EP1612426A2 - Controlled, energy efficient multi stage centrifugal pump with high pressure stage - Google Patents

Controlled, energy efficient multi stage centrifugal pump with high pressure stage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1612426A2
EP1612426A2 EP05011473A EP05011473A EP1612426A2 EP 1612426 A2 EP1612426 A2 EP 1612426A2 EP 05011473 A EP05011473 A EP 05011473A EP 05011473 A EP05011473 A EP 05011473A EP 1612426 A2 EP1612426 A2 EP 1612426A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
centrifugal pump
shut
flow
pump according
pressure
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Granted
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EP05011473A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1612426A3 (en
EP1612426B1 (en
Inventor
Thomas ELSÄSSER
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KSB AG
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KSB AG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D1/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D1/06—Multi-stage pumps
    • F04D1/10—Multi-stage pumps with means for changing the flow-path through the stages, e.g. series-parallel, e.g. side loads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D15/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems
    • F04D15/0005—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems by using valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D15/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems
    • F04D15/0072—Installation or systems with two or more pumps, wherein the flow path through the stages can be changed, e.g. series-parallel

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a centrifugal pump of multi-stage design, wherein for a removal of a subset of the total pump delivery in the pump housing behind the last pump stage, a flow guide channel is arranged, which supplies an additional impeller the removed subset, wherein the impeller exerts on the subset a further increase in pressure ,
  • a centrifugal pump is known in which a flow guide channel is arranged within the pump housing and after the impeller of the centrifugal pump. With the help of the already funded by the impeller total flow is taken from a subset in the last pump stage and fed to an additional impeller. With the impeller, a circulation of this subset takes place by a storage of the centrifugal pump. This subset is used for lubrication and cooling of the storage and then flows back into the centrifugal pump housing. Between the pump housing and bearing therefore circulating permanently serving a cooling subset.
  • multi-stage centrifugal pumps In large-scale plants, for example in power plants, mainly multi-stage centrifugal pumps are used, with which, for example, a steam generator, the necessary feed water quantities are supplied.
  • Such multistage centrifugal pumps often also have a so-called minimum volume control in order to ensure that during so-called standby operation of centrifugal pumps no overheating occurs.
  • the minimum quantity control has the further advantage that in the case of short-term performance requirements, the centrifugal pump can immediately switch to full-load operation.
  • a reduced amount of liquid with a higher pressure level is needed it generally provides such a multi-stage centrifugal pump. Such requirements are met with additional pumping units.
  • the invention is therefore based on the problem to develop for such additional and small amounts of liquid at high pressures, a solution by means of which a little more complex way of a multi-stage high-pressure centrifugal pump on the Auslegeddling beyond pressure increase is occasionally possible without this actual conveying task of such a centrifugal pump to negatively influence and to prevent the emergence of additional heat loads at a flow rate not required by the system.
  • the solution to this problem provides that a per se known, pressure increasing and arranged within the centrifugal pump behind the last pump stage special impeller generates a pressure increased subset and the subset flows to a flow divider provided with a line system that branch off from the flow divider at least two branches and at least a branch line is provided with a shut-off device.
  • a per se known, pressure increasing and arranged within the centrifugal pump behind the last pump stage special impeller generates a pressure increased subset and the subset flows to a flow divider provided with a line system that branch off from the flow divider at least two branches and at least a branch line is provided with a shut-off device.
  • a controlled version of a shut-off has been proven, with which the delivery of the increased pressure subset is simplified.
  • a branch line leading away from the high-pressure region of the pump is provided with the shut-off element.
  • this solution Compared with the previously known minimum quantities of centrifugal pumps, this solution has the significant advantage that reduced in the branch only the pressure level of the special wheel and not - as before - the pressure level of the entire pump. This means a significant energy saving in the operation of the centrifugal pump.
  • a shut-off valve is arranged in each branch line and the obturator are controlled by a changeover circuit.
  • a changeover circuit For a safe flow control in the event of a return of the flow in the high pressure region of the pump or the connected line system and a removal of the subset of the pump is controlled. Due to the controlled changeover of the shut-off is always only a flow path is released while one or more other flow paths remain blocked.
  • a throttle device is arranged in the branch line leading back to the high-pressure region of the centrifugal pump.
  • the flow is fed into the discharge nozzle or a line connected thereto.
  • the throttle device reduces the pressure increase of the special wheel to the final pressure of the centrifugal pump.
  • the throttle device arranged in this branch line leading back to the centrifugal pump is thus adapted to the pressure increase of the special impeller and brings about a trouble-free combination of the two fluid streams.
  • a shut-off or a plurality of shut-off valves are designed as two switching positions having fittings.
  • predominantly functionally reliable valves are used as components with the two switching positions OPEN and CLOSE.
  • Their operation in a changeover circuit can be done in principle by manual and / or motorized means. This depends on the safety requirements of each installation. In every case of operation it should be ensured that only one of the branch lines is flowed through by the delivery rate of the special stage.
  • shut-off devices of the branch lines are mechanically, hydraulically, pneumatically or electrically connected to each other.
  • the respective other branch line is opened at the same time and vice versa.
  • This mutually dependent switching position of the valves is connected to protect the pump to the system control control technology and assigned a protection. The latter prevents unauthorized interventions.
  • the alternately switched shut-off devices always release only one outflow in the flow direction from the flow divider.
  • the flow divider is provided with a plurality of branch lines. This solution is used by a plurality of consumers. Likewise, it has proven to be advantageous if all shut-off devices are monitored and controlled in their position by a control unit. This simplifies the control and regulation handling of a centrifugal pump and the associated system.
  • the delivery flow of the special impeller and the delivery flow of the centrifugal pump flow as total delivery flow of the system.
  • the flow of the pump including the flow rate of the special stages of the actual delivery task of the pump available. This corresponds to the design criteria as in the absence of the special stage with the special wheel.
  • the pressure energy level losses are limited to a maximum of the pressure energy level of the special stage.
  • a multi-stage centrifugal pump 1 is shown in a schematic representation, in whose housing a shaft is arranged with a plurality of wheels.
  • a fluid to be pumped flows through a suction port 2 into the centrifugal pump, is increased in the pump stages in the pressure and is conveyed via the discharge port 3 back into a plant.
  • the arrows symbolize the flow direction in this context.
  • Behind the last pump stage 4, a special impeller 5 is arranged in the pump housing, which promotes a conduit system 6.
  • Within the conduit system 6 there is a flow divider 7, from which flows through a provided by the special impeller with higher pressure subset of the pump delivery in a leading branch line 8 or in a return to the centrifugal pump 1 branch line 9.
  • a throttle device 10 is ensured with the help that returns to the centrifugal pump 1 subset of the branch line 9 flows back with a pressure to the centrifugal pump, which corresponds to the end pressure generated by the last pump stage 4.
  • the returning branch line 9 in the region of the last pump stage 4 alternatively lead into the centrifugal pump, open into the discharge nozzle 3 or open into a connected to the discharge nozzle 3 pressure line 11. This is shown by a dashed representation of the branch line 9.
  • the flow divider 7 shown in the drawing outside of the centrifugal pump 1 may just as well be disposed within the pump housing.
  • Essential in this solution is at least the arrangement of a shut-12 in the leading away from flow divider 7 branch 8.
  • obturator 12 ensures that a supplied from the special impeller 5 subset supplied only in the respective case of need and with open shut-off valve 12 through the branch line 8 an external consumer can be.
  • the obturator 12 is closed, the subset circulates through the throttle device 10 and the returning branch line 9 back to the high-pressure side of the centrifugal pump.
  • shut-off element 12, 13 is arranged downstream of the flow divider 7 and in both branch lines 8, 9.
  • These shut-off devices are predominantly designed as valves having two switch positions, which primarily have an open-close function.
  • the shut-off devices 12, 13 may be mechanically, hydraulically, pneumatically and / or electrically connected to each other, so that only one outflow in a flow direction is ensured with a changeover circuit 14.
  • the changeover circuit 14 of the shut-off elements 12, 13 can be solved in this case by means of known connection techniques in a mechanical, electrical, pneumatic or hydraulic manner.
  • shut-off devices 12, 13 can be monitored in their position.
  • a connection with a higher-level system control unit is possible.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Control Of Non-Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

The turbine pump has a pump housing (1) with a flow feed channel behind the last pumping stage (4). The feed channel supplies a partial mixture to an additional rotor to produce an additional pressure increase. A special rotor (5) behind the additional rotor produces a pressure increased mixture feed to a distributor (7) for selective return of mixture to the turbine end pressure.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Kreiselpumpe mehrstufiger Bauart, wobei für eine Entnahme einer Teilmenge von der gesamten Pumpen-Fördermenge im Pumpengehäuse hinter der letzten Pumpenstufe ein Strömungsführungskanal angeordnet ist, der einem zusätzlichen Laufrad die entnommene Teilmenge zuführt, wobei das Laufrad auf die Teilmenge eine weitere Drucksteigerung ausübt.The invention relates to a centrifugal pump of multi-stage design, wherein for a removal of a subset of the total pump delivery in the pump housing behind the last pump stage, a flow guide channel is arranged, which supplies an additional impeller the removed subset, wherein the impeller exerts on the subset a further increase in pressure ,

Durch die DE U 87 08 334 ist eine Kreiselpumpe bekannt, bei der innerhalb des Pumpengehäuses und nach dem Laufrad der Kreiselpumpe ein Strömungsführungskanal angeordnet ist. Mit dessen Hilfe wird der vom Laufrad bereits geförderten Gesamt-Fördermenge eine Teilmenge in der letzten Pumpenstufe entnommen und einem zusätzlichen Laufrad zugeführt. Mit dem Laufrad erfolgt eine Umwälzung dieser Teilmenge durch eine Lagerung der Kreiselpumpe. Diese Teilmenge dient der Schmierung und Kühlung der Lagerung und sie strömt anschließend zurück in das Kreiselpumpengehäuse. Zwischen Pumpengehäuse und Lager zirkuliert daher permanent eine den Kühlzwecken dienende Teilmenge.From DE U 87 08 334 a centrifugal pump is known in which a flow guide channel is arranged within the pump housing and after the impeller of the centrifugal pump. With the help of the already funded by the impeller total flow is taken from a subset in the last pump stage and fed to an additional impeller. With the impeller, a circulation of this subset takes place by a storage of the centrifugal pump. This subset is used for lubrication and cooling of the storage and then flows back into the centrifugal pump housing. Between the pump housing and bearing therefore circulating permanently serving a cooling subset.

In großtechnischen Anlagen, zum Beispiel in Kraftwerken, finden überwiegend mehrstufige Kreiselpumpen Anwendung, mit denen beispielsweise einem Dampferzeuger die notwendigen Speisewassermengen zugeführt werden. Solche mehrstufigen Kreiselpumpen weisen häufig auch eine sogenannte Mindestmengenregelung auf, um zu gewährleisten, dass beim sogenannten Standby-Betrieb von Kreiselpumpen keine Überhitzung auftritt. Die Mindestmengenregelung hat den weiteren Vorteil, dass bei kurzfristigen Leistungsanforderungen die Kreiselpumpe sofort in einen Vollastbetrieb übergehen kann. Häufig wird in solchen Kraftwerken jedoch für andere Prozesse noch eine reduzierte Flüssigkeitsmenge mit einem höheren Druckniveau benötigt, als sie eine solche mehrstufige Kreiselpumpe im allgemeinen zur Verfügung stellt. Derartige Anforderungen werden mit zusätzlichen Pumpaggregaten erfüllt.In large-scale plants, for example in power plants, mainly multi-stage centrifugal pumps are used, with which, for example, a steam generator, the necessary feed water quantities are supplied. Such multistage centrifugal pumps often also have a so-called minimum volume control in order to ensure that during so-called standby operation of centrifugal pumps no overheating occurs. The minimum quantity control has the further advantage that in the case of short-term performance requirements, the centrifugal pump can immediately switch to full-load operation. Often, however, in such power plants for other processes still a reduced amount of liquid with a higher pressure level is needed it generally provides such a multi-stage centrifugal pump. Such requirements are met with additional pumping units.

Der Erfindung liegt daher das Problem zugrunde, für solche zusätzlichen und geringen Mengen von Flüssigkeit mit hohen Drücken eine Lösung zu entwickeln, mit deren Hilfe in wenig aufwendiger Weise von einer mehrstufigen Hochdruck-Kreiselpumpe eine über deren Auslegepunkt hinausgehende Drucksteigerung fallweise möglich ist, ohne hierbei die eigentliche Förderaufgabe einer solchen Kreiselpumpe negativ zu beeinflussen und bei einem nicht von der Anlage benötigten Förderstrom die Entstehung von zusätzlichen Wärmebelastungen zu verhindern.The invention is therefore based on the problem to develop for such additional and small amounts of liquid at high pressures, a solution by means of which a little more complex way of a multi-stage high-pressure centrifugal pump on the Auslegepunkt beyond pressure increase is occasionally possible without this actual conveying task of such a centrifugal pump to negatively influence and to prevent the emergence of additional heat loads at a flow rate not required by the system.

Die Lösung dieses Problems sieht vor, dass ein an sich bekanntes, drucksteigerndes und innerhalb der Kreiselpumpe hinter deren letzten Pumpenstufe angeordnetes Sonderlaufrad eine im Druck gesteigerte Teilmenge erzeugt und die Teilmenge einem mit einem Strömungsteiler versehenen Leitungssystem zuströmt, dass vom Strömungsteiler mindestens zwei Zweigleitungen abzweigen und zumindest eine Zweigleitung mit einem Absperrorgan versehen ist. Mit Hilfe des Absperrorgans kann im Bedarfsfall der Kreiselpumpe eine im Druck gesteigerte Teilmenge entnommen Als vorteilhaft hat sich eine gesteuerte Ausführung eines Absperrorgans erwiesen, mit dem die Abgabe der im Druck gesteigerten Teilmenge vereinfacht wird. Dazu ist nach einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung eine vom Hochdruckbereich der Pumpe wegführende Zweigleitung mit dem Absperrorgan versehen.The solution to this problem provides that a per se known, pressure increasing and arranged within the centrifugal pump behind the last pump stage special impeller generates a pressure increased subset and the subset flows to a flow divider provided with a line system that branch off from the flow divider at least two branches and at least a branch line is provided with a shut-off device. With the help of the obturator can in case of need the centrifugal pump increased in pressure subset removed as advantageous, a controlled version of a shut-off has been proven, with which the delivery of the increased pressure subset is simplified. For this purpose, according to one embodiment of the invention, a branch line leading away from the high-pressure region of the pump is provided with the shut-off element.

Gegenüber den bisher bekannten Mindestmengeneinrichtungen von Kreiselpumpen hat diese Lösung den wesentlichen Vorteil, dass in der Zweigleitung nur die Druckhöhe des Sonderlaufrades abgebaut und nicht - wie bisher - die Druckhöhe der gesamten Pumpe. Dies bedeutet eine wesentliche Energieeinsparung beim Betrieb der Kreiselpumpe.Compared with the previously known minimum quantities of centrifugal pumps, this solution has the significant advantage that reduced in the branch only the pressure level of the special wheel and not - as before - the pressure level of the entire pump. This means a significant energy saving in the operation of the centrifugal pump.

Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist in jeder Zweigleitung ein Absperrorgan angeordnet und die Absperrorgan sind durch eine Wechselschaltung gesteuert. Damit wird eine sichere Strömungsführung für den Fall einer Rückführung der Strömung in den Hochdruckbereich der Pumpe beziehungsweise dem angeschlossenen Leitungssystem und einer Entnahme der Teilmenge aus der Pumpe geregelt. Durch die gesteuerte Wechselschaltung der Absperrorgane wird immer nur ein Strömungsweg freigegeben, während ein oder mehrere andere Strömungswege versperrt bleiben. Bei einer Entnahme der vom Sonderlaufrad im Druck gesteigerten Flüssigkeit fließt dessen gesamte Fördermenge dem neuen Verwendungszweck zu. Bei einer Absperrung der für eine Entnahme bestimmten Zweigleitung strömt die vom Sonderlaufrad geförderte Flüssigkeit aufgrund der Wechselschaltung über eine rückführende Zweigleitung zurück zur Kreiselpumpe. Während der rückführenden Förderung wird die Drucksteigerung des Sonderlaufrads auf den Pumpenenddruck zurückführt.According to a further embodiment of the invention, a shut-off valve is arranged in each branch line and the obturator are controlled by a changeover circuit. For a safe flow control in the event of a return of the flow in the high pressure region of the pump or the connected line system and a removal of the subset of the pump is controlled. Due to the controlled changeover of the shut-off is always only a flow path is released while one or more other flow paths remain blocked. When removing the liquid from the special impeller in the pressure increased liquid flows its entire flow to the new purpose. When the branch line intended for removal is shut off, the liquid conveyed by the special impeller flows back to the centrifugal pump via a return branch line due to the changeover circuit. During recirculation, the pressure increase of the special impeller is attributed to the pump discharge pressure.

Reicht hierzu die Drosselwirkung der rückführenden Zweigleitung allein nicht aus, dann ist nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung in der zum Hochdruckbereich der Kreiselpumpe zurückführenden Zweigleitung eine Drosseleinrichtung angeordnet. Gewöhnlich wird die Strömung in den Druckstutzen oder eine daran angeschlossene Leitung eingespeist. Um schädliche Störungen einer darin befindlichen Pumpenströmung durch Ausstrahlungseffekte der darin einströmenden, vom Sonderlaufrad geförderten Teilmenge zu vermeiden, sieht eine Ausgestaltung der Erfindung vor, dass die Drossel-Einrichtung die Drucksteigerung des Sonderlaufrades auf den Enddruck der Kreiselpumpe reduziert. Die in dieser zur Kreiselpumpe zurückführenden Zweigleitung angeordnete Drossel-Einrichtung ist also auf die Drucksteigerung des Sonderlaufrades abgestimmt und bewirkt eine störungsfreie Zusammenführung der beiden Flüssigkeitsströme.If the throttling effect of the returning branch line alone is insufficient, then according to a further embodiment of the invention, a throttle device is arranged in the branch line leading back to the high-pressure region of the centrifugal pump. Usually, the flow is fed into the discharge nozzle or a line connected thereto. In order to avoid harmful disturbances of a pump flow therein by radiation effects of the inflowing therein, funded by the special wheel subset, provides an embodiment of the invention that the throttle device reduces the pressure increase of the special wheel to the final pressure of the centrifugal pump. The throttle device arranged in this branch line leading back to the centrifugal pump is thus adapted to the pressure increase of the special impeller and brings about a trouble-free combination of the two fluid streams.

Mit dieser Lösung wird gleichzeitig auch ein Überhitzungsschutz der Pumpe sichergestellt. In dem Anwendungsfall, bei dem keine Teilmenge mit höherem Druck angefordert und durch die wegführende Zweigleitung der Pumpe entnommen wird, kann im Standby-Betrieb durch eine Umsteuerung der Absperrorgane und Strömungsführung über die zurückführende Zweigleitung und deren Drosseleinrichtung zurück zur Druckleitung der Pumpe eine Mindestmenge umgewälzt werden. Ein volumetrischer Wirkungsgradverlust ist dann nicht vorhanden. Dabei bleibt auch der Wirkungsgradverlust durch den Drosselvorgang maximal auf die Druckenergiehöhe der mit dem Sonderlaufrad versehenen Sonderstufe beschränkt. Und für denjenigen Betriebsfall, dass die vom Sonderlaufrad geförderte Menge in einer externen Anlage benötigt wird, verhindert das geschlossene Absperrorgan eine verlust- und verschleißbehaftete Dauerdurchströmung der Drosseleinrichtung, und gewährleistet die Lieferung der gesamten Sonderlaufrad-Fördermenge zum Bestimmungsort.This solution also ensures overheating protection of the pump. In the application in which no subset requested with higher pressure and removed through the leading branch line of the pump, a minimum amount can be circulated in standby mode by reversing the shut-off valves and flow control over the returning branch and the throttle device back to the pressure line of the pump , A volumetric loss of efficiency is then absent. In this case, the loss of efficiency due to the throttling process remains limited to a maximum of the pressure energy level of the special stage provided with the special rotor. And for those cases of operation that the subsidized by the special wheel amount is required in an external system, the closed shut-off prevents lossy and wear-prone continuous flow of the throttle device, and ensures the delivery of the entire Sonderlaufrad-delivery to the destination.

Nach anderen Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ist ein Absperrorgan oder sind mehrere Absperrorgane als zwei Schaltstellungen aufweisende Armaturen ausgebildet. Hierbei finden wobei vorwiegend funktionssichere Armaturen als Bauelemente mit den zwei Schaltstellungen AUF und ZU Anwendung. Deren Betätigung bei einer Wechselschaltung kann prinzipiell durch manuelle und/oder motorische Mittel erfolgen. Dies ist abhängig von den jeweils in einer Anlage bestehenden Sicherheitsanforderungen. In jedem Betriebsfall sollte sichergestellt sein, dass immer nur eine der Zweigleitungen von der Fördermenge der Sonderstufe durchströmt wird.According to other embodiments of the invention, a shut-off or a plurality of shut-off valves are designed as two switching positions having fittings. In this case, predominantly functionally reliable valves are used as components with the two switching positions OPEN and CLOSE. Their operation in a changeover circuit can be done in principle by manual and / or motorized means. This depends on the safety requirements of each installation. In every case of operation it should be ensured that only one of the branch lines is flowed through by the delivery rate of the special stage.

Um dies mit hoher Zuverlässigkeit zu gewährleisten, sind die Absperrorgane der Zweigleitungen mechanisch, hydraulisch, pneumatisch oder elektrisch miteinander verbunden. Dadurch wird beim Schließen einer Zweigleitung die jeweils andere Zweigleitung gleichzeitig geöffnet und umgekehrt. Diese wechselseitig abhängige Schaltstellung der Armaturen ist zum Schutz der Pumpe an die Anlagenregelung regelungstechnisch angebunden und mit einem Schutz belegt. Letzterer verhindert unberechtigte Eingriffe. Somit geben die wechselweise geschalteten Absperrorgane vom Strömungsteiler immer nur eine Abströmung in einer Strömungsrichtung frei.To ensure this with high reliability, the shut-off devices of the branch lines are mechanically, hydraulically, pneumatically or electrically connected to each other. As a result, when closing a branch line, the respective other branch line is opened at the same time and vice versa. This mutually dependent switching position of the valves is connected to protect the pump to the system control control technology and assigned a protection. The latter prevents unauthorized interventions. Thus, the alternately switched shut-off devices always release only one outflow in the flow direction from the flow divider.

Nach anderen Ausgestaltungen ist der Strömungsteiler mit mehreren Zweigleitungen versehen. Diese Lösung findet Verwendung bei einer Mehrzahl von Verbrauchern. Ebenso hat es sich als vorteilhaft erwiesen, wenn alle Absperrorgane von einer Steuerungseinheit in ihrer Stellung überwacht und angesteuert werden. Dies vereinfacht die steuerungs- und regelungstechnische Handhabung einer Kreiselpumpe sowie der zugehörigen Anlage.According to other embodiments, the flow divider is provided with a plurality of branch lines. This solution is used by a plurality of consumers. Likewise, it has proven to be advantageous if all shut-off devices are monitored and controlled in their position by a control unit. This simplifies the control and regulation handling of a centrifugal pump and the associated system.

Und bei geöffnetem Absperrorgan der zuführenden Zweigleitung strömt der Förderstrom des Sonderlaufrades und der Förderstrom der Kreiselpumpe als Gesamtförderstrom der Anlage zu. Auch bei diesem sogenannten Bypassbetrieb der Pumpe steht der Förderstrom der Pumpe einschließlich der Fördermenge der Sonderstufen der eigentlichen Förderaufgabe der Pumpe zur Verfügung. Dies entspricht den Auslegekriterien wie bei einem Nichtvorhandensein der Sonderstufe mit dem Sonderlaufrad. Und dabei sind die Druckenergiehöhenverluste maximal auf die Druckenergiehöhe der Sonderstufe begrenzt.And when the obturator of the supplying branch line is open, the delivery flow of the special impeller and the delivery flow of the centrifugal pump flow as total delivery flow of the system. Also in this so-called bypass operation of the pump is the flow of the pump including the flow rate of the special stages of the actual delivery task of the pump available. This corresponds to the design criteria as in the absence of the special stage with the special wheel. And at the same time, the pressure energy level losses are limited to a maximum of the pressure energy level of the special stage.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird im Folgenden näher beschrieben.An embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the drawing and will be described in more detail below.

In der Zeichnung ist in schematischer Darstellung eine mehrstufige Kreiselpumpe 1 gezeigt, in deren Gehäuse eine Welle mit mehreren Laufrädern angeordnet ist. Ein zu förderndes Fluid strömt durch einen Saugstutzen 2 in die Kreiselpumpe ein, wird in den Pumpenstufen im Druck gesteigert und wird über den Druckstutzen 3 zurück in eine Anlage gefördert. Die Pfeile symbolisieren in diesem Zusammenhang die Strömungsrichtung. Hinter der letzten Pumpenstufe 4 ist im Pumpengehäuse ein Sonderlaufrad 5 angeordnet, welches in ein Leitungssystem 6 fördert. Innerhalb des Leitungssystems 6 findet sich ein Strömungsteiler 7, von dem aus eine durch das Sonderlaufrad mit höherem Druck versehene Teilmenge der Pumpenfördermenge in eine wegführende Zweigleitung 8 oder in eine zur Kreiselpumpe 1 zurückführende Zweigleitung 9 einströmt. In der zurückführenden Zweigleitung 9 befindet sich eine Drosseleinrichtung 10 mit deren Hilfe gewährleistet ist, dass die zur Kreiselpumpe 1 zurückströmende Teilmenge der Zweigleitung 9 mit einem Druck zur Kreiselpumpe zurückströmt, der dem von der letzten Pumpenstufe 4 erzeugten Enddruck entspricht. Dabei kann die zurückführende Zweigleitung 9 im Bereich der letzten Pumpenstufe 4 alternativ in die Kreiselpumpe einmünden, in den Druckstutzen 3 einmünden oder in eine an den Druckstutzen 3 angeschlossene Druckleitung 11 einmünden. Dies ist durch eine gestrichelte Darstellung der Zweigleitung 9 gezeigt. Durch die Drosseleinrichtung werden beim Zusammenführen der Flüssigkeitsströme Störungen durch Ausstrahlungseffekte vermieden.In the drawing, a multi-stage centrifugal pump 1 is shown in a schematic representation, in whose housing a shaft is arranged with a plurality of wheels. A fluid to be pumped flows through a suction port 2 into the centrifugal pump, is increased in the pump stages in the pressure and is conveyed via the discharge port 3 back into a plant. The arrows symbolize the flow direction in this context. Behind the last pump stage 4, a special impeller 5 is arranged in the pump housing, which promotes a conduit system 6. Within the conduit system 6 there is a flow divider 7, from which flows through a provided by the special impeller with higher pressure subset of the pump delivery in a leading branch line 8 or in a return to the centrifugal pump 1 branch line 9. In the recirculating branch line 9 is a throttle device 10 is ensured with the help that returns to the centrifugal pump 1 subset of the branch line 9 flows back with a pressure to the centrifugal pump, which corresponds to the end pressure generated by the last pump stage 4. In this case, the returning branch line 9 in the region of the last pump stage 4 alternatively lead into the centrifugal pump, open into the discharge nozzle 3 or open into a connected to the discharge nozzle 3 pressure line 11. This is shown by a dashed representation of the branch line 9. By the throttle device disturbances are avoided by Ausstrahlungseffekte when merging the liquid streams.

Der in der Zeichnung ausserhalb der Kreiselpumpe 1 dargestellte Strömungsteiler 7 kann ebensogut auch innerhalb des Pumpengehäuses angeordnet sein. Wesentlich bei dieser Lösung ist zumindest die Anordnung eines Absperrorgangs 12 in der von Strömungsteiler 7 wegführenden Zweigleitung 8. Durch Absperrorgan 12 wird sichergestellt, dass eine vom Sonderlaufrad 5 gelieferte Teilmenge nur im jeweiligen Bedarfsfall und bei geöffnetem Absperrorgan 12 durch die Zweigleitung 8 einem externen Verbraucher zugeführt werden kann. Bei geschlossenem Absperrorgan 12 zirkuliert die Teilmenge durch die Drosseleinrichtung 10 und die zurückführende Zweigleitung 9 zurück auf die einen hohen Druck aufweisende Seite der Kreiselpumpe.The flow divider 7 shown in the drawing outside of the centrifugal pump 1 may just as well be disposed within the pump housing. Essential in this solution is at least the arrangement of a shut-12 in the leading away from flow divider 7 branch 8. By obturator 12 ensures that a supplied from the special impeller 5 subset supplied only in the respective case of need and with open shut-off valve 12 through the branch line 8 an external consumer can be. When the obturator 12 is closed, the subset circulates through the throttle device 10 and the returning branch line 9 back to the high-pressure side of the centrifugal pump.

Als vorteilhaft hat sich erwiesen, wenn nach dem Strömungsteiler 7 und in beiden Zweigleitungen 8, 9 jeweils ein Absperrorgan 12, 13 angeordnet ist. Diese Absperrogane sind vorwiegend als zwei Schaltstellungen aufweisende Armaturen ausgebildet, die primär eine Auf- Zu-Funktion aufweisen. Mit Hilfe an sich bekannter Einrichtungen können die Absperrorgane 12, 13 mechanisch, hydraulisch, pneumatisch und/oder elektrisch miteinander verbunden sein, so dass mit einer Wechselschaltung 14 immer nur eine Abströmung in einer Strömungsrichtung gewährleistet ist. Die Wechselschaltung 14 der Absperrorgane 12, 13 kann hierbei mit Hilfe bekannter Verbindungstechniken auf mechanische, elektrische, pneumatische oder hydraulische Art gelöst werden.It has proved to be advantageous if in each case a shut-off element 12, 13 is arranged downstream of the flow divider 7 and in both branch lines 8, 9. These shut-off devices are predominantly designed as valves having two switch positions, which primarily have an open-close function. With the aid of devices known per se, the shut-off devices 12, 13 may be mechanically, hydraulically, pneumatically and / or electrically connected to each other, so that only one outflow in a flow direction is ensured with a changeover circuit 14. The changeover circuit 14 of the shut-off elements 12, 13 can be solved in this case by means of known connection techniques in a mechanical, electrical, pneumatic or hydraulic manner.

Mit Hilfe einer Steuerungseinheit 15 und zugehörigen elektrischen Verbindungsleitungen können die Absperrorgane 12, 13 in ihrer Stellung überwacht werden. Ebenso ist eine Verbindung mit einer übergeordneten Anlagenregeleinheit möglich.With the aid of a control unit 15 and associated electrical connection lines, the shut-off devices 12, 13 can be monitored in their position. Likewise, a connection with a higher-level system control unit is possible.

Claims (12)

Kreiselpumpe mehrstufiger Bauart, wobei für eine Entnahme einer Teilmenge von der gesamten Pumpen-Fördermenge im Pumpengehäuse (1) hinter der letzten Pumpenstufe (4) ein Strömungsführungskanal angeordnet ist, der einem zusätzlichen Laufrad die entnommene Teilmenge zuführt, wobei das Laufrad auf die Teilmenge eine weitere Drucksteigerung ausübt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein an sich bekanntes, drucksteigerndes und innerhalb der Kreiselpumpe (1) hinter deren letzten Pumpenstufe (4) angeordnetes Sonderlaufrad (5) eine im Druck gesteigerte Teilmenge erzeugt und die Teilmenge einem mit einem Strömungsteiler (7) versehenen Leitungssystem (6) zuströmt, dass vom Strömungsteiler (7) mindestens zwei Zweigleitungen (8, 9) abzweigen und zumindest eine Zweigleitung (8) mit einem Absperrorgan (12) versehen ist.Centrifugal pump multi-stage design, wherein for a removal of a subset of the total pump delivery in the pump housing (1) behind the last pump stage (4) a flow guide channel is arranged, which supplies an additional impeller the removed subset, the impeller on the subset another Exerts pressure increase, characterized in that a per se known, pressure-increasing and within the centrifugal pump (1) behind the last pump stage (4) arranged special impeller (5) generates a pressure increased subset and the subset of a with a flow divider (7) provided line system (6) that flows from the flow divider (7) at least two branch lines (8, 9) branch off and at least one branch line (8) is provided with a shut-off device (12). Kreiselpumpe nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine vom Hochdruckbereich der Pumpe (1) wegführende Zweigleitung (8) mit dem Absperrorgan (12) versehen ist.Centrifugal pump according to claim 1, characterized in that a from the high pressure region of the pump (1) leading away branch line (8) is provided with the obturator (12). Kreiselpumpe nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in jeder Zweigleitung (8, 9) ein Absperrorgan (12, 13) angeordnet ist und dass die Absperrorgane (12, 13) durch eine Wechselschaltung (14) gesteuert sind.Centrifugal pump according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in each branch line (8, 9) a shut-off device (12, 13) is arranged and that the shut-off elements (12, 13) are controlled by a changeover circuit (14). Kreiselpumpe nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der zum Hochdruckbereich der Kreiselpumpe (1) zurückführenden Zweigleitung (9) eine Drosseleinrichtung (10) angeordnet ist.Centrifugal pump according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that in the high pressure region of the centrifugal pump (1) recirculating branch line (9), a throttle device (10) is arranged. Kreiselpumpe nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Drosseleinrichtung (10) die Drucksteigerung des Sonderlaufrades (5) auf den Enddruck der Kreiselpumpe (1) reduziert.Centrifugal pump according to claim 4, characterized in that the throttle device (10) reduces the pressure increase of the special impeller (5) to the final pressure of the centrifugal pump (1). Kreiselpumpe nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Absperrorgan (8) oder mehrere Absperrorgane (12, 13) als zwei Schaltstellungen aufweisende Armaturen ausgebildet sind.Centrifugal pump according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a shut-off device (8) or a plurality of shut-off elements (12, 13) are designed as two switch positions having fittings. Kreiselpumpe nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Absperrorgane (12, 13) der Zweigleitungen (8,9) mechanisch, hydraulisch, pneumatisch oder elektrisch miteinander verbunden sind.Centrifugal pump according to one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the shut-off elements (12, 13) of the branch lines (8,9) are mechanically, hydraulically, pneumatically or electrically interconnected. Kreiselpumpe nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass, die wechselweise geschalteten Absperrorgane (12, 13) vom Strömungsteiler (7) eine Abströmung in einer Strömungsrichtung freigeben.Centrifugal pump according to one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that , the alternately switched shut-off elements (12, 13) from the flow divider (7) release an outflow in a flow direction. Kreiselpumpe nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Strömungsteiler (7) mit mehreren Zweigleitungen (8, 9) versehen ist.Centrifugal pump according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the flow divider (7) with a plurality of branch lines (8, 9) is provided. Kreiselpumpe nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass alle Absperrorgane (12, 13) von einer Steuerungseinheit (15) in ihrer Stellung überwacht und angesteuert werden.Centrifugal pump according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that all shut-off devices (12, 13) are monitored and controlled by a control unit (15) in their position. Kreiselpumpe nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei geöffnetem Absperrorgan der zuführenden Zweigleitung (9) der Förderstrom des Sonderlaufrades und der Förderstrom der Kreiselpumpe als Gesamtförderstrom der Anlage zuströmt.Centrifugal pump according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, when the shut-off device of the feeding branch line (9) is open, the delivery flow of the special impeller and the delivery flow of the centrifugal pump flow as total delivery flow of the installation. Kreiselpumpe nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Druckenergiehöhenverluste maximal auf die Druckenergiehöhe der Sonderstufe begrenzt sind.Centrifugal pump according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the pressure energy level losses are limited to a maximum of the pressure energy level of the special stage.
EP05011473.5A 2004-06-30 2005-05-27 Controlled, energy efficient multi stage centrifugal pump with high pressure stage Active EP1612426B1 (en)

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DE102004031469A DE102004031469A1 (en) 2004-06-30 2004-06-30 Controlled, energy-saving minimum quantity device of a multi-stage centrifugal pump with a very high pressure special stage

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DE102009031309A1 (en) * 2009-06-30 2011-01-05 Ksb Aktiengesellschaft Process for conveying fluids with centrifugal pumps

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GB806219A (en) * 1955-10-29 1958-12-23 Oerlikon Maschf Multi-stage radial flow compressor and method of operating same
FR1201234A (en) * 1957-08-10 1959-12-29 Babcock & Wilcox France Method for starting a forced circulation boiler
US3118386A (en) * 1964-01-21 Multi-stage centrifugal pump
EP0604390A2 (en) * 1992-12-24 1994-06-29 AUSTRIAN ENERGY & ENVIRONMENT SGP/WAAGNER-BIRO GmbH Method for feeding a multiple pressure steam generator and feed pump

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US3118386A (en) * 1964-01-21 Multi-stage centrifugal pump
GB216893A (en) * 1923-06-01 1924-06-26 Sulzer Ag Improvements in or relating to apparatus for supplying water of different pressures on ships propelled by internal combustion engines
GB806219A (en) * 1955-10-29 1958-12-23 Oerlikon Maschf Multi-stage radial flow compressor and method of operating same
FR1201234A (en) * 1957-08-10 1959-12-29 Babcock & Wilcox France Method for starting a forced circulation boiler
EP0604390A2 (en) * 1992-12-24 1994-06-29 AUSTRIAN ENERGY & ENVIRONMENT SGP/WAAGNER-BIRO GmbH Method for feeding a multiple pressure steam generator and feed pump

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EP1612426A3 (en) 2009-06-24
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CN1715680A (en) 2006-01-04
EP1612426B1 (en) 2015-08-05
DE102004031469A1 (en) 2006-01-26

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