EP1599300A1 - Continuous casting method - Google Patents
Continuous casting methodInfo
- Publication number
- EP1599300A1 EP1599300A1 EP04713860A EP04713860A EP1599300A1 EP 1599300 A1 EP1599300 A1 EP 1599300A1 EP 04713860 A EP04713860 A EP 04713860A EP 04713860 A EP04713860 A EP 04713860A EP 1599300 A1 EP1599300 A1 EP 1599300A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- strand
- coolant
- cooling
- mould
- process according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
- B22D11/124—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for cooling
- B22D11/1241—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for cooling by transporting the cast stock through a liquid medium bath or a fluidized bed
Definitions
- the invention concerns the continuous casting of metals of all kinds where liquid metal is used as coolant for directly cooling the strand and a device for such a cooling method according to the introducing parts of claims 1 and 9, respectively.
- the US 3 430 680 A discloses a cooling method, with a vertically oriented pipe, through which the coolant flows due to gravity.
- a nozzle is centrally inserted into this pipe, the metal to cast runs through this nozzle in a liquid state and the same velocity as the coolant, in order to avoid any shear forces or other disturbances of the liquid-liquid contact surface.
- the metal to cast solidifies from this contact surface towards the centre of the strand and is finally hard and tough enough to be separated from the coolant. Beside the enormous difficulties to come to identical velocities for two separate liquids in a stream consisting of two components flowing in purely a laminar state, the cooling efficiency is rather poor for exactly this reasons !
- the US 3 874438 A discloses a cooling bath of liquid metal which has its surface underneath the (shape providing) crucible outlet.
- the temperature situation is very tricky, the melt reaches its solidification point at the area of the outlet, shortly before entering the cooling bath.
- the cooling bath is provided in a cylinder and cooled by heat transfer through the side walls of the cylinder.
- Special provisions, namely an additional recipient for cooling liquid are provided for keeping the surface of the coolant at the chosen height. It is extremely difficult to keep the solidification temperature within the outlet, one has to take into account that the strand is still liquid over the greatest part of its cross section, that thermal energy is set free by the solidification and that the cooling process along the strand is changing during the cast, because the coolant gets warmer and warmer.
- the US 5 344 597 A discloses a very sophisticated process for the manufacturing of thin sheets of steel out of the liquid state: A thin layer of molten cast is brought to the surface of a coolant consisting of molten metal (e.g. led) and swims on it to a roller bed where it is kept, guided and moved away. The coolant comes into contact with the lower side of the cast only. The coolant is transferred from the surface region of the bath to a cooler and brought back to the bottom area of the bath by a pump. Due to the one-side-only cooling, due to the fact that the coolant is underneath the cast and due to the parallel movement of the sheet to the surface, the heat transport and therefore the cooling is rather poor and asymmetrical, leading to stress and distortions of the product.
- a coolant consisting of molten metal (e.g. led) and swims on it to a roller bed where it is kept, guided and moved away.
- the coolant comes into contact with the lower side of the cast only.
- the coolant is transferred from the
- US 2 363 695 A shows an interesting idea: Molten material, in most cases steel is fed through an thermally insulated pipe with U-shape to a nozzle which is directed upwards in a vessel filled with liquid led as coolant and then drawn vertically upwards.
- the coolant is kept in the vessel without stirring or agitating, therefore only moved by the strand and the convection movement due to temperature differences, meaning without remarkably movement. This, and the co-movement of the strand and the led raising due to its warming brings problems with uniform cooling and long lasting operation cycles.
- SU 863 161 A discloses the casting of a pipe in two steps: In the first step, a water cooled mould is used to produce a thin layer of solidified metal on the surface of the strand, in the second step, the strand is, along a curved path, further cooled by direct contact with liquid metal. The liquid metal is kept in a ring-like slit around the cast and is cooled indirectly with water. Beside problems with the toroidal form of the mould, problems with the uniformity of complicated heat transfer exist: The heat goes from the molten core through the solidified surface area to the liquid metal which is used as coolant, further into the wall of the mould and into the water which circulates in channels in this wall. It is nearly impossible to come to a defined and uniform cooling scheme with such an arrangement.
- US 3 128 513 A discloses a casting process where molten salt is used as coolant. Therefore, the strand has a higher density than the coolant and sinks to the bottom of the vessel. The pressure of the liquid interior of the strand is used to form the cross section of the strand, but this also brings a lot of problems and even dangerous risks (outbreak of molten metal, etc.). The coolant is simply kept in the vessel without any agitating, in some embodiments, where movable moulds for the strand are used, the contact between the surface of the strand and the coolant is hampered.
- JP 62101353 A discloses a conventional casting process for pipes.
- a hollow core is inserted at the nozzle.
- the hollow core is cooled on its inside with molten metal instead of water, in order to prevent any danger of direct contact of water and molten metal (steam explosion) in case of an accident. There is no direct contact between the strand and the liquid metal.
- the casting melt is cooled indirect by a mould as far as it is necessary to solidify a shell strong enough to carry the stresses at the mould exit and to resist a breakout of liquid casting melt.
- the strand is cooled directly by water realised as film cooling or as spray cooling or a two phase cooling with water and air.
- the direct cooling stage ensures the solidification of the liquid core of the strand.
- the second cooling stage is followed by a third one, a submerging in a water bath or a soft cooling stage by a flow of air.
- Strands produced in this process are always single crystals with a very smooth surface. But the production of single crystals is not the aim of usual continuous casting,' as the produced strands should be formable by rolling, extruding or forging or other cold or hot working process with isotropic properties.
- the DE 41 27 792 discloses to cast a problematic probe into a pre-heated mould with special geometric properties, where a special form of solidification takes place. This is a casting process, but has nothing to do with a continuous casting process.
- the invention proposes to use one or more jets or streams of liquified metal or ionic liquids as cooling medium with turbulent flow and, advantageously, an insulated mould.
- This makes sure that no water steam film exists at the surface of the strand and that the coolant hits the strand in a defined way after a defined treatment.
- This guarantees that the cooling properties and characteristics are well defined and controllable.
- Ionic liquids or designer liquids is the name for a group of salts composed of organic kations and mostly inorganic anions which have a melting point below 100°C. They may be used with the invention as long they do not decompose at the maximal working temperature of the process or react with the strand under the given circumstances. In the following description, they are in most cases not mentioned expressively, but always included when the term "molten metal” or "coolant” or the like is used.
- the mould consists preferably of an insulating mould, which enables a solidification of the strand shell in the near vicinity of the mould exit. This is responsible for the prevention of many surface defects and the prevention of an unwanted subsurface layer. Solidification occurs by the influence of the direct cooling.
- the direct cooling uses a liquid metal like lead, tin, bismuth, gallium, indium or alloys of them as well as other liquid metals or alloys being liquid below the solidification temperature of the cast metal or alloy.
- the feature of direct cooling in continuous casting with liquid metal ensures a very constant cooling behaviour, prevents, it this is wanted, oxidation of the new formed strand surface and eliminates the danger of explosions as a consequence of the use of water as coolant fully. Furthermore the hot tearing and cold tearing may be eliminated by the choice of the cooling metal and cooling metal temperature at the cooler entry and cooler exit.
- the produced strand is substantially free of the well known subsurface layer usually found in conventional continuous casting processes.
- the grain structure of the produced strands can be controlled by adjusting the coolant temperature.
- oxidation of the surface may be advantageous, because it gives a very well defined border to the coolant with respect to reactions and interactions between the coolant and the strand.
- air or oxygen may be inserted at the downstream end of the mould, the mould exit (coquille), but upstream of the place(s) where the jet(s) hit the surface of the strand.
- a very simple way to achieve this is (when vertically casting occurs) to let a small annular slot between the coquille and the coolant distribution unit which slot has a connection to the ambient air. If necessary, more sophisticated supplies may be used.
- the liquid metal as coolant can be directed onto the hot strand surface as continuous film or jet or as drops.
- the coolant distribution unit can be realised by a continuous slot around the strand perimeter but also may consist of slotted segments at different angles to the strand withdrawal direction.
- the mould itself can have any cross section and be cylindrical or conical getting wider in casting direction. For lower casting rates it is also possible to realise the direct cooling step by submerging the coolant distribution unit and the hot strand into a bath of liquid cooling metal.
- the invention was successful applied for casting of copper, magnesium and aluminium showing that it can applied for all non-ferrous metals and alloys as well as for steel.
- Grain structure can be controlled by adjusting the coolant temperature
- Hot . and cold tearing can be eliminated by adjusting and controlling the coolant temperature in the different stages of the cooling stages as well as by the choice of the liquid metal (or alloy) as coolant Inline rolling of the cast strand is possible and would safe energy costs for reheating
- Fig. 1 a mould according to the invention in a vertical cross section
- FIG. 2 an other embodiment of the invention in a similar view
- FIG. 3 a third embodiment of the invention in a similar view
- FIG. 4 a fourth embodiment of the invention in a similar view
- Fig. 5 a fifth embodiment of the invention in a similar view
- FIG. 6 a sixth embodiment of the invention in a similar view
- Fig. 7 a principal view of the cooling system
- Fig. 8 a principal view of an strand cooler.
- Fig. 1 shows a strand with vertical withdrawal direction.
- the cooling is done in a totally new way, using a complete filled strand cooler which is, in some ways, operated similar to heat exchanger known from chemical industry.
- the melt 1 is sucked from the tundish 2 (which can be heated) into the mould 3 and solidifies at the mould exit since the strand 4 is cooled by a liquid metal coolant 8 over the entire length of a cooling unit.
- the coolant 8 fills the entire gap-like room 11 between the surface of the strand 4 and the inner surface of a pipe 12 which surrounds the strand.
- the temperature of the strand 4 decreases during its movement through the strand cooler until its end is reached.
- a strand cleaning unit 7 ensures the slip off of the coolant from the strand 4.
- the cold coolant is fed into the strand cooler 5 and is distributed as it is required for the cast shape by a coolant distribution unit 6.
- the coolant 8 leaves the coolant distribution unit 6 either through a slit which has the form of a ring (depending on the cast shape) and is directed to the surface of the strand 4 or through a plurality of openings or nozzles which are arranged along a closed line and are directed to the surface of the strand too.
- the variant with the slit forms a closed, conical "wall" of flowing coolant 8, the variant with the openings a plurality of jets 10 of coolant 8.
- it is important that the velocity of the coolant 8, when leaving the coolant distribution unit 6, is high enough to make the flow turbulent. The reason for this is, that a turbulent flow has a much greater capacity of heat transport in the direction normal (away from the strand) to the flow direction than a laminar flow.
- the coolant 8 takes up heat from the hot strand 4, thereby heating up.
- the coolant collecting unit 9 ensures the required coolant distribution along the strand perimeter. This process type enables highest cooling rates but needs an accurate pressure control in the coolant feed.
- Fig. 8 shows a slit of circular form between two concentric, circular walls, the inner cylinder having an diameter of "d”, the outer, hollow, cylinder an inner diameter of "D”, the hydraulic diameter "D H " of the slit is calculated by:
- D H D - d
- the hydraulic diameter "D H " of an annulus and of noncircular channels is equivalent to the diameter of a circle with the same cross section. Hydraulic diameters for different shapes of the cross section are listed for example in Robert H. Perry (Ed.): “Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook” (Sixth Edition 1984). Pages 5-25 and 5-26 of this publication are hereby incorporated by reference. If a liquid medium flows through the slit with the hydraulic diameter "D H " (given in meters) in the direction normal to the plane of the drawing, having a kinematic viscosity v (given in m /s) and the mean velocity v (given in m/s), the so called Reynolds number Re may be calculated by:
- the coolant distribution unit 6 comprises several individual parts, which can be adjusted against each other preferably by means of a thread, in order to change the width of the conical slits in the coolant distribution unit 6. This enables the operator to change easily the width of the slits, and thus the Reynolds number, even during operation.
- the kinematic viscosity may be found in the data sheets or chemical or metallurgical textbooks, the velocity is given by the known cross section area (in m 2 ) of the slit and the volume of coolant (in m 3 ) passing per second, the width of the slit (which is half its hydraulic diameter) is known from the construction, therefore, with this description at hand, there exists no problem for the man skilled in the art to come to the turbulent flow which is used by the invention.
- Fig. 2 represents a process type, in which the cast strand 4 may be cooled softer than in the process type of Fig. 1.
- the casting melt 1 is sucked from the tundish 2 (which can be heated) into the mould 3 and solidifies at the mould exit as the heat is withdrawn by the coolant in direct contact with the strand 4.
- a cooling box 13 is provided around the area where the strand 4 solidifies during its movement.
- the cooling box 13 serves to collect the hot coolant.
- a strand cleaning unit 7 is fixed, it ensures that no coolant (in a technical sense) is remaining on the strand surface.
- the "cold" coolant is distributed along the strand perimeter as required for the cast strand shape by a coolant distribution unit 6.
- Fig. 3 represents a casting process according to the invention, and mould, respectively, with a heat withdrawal rate, which is substantially higher than that of the aforementioned casting processes shown in Fig. 2. Due to two consecutive cooling steps a high rate of heat flow away from the strand 4 to the coolant 9 is achieved. Thereby separate coolant feeds are provided for each cooling step.
- the casting melt 1 in the tundish 2 (which can be heated) is sucked into the mould 3 and solidifies at the mould exit.
- the axial heat removal in the strand 4 is, in a first cooling stage, similar to that according to Fig. 2 but gets increased by a second cooling stage in an additional cooling unit, which is similar to the cooling unit shown in Fig. 1.
- the device for the first cooling stage consists of a coolant distributor 6 which produces a coolant film 14.
- the device for the second cooling stage consists of a coolant distribution unit 6' and an attached pipe 12, acting as a heat exchanger tube, which ensures a higher heat removal than cooling stage one.
- the strand 4 is cleaned (technical clean) from the remaining coolant 8 on the surface by the cleaning unit 7.
- a cooling or collecting box 15 encloses the whole cooling unit.
- the figures 4, 5 and 6, respectively, show devices similar to those shown in figures 1, 2 and 3, respectively, but with horizontal withdrawal of the strand. Continuous casting with horizontal withdrawal is well known in the art, for the person skilled in the art, there is no problem to adapt the invention to this version of casting.
- Fig. 7 shows the flow sheet for the whole casting plant:
- the liquid metal used as coolant is stored in a tank 16, which needs to be heated by a heating unit 17 before starting the casting process.
- the liquid coolant is pumped by the pump 18 into the cooling unit 5.
- the cooling unit 5 it picks up heat from the hot strand 4, then the hot coolant leaves the cooling unit and gives up this heat in the heat exchanger 19. Then the cold coolant flows back into the coolant tank 16.
- the heat withdrawn in heat exchanger 19 can be used for different things in any case it may help to safe costs for energy in a firm.
- the coolant tank 16 as well as the whole cooling system needs to be free from air and especially from oxygen, this is ensured by flushing the coolant tank 16 and the cooling unit 5 with inert-gas 20.
- inert-gas 20 all such gases known in the art are usable, they have to stay inert at the given temperatures at contact with the coolant and the material of the strand. It is, of course, advantageous to use the same inert-gas in the storage tank 16 and the cooling unit 5.
- the whole casting plant can further comprise a strand withdrawal unit 25 and a Flying saw 26 for cutting the strand 4 in pieces of certain length.
- sensors for the temperature (TIC) 21, 22, sensors for the flow rate (FIC) 23 and sensors for the pressure (PIC) 24 at least near the entrance of the cooling agent into the cooling unit 5. It is of course advantageous to have further measuring points within this system.
- the invention is not restricted to the shown and described embodiments.
- Coolant can be a liquid metal like lead, tin, bismuth, gallium, indium or alloys of them as well as metals or alloys, which are having a melting point lower equal 60% of the melting point of the casting material.
- non-metallic liquids namely any liquid medium, which does not react with the material of the strand at the relevant temperatures and which stays in a liquid state at all temperatures involved in the cooling process. This may be some organic compounds, especially for strands of low-melting alloys. It is not necessary that the storage tank 16 is arranged at lower level than the mould 3, but for safety reasons, this arrangement is preferred.
- the pump 18 and other armatures have to be put to other positions, but this brings no problem to the man skilled in the art.
- the pipes, the pump 18, the armatures, the sensors 21, 22, 23, 24, the cooling device 5, the pipe-like heat exchanger and other equipment for the coolant are, given the disclosure of the invention, readily available for the man skilled in the art of casting metal, may it be ferrous or not.
- the casting process can apply one or more direct cooling steps.
- the use of liquid metal as coolant prevents, if this is wanted, the formation of oxide layers on the strand surface.
- the adjustment of the coolant feed temperature and coolant flow rate allows good control of the cooling rate and hence the formation of grain structure.
- the use of an insulating mould or, more precisely, a low heat removal in the mould prevents the formation of surface defects and inhomo- geneous subsurface layers.
- the use of liquid metal for the direct cooling in continuous casting eliminates the danger of explosions known from the conventional process using water as coolant. This increases the safety in cast shops enormous. For this continuous casting process no lubricant is necessary.
- the existing plants may easily be adapted to the invention, existing cooling systems using water my be stripped and replaced by the new system.
- the mould itself hardly needs any adaptation, it is only necessary to have the freezing area at the end of the mould, therefore, insulated moulds or very short cooled moulds may be best used.
Landscapes
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal Substances (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
- Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
- Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SI200430459T SI1599300T1 (en) | 2003-02-28 | 2004-02-24 | Continuous casting method |
EP04713860A EP1599300B1 (en) | 2003-02-28 | 2004-02-24 | Continuous casting method |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP03450060A EP1452252A1 (en) | 2003-02-28 | 2003-02-28 | Continuous casting method |
EP03450060 | 2003-02-28 | ||
PCT/EP2004/001794 WO2004076096A1 (en) | 2003-02-28 | 2004-02-24 | Continuous casting method |
EP04713860A EP1599300B1 (en) | 2003-02-28 | 2004-02-24 | Continuous casting method |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1599300A1 true EP1599300A1 (en) | 2005-11-30 |
EP1599300B1 EP1599300B1 (en) | 2007-07-18 |
Family
ID=32749075
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03450060A Withdrawn EP1452252A1 (en) | 2003-02-28 | 2003-02-28 | Continuous casting method |
EP04713860A Expired - Lifetime EP1599300B1 (en) | 2003-02-28 | 2004-02-24 | Continuous casting method |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03450060A Withdrawn EP1452252A1 (en) | 2003-02-28 | 2003-02-28 | Continuous casting method |
Country Status (18)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20070074846A1 (en) |
EP (2) | EP1452252A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2007523745A (en) |
CN (1) | CN100342996C (en) |
AT (1) | ATE367228T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2004216532B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0407886B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2516038C (en) |
DE (1) | DE602004007628T2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2290675T3 (en) |
IL (1) | IL170168A (en) |
IS (1) | IS2493B (en) |
MX (1) | MXPA05009163A (en) |
NO (1) | NO20054099L (en) |
PL (1) | PL206578B1 (en) |
SI (1) | SI1599300T1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2004076096A1 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA200506448B (en) |
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JP3668245B1 (en) * | 2004-04-08 | 2005-07-06 | 三友精機株式会社 | Transverse continuous casting method and continuous casting apparatus for magnesium slab or magnesium alloy slab |
EP1844880A1 (en) * | 2006-04-12 | 2007-10-17 | So & So Sommerhofer OEG | Strip casting |
US8080233B2 (en) * | 2006-05-12 | 2011-12-20 | Purdue Research Foundation | Power generation from solid aluminum |
JP5200406B2 (en) * | 2006-06-13 | 2013-06-05 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | Steel strip cooling method |
KR101050798B1 (en) | 2008-12-19 | 2011-07-21 | 재단법인 포항산업과학연구원 | Magnesium Alloy Billet Continuous Casting Machine |
AT508292B1 (en) * | 2009-05-28 | 2011-03-15 | Mettop Gmbh | METHOD FOR COOLING A METALURGIC OVEN AND COOLING SYSTEM FOR METALURGICAL OVENS |
EP2830792B1 (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2019-02-20 | ArcelorMittal | Continuous casting process of metal |
US8479802B1 (en) * | 2012-05-17 | 2013-07-09 | Almex USA, Inc. | Apparatus for casting aluminum lithium alloys |
US8365808B1 (en) | 2012-05-17 | 2013-02-05 | Almex USA, Inc. | Process and apparatus for minimizing the potential for explosions in the direct chill casting of aluminum lithium alloys |
WO2014121295A1 (en) | 2013-02-04 | 2014-08-07 | Almex USA, Inc. | Process and apparatus for minimizing the potential for explosions in the direct chill casting aluminum lithium alloys |
US9936541B2 (en) | 2013-11-23 | 2018-04-03 | Almex USA, Inc. | Alloy melting and holding furnace |
AT515566A1 (en) | 2014-03-06 | 2015-10-15 | Inteco Special Melting Technologies Gmbh | Method for cooling liquid-cooled molds for metallurgical processes |
WO2015179680A2 (en) | 2014-05-21 | 2015-11-26 | Novelis Inc. | Mixing eductor nozzle and flow control device |
WO2016133551A1 (en) | 2015-02-18 | 2016-08-25 | Inductotherm Corp. | Electric induction melting and holding furnaces for reactive metals and alloys |
EP3599037A1 (en) | 2018-07-25 | 2020-01-29 | Primetals Technologies Germany GmbH | Cooling section with adjustment of the cooling agent flow by means of pumping |
CN109604550B (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2020-02-21 | 河南理工大学 | Magnesium alloy vertical semi-continuous casting device |
CN109773166B (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2020-12-04 | 宁国市华成金研科技有限公司 | Liquid metal circulating cooling system and cooling method thereof |
CN112157245B (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2022-03-29 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Method for controlling oriented columnar crystal grains in process of preparing large-size oriented blade by utilizing LMC (melt-spinning-casting) oriented solidification technology |
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2003
- 2003-02-28 EP EP03450060A patent/EP1452252A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2004
- 2004-02-24 DE DE602004007628T patent/DE602004007628T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-02-24 ES ES04713860T patent/ES2290675T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-02-24 JP JP2006501935A patent/JP2007523745A/en active Pending
- 2004-02-24 CA CA2516038A patent/CA2516038C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-02-24 CN CNB200480005192XA patent/CN100342996C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-02-24 MX MXPA05009163A patent/MXPA05009163A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2004-02-24 SI SI200430459T patent/SI1599300T1/en unknown
- 2004-02-24 AT AT04713860T patent/ATE367228T1/en active
- 2004-02-24 BR BRPI0407886-1A patent/BRPI0407886B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-02-24 WO PCT/EP2004/001794 patent/WO2004076096A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2004-02-24 AU AU2004216532A patent/AU2004216532B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2004-02-24 PL PL378634A patent/PL206578B1/en unknown
- 2004-02-24 EP EP04713860A patent/EP1599300B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-02-24 US US10/547,607 patent/US20070074846A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2005
- 2005-08-09 IL IL170168A patent/IL170168A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-08-12 ZA ZA200506448A patent/ZA200506448B/en unknown
- 2005-09-02 NO NO20054099A patent/NO20054099L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-09-26 IS IS8046A patent/IS2493B/en unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2004076096A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2290675T3 (en) | 2008-02-16 |
ATE367228T1 (en) | 2007-08-15 |
AU2004216532A1 (en) | 2004-09-10 |
CN100342996C (en) | 2007-10-17 |
ZA200506448B (en) | 2006-04-26 |
MXPA05009163A (en) | 2006-01-27 |
NO20054099D0 (en) | 2005-09-02 |
SI1599300T1 (en) | 2007-12-31 |
BRPI0407886A (en) | 2006-03-01 |
IL170168A (en) | 2010-11-30 |
WO2004076096A1 (en) | 2004-09-10 |
DE602004007628T2 (en) | 2008-06-05 |
IS8046A (en) | 2005-09-26 |
NO20054099L (en) | 2005-09-20 |
CA2516038C (en) | 2011-05-03 |
PL378634A1 (en) | 2006-05-15 |
CA2516038A1 (en) | 2004-09-10 |
DE602004007628D1 (en) | 2007-08-30 |
IS2493B (en) | 2009-02-15 |
PL206578B1 (en) | 2010-08-31 |
JP2007523745A (en) | 2007-08-23 |
BRPI0407886B1 (en) | 2012-09-04 |
AU2004216532B2 (en) | 2009-05-07 |
EP1452252A1 (en) | 2004-09-01 |
EP1599300B1 (en) | 2007-07-18 |
CN1753743A (en) | 2006-03-29 |
US20070074846A1 (en) | 2007-04-05 |
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