EP1577036B1 - Metering device for a melt - Google Patents

Metering device for a melt Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1577036B1
EP1577036B1 EP05001947A EP05001947A EP1577036B1 EP 1577036 B1 EP1577036 B1 EP 1577036B1 EP 05001947 A EP05001947 A EP 05001947A EP 05001947 A EP05001947 A EP 05001947A EP 1577036 B1 EP1577036 B1 EP 1577036B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
metering
opening
metering device
melt
chamber
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EP05001947A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1577036A1 (en
Inventor
Tödtmann Rolf
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PENOX GmbH
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PENOX GmbH
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Priority to SI200530877T priority Critical patent/SI1577036T1/en
Priority to PL05001947T priority patent/PL1577036T3/en
Publication of EP1577036A1 publication Critical patent/EP1577036A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1577036B1 publication Critical patent/EP1577036B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D15/00—Casting using a mould or core of which a part significant to the process is of high thermal conductivity, e.g. chill casting; Moulds or accessories specially adapted therefor
    • B22D15/02—Casting using a mould or core of which a part significant to the process is of high thermal conductivity, e.g. chill casting; Moulds or accessories specially adapted therefor of cylinders, pistons, bearing shells or like thin-walled objects
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/14—Closures
    • B22D41/16—Closures stopper-rod type, i.e. a stopper-rod being positioned downwardly through the vessel and the metal therein, for selective registry with the pouring opening

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a metering device according to the preamble of claim 1 for a melt, in particular for a molten metal.
  • a metering device of the type mentioned in the introduction is used, for example, in the production of metal oxides in order to be able to specify the amount of molten metal that is to be supplied to the oxidation process as accurately as possible.
  • the metering device is for this purpose equipped with a metering chamber, which is either arranged separately from the melting device for the metal and connected by a line with this or is provided directly on the melting device.
  • the metering chamber may also be designed to be heated.
  • the metering opening provided on the metering chamber can be released or closed in order to regulate the amount of melt to be dispensed in this way.
  • the metering device Since the metering of the melt must be carried out at the melting temperature, there is the problem, in particular with materials that tend to oxidation, that the metering opening during operation by oxides slowly added, so that proper dosing difficult or possibly impossible. In the previously used metering devices, the metering device must be switched off when the metering orifice is added. After cooling the metering device, the metering element and the metering opening can then be cleaned.
  • Devices for cleaning a dosing are, for example, from EP 0 109 348 A and the US 4,073,414 known.
  • EP 0 109 348 A discloses a stuffing box assembly on casting furnaces having a stopper rod with a piston adapted to and axially and rotationally movable within a pouring hole opening.
  • the axial movement of the piston or the stopper rod primarily enables the release or the closure of the pouring hole opening for metering the melt during the casting process.
  • US 4,073,414 discloses a device for metering a molten metal with a metering rod or locking rod, which is movable from an open position to a closed position axially with respect to a metering opening.
  • the locking rod is additionally rotatable.
  • a disadvantage of the known metering devices that a cleaning of the metering and the metering is possible only when the metering device is switched off, whereby the current production process must be interrupted.
  • the invention solves the problem by a metering device with the features of claim 1.
  • the metering element serves not only for closing the metering opening, but at the same time as a means for cleaning the metering opening during operation of the metering device.
  • the metering element can be moved axially back and forth.
  • the dosing element can also be rotated about its introduction direction, whereby additionally a rotary relative movement of the dosing element to the dosing opening is achieved.
  • an axially adjustable dispensing needle is used, which is simultaneously rotatably drive in addition to the axial adjustability about its longitudinal axis.
  • the dispensing needle is inserted into the metering opening.
  • the metering device it is proposed to manufacture at least the free end of the metering element to be introduced into the metering opening from a heat-resistant and at the same time hardened material.
  • the free end is hardened for this purpose either by suitable hardening and heat treatment steps.
  • the metering opening is formed on an insert, which is preferably releasably attached to the metering chamber.
  • the insert provided with the metering can be formed of a particularly resistant material, so that in particular the opening portion of the metering, which is exposed by opening and closing on the one hand and by cleaning on the other hand very high mechanical loads, a comparatively long service life , If the insert is releasably attached to the metering chamber, it can be removed without much effort and replaced by another insert.
  • the metering orifice preferably has an inlet funnel which has a conically tapered funnel section in the outflow direction of the melt, which preferably merges into a channel of constant cross section, whereby a continuous melt stream from the metering opening can be ensured.
  • inlet funnel which has a conically tapered funnel section in the outflow direction of the melt, which preferably merges into a channel of constant cross section, whereby a continuous melt stream from the metering opening can be ensured.
  • the actuator with which the metering element can be adjusted both axially and rotationally, is preferably equipped with a single drive unit.
  • a single drive unit is used as the drive unit, which is coupled to the metering element for transmitting the adjusting movement.
  • an actuator which has a first drive unit for axial adjustment of the metering element and a second drive unit for rotational adjustment of the metering element. This is particularly advantageous if an already existing system with a drive unit for axial adjustment of the dosing is to be retrofitted with a drive unit for rotatably adjusting the dosing.
  • the axial and rotary adjustment of the metering element can optionally take place simultaneously.
  • the metering optionally axial or rotatory to adjust.
  • these two operating modes are realized simultaneously, so that the user can adjust the dosing either simultaneously axially and rotationally or only axially and only rotationally.
  • the simultaneous axial and rotational adjustment of the metering element has the advantage that the cleaning of the metering and the metering can also be done during normal operation of the metering device.
  • a gimbal is provided in a particularly preferred embodiment of the metering device according to the invention between the metering and the actuator, which couples the metering with the actuator. With the help of the gimbal suspension, an axial offset between the metering and the axes of movement of the actuator can be compensated.
  • the actuator is arranged outside the metering chamber, wherein the metering element is a metering needle, which protrudes through the metering chamber and axially inserted into the metering or can be pulled out of this.
  • the metering needle is mounted displaceably and rotatably in a holding opening formed on the wall of the metering chamber. In this way, a very defined positioning of the dispensing needle is achieved relative to the metering.
  • the metering chamber is preferably connected by a heated supply line to the melting device. This is particularly advantageous when several metering chambers are used, which are connected to a common melting device.
  • the metering device described above is preferably used for metering a molten metal.
  • the metering device according to the invention is suitable for metering molten lead during lead oxide production.
  • a dosing device 10 according to the invention is shown in a schematic representation.
  • the metering device 10 is used in the present case for the metered delivery of a lead melt for Bleioxidher too.
  • the metering device 10 has a heated metering chamber 12 which is made of a refractory material or at least lined with a refractory material.
  • the dosing chamber 12 is connected via a likewise heated supply line 14 with a melting device, not shown in combination, in which the lead is melted for the dosing.
  • an opening 16 is formed, in which an insert 18 is releasably held.
  • the insert 18 is secured to the dosing chamber 12 by a union nut, not shown.
  • metering opening 20 In the cylindrical insert 18 a extending along its axis of symmetry metering opening 20 is formed, which has an inlet funnel 22, with which the metering opening 20 is connected to the interior of the metering chamber 12.
  • the inlet funnel 22 has a funnel section 24 conically tapering in the outflow direction of the melt, which merges into a channel 26 with a round and constant cross section.
  • a holding opening 26 is formed, in which a guide bushing 30 is held.
  • the holding opening 28 is so relative to the opening 16 or so relative to the metering 20 arranged so that the axis of symmetry of the guide bush 30 to the symmetry axis of the metering opening 20 is at least approximately aligned.
  • a dosing 32 longitudinally displaceable and rotationally guided as dosing, the structure of which reference is made below Fig. 2 is explained in more detail.
  • the dispensing needle 32 has a needle body 34 made of a heat-resistant steel.
  • the free end of the needle body 34 made of a heat-resistant and simultaneously hardened steel cutting punch 36 is fixed by welding or gluing.
  • Spaced to the free end of the cutting punch 36 at the immediately adjacent front portion of the needle body 34 are three radially outwardly projecting, uniformly spaced apart, identical scrapers 38 attached, which extend in the longitudinal direction L of the dispensing needle 32.
  • the cutting edge 36 facing the front edges 40 of each scraper 38 are viewed in the longitudinal direction L of the needle body 34 inclined and extend at an angle of about 30 ° to the longitudinal direction L of the needle body 34.
  • the course of the front edges 40 of the scraper 38 is angularly to the Adjusted course of the funnel section 34, as will be explained later.
  • an external thread 42 is formed at the other end of the needle body 34, which in Fig. 2 As shown above, an external thread 42 is formed.
  • the dispensing needle 32 is mounted with its needle body 34 in the guide bush 30 axially and rotationally, wherein the external thread 42 is screwed into an extension 43 which is connected to a gimbal 44 of an actuator 46.
  • the actuator 46 is provided with a pneumatically actuated linear rotary cylinder 48 which is capable of selectively adjusting the metering needle 32 axially or rotationally.
  • the dispensing needle 32 protrudes through the metering chamber 12 and is held with its cutting punch 36 to the metering 20 so that when lowering the dispensing needle 32 of the cutting punch 36 can be inserted into the channel 26, whereby the metering 20 is closed while simultaneously the front edges 40 of the scrapers 38 abut the funnel section 24 of the inlet funnel 22.
  • the dispensing needle 32 If, in contrast, the dispensing needle 32 is moved upwardly into its release position, it releases the channel 26 completely, so that lead melts contained in the metering chamber 12 can be metered out of the metering opening 20 to the outside for further processing.
  • the metering device 10 now offers the possibility of cleaning the metering opening 20 and the cutting punch 36 of the metering needle 32 by means of the axial and rotary adjustment of the metering needle 32 and by the interaction of the scrapers 38 with the surface of the hopper section 24.
  • the deposits can be achieved by turning the dispensing needle 32.
  • adhering deposits are safely removed in the channel 26 and at the same time the inlet funnel 22 are cleaned.
  • the dispensing needle 32 is moved to its closed position, in which it rests with its scrapers 38 on the surface of the funnel section 24.
  • the dispensing needle 32 is set in slow rotation with slight axial prestressing of the dispensing needle 32 in the direction of the dispensing opening 20, the scrapers 38 cleaning the surface of the funnel section 24.
  • the loosening deposits are discharged from the melt from the metering chamber 12 as soon as the metering opening 20 is opened again.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
  • Confectionery (AREA)
  • Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)
  • Optical Head (AREA)
  • Medical Preparation Storing Or Oral Administration Devices (AREA)
  • Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

A metal melt metering device with a metering chamber containing the melt, a metering element, for closing and opening metering hole, an actuator for adjusting the metering element between closing points and a release position, where the metering element for opening and closing metering opening can be introduced axially at least partially through the opening.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Dosiervorrichtung nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 für eine Schmelze, insbesondere für eine Metallschmelze.The invention relates to a metering device according to the preamble of claim 1 for a melt, in particular for a molten metal.

Eine Dosiervorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art kommt beispielsweise bei der Herstellung von Metalloxiden zum Einsatz, um die Menge an Metallschmelze möglichst exakt vorgeben zu können, die dem Oxidierungsprozess zugeführt werden soll.A metering device of the type mentioned in the introduction is used, for example, in the production of metal oxides in order to be able to specify the amount of molten metal that is to be supplied to the oxidation process as accurately as possible.

Die Dosiervorrichtung ist hierzu mit einer Dosierkammer ausgestattet, welche entweder getrennt von der Schmelzeinrichtung für das Metall angeordnet und durch eine Leitung mit dieser verbunden ist oder unmittelbar an der Schmelzeinrichtung vorgesehen ist. Gegebenenfalls kann die Dosierkammer auch beheizt ausgebildet sein.The metering device is for this purpose equipped with a metering chamber, which is either arranged separately from the melting device for the metal and connected by a line with this or is provided directly on the melting device. Optionally, the metering chamber may also be designed to be heated.

Mit Hilfe eines Dosierelementes kann die an der Dosierkammer vorgesehene Dosieröffnung freigegeben oder geschlossen werden, um auf diese Weise die Menge an abzugebender Schmelze zu regulieren.With the aid of a metering element, the metering opening provided on the metering chamber can be released or closed in order to regulate the amount of melt to be dispensed in this way.

Da das Dosieren der Schmelze bei Schmelztemperatur erfolgen muss, besteht insbesondere bei Materialien, die zu Oxidation neigen, das Problem, dass sich die Dosieröffnung während des laufenden Betriebes durch Oxide langsam zusetzt, so dass eine ordnungsgemäße Dosierung erschwert oder gegebenenfalls unmöglich gemacht wird. Bei den bisher üblichen Dosiervorrichtungen muss bei einem Zusetzen der Dosieröffnung die Dosiervorrichtung abgeschaltet werden. Nach dem Abkühlen der Dosiervorrichtung kann dann das Dosierelement und die Dosieröffnung gereinigt werden.Since the metering of the melt must be carried out at the melting temperature, there is the problem, in particular with materials that tend to oxidation, that the metering opening during operation by oxides slowly added, so that proper dosing difficult or possibly impossible. In the previously used metering devices, the metering device must be switched off when the metering orifice is added. After cooling the metering device, the metering element and the metering opening can then be cleaned.

Vorrichtungen zum Reinigen einer Dosieröffnung sind beispielsweise aus der EP 0 109 348 A und der US 4,073,414 bekannt.Devices for cleaning a dosing are, for example, from EP 0 109 348 A and the US 4,073,414 known.

EP 0 109 348 A offenbart eine Stopfstangenanordnung an Abgussöfen, die eine Stopfenstange mit einem Kolben aufweist, der an eine Gießlochöffnung angepasst und in dieser axial und rotierend bewegbar ist. Die Axialbewegung des Kolbens bzw. der Stopfenstange ermöglicht primär die Freigabe bzw. den Verschluss der Gießlochöffnung zur Dosierung der Schmelze beim Gießvorgang. Sekundär bewirkt der axial bewegbare Kolben insbesondere durch die zusätzliche Drehbewegung, die Reinigung der Gießlochöffnung im laufenden Betrieb der Anordnung. EP 0 109 348 A discloses a stuffing box assembly on casting furnaces having a stopper rod with a piston adapted to and axially and rotationally movable within a pouring hole opening. The axial movement of the piston or the stopper rod primarily enables the release or the closure of the pouring hole opening for metering the melt during the casting process. Secondarily causes the axially movable piston in particular by the additional rotational movement, the cleaning of Gießlochöffnung during operation of the arrangement.

US 4,073,414 offenbart eine Vorrichtung zum Dosieren einer Metallschmelze mit einem Dosierstab bzw. Verschlussstab, der von einer Offenstellung in eine Schließstellung axial bezüglich einer Dosieröffnung bewegbar ist. Der Verschlussstab ist zusätzlich drehbar. US 4,073,414 discloses a device for metering a molten metal with a metering rod or locking rod, which is movable from an open position to a closed position axially with respect to a metering opening. The locking rod is additionally rotatable.

Nachteilig an den bekannten Dosiervorrichtungen ist, dass eine Reinigung der Dosieröffnung und des Dosierelementes nur bei abgeschalteter Dosiervorrichtung möglich ist, wodurch der laufende Herstellungsprozess unterbrochen werden muss. Darüber hinaus besteht das Problem, dass aufgrund der hohen Temperaturen, mit denen derartige Dosiervorrichtungen betrieben werden, immer auch die Gefahr besteht, dass sich das Wartungspersonal bei nicht ausreichender Abkühlzeit beim Reinigen der Dosiervorrichtung verletzt, beispielsweise Verbrennungen zuzieht.A disadvantage of the known metering devices, that a cleaning of the metering and the metering is possible only when the metering device is switched off, whereby the current production process must be interrupted. In addition, there is the problem that due to the high temperatures with which such dosing devices are operated, there is always the danger that the maintenance personnel injured in insufficient cooling time when cleaning the metering device, for example, burns.

Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Dosiervorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art so weiterzubilden, dass ein Zusetzen der Dosieröffnung während des laufenden Betriebes der Dosiervorrichtung nahezu ausgeschlossen werden kann.It is an object of the invention to develop a metering device of the type mentioned so that clogging of the metering during operation of the metering device can be almost eliminated.

Die Erfindung löst die Aufgabe durch eine Dosiervorrichtung mit den Merkmalen nach Anspruch 1.The invention solves the problem by a metering device with the features of claim 1.

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Dosiervorrichtung dient das Dosierelement nicht nur zum Verschließen der Dosieröffnung, sondern gleichzeitig auch als Einrichtung zum Reinigen der Dosieröffnung während des laufenden Betriebes der Dosiervorrichtung. So kann mit der erfindungsgemäßen Dosiervorrichtung während des laufenden Betriebes das Dosierelement axial hin und her bewegt werden. Gleichzeitig oder zeitlich versetzt zum axialen Hin- und Herbewegen kann des Dosierelement ferner um seine Einführrichtung herum gedreht werden, wodurch zusätzlich eine rotatorische Relativbewegung des Dosierelementes zur Dosieröffnung erreicht wird. Durch diese gleichzeitig oder auch aufeinanderfolgend auftretenden Relativbewegungen des Dosierelementes zur Dosieröffnung können sowohl am Dosierelement als auch an der Dosieröffnung anhaftende Rückstände, wie Oxide der Schmelze, auf sehr einfache und elegante Weise während des laufenden Betriebes der Dosiervorrichtung entfernt werden. Hierdurch kann auf das bei dem Stand der Technik übliche Abschalten der Dosiervorrichtung und das Demontieren des Dosierelementes oder eines mit der Dosieröffnung versehenen Einsatzes verzichtet werden.In the metering device according to the invention, the metering element serves not only for closing the metering opening, but at the same time as a means for cleaning the metering opening during operation of the metering device. Thus, with the metering device according to the invention during operation, the metering element can be moved axially back and forth. At the same time or offset in time from the axial reciprocating movement, the dosing element can also be rotated about its introduction direction, whereby additionally a rotary relative movement of the dosing element to the dosing opening is achieved. By this occurring simultaneously or successively relative movements of the metering to the metering both residues on the metering and at the metering, such as oxides of the melt can be removed in a very simple and elegant way during operation of the metering device. This makes it possible to dispense with the usual in the prior art switching off the metering and disassembly of the metering or provided with the metering insert.

Weitere vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der erfindungsgemäßen Dosiervorrichtung werden aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung, der Zeichnung sowie den Unteransprüchen ersichtlich.Further advantageous developments of the dosing device according to the invention will become apparent from the following description, the drawings and the dependent claims.

Als Dosierelement wird vorzugsweise eine axial verstellbare Dosiernadel eingesetzt, welche gleichzeitig zusätzlich zur axialen Verstellbarkeit um ihre Längsachse herum drehbar anzutreiben ist. Zum Verschließen der Dosieröffnung wird die Dosiernadel in die Dosieröffnung eingeführt. Die Verwendung einer Dosiernadel, also eines länglichen Dosierelementes mit vergleichsweise geringem Querschnitt, hat den Vorteil, dass die Dosiernadel beim Auftreffen auf Abscheidungen mit einer bezogen auf die Fläche vergleichsweise großen Kraft auf die Abscheidungen einwirkt und diese lösen kann.As dosing preferably an axially adjustable dispensing needle is used, which is simultaneously rotatably drive in addition to the axial adjustability about its longitudinal axis. To close the metering opening, the dispensing needle is inserted into the metering opening. The use of a dispensing needle, that is, an elongate metering element with a comparatively small cross-section, has the advantage that the dispensing needle when striking deposits with a relative to the surface of relatively large force acts on the deposits and can solve them.

Bei einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Dosiervorrichtung wird vorgeschlagen, zumindest das in die Dosieröffnung einzuführende freie Ende des Dosierelementes aus einem wärmebeständigen und gleichzeitig gehärteten Material zu fertigen. Das freie Ende ist hierzu entweder durch geeignete Härte- und Wärmebehandlungsschritte gehärtet. Alternativ ist es auch möglich, das Dosierelement aus einem Grundkörper aus einem wärmebeständigen Material zu fertigen, an dessen Ende ein aus einem wärmebeständigen und gleichzeitig gehärteten Material gefertigter Aufsatz, beispielsweise ein Schneidstempel, durch geeignete Befestigungsverfahren wie Schweißen oder Kleben befestigt ist. Durch Ausbilden des freien Endes des Dosierelementes aus einem wärmebeständigen und gleichzeitig gehärteten Material wird sichergestellt, dass insbesondere das freie Ende des Dosierelementes den während des Reinigens entstehenden hohen mechanischen Belastungen widerstehen kann, so dass das Dosierelement trotz seiner Reinigungsfunktion eine verglichen mit den bekannten Dosierelementen vergleichbar hohe Standzeit aufweist.In a particularly preferred embodiment of the metering device according to the invention, it is proposed to manufacture at least the free end of the metering element to be introduced into the metering opening from a heat-resistant and at the same time hardened material. The free end is hardened for this purpose either by suitable hardening and heat treatment steps. Alternatively, it is also possible to manufacture the metering element from a base body of a heat-resistant material, at the end of which a made of a heat-resistant and simultaneously cured material essay, such as a cutting punch, is attached by suitable attachment methods such as welding or gluing. By forming the free end of the metering of a heat-resistant and simultaneously cured material ensures that in particular the free end of the metering can withstand the resulting during cleaning high mechanical loads, so that the metering despite its cleaning function compared to the known metering comparably high Life has.

Des Weiteren wird erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagen, an dem Dosierelement nahe seinem in die Dosieröffnung einzuführenden freien Ende mindestens einen radial nach außen abstehenden Schaber vorzusehen. Mit Hilfe dieses Schabers ist es möglich, die Ablagerungen im Eintrittsbereich der Dosieröffnung zu entfernen.Furthermore, it is proposed according to the invention to provide at least one radially outwardly projecting scraper on the dosing element near its free end to be introduced into the dosing opening. With the help of this scraper, it is possible to remove the deposits in the inlet region of the metering opening.

Bevorzugt ist die Dosieröffnung an einem Einsatz ausgebildet, welcher an der Dosierkammer vorzugsweise lösbar befestigt ist. Bei dieser Weiterbildung kann der mit der Dosieröffnung versehene Einsatz aus einem besonders widerstandsfähigen Material gebildet sein, so dass insbesondere der Öffnungsbereich der Dosieröffnung, der durch das Öffnen und Schließen einerseits und durch das Reinigen andererseits sehr hohen mechanischen Belastungen ausgesetzt ist, eine vergleichsweise hohe Standzeit zeigt. Ist der Einsatz lösbar an der Dosierkammer befestigt, kann er ohne großen Aufwand ausgebaut und durch einen anderen Einsatz ersetzt werden.Preferably, the metering opening is formed on an insert, which is preferably releasably attached to the metering chamber. In this development, the insert provided with the metering can be formed of a particularly resistant material, so that in particular the opening portion of the metering, which is exposed by opening and closing on the one hand and by cleaning on the other hand very high mechanical loads, a comparatively long service life , If the insert is releasably attached to the metering chamber, it can be removed without much effort and replaced by another insert.

Die Dosieröffnung weist vorzugsweise einen Einlauftrichter auf, der einen sich in Abströmrichtung der Schmelze kegelförmig verjüngenden Trichterabschnitt hat, welcher vorzugsweise in einen Kanal konstanten Querschnitts übergeht, wodurch ein kontinuierlicher Schmelzestrom aus der Dosieröffnung sichergestellt werden kann. Bei einer derart ausgestalteten Dosieröffnung mit Einlauftrichter ist es von besonderem Vorteil, wenn der zuvor beschriebene Schaber bei vom Dosierelement geschlossener Dosieröffnung zumindest abschnittsweise an dem Trichterabschnitt des Einlauftrichters anliegt.The metering orifice preferably has an inlet funnel which has a conically tapered funnel section in the outflow direction of the melt, which preferably merges into a channel of constant cross section, whereby a continuous melt stream from the metering opening can be ensured. In the case of a dosing opening with inlet funnel designed in this way, it is particularly advantageous if the scraper described above bears against the funnel section of the inlet funnel at least in sections when the dosing opening is closed by the dosing element.

Der Aktuator, mit dem das Dosierelement sowohl axial als auch rotatorisch verstellt werden kann, ist vorzugsweise mit einer einzigen Antriebseinheit ausgestattet. Hierdurch wird insbesondere der für die Dosiervorrichtung insgesamt erforderliche Bauraum deutlich vermindert. Bei einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform wird als Antriebseinheit ein vorzugsweise pneumatisch zu betätigender Linear-Rotations-Zylinder verwendet, welcher mit dem Dosierelement zur Übertragung der Stellbewegung gekoppelt ist.The actuator, with which the metering element can be adjusted both axially and rotationally, is preferably equipped with a single drive unit. As a result, in particular the overall space required for the metering device is significantly reduced. In a particularly preferred embodiment, a preferably pneumatically actuated linear rotary cylinder is used as the drive unit, which is coupled to the metering element for transmitting the adjusting movement.

Alternativ ist es auch möglich, einen Aktuator zu verwenden, der eine erste Antriebseinheit zum axialen Verstellen des Dosierelementes sowie eine zweite Antriebseinheit zum rotatorischen Verstellen des Dosierelementes aufweist. Dies ist insbesondere dann von Vorteil, wenn ein bereits bestehendes System mit einer Antriebseinheit zum axialen Verstellen des Dosierelementes zusätzlich mit einer Antriebseinheit zum rotatorischen Verstellen des Dosierelementes nachgerüstet werden soll.Alternatively, it is also possible to use an actuator which has a first drive unit for axial adjustment of the metering element and a second drive unit for rotational adjustment of the metering element. This is particularly advantageous if an already existing system with a drive unit for axial adjustment of the dosing is to be retrofitted with a drive unit for rotatably adjusting the dosing.

Das axiale und rotatorische Verstellen des Dosierelementes kann gegebenenfalls gleichzeitig erfolgen. Alternativ ist es auch möglich, das Dosierelement wahlweise axial oder rotatorisch zu verstellen. Bei einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform sind diese beiden Betriebsmodi gleichzeitig realisiert, so dass der Benutzer das Dosierelement entweder gleichzeitig axial und rotatorisch oder aber nur axial und nur rotatorisch verstellen kann. Insbesondere das gleichzeitige axiale und rotatorische Verstellen des Dosierelementes hat den Vorteil, dass das Reinigen der Dosieröffnung sowie des Dosierelementes auch während des normalen Betriebs der Dosiervorrichtung erfolgen kann.The axial and rotary adjustment of the metering element can optionally take place simultaneously. Alternatively, it is also possible, the metering optionally axial or rotatory to adjust. In a particularly preferred embodiment, these two operating modes are realized simultaneously, so that the user can adjust the dosing either simultaneously axially and rotationally or only axially and only rotationally. In particular, the simultaneous axial and rotational adjustment of the metering element has the advantage that the cleaning of the metering and the metering can also be done during normal operation of the metering device.

Damit sich das Dosierelement in der Dosieröffnung möglichst nicht verkantet sowie zum Ausgleich fertigungsbedingter oder betriebsbedingter Toleranzen, ist bei einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Dosiervorrichtung zwischen dem Dosierelement und dem Aktuator eine kardanische Aufhängung vorgesehen, welche das Dosierelement mit dem Aktuator koppelt. Mit Hilfe der kardanischen Aufhängung kann ein Achsversatz zwischen dem Dosierelement und den Bewegungsachsen des Aktuators ausgeglichen werden.Thus, the dosing in the metering as possible not tilted and to compensate for production-related or operational tolerances, a gimbal is provided in a particularly preferred embodiment of the metering device according to the invention between the metering and the actuator, which couples the metering with the actuator. With the help of the gimbal suspension, an axial offset between the metering and the axes of movement of the actuator can be compensated.

Bei einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Dosiervorrichtung ist der Aktuator außerhalb der Dosierkammer angeordnet, wobei als Dosierelement eine Dosiernadel dient, welche durch die Dosierkammer hindurchragt und in die Dosieröffnung axial eingeführt oder aus dieser herausgezogen werden kann. Bei dieser Ausgestaltung der Dosiervorrichtung ist die Dosiernadel in einer an der Wand der Dosierkammer ausgebildeten Halteöffnung verschieblich und drehbar gelagert. Auf diese Weise wird eine sehr definierte Positionierung der Dosiernadel relativ zur Dosieröffnung erreicht.In a particularly preferred embodiment of the metering device according to the invention, the actuator is arranged outside the metering chamber, wherein the metering element is a metering needle, which protrudes through the metering chamber and axially inserted into the metering or can be pulled out of this. In this embodiment of the metering device, the metering needle is mounted displaceably and rotatably in a holding opening formed on the wall of the metering chamber. In this way, a very defined positioning of the dispensing needle is achieved relative to the metering.

Die Dosierkammer ist vorzugsweise durch eine beheizte Versorgungsleitung mit der Schmelzeinrichtung verbunden. Dies ist insbesondere dann von Vorteil, wenn mehrere Dosierkammern zum Einsatz kommen, die an einer gemeinsamen Schmelzeinrichtung angeschlossen sind.The metering chamber is preferably connected by a heated supply line to the melting device. This is particularly advantageous when several metering chambers are used, which are connected to a common melting device.

Die zuvor beschriebene Dosiervorrichtung wird vorzugsweise zum Dosieren einer Metallschmelze eingesetzt. Insbesondere eignet sich die erfindungsgemäße Dosiervorrichtung zum Dosieren geschmolzenen Bleis bei der Bleioxidherstellung.The metering device described above is preferably used for metering a molten metal. In particular, the metering device according to the invention is suitable for metering molten lead during lead oxide production.

Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispieles unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügte Zeichnung näher beschrieben. Darin zeigt:

Fig. 1
eine schematische Schnittansicht durch eine erfindungsgemäße Dosiervorrichtung; und
Fig. 2
eine perspektivische Darstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Dosiernadel.
The invention will be described in more detail with reference to an embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings. It shows:
Fig. 1
a schematic sectional view through a metering device according to the invention; and
Fig. 2
a perspective view of a dispensing needle according to the invention.

In Fig. 1 ist in schematischer Darstellung eine erfindungsgemäße Dosiervorrichtung 10 dargestellt. Die Dosiervorrichtung 10 dient im vorliegenden Fall zur dosierten Abgabe einer Bleischmelze für die Bleioxidherstellung.In Fig. 1 a dosing device 10 according to the invention is shown in a schematic representation. The metering device 10 is used in the present case for the metered delivery of a lead melt for Bleioxidherstellung.

Die Dosiervorrichtung 10 hat eine beheizte Dosierkammer 12, die aus einem hitzebeständigen Material gefertigt oder zumindest mit einem hitzebeständigen Material ausgekleidet ist. Die Dosierkammer 12 steht über eine gleichfalls beheizte Versorgungsleitung 14 mit einer nicht dargestellten Schmelzeinrichtung in Verbindung, in welcher das Blei für den Dosiervorgang aufgeschmolzen wird.The metering device 10 has a heated metering chamber 12 which is made of a refractory material or at least lined with a refractory material. The dosing chamber 12 is connected via a likewise heated supply line 14 with a melting device, not shown in combination, in which the lead is melted for the dosing.

An der Unterseite der Dosierkammer 12 ist eine Öffnung 16 ausgebildet, in welcher ein Einsatz 18 lösbar gehalten ist. Der Einsatz 18 ist hierzu an der Dosierkammer 12 durch eine nicht dargestellte Überwurfmutter gesichert.At the bottom of the metering chamber 12, an opening 16 is formed, in which an insert 18 is releasably held. The insert 18 is secured to the dosing chamber 12 by a union nut, not shown.

In dem zylindrischen Einsatz 18 ist eine sich entlang seiner Symmetrieachse erstreckende Dosieröffnung 20 ausgebildet, welche einen Einlauftrichter 22 aufweist, mit dem die Dosieröffnung 20 mit dem Innenraum der Dosierkammer 12 verbunden ist. Der Einlauftrichter 22 hat einen sich in Abströmrichtung der Schmelze kegelförmig verjüngenden Trichterabschnitt 24, welcher in einen Kanal 26 mit rundem und konstanten Querschnitt übergeht.In the cylindrical insert 18 a extending along its axis of symmetry metering opening 20 is formed, which has an inlet funnel 22, with which the metering opening 20 is connected to the interior of the metering chamber 12. The inlet funnel 22 has a funnel section 24 conically tapering in the outflow direction of the melt, which merges into a channel 26 with a round and constant cross section.

An der Wand der Dosierkammer 12, welche der Dosieröffnung 20 gegenüber angeordnet ist, ist eine Halteöffnung 26 ausgebildet, in welcher eine Führungsbuchse 30 gehalten ist. Die Halteöffnung 28 ist dabei so relativ zur Öffnung 16 bzw. so relativ zur Dosieröffnung 20 angeordnet, dass die Symmetrieachse der Führungsbuchse 30 zur Symmetrieachse der Dosieröffnung 20 zumindest annähernd fluchtet.On the wall of the metering chamber 12, which is arranged opposite the metering opening 20, a holding opening 26 is formed, in which a guide bushing 30 is held. The holding opening 28 is so relative to the opening 16 or so relative to the metering 20 arranged so that the axis of symmetry of the guide bush 30 to the symmetry axis of the metering opening 20 is at least approximately aligned.

In der Führungsbuchse 30 ist als Dosierelement eine Dosiernadel 32 längsverschieblich und rotatorisch geführt, deren Aufbau nachfolgend unter Bezugnahme auf Fig. 2 näher erläutert wird.In the guide bush 30 is a dosing 32 longitudinally displaceable and rotationally guided as dosing, the structure of which reference is made below Fig. 2 is explained in more detail.

Die Dosiernadel 32 hat einen Nadelkörper 34 aus einem wärmebeständigen Stahl. An dem in Fig. 2 unten dargestellten freien Ende des Nadelkörpers 34 ist ein aus einem wärmebeständigen und gleichzeitig gehärteten Stahl gefertigter Schneidstempel 36 durch Schweißen bzw. Kleben befestigt. Beabstandet zum freien Ende des Schneidstempels 36 an dem sich unmittelbar anschließenden vorderen Abschnitt des Nadelkörpers 34 sind drei radial nach außen abstehende, gleichmäßig zueinander beabstandete, identische Schaber 38 befestigt, welche sich in Längsrichtung L der Dosiernadel 32 erstrecken. Die dem Schneidstempel 36 zugewandten vorderen Kanten 40 jedes Schabers 38 sind in Längsrichtung L des Nadelkörpers 34 betrachtet geneigt und verlaufen unter einem Winkel von etwa 30° zur Längsrichtung L des Nadelkörpers 34. Der Verlauf der vorderen Kanten 40 der Schaber 38 ist dabei winkelmäßig an den Verlauf des Trichterabschnittes 34 angepasst, wie später noch erläutert wird. Am anderen Ende des Nadelkörpers 34, welcher in Fig. 2 oben dargestellt ist, ist ein Außengewinde 42 ausgebildet.The dispensing needle 32 has a needle body 34 made of a heat-resistant steel. At the in Fig. 2 shown below, the free end of the needle body 34 made of a heat-resistant and simultaneously hardened steel cutting punch 36 is fixed by welding or gluing. Spaced to the free end of the cutting punch 36 at the immediately adjacent front portion of the needle body 34 are three radially outwardly projecting, uniformly spaced apart, identical scrapers 38 attached, which extend in the longitudinal direction L of the dispensing needle 32. The cutting edge 36 facing the front edges 40 of each scraper 38 are viewed in the longitudinal direction L of the needle body 34 inclined and extend at an angle of about 30 ° to the longitudinal direction L of the needle body 34. The course of the front edges 40 of the scraper 38 is angularly to the Adjusted course of the funnel section 34, as will be explained later. At the other end of the needle body 34, which in Fig. 2 As shown above, an external thread 42 is formed.

Im montierten Zustand, wie er in Fig. 1 gezeigt ist, ist die Dosiernadel 32 mit ihrem Nadelkörper 34 in der Führungsbuchse 30 axial und rotatorisch gelagert, wobei das Außengewinde 42 in eine Verlängerung 43 eingeschraubt ist, welche mit einer kardanischen Aufhängung 44 eines Aktuators 46 verbunden ist. Der Aktuator 46 ist mit einem pneumatisch zu betätigenden Linear-Rotations-Zylinder 48 ausgestattet, welcher in der Lage ist, die Dosiernadel 32 wahlweise axial oder rotatorisch zu verstellen.In the assembled state, as in Fig. 1 is shown, the dispensing needle 32 is mounted with its needle body 34 in the guide bush 30 axially and rotationally, wherein the external thread 42 is screwed into an extension 43 which is connected to a gimbal 44 of an actuator 46. The actuator 46 is provided with a pneumatically actuated linear rotary cylinder 48 which is capable of selectively adjusting the metering needle 32 axially or rotationally.

Während des Betriebes ragt die Dosiernadel 32 durch die Dosierkammer 12 und ist mit ihrem Schneidstempel 36 so zur Dosieröffnung 20 gehalten, dass bei einem Absenken der Dosiernadel 32 der Schneidstempel 36 in den Kanal 26 eingeführt werden kann, wodurch die Dosieröffnung 20 verschlossen wird, während gleichzeitig die vorderen Kanten 40 der Schaber 38 an dem Trichterabschnitt 24 des Einlauftrichters 22 anliegen.During operation, the dispensing needle 32 protrudes through the metering chamber 12 and is held with its cutting punch 36 to the metering 20 so that when lowering the dispensing needle 32 of the cutting punch 36 can be inserted into the channel 26, whereby the metering 20 is closed while simultaneously the front edges 40 of the scrapers 38 abut the funnel section 24 of the inlet funnel 22.

Wird dagegen die Dosiernadel 32 nach oben in ihre Freigabestellung bewegt, gibt sie den Kanal 26 vollständig frei, so dass in der Dosierkammer 12 enthaltene Bleischmelze aus der Dosieröffnung 20 nach außen der weiteren Verarbeitung dosiert zugeführt werden kann.If, in contrast, the dispensing needle 32 is moved upwardly into its release position, it releases the channel 26 completely, so that lead melts contained in the metering chamber 12 can be metered out of the metering opening 20 to the outside for further processing.

Da sich während des Betriebes der erfindungsgemäßen Dosiervorrichtung 10 sowohl in der Dosieröffnung 20 Ablagerungen, beispielsweise Bleioxide, bilden, kann ein ordnungsgemäßes Dosieren der Schmelze erschwert sein. Die Dosiervorrichtung 10 bietet nun die Möglichkeit, mit Hilfe des axialen und rotatorischen Verstellens der Dosiernadel 32 sowie durch das Zusammenwirken der Schaber 38 mit der Oberfläche des Trichterabschnittes 24 die Dosieröffnung 20 und den Schneidstempel 36 der Dosiernadel 32 zu reinigen.Since, during operation of the metering device 10 according to the invention, deposits form in the metering opening 20, for example lead oxides, proper metering of the melt can be impeded. The metering device 10 now offers the possibility of cleaning the metering opening 20 and the cutting punch 36 of the metering needle 32 by means of the axial and rotary adjustment of the metering needle 32 and by the interaction of the scrapers 38 with the surface of the hopper section 24.

Zu diesem Zweck können die Ablagerungen durch Drehen der Dosiernadel 32 gelöst werden. Dabei werden im Kanal 26 anhaftende Ablagerungen sicher entfernt und gleichzeitig der Einlauftrichter 22 gereinigt werden. Danach wird die Dosiernadel 32 in ihre Schließstellung bewegt, in der sie mit ihren Schabern 38 an der Oberfläche des Trichterabschnittes 24 anliegt. Anschließend wird unter geringer axialer Vorspannung der Dosiernadel 32 in Richtung der Dosieröffnung 20 die Dosiernadel 32 in langsame Drehung versetzt, wobei die Schaber 38 die Oberfläche des Trichterabschnittes 24 reinigen.For this purpose, the deposits can be achieved by turning the dispensing needle 32. In this case, adhering deposits are safely removed in the channel 26 and at the same time the inlet funnel 22 are cleaned. Thereafter, the dispensing needle 32 is moved to its closed position, in which it rests with its scrapers 38 on the surface of the funnel section 24. Subsequently, the dispensing needle 32 is set in slow rotation with slight axial prestressing of the dispensing needle 32 in the direction of the dispensing opening 20, the scrapers 38 cleaning the surface of the funnel section 24.

Die sich lösenden Ablagerungen werden von der Schmelze aus der Dosierkammer 12 abgeführt, sobald die Dosieröffnung 20 wieder geöffnet wird.The loosening deposits are discharged from the melt from the metering chamber 12 as soon as the metering opening 20 is opened again.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1010
Dosiervorrichtungmetering
1212
Dosierkammermetering
1414
Versorgungsleitungsupply line
1616
Öffnungopening
1818
Einsatzcommitment
2020
Dosieröffnungmetering
2222
Einlauftrichterfeed hopper
2424
Trichterabschnittfunnel section
2626
Kanalchannel
2828
Halteöffnungholding opening
3030
Führungsbuchseguide bush
3232
DosiernadelDispense
3434
Nadelkörperneedle body
3636
Schneidstempelcutting punch
3838
Schaberscraper
4040
vordere Kantenfront edges
4242
Außengewindeexternal thread
4343
Verlängerungrenewal
4444
kardanische AufhängungCardan suspension
4646
Aktuatoractuator
4848
Linear-Rotations-ZylinderLinear rotation cylinder
LL
Längsrichtunglongitudinal direction

Claims (13)

  1. A metering device for a melt, in particular a molten metal, with a metering chamber (12), on which a metering opening (20) is provided to deliver the melt contained in the metering chamber (12), a metering element (32) for closing and releasing the metering opening (20) and an actuator (46) for adjusting the metering element (32) between a closing position in which it closes the metering opening (20) and a release position, in which it opens the metering opening (20) to deliver the melt, it being possible to axially introduce the metering element (32), to close the metering opening (20), at least partially therein and to drive it around its introduction direction (L) to clean the metering opening (20),
    characterised in that
    the metering element (32), close to its free end (36) to be introduced into the metering opening (20), has at least one scraper (38) projecting radially outwardly.
  2. A metering device according to claim 1, characterised in that an axially adjustable metering needle (32) is used as the metering element and, to close the metering opening (20), is to be axially introduced therein and is to be rotatably driven about its longitudinal axis (L).
  3. A metering device according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that the free end (36) of the metering element (32) to be introduced into the metering opening (20) is manufactured from a heat-resistant and hardened material.
  4. A metering device according to at least any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the metering opening (20) is formed in an insert (18) preferably detachably provided on the metering chamber (12).
  5. A metering device according to at least any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the metering opening (20) has an inlet funnel (22), which has a conically tapering funnel portion (24) in the outflow direction of the melt, which funnel portion preferably passes into a channel (26) with a constant cross-section.
  6. A metering device according to claims 1 and 5, characterised in that the at least one scraper (38), when the metering opening (20) is closed by the metering element (32), rests, at least in portions, on the funnel portion (24) of the inlet funnel (22).
  7. A metering device according to at least any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the actuator (46) has a single drive unit (48) for the axial and rotary adjustment of the metering element (32).
  8. A metering device according to at least any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the actuator (46), as a drive unit, has a linear-rotational cylinder (48), which is preferably to be actuated pneumatically, which is coupled to the metering element (32) to transmit the adjusting movements.
  9. A metering device according to at least any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the actuator (46) adjusts the metering needle (32) simultaneously axially and rotationally and/or selectively axially or rotationally.
  10. A metering device according to at least any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the metering element (32) is coupled to the actuator (46) by means of a universal mounting (44).
  11. A metering device according to at least any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the metering element is a metering needle (32), which projects through the metering chamber (12) and is displaceably and rotatably mounted in a holding opening (28) formed opposing the metering opening (20) on the wall of the metering chamber (12).
  12. A metering device according to at least any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a preferably heated supply line (14) opens into the metering chamber (12) and is used to supply the melt from a melt mechanism into the metering chamber (12).
  13. A metering device according to at least any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the metering device (10) is used for metering a molten metal, preferably for metering molten lead during the production of lead oxide.
EP05001947A 2004-03-15 2005-01-31 Metering device for a melt Not-in-force EP1577036B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI200530877T SI1577036T1 (en) 2004-03-15 2005-01-31 Metering device for a melt
PL05001947T PL1577036T3 (en) 2004-03-15 2005-01-31 Metering device for a melt

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202004004019U DE202004004019U1 (en) 2004-03-15 2004-03-15 Metering device for a melt
DE202004004019U 2004-03-15

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1577036A1 EP1577036A1 (en) 2005-09-21
EP1577036B1 true EP1577036B1 (en) 2009-09-23

Family

ID=32336892

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05001947A Not-in-force EP1577036B1 (en) 2004-03-15 2005-01-31 Metering device for a melt

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1577036B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE443586T1 (en)
DE (2) DE202004004019U1 (en)
DK (1) DK1577036T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2333727T3 (en)
PL (1) PL1577036T3 (en)
SI (1) SI1577036T1 (en)

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4073414A (en) 1976-08-09 1978-02-14 Albany International Corporation Auto crucible for metering and transferring liquid metals
SE444398B (en) 1982-11-05 1986-04-14 Asea Ab STOPPING DEVICE FOR CASTING Ovens
JPS6340668A (en) * 1986-08-06 1988-02-22 Nippon Kokan Kk <Nkk> Vessel for molten metal having molten metal outflow port
JPS6372475A (en) * 1986-09-16 1988-04-02 Nkk Corp Molten metal vessel provided with molten metal outflow port

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1577036A1 (en) 2005-09-21
DE202004004019U1 (en) 2004-05-19
SI1577036T1 (en) 2010-01-29
ATE443586T1 (en) 2009-10-15
ES2333727T3 (en) 2010-02-26
DK1577036T3 (en) 2010-02-01
PL1577036T3 (en) 2010-02-26
DE502005008166D1 (en) 2009-11-05

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