EP1604076B1

EP1604076B1 - Method to assemble curtain walls and curtain wall adopting the method

Info

Publication number: EP1604076B1
Application number: EP04720940A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Nicolò Ferro
Original assignee: Alprogetti SRL
Current assignee: Alprogetti SRL
Priority date: 2003-03-17
Filing date: 2004-03-16
Publication date: 2008-05-14
Anticipated expiration: 2024-03-16
Also published as: CN1761795A; US20060070342A1; ATE395475T1; CA2519143A1; RU2005131954A; WO2004083546A1; DE602004013739D1; CN100370090C; EP1604076A1; ITUD20030058A1

Abstract

Curtain wall comprising a reticular supporting structure, provided with uprights and cross-pieces, and covering elements attached to the supporting structure. The uprights and the crosspieces include first attachment members for closure profiles positioned between two adjacent covering elements and provided with mating second attachment members.

Description

FIELD OF THE INTENTION

The present invention concerns a method to assemble curtain walls for buildings, and a curtain wall assembled with this method.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Curtain walls for buildings generally comprise a reticular supporting structure, consisting of uprights and cross-pieces, on which the covering elements are assembled, for example glass panels or sheets, or other suitable material.
The uprights and cross-pieces consist of metal profiles, generally made of aluminum, with which supporting means are associated in order to position and attach the covering elements.
On the visible side of the wall, in order to close the horizontal and vertical gaps that form between adjacent sheets, closure profiles or stoppers are generally assembled. To apply a closure profile of a known type, however, it is necessary to screw in a relative first element, known as presser, to the uprights and cross-pieces, with a screw about every 20 cm, and then apply in snap-in manner a second covering element to hide the heads of the screws and the anti-aesthetic parts of the first element. This entails both the need for prior holes on the presser elements and also a double operation during the assembly step, with a consequent extension of the execution times.
Another disadvantage is that the condensation that forms and the water that filters, especially in the cross-pieces, tends to stagnate between the cross-piece and the closure profile, creating problems connected to infiltrations of water and humidity inside the wall, and the consequent formation of mold or otherwise.
Curtain walls, and methods to assemble such curtain walls, which have the features of, respectively, the preamble of independent claims 1 and 8, are disclosed in US-A-5,839,236 , US-A-4,672,784 and EP-A-644.311 .
One purpose of the present invention is to perfect an assembly method which allows to assemble rapidly and without needing prior holes a closure profile onto uprights and cross-pieces of a curtain wall. Another purpose is to achieve a curtain wall provided with constraining means that allow a rapid and simple attachment of the closure profile with the relative cross-piece and/or upright and, at the same time, an effective discharge of the filtered water and the condensation that has formed inside the elements of the reticule of the curtain wall.
The Applicant has devised, tested and embodied the present invention in order to overcome the shortcomings of the state of the art and to obtain these and other purposes and advantages.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is set forth and characterized in the main claims, while the dependent claims describe other features of the invention or variants of the main embodiment.
According to the invention, the cross-pieces and/or uprights of the curtain wall include first attachment means with which second attachment means cooperate, said second attachment means being provided in the closure profiles in order to obtain a rapid reciprocal snap-in attachment. The first attachment means face towards the outer side of the curtain wall and are arranged in the gap that forms between two adjacent covering sheets.
Here, and in the following description, with the term "inner" we mean the side of the curtain wall, or of parts thereof, which faces the bearing structure of the building, while with the term "outer" we mean the opposite side.
To be more exact, the method to assemble the closure profiles provides, after having assembled the relative covering sheet, a first step wherein the closure profile is coupled frontally with the relative segment of curtain wall, engaging its second attachment means with the first attachment means of the relative cross-piece or upright. A first sealing means, or packing, is associated with a first edge of the closure profile, and is taken into contact with a relative covering sheet. Then, the closure profile is rotated, in a direction from the inside towards the outside with respect to the curtain wall, around an axis that passes substantially through the point of engagement of the first and second attachment means, exploiting the partial elastic deformation of the first sealing means that is pressed against the sheet. Finally, a second sealing means is positioned in correspondence with the second edge of the closure profile opposite the first, and rests upon another covering sheet, thus defining the stable assembly position of the profile.
In one form of embodiment, the first attachment means associated with the cross-piece or upright consist of a strip, or bar, arranged longitudinally parallel to the relative cross-piece or upright; the strip is provided, along at least part of its inner edge, with a shaped profile that is configured to be inserted in snap-in manner into a mating seating, partly hollow, made on the relative upright or cross-piece. At least part of the outer edge of the strip comprises said first attachment means which, in a preferential embodiment, are shaped substantially like a hook extending outwardly, and are able to cooperate with said second hook-shaped attachment means provided on the inner side of the closure profile.
The strip is preferentially made of plastic material and, apart from its function as an attachment element for the closure profiles, it also has the function of a thermal bridge in order to limit the transmission of hot or cold between the inside and outside of the curtain wall.
According to the resent invention, on the ends of each cross-piece there is a stopper element on which at least a drainage hole is made, from which the water that accumulates and/or filters inside the cross-piece can drain. The cross-piece, in correspondence with this drainage hole, has a shaped part along which the inner condensation collects, in order to be discharged through the drainage hole provided on the stopper element and from here through a relative upright.
At least a discharge platelet is also provided, arranged as an extension of the strip defining the attachment means for the closure profile and below the drainage hole; the platelet is shaped so that the water and condensation that drain both from the strip and also from the channel of the cross-piece through the drainage hole are conveyed towards the adjacent upright, which therefore performs a substantial function as a gutter and downspout, and through this are discharged downwards.
According to the invention, in an intermediate position between the outer edge and the inner edge, the strip defines a longitudinal hollow that functions as a conveyor and channel for the water and condensation.
The assembly method described above allows a rapid and simple snap-in assembly of the closure profile with front coupling, in a single operation and without needing previously made holes. Moreover, the conformation of the attachment means provided in the uprights and/or cross-pieces of the curtain wall encourages a rapid outflow of the filtered water, thus preventing the formation of mold or infiltrations into the curtain wall itself.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

These and other characteristics of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferential form of embodiment, given as a non-restrictive example, with reference to the attached drawing wherein:

fig. 1 is a three-dimensional view of a curtain wall according to the invention;
figs. 2a and 2b show respectively in transverse and longitudinal section part of the curtain wall in fig. 1;
figs. 3a-3d show four steps of the method to assemble the closure profile in the wall according to the invention;
fig. 4 shows a step to assemble a stopper element to a cross-piece of the curtain wall in fig. 1;
fig. 5 is a three-dimensional view of a cross-piece of the curtain wall in fig. 1;
fig. 6 is a perspective view of a coupling segment between an upright and a cross-piece functioning as a condensation collector in the wall according to the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

With reference to fig. 1, a curtain wall 10 consists of a reticular supporting structure comprising a plurality of uprights 11, arranged in use substantially vertical, and a plurality of cross-pieces 12 arranged in use substantially horizontal.
In the quadrangular spaces defined between the uprights 11 and the cross-pieces 12, covering panels, for example glass sheets 13, are assembled. To be more exact, as shown in fig. 2a, in correspondence with a relative cross-piece 12 every glass sheet 13 has a lower edge resting on a supporting blade 15, while the upper edge of the adjacent sheet 13 is elastically clamped by a retaining blade 16. The blades 15 and 16, which normally consist of aluminum profiles at least partly covered by plastic material, are assembled opposite each other inside the front part of each cross-piece 12; they are only shown in fig. 2a, whereas they have been omitted from the other figures to facilitate understanding.
On the front side of the curtain wall 10 closure profiles 17 are assembled, arranged horizontal and vertical to cover the gaps that form between two adjacent glass sheets 13.
In this case, each closure profile 17 has a substantially T-shaped transverse section with the leg of the T-shape facing towards the inside, and its central leg ends in a hook 19 facing downwards. The closure profile 17 also has a first edge 25 on which a first packing 26 is able to be assembled in snap-in manner, and a second edge 27, opposite the first, on which a second packing 29 is able to be mounted also in snap-in manner. The two packings 26 and 29 are advantageously of the lip type and are normally kept in contact with the relative glass sheets 13, so as to prevent water from filtering inside the uprights 11 and/or cross-pieces 12.
On every upright 11 and on every cross-piece 12, for the whole of their length, a strip 20 is assembled on whose inner edge a shaping 21 is provided for a snap-in attachment; on the outer edge of the strip 20 there is a hook 22 facing upwards and mating in shape with the hook 19 provided on the closure profile 17.
The strip 20, advantageously made of plastic material or in any case partly elastic, is inserted in snap-in manner inside a mating housing seating 23, at least partly hollow and open towards the outside, made in a central zone of every upright 11 and/or cross-piece 12.
Between the shaping 21 and the hook 22 the strip 20 has a longitudinal hollow 30 functioning as a channel to discharge the filtered water and the condensation that has formed. The longitudinal hollow 30 is located in a substantially intermediate zone between the blades 15 and 16, and occupies substantially the entire length of the relative strip 20.
Each upright 11 and each cross-piece 12 also include, located in a known manner in hollows provided in the relative front edges, two packings 31 associated with the inner side of the sheet 13.
At the lateral ends of each cross-piece 12 there are two stoppers 32 (figs. 2b, 4 and 5), attached by means of assembly plates 33 and including a through drainage hole 35, and a discharge platelet 36 arranged as an extension of the strip 20 and below the drainage hole 35.
The assembly plates 33 include threaded holes 42 into which respective grub screws 43 are inserted (figs. 2b and 4) that press against a vertical wall of the relative cross-piece 12.
The assembly plates 33 also include an attachment tooth 40 that anchors on a mating tooth-like profile of the relative upright 11 and that ends frontally in a wedge-shaped segment 34, arranged outside the respective stopper 32; the segment 34, by inserting a grub screw 41 in a threaded hole 44 provided in a position adjacent to the attachment tooth 40, takes the stopper 32 mounted on the cross-piece 12 to press against the upright 11.
The sequence to assemble the cross-pieces 12 to the uprights 11 provides firstly to insert the stopper 32 at one end of the cross-piece 12, inserting the plates 33 into the respective seatings and clamping them in contrast with the pre-assembled grub screws 43; then, the cross-piece 12 is inserted on the upright 11, attaching the tooth 40 and completing the coupling by means of pressure tightening the pre-assembled grub screw 41. In this case too it can be seen that the assembly of the components of the wall 10 does not require any prior operation to make holes, and is carried out with extremely simple and rapid operations.
The drainage hole 35 (fig. 5) is located in correspondence with a collection and discharge channel 37, defined by a shaping provided in the upper part of the cross-piec 12 on which the stopper 32 is assembled.
The platelet 36 has a raised edge 39 and has its base surface horizontal or, according to a variant, slightly inclined towards the inside, so as to convey inside a relative upright 11 both the water that flows on the base surface of the strip 20, and also that which collects in the channel 37 and which drains through the hole 35 of the stopper 32.
With this solution, the water and condensation do not stagnate inside the cross-pieces 12 but are quickly and constantly discharged.
Figs. 3a, 3b, 3c and 3d show the sequence of assembly of a closure profile 17 with respect to a respective upright 11 and/or cross-piece 12, subsequent to the positioning of the relative sheets 13.
The figures describe the assembly with respect to a cross-piece 12, but the assembly of the profile on an upright 11 is substantially identical, wherein the meaning of the terms "up" or "down" and derivatives thereof must be read as "right" or "left" and derivatives thereof.
Firstly, after having positioned the relative upper sheet 13 resting it on the blade 15 (see fig. 2a), the closure profile 17 is inserted frontally, slightly inclined downwards with respect to the cross-piece 12, with the hook 19 arranged in this case above the hook 22 of the strip 20, and with the upper packing 26 assembled on a first upper edge 25 in contact with the respective upper glass sheet 13 (fig. 3a).
In the following step (fig. 3b), the hook 19 of the closure profile 17 is engaged with the hook 22 of the strip 20, and the closure profile 17 is rotated from the inside to the outside, pivoting on the hook 19. The rotation is allowed by the elastic deformation of the upper packing 26 when pressed against the relative sheet 13. At the end of this operation (fig. 3c), a second lower packing 29 is inserted on the second lower edge 27 of the profile 17, in such a manner (fig. 3d) as to stabilize the position of the profile 17 with both packings 26 and 29 pressed against the respective glass sheets 13.
It is therefore simple and quick to assemble the profile 17, it requires only a single operation and does not need any previously made holes.
If water should filter through the packings 26, 29 and 31, or if condensation should form inside the cross-piece 12, this is discharged flowing through the channel 37, the hole 35, the platelet 36 and/or the hollow 30, and is then conveyed inside the relative upright 11; this considerably reduces the risk of mold forming inside the curtain wall 10.
It is clear, however, that modifications and/or additions of parts or steps may be made to the curtain wall 10 and the assembly method as described heretofore, without departing from the field and scope of the present invention.
For example, the two hooks 19 and 22 can be replaced by other equivalent snap-in attachment systems. The clamping of the strip 20 to the relative upright 11 or cross-piece 12 can also be achieved with equivalent means to those shown here. The grub screws 41 and 43 could be replaced by pins, blocks or other identical or equivalent clamping means.
Although a solution is shown here wherein there are two assembly plates 33 of the stoppers 32, it is clear that a single plate 33 could be provided.

Claims

Curtain wall comprising a reticular supporting structure, provided with uprights (11) and cross-pieces (12), and covering elements (13) attached to said supporting structure, said curtain wall comprising a longitudinal element (20) arranged substantially parallel to the relative upright (11) or cross-piece (12) and including on at least part of its inner side a shaping (21) able to couple in snap-in manner with a mating seating (23) made in the relative upright (11) or cross-piece (12), and on at least part of its outer side a first attachment means (22) able to engage with a mating second attachment means (19) of a closure profile (17) able to be positioned, in snap-in manner and by means of rotation, between two adjacent covering elements (13), said longitudinal element (20), in an intermediate position between said shaping (21) and said first attachment means (22), having a longitudinal hollow (30) able to perform a function of conveying and channeling water and condensation, characterized in that, in correspondence with the ends of each of said cross-pieces (12), it comprises a relative stopper (32) provided with at least a drainage hole (35) and a discharge platelet (36) arranged as an extension of said longitudinal element (20) and below said drainage hole (35).
Curtain wall as in claim 1, characterized in that said first (22) and said second (19) attachment means have a substantially hook-type conformation.
Curtain wall as in claim 1, characterized in that said drainage hole (35) is located in correspondence with a channel (37) defined by a shaping made in the upper part of a relative cross-piece (12).
Curtain wall as in claim 1, characterized in that each of said stoppers (32) is attached to a respective cross-piece (12) by means of at least an assembly plate (33) including holes (42) into which respective clamping means (43) are inserted under pressure against a segment of a relative upright (11).
Curtain wall as in any claim from 1 to 4 inclusive, characterized in that each of said stoppers (32) includes snap-in attachment means (40) facing towards a relative upright (11) and at least a hole (44) arranged adjacent to said snap-in attachment means (40) for the insertion of clamping means (41) under pressure against a segment of a relative upright (11).
Curtain wall as in claim 5, characterized in that said snap-in attachment means (40) include at the front a wedge-shaped segment (34) able during use to compress a relative stopper (32) applied on a cross-piece (12) against the upright (11) with which said cross-piece (12) is coupled.
Curtain wall as in claim 1, characterized in that said platelet (36) has a raised edge (39) and has its base surface able to convey inside a relative upright (11) both the water that accumulates on the base surface of said longitudinal element (20), and also the water that drains from said drainage hole (35).
Method to assemble a curtain wall as claimed in claim 1 comprising a reticular supporting structure, provided with uprights (11) and cross-pieces (12), and covering elements (13) attached to said supporting structure, and provided with closure profiles (17), said uprights (11) and said cross-pieces (12) including first attachment means (22) for said closure profiles (17) positioned between two adjacent covering elements (13) and provided with mating second attachment means (19), characterized in that it provides:
- a first step of positioning said closure profiles (17) frontally with respect to said supporting structure in order to engage said second attachment means (19) with said first attachment means (22);

- a second step of rotating towards the outside said closure profiles (17) around an axis passing through the point of engagement between said first (22) and said second (19) attachment means, compressing first sealing means (26) associated with a first edge (25) of said closure profile (17) against the first of said covering element (13); and

- a third step of positioning second sealing means (29) on a second edge (27) of said closure profile (17) in order to stabilize the positioning thereof by resting said second sealing means (29) against the other covering element (13).
Method as in claim 8, characterized in that it provides a first step of coupling stoppers (32) to the relative cross-piece (12), by inserting at least one plate (33) solid with the relative stopper (32) into a mating seating provided in the relative cross-piece (12), and attaching it under pressure by means of clamping means (43), and a second step of coupling said cross-piece (12) to a relative upright (11) by means of anchoring an attachment element (40) solid with said stopper (32) to a relative profile provided in said upright (11) and attaching it under pressure by means of clamping means (41).