EP1633493A1 - Standing ultrasonic wave spraying arrangement - Google Patents

Standing ultrasonic wave spraying arrangement

Info

Publication number
EP1633493A1
EP1633493A1 EP04739475A EP04739475A EP1633493A1 EP 1633493 A1 EP1633493 A1 EP 1633493A1 EP 04739475 A EP04739475 A EP 04739475A EP 04739475 A EP04739475 A EP 04739475A EP 1633493 A1 EP1633493 A1 EP 1633493A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reflector
sonotrode
standing wave
ultrasonic standing
atomizer arrangement
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP04739475A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1633493B1 (en
Inventor
Gert Stauch
Björn MATTHIAS
Uwe GÖRGES
Gunter BÖRNER
Hidetoshi Yamabe
Josef Wittmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Patent GmbH
Original Assignee
ABB Patent GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Patent GmbH filed Critical ABB Patent GmbH
Publication of EP1633493A1 publication Critical patent/EP1633493A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1633493B1 publication Critical patent/EP1633493B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B17/00—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups
    • B05B17/04—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods
    • B05B17/06—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations
    • B05B17/0607—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations generated by electrical means, e.g. piezoelectric transducers
    • B05B17/0623—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations generated by electrical means, e.g. piezoelectric transducers coupled with a vibrating horn

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an ultrasonic standing wave atomizer arrangement for generating a paint spray for painting a workpiece with at least one sonotrode, with one component arranged opposite the at least one sonotrode, a standing being during operation in the space between the at least one sonotrode and the component Forms ultrasonic field.
  • the ultrasonic standing wave atomizer arrangement is provided with at least one nozzle-shaped paint supply device, which is arranged perpendicular to the central axis of each sonotrode and introduces the paint into the intermediate space at least one paint exit point for the atomization process.
  • paint coats have been applied to automobile bodies and similar large-area objects in a known manner by means of high-speed rotary atomizers, which produce a fine paint spray which is usually applied to the surface to be coated by suitable additional measures, for example in the case of electrically conductive paints by means of an electric field.
  • paint rates of 200 ml / mm - 400 ml / mm and larger are achieved.
  • the quality required for the coating is achieved in particular in that the diameter of the drops of paint in the spray mist are in the range from 10 ⁇ m ⁇ d ⁇ r0 pfen ⁇ 60 ⁇ m.
  • the known high-speed atomization has the following disadvantages, which relate to both the product quality and the manufacturing effort required can impact.
  • the atomization quality and the output are essentially determined by the shape and speed of the rotating bell, as the rotating part that applies the paint is called.
  • cleaned compressed air is required, which acts on an air turbine coupled to the bell. The cleaning of the compressed air causes additional effort.
  • the rotating bell is replaced by linearly vibrating ultrasonic sonotrodes.
  • the drive air for the compressed air turbine which is expensive due to the necessary cleaning, is eliminated.
  • the paint droplets in ultrasonic standing wave atomization have a lower initial speed than in high-speed rotary atomization, so that significantly less cleaned air is required to direct the paint spray towards the body. This in turn results in lower consumption of more expensive, cleaned paint and, on the other hand, less paint, since less paint flows past the bodywork due to the reduced air flow.
  • more expensive cleaning air is required than with the sonotrode, or a greater distance between the reflector and the lamella must be selected. Because the sonotrode is easier to protect against wetting by the paint than the reflector, because the paint droplets are kept away from the sonotrode by the vibrations.
  • the paint thus has no direct contact with the sputtering device, as a result of which any wear and tear due to a lack of abrasion is avoided.
  • the coating is usually applied in the form of a spray cone with an oval cross section. This can be advantageous when painting narrow parts.
  • the risk of wetting is also reduced if the sonotrode and reflector end faces are inclined towards one another, which creates a larger opening for the paint outlet. This can also be achieved by bevelled end faces.
  • the component arranged opposite the sonotrode is a coaxially aligned reflector whose end face facing the sonotrode has a step-shaped offset and the depth of the offset is a multiple of half the wavelength in the Sonotrode generated sound vibrations in air corresponds.
  • the reflector is designed as a passive reflector, wherein it is preferably designed as a plate, in particular as a circular disk-shaped plate, the cross-section of which at least corresponds to that of the sonotrode used in the ultrasonic standing wave atomizer arrangement.
  • the thickness of the reflector also corresponds to a multiple of half the wavelength of the sound vibrations generated in the sonotrode, the thickness of the reflector being at least 10 mm.
  • the step-shaped offset in the reflector is molded into the reflector below the horizontal central axis of the reflector, wherein the recess can have a wedge shape to a semicircular shape.
  • step-shaped offset in the reflector being formed in a semicircular or sector-like manner with an opening which widens symmetrically in the spraying direction into the end face of the reflector opposite the sonotrode.
  • step-like offset molded into the end face of the reflector in a sector-like manner can have an opening angle ⁇ of 45 ° ⁇ ⁇ 180 °, preferably the step-shaped offset formed in the sector-like end face of the reflector has an opening angle ⁇ of 135 °.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic side view of a first paint spray arrangement with a sonotrode with a uniform passive reflector.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic side view of a second paint spray arrangement with a sonotrode with a stepped passive reflector
  • Fig. 4 is an end view of a second stepped reflector
  • Fig. 5 is an end face view of a third stepped reflector.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic side view of a first paint spray arrangement 10 with a sonotrode 12 with a uniformly formed passive reflector! 4, between which a standing wave is generated by the vibrations generated in the sonotrode 22 and emerging from the end face 16 thereof facing the reflector 14, with individual bellies, not shown here, into which paint supply tubes 18 are immersed and feed the paint intended for coating, which forms in the form of a spray cone 19 widening in the direction of spraying and thus provides a corresponding covering of the workpiece to be coated with lacquer.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic side view of a second paint spray arrangement 20 with a sonotrode 22, as is also already shown and described in FIG. 1, and with a graduated passive reflector 24 shown here in longitudinal section AB in accordance with the representations in FIGS. 3 to 5
  • a standing wave with individual bellies, not shown here, into which lacquer feed tubes 18 are also immersed and supply the lacquer intended for lacquer application Forms a widening in the spray direction spray cone 19 and thus correspondingly covers the workpiece to be coated with paint.
  • the reflector 24 used here has an indentation 28 which extends from its underside to the horizontal center line and which can be designed differently in accordance with the variants shown in FIGS. 3 to 5.
  • the depth of the indentation 28 is an arbitrary multiple of half the wavelength ⁇ of the acoustic vibration in air.
  • FIG. 4 shows the end face view of a second stepped reflector 24.2, in which the indentation 28.2 widens in a wedge shape from the center of the circular reflector 24.2 with an opening angle 90 ° ⁇ ⁇ 180 ° "
  • FIG. 5 shows the end face view of a third stepped reflector 24.3, which is designed as a rectangular, that is to say square here, plate and likewise has a wedge-shaped indentation 28.3 widening downwards from the center, the opening angle of which is similar to that shown in FIG. 4 Opening angle 90 ° ⁇ ⁇ 180 ° is provided.
  • the purpose of the shaping 28 of the reflector 24.1, 24.2 and 24.3 according to the invention is not to unnecessarily reduce the amount of lacquer which can be applied with the respective spraying device as a result of the geometry-related impediment in the region of the reflector.
  • the indentations 28.1 to 28.3 according to the invention it is now ensured that, on the one hand, the standing wave field between the sonotrode and reflector is not weakened as a result of the phase waves being out of phase and, on the other hand, a relatively large opening for the paint exit from the atomization chamber is created with the indentation.
  • the round or angular reflector can also have steps in the form of circular sections, circular segments and circular sectors, the number of the molded steps, their step height or depth and the position of the coating conveyor tubes in relation to the segmented reflector depending on the application with regard to the criteria of the maximum coating rate, low risk of wetting, shaping of the paint spray cone or cheapest electrostatic charging can be selected.
  • the reflector can also be provided with an air cushion.
  • the expanded opening has the advantage that relatively high electrical field strengths (8 ⁇ 25 kV / cm) are possible with electrostatic charging in the vicinity of the lacquer lamellae, because the field-shielding effect of the reflector is reduced.

Landscapes

  • Special Spraying Apparatus (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a standing ultrasonic wave spraying arrangement (10, 20) for creating a spray mist of lacquer used for lacquering a workpiece. Said standing ultrasonic wave spraying arrangement comprises a sonotrode (12, 22), a structural part (14, 24) that is located across from the sonotrode (12, 22), a standing ultrasonic field being generated in the intermediate space between the at least one sonotrode (12, 22) and the structural part (14, 24) during operation, and at least one nozzle-shaped lacquer delivering device (18) which is disposed perpendicular to the central axis of the sonotrode (12, 22) and feeds the lacquer into the intermediate space at least at one lacquer discharge point for the spraying process. The structural part located across from the sonotrode (22) is embodied as a coaxially aligned reflector (24). The side (26) of the structural part, which faces the sonotrode (22), is provided with a step-shaped recess (28), the depth of said recess (28) corresponding to a multiple of half the wavelength < of the airborne sound vibrations generated in the sonotrode (22).

Description

Ultraschall-Stehwellen-Zerstäuberanordnunq Ultrasonic standing wave Zerstäuberanordnunq
Beschreibungdescription
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Ultraschall-Stehwellen-Zerstäuberanordnung zur Erzeugung eines Lack-Sprühnebels zum Lackieren eines Werkstückes mit wenigstens einer Sonotrode, mit einem der wenigstens einen Sonotrode gegenüberliegend angeordneten Bauteil, wobei sich beim Betrieb im Zwischenraum zwischen der wenigstens einen Sonotrode und dem Bauteil ein stehendes Ultraschallfeld ausbildet. Darüber hinaus ist die Ultraschall-Stehwellen-Zerstäuberanordnung mit wenigstens einer düsenförmigen Lackzufuhrvorrichtung versehen, die senkrecht zur Mittelachse jeder Sonotrode angeordnet ist und den Lack an wenigstens einer Lackaustrittsstelle für den Zerstäubungsvorgang in den Zwischenraum einbringt.The invention relates to an ultrasonic standing wave atomizer arrangement for generating a paint spray for painting a workpiece with at least one sonotrode, with one component arranged opposite the at least one sonotrode, a standing being during operation in the space between the at least one sonotrode and the component Forms ultrasonic field. In addition, the ultrasonic standing wave atomizer arrangement is provided with at least one nozzle-shaped paint supply device, which is arranged perpendicular to the central axis of each sonotrode and introduces the paint into the intermediate space at least one paint exit point for the atomization process.
Seither werden Lackanstriche bei Automobilkarosserien und ähnlichen großflächigen Gegenständen in bekannter Weise mittels Hochrotationszerstäubern aufgebracht, welche einen feinen Lacksprühnebel erzeugen, der üblicherweise durch geeignete Zusatzmaßnahmen, zum Beispiel bei elektrisch leitfähigen Lacken mittels elektrischem Feld, auf die zu beschichtende Oberfläche appliziert wird.Since then, paint coats have been applied to automobile bodies and similar large-area objects in a known manner by means of high-speed rotary atomizers, which produce a fine paint spray which is usually applied to the surface to be coated by suitable additional measures, for example in the case of electrically conductive paints by means of an electric field.
Dabei werden bei der Verwendung von umweltfreundlichem wasserlöslichen Basislack Lackraten von 200 ml/mm - 400 ml/mm und größer erzielt. Die für die Beschichtung geforderte Qualität, wie Ebenheit der Oberfläche und Vermeidung von Blasen, wird insbesondere dadurch erreicht, daß die Durchmesser der Lacktropfen des Sprühnebels im Bereich von 10 μm < dτr0pfen <60 μm liegen.When using environmentally friendly water-soluble basecoat, paint rates of 200 ml / mm - 400 ml / mm and larger are achieved. The quality required for the coating, such as flatness of the surface and avoidance of bubbles, is achieved in particular in that the diameter of the drops of paint in the spray mist are in the range from 10 μm <dτ r0 pfen <60 μm.
Die bekannte Hochrotationszerstäubung ist mit folgenden Nachteilen behaftet, die sich sowohl auf die Produktqualität als auch auf den erforderlichen Herstellaufwand auswirken können. Die Zerstäubungsqualität sowie die Ausbringung wird wesentlich bestimmt durch die Form und Drehzahl der rotierenden Glocke, wie das den Lack ausbringende Rotationsteil bezeichnet wird. Für den Antrieb der Glocke ist gereinigte Druckluft erforderlich, welche eine mit der Glocke gekoppelte Luftturbine beaufschlagt. Die Reinigung der Druckluft verursacht zusätzlichen Aufwand.The known high-speed atomization has the following disadvantages, which relate to both the product quality and the manufacturing effort required can impact. The atomization quality and the output are essentially determined by the shape and speed of the rotating bell, as the rotating part that applies the paint is called. To drive the bell, cleaned compressed air is required, which acts on an air turbine coupled to the bell. The cleaning of the compressed air causes additional effort.
Infolge der mit ca. 100.000 min"1 sehr hohen Drehzahl der Rotationszerstäuber haben die so beschleunigten Lackpartikel eine hohe Anfangsgeschwindigkeit, wodurch deren exakte Ausrichtung auf die zu beschichtenden Flächen, zum Beispiel auf die Karosserieoberfläche, beeinträchtigt ist, so daß hierdurch eine nicht zu vernachlässigende Menge an Lack an der Zielfläche vorbeifliegt.As a result of about 100,000 min "1 very high rotational speed of the rotary atomizer, the so accelerated paint particles have a high initial velocity, so that their precise alignment, is impaired on the surfaces to be coated, for example, on the body surface so that in this way a non-negligible amount flies past the target surface.
Darüber hinaus ist die ausbringbare Menge an Lack pro Zeiteinheit beim Auftrag mittels Hochrotationszerstäubern limitiert, was wiederum den erforderlichen Zeitaufwand für den Lackauftrag erhöht.In addition, the amount of paint that can be applied per unit of time when applying by means of high-speed rotary atomizers is limited, which in turn increases the time required for applying the paint.
Aus der DE 102 45 324 und aus der DE 102 45 326 ist eine Ultraschall-Stehwellen- Zerstäuberanordnung der eingangs genannten Art bekanntgeworden, bei welcher an Stelle der Hochrotationszerstäubung die Stehwellenzerstäubung mittels Ultraschall Anwendung findet. Diese hat gegenüber der Hochrotationszerstäubung die folgenden Vorteile:From DE 102 45 324 and from DE 102 45 326 an ultrasonic standing wave atomizer arrangement of the type mentioned at the outset has become known, in which the standing wave atomization by means of ultrasound is used instead of the high-speed atomization. This has the following advantages over high-speed rotary atomization:
Die rotierende Glocke wird hierbei durch linear schwingende Ultraschallsonotroden ersetzt. Dies führt zu einer Erhöhung der Zuverlässigkeit beziehungsweise der Lebensdauer des Zerstäubers. Außerdem entfällt die wegen der erforderlichen Reinigung teure Antriebsluft für die Druckluftturbine. Auch haben die Lacktröpfchen bei der Ultraschall-Stehwellen-Zerstäubung eine geringere Anfangsgeschwindigkeit als bei der Hochrotationszerstäubung, so daß wesentlich weniger gereinigte Luft erforderlich ist, um den Lacksprühnebel zur Karosserie zu lenken. Dies wiederum bewirkt einerseits geringeren Verbrauch an teurer gereinigter als auch andererseits an Lack, da infolge der verminderten Luftströmung weniger Lack an der Karosserie vorbeifliegt. Lediglich zum Schutz des Reflektors vor der Benetzung durch den Lack ist mehr teure Reinigungsluft als bei der Sonotrode erforderlich beziehungsweise, beziehungsweise es muß ein größerer Abstand des Reflektors zur Lamelle gewählt werden. Da die Sonotrode leichter vor Benetzung durch den Lack zu schützen ist als der Reflektor, weil die Lacktröpfchen durch die Schwingungen von der Sonotrode fern gehalten werden.The rotating bell is replaced by linearly vibrating ultrasonic sonotrodes. This leads to an increase in the reliability or the lifespan of the atomizer. In addition, the drive air for the compressed air turbine, which is expensive due to the necessary cleaning, is eliminated. The paint droplets in ultrasonic standing wave atomization have a lower initial speed than in high-speed rotary atomization, so that significantly less cleaned air is required to direct the paint spray towards the body. This in turn results in lower consumption of more expensive, cleaned paint and, on the other hand, less paint, since less paint flows past the bodywork due to the reduced air flow. Merely to protect the reflector from wetting by the paint, more expensive cleaning air is required than with the sonotrode, or a greater distance between the reflector and the lamella must be selected. Because the sonotrode is easier to protect against wetting by the paint than the reflector, because the paint droplets are kept away from the sonotrode by the vibrations.
Der Lack hat somit anders als bei der Hochrotationszerstäubung bei der Ultraschallstehwellen-Zerstäubung keinen direkten Kontakt zu der Zerstäubungseinrichtung, wodurch jeglicher Verschleiß infolge fehlendem Abrieb vermieden wird. Üblicherweise erfolgt bei der Ultraschall-Stehwellen-Zerstäubung der Lackauftrag in Form eines Sprühkegels mit ovalem Querschnitt. Dies kann vorteilhaft sein bei der Lackierung schmaler Teile.In contrast to high-speed sputtering in the case of ultrasonic standing wave sputtering, the paint thus has no direct contact with the sputtering device, as a result of which any wear and tear due to a lack of abrasion is avoided. In the case of ultrasonic standing wave atomization, the coating is usually applied in the form of a spray cone with an oval cross section. This can be advantageous when painting narrow parts.
Die Gefahr der Benetzung wird auch verringert, wenn Sonotroden- und Reflektorstirnflächen gegeneinander geneigt sind, wodurch eine größere Öffnung für den Lackaustritt entsteht. Dies kann auch durch abgeschrägte Stirnflächen erreicht werden.The risk of wetting is also reduced if the sonotrode and reflector end faces are inclined towards one another, which creates a larger opening for the paint outlet. This can also be achieved by bevelled end faces.
Allerdings führen diese Maßnahmen dazu, daß das Ultraschallfeld im Zerstäubungsraum abgeschwächt wird. Dies wird dadurch hervorgerufen, daß die Schallwellen beziehungsweise ein gewisser Anteil nicht mehr nur hin- und zurückwandern, sondern zum Teil den Zerstäubungsraum verlassen. Dadurch wird die maximal zerstäubbare Lackrate reduziert.However, these measures result in the ultrasound field in the atomization chamber being weakened. This is caused by the fact that the sound waves or a certain proportion no longer just travel back and forth, but partly leave the atomization chamber. This reduces the maximum atomizable paint rate.
Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Anordnung der eingangs genannten Art anzugeben, welche bei einfacher Gestaltung eine möglichst große Öffnung für den Lackaustritt bietet, wobei das hierfür genutzte Schallfeld möglichst wenig geschwächt werden soll bei gleichzeitig möglichst unveränderter Lackrate, das heißt gleichzeitig möglichst unveränderter Ausbringung an Lack. Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäß entsprechend den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 vorgesehen, daß das der Sonotrode gegenüberliegend angeordnete Bauteil ein koaxial ausgerichteter Reflektor ist, dessen der Sonotrode zugewandte Stirnfläche einen stufenförmigen Versatz aufweist und wobei die Tiefe des Versatzes einem Vielfachen der halben Wellenlänge der in der Sonotrode erzeugten Schallschwingungen in Luft entspricht.Based on this prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide an arrangement of the type mentioned which, with a simple design, offers the largest possible opening for the paint outlet, the sound field used for this purpose being to be weakened as little as possible and the paint rate unchanged as much as possible means, at the same time, the least possible application of paint. To achieve this object, according to the features of claim 1, it is provided that the component arranged opposite the sonotrode is a coaxially aligned reflector whose end face facing the sonotrode has a step-shaped offset and the depth of the offset is a multiple of half the wavelength in the Sonotrode generated sound vibrations in air corresponds.
In vorteilhafter Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist der Reflektor als passiver Reflektor ausgebildet, wobei er vorzugsweise als Platte, insbesondere als kreisscheibenförmige Platte, ausgebildet ist, deren Querschnitt wenigstens dem der in der Ultraschallstehwellen-Zerstäuberanordnung eingesetzten Sonotrode entspricht.In an advantageous development of the invention, the reflector is designed as a passive reflector, wherein it is preferably designed as a plate, in particular as a circular disk-shaped plate, the cross-section of which at least corresponds to that of the sonotrode used in the ultrasonic standing wave atomizer arrangement.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung erweist es sich als günstig, daß die Dicke des Reflektors ebenfalls einem Vielfachen der halben Wellenlänge der in der Sonotrode erzeugten Schallschwingungen entspricht, wobei die Dicke des Reflektors wenigstens 10 mm beträgt.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, it proves advantageous that the thickness of the reflector also corresponds to a multiple of half the wavelength of the sound vibrations generated in the sonotrode, the thickness of the reflector being at least 10 mm.
Entsprechend einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist der stufenförmige Versatz im Reflektor unterhalb der horizontalen Mittelachse des Reflektors in diesen eingeformt, wobei die Einformung Keilform bis Halbkreisform haben kann.According to an embodiment of the invention, the step-shaped offset in the reflector is molded into the reflector below the horizontal central axis of the reflector, wherein the recess can have a wedge shape to a semicircular shape.
Hieraus ergibt sich in Weiterbildung der Erfindung, daß der stufenförmige Versatz im Reflektor halbkreisförmig oder sektorartig mit sich in Sprührichtung symmetrisch erweiternder Öffnung in die der Sonotrode gegenüberliegende Stirnfläche des Reflektors eingeformt ist. Das heißt, daß der sektorartig in die Stirnfläche des Reflektors eingeformte stufenförmige Versatz einen Öffnungswinkel α von 45°<α<180° aufweisen kann, wobei vorzugsweise der sektorartig in die Stirnfläche des Reflektors eingeformte stufenförmige Versatz einen Öffnungswinkel α von 135° aufweist.In a further development of the invention, this results in the step-shaped offset in the reflector being formed in a semicircular or sector-like manner with an opening which widens symmetrically in the spraying direction into the end face of the reflector opposite the sonotrode. This means that the step-like offset molded into the end face of the reflector in a sector-like manner can have an opening angle α of 45 ° <α <180 °, preferably the step-shaped offset formed in the sector-like end face of the reflector has an opening angle α of 135 °.
Diese und weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Ausführungsformen sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.These and other advantageous configurations and embodiments are Subject of the subclaims.
Anhand eines in der beigefügten Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles sollen die Erfindung, vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Verbesserungen der Erfindung sowie deren besondere Vorteile näher erläutert und beschrieben werden.The invention, advantageous refinements and improvements of the invention and their particular advantages are to be explained and described in more detail with reference to an exemplary embodiment illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
Es zeigenShow it
Fig. 1 eine schematische Seitenansicht einer ersten Lacksprühanordnung mit einer Sonotrode mit einem gleichförmigen passiven Reflektor;Figure 1 is a schematic side view of a first paint spray arrangement with a sonotrode with a uniform passive reflector.
Fig. 2 eine schematische Seitenansicht einer zweiten Lacksprühanordnung mit einer Sonotrode mit einem abgestuften passiven Reflektor;2 shows a schematic side view of a second paint spray arrangement with a sonotrode with a stepped passive reflector;
Fig. 3 eine Stirnflächenansicht eines ersten abgestuften Reflektors;3 shows an end face view of a first stepped reflector;
Fig. 4 eine Stirnflächenansicht eines zweiten abgestuften Reflektors undFig. 4 is an end view of a second stepped reflector and
Fig. 5 eine Stirnflächenansicht eines dritten abgestuften Reflektors.Fig. 5 is an end face view of a third stepped reflector.
In Fig. 1 ist eine schematische Seitenansicht einer ersten Lacksprühanordnung 10 mit einer Sonotrode 12 mit einem gleichförmig ausgebildeten passiven Reflektor! 4 dargestellt, zwischen welchen durch die in der Sonotrode 22 erzeugten und aus deren dem Reflektor 14 zugewandten Stirnfläche 16 austretenden Schwingungen eine Stehwelle erzeugt wird mit einzelnen, hier nicht näher dargestellten Schallschnellebäuchen, in welche jeweils Lackzufuhrröhrchen 18 eintauchen und den zum Lackauftrag vorgesehenen Lack zuführen, der in Form eines sich in Sprührichtung erweiternden Sprühkegels 19 ausbildet und somit eine entsprechende Bedeckung des zu beschichtenden Werkstückes mit Lack bewirkt.In Fig. 1 is a schematic side view of a first paint spray arrangement 10 with a sonotrode 12 with a uniformly formed passive reflector! 4, between which a standing wave is generated by the vibrations generated in the sonotrode 22 and emerging from the end face 16 thereof facing the reflector 14, with individual bellies, not shown here, into which paint supply tubes 18 are immersed and feed the paint intended for coating, which forms in the form of a spray cone 19 widening in the direction of spraying and thus provides a corresponding covering of the workpiece to be coated with lacquer.
Während die Schallaustrittsfläche der Sonotrode 12, das heißt deren Stirnfläche 16, infolge deren Schwingungszustand nicht der Gefahr einer dauerhaften Benetzung mit dem aufzubringenden Lack ausgesetzt ist, besteht dieses Problem sehr wohl beim Reflektor 14, auf dessen hiervon betroffene Stirnfläche der Pfeil P weist. Zur Unterbindung der Benetzung mit Lack beziehungsweise zu deren Minderung und zur Beseitigung des auftreffenden Lacks wird üblicherweise Druckluft verwendet, welche ■ hier nicht näher dargestellt - in Sprührichtung, zugeführt wird.While the sound exit surface of the sonotrode 12, that is to say its end face 16, is not exposed to the risk of permanent wetting with the lacquer to be applied as a result of its vibrational state, this problem does very well with Reflector 14, on the end face of which the arrow P points. Compressed air is usually used to prevent or reduce the wetting with lacquer and to remove the lacquer that strikes it, which ■ is not shown here - in the spray direction.
Fig. 2 zeigt eine schematische Seitenansicht einer zweiten Lacksprühanordnung 20 mit einer Sonotrode 22, wie sie auch in Fig. 1 bereits gezeigt und beschrieben ist sowie mit einem hier im Längsschnitt A-B entsprechend den Darstellungen in den Fig. 3 bis 5 gezeigten abgestuften passiven Reflektor 24, zwischen welchen durch die in der Sonotrode 22 erzeugten und aus deren dem Reflektor zugewandten Stirnfläche 26 austretenden Schwingungen eine Stehwelle mit einzelnen, hier nicht näher dargestellten Schallschnellebäuchen erzeugt wird, in welche ebenfalls Lackzufuhrröhrchen 18 eintauchen und den zum Lackauftrag vorgesehenen Lack zuführen, der sich in Form eines sich in Sprührichtung erweiternden Sprühkegels 19 ausbildet und somit eine entsprechende Bedeckung des zu beschichtenden Werkstückes mit Lack bewirkt.FIG. 2 shows a schematic side view of a second paint spray arrangement 20 with a sonotrode 22, as is also already shown and described in FIG. 1, and with a graduated passive reflector 24 shown here in longitudinal section AB in accordance with the representations in FIGS. 3 to 5 Between which the vibrations generated in the sonotrode 22 and emerging from the end face 26 thereof facing the reflector produce a standing wave with individual bellies, not shown here, into which lacquer feed tubes 18 are also immersed and supply the lacquer intended for lacquer application Forms a widening in the spray direction spray cone 19 and thus correspondingly covers the workpiece to be coated with paint.
Abweichend von der Geometrie des in Fig. 1 dargestellten Reflektors 14 weist der hier eingesetzte Reflektor 24 eine von seiner Unterseite bis zur horizontalen Mittellinie reichende Einformung 28 auf, welche unterschiedlich, entsprechend den in den Fig. 3 bis 5 gezeigten Varianten gestaltet sein kann. Die Tiefe der Einformung 28 beträgt hierbei ein beliebiges Vielfaches der halben Wellenlänge λ der Schallschwingung in Luft. .Deviating from the geometry of the reflector 14 shown in FIG. 1, the reflector 24 used here has an indentation 28 which extends from its underside to the horizontal center line and which can be designed differently in accordance with the variants shown in FIGS. 3 to 5. The depth of the indentation 28 is an arbitrary multiple of half the wavelength λ of the acoustic vibration in air. ,
In Fig. 3 ist die der jeweiligen Sonotrode zugewandte Stirnflächenansicht eines ersten abgestuften Reflektors 24.1 gezeigt, bei welchem die Einformung 28.1 halbkreisförmig ausgebildet ist. Demgemäß erfolgt der Versatz der stirnseitigen Oberfläche des Reflektors 24.1 an der horizontalen Mittelinie mit einem Öffnungswinkel α= 180°.3 shows the end face view of the first stepped reflector 24.1 facing the respective sonotrode, in which the indentation 28.1 is semicircular. Accordingly, the front surface of the reflector 24.1 is offset on the horizontal center line with an opening angle α = 180 °.
In Fig. 4 ist die Stirnflächenansicht eines zweiten abgestuften Reflektors 24.2 gezeigt, bei welchem die Einformung 28.2 keilförmig vom Zentrum des kreisförmigen Reflektors 24.2 sich nach unten erweitert mit einem Öffnungswinkel 90°< α < 180°„ In Fig. 5 schließlich ist die Stirnflächenansicht eines dritten abgestuften Reflektors 24.3 gezeigt, welcher als rechteckförmige, das heißt hier quadratische, Platte ausgebildet ist und ebenfalls eine keilförmige vom Zentrum sich nach unten erweiternde Einformung 28.3 aufweist, deren Öffnungswinkel ähnlich dem in Fig. 4 gezeigten Öffnungswinkel 90° < α < 180° vorgesehen ist.4 shows the end face view of a second stepped reflector 24.2, in which the indentation 28.2 widens in a wedge shape from the center of the circular reflector 24.2 with an opening angle 90 ° <α <180 ° " Finally, FIG. 5 shows the end face view of a third stepped reflector 24.3, which is designed as a rectangular, that is to say square here, plate and likewise has a wedge-shaped indentation 28.3 widening downwards from the center, the opening angle of which is similar to that shown in FIG. 4 Opening angle 90 ° <α <180 ° is provided.
Zweck der erfindungsgemäßen Einformung 28 des Reflektors 24.1 , 24.2 und 24.3 ist es, die mit der jeweiligen Sprühvorrichtung an sich ausbringbare Lackmenge nicht infolge geometriebedingter Behinderung im Bereich des Reflektors unnötigerweise zu verringern. Mit Hilfe der erfindungsgemäßen Einformungen 28.1 bis 28.3 ist nunmehr gewährleistet, daß einerseits das Stehwellefeld zwischen Sonotrode und Reflektor nicht infolge phasenungleichheit der Stehwellen geschwächt wird und andererseits mit der Einformung eine relativ große Öffnung für den Lackaustritt aus dem Zerstäubungsraum geschaffen ist.The purpose of the shaping 28 of the reflector 24.1, 24.2 and 24.3 according to the invention is not to unnecessarily reduce the amount of lacquer which can be applied with the respective spraying device as a result of the geometry-related impediment in the region of the reflector. With the help of the indentations 28.1 to 28.3 according to the invention it is now ensured that, on the one hand, the standing wave field between the sonotrode and reflector is not weakened as a result of the phase waves being out of phase and, on the other hand, a relatively large opening for the paint exit from the atomization chamber is created with the indentation.
Auch kann der runde oder eckige Reflektor Stufen in Form von Kreisabschnitten, Kreissegmenten und Kreissektoren aufweisen, wobei die Anzahl der eingeformten Stufen, deren Stufenhöhe beziehungsweise -tiefe und die Lage der Lackförderröhrchen in bezug auf den segmentierten Reflektor je nach Anwendung hinsichtlich der Kriterien maximale Lackrate, geringe Benetzungsgefahr, Formung des Lacksprühkegels oder günstigste elektrostatische Aufladung gewählt werden kann.The round or angular reflector can also have steps in the form of circular sections, circular segments and circular sectors, the number of the molded steps, their step height or depth and the position of the coating conveyor tubes in relation to the segmented reflector depending on the application with regard to the criteria of the maximum coating rate, low risk of wetting, shaping of the paint spray cone or cheapest electrostatic charging can be selected.
Bei Bedarf kann der Reflektor zusätzlich mit einem Luftpolster versehen werden.If necessary, the reflector can also be provided with an air cushion.
Überdies bietet die erweiterte Öffnung den Vorteil, daß bei elektrostatischer Aufladung in der Nähe der Lacklamellen relativ hohe elektrische Feldstärken 8<25 kV/cm) möglich sind, weil die feldabschirmende Wirkung des Reflektors vermindert ist. In addition, the expanded opening has the advantage that relatively high electrical field strengths (8 <25 kV / cm) are possible with electrostatic charging in the vicinity of the lacquer lamellae, because the field-shielding effect of the reflector is reduced.

Claims

OPatentansprüche OPatentansprüche
1. Ultraschall-Stehwellen-Zerstäuberanordnung (10, 20) zur Erzeugung eines Lack- Sprühnebels zum Lackieren eines Werkstückes mit einer Sonotrode (12, 22), mit einem der Sonotrode (12, 22) gegenüberliegend angeordneten Bauteil (14, 24), wobei sich beim Betrieb im Zwischenraum zwischen der wenigstens einen Sonotrode (12, 22) und dem Bauteil (14, 24) ein stehendes Ultraschallfeld ausbildet, sowie mit wenigstens einer düsenförmigen Lackzufuhrvorrichtung (18), die senkrecht zur Mittelachse der Sonotrode (12, 22) angeordnet ist und den Lack an wenigstens einer Lackaustrittsstelle für den Zerstäubungsvorgang in den Zwischenraum einbringt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das der Sonotrode (22) gegenüberliegend angeordnete Bauteil ein koaxial ausgerichteter Reflektor (24) ist, daß dessen der Sonotrode (22) zugewandte Stirnfläche (26) eine stufenförmige Einformung1. Ultrasonic standing wave atomizer arrangement (10, 20) for generating a paint spray for painting a workpiece with a sonotrode (12, 22), with one of the sonotrode (12, 22) arranged opposite component (14, 24), wherein a standing ultrasonic field is formed during operation in the space between the at least one sonotrode (12, 22) and the component (14, 24), and with at least one nozzle-shaped paint supply device (18) which is arranged perpendicular to the central axis of the sonotrode (12, 22) and introduces the lacquer into the intermediate space at at least one lacquer exit point for the atomization process, characterized in that the component arranged opposite the sonotrode (22) is a coaxially aligned reflector (24) that the end face (26) thereof facing the sonotrode (22) a stepped indentation
(28) aufweist und daß die Tiefe der Einformung (28) einem Vielfachen der halben Wellenlänge λ der in der(28) and that the depth of the indentation (28) is a multiple of half the wavelength λ that in the
Sonotrode (22) erzeugten Schallschwingungen in Luft entspricht.Sonotrode (22) generated sound vibrations in air corresponds.
Ultraschall-Stehwellen-Zerstäuberanordnung nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Reflektor (24) als passiver Reflektor ausgebildet ist.Ultrasonic standing wave atomizer arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the reflector (24) is designed as a passive reflector.
Ultraschall-Stehwellen-Zerstäuberanordnung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Reflektor (24) als kreisscheibenförmige oder als rechteckige Platte ausgebildet ist.Ultrasonic standing wave atomizer arrangement according to claim 2, characterized in that the reflector (24) is designed as a circular disk-shaped or as a rectangular plate.
2. Ultraschall-Stehwellen-Zerstäuberanordnung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Dicke des Reflektors (24) ebenfalls einem Vielfachen der halben Wellenlänge der in der Sonotrode erzeugten Schallschwingungen entspricht.2. Ultrasonic standing wave atomizer arrangement according to claim 3, characterized in that the thickness of the reflector (24) also corresponds to a multiple of half the wavelength of the sound vibrations generated in the sonotrode.
3. Ultraschall-Stehwellen-Zerstäuberanordnung nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Dicke des Reflektors wenigstens 10 mm beträgt.3. Ultrasonic standing wave atomizer arrangement according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the thickness of the reflector is at least 10 mm.
4. Ultraschall-Stehwellen-Zerstäuberanordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die stufenförmige Einformung (28) im Reflektor (24) unterhalb der horizontalen Mittelachse des Reflektors (24) in diesen eingeformt ist.4. Ultrasonic standing wave atomizer arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the step-shaped indentation (28) is formed in the reflector (24) below the horizontal central axis of the reflector (24).
5. Ultraschall-Stehwellen-Zerstäuberanordnung (10) nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die stufenförmige Einformung (28) im Reflektor (24) halbkreisförmig in die der Sonotrode (22) gegenüberliegende Stirnfläche des Reflektors (24) eingeformt ist.5. Ultrasonic standing wave atomizer arrangement (10) according to claim 6, characterized in that the step-shaped indentation (28) in the reflector (24) is formed semicircularly in the end face of the reflector (24) opposite the sonotrode (22).
6. Ultraschall-Stehwellen-Zerstäuberanordnung (10) nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die stufenförmige Einformung (28) im Reflektor (24) sektorartig mit sich in Sprührichtung symmetrisch erweiternder Öffnung in die der Sonotrode gegenüberliegende Stirnfläche des Reflektors (24) eingeformt ist.6. Ultrasonic standing wave atomizer arrangement (10) according to claim 6, characterized in that the step-shaped indentation (28) in the reflector (24) is formed in a sector-like manner with a symmetrically widening opening in the spray direction into the end face of the reflector (24) opposite the sonotrode ,
7. Ultraschall-Stehwellen-Zerstäuberanordnung (10) nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die sektorartige stufenförmige Einformung (28) in der Stirnfläche des Reflektors (24) einen Öffnungswinkel α von 45°<α<180° aufweist.7. Ultrasonic standing wave atomizer arrangement (10) according to claim 8, characterized in that the sector-like step-shaped indentation (28) in the end face of the reflector (24) has an opening angle α of 45 ° <α <180 °.
8. Ultraschall-Stehwellen-Zerstäuberanordnung (10) nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die sektorartige stufenförmige Einformung (28) in der Stirnfläche des Reflektors (24) einen Öffnungswinkel α von 135° aufweist. 8. Ultrasonic standing wave atomizer arrangement (10) according to claim 9, characterized in that the sector-like step-shaped indentation (28) in the end face of the reflector (24) has an opening angle α of 135 °.
EP04739475A 2003-06-18 2004-05-29 Standing ultrasonic wave spraying arrangement Expired - Fee Related EP1633493B1 (en)

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DE10327430A DE10327430A1 (en) 2003-06-18 2003-06-18 Ultrasonic standing-wave atomizer
PCT/EP2004/005864 WO2004110649A1 (en) 2003-06-18 2004-05-29 Standing ultrasonic wave spraying arrangement

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WO2004110649A1 (en) 2004-12-23
JP2006527644A (en) 2006-12-07
EP1633493B1 (en) 2007-06-27
DE502004004196D1 (en) 2007-08-09
US7472850B2 (en) 2009-01-06
DE10327430A1 (en) 2005-01-05
ES2288686T3 (en) 2008-01-16

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