 A1 filter centrifuges with two filter drums
  • US 3,092,579 shows an evacuation system for open drums, which are rotatable about an axis of symmetry and tilted during emptying about a second axis which passes through the one drum.
  • the DE 1 432 853 OS shows a method and a device for the separation of substances by gyrofugation, in which a drum is rotated about its axis of symmetry and moved around another axis on a circular ring which is inclined by approximately 45 ° to the symmetry axis.
  • the centrifuge has two or even more centrifugal drums, again preferably one of the axes of rotation being within the at least one or more centrifugal drums, and the further axis of rotation preferably outside the centrifugal drums, the result is a centrifuge which is easier to balance than a centrifuge having only one Centrifugal drum, which is necessary because the other axis of rotation is outside the centrifuge drum.
  • the first axes of rotation of the drums are each within the drums and coincide with an axis of symmetry of the drums, the second axes of rotation crossing the first axes of rotation perpendicularly.
  • This arrangement can be realized for example by a dumbbell-like distribution of the drums, wherein the axis of symmetry of the drums each represents the first axis of rotation and the two drums are dumbbell-like rotated about the second axis of rotation.
  • the solid is conveyed by the rotation of the two drums about the common second axis of rotation in a simple manner to the outside, without the need for aids are necessary.
  • the disk packs have an advantageous effect Clarify way, since they rotate about the first axis of rotation. Due to the rotation about the second axis outside of the plate package, which is superimposed on the speed of the first, there are also advantageous other flow behaviors than in the prior art.
  • the plate package solid material is separated from the feed or centrifuged material and collects in the solids space (cylindrical) of the centrifugal drum. By rotation about the second axis A2, the solid is then conveyed to the outside. Particularly by this structure, it is possible to completely self-discharge the solid by the rotation of the two drums about the common second axis of rotation. It is conceivable to use the system for clarification (solid / liquid) and / or separation (liquid / liquid). The effect of the plate packages is given due to the rotation about the first axis as in a normal separator.
  • the plate package can also have plates in height. The speed at the first axis corresponds to that of a separator.
  • the disc pack in the drums allows almost any clarifying surface to be realized. Mechanical limitations due to natural frequencies can be largely avoided. It is also possible to mount self-cleaning sieve inserts. The energy requirement is relatively low, since the solids outlet is located in the center of the axis of rotation. The open inlet with centrifugal support prevents overflows. Conceivable, however, are not only open but also closed systems, e.g. with peeling discs or the like.
  • Fig. 1 shows a centrifuge 1, which has two centrifugal drums 2, 3, which in each case about a first axis of rotation A1, here a horizontal axis of rotation, are rotatable.
  • the first axes of rotation A1 pass through the centrifugal drums 2, 3 in each case as axes of symmetry in their centers of gravity and are aligned here with each other.
  • the centrifugal drums 2, 3 are arranged opposite each other.
  • the first axes of rotation do not have to be aligned. They can also be aligned in another way, preferably parallel to one another.
  • centrifugal drums 2, 3 are each also rotatable about a second axis of rotation A2, which lies outside the centrifugal drums 2, 3 in this case.
  • the two centrifugal drums 2 "as a whole” together around the outside of the centrifugal drum 2 lying second axis of rotation A2 - preferably in the common center of gravity of the centrifugal drums 2, 3 - rotated, which is perpendicular to the first axis of rotation A1 and crosses them.
  • the centrifugal drums 2, 3 here have a double-conical structure, wherein two oppositely aligned conical sections 4, 5 respectively formed on the relative to the second axis of rotation A2 inner end and on the relative to the second axis of rotation A2 outer end portion of the centrifugal drums 2, 3 and are connected to each other via central cylindrical sections 6.
  • the centrifugal drums In the area of sections 4, 5, 6, the centrifugal drums here have a continuous jacket.
  • outer conical sections 5 At the outer ends of the outer conical sections 5 are discharge openings 7 (nozzles), in particular formed for a solid phase, which are aligned concentrically to the first axis of rotation A1.
  • the outer conical sections 5 are preferably conically tapered at an acute angle relative to the first axis of rotation A1, wherein the angle of conicity ⁇ to the first axis of rotation is 60 ° and less, so that wear effects due to solids emerging from the nozzles on the drum shell are largely as far as possible be avoided. This angle ⁇ is chosen so that the solid can slip off at this angle advantageous.
  • a centric supply pipe 11 for the product to be centrifuged and, for example, these concentrically and / or parallel discharge ducts 12 for discharging a lighter phase, e.g. a liquid phase, which inwardly - to the second axis of rotation A2 - back with further inlet and outlet pipes (not shown here) can be connected (through the second axis of rotation).
  • the function of supply pipe 11 and discharge channels 12 can also - be reversed - with appropriate modification of the connections). It is also conceivable to switch the two centrifugal drums successively in terms of flow.
  • first drive means 16 in particular electric motors or hydraulic motors, which are preferably arranged parallel to the centrifugal drums 2 on opposite sides of the centrifugal drums 2 to to realize a unbalance-free arrangement.
  • first drive means 16 in particular electric motors or hydraulic motors, which are preferably arranged parallel to the centrifugal drums 2 on opposite sides of the centrifugal drums 2 to realize a unbalance-free arrangement.
  • belt drive for example with flat belts, V-belts or toothed belts
  • chain drives or direct-acting transmissions, such as gear transmissions, etc. are conceivable.
  • the two drive devices 16 and the support elements 10, which carry the centrifugal drums 2, 3 are arranged on a rotatable, carrier-like ring 17, through the center of the second axis of rotation A2 extends, with the centrifugal drums 2, 3 above and the first drive means 16 below the ring 17 are located. It is also conceivable to arrange the centrifugal drums 2, 3 between an upper and a lower ring (not shown here) or to arrange the drive means also above the ring 17 (also not shown here).
  • the two centrifugal drums 2, 3 could also have a common drive device 16 for driving the centrifugal drums 2, 3 about the first axis of rotation A1, eg a drive motor with two pulleys on a common output shaft or the like.
  • the horizontally oriented ring 17 is rotatably mounted with bearings 18 on a skeleton 19 and can be rotated by means of a second drive device 20 on the skeleton 19.
  • the bearing 18 absorbs both the axial and the radial forces and can also be realized in other ways.
  • a disk pack 21 is arranged with conical plates in two centrifugal drums 2, 3, which can be provided with riser channels 22 and may have a similar construction to plate packages of separators.
  • both centrifugal drums 2, 3 rotate at a higher first speed about the first axis of rotation A1.
  • Such can one of decanters or u.U. even separators known circumferential speed can be achieved around the first axis of rotation A1 on the outer drum diameter, e.g. a peripheral speed of more than 80 m / sec, whereas the two centrifugal drums 2, 3 preferably rotate about the second rotational axis A2 at a lower circumferential speed (a subcritical operation is preferred).
  • Subcritical operation means a speed below the first resonance frequency of the separator.
  • the solid phases accumulate respectively on the inner circumference of the centrifugal drums 2, 3 and, due to the rotation of the centrifugal drums 2, 3, move outwardly around the second axis of rotation A2 where they travel in the outer conical sections 5 to the discharge ports 7, exit the centrifugal drums and are collected in a manner not shown here (eg, in an outer ring-like catcher or the like).
  • centrifugal drums 2, 3 are provided, the capacity of each centrifuge is relatively large. It is even conceivable, instead of two centrifuges and three, four or more centrifuges on the ring around the second axis of rotation evenly distributed around the circumference.

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  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Zentrifuge nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a centrifuge according to the preamble of claim 1.

Eine derartige Zentrifuge mit mehreren Schleudertrommeln ist aus DATABASE WPI SECTION Ch, Week 199117 Derwent Publications Ltd., London, GB; Class J01, AN 1991-123944 XP 002303894 - & SU 1 556 761 A (KALOSHIN AF) 15. April 19990 und der DE 78 491 C bekannt.Such a multi-tumble centrifuge centrifuge is known from DATABASE WPI SECTION Ch, Week 199117 Derwent Publications Ltd, London, GB; Class J01, AN 1991-123944 XP 002303894 - & SU 1 556 761 A (KALOSHIN AF) April 15, 19990 and the DE 78 491 C known.

Zum Stand der Technik in Hinsicht auf Separatoren wird ferner der DE 200 10 743 U1 genannt.The prior art in terms of separators is also the DE 200 10 743 U1 called.

Die Erfindung hat die Aufgabe, diesen Stand der Technik dahin zu verbessern, dass Separatoren mit zumindest teilweise verbesserten Eigenschaften und vorzugsweise neuen Einsatzmöglichkeiten geschaffen werden.The object of the invention is to improve this prior art by providing separators with at least partially improved properties and preferably new possibilities of use.

Diese Aufgabe löst die Erfindung durch den Gegenstand des Anspruchs 1 und schafft eine neue Art einer Zentrifuge, welche gegenüber dem Stand der Technik bei verschiedensten Produkten Vorteile mit sich bringt.This object is achieved by the invention by the subject matter of claim 1 and provides a new type of centrifuge, which brings advantages over the prior art in a wide variety of products.

Diese Idee bringt neue Effekte im Inneren der Schleudertrommeln mit sich, die in vorteilhafter Weise genutzt werden können, beispielsweise zur Optimierung des Feststoffaustrages.This idea brings new effects in the interior of the centrifugal drums with it, which can be used in an advantageous manner, for example, to optimize the Feststoffaustrages.

Da es möglich ist, die Feststoffe ohne zusätzliche Mechanik aus der Trommel zu fördern, bedeutet dies im Vergleich zu Dekantern, dass weder ein Umlaufgetriebe noch eine Schnecke vorzusehen sind, da die Schnecke zum Austragen der Feststoffe nicht mehr benötigt wird. Insofern kann hier auch kein Verschleiß auftreten.Since it is possible to convey the solids out of the drum without additional mechanics, this means, in comparison to decanters, that there is no need for a planetary gearbox or a screw since the screw is no longer required for discharging the solids. In this respect, no wear can occur here.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

Zwar sind aus dem Stand der Technik beispielsweise Filterzentrifugen mit zwei Filtertrommeln ( DE 3131320 A1 ) bekannt.Although, for example, filter centrifuges with two filter drums ( DE 3131320 A1 ) known.

Auch die US 3 092 579 zeigt ein Entleerungssystem für offene Trommeln, die um eine Symmetrieachse drehbar sind und beim Entleeren um eine zweite Achse gekippt werden, die durch die eine Trommel verläuft.Also the US 3,092,579 shows an evacuation system for open drums, which are rotatable about an axis of symmetry and tilted during emptying about a second axis which passes through the one drum.

Die DE 1 432 853 OS zeigt ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Trennung von Stoffen durch Gyrofugation, bei dem eine Trommel um ihre Symmetrieachse gedreht und um eine weitere Achse auf einem Kreisring verfahren wird, die um ca. 45° zur Symmetrieachse geneigt ist.The DE 1 432 853 OS shows a method and a device for the separation of substances by gyrofugation, in which a drum is rotated about its axis of symmetry and moved around another axis on a circular ring which is inclined by approximately 45 ° to the symmetry axis.

Zum Stand der Technik werden auch noch die weiter ab liegenden DE 40 13 388 A1 und die BE 703747 genannt.The prior art will also be the farther from DE 40 13 388 A1 and the BE 703747 called.

Da die Zentrifuge zwei - oder sogar mehr - Schleudertrommeln aufweist, wobei wiederum bevorzugt eine der Drehachsen innerhalb der wenigstens einen oder mehreren Schleudertrommeln liegt und die weitere Drehachse vorzugsweise außerhalb der Schleudertrommeln, ergibt sich eine Zentrifuge, die leichter auszuwuchten ist als eine Zentrifuge mit nur einer Schleudertrommel, was notwendig ist, da die weitere Drehachse außerhalb der Zentrifugentrommel liegt.Since the centrifuge has two or even more centrifugal drums, again preferably one of the axes of rotation being within the at least one or more centrifugal drums, and the further axis of rotation preferably outside the centrifugal drums, the result is a centrifuge which is easier to balance than a centrifuge having only one Centrifugal drum, which is necessary because the other axis of rotation is outside the centrifuge drum.

Kompakt und unkompliziert realisierbar ist es, daß die ersten Drehachsen der Trommeln jeweils innerhalb der Trommeln liegen und sich mit einer Symmetrieachse der Trommeln decken, wobei die zweiten Drehachsen die ersten Drehachsen senkrecht kreuzen. Diese Anordnung lässt sich beispielsweise durch eine hantelartige Verteilung der Trommeln realisieren, wobei die Symmetrieachse der Trommeln jeweils die ersten Drehachse darstellt und die beiden Trommeln hantelartig um die zweite Drehachse gedreht werden. Hierbei wird der Feststoff durch die Rotation der beiden Trommeln um die gemeinsame zweite Drehachse in einfacher Weise nach außen gefördert, ohne dass hierfür Hilfsmittel notwendig sind. Die Tellerpakete wirken dagegen in vorteilhafter Weise klärend, da sie um die erste Drehachse rotieren. Durch die Rotation um die zweite Achse außerhalb des Tellerpakets, welche sich der Drehzahl der ersten überlagert, ergeben sich auch vorteilhafte andere Strömungsverhaltensweisen als im Stand der Technik.It is compact and easy to realize that the first axes of rotation of the drums are each within the drums and coincide with an axis of symmetry of the drums, the second axes of rotation crossing the first axes of rotation perpendicularly. This arrangement can be realized for example by a dumbbell-like distribution of the drums, wherein the axis of symmetry of the drums each represents the first axis of rotation and the two drums are dumbbell-like rotated about the second axis of rotation. Here, the solid is conveyed by the rotation of the two drums about the common second axis of rotation in a simple manner to the outside, without the need for aids are necessary. The disk packs, on the other hand, have an advantageous effect Clarify way, since they rotate about the first axis of rotation. Due to the rotation about the second axis outside of the plate package, which is superimposed on the speed of the first, there are also advantageous other flow behaviors than in the prior art.

Es bietet es sich an, wenn die beiden konischen Abschnitte jeder Schleudertrommel über zylindrische Abschnitte miteinander verbunden sind.It makes sense if the two conical sections of each centrifugal drum are connected to each other via cylindrical sections.

Besonders bevorzugt ist ferner konzentrisch zum Zulaufrohr in beiden Schleudertrommeln jeweils eines der Tellerpakete mit konischen Tellern und vorzugsweise Steigekanälen angeordnet. Im Tellerpaket wird Feststoff aus dem Aufgabegut bzw. Schleudergut abgetrennt und sammelt sich im Feststoffraum (zylindrisch) der Schleudertrommel. Durch die Rotation um die zweite Achse A2 wird der Feststoff dann nach außen gefördert. Besonders durch diesen Aufbau ist es möglich, den Feststoff durch die Rotation der beiden Trommeln um die gemeinsame zweite Drehachse vollkommen selbsttätig auszufördern. Denkbar ist ein Einsatz des Systems zur Klärung (Fest/Flüssig) und/oder Trennung (Flüssig/Flüssig). Die Wirkung der Tellerpakete ist aufgrund der Rotation jeweils um die erste Achse wie bei einem normalen Separator gegeben. Die Tellerpaket können aber auch Teller in der Höhe aufweisen. Die Drehzahl an der ersten Achse entspricht der eines Separators.Particular preference is also concentric with the inlet pipe in both centrifugal drums each one of the disk packages arranged with conical plates and preferably riser channels. In the plate package, solid material is separated from the feed or centrifuged material and collects in the solids space (cylindrical) of the centrifugal drum. By rotation about the second axis A2, the solid is then conveyed to the outside. Particularly by this structure, it is possible to completely self-discharge the solid by the rotation of the two drums about the common second axis of rotation. It is conceivable to use the system for clarification (solid / liquid) and / or separation (liquid / liquid). The effect of the plate packages is given due to the rotation about the first axis as in a normal separator. The plate package can also have plates in height. The speed at the first axis corresponds to that of a separator.

Durch das Tellerpaket in den Trommeln kann zudem eine nahezu beliebige Klärfläche realisiert werden. Mechanische Begrenzungen durch Eigenfrequenzen können weitestgehend vermieden werden. Es ist auch möglich, selbstreinigende Siebeinsätze zu montieren. Der Energiebedarf ist relativ gering, da sich der Feststoffaustritt im Zentrum der Drehachse befindet. Durch den offenen Zulauf mit Zentrifugalunterstützung können Überläufe vermieden werden. Denkbar sind aber nicht nur offene sondern auch geschlossene Systeme z.B. mit Schälscheiben oder dgl.In addition, the disc pack in the drums allows almost any clarifying surface to be realized. Mechanical limitations due to natural frequencies can be largely avoided. It is also possible to mount self-cleaning sieve inserts. The energy requirement is relatively low, since the solids outlet is located in the center of the axis of rotation. The open inlet with centrifugal support prevents overflows. Conceivable, however, are not only open but also closed systems, e.g. with peeling discs or the like.

Im Vergleich zu bekannten Separatoren besteht der Vorteil, daß keine Trommelhydraulik zum Entleeren vorzusehen ist. Es können ferner Düsenverstopfungen vermieden werden, da der Düsendurchmesser im Vergleich zu Systemen mit vielen kleinen Düsen groß ausfallen kann und der Energiebedarf zum Feststoffaustrag im Zentrum der Hauptdrehachse gering ist. U.U. sind sogar rückwärts gerichtete Düsen denkbar, wenn diese nicht mit um die erste Achse rotieren (z.B. mittels Gleitringdichtungen realisierbar) und wenn die Düsen an einem Maschinengestell angeordnet sind, das nur um die zweite Drehachse rotiert, was nochmals den Energiebedarf senkt.In comparison to known separators, there is the advantage that no drum hydraulics are to be provided for emptying. It can also nozzle blockages can be avoided, since the nozzle diameter can be large compared to systems with many small nozzles and the energy requirement for solids discharge in the center the main axis of rotation is low. UU even backward nozzles are conceivable if they do not rotate with about the first axis (eg realized by means of mechanical seals) and if the nozzles are arranged on a machine frame which rotates only about the second axis of rotation, which again reduces the energy requirement.

Anzumerken ist noch, dass es auch denkbar ist, die beiden Schleudertrommeln hintereinander zu schalten (hinsichtlich des Fließweges des Schleudergutes) und beispielsweise die erste Schleudertrommel für eine Vorklärung und die weitere Schleudertrommel zur nachgeschalteten Feinklärung einzusetzen.It should also be noted that it is also conceivable to connect the two centrifugal drums in succession (with regard to the flow path of the centrifuged material) and, for example, to use the first centrifugal drum for a primary clarification and the further centrifugal drum for the downstream fine clarification.

Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels unter Bezug auf die Zeichnung näher beschrieben. Es zeigt:

Fig. 1
einen Schnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Zentrifuge; und
Fig. 2
eine Draufsicht auf das Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 1.
The invention will be described with reference to an embodiment with reference to the drawings. It shows:
Fig. 1
a section through a centrifuge according to the invention; and
Fig. 2
a plan view of the embodiment of Fig. 1 ,

Fig. 1, zeigt eine Zentrifuge 1, welche zwei Schleudertrommeln 2, 3, aufweist, welche jeweils um eine erste Drehachse A1, hier eine horizontale Drehachse, drehbar sind. Fig. 1 shows a centrifuge 1, which has two centrifugal drums 2, 3, which in each case about a first axis of rotation A1, here a horizontal axis of rotation, are rotatable.

Die ersten Drehachsen A1 durchsetzen die Schleudertrommeln 2, 3 jeweils als Symmetrieachsen in deren Schwerpunkten und fluchten hier miteinander. Die Schleudertrommeln 2, 3 sind einander gegenüberliegend angeordnet. Die ersten Drehachsen müssen aber nicht miteinander fluchten. Sie können auch in anderer Weise, vorzugsweise parallel zueinander ausgerichtet sein.The first axes of rotation A1 pass through the centrifugal drums 2, 3 in each case as axes of symmetry in their centers of gravity and are aligned here with each other. The centrifugal drums 2, 3 are arranged opposite each other. The first axes of rotation do not have to be aligned. They can also be aligned in another way, preferably parallel to one another.

Darüber hinaus sind die Schleudertrommeln 2,3 jeweils auch jeweils um eine zweite Drehachse A2 drehbar, welche hier außerhalb der Schleudertrommeln 2, 3 liegt. Hier werden die beiden Schleudertrommeln 2 "als ganzes" gemeinsam um die außerhalb der Schleudertrommel 2 liegende zweite Drehachse A2 - vorzugsweise im gemeinsamen Schwerpunkt der Schleudertrommeln 2, 3 - gedreht, welche senkrecht zur ersten Drehachse A1 liegt und diese kreuzt.In addition, the centrifugal drums 2, 3 are each also rotatable about a second axis of rotation A2, which lies outside the centrifugal drums 2, 3 in this case. Here, the two centrifugal drums 2 "as a whole" together around the outside of the centrifugal drum 2 lying second axis of rotation A2 - preferably in the common center of gravity of the centrifugal drums 2, 3 - rotated, which is perpendicular to the first axis of rotation A1 and crosses them.

Da jeweils die ersten Drehachsen A1 miteinander fluchten und die zweite Drehachse A2 für beide Schleudertrommeln 2, 3 dieselbe ist, wird der Aufbau der Konstruktion einfach und übersichtlich. So genügt für die Rotation beider Schleudertrommeln 2, 3 um die zweite Drehachse A2 eine einzige Antriebsvorrichtung 20.Since each of the first axes of rotation A1 aligned with each other and the second axis of rotation A2 for both centrifugal drums 2, 3 is the same, the structure of the construction is simple and clear. Thus, a single drive device 20 is sufficient for the rotation of both centrifugal drums 2, 3 about the second axis of rotation A2.

Die Schleudertrommeln 2, 3 weisen hier einen doppelt konischen Aufbau auf, wobei zwei entgegengesetzt zueinander ausgerichtete, konische Abschnitte 4, 5 jeweils an dem relativ zur zweiten Drehachse A2 inneren Endbereich und an dem relativ zur zweiten Drehachse A2 äußeren Endbereich der Schleudertrommeln 2, 3 ausgebildet und jeweils über mittlere zylindrische Abschnitte 6 miteinander verbunden sind. Im Bereich der Abschnitte 4, 5, 6 weisen die Schleudertrommeln hier einen durchgehenden Mantel auf.The centrifugal drums 2, 3 here have a double-conical structure, wherein two oppositely aligned conical sections 4, 5 respectively formed on the relative to the second axis of rotation A2 inner end and on the relative to the second axis of rotation A2 outer end portion of the centrifugal drums 2, 3 and are connected to each other via central cylindrical sections 6. In the area of sections 4, 5, 6, the centrifugal drums here have a continuous jacket.

An den äußeren Enden der äußeren konischen Abschnitte 5 sind Austragsöffnungen 7 (Düsen), insbesondere für eine Feststoffphase ausgebildet, welche konzentrisch zur ersten Drehachse A1 ausgerichtet sind. Die äußeren konischen Abschnitte 5 sind relativ zur ersten Drehachse A1 jeweils bevorzugt spitzwinklig konisch, wobei der Konizitätswinkel α zur ersten Drehachse 60° und weniger beträgt, so dass Verschleißeffekte aufgrund von aus den Düsen austretenden Feststoffen am Trommelmantel weitestgehend vermieden werden. Dieser Winkel α ist so gewählt, daß der Feststoff vorteilhaft auf diesem Winkel abrutschen kann.At the outer ends of the outer conical sections 5 are discharge openings 7 (nozzles), in particular formed for a solid phase, which are aligned concentrically to the first axis of rotation A1. The outer conical sections 5 are preferably conically tapered at an acute angle relative to the first axis of rotation A1, wherein the angle of conicity α to the first axis of rotation is 60 ° and less, so that wear effects due to solids emerging from the nozzles on the drum shell are largely as far as possible be avoided. This angle α is chosen so that the solid can slip off at this angle advantageous.

An die inneren konischen Abschnitte 4 schließen sich zur zweiten Drehachse A2 hin zylindrische Ansätze 8 an, die mittels Lagersystemen, insbesondere mittels geeigneten Kugellagern 9 in Trägerelementen 10 drehbar gelagert sind, welche Axial- und Radialkräfte aufnehmen. Es ist auch denkbar, weitere Lagersysteme (hier nicht dargestellt) im äußeren Bereich der Schleudertrommeln vorzusehen (z.B. im Anschluss an die konische Bereiche an zylindrischen Ansätzen oder dgl. (hier nicht dargestellt)).At the inner conical portions 4 close to the second axis of rotation A2 towards cylindrical lugs 8, which are rotatably supported by bearing systems, in particular by means of suitable ball bearings 9 in support members 10 which absorb axial and radial forces. It is also conceivable to provide further bearing systems (not shown here) in the outer region of the centrifugal drums (for example following the conical regions on cylindrical projections or the like (not shown here)).

Durch die zylindrischen Ansätze 8 erstrecken sich jeweils ein zentrisches Zuleitungsrohr 11 für das Schleudergut und beispielsweise zu diesen konzentrisch und/oder parallel angeordnete Ableitungskanäle 12 zur Ableitung einer leichteren Phase, z.B. einer Flüssigkeitsphase, die nach innen - zur zweiten Drehachse A2 - hin mit weiteren Zulauf und Ablaufrohren (hier nicht dargestellt) (durch die zweite Drehachse hindurch) verbunden sein können. Die Funktion von Zuleitungsrohr 11 und Ableitungskanälen 12 kann auch - mit entsprechender Modifikation der Anschlüsse) umgekehrt werden. Es ist ferner denkbar, die beiden Schleudertrommeln fließtechnisch hintereinander zu schalten.Through the cylindrical extensions 8 there extend in each case a centric supply pipe 11 for the product to be centrifuged and, for example, these concentrically and / or parallel discharge ducts 12 for discharging a lighter phase, e.g. a liquid phase, which inwardly - to the second axis of rotation A2 - back with further inlet and outlet pipes (not shown here) can be connected (through the second axis of rotation). The function of supply pipe 11 and discharge channels 12 can also - be reversed - with appropriate modification of the connections). It is also conceivable to switch the two centrifugal drums successively in terms of flow.

An die zylindrischen Ansätze 8 sind nach innen hin Riemenscheiben 13 angesetzt, welche über Antriebsriemen 14 mit Abtriebswellen 15 von ersten Antriebsvorrichtungen 16, insbesondere Elektromotoren oder Hydraulikmotoren, verbunden sind, die vorzugsweise parallel zu den Schleudertrommeln 2 an gegenüberliegenden Seiten der Schleudertrommeln 2 angeordnet werden, um eine möglichst unwuchtfreie Anordnung zu realisieren. Anstelle eines Riementriebes (z.B. mit Flachriemen, Keilriemen oder Zahnriemen) sind Kettenantriebe oder direkt wirkende Getriebe wie Zahnradgetriebe dgl. denkbar.To the cylindrical lugs 8 pulleys 13 are attached inwardly, which are connected via drive belt 14 with output shafts 15 of first drive means 16, in particular electric motors or hydraulic motors, which are preferably arranged parallel to the centrifugal drums 2 on opposite sides of the centrifugal drums 2 to to realize a unbalance-free arrangement. Instead of a belt drive (for example with flat belts, V-belts or toothed belts), chain drives or direct-acting transmissions, such as gear transmissions, etc., are conceivable.

Die beiden Antriebsvorrichtungen 16 sowie die Trägerelemente 10, welche die Schleudertrommeln 2, 3 tragen, sind an einem drehbaren, trägerartigen Ring 17 angeordnet, durch dessen Mittelpunkt die zweite Drehachse A2 verläuft, wobei sich die Schleudertrommeln 2, 3 oberhalb und die ersten Antriebseinrichtungen 16 unterhalb der Ringes 17 befinden. Denkbar ist es ferner, die Schleudertrommeln 2, 3 zwischen einem oberen und einem unteren Ring anzuordnen (hier nicht dargestellt) oder die Antriebseinrichtungen ebenfalls oberhalb des Ringes 17 anzuordnen (hier ebenfalls nicht dargestellt). Schließlich könnten die beiden Schleudertrommeln 2, 3 auch eine gemeinsame Antriebsvorrichtung 16 zum Antrieb der Schleudertrommeln 2, 3 um die erste Drehachse A1 aufweisen, z.B. einen Antriebsmotor mit zwei Riemenscheiben auf einer gemeinsamen Abtriebswelle oder dgl..The two drive devices 16 and the support elements 10, which carry the centrifugal drums 2, 3 are arranged on a rotatable, carrier-like ring 17, through the center of the second axis of rotation A2 extends, with the centrifugal drums 2, 3 above and the first drive means 16 below the ring 17 are located. It is also conceivable to arrange the centrifugal drums 2, 3 between an upper and a lower ring (not shown here) or to arrange the drive means also above the ring 17 (also not shown here). Finally, the two centrifugal drums 2, 3 could also have a common drive device 16 for driving the centrifugal drums 2, 3 about the first axis of rotation A1, eg a drive motor with two pulleys on a common output shaft or the like.

Der horizontal ausgerichtete Ring 17 ist mit Lagern 18 drehbar auf einem Grundgerüst 19 gelagert und kann mittels einer zweiten Antriebsvorrichtung 20 auf dem Grundgerüst 19 verdreht werden. Die Lagerung 18 nimmt sowohl die Axial- als auch die Radialkräfte auf und ist auch in anderer Weise realisierbar.The horizontally oriented ring 17 is rotatably mounted with bearings 18 on a skeleton 19 and can be rotated by means of a second drive device 20 on the skeleton 19. The bearing 18 absorbs both the axial and the radial forces and can also be realized in other ways.

Konzentrisch zum Zulaufrohr 10 ist in beiden Schleudertrommeln 2, 3 jeweils ein Tellerpaket 21 mit konischen Tellern angeordnet, welches mit Steigekanälen 22 versehen kann und einen zu Tellerpaketen von Separatoren analogen Aufbau aufweisen kann.Concentric to the inlet pipe 10 is in each case a disk pack 21 is arranged with conical plates in two centrifugal drums 2, 3, which can be provided with riser channels 22 and may have a similar construction to plate packages of separators.

Im Betrieb drehen sich beide Schleudertrommeln 2, 3 mit einer höheren ersten Drehzahl um die erste Drehachse A1. Derart kann eine von Dekantern oder u.U. sogar Separatoren bekannte Umfangsgeschwindigkeit um die erste Drehachse A1 am äußeren Trommeldurchmesser erreicht werden, z.B. eine Umfangsgeschwindigkeit von mehr als 80m/sec, wohingegen die beiden Schleudertrommeln 2, 3 vorzugsweise um die zweite Drehachse A2 mit einer niedrigeren Umfangsgeschwindigkeit rotieren (bevorzugt wird ein unterkritischer Betrieb). Unterkritischer Betrieb bedeutet eine Drehzahl unterhalb der ersten Resonanzfrequenz des Separators.In operation, both centrifugal drums 2, 3 rotate at a higher first speed about the first axis of rotation A1. Such can one of decanters or u.U. even separators known circumferential speed can be achieved around the first axis of rotation A1 on the outer drum diameter, e.g. a peripheral speed of more than 80 m / sec, whereas the two centrifugal drums 2, 3 preferably rotate about the second rotational axis A2 at a lower circumferential speed (a subcritical operation is preferred). Subcritical operation means a speed below the first resonance frequency of the separator.

Durch das Zuleitungsrohr 11 jeweils zugeführtes Schleudergut tritt in die Schleudertrommeln 2, 3 ein, wo sich die Flüssigkeiten unterschiedlicher Dichte auf verschiedenen Radien sammeln und durch das eine oder mehrere Ableitungsrohr oder Schälscheiben oder dgl. abgeleitet werden. Nach Fig. 1 wird in jeder Schleudertrommel 2, 3 nur eine Flüssigkeitsphase abgeleitet.In each case by the supply pipe 11 supplied centrifuged enters the centrifugal drums 2, 3, where the liquids of different density collect at different radii and by the one or more discharge pipe or peeling disks or the like. Derived. To Fig. 1 In each centrifugal drum 2, 3 only one liquid phase is discharged.

Die Feststoffphasen sammeln sich jeweils am Innenumfang der Schleudertrommeln 2, 3 und wandern infolge der Rotation der Schleudertrommeln 2, 3 um die zweite Drehachse A2 in diesen nach außen, wo sie in den äußeren konischen Abschnitten 5 zu den Austragsöffnungen 7 wandern, aus den Schleudertrommeln austreten und in hier nicht dargestellter Weise gesammelt werden (z.B. in einer äußeren ringartigen Fangeinrichtung oder dgl.The solid phases accumulate respectively on the inner circumference of the centrifugal drums 2, 3 and, due to the rotation of the centrifugal drums 2, 3, move outwardly around the second axis of rotation A2 where they travel in the outer conical sections 5 to the discharge ports 7, exit the centrifugal drums and are collected in a manner not shown here (eg, in an outer ring-like catcher or the like).

Als besonderer Vorteil ist hier festzustellen, daß durch die Austragsöffnung 7 in den äußeren konischen Abschnitten 5 ein nahezu "automatischer" Feststoffaustrag realisierbar ist, ohne daß es nötig wäre, in der Trommel ein Hilfsmittel zum Feststoffaustrag wie beispielsweise die Schnecke vorzusehen. Anders als bei Separatortrommeln kann zudem auch das Verstopfen der Düsen vermieden werden. Zwar wirken hier zusätzliche Kreiselkräfte auf das System. Durch einen geeigneten Ausgleich und eine geeignete Verteilung der Massen - insbesondere durch eine geeignete Anordnung der Antriebsmotoren und durch Ausgleichsmassen (nicht dargestellt) können diese jedoch in überschaubaren Grenzen gehalten werden.A particular advantage is to be noted here that a nearly "automatic" Feststoffaustrag can be realized by the discharge 7 in the outer conical sections 5, without it being necessary to provide in the drum an aid for solids discharge such as the screw. In contrast to separator drums, the clogging of the nozzles can also be avoided. Although additional centrifugal forces act on the system here. By a suitable balance and a suitable distribution of the masses - in particular by a suitable arrangement of the drive motors and by balancing masses (not shown), however, these can be kept within manageable limits.

Dadurch, daß mehrere Schleudertrommeln 2, 3 vorgesehen sind, ist die Kapazität jeder Zentrifuge relativ groß. Es ist sogar denkbar, anstelle von zwei Zentrifugen auch drei, vier oder mehr Zentrifugen am Ring um die zweite Drehachse gleichmäßig am Umfang verteilt anzuordnen.The fact that several centrifugal drums 2, 3 are provided, the capacity of each centrifuge is relatively large. It is even conceivable, instead of two centrifuges and three, four or more centrifuges on the ring around the second axis of rotation evenly distributed around the circumference.

Bezugszeichenreference numeral

Zentrifugecentrifuge
11
Schleudertrommelncentrifugal drums
2, 32, 3
Konische AbschnitteConical sections
4, 54, 5
zylindrische Abschnittecylindrical sections
66
Austragsöffnungendischarge
77
zylindrische Ansätzecylindrical approaches
88th
Lagercamp
99
Trägerelementesupport elements
1010
Zuleitungsrohrsupply pipe
1111
Ableitungskanäledrains
1212
Riemenscheibenpulleys
1313
Antriebsriemendrive belts
1414
Abtriebswellenoutput shafts
1515
1. Antriebsvorrichtung1st drive device
1616
Ringring
1717
Lagercamp
1818
Grundgerüstbackbone
1919
2. Antriebsvorrichtung2. Drive device
2020
TellerPlate
2121
Steigekanälerising channels
2222

Claims (17)

  1. Centrifuge having the following features:
    a) at least two centrifugal drums which have a plate stack (21) which can in each case be rotated about two axes of rotation (A1, A2),
    b) wherein in each case one of the axes of rotation extends through the centre of gravity of the centrifugal drums in such a way that one of the axes of rotation (A1) is in each case situated inside the centrifugal drums and the other axis of rotation (A2) is preferably situated outside the centrifugal drums (2, 3),
    c) wherein in each case one of the plate stacks (21) is inserted into the centrifugal drums,
    characterized in that
    d) the at least two centrifugal drums (2, 3) have a double-conical structure, wherein two conical portions (4, 5) oriented oppositely to one another are in each case formed at the end region, which is inside relative to the second axis of rotation (A2), and at the end region, which is outside relative the axis of rotation, of the centrifugal drums (2, 3), and
    e) discharge openings (7) for a solid phase which are oriented concentrically with respect to the first axis of rotation (A1) are formed at the outer ends of the outer conical portions (5).
  2. Centrifuge according to Claim 1, characterized in that the two axes of rotation extending through the centre of gravity are oriented parallel to one another and, in particular, are aligned with one another.
  3. Centrifuge according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the centrifugal drums (2, 3) have a continuous shell.
  4. Centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one of the axes of rotation (A1) is in each case situated inside the at least one or more centrifugal drum(s) and the other axis of rotation (A2) is situated outside the centrifugal drum(s) (2, 3).
  5. Centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the maximum rotational speed of the centrifugal drums (2, 3) about the first axis of rotation (A1) is higher than the maximum rotational speed about the second axis of rotation (A2).
  6. Centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two centrifugal drums (2, 3) are arranged opposite one another, and in that the first axes of rotation (A1) of the two centrifugal drums (2, 3) are aligned with one another.
  7. Centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second axis of rotation (A2) is arranged perpendicular to the first axis of rotation (A1) and crosses the first axis of rotation (A1).
  8. Centrifugal drum according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two conical portions (4, 5) of each centrifugal drum (2, 3) are connected to one another via cylindrical portions (6).
  9. Centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, relative to the first axis of rotation (A1), the outer conical portions (5) of the centrifugal drum are in each case formed conically at an acute angle, wherein the angle of taper α to the first axis of rotation (A1) is 60° or less.
  10. Centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plate stack (21) with conical plates (21) is in each case arranged concentrically with respect to the feed pipe (11) in both centrifugal drums (2, 3).
  11. Centrifuge according to Claim 10, characterized in that the plate stack (21) has rising ducts (22).
  12. Centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that cylindrical attachments (8) which are mounted by means of bearings (9) in carrier elements (10) are formed onto the inner conical portions (4) towards the second axis of rotation (A2).
  13. Centrifuge according to Claim 12, characterized in that a central inflow pipe (11) for the material to be centrifuged and outflow ducts (12) in each case extend through the cylindrical attachments (8).
  14. Centrifuge according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each centrifugal drum (2, 3) has a first drive device (16) for driving the centrifugal drums (2, 3) about the first axis of rotation (A1).
  15. Centrifuge according to Claim 14, characterized in that the two centrifugal drums (2, 3) have a common drive device (16) for driving the centrifugal drums (2, 3) about the first axis of rotation (A1).
  16. Centrifuge according to one of the preceding Claims 14 and 15, characterized in that the two centrifugal drums (2, 3) and also the two drive devices (16) are arranged on at least one ring (17) which is rotatably mounted.
  17. Centrifuge according to Claim 16, characterized in that the ring (17) is oriented horizontally and mounted rotatably by means of bearings (18) on a base structure (19).
EP04763133A 2003-07-11 2004-07-08 Centrifuge comprising a plurality of centrifugal drums provided with packets of disks Expired - Fee Related EP1644122B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10331732A DE10331732A1 (en) 2003-07-11 2003-07-11 centrifuge
PCT/EP2004/007518 WO2005007296A1 (en) 2003-07-11 2004-07-08 Centrifuge comprising a plurality of centrifugal drums provided with packets of disks

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1644122A1 EP1644122A1 (en) 2006-04-12
EP1644122B1 true EP1644122B1 (en) 2010-02-10

Family

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EP (1) EP1644122B1 (en)
DE (2) DE10331732A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2005007296A1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10331732A1 (en) * 2003-07-11 2005-02-10 Westfalia Separator Ag centrifuge
KR101288969B1 (en) * 2006-04-06 2013-07-24 삼성전자주식회사 A apparatus for separating a material according to its size and a method of separating the material
US7803101B2 (en) 2007-01-30 2010-09-28 Ortho-Clinical Diagnostics, Inc. Random access multi-disc centrifuge
GB2446129B (en) * 2007-02-02 2009-06-10 Dynamic Extractions Ltd Non-synchronous drive for centrifuges
MX357126B (en) * 2010-03-29 2018-06-27 Newcastle Innovation Ltd Enhanced gravity separation device using closely spaced channels.
DE102012105499A1 (en) * 2012-06-25 2014-01-02 Gea Mechanical Equipment Gmbh separator

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DE78491C (en) C. A. HULT, Carlavagen 14, Stockholm, Schweden Transfer of the partitions built into the centrifugal drum by patent 48615 to centrifugal machines with planetary motion
FR558915A (en) * 1923-09-06
DE106703C (en) * 1898-12-17
US3092579A (en) * 1959-12-15 1963-06-04 Ohg E Fonderie A Bosco Societa Emptying system for rotary containers
CH377723A (en) * 1960-07-26 1964-05-15 Frauchiger Hans Coil centrifuge
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DE20010743U1 (en) * 2000-06-16 2000-10-12 Westfalia Separator Food Tec GmbH, 59302 Oelde Centrifuge with double inlet
DE10331732A1 (en) * 2003-07-11 2005-02-10 Westfalia Separator Ag centrifuge

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2005007296A1 (en) 2005-01-27
DE10331732A1 (en) 2005-02-10
EP1644122A1 (en) 2006-04-12
DE502004010741D1 (en) 2010-03-25
US7419463B2 (en) 2008-09-02
US20080045396A1 (en) 2008-02-21

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