EP1584859A2 - Pressure vessel for storing cryogen fuel - Google Patents

Pressure vessel for storing cryogen fuel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1584859A2
EP1584859A2 EP05102649A EP05102649A EP1584859A2 EP 1584859 A2 EP1584859 A2 EP 1584859A2 EP 05102649 A EP05102649 A EP 05102649A EP 05102649 A EP05102649 A EP 05102649A EP 1584859 A2 EP1584859 A2 EP 1584859A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure vessel
shell
outer container
inner pressure
concave
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05102649A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1584859A3 (en
Inventor
Markus Amsz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Publication date
Application filed by Bayerische Motoren Werke AG filed Critical Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Publication of EP1584859A2 publication Critical patent/EP1584859A2/en
Publication of EP1584859A3 publication Critical patent/EP1584859A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
    • F17C3/08—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation by vacuum spaces, e.g. Dewar flask
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0147—Shape complex
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0147—Shape complex
    • F17C2201/0152—Lobes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/054—Size medium (>1 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/056—Small (<1 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/01—Reinforcing or suspension means
    • F17C2203/011—Reinforcing means
    • F17C2203/012—Reinforcing means on or in the wall, e.g. ribs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/01—Reinforcing or suspension means
    • F17C2203/014—Suspension means
    • F17C2203/016—Cords
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0391—Thermal insulations by vacuum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0626—Multiple walls
    • F17C2203/0629—Two walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/22—Assembling processes
    • F17C2209/228—Assembling processes by screws, bolts or rivets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
    • F17C2209/23—Manufacturing of particular parts or at special locations
    • F17C2209/232—Manufacturing of particular parts or at special locations of walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/01—Improving mechanical properties or manufacturing
    • F17C2260/013—Reducing manufacturing time or effort
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
    • F17C2270/0168—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road by vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pressure vessel for storing cryogenic Fuel in a motor vehicle, according to the preamble of the first claim.
  • pressure vessel from cylinder, conical or frusto-conical container parts It is also known for storing cryogenic fuels double-walled, to use vacuum insulated containers.
  • This is the pressure vessel of surrounded by an outer container shell and the space between the pressure vessel and the outer container shell is substantially evacuated and / or provided with a material for thermal insulation.
  • the outer surface of the outer container shell is parallel to Outer surface of the pressure vessel by a so-called offset around the required isolation gap generated. It can also be sections different distances between the outer surface of the outer Container shell and the outer surface of the pressure vessel to be selected for example, to accommodate pipelines and valves.
  • Pipe and / or profile connectors in application by means of feedthroughs are guided through the pressure vessel and this in the outer container shell to record a double-walled vacuum-insulated container.
  • the object of the invention is to fix the inner pressure vessel in to provide its outer container shell whose structure it allows, without the mentioned disadvantages, storage of gaseous or cryogenic fuels for motor vehicles better in the vehicle package too integrate.
  • the invention relates to a double-walled pressure vessel for storage of cryogenic fuel in a motor vehicle whose inner pressure vessel jacket from the first container parts and the outer container jacket is composed of second container parts, each at least in one to the central longitudinal axis parallel or inclined plane so cut off and connected to each other at the interfaces, that the inner pressure vessel shell at least between the first Container parts has at least one concave curvature. Furthermore has the outer container shell surrounding the inner pressure vessel shell inward-facing support devices, each of which one in a concave curvature of the inner pressure vessel shell into it extends.
  • the invention is characterized in that the concave A concavity of the inner pressure vessel shell each of at least a tension band is spanned and that the support means of the outer container shell abut the respective drawstring.
  • the gap between the pressure vessel shell and the outer container shell in essentially evacuated and / or with a material for thermal insulation provided to keep evaporation losses as low as possible.
  • the concave Curvature of the pressure vessel shell surrounding Through this geometric Construction can in the container walls a membrane voltage state be achieved. Due to the load-oriented design can advantageously small wall thicknesses can be used. If then the Supporting the outer container shell also by the concave indentations are formed and if this is also circumferential, a simple, inexpensive pressure vessel construction is achieved by that the drawstrings around the pressure vessel jacket formed circumferentially are.
  • FIG. 1 shows in a three-dimensional view a pressure vessel according to the invention.
  • this pressure vessel is shown in longitudinal and cross-section.
  • the shape of a pressure vessel for storage of cryogenic fuel, for example hydrogen, in a motor vehicle be generated by its inner 1 and outer Druckbe mboermantel 11 from container parts 5, 6, and 7, 8 is composed, at least in a plane parallel or inclined to its central longitudinal axis 2 cut off and connected to each other at the interfaces. And although so that both the inner 1, and the outer pressure vessel shell 11 between their respective container parts 5, 6, and 7, 8 a have concave concavity.
  • the inner pressure vessel shell 1 composed of container parts 5, 6, which in one of their central longitudinal axis parallel plane 2 cut off and at the interfaces connected to each other. This creates the pressure vessel from at least two partially penetrating bodies, made up of circular Build up cross sections. At the interface of the two container parts 5, 6 is the inner pressure vessel shell 1 thus concave curved concave.
  • the gap 10 ( Figures 2, 3) between the inner pressure vessel shell 1 and the outer container shell 11 is evacuated.
  • the distance between inner Pressure vessel shell 1 and outer container shell 11 is selected so that the circumferential concave curvature of the outer container shell 11 at the interface of the two container parts 7, 8 in the circumferential concave Concave of the inner pressure vessel shell 1 at least as far protrudes into an imaginary, the concavity of the inner pressure vessel shell 1 bridging tangent to the container parts 5, 6 of the concave concavity of the outer container shell 11 is touched.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 the same terms and the same parts are used for the same parts Reference numeral used.
  • FIG. 2 shows the inner pressure vessel jacket 1 in the outer container jacket 11, fixed by the longitudinal direction of the inner pressure vessel shell. 1 circumferential, tensioned drawstring 12. The encircling concave indentation the outer container shell 11 is supported on the drawstring 12, which in the evacuated gap 10 between the inner pressure vessel shell. 1 and the outer container shell 11 extends. From the outside is on the outer container shell 11, a its circumferential curvature filling Stiffening profile 15 applied.
  • FIG. 3 shows the inner pressure vessel jacket 1 in the outer container jacket 11, fixed by the transversely around the inner pressure vessel shell. 1 circumferential, tensioned drawstring 13. The encircling concave indentation the outer container casing 11 is supported on the drawstring 13, which in the evacuated gap 10 between the inner pressure vessel shell. 1 and the outer container shell 11 extends. From the outside is on the outer container shell 11, a its circumferential curvature filling Stiffening profile 15 applied.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

A double skinned thermally insulating fuel tank for cryogenic fuel is assembled from two sets of half shells, but inner and outer, joined in a vertical or near vertical plane (2) and with matching concave profiles in both inner and outer skins to maintain an insulating spacing. Flexible tapes are strung across the inner concave profiles and around the outside of the tank to form simple spacers with a low thermal conduction. The tape spacers replace conventional fixed spacers and do not require any significant welded connections to the shells. The space between the skins is evacuated and/or filled with a thermally insulating material.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Druckbehälter zur Speicherung von kryogenem Kraftstoff in einem Kraftfahrzeug, nach dem Oberbegriff des ersten Anspruchs.The invention relates to a pressure vessel for storing cryogenic Fuel in a motor vehicle, according to the preamble of the first claim.

Aus DE 32 06 430 A1 ist bereits bekannt, Druckbehälter aus zylinder-, kegel- oder kegelstumpfförmigen Behälterteilen zusammenzusetzen. Es ist auch bekannt, zur Speicherung von kryogenen Kraftstoffen doppelwandige, vakuumisolierte Behälter zu verwenden. Dazu ist der Druckbehälter von einem äußeren Behältermantel umgeben und der Zwischenraum zwischen dem Druckbehälter und dem äußeren Behältermantel ist im wesentlichen evakuiert und/oder mit einem Material zur Wärmeisolierung versehen. Idealerweise wird die Außenfläche des äußeren Behältermantels parallel zur Außenfläche des Druckbehälters durch einen sogenannten Offset um den benötigten Isolationsspalt erzeugt. Es können auch abschnittsweise unterschiedliche Abstände zwischen der Außenfläche des äußeren Behältermantels und der Außenfläche des Druckbehälters gewählt werden, zum Beispiel zur Unterbringung von Rohrleitungen und Ventilen. Zur Fixierung des Druckbehälters in dessen äußerem Behältermantel kommen Rohr- und/oder Profilverbinder in Anwendung, die mittels Durchführungen durch den Druckbehälter geführt sind und diesen im äußeren Behältermantel zur Darstellung eines doppelwandigen vakuumisolierten Behälters aufnehmen. From DE 32 06 430 A1 is already known, pressure vessel from cylinder, conical or frusto-conical container parts. It is also known for storing cryogenic fuels double-walled, to use vacuum insulated containers. This is the pressure vessel of surrounded by an outer container shell and the space between the pressure vessel and the outer container shell is substantially evacuated and / or provided with a material for thermal insulation. Ideally, the outer surface of the outer container shell is parallel to Outer surface of the pressure vessel by a so-called offset around the required isolation gap generated. It can also be sections different distances between the outer surface of the outer Container shell and the outer surface of the pressure vessel to be selected for example, to accommodate pipelines and valves. to Fixation of the pressure vessel in the outer container shell come Pipe and / or profile connectors in application, by means of feedthroughs are guided through the pressure vessel and this in the outer container shell to record a double-walled vacuum-insulated container.

Bei einer Verwendung von solchen Rohr- und/oder Profilverbindern als Druckabstützungen, zur Fixierung des Druckbehälters im äußeren Behältermantel, wird das Nutzvolumen eingeschränkt, die Wärmeisolation beeinträchtigt und es sind mehr gasdichte Schweißnähte erforderlich.When using such pipe and / or profile connectors as Pressure supports, for fixing the pressure vessel in the outer Container jacket, the useful volume is limited, the heat insulation impaired and more gas-tight welds are required.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Fixierung des inneren Druckbehälters in dessen äußerem Behältermantel bereitzustellen, deren Aufbau es ermöglicht, ohne die genannten Nachteile Speicher von gasförmigen oder kryogenen Kraftstoffen für Kraftfahrzeuge besser im Fahrzeugpackage zu integrieren.The object of the invention is to fix the inner pressure vessel in to provide its outer container shell whose structure it allows, without the mentioned disadvantages, storage of gaseous or cryogenic fuels for motor vehicles better in the vehicle package too integrate.

Die Aufgabe wird mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung beschreiben die abhängigen Ansprüche.The object is achieved with the characterizing features of claim 1 solved. Preferred embodiments of the invention describe the dependent ones Claims.

Die Erfindung betrifft einen doppelwandigen Druckbehälter, zur Speicherung von kryogenem Kraftstoff in einem Kraftfahrzeug, dessen innerer Druckbehältermantel aus ersten Behälterteilen und dessen äußerer Behältermantel aus zweiten Behälterteilen zusammengesetzt ist, die jeweils mindestens in einer zu deren Mittellängsachse parallelen oder schiefen Ebene so abgeschnitten und an den Schnittstellen so miteinander verbunden sind, dass der innere Druckbehältermantel mindestens zwischen den ersten Behälterteilen mindestens eine konkave Einwölbung besitzt. Des weiteren besitzt der den inneren Druckbehältermantel umgebende äußere Behältermantel nach innen gerichtete Abstützeinrichtungen, von denen sich jeweils eine in eine konkave Einwölbung des inneren Druckbehältermantels hinein erstreckt. Die Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die konkave Einwölbung des inneren Druckbehältermantels jeweils von mindestens einem Zugband überspannt ist und dass die Abstützeinrichtungen des äußeren Behältermantels an dem jeweiligen Zugband anliegen. The invention relates to a double-walled pressure vessel for storage of cryogenic fuel in a motor vehicle whose inner pressure vessel jacket from the first container parts and the outer container jacket is composed of second container parts, each at least in one to the central longitudinal axis parallel or inclined plane so cut off and connected to each other at the interfaces, that the inner pressure vessel shell at least between the first Container parts has at least one concave curvature. Furthermore has the outer container shell surrounding the inner pressure vessel shell inward-facing support devices, each of which one in a concave curvature of the inner pressure vessel shell into it extends. The invention is characterized in that the concave A concavity of the inner pressure vessel shell each of at least a tension band is spanned and that the support means of the outer container shell abut the respective drawstring.

Das hat den Vorteil, dass Speichern von gasförmigen oder kryogenen Kraftstoffen aufgrund ihrer Formgebung eine bessere Integration im Fahrzeugpackage ermöglicht wird. Bauteilgewicht und Herstellkosten sind nicht wesentlich höher gegenüber zylindrischen Tanks. Die Fixierung des inneren Druckbehälters in dem äußeren Behältermantel ist dagegen, was Gewicht und Kosten betrifft, viel leichter und preiswerter herzustellen als mittels Rohr- und Profilverbindern, die mittels Durchführungen durch den Druckbehälter geführt werden müssen. Es sind weniger gasdichte Schweißnähte nötig und die Wärmeisolation ist effektiver. Die Zugbänder besitzen nur einen geringen Querschnitt und damit ist deren Wärmeleitungseffektivität sehr klein für minimierte Abdampfverluste. Außerdem sind alle für LH2-Speichersysteme notwendigen Funktionen, wie Rohrleitungen, Kupplung etc. mit diesem Konzept darstellbar.This has the advantage of storing gaseous or cryogenic Due to their shape, fuels are better integrated into the fuel Vehicle package is enabled. Component weight and manufacturing costs are not much higher than cylindrical tanks. The fixation of the inner pressure vessel in the outer container shell is against what Weight and cost concerns much easier and cheaper to manufacture than by means of pipe and profile connectors, which by means of passages through the Pressure vessel must be performed. There are less gas-tight welds necessary and the heat insulation is more effective. Own the drawstrings only a small cross-section and thus their heat conduction efficiency very small for minimized evaporation losses. Besides, all are for LH2 storage systems necessary functions, such as piping, coupling etc. representable with this concept.

Bei einer vorteilhaften Ausführung der Erfindung ist der Zwischenraum zwischen dem Druckbehältermantel und dem äußeren Behältermantel im wesentlichen evakuiert und/oder mit einem Material zur Wärmeisolierung versehen, um Abdampfverluste so gering wie möglich zu halten.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the gap between the pressure vessel shell and the outer container shell in essentially evacuated and / or with a material for thermal insulation provided to keep evaporation losses as low as possible.

Bei weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungen der Erfindung ist die konkave Einwölbung des Druckbehältermantels umlaufend. Durch diesen geometrischen Aufbau kann in den Behälterwänden ein Membranspannungszustand erreicht werden. Aufgrund der belastungsgerechten Konstruktion können vorteilhafterweise geringe Wandstärken verwendet werden. Wenn dann die Abstützeinrichtungen des äußeren Behältermantels ebenfalls durch dessen konkave Einwölbung gebildet sind und wenn diese ebenfalls umlaufend ist, wird ein einfacher kostengünstiger Druckbehälteraufbau dadurch erreicht, dass die Zugbänder um den Druckbehältermantel umlaufend ausgebildet sind. In further advantageous embodiments of the invention, the concave Curvature of the pressure vessel shell surrounding. Through this geometric Construction can in the container walls a membrane voltage state be achieved. Due to the load-oriented design can advantageously small wall thicknesses can be used. If then the Supporting the outer container shell also by the concave indentations are formed and if this is also circumferential, a simple, inexpensive pressure vessel construction is achieved by that the drawstrings around the pressure vessel jacket formed circumferentially are.

So ist es möglich, auf einfache Weise, durch Anordnung von zum Beispiel drei Zugbändern, eines in einer Längsebene und zwei in je einer Querebene, eine stabile Auflage des Druckbehälters im äußeren Behältermantel zu erreichen. Werden weitere Abstützpunkte für den äußeren Behältermantel benötigt, so können diese vorteilhafterweise durch weitere, um den Druckbehältermantel umlaufende Zugbänder gebildet werden.So it is possible, in a simple way, by arrangement of for example three drawstrings, one in a longitudinal plane and two in each transverse plane, a stable support of the pressure vessel in the outer container shell too to reach. Be further support points for the outer container shell needed, so they can advantageously by further to the Pressure vessel shell circumferential drawstrings are formed.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels weiter erläutert. Die Figur 1 zeigt in einer räumlichen Ansicht einen Druckbehälter gemäß der Erfindung. In den Figuren 2 und 3 is t dieser Druckbehälter in Längs- und Querschnitt gezeigt.In the following the invention will be further explained with reference to a preferred embodiment. FIG. 1 shows in a three-dimensional view a pressure vessel according to the invention. In FIGS. 2 and 3, this pressure vessel is shown in longitudinal and cross-section.

Nach der Erfindung kann die Form eines Druckbehälters zur Speicherung von kryogenem Kraftstoff, zum Beispiel Wasserstoff, in einem Kraftfahrzeug, erzeugt werden, indem dessen innerer 1 und äußerer Druckbe hältermantel 11 aus Behälterteilen 5, 6, bzw. 7, 8 zusammengesetzt wird, die mindestens in einer zu deren Mittellängsachse parallelen oder schiefen Ebene 2 abgeschnitten und an den Schnittstellen miteinander verbunden sind. Und zwar so, dass sowohl der innere 1, als auch der äußere Druckbehältermantel 11 zwischen ihren jeweiligen Behälterteilen 5, 6, bzw. 7, 8 eine konkave Einwölbung besitzen.According to the invention, the shape of a pressure vessel for storage of cryogenic fuel, for example hydrogen, in a motor vehicle, be generated by its inner 1 and outer Druckbe hältermantel 11 from container parts 5, 6, and 7, 8 is composed, at least in a plane parallel or inclined to its central longitudinal axis 2 cut off and connected to each other at the interfaces. And Although so that both the inner 1, and the outer pressure vessel shell 11 between their respective container parts 5, 6, and 7, 8 a have concave concavity.

In der Ausführung von Figur 1 ist der innere Druckbehältermantel 1 zusammengesetzt aus Behälterteilen 5, 6, die in einer zu deren Mittellängsachse parallelen Ebene 2 abgeschnitten und an den Schnittstellen miteinander verbunden sind. So entsteht der Druckbehälter aus mindestens zwei sich teilweise durchdringenden Körpern, die sich aus kreisförmigen Querschnitten aufbauen. An der Schnittstelle der beiden Behälterteile 5, 6 ist der innere Druckbehältermantel 1 somit umlaufend konkav eingewölbt. In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the inner pressure vessel shell 1 composed of container parts 5, 6, which in one of their central longitudinal axis parallel plane 2 cut off and at the interfaces connected to each other. This creates the pressure vessel from at least two partially penetrating bodies, made up of circular Build up cross sections. At the interface of the two container parts 5, 6 is the inner pressure vessel shell 1 thus concave curved concave.

Der äußere Behältermantel 11, aus den Behälterteilen 7, 8, dessen Form entsprechend der des inneren Behältermantels 1 erzeugt wurde, umgibt diesen mit im wesentlichen konstantem Abstand. Der Zwischenraum 10 (Figuren 2, 3) zwischen dem inneren Druckbehältermantel 1 und dem äußeren Behältermantel 11 ist evakuiert. Der Abstand zwischen innerem Druckbehältermantel 1 und äußerem Behältermantel 11 ist so gewählt, dass die umlaufende konkave Einwölbung des äußeren Behältermantels 11 an der Schnittstelle der beiden Behälterteile 7, 8 in die umlaufende konkave Einwölbung des inneren Druckbehältermantels 1 mindestens so weit hineinragt, dass eine gedachte, die Einwölbung des inneren Druckbehältermantels 1 überbrückende Tangente an die Behälterteile 5, 6 von der konkaven Einwölbung des äußeren Behältermantels 11 berührt wird.The outer container shell 11, from the container parts 7, 8, whose shape corresponding to that of the inner container shell 1, surrounds this at a substantially constant distance. The gap 10 (Figures 2, 3) between the inner pressure vessel shell 1 and the outer container shell 11 is evacuated. The distance between inner Pressure vessel shell 1 and outer container shell 11 is selected so that the circumferential concave curvature of the outer container shell 11 at the interface of the two container parts 7, 8 in the circumferential concave Concave of the inner pressure vessel shell 1 at least as far protrudes into an imaginary, the concavity of the inner pressure vessel shell 1 bridging tangent to the container parts 5, 6 of the concave concavity of the outer container shell 11 is touched.

Sind nun umlaufende, gespannte Zugbänder 12, 13, 14 um den inneren Druckbehältermantel 1 gelegt, wird der innere Druckbehältermantel 1 im äußeren Behältermantel 11 fixiert, da dieser sich mit seiner konkaven Einwölbung als nach innen gerichteter Abstützeinrichtung an den Zugbändern 12, 13, 14 abstützt. In diesem Ausführungsbeispiel sind drei Zugbänder 12, 13, 14 um den inneren Druckbehältermantel 1 gespannt, zwei, 13, 14, in Quer- und eines, 12, in Längsrichtung.Are now circumferential, tensioned drawstrings 12, 13, 14 around the inner Pressure vessel jacket 1 placed, the inner pressure vessel shell 1 is in outer container shell 11 fixed, since this is with its concave Concave as an inwardly directed support device on the drawstrings 12, 13, 14 is supported. In this embodiment, three drawstrings 12, 13, 14 stretched around the inner pressure vessel shell 1, two, 13, 14, in Transverse and one, 12, in the longitudinal direction.

In den Figuren 2 und 3 werden für gleiche Teile die gleichen Begriffe und Bezugszeichen verwendet.In FIGS. 2 and 3 the same terms and the same parts are used for the same parts Reference numeral used.

Figur 2 zeigt den inneren Druckbehältermantel 1 im äußeren Behältermantel 11, fixiert durch das in Längsrichtung um den inneren Druckbehältermantel 1 umlaufende, gespannte Zugband 12. Die umlaufende konkave Einwölbung des äußeren Behältermantels 11 stützt sich am Zugband 12 ab, das im evakuierten Zwischenraum 10 zwischen dem inneren Druckbehältermantel 1 und dem äußeren Behältermantel 11 verläuft. Von außen ist auf den äußeren Behältermantel 11, ein dessen umlaufende Einwölbung auffüllendes Versteifungsprofil 15 aufgebracht.FIG. 2 shows the inner pressure vessel jacket 1 in the outer container jacket 11, fixed by the longitudinal direction of the inner pressure vessel shell. 1 circumferential, tensioned drawstring 12. The encircling concave indentation the outer container shell 11 is supported on the drawstring 12, which in the evacuated gap 10 between the inner pressure vessel shell. 1 and the outer container shell 11 extends. From the outside is on the outer container shell 11, a its circumferential curvature filling Stiffening profile 15 applied.

Figur 3 zeigt den inneren Druckbehältermantel 1 im äußeren Behältermantel 11, fixiert durch das in Querrichtung um den inneren Druckbehältermantel 1 umlaufende, gespannte Zugband 13. Die umlaufende konkave Einwölbung des äußeren Behältermantels 11 stützt sich am Zugband 13 ab, das im evakuierten Zwischenraum 10 zwischen dem inneren Druckbehältermantel 1 und dem äußeren Behältermantel 11 verläuft. Von außen ist auf den äußeren Behältermantel 11, ein dessen umlaufende Einwölbung auffüllendes Versteifungsprofil 15 aufgebracht.FIG. 3 shows the inner pressure vessel jacket 1 in the outer container jacket 11, fixed by the transversely around the inner pressure vessel shell. 1 circumferential, tensioned drawstring 13. The encircling concave indentation the outer container casing 11 is supported on the drawstring 13, which in the evacuated gap 10 between the inner pressure vessel shell. 1 and the outer container shell 11 extends. From the outside is on the outer container shell 11, a its circumferential curvature filling Stiffening profile 15 applied.

Claims (6)

Doppelwandiger Druckbehälter, zur Speicherung von kryogenem Kraftstoff in einem Kraftfahrzeug, dessen innerer Druckbehältermantel (1) aus ersten Behälterteilen (5, 6) und dessen äußerer Behältermantel (11) aus zweiten Behälterteilen (7, 8) zusammengesetzt ist, die jeweils mindestens in einer zu deren Mittellängsachse parallelen oder schiefen Ebene (2) so abgeschnitten und an den Schnittstellen so miteinander verbunden sind, dass der innere Druckbehältermantel (1) mindestens zwischen den ersten Behälterteilen (5, 6) mindestens eine konkave Einwölbung besitzt, wobei der den inneren Druckbehältermantel (1) umgebende äußere Behältermantel (11) nach innen gerichtete Abstützeinrichtungen besitzt, von denen sich jeweils eine in eine konkave Einwölbung des inneren Druckbehältermantels (1) hinein erstreckt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die konkave Einwölbung des inneren Druckbehältermantels (1) jeweils von mindestens einem Zugband (12, 13, 14) überspannt ist und dass die Abstützeinrichtungen des äußeren Behältermantels (11) an dem jeweiligen Zugband (12, 13, 14) anliegen.Double-walled pressure vessel for storing cryogenic fuel in a motor vehicle, the inner pressure vessel shell (1) from first container parts (5, 6) and the outer container shell (11) from second container parts (7, 8) is composed, in each case at least in one whose central longitudinal axis parallel or inclined plane (2) are cut off and interconnected at the interfaces, that the inner pressure vessel shell (1) at least between the first container parts (5, 6) has at least one concave indentation, wherein the inner pressure vessel shell (1 ) surrounding outer container shell (11) has inwardly directed support means, one of which in each case in a concave concavity of the inner pressure vessel shell (1) extends into it, characterized in that the concave concavity of the inner pressure vessel shell (1) each of at least one drawstring ( 12, 13, 14) is spanned and that the Ab abutment means of the outer container shell (11) abut the respective drawstring (12, 13, 14). Druckbehälter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Zwischenraum (10) zwischen dem inneren Druckbehältermantel (1) und dem äußeren Behältermantel (11) im wesentlichen evakuiert und/oder mit einem Material zur Wärmeisolierung versehen ist. Pressure vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that the intermediate space (10) between the inner pressure vessel shell (1) and the outer container shell (11) is substantially evacuated and / or provided with a material for thermal insulation. Druckbehälter nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die konkave Einwölbung des inneren Druckbehältermantels (1) umlaufend ist.Pressure vessel according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the concave concavity of the inner pressure vessel shell (1) is circumferential. Druckbehälter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Abstützeinrichtungen des äußeren Behältermantels (11) ebenfalls durch dessen konkave Einwölbung gebildet sind.Pressure vessel according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the support means of the outer container shell (11) are also formed by its concave curvature. Druckbehälter nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die konkave Einwölbung des äußeren Behältermantels (11) umlaufend ist.Pressure vessel according to claim 4, characterized in that the concave curvature of the outer container shell (11) is circumferential. Druckbehälter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zugbänder (12, 13, 14) um den inneren Druckbehältermantel (1) umlaufend ausgebildet sind.Pressure vessel according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the drawstrings (12, 13, 14) around the inner pressure vessel shell (1) are formed circumferentially.
EP05102649A 2004-04-08 2005-04-04 Pressure vessel for storing cryogen fuel Withdrawn EP1584859A3 (en)

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DE102008004698B4 (en) * 2007-01-19 2016-10-20 GM Global Technology Operations LLC (n. d. Ges. d. Staates Delaware) Conically shaped fuel storage tank
WO2009019375A2 (en) * 2007-08-06 2009-02-12 L'Air Liquide Société Anonyme pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude Cryogenic fluid tank and vehicle comprising such a tank
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CN102954214B (en) * 2011-08-24 2015-02-11 株式会社神户制钢所 Pressure vessel
WO2021055319A1 (en) * 2019-09-16 2021-03-25 Third Shore Group, LLC Thermal management in conformable tanks

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