EP1581697A1 - Produit cellulosique et procede de fabrication correspondant - Google Patents

Produit cellulosique et procede de fabrication correspondant

Info

Publication number
EP1581697A1
EP1581697A1 EP03811566A EP03811566A EP1581697A1 EP 1581697 A1 EP1581697 A1 EP 1581697A1 EP 03811566 A EP03811566 A EP 03811566A EP 03811566 A EP03811566 A EP 03811566A EP 1581697 A1 EP1581697 A1 EP 1581697A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
clay
process according
suspension
drainage
cationic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP03811566A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Marek Tokarz
Jerker Nilsson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Akzo Nobel NV
Original Assignee
Akzo Nobel NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Akzo Nobel NV filed Critical Akzo Nobel NV
Priority to EP03811566A priority Critical patent/EP1581697A1/fr
Publication of EP1581697A1 publication Critical patent/EP1581697A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/02—Agents for preventing deposition on the paper mill equipment, e.g. pitch or slime control
    • D21H21/04—Slime-control agents
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
    • D21H19/66—Coatings characterised by a special visual effect, e.g. patterned, textured
    • D21H19/68—Coatings characterised by a special visual effect, e.g. patterned, textured uneven, broken, discontinuous
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/02—Agents for preventing deposition on the paper mill equipment, e.g. pitch or slime control
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/63—Inorganic compounds
    • D21H17/67—Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments
    • D21H17/68—Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments siliceous, e.g. clays
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/06—Paper forming aids
    • D21H21/10—Retention agents or drainage improvers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for the production of a cellulosic product which comprises treating cellulosic fibres with clay having 3R 2 stacking, and to a process for the production of a cellulosic product which comprises treating cellulosic fibres with cationic clay.
  • the invention also relates to a cellulosic product comprising clay having 3R 2 stacking.
  • Pulp suspensions are widely used for making cellulosic products such as, for example, pulp and paper, and contain, apart from cellulosic fibres, also compounds which have a negative impact on the production process. Such compounds are found both in cellulosic suspensions originating from virgin pulp and from recycled pulp.
  • pitch In virgin pulp suspensions such disturbing/detrimental substances are primarily hemicellulose, lignin as well as lipophilic and hydrophilic extractives. Apart from the cellulose, these substances are to a varying extent dissolved or colloidally dispersed into the process waters during the pulping and bleaching operations. Compounds which are released during pulping and bleaching operations are commonly referred to as pitch. Examples of pitch include wood resins such as lipophilic extractives (fatty and resin acids, sterols, stearyl esters, triglycerides), and also fats, terpenes, terpeniods, waxes, etc.
  • lipophilic extractives fatty and resin acids, sterols, stearyl esters, triglycerides
  • fats terpenes, terpeniods, waxes, etc.
  • the compounds having a negative influence on the paper making process mainly consist of glues, hot-melt plastics inks and latex, just to mention a few compounds - which are commonly referred to as stickies.
  • the suspension also contains charged contaminants like salts and various wood polymers of which the charged, low charged or non-charged compounds compete with the cellulose with respect to the adsorption and interaction with added performance chemicals such as drainage and retention aids, sizing agents, etc.
  • anionic trash is referred to as anionic trash.
  • talc has been widely used for adsorbing pitch and stickies.
  • clays have been employed for reducing the impact of detrimental compounds.
  • Japanese laid-open patent application No. 1985-94687 relates to a pitch- adsorbing agent containing hydrotalcite.
  • the present invention is generally directed to a process in which cellulosic fibres are treated with a clay having 3R 2 stacking.
  • the present invention is also generally directed to a process in which cellulosic fibres are treated with a cationic clay.
  • the invention is directed to a process for the production of a cellulosic product which comprises adding a clay having 3R 2 stacking to an aqueous suspension containing cellulosic fibres.
  • the present invention is further generally directed to a cellulosic product comprising a clay having 3R 2 stacking.
  • the present invention further relates to a process for the production of a cellulosic product which comprises (i) providing an aqueous suspension containing cellulosic fibres; (ii) adding to the suspension a clay having 3R 2 stacking and optionally one or more drainage (dewatering) and retention aids; and (iii) dewatering the obtained suspension.
  • the invention further relates to a process for the production of a cellulosic product which comprises (i) providing an aqueous suspension containing cellulosic fibres; (ii) adding to the suspension cationic clay; (iii) adding to the suspension one or more drainage (dewatering) and retention aids comprising at least one cationic polymer; and (iv) dewatering the obtained suspension.
  • the cellulosic product produced is preferably pulp and/or paper.
  • the clay is used together with one or more drainage and retention aids comprising at least one cationic polymer.
  • the clay according to the invention can be derived from naturally occurring clays, chemically and/or physically modified naturally occurring clays, and synthetic clays.
  • Naturally occurring clays normally have an essentially crystalline structure.
  • synthetically obtained clays may also additionally contain amorphous material having essentially the same chemical composition as the crystalline structures. The amount of amorphous material present in synthetic clay depends mainly on the reaction parameters used.
  • Clays are characterised by a layered structure wherein atoms within the layers (lamellae) are cross-linked by chemical bonds, while the atoms of adjacent layers interact mainly by physical forces.
  • the layers of the clay may be non-charged or charged depending on the type of atoms present in the layers. If the layers are charged, then the space between these layers, also designated as the interlayer space, contains ions which have the opposite charge with respect to the charge of the layers.
  • anionic clay refers to clays having negatively charged layers and cations present in the interlayer space. Usually the ions in the interlayer space are exchangeable.
  • the clays according to the invention can virtually have any anion, optionally also water molecules, present in the interlayer space.
  • Examples of common anions that can be present in the interlayer space include NO 3 " , OH “ , CI “ , Br “ , I “ , CO 3 2” , SO 2” , SiO 3 2” , CrO 4 2” , BO 3 2” , MnO 4 " , HGaO 3 2” , HVO 4 " , and CIO 4 " , as well as pillaring or intercalating anions such as V 10 O 28 6" and MO 7 O 24 6” , mono-carboxylates like acetate, dicarboxylates such as oxalate, and alkyl sulphonates such as lauryl sulphonate; usually hydroxide and carbonate.
  • Naturally occurring clays of the invention commonly have carbonate anions in the interlayer space.
  • the layer or lamella of the clay suitably comprises at least two different metal atoms having different valences.
  • one metal atom is divalent and the other metal atom is suitably trivalent.
  • the layer may also comprise more than two metal atoms.
  • the charge of the layer is governed by the ratio of metal atoms having different valences. For instance, a higher amount of trivalent metals will render a layer having an increased density of the positive charge.
  • the clay of the invention comprises layers containing divalent and trivalent metals in a ratio so that the overall charge of the layers is cationic, and the interlayers comprise anions.
  • the layers essentially consist of divalent and trivalent metals in such a ratio that the overall charge of the layers is cationic.
  • m and n independently of each other, are integers having a value such that m/n is in the range of from 1 to 10, preferably 1 to 6, more preferably 2 to 4 and most preferably values around 3; b is an integer having a value in the range of from 0 to 10, suitably a value from 2 to 6, and often a value about 4;
  • X n/Z z is an anion where z is an integer from 1 to 10, preferably from 1 to 6, suitable X n / Z z" including NO 3 " , OH “ , CI “ , Br “ , I “ , CO 3 2” , SO 4 2” , SiO 3 2” , CrO 4 2” , BO 3 2” , MnO 4 " , HGaO 3 2” , HVO 4 " , CIO 4 “ , pillaring and intercalating anions such as V 10 O 28 6" and MO 7 O 24 6" , mono-carboxylates like acetate, dicarboxylate
  • the divalent metal is magnesium and the trivalent metal is aluminium, rendering the general formula:
  • the clay is cationic.
  • suitable cationic clays according to the invention include hydrotalcite, manasseite, pyroaurite, sj ⁇ grenite, stichtite, barbertonite, takovite, reevesite, desautelsite, motukoreaite, wasmlandite, meixnerite, coalingite, chloromagalumite, carrboydite, honessite, woodwardite, iowaite, hydrohonessite, mountkeithite, etc.
  • terms also used to describe these clays include hydrotalcite-like compounds and layered double hydroxide compounds.
  • the clay has a specific stacking, namely a 3R 2 stacking; this type of clay is herein also referred to as "3R 2 clay".
  • the 3R 2 clay is preferably cationic, and the clay can be any of those mentioned above.
  • the clay is magnesium-aluminium-containing 3R 2 clay.
  • the 3R 2 clay suitably has a three-layer repeat.
  • the 3R 2 stacking polytype of clay has a different layer arrangement/stacking than the 3R ⁇ stacking polytype, herein also referred to as "3R- ⁇ clay".
  • the 3Ri and 3R 2 clays can be distinguished from each other by X-ray diffraction / reflections patterns by the intensities of the 107 and 108 d h i reflections.
  • the 3R 2 clay has a stronger d h w 107 reflection close to 45° 2 theta (according to Drits and
  • the clay having 3R 2 stacking has a different morphology compared to that of conventional 3Ri clays, as can be detected by the SEM examinations.
  • the 3R 2 clay appears to have a structure with irregular flake-like platelets which are randomly agglomerated, whereas the conventional and prior art 3R ⁇ clays have regular well-formed layers of platelets which are arranged in the usual book-stack form.
  • Clays having 3R 2 stacking according to the invention can be prepared by hydrothermal treatment (solvo thermal) of a slurry containing an aluminium source and a magnesium source.
  • suitable clays having 3R 2 stacking e.g. Mg-AI clays, according to the invention and methods for their preparation include those disclosed in International Patent Application Publication No. WO 01/12550, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated herein by reference.
  • the clay having 3R 2 stacking is added to an aqueous suspension containing cellulosic fibres in a process for the production of a cellulosic product like pulp and paper.
  • the clay is suitably mixed with cellulosic fibres by being added to an aqueous suspension containing cellulosic fibres (herein also referred to as "aqueous cellulosic suspension” and “cellulosic suspension”) either as a slurry (suspension) or powder, which can be easily dispersed in water.
  • aqueous cellulosic suspension and “cellulosic suspension”
  • the suspension or powder of clay may further also contain other components such as, for example, dispersing and/or protecting agents, which can contribute to the overall effect of the clay.
  • Such agents can have non-ionic, anionic or cationic character.
  • Suitable protective agents or colloids include water-soluble cellulose derivatives, e.g. hydroxyethyl- and hydroxypropyl-, methylhydroxypropyl- and ethyl- hydroxyethyl-cellulose, methyl- and carboxymethylcellulose, gelatine, starch, guar gum, xanthan gum, polyvinyl alcohol, etc.
  • suitable dispersing agents include non- ionic agents, e.g.
  • ethoxytated fatty acids fatty acids, alkyl phenols or fatty acid amides, ethoxylated and non-ethoxylated glycerol esters, sorbitan esters of fatty acids, non-ionic surfactants, polyols and/or their derivatives; anionic agents, e.g. as alkyl or alkylaryl sulphates, sulphonates, ethersulphonates, polyacrylic acid; and cationic agent, e.g.
  • esterquats obtained by reacting alkanolamines with mixtures of fatty acids and dicarboxylic acids, optionally alkoxylating the resulting esters and quatemising the products, quatemised fatty acid amides, betaines, dimethyl dialkyl or dialkylaryl ammonium salts, and cationic gemini dispersing agents.
  • the clay can be added at any point in the cellulosic product production process starting from the point where wood chips are disintegrated up to the point in the process where dewatering of the cellulosic suspension takes place.
  • the cellulosic product can be in any form such as, for example, in the form of a web or sheet, e.g. pulp sheets and paper sheets.
  • the clay is added to a cellulosic suspension of a pulp making process.
  • the clay can be added prior to or after the pulping process which can be kraft, mechanical, thermo-mechanical, chemomechanical, chemo-thermo-mechanical pulping processes.
  • the clay can be added just before the pulping process or directly to the pulping process, such as to the digester.
  • it is preferred that the clay is added to the cellulosic suspension subsequent to chemical digestion such as after the brown stock washer, or after refining of (chemo-)mechanical pulp.
  • the cellulosic pulp is bleached in a multi stage bleaching process comprising different bleaching stages and the clay can be added to any bleaching sequence.
  • bleaching stages include chlorine bleaching stages, e.g. elementary chlorine and chlorine dioxide bleaching stages, non-chlorine bleaching stages, e.g. peroxide stages like ozone, hydrogen peroxide and peracetic acid, and combinations of chlorine and non- chlorine bleaching and oxidizing stages, optionally in combination with reducing stages like treatment with dithionite.
  • the clay can be added to the cellulosic suspension directly to a bleaching stage, preferably to the mixer prior to the bleaching tower, at any point between the bleaching and washing stages, and also to a washing stage where the clay may be partly or wholly removed, e.g. in the displacement section.
  • the clay is added to a cellulosic suspension of a paper making process.
  • the clay can be added to the cellulosic suspension at any point of the paper making process such as to the thick stock, thin stock, or to the white water before it is recycled, e.g. prior to the thin stock feed box.
  • the clay is added to the thick stock.
  • the cationic clay can also be added to more than one point of the pulp and/or paper making processes.
  • the clay can be added in the process for pulp production, and optionally also in the process for paper production, and one or more drainage and retention aids can be added in the process for paper production.
  • Such processes can include dewatering the cellulosic suspension containing clay, diluting the suspension obtained, adding to the diluted suspension one or more drainage and retention aids and dewatering the suspension containing the drainage and retention aids.
  • paper include not only paper and the production thereof, but also other cellulosic fibre-containing sheet or web-like products, such as for example board and paperboard, and the production thereof.
  • the process can be used in the production of paper from different types of aqueous suspensions of cellulosic
  • (cellulose-containing) fibres and the suspensions should suitably contain at least 25% by weight and preferably at least 50% by weight of such fibres, based on a dry substance.
  • the cellulosic fibres can be based on virgin and/or recycled fibres, and the suspension can be based on fibres from chemical pulp such as sulphate, sulphite and organosolve pulps, mechanical pulp such as thermo-mechanical pulp, chemo-thermo-mechanical pulp, refiner pulp and ground wood pulp, from both hardwood and softwood, and can also be based on recycled fibres, optionally from de-inked pulps, and mixtures thereof. If recycled fibres are used the suspended, recycled fibres are commonly treated in order to separate the non-fibre components such as, for example, printing inks and various paper surface treatment compounds, e.g. latex from the fibres. In a preferred embodiment, the clay is suitably added to such a de-inking treatment process.
  • the clay is suitably added to the cellulosic suspension in an amount of from about 0.01% by weight to about 5% by weight, preferably form about 0.05% by weight up to about 2% by weight, calculated as dry clay on a dry cellulosic suspension.
  • the present invention also relates to a process for the production of a cellulosic product, e.g. pulp and paper, which comprises adding to the suspension a clay having 3R 2 stacking and optionally one or more drainage (dewatering) and retention aids.
  • the drainage and retention aids comprise at least one cationic polymer.
  • the drainage and retention aid comprises a cationic polymer and an anionic material.
  • suitable anionic materials include anionic microparticulate materials, e.g. anionic inorganic and organic particles, and anionic organic polymers, e.g. anionic vinyl addition polymers such as anionic acrylamide-based polymers. It is preferred that the clay and drainage and retention aids are used in a process for the production of paper.
  • drainage and retention aid refers to a component (agent, additive) which, when being added to an aqueous cellulosic suspension, give better drainage and/or retention than is obtained when not adding said component.
  • cationic polymer refers to an organic polymer having one or more cationic groups, preferably an overall cationic charge. The cationic polymer may also contain anionic groups, and such polymers are commonly also referred to as amphoteric polymers.
  • the cationic polymer according to the invention can be derived from natural and synthetic sources.
  • suitable cationic polymers derived from natural sources include polysaccharides, e.g. starches, guar gums, celluloses, chitins, chitosans, glycans, galactans, glucans, xanthan gums, pectins, mannans, dextrins, preferably starches and guar gums.
  • suitable starches include potato, corn, wheat, tapioca, rice, waxy maize, barley, etc.
  • suitable synthetic, cationic polymers include chain-growth polymers, e.g.
  • the cationic polymer is selected from polysaccharides, e.g. starches, and vinyl addition polymers, e.g. acrylamide-based polymers, and mixtures thereof.
  • the cationic polymer may also comprise aromatic groups which can be present in the polymer backbone or, preferably, the aromatic groups can be a pendent group attached to or extending from the polymer backbone or be present in a pendent group that is attached to or extending from the polymer backbone (main-chain).
  • aromatic groups include aryl, aralkyl and alkaryl groups, e.g. phenyl, phenylene, naphthyl, phenylene, xylylene, benzyl and phenylethyl; nitrogen-containing aromatic (aryl) groups, e.g.
  • quaternary ammonium groups tertiary amino groups and acid addition salts thereof.
  • chain-growth polymer refers to a polymer obtained by chain-growth polymerisation, also being referred to as chain reaction polymer and chain reaction polymerisation, respectively.
  • suitable cationic chain-growth polymers include vinyl addition polymers prepared by polymerisation of one or more monomers having a vinyl group or ethylenically unsaturated bond, for example a polymer obtained by polymerising a cationic monomer or a monomer mixture comprising a cationic monomer.
  • suitable cationic monomers include diallyldialkylammonium halides, e.g.
  • diallyldimethylammonium chloride, acid addition salts and quaternary salts of dialkyl- aminoalkyl (meth)acrylate e.g. quaternary monomers obtained by treating dimethylamino- ethyl (meth)acrylate, diethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate and dimethylaminohydroxypropyl
  • dialkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylamides e.g. dimethylaminoethyl (meth)- acrylamide, diethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylamide, dimethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylamide, and diethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylamide, with acids, e.g. organic and inorganic acids, alkyl halides, e.g. methyl chloride, and aryl halides, e.g. benzyl chloride.
  • acids e.g. organic and inorganic acids
  • alkyl halides e.g. methyl chloride
  • aryl halides e.g. benzyl chloride
  • Preferred cationic monomers include dimethylaminoethylacrylate benzyl chloride quaternary salt and dimethyl- aminoethylmethacrylate benzyl chloride quaternary salt.
  • the cationic monomer can be co- polymerized with one or more non-ionic and/or anionic monomers.
  • Suitable copolymerizable non-ionic monomers include (meth)acrylamide; acrylamide-based monomers like N-alkyl (meth)acrylamides, N,N-dialkyl (meth)acrylamides and dialkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylamides, acrylate-based monomers like dialkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylates, and vinylamides.
  • Suitable copolymerizable anionic monomers include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and various sulphonated vinylic monomers such as styrenesulphonate.
  • Preferred copolymerizable monomers include acrylamide and methacrylamide, i.e. (meth)acrylamide, and the cationic or amphoteric organic polymer is preferably an acrylamide-based polymer.
  • the weight average molecular weight of the cationic polymer can vary within wide limits dependent on, inter alia, the type of polymer used, and usually it is at least about 5,000 and often at least 10,000. More often, it is above 150,000, normally above 500,000, suitably above about 700,000, preferably above about 1 ,000,000 and most preferably above about 2,000,000.
  • the upper limit is not critical; it can be about 200,000,000, usually 150,000,000 and suitably 100,000,000.
  • Anionic inorganic microparticulate materials that can be used according to the invention include anionic silica-based particles and anionic clays of the smectite type. It is preferred that the anionic inorganic particles are in the colloidal range of particle size.
  • Anionic silica-based particles i.e. particles based on SiO 2 or silicic acid, are preferably used and such particles are usually supplied in the form of aqueous colloidal dispersions, so-called sols.
  • suitable silica-based particles include colloidal silica and different types of polysilicic acid, either homo- or co-polymerised.
  • the silica-based sols can be modified and contain other elements, e.g.
  • silica-based particles of this type include colloidal aluminium-modified silica and aluminium silicates. Mixtures of such suitable silica-based particles can also be used. Drainage and retention aids comprising suitable anionic silica- based particles include those disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos.
  • Anionic silica-based particles suitably have an average particle size below about
  • the particle size refers to the average size of the primary particles, which may be aggregated or non-aggregated.
  • the specific surface area of the silica-based particles is suitably above 50 m 2 /g and preferably above 100 m 2 /g. Generally, the specific surface area can be up to about 1700 m 2 /g and preferably up to
  • the given area thus represents the average specific surface area of the particles.
  • the anionic silica-based particles have specific surface area within the range of from 50 to 1000 m 2 /g, preferably from 100 to 950 m /g.
  • Sols of silica-based particles of these types also encompass modifications, for example with any of the elements mentioned above.
  • the silica-based particles are present in a sol having an S-value in the range of from 8 to 50%, preferably from 10 to 40%, containing silica-based particles with a specific surface area in the range of from 300 to 1000 m /g, suitably from 500 to 950 m 2 /g, and preferably from 750 to 950 m 2 /g, which sols can be modified as mentioned above.
  • the S-value can be measured and calculated as described by Her & Dalton in J. Phys. Chem. 60(1956), 955-957.
  • the S-value indicates the degree of aggregation or microgel formation and a lower S-value is indicative of a higher degree of aggregation.
  • the silica-based particles are selected from polysilicic acid, either homo- or co-polymerised, having a high specific surface area, suitably above about 1000 m 2 /g.
  • the specific surface area can be within the range of from 1000 to 1700 m 2 /g and preferably from 1050 to 1600 m 2 /g.
  • the sols of modified or co-polymerised polysilicic acid can contain other elements as mentioned above.
  • polysilicic acid is also referred to as polymeric silicic acid, polysilicic acid microgel, polysilicate and polysilicate microgel, which all are encompassed by the term polysilicic acid used herein.
  • Aluminium-containing compounds of this type are commonly also referred to as polyaluminosilicate and polyaluminosilicate microgel, which are both, encompassed by the terms colloidal aluminium-modified silica and aluminium silicate used herein.
  • the drainage and retention aid comprise anionic clay of the smectite type.
  • suitable smectite clays include natural clays such as montmorillonite/bentonite, hectorite, beidelite, nontronite and saponite, as well as synthetic smectite-like clays such as laponite, etc., preferably bentonite and especially such bentonite which after swelling preferably has a surface area of from 200 to 800 m 2 /g.
  • Suitable anionic clays include those disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,753,710; 5,071,512; and 5,607,552, which are hereby incorporated herein by reference. Also mixtures of anionic silica-based particles and anionic clays of the smectite type can be employed.
  • Anionic organic polymers according to the invention contain one or more negatively charged (anionic) groups.
  • groups that can be present in the polymer as well as in the monomers used for preparing the polymer include groups carrying an anionic charge and acid groups carrying an anionic charge when dissolved or dispersed in water, the groups herein collectively being referred to as anionic groups, such as phosphate, phosphonate, sulphate, sulphonic acid, sulphonate, carboxylic acid, carboxylate, alkoxide and phenolic groups, i.e. hydroxy-substituted phenyls and naphthyls.
  • Groups carrying an anionic charge are usually salts of an alkali metal, alkaline earth or ammonia.
  • Anionic organic particles that can be used according to the invention include cross- linked anionic vinyl addition polymers, suitably copolymers comprising an anionic monomer like acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and sulfonated or phosphonated vinyl addition monomers, usually copolymerised with non-ionic monomers like (meth)acrylamide, alkyl (meth)- acrylates, etc.
  • Useful anionic organic particles also include anionic condensation polymers, e.g. melamine-sulfonic acid sols.
  • anionic polymers that can form part of the drainage and retention system include anionic step-growth polymers, chain-growth polymers, polysaccharides, naturally occurring aromatic polymers and modifications thereof.
  • step-growth polymer refers to a polymer obtained by step-growth polymerisation, also being referred to as step-reaction polymer and step-reaction polymerisation, respectively.
  • the anionic organic polymers can be linear, branched or cross-linked.
  • the anionic polymer is water-soluble or water-dispersable.
  • the anionic organic polymer also contains one or more aromatic groups.
  • the aromatic group of the anionic polymer can be present in the polymer backbone or in a substituent group that is attached to the polymer backbone (main chain).
  • suitable aromatic groups include aryl, aralkyl and alkaryl groups and derivatives thereof, e.g. phenyl, tolyl, naphthyl, phenylene, xylylene, benzyl, phenylethyl and derivatives of these groups.
  • anionic chain-growth polymers examples include vinyl addition polymers comprising an anionic monomer having carboxylate groups like acrylic acid, methacrylic acid ethylacrylic acid, crotonic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid and salts of any of the foregoing, anhydrides of the diacids, and sulfonated vinyl addition monomers, such as sulfonated styrene, usually copolymerised with non-ionic monomers like acrylamide, alkyl acrylates, etc., for example those disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,098,520 and 5,185,062, the teachings of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference.
  • anionic aromatic step-growth polymers examples include condensation polymers, i.e. polymers obtained by step-growth condensation polymerisation, e.g. anionic polyurethanes and condensates of an aldehyde such as formaldehyde with one or more
  • anionic step-growth polymers include anionic benzene-based and naphthalene-based condensation polymers, preferably naphthalene-sulphonic acid based and naphthalene-sulphonate based condensation polymers.
  • anionic polysaccharides include starches, guar gums, celluloses, chitins, chitosans, glycans, galactans, glucans, xanthan gums, pectins, annans, dextrins, preferably starches, guar gums and cellulose derivatives, suitable starches including potato, corn, wheat, tapioca, rice, waxy maize and barley, preferably potato.
  • anionic organic polymers examples include those described in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,070,236 and 5,755,930; and International Patent Application Publication Nos. WO 95/21295, WO 95/21296, WO 99/67310, WO 00/49227 and WO 02/12626, which are hereby incorporated herein by reference.
  • the weight average molecular weight of the anionic polymer having aromatic groups can vary within wide limits dependent on, inter alia, the type of polymer used, and usually it is at least about 500, suitably above about 2,000 and preferably above about 5,000.
  • the upper limit is not critical; it can be about 200,000,000, usually about 150,000,000, suitably about 100,000,000 and preferably about 10,000,000.
  • the drainage and retention aid can also comprise low molecular weight, highly cationically charged, organic polymers and/or inorganic aluminium compounds.
  • the drainage and retention aid comprises a cationic polymer and an anionic inorganic microparticulate material, suitably anionic silica-based particles or anionic clay of the smectite type.
  • the drainage and retention aid comprises a cationic polymer and an anionic vinyl addition polymer, suitably an anionic acrylamide-based polymer.
  • the drainage and retention aid comprises a cationic polymer comprising aromatic groups.
  • the drainage and retention aid comprises a cationic polymer comprising aromatic groups and an anionic polymer comprising aromatic groups.
  • the components of drainage and retention aids can be added to the cellulosic suspension in conventional manner and in any order.
  • anionic microparticulate material it is preferred to add the cationic polymer to the suspension before adding the microparticulate material, even if the opposite order of addition may be used.
  • a shear stage which can be selected from pumping, mixing, cleaning, etc.
  • anionic compound after that shear stage.
  • a shear stage which can be selected from pumping, mixing, cleaning, etc.
  • such components are preferably introduced into the suspension prior to introducing the cationic polymer and anionic component, if used.
  • the LMW cationic organic polymer and cationic polymer can be introduced into the suspension essentially simultaneously, either separately or in admixture, e.g. as disclosed in U.S. Patent No.
  • the clay according to the invention is used together with a drainage and retention aid, the clay can be added to the suspension prior to or after the addition of the drainage and retention aid. However, it is preferred that the cationic clay is added prior to the addition of drainage and retention aid and other performance chemicals. Suitably, the clay is added to the thick stock, or to the thin stock, and the drainage and retention aid is added to the thin stock. The clay can also be added to the re-cycled white water. If two or more drainage and retention aids are used, i.e. a cationic polymer together with an anionic material, e.g.
  • the clay may be added to the cellulosic suspension (stock) prior to, after or in between the addition of the drainage and retention aids, or together with any of the drainage and retention aids.
  • the clay may also be added at several locations in the process, e.g. to the thick stock and again to the thin stock prior to the addition of drainage and retention aid.
  • the drainage and retention aid(s) according to the invention can be added to the stock to be dewatered in amounts which can vary within wide limits depending on, inter alia, type and number of components, type of cellulosic suspension, salt content, type of salts, filler content, type of filler, point of addition, degree of white water closure, etc.
  • the retention and drainage aid(s) are added in amounts that give better drainage and/or retention than is obtained when not adding the components.
  • the cationic polymer is usually added in an amount of at least about 0.001% by weight, often at least about 0.005% by weight, based on dry cellulosic suspension, and the upper limit is usually about 3% and suitably about 1.5% by weight.
  • cationic polymer Commonly applied addition amounts of cationic polymer are from about 0.01% up to about 0.5% by weight.
  • Anionic materials e.g. anionic silica-based particles, anionic clays of the smectite type and anionic organic polymers, are usually added in an amount of at least about 0.001% by weight, often at least about 0.005% by weight, based on dry cellulosic suspension, and the upper limit is usually about 1.0% and suitably about 0.6% by weight.
  • an LMW cationic organic polymers in the process can be added in an amount of at least about 0.001% by weight, based on dry cellulosic suspension.
  • the amount is in the range of from about 0.07 up to about 0.5%, preferably in the range from about 0.1 up to about 0.35%.
  • the total amount introduced into the stock to be dewatered depends on the type of aluminium compound used and on other effects desired from it. It is for instance well known in the art to utilize aluminium compounds as precipitants for rosin-based sizing agents.
  • the total amount added is usually at least about 0.05% by weight, calculated as AI 2 O 3 and based on dry cellulosic suspension.
  • the amount is in the range of from about 0.5 u to about 3.0%, preferably in the range from about 0.1 up to about 2.0%.
  • additives which are conventional in papermaking can of course be used in combination with the additive(s) according to the invention, such as, for example, dry strength agents, wet strength agents, optical brightening agents, dyes, sizing agents like rosin-based sizing agents and cellulose-reactive sizing agents, e.g. ketene dimers and succinic anhydrides, etc.
  • the cellulosic suspension, or stock can also contain mineral fillers of conventional types such as, for example, kaolin, china clay, titanium dioxide, gypsum, talc and natural and synthetic calcium carbonates such as chalk, ground marble and precipitated calcium carbonate.
  • the process can also be useful in the manufacture of paper from cellulosic suspensions having high conductivity.
  • the conductivity of the suspension that is dewatered on the wire is usually at least 1.0 mS/cm, suitably at least 2.0 mS/cm, and preferably at least 3.5 mS/cm.
  • Conductivity can be measured by standard equipment such as, for example, a WTW LF 539 instrument supplied by Christian Berner.
  • the values referred to above are suitably determined by measuring the conductivity of the cellulosic suspension that is fed into or present in the head box of the paper machine or, alternatively, by measuring the conductivity of white water obtained by dewatering the suspension.
  • the present invention further encompasses paper making processes where white water is extensively recycled, or recirculated, i.e. with a high degree of white water closure, for example where from 0 to 30 tons of fresh water are used per ton of dry paper produced, usually less than 20, suitably less than 15, preferably less than 10 and notably less than 5 tons of fresh water per ton of paper.
  • Example 1 The invention is further illustrated in the following Examples which, however, are not intended to limit the same. Parts and % relate to parts by weight and % by weight, respectively, unless otherwise stated.
  • Example 1 Parts and % relate to parts by weight and % by weight, respectively, unless otherwise stated.
  • Al-Mg clay having the 3R 2 stacking (CC-14, Akzo Nobel Catalyst B.V.) was compared to a commercial talc (Finntalc P05 from Omya) in terms of pitch adsorption.
  • samples of synthetic pitch were prepared by adding potassium hydroxide (1 M) to a mixture of 0.65 g of gum rosin and 0.35 g of oleic acid until saponification resulted.
  • Pitch adsorption test procedure 35 ml of distilled water was first added to a glass centrifuge tube followed by the addition of 1 ml of the synthetic pitch solution and 10 ml of clay having the 3R 2 stacking (2.5 % dry content). The pH of the synthetic pitch slurry was adjusted to 6.5 with sulphuric acid. The mixture was subsequently stirred for 2 minutes and centrifuged for 20 minutes at 4500 rpm. The supernatant was thereafter poured off and discarded and the tube was dried over night at 60°C. After drying, the 10 ml of a chloroform-acetic anhydride (1:1) reagent was added to the tube and stirred to release the adsorbed pitch.
  • the tube was then centrifuged for 20 minutes effecting that the clear reagent remained at the top of the tube.
  • the reagent was thereafter poured into a small beaker and 10 drops of cone, sulphuric acid were added. After a period of 4 minutes the liquid was measured on an UV-vis spectrophotometer set at 400 nm whereby the absorbance value was compared to absorbance values of known quantities of pitch. Similar test was also performed for the sample of Finntalc P05.
  • the clay having the 3R 2 stacking has a significantly improved adsorption capability as compared to talc.
  • Example 2 the clay having the 3R 2 stacking has a significantly improved adsorption capability as compared to talc.
  • the clay with 3R 2 stacking adsorbed abietic acid and the gum rosin as well as the oleic acid mixture to a significantly higher degree than the cationic clay having the 3R ⁇ stacking.
  • Example 3 The adsorption of stickies (hot-melts) of an Al-Mg cationic clay having the 3R 2 stacking (CC-14, Akzo Nobel Catalyst B.V.) was compared to talc (Finntalc P05, Omya) using the TOC instrument (Dohrman DC190).
  • the TOC Total Organic Carbon
  • Example 4 Drainage performance by incorporation of the clay having the 3R 2 stacking in a dewatering and retention aid was evaluated by means of a Dynamic Drainage Analyser (DDA), available from Akribi Kemikonsulter AB, Sweden, which measures the time for draining a set volume of stock through a wire when removing a plug and applying vacuum (0.35 bar) to that side of the wire which is opposite to the side on which the stock is present.
  • First pass retention was evaluated by means of a nephelometer by measuring the turbidity of the filtrate, the white water, obtained by draining the suspension.
  • DDA Dynamic Drainage Analyser
  • the furnish used was based on a de-inking pulp from a newspaper mill having consistency of 30 g/liter, conductivity of around 1500 ⁇ S/cm and the pH of 7.
  • Sample of an Al-Mg cationic clay having the 3R 2 stacking (CC-9, Akzo Nobel Catalyst B.V.) was added to the pulp suspension.
  • the furnish was then mixed with a magnetic stirrer and the dwell/contact time of the stock and cationic clay was from 30 min. up to 1 hour. Thereafter the furnish was diluted with water (approx. 1:10) before making the DDA test.
  • the stock/furnish samples were put into the baffled DDA-jar at time 0.
  • the retention/dewatering chemicals were added in the following order: i) after 15 seconds 0.8 kg/ton of dry pulp of polyacrylamide (Eka PL 1510), ii) after another 15 seconds (30 seconds from the start) 0.4 kg/ton of dry pulp of anionic silica-based particles (Eka NP 780), iii) after another 15 seconds draining of the suspension while automatically recording the drainage time.
  • Table 5 clearly shows that the addition of CC-9 to the suspension reduces the drainage time and that the filtrate contains less pitch as the CC-9 is added to the suspension.
  • Example 5 In this example an Al-Mg cationic clay having the 3Ri stacking (CC-12) was compared to an Al-Mg cationic clay having the 3R 2 stacking (CC-18) with respect to drainage. The same furnish and procedure as described in Example 4 was used. Table 6 summarized the results.
  • Example 6 The drainage enhancing effect of the Al-Mg cationic clay having the 3R 2 stacking (CC-22) was here evaluated. The same furnish and procedure as described in example 4 was used, except that different drainage and retention aids were used. In this example, 0.4 kg/ton of dry pulp of Percol 63 (a cationic polyacrylamide from CIBA) and 2 kg/ton of dry pulp of Hydrocol SW (bentonite clay of the smectite type from CIBA) were added in a similar manner. Table 7
  • Table 7 demonstrates that the performance of a dewatering and retention aid comprising addition of cationic PAM and bentonite clay to a suspension is improved by the addition of an Al-Mg cationic clay of the 3R 2 type.
  • Pressure-Sensitive Adhesives stickies of an Al-Mg cationic clay having the 3R 2 stacking was evaluated and compared with talc (Finntalc P05, Omya).
  • Pressure-Sensitive Adhesives stickies are found in office waste furnishes as labels, tapes, self-sealing envelopes and Post-it ® notes.
  • the furnish used was a thick-stock from a LPB mill, containing bleached soft- and hardwood pulp. This furnish was stirred and heated to 50°C. The chemicals were added and the furnish was treated for 30 minutes. The thick stock was then diluted with tap water to a consistency of 5 g/L. This furnish had a pH of 8 and a conductivity of 0.7 mS/cm. Before sheet making, 0.3 kg/ton of dry pulp of AKD (Keydime C223, Eka Chemicals), 8 kg/ton of dry pulp of cationic starch (Perlbond 970) and 0.5 kg/ton of dry pulp of silica-based particles (Eka NP 590, Eka Chemicals) were added. The sheets had a basis weight of approximately 73 g/m 2 . Table 9 shows the sizing results obtained by addition of different amounts of talc and CC-22 to the liquid packaging board furnish. Table 9
  • the sizing performance improved when CC-22 was used over talc.
  • Table 10 shows that the sizing performance was improved (lower Cobb 60 values) using CC-22 compared to talc.
  • This example was made in a pulp mill. Chemical pulp from the dewatering headbox of the pulp machine was treated with an Al-Mg cationic clay having the 3R 2 stacking (CC-22, Akzo Nobel Catalyst B.V.). The turbidity of the pulp filtrate was then measured, see table 11.
  • the pulp used was a bleached eucalyptus fibre suspension at ⁇ 1.2% consistency. This pulp was stirred and heated at 60°C. The cationic clay was added and the pulp was treated for 30 minutes. The pulp was then filtrated through a Britt-Jar with a
  • the turbidity of the filtrate improved (decreased) when treating a chemical pulp with CC-22.
  • TMP Thermomechanical pulp
  • Thermomechanical pulp (TMP) was dewatered or washed after hydrogen peroxide bleaching.
  • the filtrate is often referred to as bleach filtrate.
  • TMP bleach filtrate water was stirred and heated at 50°C.
  • the TMP bleach filtrate water was treated for 30 minutes with an Al-Mg cationic clay having the 3R 2 stacking (CC-22, Akzo Nobel Catalyst B.V.). This water was centrifuged and the clear phase was measured for turbidity by being analysed for absorption in a Lasa 10 spectrophotometer at 700 nm wavelength. Table 12 shows the results.
  • Example 12 This example was made in a de-inked pulp (DIP) mill. Pulp from the DIP plant was treated with an Al-Mg cationic clay having the 3R 2 stacking (CC-22, Akzo Nobel Catalyst B.V.). The turbidity of the pulp filtrate was then measured, see table 13.
  • DIP de-inked pulp
  • the pulp used was a taken from between the disc filter and the screw press in the DIP plant.
  • the pulp had a consistency of ⁇ 7%, and was diluted with tap water to ⁇ 4.2% .
  • This pulp was stirred and heated at 50°C.
  • the clay was added and the pulp was treated for 30 minutes.
  • the pulp was then filtrated through a GF/A glass fibre filter ( ⁇ 2 ⁇ m hole diameters). The filtrate was analysed for turbidity in a Hach 21 OOP turbidity meter. Table 13 shows the results.
  • the turbidity of the filtrate improved (decreased) when mixing de-inked pulp with CC-22 before filtering.
  • Pulp from a de-inked pulp (DIP) mill was treated with an Al-Mg cationic clay having the 3R 2 stacking (CC-22, Akzo Nobel Catalyst B.V.) in a manner similar to Example 12.
  • the turbidity of the pulp filtrate was then measured and is summarized in Table 14.
  • the turbidity of the filtrate improves (decreases) when treating a de-inked pulp by adding CC-22 to it before filtering.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé permettant de fabriquer un produit cellulosique, lequel procédé consiste (i) à utiliser une suspension aqueuse contenant des fibres cellulosiques et, éventuellement, un agent de remplissage; (ii) à ajouter à la suspension une argile présentant un empilement 3R2; et (iii) à déshydrater la suspension obtenue. La présente invention concerne également un procédé permettant de fabriquer un produit cellulosique, lequel procédé consiste (i) à utiliser une suspension aqueuse contenant des fibres cellulosiques et, éventuellement, un agent de remplissage; (ii) à ajouter à la suspension une argile cationique; (iii) à ajouter à la suspension un ou plusieurs adjuvants de drainage et de rétention, parmi lesquels au moins un polymère cationique; et (iv) à déshydrater la suspension ainsi obtenue. Cette invention concerne également un produit cellulosique comprenant une argile présentant un empilement 3R2.
EP03811566A 2002-11-19 2003-11-07 Produit cellulosique et procede de fabrication correspondant Withdrawn EP1581697A1 (fr)

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WO2005111306A1 (fr) * 2004-05-18 2005-11-24 Akzo Nobel N.V. Carton contenant de l'hydrotalcite
US20060000570A1 (en) * 2004-07-02 2006-01-05 Zhiqiang Song Amphoteric cationic polymers for controlling deposition of pitch and stickies in papermaking
WO2006088865A1 (fr) * 2005-02-15 2006-08-24 Georgia Tech Research Corporation Procede pour ameliorer la consolidation et la deshydratation de materiau particulaire
GB0702249D0 (en) * 2007-02-05 2007-03-14 Ciba Sc Holding Ag Manufacture of paper or paperboard
GB0702248D0 (en) * 2007-02-05 2007-03-14 Ciba Sc Holding Ag Manufacture of Filled Paper
SE531688C2 (sv) * 2007-11-22 2009-07-07 Bim Kemi Ab Avsättningskontroll i ett papperstillverkningssystem
CN101545231B (zh) * 2009-05-07 2011-11-16 金东纸业（江苏）股份有限公司 功能化纸浆及其制备方法和应用
WO2011113119A1 (fr) 2010-03-19 2011-09-22 Fibria Celulose S/A Procédé pour le traitement de pâtes de cellulose, pâte de cellulose ainsi obtenue et utilisation de biopolymère pour le traitement de pâtes de cellulose
EP2402503A1 (fr) 2010-06-30 2012-01-04 Akzo Nobel Chemicals International B.V. Procédé de production d'un produit cellulosique
KR102569807B1 (ko) * 2013-10-18 2023-08-22 퀸스랜드 유니버시티 오브 테크놀로지 리그닌 기반의 방수 코팅
CN110105531A (zh) * 2019-05-16 2019-08-09 浙江恒川新材料有限公司 一种纸张用抗菌涂层的制备方法
JP7356308B2 (ja) * 2019-09-20 2023-10-04 日本製紙株式会社 複合繊維およびその製造方法

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SE451739B (sv) * 1985-04-03 1987-10-26 Eka Nobel Ab Papperstillverkningsforfarande och pappersprodukt varvid som avvattnings- och retentionsforbettrande kemikalie anvends katjonisk polyakrylamid och en speciell oorganisk kolloid
US4927465A (en) * 1987-10-19 1990-05-22 J. M. Huber Corporation Kaolin clays for pitch control
WO1989003863A1 (fr) * 1987-10-19 1989-05-05 J.M. Huber Corporation Argiles cationiques et leur utilisation dans le papier et les peintures
NZ227526A (en) * 1988-01-07 1990-04-26 Cyprus Ind Minerals Co Reduction of pitch in papermaking furnish by addition of particle composites comprising soluble cationic polymer adsorbed on insoluble particles
US5534057A (en) * 1995-01-13 1996-07-09 J. M. Huber Corporation Process for treating kaolin clays for pitch control and the treated clays
US6113741A (en) * 1996-12-06 2000-09-05 Eka Chemicals Ab Process for the production of paper
EP0953680A1 (fr) * 1998-04-27 1999-11-03 Akzo Nobel N.V. Procédé pour la fabrication du papier
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KR20050083897A (ko) 2005-08-26
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TWI263719B (en) 2006-10-11
NO20052997L (no) 2005-08-19
JP2006506549A (ja) 2006-02-23
RU2005119148A (ru) 2006-03-10
MY158094A (en) 2016-08-30
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CA2506550A1 (fr) 2004-06-03
NO20052997D0 (no) 2005-06-17
NZ539997A (en) 2007-11-30
BR0316393A (pt) 2005-09-27
TW200420807A (en) 2004-10-16
AU2003276798A1 (en) 2004-06-15

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