EP1583403A1 - Vorschaltgerät für mindestens eine Lampe - Google Patents
Vorschaltgerät für mindestens eine Lampe Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1583403A1 EP1583403A1 EP05004716A EP05004716A EP1583403A1 EP 1583403 A1 EP1583403 A1 EP 1583403A1 EP 05004716 A EP05004716 A EP 05004716A EP 05004716 A EP05004716 A EP 05004716A EP 1583403 A1 EP1583403 A1 EP 1583403A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- inductance
- lamp
- brake
- ballast according
- resonance
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000979 retarding effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
- H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
- H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
- H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
- H05B41/282—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices
- H05B41/2825—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices by means of a bridge converter in the final stage
- H05B41/2827—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices by means of a bridge converter in the final stage using specially adapted components in the load circuit, e.g. feed-back transformers, piezoelectric transformers; using specially adapted load circuit configurations
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L9/00—Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
- A47L9/0009—Storing devices ; Supports, stands or holders
- A47L9/0018—Storing devices ; Supports, stands or holders integrated in or removably mounted upon the suction cleaner for storing parts of said suction cleaner
- A47L9/0036—Storing devices ; Supports, stands or holders integrated in or removably mounted upon the suction cleaner for storing parts of said suction cleaner specially adapted for holding the suction hose
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L9/00—Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
- A47L9/24—Hoses or pipes; Hose or pipe couplings
- A47L9/248—Parts, details or accessories of hoses or pipes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
- H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
- H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
- H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
- H05B41/288—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps without preheating electrodes, e.g. for high-intensity discharge lamps, high-pressure mercury or sodium lamps or low-pressure sodium lamps
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a ballast for at least one lamp, in particular a ballast according to the preamble of claim 1.
- the problem underlying the invention is the better understanding shown half the example of a high-pressure discharge lamp, as for example in WO 02/30162 A2, WO 03/024161 A1 or US 2002/0041165 A1 are described.
- the invention can also be applied to other lamp types, used in particular other circuit topologies with resonance ignition become.
- To operate a high pressure discharge lamp is a sinusoidal Operating AC voltage required, their operating frequency depending on the geometry of the Lamp burner in the range between 45 kHz to 55 kHz usually in 100 Hz cycle sawtooth is wobbled or gesweept.
- the sweep operation generally prevents the excitation of acoustic resonances and thus contributes to the stabilization the plasma arc at.
- the output stage of an electronic ballast for the above operating frequency range is usually with an LC resonant circuit realized.
- the LC output circuit in addition to its impedance and filtering behavior are designed so that per resonant excitation, the generation of the lamp ignition voltage, typically each after lamp at 3.5 kV to 5 kV is possible.
- the possibility of resonant Generation of the ignition voltage represents a special boundary condition with respect to Design and dimensioning of the LC circuit, since both the used Inductance and the capacity used a sufficiently high energy carrying capacity must have, so that reaches the necessary Zündnapssdorf can be. In the case of the inductance, therefore, an air gap is usually to be provided.
- High pressure discharge lamps now have the property of being immediately after Ignition breakdown is not the nominal operating mode with nominal lamp impedance but the still cold lamp with a Gasverstärkungs trimbruch reacts and immediately after the ignition breakthrough for a short time, typically 0.5 ⁇ s to 100 ⁇ s, often completely conductive, d. H. the burning voltage less can be as 5V. Regarding the resonance output circuit charged to ignition voltage this represents a sudden short across which the on Ignition voltage charged effective capacity (including lamp line) accordingly be unloaded quickly and abruptly. These short-time short-circuit currents depending on the size of the effective capacity and the remaining Lead inductances increase up to several 100 A.
- the object of the present invention is therefore a generic Further develop the ballast so that there is an improved, especially safer Lamp startup possible.
- the stress that the components are exposed, and thus reduced lifetime of such Ballast can be achieved.
- the invention is based on the finding that the current immediately after Zünd be kept below a predetermined, still acceptable threshold can, if a brake inductance is arranged in series with the lamp.
- the circuit structure to understand which results in the AC equivalent circuit diagram.
- the resonant capacitance parallel to the first and second Terminal arranged for the lamp when it is switched directly to ground or indirectly, for example via a power supply is coupled to the ground or Combinations of these two variants.
- a preferred embodiment is characterized in that the resonance inductance and the first brake inductor wound on a common core are. This concept is based on the finding that a separate brake inductance, which is not wound on the core of the resonance inductance, also large must be designed so that it can carry the same energy as the resonance inductance. In particular, it would also have to have a core with an air gap. By the measure of this preferred embodiment can thus be Save core. This results in a reduction of the costs as well as the size.
- the winding sense of the resonance inductance and this Brake inductance on the core is in the same direction.
- the resonance inductance, the first and the second brake inductance, in particular in the same direction, wound on the same core compensate each other in nominal operation the effects of the two brake inductances, and the resonant arrangement including its filtering effect is identical to the arrangement with only one single resonance choke.
- the by the coupling of the first and the second brake inductance resulting stray inductance at least 10 ⁇ H, preferably at least 40 ⁇ H, is.
- the values of the brake inductances themselves are preferably at least 60 ⁇ H, even more preferably at least 120 ⁇ H.
- the first brake inductance or the first and the second brake inductance, depending on how sensitive the one to be operated therewith Lamp is the current through the lamp after the ignition break of the lamp to a maximum of 50 A, preferably to a maximum of 30 A, limit.
- FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a ballast according to the invention.
- switches S 1 and S 2 which are mutually opened and closed.
- Corresponding drive circuits are well known to the person skilled in the art. They are supplied by a supply voltage U 0 , which is also connected to two coupling capacitors C K1 and C K2 .
- a lamp La is connected to a resonance ignition circuit having a resonance inductance L 1 and a resonance capacitance C 1 .
- a brake inductance L B1 is provided, which is arranged in series with the lamp La, specifically between the lamp La and the resonant inductance L 1 .
- the brake inductance L B1 must have the same energy carrying capacity as the resonance inductance L 1 used to generate the resonance voltage. As shown, the resonance inductance L 1 and the brake inductance L B1 are coupled in the same direction.
- FIG. 1 shows a ballast according to the invention with a half-bridge arrangement
- FIG. 2 shows an embodiment with a full-bridge arrangement in which the coupling capacitors C K1 and C K2 are replaced by switches S 3 and S 4 .
- a second brake inductance L B2 is provided, which is arranged in series with the resonance capacity. It is wound on the same core as the resonance inductance L 1 and the first brake inductance L B1 , in particular also in the same direction.
- the air gap is arranged below the second brake inductance to a To produce stray inductance of sufficient magnitude.
- the effective brake inductance is accordingly the stray inductance L stray resulting from the coupling of the first brake inductance L B1 with the second brake inductance L B2 .
- L litter is at least 10 ⁇ H, preferably at least 40 ⁇ H.
- the braking inductance (s) is / are to be interpreted such that the current through the lamp is limited to a maximum of 50 A after ignition breakdown, preferably to a maximum 30 A.
- FIG 4 shows the ballast according to the invention shown in Figure 3 in full bridge arrangement, the coupling capacitors C K1 and C K2 are replaced by switches S 3 and S 4 again.
- the brake inductance LB1 which is connected in series with the lamp, always between the lamp La and the resonance inductance L1 switched.
- the brake inductance LB1 in series with the Lamp is connected to the terminal of the lamp La connected to the Resonance ignition circuit is coupled. This connection has a high before the ignition Voltage against a ground potential.
- the lamp La over a longer cable connected to the ballast, so forms between said port of Lamp La and the earth potential from a parasitic capacitance, which has a value of can have several hundred Pikopfarad.
- a remedy against high discharge currents from parasitic capacitances creates an embodiment a ballast according to the invention according to Figure 5.
- This embodiment corresponds essentially to the embodiment of Figure 3.
- the difference to Figure 3 is that now the lamp La between the Brake inductance LB1 and the resonance inductance L1 is connected.
- the brake inductance LB1 is thus connected to the lamp terminal labeled 12.
- This alternative arrangement of the brake inductance LB 1 causes discharge currents of parasitic capacitances flow through the brake inductance LB1 and thus the Value of these discharge currents is reduced. Also discharge currents of parasitic Capacities can not in the embodiment of Figure 5, the ballast Disturb or destroy.
- FIG. 5 is an alternative arrangement of the brake inductance LB1 compared to the embodiment of Figure 3 shown. Corresponding can also be the embodiments of Figures 1, 2 and 4 with the alternative arrangement of the brake inductance LB1 can be performed. This is then advantageous if parasitic capacitances to earth potential have large values. If a symmetrical wiring of the lamp La is desired, the brake inductance LB 1 also divided and arranged on both sides of the lamp La be.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Figur 1
- ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Vorschaltgeräts mit einer Bremsinduktivität;
- Figur 2
- ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Vorschaltgeräts mit einer Bremsinduktivität;
- Figur 3
- ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Vorschaltgeräts mit zwei Bremsinduktivitäten; und
- Figur 4
- ein viertes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Vorschaltgeräts mit zwei Bremsinduktivitäten.
- Figur 5
- ein fünftes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Vorschaltgeräts mit zwei Bremsinduktivitäten.
Claims (13)
- Vorschaltgerät für mindestens eine Lampe (La) mitmindestens zwei Schaltern (S1, S2), wobei jeweils zwei Schalter seriell angeordnet sind;einer Ansteuerschaltung zum abwechselnden Öffnen und Schließen von mindestens zwei seriell angeordneten Schaltern;einem Anschluss zum Anlegen einer Versorgungsspannung (U0) an jeweils zwei seriell angeordnete Schalter (S1, S2);einem Resonanzzündkreis, wobei der Resonanzzündkreis eingangsseitig an den Verbindungspunkt zweier seriell angeordneter Schalter (S1, S2) und ausgangsseitig an einen ersten Anschluss (10) für die Lampe (La) gekoppelt ist, wobei der Resonanzzündkreis eine Resonanzinduktivität (L1) aufweist, die seriell zum Verbindungspunkt zwischen den beiden Schaltern (S1, S2) und dem ersten Anschluss (10) für die Lampe (La) angeordnet ist, und eine Resonanzkapazität (C1), die wechselstrommäßig parallel zum ersten und zweiten Anschluss (10, 12) für die Lampe (La) angeordnet ist,
- Vorschaltgerät nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Resonanzinduktivität (L1) und die erste Bremsinduktivität (LB1) auf einem gemeinsamen Kern gewickelt sind. - Vorschaltgerät nach Anspruch 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kern Teil der Resonanzinduktivität (L1) ist. - Vorschaltgerät nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wicklungssinn der Resonanzinduktivität (L1) und der ersten Bremsinduktivität (LB1) auf dem Kern gleichsinnig ist. - Vorschaltgerät nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüchen,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine zweite Bremsinduktivität (LB2) vorhanden ist, die seriell zu der Resonanzkapazität (C1) angeordnet ist. - Vorschaltgerät nach Anspruch 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste und die zweite Bremsinduktivität (LB1, LB2) gleich groß sind. - Vorschaltgerät nach einem der Ansprüche 5 oder 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Resonanzinduktivität (L1), die erste und die zweite Bremsinduktivität (LB1, LB2) auf demselben Kern gewickelt sind. - Vorschaltgerät nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wicklungssinn der Resonanzinduktivität (L1), der ersten und der zweiten Bremsinduktivität (LB1, LB2) gleichsinnig ist. - Vorschaltgerät nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kopplung der ersten und der zweiten Bremsinduktivität (LB1, LB2) eine Streuinduktivität (LStreu) ergibt, die mindestens 10 µH, bevorzugt mindestens 40 µH beträgt. - Vorschaltgerät nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüchen,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jede Bremsinduktivität (LB1; LB2) mindestens 60 µH, bevorzugt mindestens 120 µH aufweist. - Vorschaltgerät nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüchen,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Bremsinduktivität (LB1) oder die erste und die zweite Bremsinduktivität (LB1, LB2) ausgelegt sind, den Strom (Imax) durch die Lampe (La) nach dem Zünddurchbruch der Lampe (La) auf maximal 50 A, bevorzugt auf maximal 30 A zu begrenzen. - Vorschaltgerät nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüchen,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Bremsinduktivität (LB1) zwischen die Lampe (La) und die Resonanzinduktivität (L1) geschaltet ist. - Vorschaltgerät nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Lampe (La) zwischen die erste Bremsinduktivität (LB1) und die Resonanzinduktivität (L1) geschaltet ist.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102004016389 | 2004-04-02 | ||
DE102004016389 | 2004-04-02 | ||
DE102004037382 | 2004-08-02 | ||
DE102004037382A DE102004037382A1 (de) | 2004-04-02 | 2004-08-02 | Vorschaltgerät für mindestens eine Lampe |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1583403A1 true EP1583403A1 (de) | 2005-10-05 |
EP1583403B1 EP1583403B1 (de) | 2011-06-22 |
Family
ID=34888826
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP05004716A Not-in-force EP1583403B1 (de) | 2004-04-02 | 2005-03-03 | Vorschaltgerät für mindestens eine Lampe |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7129649B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1583403B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP4843243B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR101145536B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN1678159B (de) |
AT (1) | ATE514316T1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2502846A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102004037382A1 (de) |
TW (1) | TW200605734A (de) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101461289A (zh) * | 2006-05-31 | 2009-06-17 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | 用于操作气体放电灯的方法和*** |
WO2007138507A1 (en) * | 2006-05-31 | 2007-12-06 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Method and system for operating a gas discharge lamp |
DE102009052702A1 (de) * | 2009-11-11 | 2011-05-12 | Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Schaltungsanordnung zum Betreiben einer Entladungslampe |
US10461651B2 (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2019-10-29 | Abb Schweiz Ag | Soft-switching power converters using air-core resonant inductor |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0314077A2 (de) * | 1987-10-27 | 1989-05-03 | Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. | Entladungslampenbetriebsschaltung |
GB2319677A (en) * | 1996-11-19 | 1998-05-27 | Micro Tech Ltd | Discharge lamp starting and operating circuit |
EP0855850A1 (de) * | 1997-01-27 | 1998-07-29 | MAGNETEK S.p.A. | Versorgungsschaltung für Entladungslampen mit symmetrischer Resonanzschaltung |
US20010020830A1 (en) * | 1998-09-18 | 2001-09-13 | Urs Rast | Circuit arrangement for operating gas discharge lamps |
US20020041165A1 (en) * | 2000-10-06 | 2002-04-11 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V | System and method for employing pulse width modulation with a bridge frequency sweep to implement color mixing lamp drive scheme |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH05121181A (ja) * | 1991-10-28 | 1993-05-18 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 放電灯点灯装置 |
US6124682A (en) * | 1996-11-19 | 2000-09-26 | Micro Tech Limited | Lamp driver circuit using resonant circuit for starting lamp |
US6680582B1 (en) | 2000-10-06 | 2004-01-20 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | System and method for employing pulse width modulation for reducing vertical segregation in a gas discharge lamp |
DE10053803A1 (de) * | 2000-10-30 | 2002-05-08 | Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh | Beleuchtungssystem mit schonender Vorheizung von Gasentladungslampen |
US6459214B1 (en) * | 2001-04-10 | 2002-10-01 | General Electric Company | High frequency/high power factor inverter circuit with combination cathode heating |
JP2003142283A (ja) * | 2001-10-31 | 2003-05-16 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | 放電灯用パルス発生回路、放電灯点灯装置および昇圧回路 |
EP1442634A1 (de) * | 2001-10-31 | 2004-08-04 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Elektronisches vorschaltgerät |
-
2004
- 2004-08-02 DE DE102004037382A patent/DE102004037382A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2005
- 2005-03-03 EP EP05004716A patent/EP1583403B1/de not_active Not-in-force
- 2005-03-03 AT AT05004716T patent/ATE514316T1/de active
- 2005-03-17 TW TW094108216A patent/TW200605734A/zh unknown
- 2005-03-31 CA CA002502846A patent/CA2502846A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-04-01 CN CN200510062629XA patent/CN1678159B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-04-02 KR KR1020050027800A patent/KR101145536B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-04-04 JP JP2005108035A patent/JP4843243B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-04-04 US US11/097,192 patent/US7129649B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0314077A2 (de) * | 1987-10-27 | 1989-05-03 | Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. | Entladungslampenbetriebsschaltung |
GB2319677A (en) * | 1996-11-19 | 1998-05-27 | Micro Tech Ltd | Discharge lamp starting and operating circuit |
EP0855850A1 (de) * | 1997-01-27 | 1998-07-29 | MAGNETEK S.p.A. | Versorgungsschaltung für Entladungslampen mit symmetrischer Resonanzschaltung |
US20010020830A1 (en) * | 1998-09-18 | 2001-09-13 | Urs Rast | Circuit arrangement for operating gas discharge lamps |
US20020041165A1 (en) * | 2000-10-06 | 2002-04-11 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V | System and method for employing pulse width modulation with a bridge frequency sweep to implement color mixing lamp drive scheme |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1678159A (zh) | 2005-10-05 |
CN1678159B (zh) | 2010-08-18 |
ATE514316T1 (de) | 2011-07-15 |
DE102004037382A1 (de) | 2005-10-20 |
JP2005294268A (ja) | 2005-10-20 |
CA2502846A1 (en) | 2005-10-02 |
KR101145536B1 (ko) | 2012-05-15 |
JP4843243B2 (ja) | 2011-12-21 |
US20050218833A1 (en) | 2005-10-06 |
US7129649B2 (en) | 2006-10-31 |
KR20060045452A (ko) | 2006-05-17 |
TW200605734A (en) | 2006-02-01 |
EP1583403B1 (de) | 2011-06-22 |
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