EP1573761A1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur bestimmung der restlebensdauer eines schaltgerätes - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zur bestimmung der restlebensdauer eines schaltgerätesInfo
- Publication number
- EP1573761A1 EP1573761A1 EP03785582A EP03785582A EP1573761A1 EP 1573761 A1 EP1573761 A1 EP 1573761A1 EP 03785582 A EP03785582 A EP 03785582A EP 03785582 A EP03785582 A EP 03785582A EP 1573761 A1 EP1573761 A1 EP 1573761A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- contact
- determined
- change
- switching
- pressure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
- H01H11/0062—Testing or measuring non-electrical properties of switches, e.g. contact velocity
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/0015—Means for testing or for inspecting contacts, e.g. wear indicator
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
- H01H71/04—Means for indicating condition of the switching device
- H01H2071/044—Monitoring, detection or measuring systems to establish the end of life of the switching device, can also contain other on-line monitoring systems, e.g. for detecting mechanical failures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
- H01H50/08—Indicators; Distinguishing marks
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for determining the remaining service life of a switching device according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
- the invention relates to an associated device according to the preamble of patent claim 10.
- EP 0 694 937 B1 protects the process for recording the change in through-pressure as a replacement criterion for contact erosion.
- Specific methods for use in switching devices are described in EP 0 878 016 B1, EP 0 878 015 B1 and EP 1 002 325 Bl. It is consistently based on the fact that the pressure changes during the switch-off process, ie when the switch contacts are opened, are recorded by an electromagnetic drive, from which the erosion of the switch contacts is determined and the remaining service life of the switching device is determined therefrom. Based on this, it is an object of the invention to provide a method and the associated device in which, in addition to the contact erosion, the wear of the switching device mechanism can also be taken into account under certain conditions. In addition, it is possible to monitor and control the switch-on movement with the recorded measured values.
- the changes in through-pressure are now recorded specifically during the switch-on process, i.e. when the switching contacts are closed by the magnetic drive.
- a position sensor is coupled to the magnetic armature of the magnetic drive in the non-positive contact.
- the contact erosion can be taken into account as the variable that essentially determines the service life of the switching device, but also the wear of the device mechanism. This can be important if the switching device is specifically a vacuum contactor. While the contact stroke is relatively large (up to 10 mm) for air-riflemen and the play caused by the wear of the moving components of the device mechanics is negligible as a percentage, this can be a not insignificant quantity for vacuum-riflemen.
- FIG. 1 shows a graphical representation for calculating the contact closing position during the switch-on process
- FIG. 2 shows a magnetic drive for a switching device with a position sensor
- FIG. 3 shows a specific design of the position sensor from FIG. 2 for determining individual position times
- FIG. 4 shows an arrangement for a concretized to FIG
- Figure 5 is a flowchart for arithmetically determining the contact life of a switching device .
- the method described below for determining the remaining service life of switching contacts essentially consists in the temporal recording of predetermined, discrete positions of a magnet armature of a contactor drive and / or certain components of the switching device drive, and in determining the speed and (average) acceleration of the component to which the position measurement is made, at these predetermined positions.
- FIG. 1 shows schematically the path-time profile 1 of a component of the switching device, the path of which is identical to the contact path, the path of which is either via a constant constant factor or can be mathematically linked to the contact path via a predetermined function.
- the position of the closing contact can be determined for the contact closing time t 3 from the determined values of the speed and the acceleration, as well as from the relative positions of the position transmitters to one another and their position times.
- the still unknown contact closing position between the position x 2 which represents the end of the path interval for determining the speed
- the position x 4 which lies in the closing direction of the component after the contact closing position
- the closer the contact interval x 3 can be determined the more precisely the path interval between the positions x x and x is chosen.
- the positions xi and x should be selected so that they securely enclose the contact closing position, which changes due to wear of the contact and / or mechanics, but the path interval between them does not become significantly larger than the difference between the contact closing positions at the beginning and at the end of the contact life.
- FIG. It consists in a known manner of, for example, an E-shaped magnetic yoke with magnetic coils and a magnetic armature.
- an associated switching device is specifically a contactor.
- This can be an air contactor but also a vacuum contactor, in the latter case the linkage of the drive to the moving contacts of the contactor is more complex.
- a magnet och 101 on which two solenoids 102 and 102 x sit for magnetic excitation.
- the pole faces of the magnetic yoke are designated 103 and 103 '.
- a magnet armature 110 is assigned to the magnet yoke 101, which armature is attracted by the magnet yoke when the magnet drive is excited by the magnet coils.
- FIG. 1 The full opening position of the magnet armature 110 is shown in FIG.
- a carrier 130 for a moving contact 141 is arranged on the magnet armature, the carrier 130 being movable in the vertical direction in FIG. 2.
- the moving contact 141 is brought into the closed position to the fixed contact 151.
- a position sensor 120 is arranged in frictional contact with the magnet armature 110.
- the position transmitter 120 essentially serves to record specific positions at the time of the armature movement and is described in detail in the further figures.
- FIG. 3 shows the magnetic drive with a specific embodiment of a position sensor 120, the advantages of which lie in its simplicity, robustness and the precision in detecting the predetermined positions.
- the number of positions that can be predetermined in terms of construction can be considerably higher than the minimum number of three positions, ie (i, x 2 and x 4 ).
- the position transmitter 120 is designed as a cylindrical rod, which is pressed against the magnet armature 110 by a spring 125 with moderate spring force and can be moved in an associated housing.
- the position transmitter 120 bears against the armature 110, as a result of which, when the armature 110 is switched on, the position transmitter is carried along and acceleration forces act on it, but no impact forces.
- the cylindrical surface of the position sensor is divided into several conductive and non-conductive surface sections in the axial direction. Since the outer diameter of all surface sections is identical and they adjoin one another without a joint, a smooth cylinder surface is obtained from electrically conductive and non-conductive sections alternating in the axial direction.
- Such an electrically conductive section can e.g. be a highly conductive, metallic ring, the height of e.g. Can be 1mm or less. The position can be detected by electrically contacting external contact members with this metal ring.
- the contact can be realized by a rolling contact instead of by a sliding contact.
- An electrical measuring circuit is connected to this measuring contact, which derives a voltage signal (on / off) from the contact signal (on / off). If, for example, the momentary closing speed of the component is lm / s, the measuring contact supplies the 1 mm as it passes high. Metal ring points in time of the switching edges of the voltage signal, which have a time interval of 1 millisecond. A time signal can therefore be taken from each segment boundary of the surface sections.
- the position sensor 120 according to FIG. 3 thus supplies an alternating square-wave voltage signal which coincides in time with the conductivity signal generated at the measuring contact of the segmented cylinder jacket surface passing by.
- FIG. 4 shows the contact apparatus 40 of an air contactor and the armature 110 with the position transmitter 120 on one side and the bridge girder 130 on the other side corresponding to FIG. 3.
- the movable part of the contact apparatus with its components is introduced on the bridge support 130.
- a contact bridge 140 with moving contacts 14, 14 ' is attached to a spring housing 160 with counter bearing 161, the contact bridge 140 being supported against the bridge carrier 130 by a contact force spring 165 when the contacts are open.
- the moving contacts 141, 141 are movable relative to the fixed contacts 151, 151 ', which are fastened on contact carriers 150, 150', and can be brought into the open or closed position.
- the contact force spring 165 generates the contact force and the closed positions of the armature and contact bridge determine the pressure of the spring.
- X 3 -X 1 (x 2 -X ⁇ ) / (t 2 -t ⁇ ) * (t3-t ⁇ ) + ((x 4 -x ⁇ ) / (t 4 -t ⁇ ) -
- the measured values of the Component positions and the contact switch-on can be calculated to a path (x 3 -x ⁇ ) newly on a microprocessor.
- Contact wear possibly with mechanical wear, gives a current value of the travel (x 3 -x ⁇ ) in switching operation.
- the wear for example in mm, is given by the difference between the calculated distances (x 3 -x ⁇ ) - (x 3 -x ⁇ ) n eu. In the case of contact burn-off, this difference corresponds to the decrease in through-pressure by reducing the contact piece thickness. If there is also a decrease in pressure through wear of mechanical, power-transmitting parts of the device drive, the mechanical, pressure-related decrease in pressure is included as part of the total decrease in pressure, since the contacts and the drive components are in positive contact during the accelerated switch-on movement.
- the computational procedure is illustrated in FIG. 5 using a flow chart.
- the individual steps 201 to 212 are largely self-explanatory: the times t 2 , t 3 and t 4 are determined according to position 205 by starting and presetting switchgear encoder data corresponding to positions 201 and 202. From this, the output values x 3 (t 3 ) and x ⁇ (t ⁇ ) or their difference x 3 -x ⁇ can be calculated according to the position. The difference (x 3 -x ⁇ ) new- (x 3 -x ⁇ ) results in the current change in print through according to position 210. According to position 211, the change in print through is correlated with the end of the service life of the contacts and when the specified conditions are fulfilled according to position 212 Program ended.
- Positions 206 and 208 indicate test routines for averaging x 3 -x ⁇ .
- the current value (x 3 -x ⁇ ) is newly determined at the beginning of a new life cycle, which implicitly contains the current state of wear of the switchgear mechanism. This ensures a reliable assessment of contact wear in every subsequent life cycle.
- speed-controllable drives in particular contactor drives, which consist of a controllable, magnetic drive
- the speed v measured with the position sensor can be used to iteratively drive the drive to a predetermined value Set speed or limit the speed to a specified range of values.
- the control parameters are set each time the drive is switched on with a predetermined parameter step in the direction of higher speed, as long as the speed is lower than the target value or is below the target range, or is set in the direction of lower speed as long as the speed is higher than the target value or is above the target range. This ensures that the contacts close at the specified speed after the speed setting has been reached.
- Be gmn the point in time at which voltage is applied to the coil either - taking into account the phase position of the voltage to record the different development of forces or using a phase-controlled connection, which serves to bring about synchronism.
- t end detection of contact closure, for which purpose the switching path voltage is measured.
- a particular advantage is that the method can be used on existing shooters. However, this requires the detection of the voltage form with an A / D converter or zero crossing detection at the control voltage.
- t End Detection of a waypoint, either when the magnet system closes, whereby the measurement is carried out, for example, by applying a voltage, the yoke-armature movement and a voltage zero value is measured, or a switch is attached to the magnet system or any waypoint.
- a pressure value of the contact force spring is determined from the path-time curve of the magnetic drive, which is empirically predetermined in accordance with FIG. 1, and the wear-related change in pressure is determined from its change in the use state.
- the advantage of this method is the simple detection of the time stamps. However, a modification of the contactor structure and thus a new design may be necessary for the method.
- the drive can be speed-controlled in an advantageous manner as follows: by means of several position rings on a position transmitter, it is possible to measure the path during armature movement and to achieve an almost constant speed for closing the switching device by controlling the magnetic force. This not only optimizes the switching movement, it also minimizes the wear-causing forces on the mechanically moving parts as much as possible.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
- Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)
- Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE2002160249 DE10260249B4 (de) | 2002-12-20 | 2002-12-20 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung der Restlebensdauer eines Schaltgerätes |
DE10260249 | 2002-12-20 | ||
PCT/DE2003/004173 WO2004057634A1 (de) | 2002-12-20 | 2003-12-17 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur bestimmung der restlebensdauer eines schaltgerätes |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1573761A1 true EP1573761A1 (de) | 2005-09-14 |
EP1573761B1 EP1573761B1 (de) | 2007-05-09 |
Family
ID=32667529
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03785582A Expired - Fee Related EP1573761B1 (de) | 2002-12-20 | 2003-12-17 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur bestimmung der restlebensdauer eines schaltgerätes |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1573761B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN100413004C (de) |
DE (2) | DE10260249B4 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2004057634A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102004062266A1 (de) * | 2004-12-23 | 2006-07-13 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum sicheren Betrieb eines Schaltgerätes |
DE102005045095A1 (de) * | 2005-09-21 | 2007-04-05 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zum Bestimmen des Abbrandes von Kontakten eines elektromagnetischen Schaltgerätes und elektromagnetisches Schaltgerät mit einer nach diesem Verfahren arbeitenden Einrichtung |
FR2891392B1 (fr) | 2005-09-23 | 2009-03-20 | Schneider Electric Ind Sas | Dispositif de neutralisation d'un appareil electrique interrupteur |
DE102008048828A1 (de) * | 2008-09-22 | 2010-04-08 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum Ermitteln und/oder zum Einstellen eines Hubes von Betätigungselementen |
FR2945661A1 (fr) | 2009-05-18 | 2010-11-19 | Schneider Electric Ind Sas | Evaluation de l'usure de contacts enfonces par la variation de la rotation de l'arbre des poles |
EP2290666B1 (de) * | 2009-08-27 | 2015-08-12 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Aufsatzmodul mit Lebensdauerüberwachung für elektromagnetische Schaltgeräte und zugehöriges Verfahren |
FR3011673B1 (fr) | 2013-10-08 | 2015-12-11 | Schneider Electric Ind Sas | Dispositif de commutation et procede de detection d'un defaut d'un tel dispositif de commutation |
FR3069064B1 (fr) * | 2017-07-13 | 2022-02-11 | Schneider Electric Ind Sas | Dispositif de commutation electrique et procede de detection d'usure associe |
GB201803422D0 (en) * | 2018-01-16 | 2018-04-18 | Eaton Intelligent Power Ltd | Contactor with contact carrier location sensing |
US10964490B2 (en) | 2019-01-29 | 2021-03-30 | Arc Suppression Technologies | Power contact health assessor apparatus and method |
CN112109643B (zh) * | 2020-09-14 | 2022-08-30 | 东风汽车有限公司 | 一种车用内饰构件及汽车 |
DE102020124802A1 (de) | 2020-09-23 | 2022-03-24 | Te Connectivity Germany Gmbh | Schaltanordnung und Verfahren zum Messen einer Position einer Kontaktbrücke in einer Schaltanordnung |
CN113232887B (zh) * | 2021-05-19 | 2023-03-14 | 中航西安飞机工业集团股份有限公司 | 一种飞机起落架收放开关机械寿命试验台及试验方法 |
CN114203481B (zh) * | 2022-02-16 | 2022-04-26 | 晟望电气有限公司 | 柱上真空断路器 |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3925722A (en) * | 1972-05-01 | 1975-12-09 | Gen Electric | Wear indicator for vacuum circuit interrupter |
JPH0276427U (de) * | 1988-08-11 | 1990-06-12 | ||
DE4427006A1 (de) * | 1994-07-29 | 1996-02-01 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Restlebensdauer von Kontakten in Schaltgeräten und zugehörige Anordnung |
DE19603319A1 (de) * | 1996-01-31 | 1997-08-07 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Restlebensdauer von Kontakten in Schaltgeräten und zugehörige Anordnung |
DE19544926C1 (de) * | 1995-12-01 | 1997-04-30 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Überwachen des Abbrandes der Kontaktstücke bei einem Schaltgerät |
DE19603310A1 (de) * | 1996-01-31 | 1997-08-07 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Restlebensdauer von Kontakten in Schaltgeräten und zugehörige Anordnung |
DE19734224C1 (de) * | 1997-08-07 | 1999-02-04 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung von schaltgerätespezifischen Daten an Kontakten in Schaltgeräten und/oder zur Bestimmung von betriebsspezifischen Daten im damit geschalteten Netz |
DE19915978A1 (de) * | 1999-04-09 | 2000-10-12 | Abb Patent Gmbh | Verfahren zur Messung des Kontaktabbrandes eines Mittel- oder Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalters |
DE10028559C1 (de) * | 2000-06-09 | 2001-11-22 | Siemens Ag | Elektromagnetisches Schaltgerät, insbesondere Schütz |
-
2002
- 2002-12-20 DE DE2002160249 patent/DE10260249B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-12-17 DE DE50307262T patent/DE50307262D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-12-17 EP EP03785582A patent/EP1573761B1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-12-17 WO PCT/DE2003/004173 patent/WO2004057634A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 2003-12-17 CN CNB2003801095352A patent/CN100413004C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2004057634A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1745443A (zh) | 2006-03-08 |
WO2004057634A1 (de) | 2004-07-08 |
EP1573761B1 (de) | 2007-05-09 |
DE50307262D1 (de) | 2007-06-21 |
CN100413004C (zh) | 2008-08-20 |
DE10260249B4 (de) | 2005-07-28 |
DE10260249A1 (de) | 2004-08-12 |
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