EP1599668A1 - Fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine

Info

Publication number
EP1599668A1
EP1599668A1 EP03773513A EP03773513A EP1599668A1 EP 1599668 A1 EP1599668 A1 EP 1599668A1 EP 03773513 A EP03773513 A EP 03773513A EP 03773513 A EP03773513 A EP 03773513A EP 1599668 A1 EP1599668 A1 EP 1599668A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pump
fuel
interior
injection device
fuel injection
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP03773513A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1599668B1 (en
Inventor
Peter Boehland
Godehard Nentwig
Michael Bauer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1599668A1 publication Critical patent/EP1599668A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1599668B1 publication Critical patent/EP1599668B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/02—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type
    • F02M59/10—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type characterised by the piston-drive
    • F02M59/102—Mechanical drive, e.g. tappets or cams
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/02—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type
    • F02M59/08—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type characterised by two or more pumping elements with conjoint outlet or several pumping elements feeding one engine cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0001—Fuel-injection apparatus with specially arranged lubricating system, e.g. by fuel oil
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F02M63/0225—Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails

Definitions

  • the invention is based on one
  • Fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a fuel injection device is known from WO 01/40656 A.
  • This fuel injection device has a high-pressure pump, through which fuel is conveyed into a memory, from which fuel is taken for injection at the internal combustion engine.
  • a feed pump is provided, through which fuel is delivered from a fuel tank to the high-pressure pump.
  • the high-pressure pump has a housing and at least one pump element which is driven by a drive arranged in an interior of the housing.
  • the pump element has a pump piston which is driven by the drive in a stroke movement and which delimits a pump working space.
  • the feed pump can be driven electrically or mechanically. In order to be able to generate a sufficiently high pressure, a powerful and correspondingly expensive drive for the feed pump is required. Alternatively, a feed pump with an electric drive of low power and in addition, a feed pump can be combined with a mechanical drive, which is also expensive.
  • the fuel injection device with the features according to claim 1 has the advantage that the high-pressure pump also forms a feed pump through which the fuel to be drawn in during its suction strokes is conveyed.
  • the feed pump, the high pressure pump is supported by the ⁇ fuel from the fuel tank into the interior of the housing, besides may be designed in accordance with cost and low power.
  • the embodiment according to claim 2 enables continuous operation of the feed pump, in that fuel delivered by it when the check valve is closed
  • Discharge area can flow.
  • the embodiment according to claim 6 enables a delivery rate that is greater than the required suction rate of the pump element and thus also an overflow rate through which the drive can be lubricated and cooled in the interior of the housing.
  • Fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine in a schematic representation with a high pressure pump at the end of the delivery stroke of its pump elements and FIG. 2 the high pressure pump at the end of the suction stroke of its pump elements. Description of the embodiment
  • FIG. 1 shows a fuel injection device of an internal combustion engine, for example of a motor vehicle, which has a high-pressure pump 10.
  • the high-pressure pump 10 delivers fuel under high pressure into a reservoir 12, from which fuel is taken for injection at the internal combustion engine.
  • An injector 14 is arranged on each cylinder of the internal combustion engine and is connected to the accumulator 12 via a line 16.
  • the injector 14 has a control valve 18 which is controlled by an electronic control device 20 and by which the opening of the injector 14 and thus the fuel injection is controlled.
  • a feed pump 22 delivers fuel from a fuel reservoir 24 to the high-pressure pump 10.
  • the feed pump 22 preferably has an electric drive, but can also be mechanically driven.
  • a filter 26 is arranged between the feed pump 22 and the high pressure pump 10 in order to filter the fuel delivered by the high pressure pump 10.
  • the high-pressure pump 10 has a housing 30, in which a drive shaft 32 is rotatably mounted about an axis 33 in an interior 31.
  • the drive shaft 32 is driven, for example, by the internal combustion engine.
  • the drive shaft 32 has at least one cam 34 in the interior 31, a double cam being provided in the exemplary embodiment shown, which cam has two diametrically opposed cam lobes.
  • the high-pressure pump 10 has at least one pump element 36 arranged in the housing 30, two pump elements 36 lying diametrically opposite one another being provided in the exemplary embodiment shown.
  • each Pump element 36 has a pump piston 38 which is tightly guided in a cylinder bore 40 which extends at least approximately radially to the axis of rotation 33 of the drive shaft 32 and which defines a pump working space 42 with its outwardly facing end face.
  • Cylinder bore 40 can be formed directly in housing 30 or in an insert inserted into housing 30.
  • the pump piston 38 projects with its radially inward end out of the cylinder bore 40 and is supported on the cam 34 of the drive shaft 30 by means of a tappet 44.
  • the plunger 44 is tightly guided in a bore 46 in the housing 30 and preferably has a larger diameter than the pump piston 38 in its area delimiting the pump working space 42.
  • the pump piston 38 has on its piston foot 39, with which it is supported on the plunger 44, a larger diameter than in its area delimiting the pump working space 42 and an approximately the same diameter as the plunger 44.
  • a preloaded spring 48 for example in the form of a helical compression spring, is clamped between the housing 30 and the piston foot 39, by means of which the pump piston 38 and, via its piston foot 39, the plunger 44 are held in contact with the cam 34 of the drive shaft 32.
  • a cylindrical roller 50 is inserted, which rolls on the cam 34.
  • the tappet 44 with its part facing away from the pump piston 38 and protruding from the bore 46, delimits the interior 31 of the housing 30.
  • the tappet 44 can also be omitted, the pump piston 38 then being arranged over its piston foot 39, in which, for example, a roller 50 is arranged can, supported directly on the cam 34.
  • the fuel delivered by the feed pump 22 is fed via a line 23 to the interior 31 of the housing 30 of the high-pressure pump 10.
  • a check valve 52 opening towards the interior 31 is arranged in the line 23, this prevents fuel from flowing back to the feed pump 22 from the interior 31.
  • a line 54 leads from the line 23 between the feed pump 22 and the check valve 52 to a relief region, which can be, for example, a return 55 to the fuel reservoir 24.
  • a line 56 leads from the interior 31 of the housing 30 of the high-pressure pump 10 to a relief area, which in turn can be the return 55 to the fuel reservoir 24.
  • a pressure valve 58 is arranged, which connects to
  • Returns 55 only releases when a predetermined pressure in the interior 31 is exceeded and keeps the connection to the return 55 closed at a lower pressure.
  • an inlet 60 opens, in which a check valve 62 opening into the pump work chamber 42 is arranged as an inlet valve.
  • a drain 64 leads from the pump work chamber 42, which ends in the reservoir 12 and in which a check valve 66 opening from the pump work chamber 42 to the reservoir 12 is arranged as an outlet valve.
  • the inlet 60 of the pump work spaces 42 of the pump elements 36 is connected to the interior 31 of the housing 30 of the high pressure pump 10.
  • the pump pistons 38 of the pump elements 36 deliver synchronously with one another, that is to say they execute their respective delivery stroke and their respective suction stroke simultaneously.
  • the pump pistons 38 When the pump pistons 38 carry out their suction stroke, they move through the springs 48 in accordance with the profile of the cam 34, against which the tappets 44 rest against the rollers 50, radially inwards and their tappets 44 move out of the bore 46 into the interior 31.
  • the volume of the interior 31 is reduced, so that the pressure in the interior 31 increases, the check valve 52 preventing fuel from being displaced into the return 55.
  • the suction stroke of the pump pistons 38 there is a lower pressure in the pump workrooms 42 than in the interior 31, so that fuel is displaced from the interior 31 when the inlet valves 62 are open and is pumped into the pump workrooms 42.
  • the inlet valves 62 close and when a predetermined pressure is exceeded, the outlet valves 66 open, so that fuel is conveyed into the accumulator 12 via the outlet 64.
  • the feed pump 22 continuously delivers fuel and the fuel delivered by the feed pump 22 when the check valve 52 is closed flows via the line 54 into the return 55.
  • the feed pump 22 only needs to generate a relatively low pressure in order to be able to fill the interior 31 with fuel.
  • an interior 31 is caused by them generates relatively high pressure, which enables sufficient and rapid filling of the pump work spaces 42.
  • the tappets 44 have approximately the same diameter as the pump pistons 38 in their area delimiting the respective pump working space 42, so that a correspondingly smaller amount of fuel is delivered through the tappets 44.
  • FIG. 2 shows the high-pressure pump 10 at the end of the suction stroke of the pump pistons 38, in which the pump pistons 38 are in the region of their inner dead center.
  • the plungers 44 are immersed the most out of the bores 46 into the interior 31, so that the volume of the interior 31 is smallest.
  • the inlet valves 62 are open, the outlet valves 66 and the check valve 52 are closed.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a fuel injection device comprising a high-pressure pump (10) which is used to deliver fuel into a tank (12) from which fuel is extracted for injecting into the internal combustion engine. A feed pump (22) is used to deliver fuel from a fuel reservoir (24) to the high-pressure pump (10). Said high-pressure pump (10) comprises a housing (30) provided with an inner chamber (31) in which a drive (32, 34) for at least one pump element (36) pertaining to the high-pressure pump (10) is arranged. Said pump element (36) comprises a pump piston (38) which is driven by a drive (32, 34) in a reciprocating motion and defines a pump working chamber (42) into which fuel is supplied through an admission (60) during a suction stroke of the pump piston (38), and out of which fuel is driven through an outlet (64), into the tank, (12) during a delivery stroke of the pump piston (38). The pump piston (38) moves towards the inner chamber (31) during the suction stroke, and moves away from the inner chamber (31) during the delivery stroke. The feed pump (22) delivers fuel into the inner chamber (31) by means of a connection (23) comprising a check valve (52) which is open towards the inner chamber (31) of the housing (30), and the admission (60) of the pump working chamber (42) is connected to the inner chamber (31).

Description

Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung für eine BrennkraftmaschineFuel injection device for an internal combustion engine
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Die Erfindung geht aus von einerThe invention is based on one
Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine nach der Gattung des Anspruchs 1.Fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.
Eine solche Kraftstof einspritzeinrichtung ist durch die WO 01/40656 A bekannt. Diese Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung weist eine Hochdruckpumpe auf, durch die Kraftstoff in einen Speicher gefördert wird, aus dem Kraftstoff zur Einspritzung an der Brennkraftmaschine entnommen wird. Ausserdem ist eine Förderpumpe vorgesehen, durch die Kraftstoff aus einem Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter zur Hochdruckpumpe gefördert wird. Die Hochdruckpumpe weist ein Gehäuse und wenigstens ein Pumpenelement auf, das durch einen in einem Innenraum des Gehäuses angeordneten Antrieb angetrieben wird. Das Pumpenelement weist einen durch den Antrieb in einer Hubbewegung angetriebenen Pumpenkolben auf, der einen Pumpenarbeitsraum begrenzt. Bei einem Saughub des Pumpenkolbens saugt dieser über einen Zulauf Kraftstoff in den Pumpenarbeitsraum an und bei einem Förderhub des Pumpenkolbens verdrängt dieser über einen Ablauf Kraftstoff aus dem Pumpenarbeitsraum. Der Pu penkolben bewegt sich bei seinem Saughub in den Innenraum des Gehäuses hinein und bei seinem Förderhub aus dem Innenraum heraus . Die Förderpumpe kann elektrisch oder mechanisch angetrieben sein. Um einen ausreichend hohen Druck erzeugen zu können ist dabei ein leistungsstarker und entsprechend teurer Antrieb für die Förderpumpe erforderlich. Alternativ können auch eine Förderpumpe mit elektrischem Antrieb geringer Leistung und zusätzlich eine Förderpumpe mit mechanischem Antrieb kombiniert werden, was aber auch teuer ist.Such a fuel injection device is known from WO 01/40656 A. This fuel injection device has a high-pressure pump, through which fuel is conveyed into a memory, from which fuel is taken for injection at the internal combustion engine. In addition, a feed pump is provided, through which fuel is delivered from a fuel tank to the high-pressure pump. The high-pressure pump has a housing and at least one pump element which is driven by a drive arranged in an interior of the housing. The pump element has a pump piston which is driven by the drive in a stroke movement and which delimits a pump working space. During a suction stroke of the pump piston, it sucks fuel into the pump work space via an inlet, and during a delivery stroke of the pump piston, it displaces fuel from the pump work space via an outlet. The pu piston moves during its suction stroke into the interior of the housing and out of the interior during its delivery stroke. The feed pump can be driven electrically or mechanically. In order to be able to generate a sufficiently high pressure, a powerful and correspondingly expensive drive for the feed pump is required. Alternatively, a feed pump with an electric drive of low power and in addition, a feed pump can be combined with a mechanical drive, which is also expensive.
Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention
Die erfindungsgemäße Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung mit den Merkmalen gemäß Anspruch 1 hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, dass die Hochdruckpumpe zugleich eine Förderpumpe bildet, durch die der bei deren Saughüben anzusaugende Kraftstoff gefördert wird. Die Förderpumpe, durch die ■ Kraftstoff aus dem Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter in den Innenraum des Gehäuses der Hochdruckpumpe gefördert wird, kann dabei mit geringer Leistung und entsprechend kostengünstig ausgeführt sein.The fuel injection device according to the invention with the features according to claim 1 has the advantage that the high-pressure pump also forms a feed pump through which the fuel to be drawn in during its suction strokes is conveyed. The feed pump, the high pressure pump is supported by the ■ fuel from the fuel tank into the interior of the housing, besides may be designed in accordance with cost and low power.
In den abhängigen Ansprüchen sind vorteilhafteIn the dependent claims are advantageous
Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der erfindungsgemäßen Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung angegeben. Die Ausbildung gemäß Anspruch 2 ermöglicht einen kontinuierlichen Betrieb der Förderpumpe, indem von dieser bei geschlossenem Rückschlagventil geförderter Kraftstoff in denRefinements and developments of the fuel injection device according to the invention are specified. The embodiment according to claim 2 enables continuous operation of the feed pump, in that fuel delivered by it when the check valve is closed
Entlastungsbereich abströmen kann. Die Ausbildung gemäß Anspruch 6 ermöglicht eine Fördermenge, die grösser ist als die erforderliche Saugmenge des Pumpenelements und somit auch eine Überströmmenge, durch die der Antrieb im Innenraum des Gehäuses geschmiert und gekühlt werden kann.Discharge area can flow. The embodiment according to claim 6 enables a delivery rate that is greater than the required suction rate of the pump element and thus also an overflow rate through which the drive can be lubricated and cooled in the interior of the housing.
Zeichnungdrawing
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen Figur 1 eineAn embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description. 1 shows a
Kraftstof einspritzeinrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine in schematischer Darstellung mit einer Hochdruckpumpe am Ende des Förderhubs von deren Pumpenelementen und Figur 2 die Hochdruckpumpe am Ende des Saughubs von deren Pumpenelementen. Beschreibung des AusführungsbeispielsFuel injection device for an internal combustion engine in a schematic representation with a high pressure pump at the end of the delivery stroke of its pump elements and FIG. 2 the high pressure pump at the end of the suction stroke of its pump elements. Description of the embodiment
In Figur 1 ist eine Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung einer Brennkraftmaschine beispielsweise eines Kraftfahrzeugs dargestellt, die eine Hochdruckpumpe 10 aufweist. Durch die Hochdruckpumpe 10 wird dabei Kraftstoff unter Hochdruck in einen Speicher 12 gefördert, aus dem Kraftstoff zur Einspritzung an der Brennkraftmaschine entnommen wird. An jedem Zylinder der Brennkraftmaschine ist dabei ein Injektor 14 angeordnet, der über eine Leitung 16 mit dem Speicher 12 verbunden ist. Der Injektor 14 weist ein Steuerventil 18 auf, das durch eine elektronische Steuereinrichtung 20 angesteuert wird, und durch das die Öffnung des Injektors 14 und damit die Kraftstoffeinspritzung gesteuert wird.FIG. 1 shows a fuel injection device of an internal combustion engine, for example of a motor vehicle, which has a high-pressure pump 10. The high-pressure pump 10 delivers fuel under high pressure into a reservoir 12, from which fuel is taken for injection at the internal combustion engine. An injector 14 is arranged on each cylinder of the internal combustion engine and is connected to the accumulator 12 via a line 16. The injector 14 has a control valve 18 which is controlled by an electronic control device 20 and by which the opening of the injector 14 and thus the fuel injection is controlled.
Durch eine Förderpumpe 22 wird Kraftstoff aus einem Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter 24 zur Hochdruckpumpe 10 gefördert. Die Förderpumpe 22 weist vorzugsweise einen elektrischen Antrieb auf, kann aber auch mechanisch angetrieben sein. Zwischen der Förderpumpe 22 und der Hochdruckpumpe 10 ist ein Filter 26 angeordnet, um den durch die Hochdruckpumpe 10 geförderten Kraftstoff zu filtern.A feed pump 22 delivers fuel from a fuel reservoir 24 to the high-pressure pump 10. The feed pump 22 preferably has an electric drive, but can also be mechanically driven. A filter 26 is arranged between the feed pump 22 and the high pressure pump 10 in order to filter the fuel delivered by the high pressure pump 10.
Die Hochdruckpumpe 10 weist ein Gehäuse 30 auf, in dem in einem Innenraum 31 eine Antriebswelle 32 um eine Achse 33 drehbar gelagert ist. Die Antriebswelle 32 wird beispielsweise durch die Brennkraftmaschine angetrieben. Die Antriebswelle 32 weist im Innenraum 31 wenigstens einen Nocken 34 auf, wobei beim dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ein Doppelnocken vorgesehen ist, der zwei einander diametral gegenüberliegende Nockenerhebungen aufweist. Die Hochdruckpumpe 10 weist wenigstens ein im Gehäuse 30 angeordnetes Pumpenelement 36 auf, wobei beim dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel zwei einander diametral gegenüberliegende Pumpenelemente 36 vorgesehen sind. Jedes Pumpenelement 36 weist einen Pumpenkolben 38 auf, der in einer zumindest annähernd radial zur Drehachse 33 der Antriebswelle 32 verlaufenden Zylinderbohrung 40 dicht geführt ist und in dieser mit seiner nach aussen weisenden Stirnseite einen Pumpenarbeitsraum 42 begrenzt. DieThe high-pressure pump 10 has a housing 30, in which a drive shaft 32 is rotatably mounted about an axis 33 in an interior 31. The drive shaft 32 is driven, for example, by the internal combustion engine. The drive shaft 32 has at least one cam 34 in the interior 31, a double cam being provided in the exemplary embodiment shown, which cam has two diametrically opposed cam lobes. The high-pressure pump 10 has at least one pump element 36 arranged in the housing 30, two pump elements 36 lying diametrically opposite one another being provided in the exemplary embodiment shown. each Pump element 36 has a pump piston 38 which is tightly guided in a cylinder bore 40 which extends at least approximately radially to the axis of rotation 33 of the drive shaft 32 and which defines a pump working space 42 with its outwardly facing end face. The
Zylinderbohrung 40 kann direkt im Gehäuse 30 oder in einem in das Gehäuse 30 eingefügten Einsatz ausgebildet sein. Der Pumpenkolben 38 ragt mit seinem radial nach innen weisenden Ende aus der Zylinderbohrung 40 heraus und stützt sich über einen Stössel 44 am Nocken 34 der Antriebswelle 30 ab. Der Stössel 44 ist in einer Bohrung 46 im Gehäuse 30 dicht geführt und weist vorzugsweise einen grösseren Durchmesser auf als der Pumpenkolben 38 in seinem den Pumpenarbeitsraum 42 begrenzenden Bereich. Der Pumpenkolben 38 weist an seinem Kolbenfuss 39, mit dem er sich am Stössel 44 abstützt, einen grösseren Durchmesser als in seinem den Pumpenarbeitsraum 42 begrenzenden Bereich und einen etwa gleich grossen Durchmesser wie der Stössel 44 auf. Zwischen dem Gehäuse 30 und dem Kolbenfuss 39 ist eine vorgespannte Feder 48, beispielsweise in Form einer Schraubendruckfeder, eingespannt, durch die der Pumpenkolben 38 und über dessen Kolbenfuss 39 der Stössel 44 in Anlage am Nocken 34 der Antriebswelle 32 gehalten wird. In die dem Nocken 34 zugewandte Seite des Stössels 44 ist eine zylindrische Rolle 50 eingesetzt, die auf dem Nocken 34 abrollt. Der Stössel 44 begrenzt mit seiner dem Pumpenkolben 38 abgewandten und aus der Bohrung 46 ragenden Teil den Innenraum 31 des Gehäuses 30. Der Stössel 44 kann auch entfallen, wobei sich dann der Pumpenkolben 38 über seinen Kolbenfuss 39, in dem beispielsweise eine Rolle 50 angeordnet sein kann, direkt am Nocken 34 abstützt.Cylinder bore 40 can be formed directly in housing 30 or in an insert inserted into housing 30. The pump piston 38 projects with its radially inward end out of the cylinder bore 40 and is supported on the cam 34 of the drive shaft 30 by means of a tappet 44. The plunger 44 is tightly guided in a bore 46 in the housing 30 and preferably has a larger diameter than the pump piston 38 in its area delimiting the pump working space 42. The pump piston 38 has on its piston foot 39, with which it is supported on the plunger 44, a larger diameter than in its area delimiting the pump working space 42 and an approximately the same diameter as the plunger 44. A preloaded spring 48, for example in the form of a helical compression spring, is clamped between the housing 30 and the piston foot 39, by means of which the pump piston 38 and, via its piston foot 39, the plunger 44 are held in contact with the cam 34 of the drive shaft 32. In the side of the plunger 44 facing the cam 34, a cylindrical roller 50 is inserted, which rolls on the cam 34. The tappet 44, with its part facing away from the pump piston 38 and protruding from the bore 46, delimits the interior 31 of the housing 30. The tappet 44 can also be omitted, the pump piston 38 then being arranged over its piston foot 39, in which, for example, a roller 50 is arranged can, supported directly on the cam 34.
Der durch die Förderpumpe 22 geförderte Kraftstoff wird über eine Leitung 23 dem Innenraum 31 des Gehäuses 30 der Hochdruckpumpe 10 zugeführt. In der Leitung 23 ist ein zum Innenraum 31 hin öffnendes Rückschlagventil 52 angeordnet, das verhindert, dass aus dem Innenraum 31 Kraftstoff zur Förderpumpe 22 zurückströmen kann. Von der Leitung 23 führt zwischen der Förderpumpe 22 und dem Rückschlagventil 52 eine Leitung 54 zu einem Entlastungsbereich ab, der beispielsweise ein Rücklauf 55 zum Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter 24 sein kann. Vom Innenraum 31 des Gehäuses 30 der Hochdruckpumpe 10 führt eine Leitung 56 zu einem Entlastungsbereich ab, der wiederum der Rücklauf 55 zum Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter 24 sein kann. In der Leitung 56 ist ein Druckventil 58 angeordnet, das die Verbindung zumThe fuel delivered by the feed pump 22 is fed via a line 23 to the interior 31 of the housing 30 of the high-pressure pump 10. A check valve 52 opening towards the interior 31 is arranged in the line 23, this prevents fuel from flowing back to the feed pump 22 from the interior 31. A line 54 leads from the line 23 between the feed pump 22 and the check valve 52 to a relief region, which can be, for example, a return 55 to the fuel reservoir 24. A line 56 leads from the interior 31 of the housing 30 of the high-pressure pump 10 to a relief area, which in turn can be the return 55 to the fuel reservoir 24. In the line 56, a pressure valve 58 is arranged, which connects to
Rücklauf 55 erst bei Überschreiten eines vorgegebenen Drucks im Innenraum 31 freigibt und bei geringerem Druck die Verbindung zum Rücklauf 55 verschlossen hält.Returns 55 only releases when a predetermined pressure in the interior 31 is exceeded and keeps the connection to the return 55 closed at a lower pressure.
In den Pumpenarbeitsraum 42 der Pumpenelemente 36 mündet jeweils ein Zulauf 60, in dem ein in den Pumpenarbeitsraum 42 öffnendes Rückschlagventil 62 als Einlassventil angeordnet ist. Vom Pumpenarbeitsraum 42 führt ausserdem jeweils ein Ablauf 64 ab, der in den Speicher 12 mündet und in dem ein aus dem Pumpenarbeitsraum 42 zum Speicher 12 hin öffnendes Rückschlagventil 66 als Auslassventil angeordnet ist. Der Zulauf 60 der Pumpenarbeitsräume 42 der Pumpenelemente 36 ist jeweils mit dem Innenraum 31 des Gehäuses 30 der Hochdruckpumpe 10 verbunden. Die Pumpenkolben 38 der Pumpenelemente 36 fördern synchron miteinander, das heisst diese führen gleichzeitig ihren jeweiligen Förderhub und ihren jeweiligen Saughub aus. Wenn die Pumpenkolben 38 ihren Saughub ausführen, so bewegen diese sich durch die Federn 48 bewirkt entsprechend dem Profil des Nockens 34, an dem die Stössel 44 über die Rollen 50 anliegen, radial nach innen und deren Stössel 44 bewegen sich aus der Bohrung 46 heraus in den Innenraum 31 hinein. Hierbei wird das Volumen des Innenraums 31 verringert, so dass der Druck im Innenraum 31 steigt, wobei durch das Rückschlagventil 52 verhindert wird, dass Kraftstoff in den Rücklauf 55 verdrängt wird. Beim Saughub der Pumpenkolben 38 herrscht in den Pumpenarbeitsräumen 42 ein geringerer Druck als im Innenraum 31, so dass bei geöffneten Einlassventilen 62 Kraftstoff aus dem Innenraum 31 verdrängt und in die Pumpenarbeitsräume 42 gefördert wird. Beim Förderhub der Pumpenkolben 38 schliessen die Einlassventile 62 und bei Überschreiten eines vorgegebenen Drucks öffnen die Auslassventile 66, so dass Kraftstoff über den Ablauf 64 in den Speicher 12 gefördert wird.In the pump work chamber 42 of the pump elements 36, an inlet 60 opens, in which a check valve 62 opening into the pump work chamber 42 is arranged as an inlet valve. In addition, a drain 64 leads from the pump work chamber 42, which ends in the reservoir 12 and in which a check valve 66 opening from the pump work chamber 42 to the reservoir 12 is arranged as an outlet valve. The inlet 60 of the pump work spaces 42 of the pump elements 36 is connected to the interior 31 of the housing 30 of the high pressure pump 10. The pump pistons 38 of the pump elements 36 deliver synchronously with one another, that is to say they execute their respective delivery stroke and their respective suction stroke simultaneously. When the pump pistons 38 carry out their suction stroke, they move through the springs 48 in accordance with the profile of the cam 34, against which the tappets 44 rest against the rollers 50, radially inwards and their tappets 44 move out of the bore 46 into the interior 31. Here, the volume of the interior 31 is reduced, so that the pressure in the interior 31 increases, the check valve 52 preventing fuel from being displaced into the return 55. During the suction stroke of the pump pistons 38 there is a lower pressure in the pump workrooms 42 than in the interior 31, so that fuel is displaced from the interior 31 when the inlet valves 62 are open and is pumped into the pump workrooms 42. During the delivery stroke of the pump pistons 38, the inlet valves 62 close and when a predetermined pressure is exceeded, the outlet valves 66 open, so that fuel is conveyed into the accumulator 12 via the outlet 64.
Beim Förderhub der Pumpenkolben 38 bewegen diese sich durch den Nocken 34 bewirkt gegen die Kraft der Federn 48 radial nach aussen und die Stössel 44 bewegen sich in die Bohrung 46 hinein, so dass das Volumen des Innenraums 31 vergrössert wird. Das Rückschlagventil 52 öffnet dabei und durch die Förderpumpe 22 geförderter Kraftstoff strömt in denDuring the delivery stroke of the pump pistons 38, the cams 34 move radially outwards against the force of the springs 48 and the plungers 44 move into the bore 46, so that the volume of the interior 31 is increased. The check valve 52 opens and fuel delivered by the feed pump 22 flows into the
Innenraum 31 ein und befüllt diesen. Die Förderpumpe 22 fördert kontinuierlich Kraftstoff und der bei geschlossenem Rückschlagventil 52 durch die Förderpumpe 22 geförderte Kraftstoff strömt über die Leitung 54 in den Rücklauf 55.Interior 31 and fills it. The feed pump 22 continuously delivers fuel and the fuel delivered by the feed pump 22 when the check valve 52 is closed flows via the line 54 into the return 55.
Da die Stössel 44 einen grösseren Durchmesser aufweisen als die Pumpenkolben 38 in deren den jeweiligen Pumpenarbeitsraum 42 begrenzendem Bereich wird durch diese beim Saughub der Pumpenkolben 38 mehr Kraftstoff aus dem Innenraum 31 verdrängt als durch die Pumpenkolben 38 in die Pumpenarbeitsräume 42 angesaugt wird. Die überschüssige Kraftstoffmenge strömt bei geöffnetem Druckventil 58 über die Leitung 56 in den Rücklauf 55. Hierdurch wird ein ständiges Entleeren und Befüllen des Innenraums 31 mit Kraftstoff erreicht und somit eine gute Schmierung undSince the plungers 44 have a larger diameter than the pump pistons 38 in their area delimiting the respective pump working chamber 42, more fuel is displaced from the interior 31 during the suction stroke of the pump pistons 38 than is sucked into the pump working chambers 42 by the pump pistons 38. When the pressure valve 58 is open, the excess amount of fuel flows through the line 56 into the return 55. This results in a constant emptying and filling of the interior 31 with fuel and thus good lubrication and
Kühlung des Antriebs der Hochdruckpumpe 10, insbesondere der Antriebswelle 32, sowie der Stössel 44 und der auf dem Nocken 34 ablaufenden Rollen 50. Die Förderpumpe 22 braucht dabei nur einen relativ geringen Druck zu erzeugen, um den Innenraum 31 mit Kraftstoff befüllen zu können. Beim Saughub der Pumpenkolben 38 wird durch diese im Innenraum 31 ein relativ hoher Druck erzeugt, der eine ausreichende und schnelle Befüllung der Pumpenarbeitsräume 42 ermöglicht. Es kann auch vorgesehen sein, dass die Stössel 44 etwa denselben Durchmesser wie die Pumpenkolben 38 in deren den jeweiligen Pumpenarbeitsraum 42 begrenzendem Bereich aufweisen, so dass eine entsprechend geringere Kraftstoffmenge durch die Stössel 44 gefördert wird.Cooling the drive of the high-pressure pump 10, in particular the drive shaft 32, as well as the tappets 44 and the rollers 50 running on the cam 34. The feed pump 22 only needs to generate a relatively low pressure in order to be able to fill the interior 31 with fuel. During the suction stroke of the pump pistons 38, an interior 31 is caused by them generates relatively high pressure, which enables sufficient and rapid filling of the pump work spaces 42. It can also be provided that the tappets 44 have approximately the same diameter as the pump pistons 38 in their area delimiting the respective pump working space 42, so that a correspondingly smaller amount of fuel is delivered through the tappets 44.
In Figur 1 ist die Hochdruckpumpe 10 am Ende des Förderhubs der Pumpenkolben 38 dargestellt, bei dem sich dieIn Figure 1, the high pressure pump 10 is shown at the end of the delivery stroke of the pump piston 38, in which the
Pumpenkolben 38 im Bereich ihres äusseren Totpunkts befinden. Die Stössel 44 sind dabei am weitesten in die Bohrungen 46 eingetaucht und das Volumen des Innenraums 31 ist am grössten. Die Einlassventile 62 sind geschlossen, die Auslassventile 66 sind geöffnet und das Rückschlagventil 52 ist geöffnet, so dass Kraftstoff durch die Förderpumpe 22 in den Innenraum 31 gefördert wird. In Figur 2 ist die Hochdruckpumpe 10 am Ende des Saughubs der Pumpenkolben 38 dargestellt, bei dem sich die Pumpenkolben 38 im Bereich ihres inneren Totpunkts befinden. Die Stössel 44 sind dabei am weitesten aus den Bohrungen 46 heraus in den Innenraum 31 eingetaucht, so dass das Volumen des Innenraums 31 am kleinsten ist. Die Einlassventile 62 sind geöffnet, die Auslassventile 66 und das Rückschlagventil 52 sind geschlossen. Pump piston 38 are in the area of their outer dead center. The plungers 44 are most immersed in the bores 46 and the volume of the interior 31 is the largest. The inlet valves 62 are closed, the outlet valves 66 are open and the check valve 52 is open, so that fuel is conveyed into the interior 31 by the feed pump 22. FIG. 2 shows the high-pressure pump 10 at the end of the suction stroke of the pump pistons 38, in which the pump pistons 38 are in the region of their inner dead center. The plungers 44 are immersed the most out of the bores 46 into the interior 31, so that the volume of the interior 31 is smallest. The inlet valves 62 are open, the outlet valves 66 and the check valve 52 are closed.

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1. Kraftsto feinspritzeinrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine, mit einer Hochdruckpumpe (10) , durch die Kraftstoff in einen Speicher (12) gefördert wird, aus dem Kraftstoff zur Einspritzung an der Brennkraftmaschine entnommen wird, mit einer Förderpumpe (22) , durch die Kraftstoff aus einem Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter (24) zur Hochdruckpumpe (10) gefördert wird, wobei die Hochdruckpumpe (10) ein Gehäuse (30) mit einem Innenraum (31) aufweist, in dem ein Antrieb (32,34) für wenigstens ein Pumpenelement (36) der Hochdruckpumpe (10) angeordnet ist, wobei das Pumpenelement (36) einen durch den Antrieb (32,34) in einer Hubbewegung angetriebenen Pumpenkolben (38) aufweist, der einen Pumpenarbeitsraum (42) begrenzt, in den über einen Zulauf (60) bei einem Saughub des Pumpenkolbens (38) Kraftstoff zugeführt wird und aus dem bei einem Förderhub des Pumpenkolbens (38) Kraftstoff über einen Ablauf (64) in den Speicher (12) verdrängt wird, wobei sich der Pumpenkolben (38) bei seinem Saughub zum Innenraum (31) hin und bei seinem Förderhub vom Innenraum (31) weg bewegt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Förderpumpe (22) über eine ein zum Innenraum (31) des Gehäuses (30) hin öffnendes Rückschlagventil (52) aufweisende Verbindung (23) Kraftstoff in den Innenraum (31) fördert und dass der Zulauf (60) des Pumpenarbeitsraums (42) mit dem Innenraum (31) verbunden ist, so dass beim Saughub des Pumpenkolbens (38) durch dessen zum Innenraum (31) hin gerichtete Bewegung aus dem Innenraum (31) verdrängter Kraftstoff in den Pumpenarbeitsraum (42) angesaugt wird. 1. Fine fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine, with a high-pressure pump (10), through which fuel is conveyed into a memory (12), from which fuel is taken for injection at the internal combustion engine, with a feed pump (22), through which fuel from a Fuel reservoir (24) is conveyed to the high-pressure pump (10), the high-pressure pump (10) having a housing (30) with an interior (31) in which a drive (32, 34) for at least one pump element (36) of the high-pressure pump ( 10) is arranged, the pump element (36) having a pump piston (38) driven by the drive (32, 34) in a stroke movement, which delimits a pump work chamber (42) into which an inlet (60) is used during a suction stroke of the Pump piston (38) is supplied with fuel and from which during a delivery stroke of the pump piston (38) fuel is displaced via an outlet (64) into the reservoir (12), the pump piston (38) being at its sow ghub toward the interior (31) and during its delivery stroke away from the interior (31), characterized in that the feed pump (22) has a connection (52) that has a check valve (52) that opens towards the interior (31) of the housing (30) ( 23) promotes fuel into the interior (31) and that the inlet (60) of the pump work space (42) is connected to the interior (31), so that during the suction stroke of the pump piston (38) by its movement towards the interior (31) fuel displaced from the interior (31) is sucked into the pump work space (42).
2. Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass von der Verbindung (23) zwischen der Förderpumpe (22) und dem Innenraum (31) des Gehäuses (30) stromaufwärts vor dem Rückschlagventil (52) eine Verbindung (54) zu einem Entlastungsbereich (55) abführt.2. Fuel injection device according to claim 1, characterized in that of the connection (23) between the feed pump (22) and the interior (31) of the housing (30) upstream of the check valve (52) a connection (54) to a relief area ( 55) leads away.
3. Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Pumpenkolben (38) in Richtung seines Saughubs durch eine vorgespannte Feder (48) beaufschlagt ist.3. Fuel injection device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pump piston (38) is acted upon in the direction of its suction stroke by a prestressed spring (48).
4. Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Antrieb eine Antriebswelle (32) mit wenigstens einem Nocken (34) aufweist, durch den die Hubbewegung des Pumpenkolbens (38) bewirkt wird.4. Fuel injection device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the drive has a drive shaft (32) with at least one cam (34) through which the lifting movement of the pump piston (38) is effected.
5. Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich der Pumpenkolben (38) über einen Stössel (44) am Antrieb (32,34) abstützt, der in einer Bohrung (46) des Gehäuses (30) dicht geführt ist und der den Innenraum (31) teilweise begrenzt.5. Fuel injection device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the pump piston (38) is supported via a tappet (44) on the drive (32, 34), which is tightly guided in a bore (46) of the housing (30) and which partially limits the interior (31).
6. Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Stössel (44) einen grösseren6. Fuel injection device according to claim 5, characterized in that the plunger (44) is a larger one
Durchmesser aufweist als der Pumpenkolben (38) in seinem den Pumpenarbeitsraum (42) begrenzenden Bereich.Diameter than the pump piston (38) in its area delimiting the pump working space (42).
7. Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Nocken (34) ein7. Fuel injection device according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the cam (34)
Mehrfachnocken ist.Multiple cams is.
8. Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Zulauf (60) des Pumpenarbeitsraums (42) ein zum Pumpenarbeitsraum (42) öffnendes Rückschlagventil (62) angeordnet ist.8. Fuel injection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the inlet (60) of the pump work space (42) to Pump work chamber (42) opening check valve (62) is arranged.
9. Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Hochdruckpumpe (10) mehrere Pumpenelemente (36) aufweist.9. Fuel injection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the high pressure pump (10) has a plurality of pump elements (36).
10. Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass vom Innenraum (31) des Gehäuses (30) eine Verbindung (56) zu einem Entlastungsbereich (55) abführt, in der ein Druckventil (58) angeordnet ist, das die Verbindung (54) bei Überschreiten eines vorgegebenen Drucks im Innenraum (31) öffnet. 10. Fuel injection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that from the interior (31) of the housing (30) leads a connection (56) to a relief region (55) in which a pressure valve (58) is arranged, which connects () 54) opens when a predetermined pressure in the interior (31) is exceeded.
EP03773513A 2003-02-25 2003-10-13 Fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine Expired - Lifetime EP1599668B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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DE10307877 2003-02-25
DE10307877A DE10307877A1 (en) 2003-02-25 2003-02-25 Fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine
PCT/DE2003/003394 WO2004076847A1 (en) 2003-02-25 2003-10-13 Fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine

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EP1599668B1 EP1599668B1 (en) 2006-07-26

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EP1599668B1 (en) 2006-07-26
US20060193736A1 (en) 2006-08-31
JP2006514202A (en) 2006-04-27
DE10307877A1 (en) 2004-09-02
DE50304406D1 (en) 2006-09-07

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