EP1610917A1 - Holding furnace and metering device for metal baths - Google Patents

Holding furnace and metering device for metal baths

Info

Publication number
EP1610917A1
EP1610917A1 EP04720565A EP04720565A EP1610917A1 EP 1610917 A1 EP1610917 A1 EP 1610917A1 EP 04720565 A EP04720565 A EP 04720565A EP 04720565 A EP04720565 A EP 04720565A EP 1610917 A1 EP1610917 A1 EP 1610917A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
holding furnace
furnace according
molten metal
metering chamber
chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP04720565A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1610917B1 (en
Inventor
Daniel Hauser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Buehler Druckguss AG
Original Assignee
Buehler Druckguss AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Buehler Druckguss AG filed Critical Buehler Druckguss AG
Publication of EP1610917A1 publication Critical patent/EP1610917A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1610917B1 publication Critical patent/EP1610917B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D35/00—Equipment for conveying molten metal into beds or moulds
    • B22D35/04—Equipment for conveying molten metal into beds or moulds into moulds, e.g. base plates, runners
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
    • B22D18/04—Low pressure casting, i.e. making use of pressures up to a few bars to fill the mould
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D39/00—Equipment for supplying molten metal in rations
    • B22D39/06—Equipment for supplying molten metal in rations having means for controlling the amount of molten metal by controlling the pressure above the molten metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/14—Closures
    • B22D41/16—Closures stopper-rod type, i.e. a stopper-rod being positioned downwardly through the vessel and the metal therein, for selective registry with the pouring opening
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B17/00—Furnaces of a kind not covered by any preceding group
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/14—Charging or discharging liquid or molten material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/14—Charging or discharging liquid or molten material
    • F27D3/145—Runners therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/15—Tapping equipment; Equipment for removing or retaining slag

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a holding furnace with a metering device for molten metal, in particular for metering light metal melt during die casting.
  • DE-OS 2022989 describes an automatic dosing system for liquid metals with which metal melts should be able to be dosed precisely.
  • the automatic dosing is part of a holding oven that is fed with molten metal via a loading flap.
  • the melt to be dosed is discharged through a discharge tube which is provided with two measuring electrodes. If melt is to be dosed, the furnace is pressurized with compressed air and the melt rises in the discharge tube until it reaches the measuring electrodes and a pulse is thus given to a control system.
  • the set amount of molten metal flows out of the discharge pipe.
  • the furnace is then vented using a timer and the outflow of molten metal is suddenly prevented.
  • the accuracy is not sufficient for today's conditions and the formation of slags is disadvantageous.
  • Another device for pouring molten metal according to DE-A-19821650 is known, which has a dosing container which is connected in flow connection to the melting space of a holding furnace via a closable opening.
  • the dosing container can be emptied by means of pressurized gas through a riser pipe, the opening being arranged in the bottom of the dosing container and being closable from the inside on a valve rod by means of a valve body.
  • the opening is hemispherical or conical.
  • the valve rod and valve body are arranged inside the dosing container.
  • the level in the dosing tank is determined by means of a level sensor in the dosing tank.
  • the bottom valve is opened by lowering and turning the valve. til body closed.
  • the melt leaves the dosing tank through the riser pipe by means of a defined gas pressure. Backflow in the riser pipe is possible when the dosing tank is refilled. This can cause unwanted oxides to accumulate in the riser.
  • DK 199800409 A similar solution is shown in DK 199800409, where the holding oven is arranged to be height adjustable. The height is adjusted using a scissor lift.
  • DE-A-10034946 discloses a piston pump, the valve unit of which is used in combination as an inlet and outlet valve. Such a valve is geometrically trapped and therefore cannot be dismantled without extensive cleaning of the piston pump.
  • the invention is based on the object of creating a holding furnace with a metering device for molten metal, in which, while avoiding the disadvantages of the prior art, a precise metering of molten metal, in particular aluminum melt, is possible.
  • the issue is solved on the basis of the features of the patent claim.
  • This outlet valve not only prevents the backflow of melt from the riser pipe, but also increases the dosing accuracy, since there are no inconsistent flow obstacles that disrupt the pneumatic dosing.
  • the melt level in the riser pipe can be kept high up close to the outlet. Oxides can only contaminate the riser pipe and the outlet valve to a small extent.
  • a rotatable and tiltable dosing chamber holder enables the delivery pipe, which is permanently connected to the dosing chamber, to adapt much better to the geometric conditions of the casting chamber to be filled, for example a die casting machine.
  • the dosing unit can be decoupled from the casting chamber, which is exposed to strong vibrations, by means of a small tilting movement.
  • a docking device has a positioning aid in the form of a ceramic bushing, in particular made of a fiber-reinforced ceramic material. This ceramic bushing fits into an opening in the casting chamber, so that precise dosing from below is possible.
  • the docking is still stored in a cap of the delivery pipe, which also contains a sealing element.
  • This arrangement enables both angle compensation and the compensation of an axis offset of up to approx. ⁇ 2 mm.
  • the opening is designed as a socket that is received in a socket made of gray cast iron.
  • the conveyor pipe is provided with a heater and a foamed insulation.
  • a ceramic sealing ring is arranged between the conveyor pipe and the holding furnace, which is still surrounded by a steel ring, which ensures rapid dissipation of the thermal energy at the transition.
  • the durability is increased and handling is simplified.
  • Fig. 1 a holding furnace in a sectional view
  • Fig. 3 a turning and tilting device in a plan view
  • Fig. 4 a turning and tilting device in a side view
  • Fig. 5 a detailed view of the conveyor pipe.
  • a holding furnace 1 for, for example, aluminum melt consists in the usual way of a force-absorbing steel trough 2 with heat-resistant insulation 3. The heating is carried out by means of a ceiling, immersion or floor heating which is not explicitly shown.
  • the holding furnace 1 is filled to a minimum fill level 4 with molten aluminum.
  • the molten metal is supplied via a tube 5, which tightly closes a fill opening of the steel trough 2 and the lower end of which is constantly below the fill level 4, as a result of which the formation of oxides and the introduction of gas during Filling is greatly reduced.
  • a funnel 7 is placed on the tube 5 and the molten metal passes from the funnel 6 via a filter 7 into the tube 5.
  • a metering chamber 8 In a further opening of the steel trough 2, a metering chamber 8 is arranged, in which there is a metering device for the amount of molten metal to be metered per casting process.
  • the metering device contains an outlet valve with a valve rod 11 and a valve seat 12.
  • the valve seat 12 establishes the connection to a riser pipe 20.
  • the valve rod 11 is held at the upper end in a gastight and heat-resistant bellows 18 and guided and driven by means of pneumatic cylinders 17.
  • An analog gas-tight drive unit for the active actuation of two scanning electrodes 16 and 16 can be located parallel to this valve drive unit.
  • molten metal is sucked pneumatically into the dosing chamber 8 via a bottom valve (passive inlet valve 13) and / or an overflow 14.
  • a bottom valve passive inlet valve 13
  • an overflow 14 or an active or passive bottom valve 13 prevents or limits the backflow of the molten metal from the metering chamber 8 into the holding furnace 1.
  • molten metal can be conveyed pneumatically to the casting machine via the riser pipe 20.
  • the valve rod 11 closes the valve seat 12 and thereby ends the metering process exactly. Any backflow of molten metal from the riser pipe 20 into the metering chamber 8 is reliably prevented.
  • the melt level (melt surface 15) can be kept slightly overflowing, which can increase the metering accuracy.
  • the riser pipe 20 can be connected to the casting chamber 24 via a delivery pipe 21 with an outlet beak 22 or a docking 23. Only due to the procedure described is the outlet valve and the delivery pipe 21 influenced only minimally by oxides / slags, which ensures a reliable melt transfer.
  • the docking 23 has an angle-independent and laterally displaceable positioning aid in the form of a spherical cap 44.
  • a ceramic bushing 41 is used as insulation, which enables precise metering from below by avoiding solidification.
  • a sealing element 45 is installed between the conveyor pipe 21 and the spherical cap 44. This arrangement enables both angle compensation and the compensation of an axis offset of up to approx. ⁇ 2 mm.
  • the opening 43 of the casting chamber 24 is designed as an exchangeable bush 42 (welding bush). It is manufactured in gray cast iron, which enables inexpensive spare parts with good melt resistance.
  • the conveyor pipe 21 is provided with a heater 52 and a foamed insulation 51.
  • a ceramic sealing ring 53 is arranged between the conveying pipe 21 and the holding furnace 1, which is still surrounded by a steel ring 54, which ensures rapid dissipation of the thermal energy at the transition.
  • the leaking molten metal solidifies in the event of a leak, which ensures good durability of the connection and simplifies handling.
  • the metering device including the conveying tube 21 is inserted into the holding furnace 1 so that it can be rotated and tilted.
  • a rotating arm 30 in which a tilting ring 31 with a built-in metering chamber 8 is used serves as a rotating and tilting device.
  • the conveyor pipe support 32 is rigidly connected to this tilting ring 31. Forces which act on the conveyor tube 21 are converted as quickly as possible into a movement of the rotating and tilting device, which reduces the load on the conveyor tube 21 and thereby increases the durability.
  • the holding furnace 1 can be arranged on a lifting device in the form of a scissor lift. Since the actuating cylinders for the scissor jack can be arranged laterally on the outside of the steel trough 2, the minimum overall height of the scissor jack can be kept low.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Investigating And Analyzing Materials By Characteristic Methods (AREA)
  • Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a holding furnace comprising a metering device for molten metal, especially for precisely metering molten light metal during die casting, wherefore the holding furnace is provided with a dosing chamber encompassing a controlled discharge valve.

Description

Warmhalteofen und Dosiervorrichtung für Metallschmelzen Holding furnace and dosing device for molten metal
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Warmhalteofen mit Dosiervorrichtung für Metallschmelze, insbesondere zur Dosierung von Leichtmetallschmelze beim Druckgiessen.The invention relates to a holding furnace with a metering device for molten metal, in particular for metering light metal melt during die casting.
Die DE-OS 2022989 beschreibt eine Dosierautomatik für flüssige Metalle, mit der Metallschmelzen präzis dosierbar sein sollen. Die Dosierautomatik ist Teil eines Warmhalteofens, der über eine Beschickungsklappe mit Metallschmelze beschickt wird. Der Austrag der zu dosierenden Schmelze erfolgt durch ein Abgaberohr, welches mit zwei Messelektroden versehen ist. Soll Schmelze dosiert werden, wird der Ofen mit Druckluft beaufschlagt und die Schmelze steigt im Abgaberohr an, bis es die Messelektroden erreicht und so einen Impuls an eine Steuerung abgegeben wird. Dem Abgaberohr ent- fliesst die eingestellte Menge an Metallschmelze. Danach wird der Ofen über eine Zeitschaltung entlüftet und der Abfluss von Metallschmelze schlagartig unterbunden. Die Genauigkeit ist für heutige Bedingungen jedoch nicht ausreichend und die Bildung von Schlacken ist nachteilig.DE-OS 2022989 describes an automatic dosing system for liquid metals with which metal melts should be able to be dosed precisely. The automatic dosing is part of a holding oven that is fed with molten metal via a loading flap. The melt to be dosed is discharged through a discharge tube which is provided with two measuring electrodes. If melt is to be dosed, the furnace is pressurized with compressed air and the melt rises in the discharge tube until it reaches the measuring electrodes and a pulse is thus given to a control system. The set amount of molten metal flows out of the discharge pipe. The furnace is then vented using a timer and the outflow of molten metal is suddenly prevented. However, the accuracy is not sufficient for today's conditions and the formation of slags is disadvantageous.
Bekannt ist eine weitere Vorrichtung zum Vergiessen von Metallschmelze gemäss der DE-A-19821650, die einen Dosierbehälter aufweist, der über eine verschliessbare Öffnung mit dem Schmelzeraum eines Warmhalteofens in Strömungsverbindung verbunden ist. Der Dosierbehälter ist mittels Druckgasbeaufschlagung über ein Steigrohr entleerbar, wobei die Öffnung im Boden des Dosierbehälters angeordnet ist und von innen mittels eines Ventilkörpers an einer Ventilstange verschliessbar ist. Die Öffnung ist halbkugel- oder kegelförmig ausgebildet. Ventilstange und Ventilkörper sind innerhalb des Dosierbehälters angeordnet. Der Füllstand im Dosierbehälter wird mittels eines Füllstandssensors im Dosierbehälter ermittelt.Another device for pouring molten metal according to DE-A-19821650 is known, which has a dosing container which is connected in flow connection to the melting space of a holding furnace via a closable opening. The dosing container can be emptied by means of pressurized gas through a riser pipe, the opening being arranged in the bottom of the dosing container and being closable from the inside on a valve rod by means of a valve body. The opening is hemispherical or conical. The valve rod and valve body are arranged inside the dosing container. The level in the dosing tank is determined by means of a level sensor in the dosing tank.
Zu Beginn eines Dosiervorganges fliesst Schmelze selbständig bis zum vordefinierten Arbeitsfüllstand über das offene Bodenventil in den Dosierbehälter. Nach Erreichung des Sollstandes wird die Öffnung des Bodenventils durch Senken und Drehen des Ven- tilkörpers verschlossen. Mittels eines definierten Gasüberdrucks verlässt die Schmelze den Dosierbehälter durch das Steigrohr. Rückfluss im Steigrohr ist bei der erneuten Füllung des Dosierbehälters möglich. Dadurch können sich im Steigrohr unerwünschte Oxide ablagern.At the beginning of a dosing process, melt flows automatically up to the predefined working level via the open bottom valve into the dosing container. After reaching the target level, the bottom valve is opened by lowering and turning the valve. til body closed. The melt leaves the dosing tank through the riser pipe by means of a defined gas pressure. Backflow in the riser pipe is possible when the dosing tank is refilled. This can cause unwanted oxides to accumulate in the riser.
Eine ähnliche Lösung zeigt die DK 199800409, wobei der Warmhalteofen höhenverstellbar angeordnet ist. Die Höhenverstellung erfolgt mittels eines Scherenhebers.A similar solution is shown in DK 199800409, where the holding oven is arranged to be height adjustable. The height is adjusted using a scissor lift.
Die DE-A-10034946 offenbart eine Kolbenpumpe, deren Ventileinheit kombiniert als Ein- und Auslassventil eingesetzt ist. Ein solches Ventil ist geometrisch gefangen und daher ohne aufwändige Reinigung der Kolbenpumpe nicht demontierbar.DE-A-10034946 discloses a piston pump, the valve unit of which is used in combination as an inlet and outlet valve. Such a valve is geometrically trapped and therefore cannot be dismantled without extensive cleaning of the piston pump.
Der Erfindung liegt nun die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Warmhalteofen mit einer Dosiervorrichtung für Metallschmelze zu schaffen, bei der unter Meidung der Nachteile des Standes der Technik ein präzises Dosieren von Metallschmelzen, insbesondere Aluminiumschmelze möglich ist. Die Lösung der Ausgabe erfolgt anhand der Merkmale des Patentanspruchs.The invention is based on the object of creating a holding furnace with a metering device for molten metal, in which, while avoiding the disadvantages of the prior art, a precise metering of molten metal, in particular aluminum melt, is possible. The issue is solved on the basis of the features of the patent claim.
Kennzeichnend ist ein gesteuertes Auslassventil einer pneumatisch betriebenen Dosierkammer in Verbindung mit Kontaktelektroden oder alternativer Niveausensoren für Metallschmelzen. Dieses Auslassventil verhindert nicht nur den Rückfluss von Schmelze aus dem Steigrohr, sondern erhöht auch die Dosiergenauigkeit, da keine inkonstanten Strömungshindernisse die pneumatische Dosierung stören. Das Schmelzeniveau im Steigrohr kann weit oben, nahe am Austritt gehalten werden. Oxide können das Steigrohr und das Auslassventil nur in geringem Masse verunreinigen.It is characterized by a controlled outlet valve of a pneumatically operated metering chamber in connection with contact electrodes or alternative level sensors for molten metals. This outlet valve not only prevents the backflow of melt from the riser pipe, but also increases the dosing accuracy, since there are no inconsistent flow obstacles that disrupt the pneumatic dosing. The melt level in the riser pipe can be kept high up close to the outlet. Oxides can only contaminate the riser pipe and the outlet valve to a small extent.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind in den Unteransprüchen offenbart. Eine dreh- und kippbare Dosierkammerhalterung ermöglicht dem fix mit der Dosierkammer verbundenen Förderrohr eine viel bessere Anpassung an die geometrischen Verhältnisse der zu befüllenden Giesskammer, z.B. einer Druckgiessmaschine. Zudem kann über eine kleine Kippbewegung eine Entkoppelung der Dosiereinheit von der, starken Vibrationen ausgesetzten Giesskammer erreicht werden. Eine Andockung weist eine Positionierhilfe in Form einer Keramikbuchse, insbesondere aus einem faserverstärkten Keramikwerkstoff auf. Diese Keramikbuchse passt in eine Öffnung der Giesskammer, so dass ein genaues Dosieren von unten möglich ist. Hierzu ist die Andockung weiterhin in einer Kalotte des Förderrohres gelagert, welches noch ein Dichtelement enthält. Diese Anordnung ermöglicht sowohl einen Winkelausgleich als auch den Ausgleich eines Achsversatzes bis ca. ± 2 mm. Die Öffnung ist als Buchse ausgeführt, die in einer Buchse aus Grauguss aufgenommen ist.Further advantageous configurations are disclosed in the subclaims. A rotatable and tiltable dosing chamber holder enables the delivery pipe, which is permanently connected to the dosing chamber, to adapt much better to the geometric conditions of the casting chamber to be filled, for example a die casting machine. In addition, the dosing unit can be decoupled from the casting chamber, which is exposed to strong vibrations, by means of a small tilting movement. A docking device has a positioning aid in the form of a ceramic bushing, in particular made of a fiber-reinforced ceramic material. This ceramic bushing fits into an opening in the casting chamber, so that precise dosing from below is possible. For this purpose, the docking is still stored in a cap of the delivery pipe, which also contains a sealing element. This arrangement enables both angle compensation and the compensation of an axis offset of up to approx. ± 2 mm. The opening is designed as a socket that is received in a socket made of gray cast iron.
Das Förderrohr ist mit einer Heizung sowie einer geschäumten Isolation versehen.The conveyor pipe is provided with a heater and a foamed insulation.
Für einen dichten Übergang zum Warmhalteofen ist zwischen Förderrohr und Warmhalteofen ein keramischer Dichtring angeordnet, welcher noch von einem Stahlring umgeben ist, der für eine zügige Abfuhr der Wärmeenergie am Übergang sorgt. Die Haltbarkeit wird vergrössert und das Handling wird vereinfacht.For a tight transition to the holding furnace, a ceramic sealing ring is arranged between the conveyor pipe and the holding furnace, which is still surrounded by a steel ring, which ensures rapid dissipation of the thermal energy at the transition. The durability is increased and handling is simplified.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend in einem Ausführungsbeispiel anhand einer Zeichnung näher beschrieben. In der Zeichnung zeigen dieThe invention is described in more detail in an exemplary embodiment with reference to a drawing. In the drawing they show
Fig. 1 : einen Warmhalteofen in einer SchnittdarstellungFig. 1: a holding furnace in a sectional view
Fig. 2: eine Dosiervorrichtung für Metallschmelze mit Detailvarianten (Fig. 2a, 2b)2: a metering device for molten metal with detailed variants (Fig. 2a, 2b)
Fig. 3: eine Dreh- und Kippvorrichtung in einer Draufsicht undFig. 3: a turning and tilting device in a plan view and
Fig. 4: eine Dreh- und Kippvorrichtung in einer SeitenansichtFig. 4: a turning and tilting device in a side view
Fig. 5: eine Detailansicht zum Förderrohr.Fig. 5: a detailed view of the conveyor pipe.
Ein Warmhalteofen 1 für zum Beispiel Aluminiumschmelze besteht in sich üblicher Weise aus einer kraftaufnehmenden Stahlwanne 2 mit einer wärmefesten Isolation 3. Die Beheizung erfolgt durch eine nicht explizit dargestellte Decken-, Tauch- oder Bodenbeheizung. Der Warmhalteofen 1 ist bis zu einer minimalen Füllstandshöhe 4 mit Aluminiumschmelze gefüllt.A holding furnace 1 for, for example, aluminum melt consists in the usual way of a force-absorbing steel trough 2 with heat-resistant insulation 3. The heating is carried out by means of a ceiling, immersion or floor heating which is not explicitly shown. The holding furnace 1 is filled to a minimum fill level 4 with molten aluminum.
Die Zuführung der Metallschmelze erfolgt über ein Rohr 5, welches eine Einfüllöffnung der Stahlwanne 2 dicht verschliesst und dessen unteres Ende sich ständig unterhalb des Füllstandsniveaus 4 befindet, wodurch die Oxidbildung und der Gaseintrag beim Befüllen stark reduziert wird. Auf das Rohr 5 ist ein Trichter 7 aufgesetzt und die Metallschmelze gelangt vom Trichter 6 über einen Filter 7 in das Rohr 5.The molten metal is supplied via a tube 5, which tightly closes a fill opening of the steel trough 2 and the lower end of which is constantly below the fill level 4, as a result of which the formation of oxides and the introduction of gas during Filling is greatly reduced. A funnel 7 is placed on the tube 5 and the molten metal passes from the funnel 6 via a filter 7 into the tube 5.
In einer weiteren Öffnung der Stahlwanne 2 ist eine Dosierkammer 8 angeordnet, in der sich eine Dosiervorrichtung für die je Giessvorgang zu dosierende Menge an Metallschmelze befindet. Die Dosiervorrichtung enthält ein Auslassventil mit einer Ventilstange 11 und einem Ventilsitz 12. Der Ventilsitz 12 stellt die Verbindung zu einem Steigrohr 20 her. Die Ventilstange 11 ist am oberen Ende in einem gasdichten und hitzebeständigen Faltenbalg 18 gehalten und mittels Pneumatikzylinder 17 geführt und angetrieben. Parallel zu dieser Ventilantriebseinheit kann sich eine analoge gasdichte Antriebseinheit für die aktive Betätigung von zwei Abtastelektroden 16 und 16 befinden. Beim Start des Dosierablaufs wird pneumatisch Metallschmelze über ein Bodenventil (passives Einlassventil 13) und/oder einen Überlauf 14 in die Dosierkammer 8 gesaugt. Beim Ansprechen (Schmelzenoberfläche 15) der Abtastelektroden 16 und 16' wird dieses Einsaugen schlagartig beendet. Die Abtastelektroden 16 und 16' schnellen zurück. Sie werden dadurch weniger von der Metallschmelze angegriffen und eine störende Fadenbildung kann dadurch weitgehend verhindert werden. Ein Überlauf 14 oder ein aktives oder passives Bodenventil 13 verhindern oder begrenzen den Rückfluss der Metallschmelze aus der Dosierkammer 8 in den Warmhalteofen 1. Nach Öffnen des Auslassventils 11 ,12 kann Metallschmelze über das Steigrohr 20 pneumatisch zur Giessma- schine gefördert werden. Nach Erreichen der Dosiermenge schliesst die Ventilstange 11 den Ventilsitz12 und beendet dadurch den Dosiervorgang exakt. Ein allfälliger Rückfluss von Metallschmelze aus dem Steigrohr 20 in die Dosierkammer 8 wird sicher verhindert.In a further opening of the steel trough 2, a metering chamber 8 is arranged, in which there is a metering device for the amount of molten metal to be metered per casting process. The metering device contains an outlet valve with a valve rod 11 and a valve seat 12. The valve seat 12 establishes the connection to a riser pipe 20. The valve rod 11 is held at the upper end in a gastight and heat-resistant bellows 18 and guided and driven by means of pneumatic cylinders 17. An analog gas-tight drive unit for the active actuation of two scanning electrodes 16 and 16 can be located parallel to this valve drive unit. At the start of the dosing process, molten metal is sucked pneumatically into the dosing chamber 8 via a bottom valve (passive inlet valve 13) and / or an overflow 14. When the scanning electrodes 16 and 16 'respond (melt surface 15), this suctioning is abruptly ended. The scanning electrodes 16 and 16 'snap back. As a result, they are less attacked by the molten metal and this largely prevents disruptive thread formation. An overflow 14 or an active or passive bottom valve 13 prevents or limits the backflow of the molten metal from the metering chamber 8 into the holding furnace 1. After opening the outlet valve 11, 12, molten metal can be conveyed pneumatically to the casting machine via the riser pipe 20. After the metered quantity has been reached, the valve rod 11 closes the valve seat 12 and thereby ends the metering process exactly. Any backflow of molten metal from the riser pipe 20 into the metering chamber 8 is reliably prevented.
Der Schmelzestand (Schmelzeoberfläche 15) kann leicht überlaufend gehalten werden, was die Dosiergenauigkeit erhöhen kann.The melt level (melt surface 15) can be kept slightly overflowing, which can increase the metering accuracy.
Die Elektroden 16, 16' müssen beim Zurückfahren an den Pneumatikzylinder 17 "anschlagen" um anhaftendes Metall zu lösen.The electrodes 16, 16 'have to "strike" against the pneumatic cylinder 17 in order to loosen adhering metal.
Das Steigrohr 20 ist über ein Förderrohr 21 mit einem Auslassschnabel 22 bzw. einer Andockung 23 mit der Giesskammer 24 verbindbar. Erst aufgrund der beschriebenen Verfahrensweise wird das Auslassventil und das Förderrohr 21 nur minimal von Oxiden/Schlacken beeinflusst, was ein zuverlässige Schmelzeüberführung gewährleistet.The riser pipe 20 can be connected to the casting chamber 24 via a delivery pipe 21 with an outlet beak 22 or a docking 23. Only due to the procedure described is the outlet valve and the delivery pipe 21 influenced only minimally by oxides / slags, which ensures a reliable melt transfer.
Die Andockung 23 weist eine winkelunabhängige und seitlich verschiebbare Positionierhilfe in Form einer Kalotte 44 auf. Im unbeheizten Bereich zwischen Andockung und Austritt (Öffnung 43) in der Giesskammer 24 ist als Isolierung eine Keramikbuchse 41 eingesetzt, was durch Vermeiden von Erstarrungen ein genaues Dosieren von unten ermöglicht. Innerhalb der Andockung 23 wird zwischen Förderrohr 21 und Kalotte 44 ein Dichtelement 45 eingebaut. Diese Anordnung ermöglicht sowohl einen Winkelausgleich als auch den Ausgleich eines Achsversatzes bis ca. ± 2 mm. Die Öffnung 43 der Giesskammer 24 ist als austauschbare Buchse 42 (Verschweissbuchse) ausgeführt. Sie wird in Grauguss gefertigt, was kostengünstiges Ersatzteil mit guter Schmelzebeständigkeit ermöglicht.The docking 23 has an angle-independent and laterally displaceable positioning aid in the form of a spherical cap 44. In the unheated area between docking and outlet (opening 43) in the casting chamber 24, a ceramic bushing 41 is used as insulation, which enables precise metering from below by avoiding solidification. Within the docking 23, a sealing element 45 is installed between the conveyor pipe 21 and the spherical cap 44. This arrangement enables both angle compensation and the compensation of an axis offset of up to approx. ± 2 mm. The opening 43 of the casting chamber 24 is designed as an exchangeable bush 42 (welding bush). It is manufactured in gray cast iron, which enables inexpensive spare parts with good melt resistance.
Das Förderrohr 21 ist mit einer Heizung 52 sowie einer geschäumten Isolation 51 versehen.The conveyor pipe 21 is provided with a heater 52 and a foamed insulation 51.
Für einen dichten Übergang zum Warmhalteofen 1 ist zwischen Förderrohr 21 und Warmhalteofen 1 ein keramischer Dichtring 53 angeordnet, welcher noch von einem Stahlring 54 umgeben ist, der für eine zügige Abfuhr der Wärmeenergie am Übergang sorgt. Dadurch erstarrt bei einer Undichtheit die austretende Metallschmelze gezielt, was eine gute Haltbarkeit der Verbindung gewährleistet und das Handling vereinfacht.For a tight transition to the holding furnace 1, a ceramic sealing ring 53 is arranged between the conveying pipe 21 and the holding furnace 1, which is still surrounded by a steel ring 54, which ensures rapid dissipation of the thermal energy at the transition. As a result, the leaking molten metal solidifies in the event of a leak, which ensures good durability of the connection and simplifies handling.
Für eine optimale Anpassbarkeit der Schmeizeüberführung an Ort und Lage der Giesskammer 24 ist Dosiervorrichtung inklusive Förderrohr 21 dreh- und kippbar in den Warmhalteofen 1 eingesetzt. Als Dreh- und Kippvorrichtung dient ein Dreharm 30 in welchem ein Kippring 31 mit eingebauter Dosierkammer 8 eingesetzt wird. Die Förder- rohrabstützung 32 ist starr mit diesem Kippring 31 verbunden. Kräfte, die auf das Förderrohr 21 wirken werden so schnellstmöglich in eine Bewegung der Dreh- und Kippvorrichtung umgesetzt, was die Belastung des Förderohrs 21 reduziert und dadurch die Haltbarkeit erhöht. Der Warmhalteofen 1 kann auf einer Hubvorrichtung in Form eines Scherenhebers angeordnet sein. Da die Betätigungszylinder für den Scherenheber seitlich aussen an der Stahlwanne 2 angeordnet sein können, kann die minimale Bauhöhe des Scherenhebers niedrig gehalten werden. For optimum adaptability of the melt transfer to the location and position of the casting chamber 24, the metering device including the conveying tube 21 is inserted into the holding furnace 1 so that it can be rotated and tilted. A rotating arm 30 in which a tilting ring 31 with a built-in metering chamber 8 is used serves as a rotating and tilting device. The conveyor pipe support 32 is rigidly connected to this tilting ring 31. Forces which act on the conveyor tube 21 are converted as quickly as possible into a movement of the rotating and tilting device, which reduces the load on the conveyor tube 21 and thereby increases the durability. The holding furnace 1 can be arranged on a lifting device in the form of a scissor lift. Since the actuating cylinders for the scissor jack can be arranged laterally on the outside of the steel trough 2, the minimum overall height of the scissor jack can be kept low.
Bezugszeichenreference numeral
Warmhalteofen 22 Auslassschnabel Stahlwanne 23 Andockung Isolation 24 Giesskammer Füllstandshöhe Rohr 30 Dreharm Trichter 31 Kippring Filter 32 Förderrohrabstützung DosierkammerHolding furnace 22 Steel beak outlet beak 23 Docking insulation 24 Casting chamber Fill level tube 30 Rotating arm funnel 31 Tilting ring filter 32 Delivery tube support dosing chamber
41 Keramikbuchse Ventilstange 42 Buchse Ventilsitz 43 Öffnung passives Einlassventil 44 Kalotte Überlauf 45 Dichtelement Schmelzenoberfläche Elektrode 51 Isolation Elektrode 52 Heizung Pneumatikzylinder Faltenbalg41 ceramic bushing valve rod 42 bushing valve seat 43 opening passive inlet valve 44 spherical overflow 45 sealing element melt surface electrode 51 insulation electrode 52 heating pneumatic cylinder bellows
Steigrohr Förderrohr Riser pipe

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Warmhalteofen (1) für Metallschmelze, insbesondere für Leichtmetallschmelze, mit einer Dosierkammer (8), enthaltend eine verschliessbare Auslassöffnung, welche in ein Steigrohr (20) mündet, über welches die Metallschmelze zur Verwendungsstelle dosiert werden kann, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Auslassöffnung mittels einer Ventilstange (11 , 12) aktiv verschliessbar ist.1.Heating furnace (1) for molten metal, in particular for molten metal, with a metering chamber (8) containing a closable outlet opening which opens into a riser pipe (20) through which the molten metal can be metered to the point of use, characterized in that the outlet opening can be actively closed by means of a valve rod (11, 12).
2. Warmhalteofen nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der gasdichte und hitzebeständige Antrieb dieser Ventilstange (12) über einen Faltenbalg (18) erfolgt.2. Holding furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas-tight and heat-resistant drive of this valve rod (12) via a bellows (18).
3. Warmhalteofen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Abtastelektroden (16, 16') beim Befüllen der Dosierkammer (8) nach dem Abtasten deren Schmelzenoberfläche (15) aktiv zurückgezogen werden können.3. Holding furnace according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the scanning electrodes (16, 16 ') when filling the dosing chamber (8) after scanning the melt surface (15) can be actively retracted.
4. Warmhalteofen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der gasdichte und hitzebeständige Antrieb der Rückzugbewegung der Abtastelektroden (16, 16 ) über den Faltenbalg (15) erfolgt.4. Holding furnace according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the gas-tight and heat-resistant drive of the retraction movement of the scanning electrodes (16, 16) via the bellows (15).
5. Warmhalteofen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Einbringen der Metallschmelze in die Dosierkammer (8) über einen Überlauf (14) in der Dosierkammer (8) erfolgt.5. Holding furnace according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the introduction of the molten metal into the metering chamber (8) via an overflow (14) in the metering chamber (8).
6. Warmhalteofen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Abtastung der Schmelzenoberfläche (15) vor dem Erreichen des Überlaufs (14) erfolgen kann. 6. Holding furnace according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the scanning of the melt surface (15) can be carried out before reaching the overflow (14).
7. Warmhalteofen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Einbringen der Metallschmelze in die Dosierkammer (8) über ein aktiv angesteuertes oder passives Einlassventil (13) erfolgt.7. Holding furnace according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the introduction of the molten metal into the metering chamber (8) via an actively controlled or passive inlet valve (13).
8. Warmhalteofen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dosierkammer (8) mit dem Förderrohr (21) im Warmhalteofen (1) dreh- und kippbar gelagert ist.8. Holding furnace according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the metering chamber (8) with the conveyor tube (21) in the holding furnace (1) is rotatably and tiltably mounted.
9. Warmhalteofen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass durch die konzentrische Anordnung von Dreharm (30) und Kippring (31) eine maximale Isolation der mit Metallschmelze gefüllten Dosierkammer (8) erreicht wird.9. Holding furnace according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the concentric arrangement of the rotating arm (30) and tilting ring (31) ensures maximum insulation of the metering chamber filled with molten metal (8).
10. Warmhalteofen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Metallschmelze durch Druckbeaufschlagung mittels z.B. inertes Gas aus der Dosierkammer (8) über das Steigrohr (20) in eine Giessrinne, ein Rohrsystem, eine Giesskammer (24) oder einer Giessform überführbar ist.10. Holding furnace according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the molten metal by pressurization by means of e.g. inert gas can be transferred from the metering chamber (8) via the riser pipe (20) into a casting trough, a pipe system, a casting chamber (24) or a casting mold.
11. Warmhalteofen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Druckverlauf in der Dosierkammer (8) mittels einer Sensorik erfassbar ist.11. Holding furnace according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the pressure profile in the metering chamber (8) can be detected by means of a sensor system.
12. Warmhalteofen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Dosierprozess mittels einer Programmiersteuerung geregelt ist.12. Holding oven according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the dosing process is regulated by means of a programming control.
13. Warmhalteofen nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Förderrohr (21) eine Andockung (23) aufweist, die mit einer Positionierhilfe versehen ist.13. Holding furnace according to at least one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the conveyor tube (21) has a docking (23) which is provided with a positioning aid.
14. Warmhalteofen nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Positionierhilfe als Kalotte (44) ausgeführt ist.14. Holding furnace according to claim 13, characterized in that the positioning aid is designed as a spherical cap (44).
15. Dosiervorrichtung an einem Warmhalteofen nach Anspruch 1 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schmelzüberführung nach der Andockung (23) mittels ei- ner Keramikbuchse (41) isoliert ist.15. Dosing device on a holding furnace according to claim 1 to 14, characterized in that the melt transfer after docking (23) by means of a ner ceramic bushing (41) is insulated.
16. Dosiervorrichtung nach Anspruch 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die isolierende Keramikbuchse (41) innerhalb einer austauschbaren Verschleissbuchse (42) in die Giesskammer (24) eingesetzt ist. 16. Dosing device according to claim 15, characterized in that the insulating ceramic bushing (41) is inserted into the casting chamber (24) within an exchangeable wear bushing (42).
EP04720565A 2003-04-10 2004-03-15 Holding furnace and metering device for metal baths Expired - Lifetime EP1610917B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10316758A DE10316758A1 (en) 2003-04-10 2003-04-10 Holding furnace and dosing device for molten metal
PCT/CH2004/000148 WO2004089562A1 (en) 2003-04-10 2004-03-15 Holding furnace and metering device for metal baths

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EP1610917A1 true EP1610917A1 (en) 2006-01-04
EP1610917B1 EP1610917B1 (en) 2008-06-18

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US (1) US7445748B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1610917B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE398501T1 (en)
DE (2) DE10316758A1 (en)
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US20060214338A1 (en) 2006-09-28
WO2004089562A1 (en) 2004-10-21
US7445748B2 (en) 2008-11-04
ES2305752T3 (en) 2008-11-01
ATE398501T1 (en) 2008-07-15
DE502004007389D1 (en) 2008-07-31
DE10316758A1 (en) 2004-10-28

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