EP1637632A1 - Device for producing filaments from thermoplastic material - Google Patents

Device for producing filaments from thermoplastic material Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1637632A1
EP1637632A1 EP04022248A EP04022248A EP1637632A1 EP 1637632 A1 EP1637632 A1 EP 1637632A1 EP 04022248 A EP04022248 A EP 04022248A EP 04022248 A EP04022248 A EP 04022248A EP 1637632 A1 EP1637632 A1 EP 1637632A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blowing air
filaments
secondary blowing
sides
nozzle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP04022248A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1637632B1 (en
Inventor
Detlef Frey
Hans Georg Geus
Michael Latinski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Reifenhaeuser GmbH and Co KG Maschinenenfabrik
Original Assignee
Reifenhaeuser GmbH and Co KG Maschinenenfabrik
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Reifenhaeuser GmbH and Co KG Maschinenenfabrik filed Critical Reifenhaeuser GmbH and Co KG Maschinenenfabrik
Priority to DK04022248T priority Critical patent/DK1637632T3/en
Priority to EP04022248A priority patent/EP1637632B1/en
Priority to AT04022248T priority patent/ATE368759T1/en
Priority to DE502004004519T priority patent/DE502004004519D1/en
Priority to ES04022248T priority patent/ES2287619T3/en
Priority to MXPA05009748A priority patent/MXPA05009748A/en
Priority to KR1020050085835A priority patent/KR100783450B1/en
Priority to US11/226,231 priority patent/US20060061006A1/en
Priority to CN2005101040755A priority patent/CN1757800B/en
Priority to JP2005269633A priority patent/JP2006083511A/en
Priority to BRPI0504077-9A priority patent/BRPI0504077B1/en
Publication of EP1637632A1 publication Critical patent/EP1637632A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1637632B1 publication Critical patent/EP1637632B1/en
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D4/00—Spinnerette packs; Cleaning thereof
    • D01D4/02—Spinnerettes
    • D01D4/025—Melt-blowing or solution-blowing dies
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D4/00—Spinnerette packs; Cleaning thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
    • D01D5/098—Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for producing filaments of thermoplastic material, comprising a meltblown die having a plastic guide core with at least one row of nozzle holes for the exit of the plastic melt and further arranged on both sides of the plastic guide core feed means for primary blowing air, with which the filaments in the region of the mouths of the nozzle bores can be acted upon on both sides with the primary blowing air.
  • endless filaments are produced with the device according to the invention.
  • the filaments are deposited on a laying device to form a random fleece or meltblown fleece.
  • the meltblown webs produced in this way are used as filters or in filters.
  • the technical problem underlying the invention to provide a device of the type mentioned, with the simple and functionally reliable manner, the filament diameter can be effectively reduced, so that diameters smaller than 1 .mu.m and in particular also can be achieved significantly less than 1 micron.
  • the invention teaches an apparatus for producing filaments of thermoplastic material, - having a meltblown die, which has a plastic guide core with at least one row of nozzle holes for the exit of the plastic melt and further arranged on both sides of the plastic guide core feed means for primary blowing air, with which the filaments in the region of the mouths of the nozzle bores can be acted upon on both sides with the Primärblas Kunststoff and wherein at least one supply device for secondary blowing air is provided, with which the filaments below the meltblown blowing head can be acted on laterally or from the side with secondary blowing air.
  • the exit of the plastic melt or polymer melt from the nozzle bores of the plastic guide core takes place in the form of plastic streams which, as it were, form the filaments.
  • the Primärblas Kunststoff or Primärblas Kunststoffstrahlen are expediently guided acute angle against each other below the nozzle holes. It is within the scope of the invention that the primary blowing air is supplied through corresponding gaps on the plastic guide core in the form of Blas Kunststoff vomstrahlen.
  • the primary blowing air is supplied on both sides by gaps or channels between plastic guide core and die lips, and preferably, the gap width of the gap is adjustable.
  • the gap width of the gap is adjustable below the plastic guide core thus expediently two opposite nozzle lips arranged, which are preferably adjustable, so that the gap width of the gaps between the plastic guide core and the die lips is adjustable.
  • the distance x between the plastic guide core tip and the (imaginary) horizontal extension of the nozzle lip tip is expediently adjustable.
  • secondary blowing air below the meltblown blowing head is additionally blown from the side onto the filaments or onto the filament curtain.
  • the secondary blowing air at an angle ⁇ of 50 ° to 90 °, preferably from 65 ° to 90 ° and preferably from 75 ° to 90 ° to a running through a nozzle bore imaginary line or vertical sideways or is inflatable from the side.
  • the angle ⁇ is thus, so to speak, the angle between a Sekundärblasluftstrahl and said imaginary line or vertical.
  • the Sekundärblasluftstrahlen are thus at an angle ⁇ to the imaginary lines extending through the nozzle bores or vertical to the emerging from these nozzle bores filaments inflatable.
  • the direction of the imaginary straight line corresponds to the primary (undeflected) discharge direction of the filaments from the nozzle bores.
  • the Sekundärblas Kunststoff is orthogonal or substantially orthogonal to a running through a nozzle bore imaginary straight line or vertical inflatable.
  • Essentially orthogonal means that the angle ⁇ is 80 ° to 90 ° and preferably 85 ° to 90 °.
  • the secondary blowing air is blown at high speed to the filaments or to the filament curtain.
  • the vibrations of the filaments or of the threads are amplified both in their frequency and in their amplitude.
  • the invention is insofar the realization on the basis that additional draw points or additional points of the thread draw are generated in this way, so that a very effective and extensive stretching of the filaments is possible.
  • the at least one feed device for the secondary blowing air is set up with the proviso that secondary blowing air can be inflated with an elevated temperature compared with the room temperature (20 ° C.).
  • secondary blowing air with a temperature higher than 50 ° C, preferably with a temperature higher than 60 ° C is inflatable.
  • a secondary blowing air temperature between 65 ° C and 90 ° C, and more preferably between 70 ° C and 80 ° C.
  • the heated secondary blowing air preferably has a relative humidity of less than 70%, preferably less than 50% and very preferably less than 20%.
  • the invention is based on the finding that the thermoplastic phase of the filaments is, as it were, lengthened by blowing the warm or hot secondary blowing air so that the filaments remain stretchable on their way. In this way, a very effective stretching is thus achieved.
  • Zu Operations desken are arranged for the secondary blowing air with the proviso that the filaments or the filament curtain can be acted upon from both sides with secondary blowing air or is.
  • supply means are provided on both sides of the filament curtain, so that the bidirectional loading of the filament curtain with secondary blowing air is possible.
  • the blowing with the secondary blowing air from at least one side of the filaments or the filament curtain is constant in time.
  • Temporal constant blowing means in particular, that the blowing speed of the secondary blowing air remains constant over time.
  • the blowing with the secondary blowing air is preferably constant in time from both sides of the filaments or the filament curtain.
  • the blowing with the secondary blowing air from at least one side of the filaments or the filament curtain is pulsating (i.e., not constant in time).
  • pulsating blowing means that the blowing speed of the secondary blowing air changes over time.
  • the speed of the secondary blowing air can change, for example, in a pulsating or alternating manner between 0 and a speed value v1.
  • the device according to the invention has a depositing device on which the filaments can be deposited as random or meltblown fleece.
  • the meltblown web produced in this way is used in a very preferred embodiment of the invention as a filter or in filters and in particular in fine filters.
  • the invention also provides a process for the production of the filaments of thermoplastic material, wherein - as described - is worked both with the Primärblas Kunststoffanblasung and with the Sekundärblas Kunststoffanblasung.
  • the invention furthermore relates to the use of the filaments or of a meltblown nonwoven produced with the filaments as filter material.
  • the invention is based on the finding that with a device according to the invention or with the corresponding method according to the invention filaments can be produced, which are characterized by a surprisingly small diameter. It can easily filaments with a filament diameter smaller than 1 micron and also be produced with a filament diameter significantly smaller than 1 micron.
  • the invention is further based on the finding that the filaments are effectively excited to additional oscillations with the aid of the secondary blowing-off of the invention, and that the number of draw points or draw regions is thereby effectively increased. In combination with this, special importance is attached to the blowing of secondary higher-temperature blowing air, since this can effectively prolong the thermoplastic phase of the filaments.
  • FIGURE shows a schematic representation of a section through a device according to the invention.
  • the meltblown die 2 is equipped with a plastic guide core 3, which in the embodiment has a number of nozzle holes 4 for the exit of the plastic melt.
  • the row of nozzle bores 4 extends perpendicular to the plane of the paper.
  • supply means for secondary blowing air are provided on both sides of the filament curtain from the filaments 1, with which the filaments below the meltblown blow head 2 are laterally charged with secondary blowing air.
  • This Sekundärblas Kunststoffbeetzhausung has been indicated in the figure by the arrows B.
  • the secondary blowing air can be inflated orthogonally or essentially orthogonally to the imaginary straight lines 7 passing through the nozzle bores 4.
  • the angle ⁇ between the Sekundärblas Kunststoffanblasung or between a Sekundärblas Kunststoff and a straight line 7 is therefore 90 ° or approximately 90 °.
  • an oscillation of the filaments 1 is effectively enhanced. In this way, additional draw points or points of Fadenunterziehung to the filaments.
  • secondary blowing air having a temperature higher than 50 ° C is blown.
  • the temperature of the secondary blowing air is 65 ° C to 85 ° C, preferably 70 ° C to 80 ° C.
  • a depositing device 8 which is preferably formed and in the embodiment as a wire belt.
  • the filaments are expediently stored as not shown meltblown fleece.
  • the meltblown fleece is particularly suitable for filter applications.

Abstract

The melt blowing head (2) has a core (3) feeding molten plastic to a row of nozzle bores (4). On each side of the core, primary air is blown against the sides of the filaments, close to the nozzle openings. At least one secondary blowing-air supply is provided. This impinges on the filaments (1) from the sides, below the blowing head. Primary air is supplied on both sides through gaps (5) between the core and nozzle lips (6). Gap width (w) and spacing (x) between core tip and a notional horizontal extension (broken line) of the nozzle lips, is adjustable. The secondary air blast is introduced preferably at 75[deg]-90[deg] with respect to the axis (7) through the nozzle bore (4). It is introduced at 90[deg]. It is heated above room temperature, to preferably 60[deg]C or more. Its relative humidity is preferably less than 20%. It is blown from both sides against the filaments. Blowing from at least one side is constant. Blowing from at least one side is pulsed. A unit (8) is provided, onto which the filaments are laid, to form a spun-bonded fleece fabric.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Filamenten aus thermoplastischem Kunststoff, mit einem Meltblown-Blaskopf, der einen Kunststoffführungskern mit zumindest einer Reihe von Düsenbohrungen für den Austritt der Kunststoffschmelze aufweist und der fernerhin beidseitig des Kunststoffführungskernes angeordnete Zuführungseinrichtungen für Primärblasluft aufweist, mit denen die Filamente im Bereich der Mündungen der Düsenbohrungen beidseitig mit der Primärblasluft beaufschlagbar sind. ― Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass mit der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung endlose Filamente hergestellt werden. Es liegt fernerhin im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass die Filamente auf einer Ablegeeinrichtung zu einem Wirrvlies bzw. Meltblown-Vlies abgelegt werden. Vorzugsweise werden die auf diese Weise erzeugten Meltblown-Vliese als Filter bzw. in Filtern verwendet.The invention relates to a device for producing filaments of thermoplastic material, comprising a meltblown die having a plastic guide core with at least one row of nozzle holes for the exit of the plastic melt and further arranged on both sides of the plastic guide core feed means for primary blowing air, with which the filaments in the region of the mouths of the nozzle bores can be acted upon on both sides with the primary blowing air. It is within the scope of the invention that endless filaments are produced with the device according to the invention. It is furthermore within the scope of the invention that the filaments are deposited on a laying device to form a random fleece or meltblown fleece. Preferably, the meltblown webs produced in this way are used as filters or in filters.

Vorrichtungen der eingangs genannten Art sind aus der Praxis in verschiedenen Varianten bekannt. Viele dieser Vorrichtungen haben sich grundsätzlich bewährt. Die Durchmesser der Filamente, die mit diesen Vorrichtungen erzeugt werden können, liegen in der Regel im Bereich von 1 µm bzw. sind größer als 1 µm. Eine signifikante Reduzierung dieser Filamentdurchmesser bereitete bislang Schwierigkeiten. Man hat versucht die Luftmenge, die Geschwindigkeit und die Temperatur der Primärblasluft so zu verändern bzw. zu steuern, dass der Filamentdurchmesser verringert wird. Diese Maßnahmen haben jedoch nicht zu zufriedenstellenden Ergebnissen geführt. Sehr geringe Filamentdurchmesser bzw. Filamentdurchmesser, die deutlich kleiner sind als 1 µm wären sehr vorteilhaft für die Erzeugung von Meltblown-Vliesen zur Verwendung in Filtern bzw. Feinfiltern.Devices of the type mentioned are known from practice in different variants. Many of these devices have proven themselves in principle. The diameters of the filaments which can be produced with these devices are generally in the range of 1 μm or larger than 1 μm. A significant reduction in these filament diameters has been difficult. Attempts have been made to change or control the amount of air, the speed and the temperature of the primary blowing air in such a way that the filament diameter is reduced. However, these measures have not led to satisfactory results. Very small filament diameters or filament diameters, which are significantly smaller than 1 μm, would be very advantageous for the production of meltblown webs for use in filters or fine filters.

Dementsprechend liegt der Erfindung das technische Problem zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art anzugeben, mit der auf einfache und funktionssichere Weise der Filamentdurchmesser effektiv reduziert werden kann, so dass Durchmesser kleiner als 1 µm und insbesondere auch deutlich kleiner als 1 µm erzielt werden können.Accordingly, the technical problem underlying the invention to provide a device of the type mentioned, with the simple and functionally reliable manner, the filament diameter can be effectively reduced, so that diameters smaller than 1 .mu.m and in particular also can be achieved significantly less than 1 micron.

Zur Lösung dieses technischen Problems lehrt die Erfindung eine Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Filamenten aus thermoplastischem Kunststoff, - mit einem Meltblown-Blaskopf, der einen Kunststoffführungskern mit zumindest einer Reihe von Düsenbohrungen für den Austritt der Kunststoffschmelze aufweist
und der fernerhin beidseits des Kunststoffführungskernes angeordnete Zuführungseinrichtungen für Primärblasluft aufweist, mit denen die Filamente im Bereich der Mündungen der Düsenbohrungen beidseitig mit der Primärblasluft beaufschlagbar sind
und wobei zumindest eine Zuführungseinrichtung für Sekundärblasluft vorgesehen ist, mit der die Filamente unterhalb des Meltblown-Blaskopfes seitlich bzw. von der Seite mit Sekundärblasluft beaufschlagbar sind.To solve this technical problem, the invention teaches an apparatus for producing filaments of thermoplastic material, - having a meltblown die, which has a plastic guide core with at least one row of nozzle holes for the exit of the plastic melt
and further arranged on both sides of the plastic guide core feed means for primary blowing air, with which the filaments in the region of the mouths of the nozzle bores can be acted upon on both sides with the Primärblasluft
and wherein at least one supply device for secondary blowing air is provided, with which the filaments below the meltblown blowing head can be acted on laterally or from the side with secondary blowing air.

Der Austritt der Kunststoffschmelze bzw. Polymerschmelze aus den Düsenbohrungen des Kunststoffführungskernes findet in Form von Kunststoffströmen statt, die gleichsam die Filamente bilden. Die Primärblasluft bzw. die Primärblasluftstrahlen sind unterhalb der Düsenbohrungen zweckmäßigerweise spitzwinklig gegeneinander geführt. Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass die Primärblasluft durch entsprechende Spalte am Kunststoffführungskern in Form von Blasluftflächenstrahlen zugeführt wird.The exit of the plastic melt or polymer melt from the nozzle bores of the plastic guide core takes place in the form of plastic streams which, as it were, form the filaments. The Primärblasluft or Primärblasluftstrahlen are expediently guided acute angle against each other below the nozzle holes. It is within the scope of the invention that the primary blowing air is supplied through corresponding gaps on the plastic guide core in the form of Blasluftflächenstrahlen.

Zweckmäßigerweise wird die Primärblasluft beidseitig durch Spalte bzw. Kanäle zwischen Kunststoffführungskern und Düsenlippen zugeführt und vorzugsweise ist dabei die Spaltweite der Spalte einstellbar. Unterhalb des Kunststoffführungskerns sind also zweckmäßigerweise zwei gegenüberliegende Düsenlippen angeordnet, die vorzugsweise verstellbar sind, so dass die Spaltweite der Spalte zwischen Kunststoffführungskern und Düsenlippen einstellbar ist. Außerdem ist zweckmäßigerweise der Abstand x zwischen der Kunststoffführungskernspitze und der (gedachten) horizontalen Verlängerung der Düsenlippenspitze einstellbar.Conveniently, the primary blowing air is supplied on both sides by gaps or channels between plastic guide core and die lips, and preferably, the gap width of the gap is adjustable. Below the plastic guide core thus expediently two opposite nozzle lips arranged, which are preferably adjustable, so that the gap width of the gaps between the plastic guide core and the die lips is adjustable. In addition, the distance x between the plastic guide core tip and the (imaginary) horizontal extension of the nozzle lip tip is expediently adjustable.

Erfindungsgemäß wird zusätzlich Sekundärblasluft unterhalb des Meltblown-Blaskopfes von der Seite an die Filamente bzw. an den Filamentvorhang angeblasen. Es liegt dabei im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass die Sekundärblasluft mit einem Winkel α von 50° bis 90°, vorzugsweise von 65° bis 90° und bevorzugt von 75° bis 90° zu einer durch eine Düsenbohrung verlaufenden gedachten Geraden bzw. Vertikalen seitlich bzw. von der Seite her anblasbar ist. Bei dem Winkel α handelt es sich also gleichsam um den Winkel zwischen einem Sekundärblasluftstrahl und der genannten gedachten Geraden bzw. Vertikalen. Die Sekundärblasluftstrahlen sind also mit einem Winkel α zu durch die Düsenbohrungen verlaufenden gedachten Geraden bzw. Vertikalen an die aus diesen Düsenbohrungen austretenden Filamente anblasbar. Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass die Richtung der gedachten Geraden der primären (unabgelenkten) Austrittsrichtung der Filamente aus den Düsenbohrungen entspricht.According to the invention, secondary blowing air below the meltblown blowing head is additionally blown from the side onto the filaments or onto the filament curtain. It is within the scope of the invention that the secondary blowing air at an angle α of 50 ° to 90 °, preferably from 65 ° to 90 ° and preferably from 75 ° to 90 ° to a running through a nozzle bore imaginary line or vertical sideways or is inflatable from the side. The angle α is thus, so to speak, the angle between a Sekundärblasluftstrahl and said imaginary line or vertical. The Sekundärblasluftstrahlen are thus at an angle α to the imaginary lines extending through the nozzle bores or vertical to the emerging from these nozzle bores filaments inflatable. It is within the scope of the invention that the direction of the imaginary straight line corresponds to the primary (undeflected) discharge direction of the filaments from the nozzle bores.

Nach besonders bevorzugter Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist die Sekundärblasluft orthogonal bzw. im Wesentlichen orthogonal zu einer durch eine Düsenbohrung verlaufenden gedachten Geraden bzw. Vertikalen anblasbar. Im Wesentlichen orthogonal meint dabei, dass der Winkel α 80° bis 90° und bevorzugt 85° bis 90° beträgt. ― Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass die Sekundärblasluft mit hoher Geschwindigkeit an die Filamente bzw. an den Filamentvorhang angeblasen wird. Dadurch werden erfindungsgemäß die Schwingungen der Filamente bzw. der Fäden sowohl in ihrer Frequenz als auch in ihrer Amplitude verstärkt. Der Erfindung liegt insoweit die Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass auf diese Weise zusätzliche Verstreckpunkte bzw. zusätzliche Punkte der Fadenunterziehung erzeugt werden, so dass eine sehr effektive und weitgehende Verstreckung der Filamente möglich ist.According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the Sekundärblasluft is orthogonal or substantially orthogonal to a running through a nozzle bore imaginary straight line or vertical inflatable. Essentially orthogonal means that the angle α is 80 ° to 90 ° and preferably 85 ° to 90 °. - It is within the scope of the invention that the secondary blowing air is blown at high speed to the filaments or to the filament curtain. As a result, according to the invention, the vibrations of the filaments or of the threads are amplified both in their frequency and in their amplitude. The invention is insofar the realization on the basis that additional draw points or additional points of the thread draw are generated in this way, so that a very effective and extensive stretching of the filaments is possible.

Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass die zumindest eine Zuführungseinrichtung für die Sekundärblasluft mit der Maßgabe eingerichtet ist, dass Sekundärblasluft mit im Vergleich zur Raumtemperatur (20 °C) erhöhter Temperatur anblasbar ist. Nach besonders bevorzugter Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist dabei Sekundärblasluft mit einer Temperatur höher 50 °C, vorzugsweise mit einer Temperatur höher 60 °C anblasbar. Besonders bevorzugt ist eine Sekundärblaslufttemperatur zwischen 65 °C und 90 °C und sehr bevorzugt zwischen 70 °C und 80 °C. Vorzugsweise weist die erwärmte Sekundärblasluft eine relative Luftfeuchtigkeit kleiner 70 %, bevorzugt kleiner 50 % und sehr bevorzugt kleiner 20 % auf. Der Erfindung liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass durch Anblasung der warmen bzw. heißen Sekundärblasluft die thermoplastische Phase der Filamente gleichsam verlängert wird, so dass die Filamente auf ihrem Weg lange verstreckbar bleiben. Auf diese Weise wird somit eine sehr effektive Verstreckung erzielt.It is within the scope of the invention that the at least one feed device for the secondary blowing air is set up with the proviso that secondary blowing air can be inflated with an elevated temperature compared with the room temperature (20 ° C.). According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention while secondary blowing air with a temperature higher than 50 ° C, preferably with a temperature higher than 60 ° C is inflatable. Particularly preferred is a secondary blowing air temperature between 65 ° C and 90 ° C, and more preferably between 70 ° C and 80 ° C. The heated secondary blowing air preferably has a relative humidity of less than 70%, preferably less than 50% and very preferably less than 20%. The invention is based on the finding that the thermoplastic phase of the filaments is, as it were, lengthened by blowing the warm or hot secondary blowing air so that the filaments remain stretchable on their way. In this way, a very effective stretching is thus achieved.

Nach besonders bevorzugter Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind Zuführungseinrichtüngen für die Sekundärblasluft mit der Maßgabe angeordnet, dass die Filamente bzw. der Filamentvorhang von beiden Seiten mit Sekundärblasluft beaufschlagbar sind bzw. ist. Zweckmäßigerweise sind also Zuführungseinrichtungen an beiden Seiten des Filamentvorhangs vorgesehen, so dass die beidseitige Beaufschlagung des Filamentvorhangs mit Sekundärblasluft möglich ist.According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention Zuführungseinrichtungen are arranged for the secondary blowing air with the proviso that the filaments or the filament curtain can be acted upon from both sides with secondary blowing air or is. Appropriately, therefore, supply means are provided on both sides of the filament curtain, so that the bidirectional loading of the filament curtain with secondary blowing air is possible.

Nach einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung erfolgt die Anblasung mit der Sekundärblasluft von zumindest einer Seite der Filamente bzw. des Filamentvorhangs zeitlich konstant. Zeitlich konstante Anblasung meint dabei insbesondere, dass die Anblasgeschwindigkeit der Sekundärblasluft zeitlich konstant bleibt. Nach dieser Ausführungsform erfolgt die Anblasung mit der Sekundärblasluft vorzugsweise von beiden Seiten der Filamente bzw. des Filamentvorhangs zeitlich konstant.According to one embodiment of the invention, the blowing with the secondary blowing air from at least one side of the filaments or the filament curtain is constant in time. Temporal constant blowing means in particular, that the blowing speed of the secondary blowing air remains constant over time. According to this embodiment, the blowing with the secondary blowing air is preferably constant in time from both sides of the filaments or the filament curtain.

Nach einer anderen Ausführungsform der Erfindung erfolgt die Anblasung mit der Sekundärblasluft von zumindest einer Seite der Filamente bzw. des Filamentvorhangs pulsierend (d. h. zeitlich nicht konstant). Pulsierende Anblasung meint dabei insbesondere, dass die Anblasgeschwindigkeit der Sekundärblasluft sich im Laufe der Zeit ändert. Dabei kann die Geschwindigkeit der Sekundärblasluft beispielsweise pulsierend bzw. alternierend zwischen 0 und einem Geschwindigkeitswert v1 wechseln.According to another embodiment of the invention, the blowing with the secondary blowing air from at least one side of the filaments or the filament curtain is pulsating (i.e., not constant in time). In particular, pulsating blowing means that the blowing speed of the secondary blowing air changes over time. In this case, the speed of the secondary blowing air can change, for example, in a pulsating or alternating manner between 0 and a speed value v1.

Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung eine Ablegeeinrichtung aufweist, auf der die Filamente als Wirrvlies bzw. Meltblown-Vlies ablegbar sind. Das auf diese Weise erzeugte Meltblown-Vlies wird nach sehr bevorzugter Ausführungsform der Erfindung als Filter bzw. in Filtern und insbesondere in Feinfiltern verwendet.It is within the scope of the invention that the device according to the invention has a depositing device on which the filaments can be deposited as random or meltblown fleece. The meltblown web produced in this way is used in a very preferred embodiment of the invention as a filter or in filters and in particular in fine filters.

Gegenstand der Erfindung ist im Übrigen auch ein Verfahren zur Herstellung der Filamente aus thermoplastischem Kunststoff, wobei - wie beschrieben - sowohl mit der Primärblasluftanblasung als auch mit der Sekundärblasluftanblasung gearbeitet wird. Gegenstand der Erfindung ist fernerhin die Verwendung der Filamente bzw. eines mit den Filamenten hergestellten Meltblown-Vlieses als Filtermaterial.The invention also provides a process for the production of the filaments of thermoplastic material, wherein - as described - is worked both with the Primärblasluftanblasung and with the Sekundärblasluftanblasung. The invention furthermore relates to the use of the filaments or of a meltblown nonwoven produced with the filaments as filter material.

Der Erfindung liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung bzw. mit dem entsprechenden erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren Filamente hergestellt werden können, die sich durch einen überraschend geringen Durchmesser auszeichnen. Es können problemlos Filamente mit einem Filamentdurchmesser kleiner als 1 µm und auch mit einem Filamentdurchmesser deutlich kleiner als 1 µm erzeugt werden. Der Erfindung liegt weiterhin die Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass mit Hilfe der erfindungsgemäßen Sekundärblaslufteinblasung die Filamente effektiv zu zusätzlichen Schwingungen angeregt werden und dass dadurch die Anzahl der Verstreckpunkte bzw. Verstreckbereiche effektiv erhöht wird. In Kombination damit kommt besondere Bedeutung der Anblasung von Sekundärblasluft mit höherer Temperatur zu, da hierdurch die thermoplastische Phase der Filamente wirksam verlängert werden kann. Im Ergebnis wird gleichsam durch die effektiven Zusatzverstreckungen eine überraschend weitgehende Reduzierung des Filamentdurchmessers gegenüber bislang bekannten Maßnahmen erreicht. Diese Filamente mit sehr geringem Durchmesser können zu Meltblown-Vliesen abgelegt werden, die als leistungsstarke Filter bzw. Feinfilter mit hoher Abscheideleistung bei geringem Druckverlust eingesetzt werden können. Insbesondere können bislang bekannte Glasfaserfilter durch erfindungsgemäß erzeugte Meltblown-Vliese ersetzt werden.The invention is based on the finding that with a device according to the invention or with the corresponding method according to the invention filaments can be produced, which are characterized by a surprisingly small diameter. It can easily filaments with a filament diameter smaller than 1 micron and also be produced with a filament diameter significantly smaller than 1 micron. The invention is further based on the finding that the filaments are effectively excited to additional oscillations with the aid of the secondary blowing-off of the invention, and that the number of draw points or draw regions is thereby effectively increased. In combination with this, special importance is attached to the blowing of secondary higher-temperature blowing air, since this can effectively prolong the thermoplastic phase of the filaments. As a result, as a result of the effective additional dilutions, a surprisingly substantial reduction of the filament diameter is achieved in comparison to previously known measures. These very small diameter filaments can be deposited into meltblown webs that can be used as high performance filters or fine filters with high separation efficiency and low pressure loss. In particular, previously known glass fiber filters can be replaced by meltblown webs produced according to the invention.

Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand einer lediglich ein Ausführungsbeispiel darstellenden Zeichnung näher erläutert. Die einzige Figur zeigt in schematischer Darstellung einen Schnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung.The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to a drawing showing only one exemplary embodiment. The single FIGURE shows a schematic representation of a section through a device according to the invention.

Dargestellt ist eine Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Filamenten 1 aus thermoplastischem Kunststoff, wobei die Vorrichtung einen Meltblown-Blaskopf 2 aufweist. Der Meltblown-Blaskopf 2 ist mit einem Kunststoffführungskern 3 ausgestattet, der im Ausführungsbeispiel eine Reihe von Düsenbohrungen 4 für den Austritt der Kunststoffschmelze aufweist. Die Reihe der Düsenbohrungen 4 erstreckt sich senkrecht zur Papierebene.Shown is a device for producing filaments 1 of thermoplastic material, wherein the device comprises a meltblown die 2. The meltblown die 2 is equipped with a plastic guide core 3, which in the embodiment has a number of nozzle holes 4 for the exit of the plastic melt. The row of nozzle bores 4 extends perpendicular to the plane of the paper.

Beidseits des Kunststoffführungskernes 3 sind nicht näher dargestellte Zuführungseinrichtungen angeordnet, mit denen die Filamente 1 im Bereich der Mündungen der Düsenbohrungen 4 beidseitig mit der Primärblasluft beaufschlagbar sind. Die beidseitige Primärblasluftbeaufschlagung ist im Ausführungsbeispiel durch die beiden Pfeile A angedeutet. In der Figur ist erkennbar, dass die Primärblasluft bzw. die Primärblasluftflächenstrahlen unterhalb der Düsenbohrung 4 spitzwinklig gegeneinander geführt sind. Die Primärblasluft wird beidseitig durch Spalte 5 zwischen Kunststoffführungskern 3 und den Düsenlippen 6 zugeführt. Dabei sind zweckmäßigerweise die Düsenlippen 6 verstellbar, so dass die Spaltweite w einstellbar ist. Vorzugsweise und im Ausführungsbeispiel ist auch der Abstand x zwischen der Spitze des Kunststoffführungskernes 3 und der horizontalen Verlängerung der Düsenlippenspitzen einstellbar.On both sides of the plastic guide core 3 supply means not shown are arranged, with which the filaments 1 in the mouths of the nozzle bores 4 are acted on both sides with the Primärblasluft. The bilateral Primärblasluftbeaufschlagung is indicated in the embodiment by the two arrows A. In the figure, it can be seen that the primary blowing air or the Primärblasluftflächenstrahlen are guided at an acute angle below the nozzle bore 4 against each other. The primary blowing air is supplied on both sides by column 5 between the plastic guide core 3 and the die lips 6. In this case, the nozzle lips 6 are expediently adjustable, so that the gap width w is adjustable. Preferably and in the embodiment, the distance x between the tip of the plastic guide core 3 and the horizontal extension of the nozzle lip tips is adjustable.

Erfindungsgemäß sind beidseitig des Filamentvorhangs aus den Filamenten 1 nicht näher dargestellte Zuführungseinrichtungen für Sekundärblasluft vorhanden, mit der die Filamente unterhalb des Meltblown-Blaskopfes 2 seitlich mit Sekundärblasluft beaufschlagt werden. Diese Sekundärblasluftbeaufschlagung ist in der Figur durch die Pfeile B angedeutet worden. In der Figur ist weiterhin erkennbar, dass die Sekundärblasluft nach bevorzugter Ausführungsform der Erfindung orthogonal bzw. im Wesentlichen orthogonal zu den durch die Düsenbohrungen 4 verlaufenden gedachten Geraden 7 anblasbar ist. Der Winkel α zwischen der Sekundärblasluftanblasung bzw. zwischen einem Sekundärblasluftstrahl und einer Geraden 7 beträgt also 90° oder in etwa 90°. In der Figur ist angedeutet worden, dass aufgrund der Anblasung mit Sekundärluft hoher Geschwindigkeit eine Schwingung der Filamente 1 effektiv verstärkt wird. Auf diese Weise ergeben sich zusätzliche Verstreckpunkte bzw. Punkte der Fadenunterziehung an den Filamenten.According to the invention, supply means for secondary blowing air, not shown in greater detail, are provided on both sides of the filament curtain from the filaments 1, with which the filaments below the meltblown blow head 2 are laterally charged with secondary blowing air. This Sekundärblasluftbeaufschlagung has been indicated in the figure by the arrows B. It can also be seen in the figure that according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the secondary blowing air can be inflated orthogonally or essentially orthogonally to the imaginary straight lines 7 passing through the nozzle bores 4. The angle α between the Sekundärblasluftanblasung or between a Sekundärblasluftstrahl and a straight line 7 is therefore 90 ° or approximately 90 °. In the figure, it has been indicated that due to the blowing of high-velocity secondary air, an oscillation of the filaments 1 is effectively enhanced. In this way, additional draw points or points of Fadenunterziehung to the filaments.

Vorzugsweise und im Ausführungsbeispiel wird Sekundärblasluft mit einer Temperatur höher 50 °C angeblasen. Im Ausführungsbeispiel und nach sehr bevorzugter Ausführungsform beträgt die Temperatur der Sekundärblasluft 65 °C bis 85 °C, bevorzugt 70 °C bis 80 °C.Preferably, and in the embodiment, secondary blowing air having a temperature higher than 50 ° C is blown. In the embodiment and according to a very preferred embodiment, the temperature of the secondary blowing air is 65 ° C to 85 ° C, preferably 70 ° C to 80 ° C.

Unterhalb des Meltblown-Blaskopfes 2 und unterhalb der Sekundärblasluftanblasung befindet sich im Ausführungsbeispiel eine Ablegeeinrichtung 8, die vorzugsweise und im Ausführungsbeispiel als Siebband ausgebildet ist. Auf diese Ablegeeinrichtung 8 werden die Filamente zweckmäßigerweise als nicht dargestelltes Meltblown-Vlies abgelegt. Das Meltblown-Vlies eignet sich insbesondere für Filteranwendungen.Below the meltblown die 2 and below the Sekundärblasluftanblasung is in the embodiment, a depositing device 8, which is preferably formed and in the embodiment as a wire belt. In this depositing device 8, the filaments are expediently stored as not shown meltblown fleece. The meltblown fleece is particularly suitable for filter applications.

Claims (11)

Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Filamenten (1) aus thermoplastischem Kunststoff ― mit einem Meltblown-Blaskopf (2), der einen Kunststoffführungskern (3) mit zumindest einer Reihe von Düsenbohrungen (4) für den Austritt der Kunststoffschmelze aufweist
und der fernerhin beidseits des Kunststoffführungskernes (3) angeordnete Zuführungseinrichtungen für Primärblasluft aufweist, mit denen die Filamente (1) im Bereich der Mündungen der Düsenbohrungen (4) beidseitig mit der Primärblasluft beaufschlagbar sind
und wobei zumindest eine Zuführungseinrichtung für Sekundärblasluft vorgesehen ist, mit der die Filamente (1) unterhalb des Meltblown-Blaskopfes (2) seitlich mit Sekundärblasluft beaufschlagbar sind.Apparatus for producing filaments (1) from thermoplastic material - comprising a meltblown blow head (2) which has a plastic guide core (3) with at least one row of nozzle bores (4) for the exit of the plastic melt
and which further comprises on both sides of the plastic guide core (3) arranged feeding means for primary blowing air, with which the filaments (1) in the region of the mouths of the nozzle bores (4) are acted upon on both sides with the Primärblasluft
and wherein at least one supply device for secondary blowing air is provided, with which the filaments (1) below the meltblown blow head (2) are laterally acted upon with secondary blowing air. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Primärblasluft beidseitig durch Spalte (5) zwischen Kunststoffführungskern (3) und Düsenlippen (6) zuführbar ist und wobei die Spaltweite w der Spalte und der Abstand x zwischen Kunststoffführungskernspitze und (gedachter) horizontaler Verlängerung der Düsenlippenspitze einstellbar ist.Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the primary blowing air can be supplied on both sides by gaps (5) between the plastic guide core (3) and die lips (6) and wherein the gap width w of the gap and the distance x between the plastic guide core tip and (imaginary) horizontal extension of the nozzle lip tip are adjustable. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, wobei die Sekundärblasluft mit einem Winkel α von 50° bis 90° vorzugsweise von 65° bis 90° und bevorzugt von 75° bis 90° zu einer durch eine Düsenbohrung (4) verlaufenden gedachten Geraden (7) anblasbar ist.Device according to one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the secondary blowing air at an angle α of 50 ° to 90 °, preferably from 65 ° to 90 ° and preferably from 75 ° to 90 ° to an imaginary line extending through a nozzle bore (4) (7 ) is inflatable. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, wobei die Sekundärblasluft orthogonal bzw. im Wesentlichen orthogonal zu einer durch eine Düsenbohrung verlaufenden gedachten Geraden (7) ablasbar ist.Apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the Sekundärblasluft is orthogonal or substantially orthogonal to an imaginary line extending through a nozzle bore (7) ablasbar. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, wobei die zumindest eine Zuführungseinrichtung für die Sekundärblasluft mit der Maßgabe eingerichtet ist, dass Sekundärblasluft mit im Vergleich zur Raumtemperatur (20 °C) erhöhter Temperatur anblasbar ist.Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the at least one feed device for the secondary blowing air is set with the proviso that secondary blowing air is inflated with compared to the room temperature (20 ° C) elevated temperature. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, wobei Sekundärblasluft mit einer Temperatur höher 50 °C, vorzugsweise höher 60 °C anblasbar ist.Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein secondary blowing air having a temperature higher than 50 ° C, preferably higher 60 ° C is inflatable. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, wobei die relative Luftfeuchtigkeit der Sekundärblasluft kleiner als 70 %, vorzugsweise kleiner als 50 % und bevorzugt kleiner als 20 % ist.Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the relative humidity of the secondary blowing air is less than 70%, preferably less than 50% and preferably less than 20%. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, wobei Zuführungseinrichtungen für die Sekundärblasluft mit der Maßgabe angeordnet sind, dass die Filamente (1) bzw. der Filamentvorhang von beiden Seiten mit Sekundärblasluft beaufschlagbar sind.Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein supply means for the secondary blowing air are arranged with the proviso that the filaments (1) or the filament curtain can be acted upon from both sides with secondary blowing air. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, wobei die Anblasung mit der Sekundärblasluft von zumindest einer Seite zeitlich konstant erfolgt.Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the blowing with the secondary blowing air from at least one side takes place temporally constant. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, wobei die Anblasung mit der Sekundärblasluft von zumindest einer Seite pulsierend erfolgt.Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the blowing with the secondary blowing air is pulsating from at least one side. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, wobei eine Ablegeeinrichtung (8) vorgesehen ist, auf der die Filamente als Spinnvlies ablegbar sind.Device according to one of claims 1 to 10, wherein a depositing device (8) is provided, on which the filaments can be deposited as a spunbonded fabric.
EP04022248A 2004-09-17 2004-09-17 Device for producing filaments from thermoplastic material Active EP1637632B1 (en)

Priority Applications (11)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK04022248T DK1637632T3 (en) 2004-09-17 2004-09-17 Apparatus for making thermoplastic filaments
EP04022248A EP1637632B1 (en) 2004-09-17 2004-09-17 Device for producing filaments from thermoplastic material
AT04022248T ATE368759T1 (en) 2004-09-17 2004-09-17 DEVICE FOR PRODUCING FILAMENTS FROM THERMOPLASTIC PLASTIC
DE502004004519T DE502004004519D1 (en) 2004-09-17 2004-09-17 Device for producing filaments of thermoplastic material
ES04022248T ES2287619T3 (en) 2004-09-17 2004-09-17 DEVICE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF THERMOPLASTIC MATERIAL FILAMENTS.
MXPA05009748A MXPA05009748A (en) 2004-09-17 2005-09-13 Device for producing filaments from thermoplastic material.
KR1020050085835A KR100783450B1 (en) 2004-09-17 2005-09-14 Device for producing filaments from thermoplastic synthetic
US11/226,231 US20060061006A1 (en) 2004-09-17 2005-09-15 Device for producing filaments from thermoplastic synthetic
CN2005101040755A CN1757800B (en) 2004-09-17 2005-09-15 Device for producing filaments from thermoplastic synthetic
JP2005269633A JP2006083511A (en) 2004-09-17 2005-09-16 Mechanism for producing filament from thermoplastic synthetic material
BRPI0504077-9A BRPI0504077B1 (en) 2004-09-17 2005-09-16 Device for producing filaments of a synthetic thermoplastic

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EP1637632B1 EP1637632B1 (en) 2007-08-01

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JP (1) JP2006083511A (en)
KR (1) KR100783450B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1757800B (en)
AT (1) ATE368759T1 (en)
BR (1) BRPI0504077B1 (en)
DE (1) DE502004004519D1 (en)
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DE102012004227A1 (en) * 2012-03-06 2013-09-12 Carl Freudenberg Kg Producing polymer fibers, preferably e.g. nonwoven fabric, comprises extruding polymer melt using spinning nozzle arrangement to obtain polymer fibers in free jet, stretching fibers using primary gas stream, and cooling and tempering fibers
WO2013182296A1 (en) * 2012-06-04 2013-12-12 Irema-Filter Gmbh Method for producing a nonwoven fabric
US11571645B2 (en) 2013-05-16 2023-02-07 Iremea-Filter Gmbh Fibrous nonwoven and method for the production thereof

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BRPI0504077B1 (en) 2015-08-04
ES2287619T3 (en) 2007-12-16
KR100783450B1 (en) 2007-12-07
US20060061006A1 (en) 2006-03-23
JP2006083511A (en) 2006-03-30
BRPI0504077A (en) 2006-05-02
MXPA05009748A (en) 2006-05-31
CN1757800A (en) 2006-04-12
CN1757800B (en) 2010-05-05
DE502004004519D1 (en) 2007-09-13
ATE368759T1 (en) 2007-08-15
EP1637632B1 (en) 2007-08-01
KR20060051299A (en) 2006-05-19
DK1637632T3 (en) 2007-10-29

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