EP1618766B1 - Starter circuit having regulated starting voltage - Google Patents
Starter circuit having regulated starting voltage Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1618766B1 EP1618766B1 EP04727829A EP04727829A EP1618766B1 EP 1618766 B1 EP1618766 B1 EP 1618766B1 EP 04727829 A EP04727829 A EP 04727829A EP 04727829 A EP04727829 A EP 04727829A EP 1618766 B1 EP1618766 B1 EP 1618766B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- switch
- lamp
- ignition
- starting
- pulse transformer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 title 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 title 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
- H05B41/02—Details
- H05B41/04—Starting switches
- H05B41/042—Starting switches using semiconductor devices
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S315/00—Electric lamp and discharge devices: systems
- Y10S315/05—Starting and operating circuit for fluorescent lamp
Definitions
- the present invention relates to circuits for generating ignition pulses for a lamp, such as a high-pressure gas discharge lamp, and to methods for generating ignition pulses for a lamp. Finally, the invention also relates to lamp ballasts having such ignition circuits.
- Fig. 6 shown ignition circuit From the WO 97/08921 is the in Fig. 6 shown ignition circuit known.
- Fig. 6 schematically shown ignition circuit has a magnetic ballast serving as a throttle 3, a pulse transformer 5, the secondary winding 6 is connected in series with the throttle 3 and the high-pressure gas discharge lamp 4, and the primary winding 8 is connected in series with a switching element 9, and a surge capacitor 7, wherein the surge capacitor 7 on the one hand and the series circuit of the primary winding 8 and the switching element 9 on the other hand form a parallel circuit, which in turn is connected in series with a charging resistor 13 to a controllable switch 10.
- the controllable switch 10 is, for example, a bipolar transistor or field effect transistor driven in a rectifier bridge.
- a Zündangeskondensator 11 and a control circuit 12 which serves to control the controllable switch 10.
- the control circuit 12 controls the controllable switch 10 as a function of the occurrence of an ignition pulse for the high-pressure gas discharge lamp 4, wherein an ignition pulse is detected by a Zündimpulserkennung 15, which is connected to the pulse transformer 5 by a special winding 14.
- the voltage applied to the surge capacitor 7 increases by the charging of the surge capacitor 7 via the charging resistor 13, so that the voltage applied to the lamp 4 and the Zündangeskondensator 11 voltage increases.
- the switching voltage of the Sidac 9 it closes briefly and the surge capacitor 7 is discharged via the primary winding 8 of the pulse transformer 5 and the Sidac 9, whereby an ignition pulse is generated at the high-pressure gas discharge lamp 4, via the coupled winding 14 and the Ignition pulse detection 15 of the control circuit 12 is communicated.
- the control circuit 12 Upon detection of an ignition pulse, the control circuit 12 immediately opens the controllable switch 10, so that the resonant circuit formed by the surge capacitor 7, the Sidac 9 and the primary winding 8 of the pulse transformer 5 swings very quickly, since this resonant circuit no new energy is supplied. As a result, the holding current of the Sidac 9 drops very quickly, which allows shortly after the opening of the switch 10, the switch 10 can be closed again, so that a fast Zündimpuls foundation can be achieved.
- a disadvantage of this circuit is that it does not take into account that the ignition voltage decreases with the line capacitance.
- a control unit is provided which is provided in an ignition device for gas discharge lamps, this circuit providing an ignition pulse transmission starting from a TRIAC.
- the present invention has a technique for (continuous) controlling the firing pulse amplitude so that, due to the regulation of the firing pulse amplitude, the setpoint for the firing voltage can be set close to the lower limit of the power window required by the lamp manufacturer, thereby reducing ballast loading as the other components reduced and thus their life can be significantly increased.
- the control unit can control the switch-on time of the switch, wherein the switch-on time is optionally selected in synchronism with a predetermined phase position of the mains voltage.
- an ohmic resistor and / or an inductance can be connected in series with the switch.
- the Zündimpulstransformators can serve as a choke to limit the lamp current after successful ignition of a connected lamp.
- the invention also relates to a ballast having a circuit as described above.
- the invention also relates to a luminaire having a ballast as described above.
- the switch-on duration of the switch starting from a mains-phase-synchronous switch-on of the switch can be controlled in this case.
- the switch-on time of the switch can take place synchronously with a predetermined phase position of the mains voltage.
- Fig. 1 is schematically shown a ballast, for example, for a high-pressure gas discharge lamp.
- the mains voltage is applied to the terminals L, N (L2), wherein an optional compensation capacitor can be connected between these mains voltage terminals L, N (central compensation in the ballast can also be provided).
- a pulse transformer VG of the ballast with a Zündwicklung ZW and a series-connected main winding HW can be seen, the pulse transformer VG is used after the ignition of the lamp schematically illustrated as a choke for the lamp current.
- a generally designated ZG ignition ignition
- the Zündimpulstransformator VG thus serves as a current limiting reactor after the lamp has been started.
- the ignition winding ZW and the main winding HW serve as soon as the lamp burns, in a conventional manner to the current limit for the lamp.
- the igniter ZG has on the one hand a series circuit (series resonant circuit) consisting of a current limiting resistor R1, an inductance L1 and a surge capacitor C1. Furthermore, the ignition device ZG has a switch S1 (for example, a bipolar and MOSFET transistor), by the control of which the charge / discharge processes of the surge capacitor C1 can be controlled.
- a switch S1 for example, a bipolar and MOSFET transistor
- the switch S1 is actuated by a control unit which controls the switching on / off operations of the switch as a function of a difference between a reference voltage U Z-REF detected by a comparator and a detected actual amplitude of the ignition pulses at the lamp LA.
- the switch S1 (preferably a semiconductor in a diode rectifier bridge) is closed to ignite, so that an ignition surge current flows through the series circuit consisting of the ignition winding ZW, the surge capacitor C1, inductance L1 and the current limiting resistor R1.
- This surge current is transformed into the main winding HW of the ignition pulse transformer VG to an ignition voltage pulse, with which the high-pressure gas discharge lamp can be ignited.
- the triggering of the switch S1 is carried out as a function of a detected difference between a setpoint value U Z-REF and that of the actual amplitude of the firing pulses on the lamp.
- this control can of course be changed continuously, ie in contrast to the prior art, the switch S1 can be controlled such that it can be switched on and off arbitrarily during a network half-wave.
- Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 illustrated how the voltage in the surge capacitor C1 and, accordingly, the ignition voltage at the terminal LA can be changed substantially arbitrarily and continuously by the on and off behavior of the switch S1.
- This arbitrary setting of the ignition pulse voltages of the terminal LA allows the efficient compensation of the already mentioned tolerances of the ignition system (mains voltage, line capacitance, ambient temperature range, grounded or ungrounded ballast etc.).
- This makes it possible to set the target value for the ignition pulse amplitude U Z-REF just above the lower limit of the performance window required by the lamp manufacturer for the ignition, whereby the load of the ballast can be reduced and thus the life can be significantly increased.
- Fig. 2 the case is shown that, as usual, shortly before reaching the apex of a mains half-wave (time t 1 ) of the switch S1 is closed, whereby at least one ignition pulse to this defined phase position of the mains voltage is triggered.
- the series circuit (series resonant circuit) of the ignition circuit responds to this closing of the switch S1 with a Stosstrom to compensate for the charge difference across the surge capacitor C1. While the switch S1 remains closed, the series resonant circuit R1, L1, C1 oscillates out and the voltage across the surge capacitor continuously adapts to the current value of the applied mains voltage.
- the switch S1 then remains closed for a relatively long time until a time t 2 .
- the voltage applied to the surge capacitor C follows during this total on-time tx im essentially the current value of the applied mains voltage.
- the switch S1 is opened again, so that substantially a voltage is applied to the pulse capacitor C1 and during the opening time of the switch S1 is held, the t the value of the mains voltage at the time corresponding to the second
- the switch-off time t 2 is only very shortly before the next switch-on time (ignition time) t 3 , the difference between the voltage across the surge capacitor C1 and the value of the mains voltage at the ignition time t 3 is relatively low, which means a relatively low surge voltage at the surge capacitor C1 and, accordingly, a low firing pulse amplitude at terminal LA will result.
- the closer the switch-off time t 2 is to the next firing point t 3 (in other words, the longer the ignition time tx of the switch S1 is at the fixed firing point), the lower will be the resulting firing pulse amplitude at the terminal LA.
- the ignition pulse amplitude can thus optionally be set to zero if t 2 essentially corresponds to the switch-on and ignition time t 3 or the switch S1 remains permanently switched on.
- Fig. 3 shows the scenario that the switch S1 after a switch-on and ignition t 1 after a relatively short duty cycle tx at a time t 2 , already opened again and thus at the surge capacitor C1 this relatively high value of the mains voltage at this time t 2 , is held. If now at a subsequent ignition (equal to the switch S1) at a time t 3, one or more ignition pulses are generated, they have a large amplitude (in comparison to the scenario of Fig. 2 ), because the surge voltage, ie the difference between the voltage held on the surge capacitor C1 (substantially equal to the value of the mains voltage at time t 2 ,) and the value of the mains voltage present at the ignition time t 3 is very large.
- the switch S1 In extreme cases, i. on the other hand, if the switch S1 is switched off in the region of the peak of a first half-wave and ignition on the other hand takes place in the region of the peak of the following half-wave, the impulse voltage on the capacitor C1 assumes the maximum value, i. about twice the peak value of the mains voltage. By reducing the switch-on of the switch S1 can thus be continuously increased, the amplitude of the ignition pulse voltage at the terminal LA.
- the surge voltage according to the invention can exceed the peak value of the mains voltage by means of a corresponding transfer of the surge capacitor (voltage increase).
- the invention thus goes the way that the voltage across the surge capacitor C1 is adjustable, thus ultimately set the Zündimpulsamplitude.
- the capacity in the ignition device ZG does not have to be changed.
- the surge voltage is set according to the exemplary embodiment by the selection of the switch-on and switch-off of the switch within a network half-wave.
- the ignition timing and thus the switch-on time t1, t3 is specified according to the requirements of the lamp manufacturer.
- the switch-off time t2, t2 'and thus the duty cycle tx can be changed as desired.
- the switch in this case a MOSFET transistor M1, is connected in a semiconductor bridge with a diode D1.
- the target value for the ignition pulse amplitude Uz ref is predetermined by a suitable choice of a resistor R6.
- the ignition pulse voltage at terminal LA is detected via a measuring resistor R2.
- the input U br-in serves internal functions of the ASIC.
- the voltages V dd for the control logic itself and the voltage V ss for an output driver for the drive signal OUT for the switch S1, M1 are controlled.
- Each zero crossing can trigger a counting process in the control logic, the current count then representing the instantaneous phase position of the mains voltage. This is particularly important for the proper timing of the switch-on and thus ignition timing according to the requirements of luminaire manufacturers.
- the actual rule logic is implemented by means of a so-called look-up table. That is, depending on the result of Zündintensives raws U zref - U zin ) is specified in the control logic by means of a function or such a table, at which time or after which On time tx the switch S1, M2 must be closed and / or reopened by issuing a entsrpechenden signal OUT.
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- Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf Schaltungen zur Erzeugung von Zündimpulsen für eine Lampe, wie beispielsweise eine Hochdruck-Gasentladungslampe, sowie auf Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Zündimpulsen für eine Lampe. Schließlich bezieht sich die Erfindung auch auf Lampen-Vorschaltgeräte, die derartige Zündschaltungen aufweisen.The present invention relates to circuits for generating ignition pulses for a lamp, such as a high-pressure gas discharge lamp, and to methods for generating ignition pulses for a lamp. Finally, the invention also relates to lamp ballasts having such ignition circuits.
Generell ist es die Aufgabe von gattungsgemässen Zündschaltungen, sogenannte Zündspannungs-Impulse an die Lampe abzugeben, die eine sichere Lampenzündung während einer bestimmten Phasenlage der Netzspannung gewährleisten.In general, it is the task of generic ignition circuits to deliver what are known as ignition voltage pulses to the lamp, which ensure reliable lamp ignition during a specific phase position of the mains voltage.
Aus der
Des weiteren ist ein Zündhilfskondensator 11 sowie eine Steuerschaltung 12 vorhanden, die zur Ansteuerung des steuerbaren Schalters 10 dient. Die Steuerschaltung 12 steuert den steuerbaren Schalter 10 zeitlich abhängig von dem Auftreten eines Zündimpulses für die Hochdruck-Gasentladungslampe 4, wobei ein Zündimpuls durch eine Zündimpulserkennung 15 erfasst wird, welche mit dem Impulstransformater 5 durch eine spezielle Wicklung 14 verbunden ist.Furthermore, a Zündhilfskondensator 11 and a control circuit 12 is provided which serves to control the controllable switch 10. The control circuit 12 controls the controllable switch 10 as a function of the occurrence of an ignition pulse for the high-pressure gas discharge lamp 4, wherein an ignition pulse is detected by a
Die Funktion der in
- Zunächst ist der steuerbare Schalter 10 offen, so dass die aus dem Stoßkondensator 7, der
Primärwicklung 8 des Impulstransformators 5 und dem Sidac 9 gebildete Parallelschaltung von der an denAnschlüssen 1 anliegenden Wechselspannungsversorgung getrennt ist. Die Steuerschaltung, bspw. ein Asic, enthält vorzugsweise einen Zähler, der in Betrieb gesetzt wird, wenn ein Nulldurchgang der Netzspannung erfolgt oder die Netzspannung eine bestimmte Höhe erreicht hat, was einem bestimmten Schaltwinkel entspricht. Durch Abzählen kann festgestellt werden, wann der geforderte Schaltwinkel, d. h. die Phasenlage die durch die Hersteller von Lampen gefordert zwischen 60° EL bis 90° EL bzw. 240° EL bis 270° EL, erreicht ist. Ist die gewünschte Phasenlage erreicht, so wird der steuerbare Schalter 10 geschlossen, wobei die an dem Zündhilfskondensator 11 anliegende Spannung kurzzeitig reduziert wird, da durch das Schließen des steuerbaren Schalters 10 der Stoßkondensator 7 dem Zündhilfskondensator 11 parallel geschaltet wird. DieSekundärwicklung 6 des Impulstransformators 5 selbst ist niederohmig.
- First, the controllable switch 10 is open so that the parallel circuit formed by the surge capacitor 7, the
primary winding 8 of the pulse transformer 5 and the sidac 9 is disconnected from the AC power supply applied to theterminals 1. The control circuit, for example an Asic, preferably contains a counter which is put into operation when a zero crossing of the mains voltage occurs or the mains voltage has reached a certain level, which corresponds to a specific switching angle. By counting can be determined when the required switching angle, ie the phase position required by the manufacturer of lamps between 60 ° EL to 90 ° EL or 240 ° EL to 270 ° EL, is reached. If the desired phase position is reached, then the controllable switch 10 is closed, wherein the voltage applied to the Zündhilfskondensator 11 voltage is briefly reduced, since by closing the controllable switch 10, the surge capacitor 7 is connected in parallel to the Zündhilfskondensator 11. Thesecondary winding 6 of the pulse transformer 5 itself is low impedance.
Nach dem Schließen des steuerbaren Schalters 10 kommt es zu dem normalen Zündverhalten, d. h. die an dem Stoßkondensator 7 anliegende Spannung steigt durch das Aufladen des Stoßkondensators 7 über den Ladewiderstand 13 an, so dass auch die an der Lampe 4 bzw. den Zündhilfskondensator 11 anliegende Spannung ansteigt. Ist die Schaltspannung des Sidac 9 erreicht, so schließt dieses kurz und der Stoßkondensator 7 wird über die Primärwicklung 8 des Impulstransformators 5 und das Sidac 9 entladen, wodurch an der Hochdruck-Gasentladungslampe 4 ein Zündimpuls gezeugt wird, der über die gekoppelte Wicklung 14 und die Zündimpulserkennung 15 der Steuerschaltung 12 mitgeteilt wird.After closing the controllable switch 10, it comes to the normal ignition behavior, d. H. the voltage applied to the surge capacitor 7 increases by the charging of the surge capacitor 7 via the
Mit Erfassen eines Zündimpulses öffnet die Steuerschaltung 12 sofort den steuerbaren Schalter 10, so dass der aus dem Stoßkondensator 7, dem Sidac 9 und der Primärwicklung 8 des Impulstransformators 5 gebildete Schwingkreis sehr schnell ausschwingt, da diesem Schwingkreis keine neue Energie zugeführt wird. Dadurch wird der Haltestrom des Sidac 9 sehr schnell unterschritten, was erlaubt, dass kurz nach dem Öffnen des Schalters 10 der Schalter 10 wieder geschlossen werden kann, so dass eine schnelle Zündimpulsfolge erreicht werden kann.Upon detection of an ignition pulse, the control circuit 12 immediately opens the controllable switch 10, so that the resonant circuit formed by the surge capacitor 7, the Sidac 9 and the
Ein Nachteil dieser Schaltung ist es, dass sie nicht berücksichtigt, dass die Zündspannung mit der Leitungskapazität sinkt.A disadvantage of this circuit is that it does not take into account that the ignition voltage decreases with the line capacitance.
Aus der
Gemäß dieser Schrift sind zwei parallel zueinander schaltbare Stoßkondensatoren vorgesehen. Wenn nunmehr eine Schaltung (IV in
Der Ablauf gemäß dieser
Auch wenn gemäß der
- Netzspannungsbereich,
- Leitungskapazität,
- Umgebungstemperatur,
- Einsatz von Vorschaltgeräten (verschiedene Hersteller) mit unterschiedlichen Anzapfungen und unterschiedlichem Aufbau (derzeit muss für jedes Impulszündgerät ein genaues abgestimmtes Vorschaltgerät gebaut werden), und
- dem Unterschied zwischen geerdeten und nicht geerdeten Vorschaltgeräten.
- Mains voltage range
- Line capacity,
- Ambient temperature,
- Use of ballasts (different manufacturers) with different taps and different design (currently, a precise matched ballast must be built for each pulse ignitor), and
- the difference between grounded and ungrounded ballasts.
Aus der
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es dementsprechend, eine Technik für ein verbessertes Zündystem anzugeben, die in effizienter Weise eine ausreichende Zündimpulsamplitude an der Lampe sicherstellt.Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a technique for an improved ignition system that efficiently ensures a sufficient ignition pulse amplitude at the lamp.
Genauer gesagt hat die vorliegende Erfindung eine Technik zur (kontinuierlichen) Regelung der Zündimpulsamplitude zum Ziel, derart, dass aufgrund der Regelung der Zündimpulsamplitude der Sollwert für die Zündspannung nahe an die untere Grenze des vom Lampenhersteller geforderten Leistungsfensters gelegt werden kann, wodurch die Belastung des Vorschaltgeräts swie der übrigen Bauteile verringert und somit deren Lebensdauer erheblich erhöht werden kann.More specifically, the present invention has a technique for (continuous) controlling the firing pulse amplitude so that, due to the regulation of the firing pulse amplitude, the setpoint for the firing voltage can be set close to the lower limit of the power window required by the lamp manufacturer, thereby reducing ballast loading as the other components reduced and thus their life can be significantly increased.
Genauer gesagt wird die oben angeführte Aufgabe durch die Merkmale der unabhängigen Ansprüche gelöst. Die abhängigen Ansprüche bilden in zentralen Gedanken der vorliegenden Erfindung in besonders vorteilhafter Weise weiter.More specifically, the above object is solved by the features of the independent claims. The dependent claims form in central thoughts of the present invention in a particularly advantageous manner.
Gemäß einem Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung ist eine Schaltung zur Erzeugung von Zündimpulsen für eine Lampe vorgesehen, die aufweist:
- einen Zündimpulstransformator,
- eine Einrichtung zur Zeugung von Zündimpulsen an einer Primärwicklung des Zündimpulstransformators, die in die Sekundärwicklung des Zündimpulstransformators transformiert werden, wobei die Einrichtung eine Serienschaltung bestehend aus einem Stoßkondensator und einem Schalter parallel zu der Sekundärwicklung des Zündimpulstransformators und der Lampe aufweist, wobei bei geöffnetem Schalter die Ladung in dem Stoßkondensator im Wesentlichen erhalten bleibt und bei geschlossenem Schalter sich der Stoßkondensator auf den aktuellen Momentanwert der Netzspannung auflädt. Schließlich ist noch eine Steuereinheit vorgesehen, mittels der die Ein- und Ausschaltzeitpunkte des Schalters beliebig einstellbar sind.
- an ignition pulse transformer,
- a means for generating ignition pulses at a primary winding of the ignition pulse transformer, which are transformed into the secondary winding of the Zündimpulstransformators, the device comprising a series circuit consisting of a surge capacitor and a switch in parallel with the secondary winding of the Zündimpulstransformators and the lamp, wherein the switch is open is essentially retained in the surge capacitor and with the switch closed, the surge capacitor is charged to the current instantaneous value of the mains voltage. Finally, a control unit is provided by means of which the on and off times of the switch are arbitrarily adjustable.
Die Steuereinheit kann die Einschaltzeitdauer des Schalters steuern, wobei der Einschaltzeitpunkt gegebenenfalls fest synchron zu einer vorgegebenen Phasenlage der Netzspannung gewählt ist.The control unit can control the switch-on time of the switch, wherein the switch-on time is optionally selected in synchronism with a predetermined phase position of the mains voltage.
Zur Strombegrenzung kann ein Ohm'scher Widerstand und/oder eine Induktivität in Serie zu dem Schalter geschaltet sein.
der Zündimpulstransformators kann nach erfolgreicher Zündung einer angeschlossenen Lampe als Drossel zur Begrenzung des Lampenstrom dienen.To limit the current, an ohmic resistor and / or an inductance can be connected in series with the switch.
the Zündimpulstransformators can serve as a choke to limit the lamp current after successful ignition of a connected lamp.
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auch auf ein Vorschaltgerät, das eine Schaltung wie oben beschrieben aufweist.The invention also relates to a ballast having a circuit as described above.
Die Erfindung bezieht sich ebenfalls auf eine Leuchte, die ein Vorschaltgerät wie oben beschrieben aufweist.The invention also relates to a luminaire having a ballast as described above.
Gemäss einem weiteren Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung ist ein Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Zündimpulsen für eine Lampe vorgesehen, aufweisend die folgenden Schritte:
- Erzeugung von Zündimpulsen an einer Primärwicklung des Zündimpulstransformators, die in die Sekundärwicklung des Zündimpulstransformators transformiert werden, wobei die Zündimpulse mittels einer Serienschaltung bestehend aus einem Stosskondensator und einem Schalter parallel zu der Sekundärwicklung des Zündimpulstransformators und der Lampe erzeugt werden, und
- durch Öffnung des Schalters die Ladung in dem Stosskondensator im Wesentlichen erhalten bleibt und bei geschlossenem Schalter sich der Stosskondensator auf den aktuellen Momentanwert der Netzspannung auflädt,
die Öffnungs- bzw. Schliesszeitpünkte des Schalters beliebig einstellbar sind.According to a further aspect of the present invention, a method is provided for generating ignition pulses for a lamp, comprising the following steps:
- Generating ignition pulses on a primary winding of the ignition pulse transformer which are transformed into the secondary winding of the ignition pulse transformer, the ignition pulses being generated by means of a series circuit consisting of a surge capacitor and a switch in parallel with the secondary winding of the ignition pulse transformer and the lamp, and
- by opening the switch, the charge in the surge capacitor is essentially maintained and, when the switch is closed, the surge capacitor charges up to the current instantaneous value of the mains voltage,
the opening or closing time points of the switch are arbitrarily adjustable.
Die Einschaltdauer des Schalters ausgehend von einem Netzphasen-synchronen Einschalten des Schalters kann dabei gesteuert werden.The switch-on duration of the switch starting from a mains-phase-synchronous switch-on of the switch can be controlled in this case.
Der Einschaltzeitpunkt des Schalters kann synchron zu einer vorgegebenen Phasenlage der Netzspannung erfolgen.The switch-on time of the switch can take place synchronously with a predetermined phase position of the mains voltage.
Weitere Merkmale, Vorteile und Eigenschaften der vorliegenden Erfindung werden nun anhand der beigefügten Figuren der Zeichnungen und anhand eines exemplarischen Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert.Further features, advantages and features of the present invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying figures of the drawings and with reference to an exemplary embodiment.
Dabei zeigen:
-
Fig. 1 eine schematische Darstellung einer erfindungsgemässen Zündschaltung, -
Fig. 2 und3 Diagramme, die die Regelung der Zündimpulsamplitude durch Wahl der Einschaltdauer eines Schalters der Zündschaltung illustrieren, -
Fig. 4 eine detailliertere Ansicht der Zündschaltung inFig. 1 , -
Fig. 5 eine detaillierte Ansicht der Steuereinheit einer erfindungsgemäßen Zündschaltung, und -
Fig. 6 eine aus derWO 97/08921
-
Fig. 1 a schematic representation of an inventive ignition circuit, -
Fig. 2 and3 Diagrams illustrating the control of the ignition pulse amplitude by selecting the duty cycle of a switch of the ignition circuit, -
Fig. 4 a more detailed view of the ignition circuit inFig. 1 . -
Fig. 5 a detailed view of the control unit of an ignition circuit according to the invention, and -
Fig. 6 one from theWO 97/08921
In
Der Zündimpulstransformator VG dient also nach erfolgtem Lampenstart als Strombegrenzungsdrossel. Die Zündwicklung ZW und die Hauptwicklung HW dienen dabei, sobald die Lampe brennt, in an sich bekannter Weise zur Strombegrenzung für die Lampe.The Zündimpulstransformator VG thus serves as a current limiting reactor after the lamp has been started. The ignition winding ZW and the main winding HW serve as soon as the lamp burns, in a conventional manner to the current limit for the lamp.
Das Zündgerät ZG weist einerseits eine Serienschaltung (Serienschwingkreis) bestehend aus einem Strombegrenzungswiderstand R1, einer Induktivität L1 sowie einem Stoßkondensator C1 auf. Weiterhin weist das Zündgerät ZG einen Schalter S1 (beispielsweise einen Bipolar- und MOSFET-Transitor) auf, durch dessen Ansteuerung die Lade-/Entladevorgänge des Stoßkondensators C1 gesteuert werden können.The igniter ZG has on the one hand a series circuit (series resonant circuit) consisting of a current limiting resistor R1, an inductance L1 and a surge capacitor C1. Furthermore, the ignition device ZG has a switch S1 (for example, a bipolar and MOSFET transistor), by the control of which the charge / discharge processes of the surge capacitor C1 can be controlled.
Der Schalter S1 wird dabei durch eine Steuereinheit betätigt, die die Ein-/Ausschaltvorgänge des Schalters abhängig von einer durch einen Komparator erfassten Differenz zwischen einer Referenzspannung UZ-REF sowie einer erfassten der tatsächlichen Amplitude der Zündimpulse an der Lampe LA ansteuert.The switch S1 is actuated by a control unit which controls the switching on / off operations of the switch as a function of a difference between a reference voltage U Z-REF detected by a comparator and a detected actual amplitude of the ignition pulses at the lamp LA.
In bekannter Weise wird zum Zünden der Schalter S1 (vorzugsweise ein Halbleiter in einer Dioden-Gleichrichterbrücke) geschlossen, so dass ein Zünd-Stoßstrom über die Serienschaltung bestehend aus der Zündwicklung ZW, dem Stoßkondensator C1, Induktivität L1 sowie dem Strombegrenzungswiderstand R1 fließt. Dieser Stoßstrom wird in die Hauptwicklung HW des Zündimpulstransformators VG zu einem Zündspannungsimpuls transformiert, mit welchem die Hochdruck-Gasentladungslampe gezündet werden kann.In a known manner, the switch S1 (preferably a semiconductor in a diode rectifier bridge) is closed to ignite, so that an ignition surge current flows through the series circuit consisting of the ignition winding ZW, the surge capacitor C1, inductance L1 and the current limiting resistor R1. This surge current is transformed into the main winding HW of the ignition pulse transformer VG to an ignition voltage pulse, with which the high-pressure gas discharge lamp can be ignited.
Hinsichtlich
Das Einschalten stellt dabei bekanntlich den Zündzeitpunkt dar.Switching is known to be the ignition.
Im Folgenden wird bezugnehmend auf
In
In dem Szenario von
Da der Ausschaltzeitpunkt t2 nur sehr kurz vor dem nächstfolgenden Einschaltzeitpunkt (Zündzeitpunkt) t3 liegt, ist die Differenz zwischen der Spannung an dem Stoßkondensator C1 und dem Wert der Netzspannung zum Zündzeitpunkt t3 verhältnismäßig gering, was also eine verhältnismäßig geringe Stosspannung an dem Stosskondensator C1 und entsprechend eine geringe Zündimpulsamplitude an der Klemme LA ergeben wird. Je näher also der Ausschaltzeitpunkt t2 an den nächstfolgenden Zündzeitpunkt t3 herangeschoben wird (mit anderen Worten, je länger bei feststehendem Zündzeitpunkt die Einschaltzeitdauer tx des Schalters S1 ist), desto niedriger wird die sich ergebende Zündimpulsamplitude an der Klemme LA sein. Die Zündimpulsamplitude kann somit gegebenenfalls bis auf Null gesetzt werden, wenn t2 im Wesentlichen dem Einschalt- und Zündzeitpunkt t3 entspricht bzw. der Schalter S1 ständig eingeschaltet bleibt.Since the switch-off time t 2 is only very shortly before the next switch-on time (ignition time) t 3 , the difference between the voltage across the surge capacitor C1 and the value of the mains voltage at the ignition time t 3 is relatively low, which means a relatively low surge voltage at the surge capacitor C1 and, accordingly, a low firing pulse amplitude at terminal LA will result. Thus, the closer the switch-off time t 2 is to the next firing point t 3 (in other words, the longer the ignition time tx of the switch S1 is at the fixed firing point), the lower will be the resulting firing pulse amplitude at the terminal LA. The ignition pulse amplitude can thus optionally be set to zero if t 2 essentially corresponds to the switch-on and ignition time t 3 or the switch S1 remains permanently switched on.
Im Extremfall, d.h. wenn das Ausschalten des Schalters S1 im Bereich des Scheitels einer ersten Netzhalbwelle erfolgt und das Zünden andererseits im Bereich des Scheitels der folgenden Netzhalbwelle erfolgt, nimmt die Stoßspannung an dem Kondensator C1 den Maximalwert ein, d.h. etwa das Doppelte des Spitzenwerts der Netzspannung. Durch Verringerung der Einschaltauer des Schalters S1 kann somit kontinuierlich die Amplitude der Zündimpulsspannung an der Klemme LA erhöht werden.In extreme cases, i. on the other hand, if the switch S1 is switched off in the region of the peak of a first half-wave and ignition on the other hand takes place in the region of the peak of the following half-wave, the impulse voltage on the capacitor C1 assumes the maximum value, i. about twice the peak value of the mains voltage. By reducing the switch-on of the switch S1 can thus be continuously increased, the amplitude of the ignition pulse voltage at the terminal LA.
In jedem Fall kann die Stosspannung gemäss der Erfindung durch entsprechendes Umladen des Stosskondensators den Scheitelwert der Netzspannung überschreiten (Spannungsüberhöhung).In any case, the surge voltage according to the invention can exceed the peak value of the mains voltage by means of a corresponding transfer of the surge capacitor (voltage increase).
Die Erfindung geht also den Weg, dass die Spannung an dem Stoßkondensator C1 einstellbar ist, um somit letztendlich die Zündimpulsamplitude einzustellen. Die Kapazität im Zündgerät ZG muss dagegen nicht verändert werden. Die Stosspannung wird dabei gemässe dem Ausführungsbeispiel durch die Wahl der Einschalt- und Ausschaltzeitpunkte des Schalters innerhalb einer Netzhalbwelle festgelegt.The invention thus goes the way that the voltage across the surge capacitor C1 is adjustable, thus ultimately set the Zündimpulsamplitude. The capacity in the ignition device ZG does not have to be changed. The surge voltage is set according to the exemplary embodiment by the selection of the switch-on and switch-off of the switch within a network half-wave.
Üblicherweise ist der Zündzeitpunkt und somit der Einschaltzeitpunkt t1, t3 gemäß den Anforderungen des Lampenherstellers vorgegeben. Dagegen kann gemäß der Erfindung der Ausschaltzeitpunkt t2, t2' und somit die Einschaltdauer tx beliebig verändert werden.Usually, the ignition timing and thus the switch-on time t1, t3 is specified according to the requirements of the lamp manufacturer. In contrast, according to the invention, the switch-off time t2, t2 'and thus the duty cycle tx can be changed as desired.
Unter Bezugnahme auf
Der Schalter, in diesem Fall ein MOSFET-Transistor M1, ist in einer Halbleiterbrücke mit einer Diode D1 geschaltet. Der Sollwert für die Zündimpulsamplitude Uzref wird durch entsprechende Wahl eines Widerstands R6 vorgegeben. An einem Anschluß Uzin des ASICS U1 wird über einen Meßwiderstand R2 die Zündimpulsspannung an der Klemme LA erfasst.The switch, in this case a MOSFET transistor M1, is connected in a semiconductor bridge with a diode D1. The target value for the ignition pulse amplitude Uz ref is predetermined by a suitable choice of a resistor R6. At a connection Uz in the ASICS U1, the ignition pulse voltage at terminal LA is detected via a measuring resistor R2.
Der Eingang Ubr-in dient internen Funktionen des ASIC.The input U br-in serves internal functions of the ASIC.
Mittels einer (an sich bekannten) externen Bandgap-Referenz werden die Spannungen Vdd für die Steuerlogik selbst sowie die Spannung Vss für einen Ausgangstreiber für das Ansteuersignal OUT für den Schalter S1, M1 geregelt.By means of a (known per se) external bandgap reference, the voltages V dd for the control logic itself and the voltage V ss for an output driver for the drive signal OUT for the switch S1, M1 are controlled.
Am Eingang Uz-in kann auch die Lampenbrennspannung erfasst werden.At the input U z-in and the lamp burning voltage can be detected.
Weiterhin kann mittels des Eingangs Uzin der Nulldurchgang der Netzspannung erfasst werden. Jeder Nulldurchgang kann in der Steuerlogik einen Zählvorgang auslösen, wobei der aktuelle Zählwert dann die momentan vorliegende Phasenlage der Netzspannung wiedergibt. Dies ist insbesondere wichtig für die ordnungsgemäße Taktung der Einschaltpunkte und somit Zündzeitpunkte gemäß den Anforderungen von Leuchtenherstellern.Furthermore, can be detected by means of the input Uz in the zero crossing of the mains voltage. Each zero crossing can trigger a counting process in the control logic, the current count then representing the instantaneous phase position of the mains voltage. This is particularly important for the proper timing of the switch-on and thus ignition timing according to the requirements of luminaire manufacturers.
In der Steuerlogik ist beispielsweise mittels einer sogenannten Look-Up-Tabelle die eigentliche Regellogik implementiert. Das heisst, abhängig von dem Ergebnis des Zündspannungsvergleichs Uzref - Uzin) ist in der Steuerlogik mittels einer Funktion bzw. einer solchen Tabelle vorgegeben, zu welchem Zeitpunkt bzw. nach welcher Einschaltzeitdauer tx der Schalter S1, M2 durch Ausgabe eines entsrpechenden Signals OUT geschlossen und/oder wieder geöffnet werden muß.In the control logic, for example, the actual rule logic is implemented by means of a so-called look-up table. That is, depending on the result of Zündspannungsvergleichs U zref - U zin ) is specified in the control logic by means of a function or such a table, at which time or after which On time tx the switch S1, M2 must be closed and / or reopened by issuing a entsrpechenden signal OUT.
Claims (9)
- Circuit for generating starting pulses for a lamp, having:- a starting pulse transformer (VG),- a device (ZG) for generating starting pulses at a primary winding of the starting pulse transformer (VG) which are transformed into the secondary winding of the starting pulse transformer (VG), wherein the device (ZG) has a series circuit comprising a surge capacitor (C1) and a switch (S1, M1) in parallel with the secondary winding of the starting pulse transformer (VG) and the lamp, wherein- when a switch (S1, M1) is open, the charge in the surge capacitor (C1) is substantially maintained and, when the switch (S1, M1) is closed, the surge capacitor (C1) is charged to the present instantaneous value for the system voltage (L, N (L2)),characterized in that
a control unit is provided, by means of which the making and breaking times of the switch can be adjusted as desired. - Circuit according to Claim 1, characterized in that the control unit controls the making time period of the switch, wherein the making time is selected in synchronism with a predetermined phase angle of the system voltage.
- Circuit according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, for current limitation, a nonreactive resistor (R1) and/or an inductance (L1) are connected in series with the switch (S1, M1).
- Circuit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the starting pulse transformer (VG), after successful starting of a connected lamp, acts as inductor for limiting the lamp current.
- Ballast for a lamp, characterized in that said ballast has a circuit according to one of the preceding claims.
- Luminaire, having a ballast according to Claim 5.
- Method for generating starting pulses for a lamp, having the following steps:- generating starting pulses at a primary winding of the starting pulse transformer (VG) which are transformed into the secondary winding of the starting pulse transformer (VG), wherein the starting pulses are generated by means of a series circuit comprising a surge capacitor (C1) and a switch (S1, M1) in parallel with the secondary winding of the starting pulse transformer (VG) and the lamp, and- by opening of the switch (S1, M1), the charge in the surge capacitor (C1) is substantially maintained and, when the switch (S1, M1) is closed, the surge capacitor (C1) is charged to the present instantaneous value for the system voltage,characterized in that
the opening or closing times of the switch (S1, M1) can be adjusted as desired. - Method according to Claim 7, characterized in that the making period (tx) of the switch (S1, M1) is controlled starting from making of the switch (S1) in synchronism with the system phases.
- Method according to Claim 8, characterized in that the making time of the switch (S1, M1) is in synchronism with a predetermined phase angle of the system voltage.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10319511A DE10319511A1 (en) | 2003-04-30 | 2003-04-30 | Ignition circuit with regulated ignition voltage |
PCT/EP2004/004064 WO2004098244A1 (en) | 2003-04-30 | 2004-04-16 | Starter circuit having regulated starting voltage |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1618766A1 EP1618766A1 (en) | 2006-01-25 |
EP1618766B1 true EP1618766B1 (en) | 2013-03-13 |
Family
ID=33305076
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP04727829A Expired - Lifetime EP1618766B1 (en) | 2003-04-30 | 2004-04-16 | Starter circuit having regulated starting voltage |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7462992B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1618766B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1781343B (en) |
AU (1) | AU2004234940B2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE10319511A1 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2347332C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2004098244A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102008004787A1 (en) * | 2008-01-17 | 2009-07-23 | Bag Electronics Gmbh | Igniter with two input terminals |
CA2713563A1 (en) * | 2008-01-28 | 2009-08-06 | Panasonic Electric Works Co., Ltd. | High pressure discharge lamp lighting device and lighting fixture using the same |
JP2009176639A (en) * | 2008-01-28 | 2009-08-06 | Panasonic Electric Works Co Ltd | High pressure discharge lamp lighting device, and luminaire |
WO2012037973A2 (en) * | 2010-09-22 | 2012-03-29 | Osram Ag | Method for starting a high-pressure discharge lamp |
EP3219175B1 (en) | 2014-11-14 | 2020-04-08 | Profoto AB | A flash generator for a flash tube |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4337417A (en) * | 1980-08-14 | 1982-06-29 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Starting and operating apparatus for high-pressure sodium lamps |
DE3108547A1 (en) * | 1981-03-06 | 1982-10-07 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH, 8000 München | "IGNITION SWITCH FOR A HIGH PRESSURE METAL STEAM DISCHARGE LAMP" |
DE3108548C2 (en) * | 1981-03-06 | 1986-07-31 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH, 8000 München | Ignition circuit for a high pressure metal vapor discharge lamp |
DE3729383A1 (en) * | 1987-09-03 | 1989-03-16 | Philips Patentverwaltung | CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT FOR STARTING A HIGH-PRESSURE DISCHARGE LAMP |
US5166581A (en) * | 1990-09-12 | 1992-11-24 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Discharge lamp ignitor which adjusts the amplitude of ignition pulses |
US5424617A (en) * | 1993-02-26 | 1995-06-13 | North American Philips Corporation | HID lamp ignitor-timer with automatic reset for dips in line voltage |
DE4421736C2 (en) * | 1994-06-22 | 1998-06-18 | Wolfgang Nuetzel | Controllable lighting system |
GB2308930B (en) * | 1995-08-29 | 2000-03-22 | Hubbell Inc | Lamp starting circuit |
US5594308A (en) * | 1995-08-29 | 1997-01-14 | Hubbell Incorporated | High intensity discharge lamp starting circuit with automatic disablement of starting pulses |
DE19544842A1 (en) * | 1995-12-01 | 1997-06-05 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Input circuit for an ignition device of a high-pressure gas discharge lamp |
US6127782A (en) * | 1998-10-15 | 2000-10-03 | Hubbell Incorporated | Externally mountable discharge lamp ignition circuit having visual diagnostic indicator |
US6452340B1 (en) * | 1999-04-09 | 2002-09-17 | Acuity Brands, Inc. | Luminaire starting aid device |
DE19923263A1 (en) * | 1999-05-20 | 2000-11-23 | Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh | Circuit arrangement for igniting a lamp |
IL138896A0 (en) * | 2000-10-05 | 2001-11-25 | Hashofet Eltam Ein | An ignitor for discharge lamps |
-
2003
- 2003-04-30 DE DE10319511A patent/DE10319511A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2004
- 2004-04-16 US US10/555,086 patent/US7462992B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-04-16 RU RU2005137169/28A patent/RU2347332C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-04-16 AU AU2004234940A patent/AU2004234940B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2004-04-16 CN CN2004800113907A patent/CN1781343B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-04-16 EP EP04727829A patent/EP1618766B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-04-16 WO PCT/EP2004/004064 patent/WO2004098244A1/en active Application Filing
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2004234940B2 (en) | 2009-06-25 |
EP1618766A1 (en) | 2006-01-25 |
AU2004234940A1 (en) | 2004-11-11 |
US7462992B2 (en) | 2008-12-09 |
RU2347332C2 (en) | 2009-02-20 |
DE10319511A1 (en) | 2004-11-18 |
US20070080650A1 (en) | 2007-04-12 |
CN1781343A (en) | 2006-05-31 |
WO2004098244A1 (en) | 2004-11-11 |
CN1781343B (en) | 2011-06-08 |
RU2005137169A (en) | 2006-04-10 |
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