EP1573222A1 - Elastic chassis bearing for utility vehicles - Google Patents
Elastic chassis bearing for utility vehiclesInfo
- Publication number
- EP1573222A1 EP1573222A1 EP03785574A EP03785574A EP1573222A1 EP 1573222 A1 EP1573222 A1 EP 1573222A1 EP 03785574 A EP03785574 A EP 03785574A EP 03785574 A EP03785574 A EP 03785574A EP 1573222 A1 EP1573222 A1 EP 1573222A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- housing
- sleeve
- claw
- joint according
- joint
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
- F16F1/38—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers with a sleeve of elastic material between a rigid outer sleeve and a rigid inner sleeve or pin, i.e. bushing-type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
- F16F1/38—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers with a sleeve of elastic material between a rigid outer sleeve and a rigid inner sleeve or pin, i.e. bushing-type
- F16F1/3842—Method of assembly, production or treatment; Mounting thereof
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
- F16F1/38—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers with a sleeve of elastic material between a rigid outer sleeve and a rigid inner sleeve or pin, i.e. bushing-type
- F16F1/3863—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers with a sleeve of elastic material between a rigid outer sleeve and a rigid inner sleeve or pin, i.e. bushing-type characterised by the rigid sleeves or pin, e.g. of non-circular cross-section
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
- F16F1/38—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers with a sleeve of elastic material between a rigid outer sleeve and a rigid inner sleeve or pin, i.e. bushing-type
- F16F1/393—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers with a sleeve of elastic material between a rigid outer sleeve and a rigid inner sleeve or pin, i.e. bushing-type with spherical or conical sleeves
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
- B60G2204/10—Mounting of suspension elements
- B60G2204/14—Mounting of suspension arms
- B60G2204/143—Mounting of suspension arms on the vehicle body or chassis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
- B60G2204/40—Auxiliary suspension parts; Adjustment of suspensions
- B60G2204/41—Elastic mounts, e.g. bushings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
- B60G2204/40—Auxiliary suspension parts; Adjustment of suspensions
- B60G2204/416—Ball or spherical joints
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
- Y10T403/32—Articulated members
- Y10T403/32606—Pivoted
- Y10T403/32631—Universal ball and socket
- Y10T403/32713—Elastomerically biased or backed components
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
- Y10T403/32—Articulated members
- Y10T403/32606—Pivoted
- Y10T403/32631—Universal ball and socket
- Y10T403/32737—Universal ball and socket including liner, shim, or discrete seat
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a joint for the elastic connection of two machine parts, in particular in vehicle construction.
- the invention relates in particular to two variants of a joint which has a claw and a housing, the claw having a central region which is encompassed by the housing and two end regions to which one of the machine parts to be connected is fastened.
- a mechanical connection In vehicle construction, it is necessary to couple all kinds of mechanical elements at an angle. Such a mechanical connection usually takes place by means of an elastic joint, in which, among other things, a spherical connecting part, which connects the corresponding mesh elements, is enclosed by a housing.
- the spherical part of the connecting piece is supported in the housing in an elastic intermediate layer.
- the housing itself is usually pressed into a bearing eye of a motor vehicle part.
- Such joints are maintenance-free because the mobility is not achieved by sliding surfaces, but by deformation of the elastic intermediate layer. Because of the spherical part of the connecting piece, such a joint is referred to as a "ball joint".
- the ball-and-socket joint consists of two metallic halves (half-shells) placed flat against one another with their flat sides, from which cap-shaped hemispherical or semi-ellipsoidal contours are embossed on opposite sides.
- the combination of these two halves results in a so-called ball piece in the middle and so-called nozzles at both ends Bores or grooves for fixing the parts to be connected elastically by means of screw connections.
- FIG. 8 shows one of these two halves, also called "claw". The possibility of attaching mechanical parts to these halves explains the term "claw" used for such a part.
- the ball piece is inserted according to FIG. 7 into a cylindrical housing and is elastically connected to it via an articulated body made of elastic material (rubber), which was introduced by means of vulcanization.
- an articulated body made of elastic material (rubber), which was introduced by means of vulcanization.
- both claws are rigidly connected to the chassis or frame parts of the motor vehicle.
- the fastening is carried out by means of screws which are inserted into the groove shown.
- the housing or housings are usually integrated in struts or handlebars which elastically connect the corresponding chassis and frame parts.
- the corresponding half-shells (claws with ball piece) must be manufactured for each length variant in accordance with the required length.
- the respective production of a length variant is complex, especially since the forged part (embossed part) has so-called stiffness jumps due to its shape, which requires high-strength steel. Machining the half-shells is not sensible for cost reasons (time-consuming, high waste, etc.).
- the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a joint according to the preamble of claim 1, which is easier to manufacture and more flexible to use.
- a joint for elastic mechanical connection of two machine parts comprising a claw and a housing, the claw having a central region which is encompassed by the housing and two end regions to each of which one of the machine parts to be connected is fastened is.
- the claw adjusts according to the invention
- the housing consists of at least two concentrically nested bushings which together define a hollow cylinder, the space between which is poured out with elastic material, so that the claw encompassed by the innermost bush relative to the other bushes of the housing is cardan, torsional and is radially and axially movable.
- the invention comprises two configurations:
- a first embodiment is that the housing consists of three concentrically nested bushings.
- Each bushing is advantageously cylindrical and as such represents a cylinder sleeve.
- the middle cylinder sleeve advantageously has openings, as a result of which the cavities between the inner and middle as well as middle and outer Cylinder sleeve are connected. It is therefore possible that the entire space between the innermost and outermost bushing can be filled with elastic material.
- a second embodiment is that the housing consists of two concentrically nested bushings.
- the outer bush is cylindrical and, as such, represents a cylindrical sleeve.
- the inner bush has two bumps in the shape of two adjacent, outwardly directed spherical segment surfaces and, as such, represents a double spherical sleeve.
- the double ball sleeve is simply a cast part and can be inexpensively e.g. made of spheroidal graphite cast iron.
- the machine parts are fixed to the claw in the area of the claw that is not covered by means of bores.
- the claw is milled planarly on both sides in the area of the claw that is not encompassed.
- (C) generating a prestress of the cooled elastic material.
- the elastic material is advantageously pressed in on the end face.
- a pretension and an exact fit for the housing to be pressed in are produced in the cooled elastic material by cold compression of the outer bush.
- the double ball sleeve is mechanically reworked to create an exact fit for the claw to be pressed in.
- FIG. 1 shows in axial and transverse cross section a first embodiment of the joint according to the invention in the non-installed state
- Figure 2 shows in axial cross section the housing of the first invention
- FIG. 3 shows an exploded perspective view of the first embodiment in the non-installed state
- FIG. 4 shows, in axial and transverse cross section, a second embodiment of the joint according to the invention in the non-installed state
- FIG. 5 shows in axial cross section the housing according to the invention of the second embodiment before calibration
- FIG. 6 shows an exploded perspective view of the second embodiment in the non-installed state
- FIG. 7 shows a perspective illustration of a joint according to the prior art in the non-installed state
- Figure 8 shows a perspective view of a half-shell of the joint shown in Figure 7.
- Figure 1 shows in axial A and transverse B cross-section a first embodiment of the joint according to the invention in the non-installed state.
- the joint is essentially rotationally symmetrical and consists of a housing 13 into which a claw 1 (connecting element) is pressed in the middle in a suitable fit 4.
- the claw 1 has no spherical surfaces, which is why it is referred to below as a cylinder piece 1.
- the term "ball joint" used in the prior art is not correct in this embodiment according to the invention.
- the joint according to the invention is therefore referred to as a cylindrical joint.
- the cylinder piece has 2 bores 3 in the non-pressed-in area, which make it possible to screw the parts to be connected elastically.
- both sides are milled at one end of the cylinder piece 10 transversely to the axis of the bore 3.
- the housing 13 consists of three concentrically nested cylinder sleeves 5, 6, 7 of different diameters. In the case of FIG. 1, the innermost cylinder sleeve 5 is the longest and the outer cylinder sleeve 7 is the shortest.
- the cylindrical cavities 8, 9 resulting from the installation geometry are filled with elastic material, preferably rubber (shown hatched).
- the middle cylinder sleeve 6 has bores 12 (openings) through which the interior of the middle cylinder sleeve 9 is connected to that of the outer cylinder sleeve 8.
- the openings 12 have a diameter of several millimeters (approx. 5 mm) and can also be oval in shape.
- the outer cylinder sleeve 7 is - like the housing of a joint according to the prior art 18 - in a bearing eye stable part of the vehicle.
- the installation consists of an HIO fit; the press-in force is approx. 60kN + 10kN.
- the cylinder piece 1 is gimbaled via which the parts to be connected which are movable can be flexibly coupled by means of the elasticity of the housing interior. With such a suspension there is radial mobility and cardanic up to 12 °. The maximum torsion of the cylinder joint is approximately 26 °.
- a cylinder joint according to the present invention requires a suitable manufacturing process which is briefly outlined below:
- the cooled elastic material After casting, the cooled elastic material must be mechanically pre-stressed so that a desired elastic behavior of the housing 13 is achieved in the cold state.
- a preload is achieved in that the outer cylinder sleeve 7 is cold-pressed from the outside in a suitable device (for example by means of press jaws), as a result of which the outer diameter is reduced by approximately 3 mm.
- the inner cylinder sleeve 5 is also cold expanded (for example by means of expanding jaws or mandrel) from the inside, as a result of which the inner diameter increases by approximately 2 mm.
- the elastic material in the interior of the housing is thus depressed, partially evades laterally and fills the recesses 11. Overall, however, the rubber receives a pretension that increases the rigidity or the elasticity of the
- Cylinder joint defined.
- the expansion and / or compression of a cylinder sleeve 5, 7 is referred to in this context as "calibration".
- FIG. 3 an exploded view of the cylinder joint is shown.
- the perspective view of the housing shows the staggering of the nested cylinder sleeves 5, 6, 7.
- the middle cylinder sleeve 6 has four bores 12 in FIG.
- the number of holes can vary. Except for the surfaces 10 milled transversely to the bores, the cylinder piece is clearly recognizable as a rotationally symmetrical component (in terms of production: as a turned part).
- the length of the cylinder piece and the spacing of the bores 3 from one another can be varied independently of the housing 13.
- the housing 13 in this embodiment is the same for all cylinder pieces 1. After the calibration of the housing 13, the cylinder piece 1 is pressed into the housing 13 with a fit and a defined press-in force. An h9 fit is used; the press-in force is approx. 60kN ⁇ 10kN.
- FIG. 4 shows in the axial C and transverse D cross section a second embodiment of the joint according to the invention in the non-installed state.
- the cylinder piece 1 is identical to the joint according to the first embodiment (ie according to the cylinder joint).
- the housing 14 into which the cylinder piece 1 is also pressed in the middle in a suitable fit 4 (h9 fit / press fit) is again rotationally symmetrical.
- the housing 14 of a joint of this embodiment has only a single outer cylinder sleeve 7, which comprises a double ball sleeve 15 made of strong material.
- the space 16 between the cylinder sleeve 7 and the double ball sleeve 15 is filled with elastic material (e.g. rubber).
- the double ball sleeve 15 has a thickness of several millimeters (approx. 6 mm) and has two bump-shaped two adjacent outwardly directed spherical segment surfaces 17.
- the double ball sleeve 15 is a cast part and, as such, does not have to have high-quality material properties, in contrast to the forged half-shell 24 according to the articulated joint.
- it makes sense to use spheroidal graphite cast iron, short name GGG-40.3.
- the outer cylinder sleeve 7 When installed, as with the cylinder joint, the outer cylinder sleeve 7 is pressed into a bearing eye with the same fit and press-in force.
- the cardanic suspension of the cylinder piece 1 takes place via the double ball sleeve 15 cast in rubber, which is why the joint according to the invention of this second embodiment is to be referred to as a "double ball joint".
- the manufacturing process is similar to that of the cylinder joint:
- the pipe socket, which represents the cylinder sleeve 7, and the cast double ball sleeve 15, which is cast on the inside and machined according to the fit, are introduced concentrically into a casting mold.
- the resulting cavity 16, which has annular recesses 11 on the end face due to the subsequent calibration, is cast under the same conditions with elastic material (eg rubber).
- a housing 14 produced in this way is shown in the uncalibrated state in FIG. 5. After cooling, only the cylinder sleeve 7 is calibrated and thus the rubber is pre-tensioned (the double ball sleeve 15 is too thick-walled to be able to widen on the inside).
- FIG. 6 shows an exploded view of the double ball joint according to the invention.
- the housing 14 consists of only two parts (cylinder sleeve 7 and double ball sleeve 15) which are elastically connected by means of the rubber compound.
- the double ball sleeve 15 as a cast part has to be reworked on the front but mainly on the inside so that the cylinder piece 1 can be fitted precisely and non-positively.
- the cylinder piece 1 itself is identical to that of the cylinder joint and, due to the construction of both joints according to the invention (cylinder joint and double ball joint), it can only be manufactured shortly before assembly in accordance with the latest structural dimensions.
- both joints Due to the different construction of the respective housing 13, 14 of the cylinder joint and double ball joint, both joints have different gimbal properties and, in this respect, cover a wide range of applications.
- the area of application is defined by the kinematic and stationary forces of the parts to be coupled in the transverse, torsional and axial directions.
- the field of application can be expanded according to the invention by producing the housing 13, 14 with different diameters of the outer cylinder sleeve 7.
- the cylinder joint can have more than three cylinder sleeves, the radii of which can additionally be varied.
- a housing with a larger diameter of the outer cylinder sleeve 7 is expected to be able to be used under higher loads.
- the present invention is characterized by the dissolution of claw 19, 24 and ball piece 20 of a joint according to the prior art into separate components.
- the claw 19, 24 is reduced to a simple cylinder piece 1; the ball piece 20 is received in a novel housing 13, 14 or its functionality is taken over or replaced by a housing 13, 14 of new construction.
- the ball joint in particular for pneumatic suspensions in commercial vehicles - is disclosed in EP 1 092 891 A2.
- the ball joint consists of two metallic halves (half-shells) 24 with their flat sides laid flat against one another, from which cap-shaped hemispherical or semi-ellipsoidal contours 20 are embossed on opposite sides.
- the combination of these two halves results in a so-called ball piece in the middle and so-called connecting pieces 19 with bores 21 or grooves 22 at both ends for fixing the parts to be connected elastically by means of
- FIG. 8 shows one of these two halves 24, also called “claw".
- the possibility of attaching 24 mechanical parts to these halves explains the term "claw" used for such a part.
- the ball piece is inserted according to FIG. 7 into a cylindrical housing 18 and is elastically connected to it via an articulated body made of elastic material (rubber) 23, which was introduced by means of vulcanization.
- Both claws are rigidly connected to the chassis or frame parts of the motor vehicle by means of the ends 19 of the two halves 24 projecting on both sides.
- the fastening is carried out by means of screws which are inserted into the illustrated groove 22.
- the housing or housings 18 are usually integrated into struts or (three-point, four-point, etc.) handlebars which elastically connect the corresponding chassis and frame parts. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Pivots And Pivotal Connections (AREA)
- Support Of The Bearing (AREA)
- Component Parts Of Construction Machinery (AREA)
- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
- Springs (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an elastic chassis bearing for utility vehicles, which embodies a joint. The invention especially relates to two variations of a joint used for elastically mechanically connecting two machine parts, particularly in vehicle construction. Said elastic chassis bearing comprises a lug (1) and a housing (13, 14). The lug (1) is provided with a central area (4) and two final areas (2) and represents a rotationally symmetric swivel part while the housing (13, 14) encompasses at least two bushes (5, 6, 7; 7, 15) which are concentrically inserted into each other and jointly define a hollow cylinder. The intermediate space (8, 9, 16) of said hollow cylinder is filled with an elastic material such that the lug (1) that is embraced by the innermost bush (5, 15) can be cardanically moved relative to the other bush (7) or bushes (6, 7) of the housing (13, 14).
Description
Elastisches Fahrwerklager für Nutzfahrzeuge Elastic chassis bearing for commercial vehicles
Beschreibungdescription
Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Gelenk zur elastischen Verbindung zweier Maschinenteile, insbesondere im Fahrzeugbau. Die Erfindung betrifft insbesondere zwei Varianten eines Gelenks, das eine Pratze und ein Gehäuse aufweist, wobei die Pratze einen mittleren Bereich aufweist der von dem Gehäuse umfasst ist und zwei Endbereiche an denen jeweils eines der zu verbindenden Maschinenteile befestigt ist.The present invention relates to a joint for the elastic connection of two machine parts, in particular in vehicle construction. The invention relates in particular to two variants of a joint which has a claw and a housing, the claw having a central region which is encompassed by the housing and two end regions to which one of the machine parts to be connected is fastened.
Im Fahrzeugbau ist es notwendig Maschmenelemente aller Art winkelbeweglich zu koppeln. Üblicherweise erfolgt eine derartige mechanische Verbindung durch ein elastisches Gelenk, bei dem ein unter anderem kugelförmiges Verbindungsteil, welches die entsprechenden Maschmenelemente verbindet, von einem Gehäuse umfasst wird. Der kugelförmige Teil des Verbindungsstückes ist in dem Gehäuse in einer elastischen Zwischenschicht gelagert. Das Gehäuse selbst ist zumeist in ein Lagerauge eines Kraftfahrzeugteils eingepresst. Derartige Gelenke sind wartungsfrei, weil die Beweglichkeit nicht durch aufeinander gleitende Flächen, sondern durch Verformung der elastischen Zwischenschicht erreicht wird. Aufgrund des kugelförmigen Teils des Verbindungsstückes wird ein derartiges Gelenk als "Kugelgelenk" bezeichnet.In vehicle construction, it is necessary to couple all kinds of mechanical elements at an angle. Such a mechanical connection usually takes place by means of an elastic joint, in which, among other things, a spherical connecting part, which connects the corresponding mesh elements, is enclosed by a housing. The spherical part of the connecting piece is supported in the housing in an elastic intermediate layer. The housing itself is usually pressed into a bearing eye of a motor vehicle part. Such joints are maintenance-free because the mobility is not achieved by sliding surfaces, but by deformation of the elastic intermediate layer. Because of the spherical part of the connecting piece, such a joint is referred to as a "ball joint".
Ein solches Kugelgelenk - insbesondere für pneumatische Aufhängungen in Nutzfahrzeugen - ist in EP 1 092 891 A2 offenbart. Das Kugelgelenk besteht aus zwei mit ihren ebenen Seiten flach gegeneinander gelegten metallischen Hälften (Halbschalen), aus denen kappenförmig halbkugelförmige bzw. halbellipsoide Konturen nach einander entgegengesetzten Seiten herausgeprägt sind. Die Kombination dieser beiden Hälften ergibt in der Mitte ein sogenanntes Kugelstück und an beiden Enden sogenannte Stutzen mit
Bohrungen oder Nuten zur Fixierung der elastisch zu verbindenden Teile mittels Verschraubungen. In Figur 8 ist eine dieser beiden Hälften auch "Pratze" genannt, abgebildet. Die Möglichkeit, an diesen Hälften mechanische Teile zu befestigen, erklärt den für ein solches Teil verwendeten Begriff "Pratze". Das Kugelstück ist gemäß Figur 7 in ein zylindrisches Gehäuse eingesetzt und mit diesem über einen Gelenkkörper aus elastischem Material (Gummi), welcher mittels Vulkanisation eingebracht wurde, elastisch verbunden. Mittels der an beiden Seiten herausragenden Enden der beiden Hälften sind beide Pratzen mit Fahrwerks- bzw. Rahmenteilen des Kraftfahrzeugs starr verbunden. Speziell bei einer Ausführungsform gemäß Figur 7 erfolgt die Befestigung mittels Schrauben die in die dargestellte Nut eingeführt werden. Das oder die Gehäuse sind üblicherweise in Streben bzw. Lenker integriert welche die entsprechenden Fahrwerks- und Rahmenteile elastisch verbinden.Such a ball joint - in particular for pneumatic suspensions in commercial vehicles - is disclosed in EP 1 092 891 A2. The ball-and-socket joint consists of two metallic halves (half-shells) placed flat against one another with their flat sides, from which cap-shaped hemispherical or semi-ellipsoidal contours are embossed on opposite sides. The combination of these two halves results in a so-called ball piece in the middle and so-called nozzles at both ends Bores or grooves for fixing the parts to be connected elastically by means of screw connections. FIG. 8 shows one of these two halves, also called "claw". The possibility of attaching mechanical parts to these halves explains the term "claw" used for such a part. The ball piece is inserted according to FIG. 7 into a cylindrical housing and is elastically connected to it via an articulated body made of elastic material (rubber), which was introduced by means of vulcanization. By means of the ends of the two halves projecting on both sides, both claws are rigidly connected to the chassis or frame parts of the motor vehicle. In an embodiment according to FIG. 7 in particular, the fastening is carried out by means of screws which are inserted into the groove shown. The housing or housings are usually integrated in struts or handlebars which elastically connect the corresponding chassis and frame parts.
Bei einem als Gummi-Metall-Teil ausgebildeten Kugelstück zur Fahrwerklagerung gemäß des eben beschriebenen Standes der Technik müssen für jede Längenvariante die entsprechenden Halbschalen (Pratzen mit Kugelstück) entsprechend der erforderlichen Länge gefertigt werden. Dies bedeutet einerseits, dass für jede Variante ein kompletter Werkzeugsatz zur Fertigung erforderlich ist. Andererseits ist die jeweilige Fertigung einer Längenvariante aufwendig, zumal das Schmiedeteil (Prägeteil) aufgrund seiner Form sogenannte Steifigkeitssprünge aufweist, was hochfesten Stahl erfordert. Eine spanabhebende Fertigung der Halbschalen ist aus Kostengründen (zeitaufwendig, hoher Verschnitt etc.) nicht sinnvoll.In the case of a ball piece designed as a rubber-metal part for chassis mounting according to the prior art just described, the corresponding half-shells (claws with ball piece) must be manufactured for each length variant in accordance with the required length. On the one hand, this means that a complete tool set for production is required for each variant. On the other hand, the respective production of a length variant is complex, especially since the forged part (embossed part) has so-called stiffness jumps due to its shape, which requires high-strength steel. Machining the half-shells is not sensible for cost reasons (time-consuming, high waste, etc.).
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher, ein Gelenk gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1 bereitzustellen, das einfacher herstellbar und flexibler einsetzbar ist.The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a joint according to the preamble of claim 1, which is easier to manufacture and more flexible to use.
Die oben genannte Aufgabe wird durch ein Gelenk gemäß den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Die abhängigen Ansprüche bilden den zentralen Gedanken der Erfindung in besonders vorteilhafter Weise weiter.The above object is achieved by a joint according to the features of claim 1. The dependent claims further develop the central idea of the invention in a particularly advantageous manner.
Beansprucht wird gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung ein Gelenk zur elastischen mechanischen Verbindung zweier Maschinenteile insbesondere im Fahrzeugbau, aufweisend eine Pratze und ein Gehäuse, wobei die Pratze einen mittleren Bereich aufweist der von dem Gehäuse umfasst ist und zwei Endbereiche an denen jeweils eines der zu verbindenden Maschinenteile befestigt ist. Erfindungsgemäß stellt dabei die Pratze ein
rotationssymmetrisches Drehteil dar. Das Gehäuse besteht aus zumindest zwei konzentrisch ineinandergesteckten Buchsen welche zusammen einen Hohlzylinder definieren, dessen Zwischenraum mit elastischem Material ausgegossen ist, so dass die von der innersten Buchse umfasste Pratze relativ zu der bzw. den anderen Buchsen des Gehäuses kardanisch, torsional sowie radial und axial beweglich ist.According to the present invention, a joint for elastic mechanical connection of two machine parts, in particular in vehicle construction, is claimed, comprising a claw and a housing, the claw having a central region which is encompassed by the housing and two end regions to each of which one of the machine parts to be connected is fastened is. The claw adjusts according to the invention The housing consists of at least two concentrically nested bushings which together define a hollow cylinder, the space between which is poured out with elastic material, so that the claw encompassed by the innermost bush relative to the other bushes of the housing is cardan, torsional and is radially and axially movable.
Ein derartiges erfindungsgemäßes Gelenk hat folgende Vorteile:Such a joint according to the invention has the following advantages:
Zum einen ist die Außenbemaßung eines solchen Gehäuses (innerhalb einer Baugruppe) als Gummi-Metall-Einheit immer gleich und kann dadurch entsprechend auf Vorrat produziert werden.On the one hand, the external dimensions of such a housing (within an assembly) as a rubber-metal unit are always the same and can therefore be produced accordingly.
Zum anderen hat eine Reduzierung der Pratze auf ein einfaches DrehteilSecondly, reducing the claw to a simple turned part
- eine vereinfachte und daher kostengünstigere Fertigung, - die Verwendung kostengünstigeren Materials (z.B. unvergüteter Rundstahl),- a simplified and therefore less expensive production, - the use of less expensive material (e.g. unrefined round steel),
- die Fertigung erst kurz vor der Montage bzw.- production only shortly before assembly or
- eine schnelle Variantenbildung während der Montage z.B. in einem automatisierten Prozess zur Folge.- a quick formation of variants during assembly e.g. in an automated process.
Ferner erfolgt eine erhebliche Reduzierung der Varianten dieThere is also a significant reduction in the number of variants
- eine Erleichterung und höhere Flexibilität in der Bevorratung,- a relief and greater flexibility in storage,
- sowie eine Kostensenkung durch Wegfall von variantenspezifischen Werkzeugkosten (z.B. Schmiedegesenke etc.) und somit- and a cost reduction by eliminating variant-specific tool costs (e.g. forging dies etc.) and thus
- insgesamt eine höhere Flexibilität bei der Fertigungslogistik nach sich zieht.- All in all, greater flexibility in manufacturing logistics results.
Die Erfindung umfasst zwei Ausgestaltungen:The invention comprises two configurations:
Eine erste Ausgestaltung besteht darin, dass das Gehäuse aus drei konzentrisch ineinandergesteckten Buchsen besteht. Vorteilhafterweise ist jede Buchse zylinderförmig und stellt als solche eine Zylinderhülse dar.A first embodiment is that the housing consists of three concentrically nested bushings. Each bushing is advantageously cylindrical and as such represents a cylinder sleeve.
Aus fertigungstechnischen Gründen weist die mittlere Zylinderhülse vorteilhaft Öffnungen auf wodurch die Hohlräume zwischen innerer und mittlerer sowie mittlerer und äußerer
Zylinderhülse verbunden sind. Somit ist es möglich, dass der gesamte Zwischenraum zwischen innerster und äußerster Buchse mit elastischem Material ausgegossen werden kann.For reasons of production engineering, the middle cylinder sleeve advantageously has openings, as a result of which the cavities between the inner and middle as well as middle and outer Cylinder sleeve are connected. It is therefore possible that the entire space between the innermost and outermost bushing can be filled with elastic material.
Eine zweite Ausgestaltung besteht darin, dass das Gehäuse aus zwei konzentrisch ineinandergesteckten Buchsen besteht.A second embodiment is that the housing consists of two concentrically nested bushings.
Vorteilhafterweise ist die äußere Buchse zylmderförmig und stellt als solche eine Zylinderhülse dar. Die innere Buchse weist doppelhöckerförmig zwei benachbarte nach Außen gerichtete Kugelsegmentflächen auf und stellt als solche eine Doppelkugelhülse dar.Advantageously, the outer bush is cylindrical and, as such, represents a cylindrical sleeve. The inner bush has two bumps in the shape of two adjacent, outwardly directed spherical segment surfaces and, as such, represents a double spherical sleeve.
Die Doppelkugelhülse stellt einfacherweise ein Gussteil dar und kann kostengünstig z.B. aus Kugelgraphitguss gefertigt werden.The double ball sleeve is simply a cast part and can be inexpensively e.g. made of spheroidal graphite cast iron.
Die Fixierung der Maschinenteile an der Pratze in dem nicht umfassten Bereich der Pratze erfolgt über Bohrungen. Aus Gründen einer besseren Auflage der zu fixierenden Teile ist im nichtumfassten Bereich der Pratze auf beiden Seiten die Pratze transversal zu den Bohrungen planar angefräst.The machine parts are fixed to the claw in the area of the claw that is not covered by means of bores. For reasons of a better support of the parts to be fixed, the claw is milled planarly on both sides in the area of the claw that is not encompassed.
Vorteilhafterweise ist bei beiden Ausführungsformen an eine Fertigung unterschiedlicher Baugruppen von Gehäusen gedacht, die sich jeweils durch einen unterschiedlichen Außendurchmesser der äußeren Buchsen insbesondere der äußersten Buchse, unterscheiden und somit unterschiedlich kardanisch.es Verhalten zeigen. Dadurch wird ein größerer Einsatzbereich des jeweiligen Gelenks abgedeckt.In both embodiments, it is advantageous to manufacture different assemblies of housings, each of which differs by a different outer diameter of the outer bushings, in particular the outermost bushing, and thus shows different gimbal behavior. This covers a larger area of application of the respective joint.
Erfindungsgemäß wird ferner ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Gehäuses für ein Gelenk nach den vorhergehenden Ansprüchen beansprucht, aufweisend die folgenden Schritte:According to the invention, a method for producing a housing for a joint according to the preceding claims is further claimed, comprising the following steps:
(A) Konzentrisches Fixieren der Buchsen in einer Guss- bzw. Vulkanisierungsform,(A) concentrically fixing the bushings in a casting or vulcanization mold,
(B) Einspritzen eines elastischen Materials in den Zwischenraum des durch die Anordnung der Buchsen erzeugten Hohlzylinders,(B) injecting an elastic material into the space of the hollow cylinder produced by the arrangement of the bushings,
(C) Erzeugen einer Vorspannung des erkalteten elastischen Materials.
Vorteilhafterweise wird das elastische Material stirnseitig eingepresst.(C) generating a prestress of the cooled elastic material. The elastic material is advantageously pressed in on the end face.
Erfindungsgemäß wird in dem erkalteten elastischen Material durch kaltes Zusammenpressen der äußeren Buchse eine Vorspannung sowie eine exakte Passung für das einzupressende Gehäuse erzeugt.According to the invention, a pretension and an exact fit for the housing to be pressed in are produced in the cooled elastic material by cold compression of the outer bush.
Im Falle einer Zylinderhülse als innere Buchse wird die Vorspannung des erkalteten elastischen Materials durch kaltes Aufweiten der innersten Zylinderhülse noch verstärkt sowie eine exakte Passung für die einzupressende Pratze erzeugt.In the case of a cylinder sleeve as the inner sleeve, the prestressing of the cooled elastic material is further increased by cold expansion of the innermost cylinder sleeve and an exact fit for the claw to be pressed in is produced.
Im Falle einer Doppelkugelhülse als innerer Buchse wird die Doppelkugelhülse mechanisch nachbearbeitet um eine exakte Passung für die einzupressende Pratze zu erzeugen.In the case of a double ball sleeve as the inner bushing, the double ball sleeve is mechanically reworked to create an exact fit for the claw to be pressed in.
Weitere Merkmale, Eigenschaften und Vorteile der vorliegenden Erfindung werden nunmehr anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen und unter Bezugnahme auf die begleitenden Figuren der Zeichnungen erläutert.Further features, properties and advantages of the present invention will now be explained on the basis of exemplary embodiments and with reference to the accompanying figures of the drawings.
Figur 1 zeigt im axialen sowie transversalen Querschnitt eine erste Ausführungsform des erfϊndungsgemäßen Gelenks im nichteingebauten Zustand,FIG. 1 shows in axial and transverse cross section a first embodiment of the joint according to the invention in the non-installed state,
Figur 2 zeigt im axialen Querschnitt das erfindungsgemäße Gehäuse der erstenFigure 2 shows in axial cross section the housing of the first invention
Ausfuhrungsform vor einer Kalibrierung,Embodiment before calibration,
Figur 3 zeigt eine perspektivische Explosionszeichnung der ersten Ausführungsform im nichteingebautem Zustand,FIG. 3 shows an exploded perspective view of the first embodiment in the non-installed state,
Figur 4 zeigt im axialen sowie transversalen Querschnitt eine zweite Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Gelenks im nichteingebauten Zustand,FIG. 4 shows, in axial and transverse cross section, a second embodiment of the joint according to the invention in the non-installed state,
Figur 5 zeigt im axialen Querschnitt das erfindungsgemäße Gehäuse der zweiten Ausführungsform vor einer Kalibrierung,
Figur 6 zeigt eine perspektivische Explosionszeichnung der zweiten Ausführungsform im nichteingebautem Zustand,FIG. 5 shows in axial cross section the housing according to the invention of the second embodiment before calibration, FIG. 6 shows an exploded perspective view of the second embodiment in the non-installed state,
Figur 7 zeigt eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Gelenkes nach dem Stand der Technik im nichteingebautem Zustand,FIG. 7 shows a perspective illustration of a joint according to the prior art in the non-installed state,
Figur 8 zeigt eine perspektivische Darstellung einer Halbschale des in Figur 7 dargestellten Gelenkes.Figure 8 shows a perspective view of a half-shell of the joint shown in Figure 7.
Der Stand der Technik wird anhand der Figuren 7 und 8 dargestellt und erläutert.The prior art is illustrated and explained with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8.
Figur 1 zeigt im axialen A- sowie transversalen B-Querschnitt eine erste Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Gelenks im nichteingebauten Zustand. Das Gelenk ist im wesentlichen rotationssymmetrisch und besteht aus einem Gehäuse 13 in welches eine Pratze 1 (Verbindungselement) in einer geeigneten Passung 4 mittig eingepresst ist. Im Vergleich zu einem Gelenk gemäß dem Stand der Technik weist die Pratze 1 keine Kugelflächen auf, weshalb sie im Folgenden als Zylinderstück 1 bezeichnet wird. Aus demselben Grunde ist auch die im Stand der Technik geführte Bezeichnung "Kugelgelenk" bei dieser erfindungsgemäßen Ausfülirungsform nicht korrekt. Das erfϊndungsgemäße Gelenk wird daher als Zylindergelenk bezeichnet. Das Zylinderstück weist in dem nicht-eingepressten Bereich 2 Bohrungen 3 auf die es ermöglichen, die elastisch zu verbindenden Teile festzuschrauben. Um eine stabilisierende Auflage- bzw. Befestigungsfläche zu erhalten sind beide Seiten an jeweils einem Ende des Zylinderstücks 10 transversal zur Achse der Bohrung 3 angefräst. Das Gehäuse 13 besteht aus drei konzentrisch ineinandergeschobenen Zylinderhülsen 5, 6, 7 unterschiedlichen Durchmessers. Im Fall der Figur 1 ist die innerste Zylinderhülse 5 am längsten, die äußere Zylinderhülse 7 am kürzesten. Die sich aufgrund der Einbaugeometrie ergebenden zylindrischen Hohlräume 8, 9 sind mit elastischen Material gefüllt, vorzugsweise Gummi (schraffiert dargestellt). Aus herstellungstechnischen Gründen (auf das Herstellungsverfahren wird noch genauer eingegangen) weist die mittlere Zylinderhülse 6 Bohrungen 12 (Öffnungen) auf, über die der Innenraum der mittleren Zylinderhülse 9 mit dem der äußeren Zylinderhülse 8 verbunden ist. Die Öffnungen 12 besitzen einen Durchmesser von mehreren Millimetern (ca. 5mm) und können auch oval geformt sein. Die äußere Zylinderhülse 7 wird - wie das Gehäuse eines Gelenkes nach dem Stand der Technik 18 - in ein Lagerauge eines
stabilen Fahrzeugteiles eingepresst. Der Einbau besteht in einer HIO-Passung; die Einpresskraft beträgt ca. 60kN+10kN. Insofern erfährt das Zylinderstück 1 eine kardanische Aufhängung über die mittels der Elastizität des Gehäuse-Inneren die beweglich zu verbindenden Teile flexibel gekoppelt sind. Mit einer derartigen Aufhängung ist eine radiale Beweglichkeit und eine Kardanik bis zu 12° gegeben. Die maximale Torsion des Zylindergelenks beträgt etwa 26°.Figure 1 shows in axial A and transverse B cross-section a first embodiment of the joint according to the invention in the non-installed state. The joint is essentially rotationally symmetrical and consists of a housing 13 into which a claw 1 (connecting element) is pressed in the middle in a suitable fit 4. Compared to a joint according to the prior art, the claw 1 has no spherical surfaces, which is why it is referred to below as a cylinder piece 1. For the same reason, the term "ball joint" used in the prior art is not correct in this embodiment according to the invention. The joint according to the invention is therefore referred to as a cylindrical joint. The cylinder piece has 2 bores 3 in the non-pressed-in area, which make it possible to screw the parts to be connected elastically. In order to obtain a stabilizing support or fastening surface, both sides are milled at one end of the cylinder piece 10 transversely to the axis of the bore 3. The housing 13 consists of three concentrically nested cylinder sleeves 5, 6, 7 of different diameters. In the case of FIG. 1, the innermost cylinder sleeve 5 is the longest and the outer cylinder sleeve 7 is the shortest. The cylindrical cavities 8, 9 resulting from the installation geometry are filled with elastic material, preferably rubber (shown hatched). For manufacturing reasons (the manufacturing process will be discussed in more detail), the middle cylinder sleeve 6 has bores 12 (openings) through which the interior of the middle cylinder sleeve 9 is connected to that of the outer cylinder sleeve 8. The openings 12 have a diameter of several millimeters (approx. 5 mm) and can also be oval in shape. The outer cylinder sleeve 7 is - like the housing of a joint according to the prior art 18 - in a bearing eye stable part of the vehicle. The installation consists of an HIO fit; the press-in force is approx. 60kN + 10kN. In this respect, the cylinder piece 1 is gimbaled via which the parts to be connected which are movable can be flexibly coupled by means of the elasticity of the housing interior. With such a suspension there is radial mobility and cardanic up to 12 °. The maximum torsion of the cylinder joint is approximately 26 °.
Ein Zylindergelenk gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung erfordert ein geeignetes Herstellungsverfahren welches im Folgenden kurz skizziert wird:A cylinder joint according to the present invention requires a suitable manufacturing process which is briefly outlined below:
Als Zylinderhülsen 5, 6, 7 werden gewöhnliche Rohrstutzen verwendet, üblicherweise aus Stahl. Diese werden in eine Gussform konzentrisch eingesetzt und fixiert. Bei etwa 80°C und 200bar wird das in diesem Zustand hochviskose bzw. flüssige elastische Material (z.B. Gummi) stirnseitig eingespritzt. Durch den hohen Druck verteilt sich das elastische Material über die Öffnungen 12 der mittleren Zylinderhülse 6 im gesamten Inneren des Gehäuses 13. Die Gussform weist an den Stirnseiten ringförmige Aussparungen 11 auf. Ein derartig vergossenes Gehäuse 13 ist in Figur 2 dargestellt.Ordinary pipe sockets are used as cylinder sleeves 5, 6, 7, usually made of steel. These are inserted and fixed concentrically in a mold. At about 80 ° C and 200bar, the highly viscous or liquid elastic material (e.g. rubber) is injected on the face side. Due to the high pressure, the elastic material is distributed over the openings 12 of the central cylinder sleeve 6 in the entire interior of the housing 13. The mold has annular recesses 11 on the end faces. Such a cast housing 13 is shown in Figure 2.
Nach dem Verguss muss das erkaltete elastische Material mechanisch vorgespannt werden damit im kalten Zustand ein gewünschtes Elastizitätsverhalten des Gehäuses 13 erreicht wird. Eine derartige Vorspannung erreicht man dadurch, dass die äußere Zylinderhülse 7 von außen in einer geeigneten Vorrichtung (beispielsweise mittels Press-Backen) kalt zusammengepresst wird, wodurch sich der Außendurchmesser um etwa 3mm verkleinert. Die innere Zylinderhülse 5 wird (beispielsweise mittels Spreiz-Backen oder Dorn) ebenfalls kalt von innen aufgeweitet, wodurch sich der Innendurchmesser um etwa 2mm vergrößert. Das elastische Material im Inneren des Gehäuses erfährt so eine Bedrückung, weicht zum Teil seitlich aus und füllt die Aussparungen 11. Insgesamt jedoch erhält der Gummi eine Vorspannung der die Steifigkeit bzw. die Elastizität desAfter casting, the cooled elastic material must be mechanically pre-stressed so that a desired elastic behavior of the housing 13 is achieved in the cold state. Such a preload is achieved in that the outer cylinder sleeve 7 is cold-pressed from the outside in a suitable device (for example by means of press jaws), as a result of which the outer diameter is reduced by approximately 3 mm. The inner cylinder sleeve 5 is also cold expanded (for example by means of expanding jaws or mandrel) from the inside, as a result of which the inner diameter increases by approximately 2 mm. The elastic material in the interior of the housing is thus depressed, partially evades laterally and fills the recesses 11. Overall, however, the rubber receives a pretension that increases the rigidity or the elasticity of the
Zylindergelenks definiert. Das Aufweiten und/oder Zusammenpressen einer Zylinderhülse 5, 7 wird in diesem Zusammenhang als "Kalibrieren" bezeichnet.Cylinder joint defined. The expansion and / or compression of a cylinder sleeve 5, 7 is referred to in this context as "calibration".
In Figur 3 ist eine Explosionszeichnung des Zylindergelenks dargestellt. Die perspektivische Darstellung des Gehäuses lässt die Staffelung der ineinandergesteckten Zylinderhülsen 5, 6, 7 erkennen. Die mittlere Zylinderhülse 6
weist in der Figur 3 vier Bohrungen 12 auf. Die Anzahl der Bohrungen kann variieren. Das Zylinderstück ist - bis auf die transversal zu den Bohrungen gefrästen Flächen 10 - gut als rotationssymmetrisches Bauteil (fertigungstechnisch: als Drehteil) erkennbar. Die Länge des Zylinderstücks sowie der Abstand der Bohrungen 3 zueinander kann unabhängig vom Gehäuse 13 variiert werden. Das Gehäuse 13 in dieser Ausführungsform ist für alle Zylinderstücke 1 gleich. Nach der Kalibrierung des Gehäuses 13 wird das Zylinderstück 1 mit Passung und einer definierten Einpresskraft in das Gehäuse 13 eingepresst. Es wird eine h9-Passung verwendet; die Einpresskraft beträgt ca. 60kN±10kN.In Figure 3, an exploded view of the cylinder joint is shown. The perspective view of the housing shows the staggering of the nested cylinder sleeves 5, 6, 7. The middle cylinder sleeve 6 has four bores 12 in FIG. The number of holes can vary. Except for the surfaces 10 milled transversely to the bores, the cylinder piece is clearly recognizable as a rotationally symmetrical component (in terms of production: as a turned part). The length of the cylinder piece and the spacing of the bores 3 from one another can be varied independently of the housing 13. The housing 13 in this embodiment is the same for all cylinder pieces 1. After the calibration of the housing 13, the cylinder piece 1 is pressed into the housing 13 with a fit and a defined press-in force. An h9 fit is used; the press-in force is approx. 60kN ± 10kN.
Figur 4 zeigt im axialen C- sowie transversalen D-Querschnitt eine zweite Ausfijhrungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Gelenks im nichteingebauten Zustand. Das Zylinderstück 1 ist identisch mit dem Gelenk gemäß der ersten Ausführungsform (also gemäß dem Zylindergelenk). Das Gehäuse 14 in welches das Zylinderstück 1 ebenfalls in einer geeigneten Passung 4 mittig eingepresst ist (h9-Passung/Preßsitz) ist wiederum rotationssymmetrisch. Im Vergleich zu dem Zylindergelenk jedoch weist das Gehäuse 14 eines Gelenkes dieser Ausführungsform nur eine einzige äußere Zylinderhülse 7 auf, die eine materialstarke Doppelkugelhülse 15 umfasst. Der Raum 16 zwischen Zylinderhülse 7 und Doppelkugelhülse 15 ist mit elastischem Material (z.B. Gummi) ausgegossen. Die Doppelkugelhülse 15 hat eine Stärke von mehreren Millimetern (ca. 6mm) und weist doppelhöckerförmig zwei benachbarte nach Außen gerichtete Kugelsegmentflächen 17 auf. Die Doppelkugelhülse 15 ist erfindungsgemäß ein Gussteil und muss als solches keine hochwertigen Materialeigenschaften aufweisen im Gegensatz zur geschmiedeten Halbschale 24 gemäß dem Gelenk nach dem Stand der Technik. Sinnvoll ist beispielsweise die Verwendung von Kugelgraphitguss, Kurzbezeichnung GGG-40.3.FIG. 4 shows in the axial C and transverse D cross section a second embodiment of the joint according to the invention in the non-installed state. The cylinder piece 1 is identical to the joint according to the first embodiment (ie according to the cylinder joint). The housing 14 into which the cylinder piece 1 is also pressed in the middle in a suitable fit 4 (h9 fit / press fit) is again rotationally symmetrical. In comparison to the cylinder joint, however, the housing 14 of a joint of this embodiment has only a single outer cylinder sleeve 7, which comprises a double ball sleeve 15 made of strong material. The space 16 between the cylinder sleeve 7 and the double ball sleeve 15 is filled with elastic material (e.g. rubber). The double ball sleeve 15 has a thickness of several millimeters (approx. 6 mm) and has two bump-shaped two adjacent outwardly directed spherical segment surfaces 17. According to the invention, the double ball sleeve 15 is a cast part and, as such, does not have to have high-quality material properties, in contrast to the forged half-shell 24 according to the articulated joint. For example, it makes sense to use spheroidal graphite cast iron, short name GGG-40.3.
Im eingebauten Zustand wird - wie bei dem Zylindergelenk - die äußere Zylinderhülse 7 mit gleicher Passung und Einpresskraft in ein Lagerauge eingepresst. Die kardanische Aufhängung des Zylinderstückes 1 erfolgt über die in Gummi eingegossene Doppelkugelhülse 15 weshalb das erfindungsgemäße Gelenk dieser zweiten Ausführungsform als "Doppelkugelgelenk" bezeichnet werden soll.When installed, as with the cylinder joint, the outer cylinder sleeve 7 is pressed into a bearing eye with the same fit and press-in force. The cardanic suspension of the cylinder piece 1 takes place via the double ball sleeve 15 cast in rubber, which is why the joint according to the invention of this second embodiment is to be referred to as a "double ball joint".
Das Herstellungsverfahren ist ähnlich wie das des Zylindergelenkes:
In eine Gussform wird der die Zylinderhülse 7 darstellende Rohrstutzen und die gegossene und an der Stirnseite und gemäß der Passung innen bearbeitete Doppelkugelhülse 15 konzentrisch eingeführt. Der sich ergebende Hohlraum 16, der wegen der späteren Kalibrierung stirnseitig ringförmige Aussparungen 11 aufweist, wird unter gleichen Bedingungen mit elastischem Material (z.B. Gummi) vergossen. Ein derart hergestelltes Gehäuse 14 ist im unkalibrierten Zustand in Figur 5 dargestellt. Nach dem Erkalten wird nur die Zylinderhülse 7 kalibriert und damit der Gummi vorgespannt (Die Doppelkugelhülse 15 ist zu dickwandig als dass man diese innen aufweiten könnte).The manufacturing process is similar to that of the cylinder joint: The pipe socket, which represents the cylinder sleeve 7, and the cast double ball sleeve 15, which is cast on the inside and machined according to the fit, are introduced concentrically into a casting mold. The resulting cavity 16, which has annular recesses 11 on the end face due to the subsequent calibration, is cast under the same conditions with elastic material (eg rubber). A housing 14 produced in this way is shown in the uncalibrated state in FIG. 5. After cooling, only the cylinder sleeve 7 is calibrated and thus the rubber is pre-tensioned (the double ball sleeve 15 is too thick-walled to be able to widen on the inside).
In Figur 6 ist eine Explosionszeichnung des erfindungsgemäßen Doppelkugelgelenks dargestellt. Das Gehäuse 14 besteht - im Gegensatz zum Zylindergelenk - aus nur zwei Teilen (Zylinderhülse 7 und Doppelkugelhülse 15) die mittels der Gummimasse elastisch verbunden sind. Die Doppelkugelhülse 15 als Gussteil muss vor dem Einbau stirnseitig hauptsächlich aber im Inneren nachbearbeitet werden, damit das Zylinderstück 1 exakt und kraftschlüssig eingepasst werden kann. Das Zylinderstück 1 selbst ist identisch mit dem des Zylindergelenks und kann aufgrund der Konstruktion beider erfindungsgemäßen Gelenke (Zylindergelenk und Doppelkugelgelenk) erst kurz vor der Montage entsprechend den aktuellsten konstruktiven Abmessungen gefertigt werden.FIG. 6 shows an exploded view of the double ball joint according to the invention. In contrast to the cylinder joint, the housing 14 consists of only two parts (cylinder sleeve 7 and double ball sleeve 15) which are elastically connected by means of the rubber compound. The double ball sleeve 15 as a cast part has to be reworked on the front but mainly on the inside so that the cylinder piece 1 can be fitted precisely and non-positively. The cylinder piece 1 itself is identical to that of the cylinder joint and, due to the construction of both joints according to the invention (cylinder joint and double ball joint), it can only be manufactured shortly before assembly in accordance with the latest structural dimensions.
Aufgrund der unterschiedlichen Bauweise der jeweiligen Gehäuse 13, 14 von Zylindergelenk und Doppelkugelgelenk besitzen beide Gelenke unterschiedliche kardanische Eigenschaften und decken insofern einen weiten Einsatzbereich ab. Der Einsatzbereich ist definiert durch kinematische und stationäre Kräfte der zu koppelnden Teile in transversaler, torsionaler sowie axialer Richtung. Der Anwendungsbereich kann erfindungsgemäß erweitert werden, indem das Gehäuse 13, 14 mit unterschiedlichen Durchmessern der äußeren Zylinderhülse 7 angefertigt wird. Insbesondere das Zylindergelenk kann mehr als drei Zylinderhülsen aufweisen, deren Radien zusätzlich variiert werden können. Von einem Gehäuse mit größerem Durchmesser der äußeren Zylinderhülse 7 erwartet man sich eine Einsatzmöglichkeit bei höherer Belastung. Gedacht ist speziell an unterschiedliche Baugruppen, d.h. an Gehäuse 13, 14 mit Außendurchmessern von 55mm, 58mm, 62mm, 70mm und 75mm bei einem jeweils gleichbleibenden Innendurchmesser von ca. 35 bis 50mm.
Allgemein kann gesagt werden, dass die vorliegende Erfindung durch die Auflösung von Pratze 19, 24 und Kugelstück 20 eines Gelenkes nach dem Stand der Technik in getrennte Bauteile gekennzeichnet ist. Die Pratze 19, 24 wird auf ein einfaches Zylinderstück 1 reduziert; das Kugelstück 20 wird in ein neuartiges Gehäuse 13, 14 aufgenommen bzw. dessen Funktionalität durch ein Gehäuse 13, 14 neuartigen Aufbaus übernommen bzw. ersetzt.Due to the different construction of the respective housing 13, 14 of the cylinder joint and double ball joint, both joints have different gimbal properties and, in this respect, cover a wide range of applications. The area of application is defined by the kinematic and stationary forces of the parts to be coupled in the transverse, torsional and axial directions. The field of application can be expanded according to the invention by producing the housing 13, 14 with different diameters of the outer cylinder sleeve 7. In particular, the cylinder joint can have more than three cylinder sleeves, the radii of which can additionally be varied. A housing with a larger diameter of the outer cylinder sleeve 7 is expected to be able to be used under higher loads. Special consideration is given to different assemblies, ie to housings 13, 14 with outer diameters of 55mm, 58mm, 62mm, 70mm and 75mm with a constant inner diameter of approx. 35 to 50mm. In general, it can be said that the present invention is characterized by the dissolution of claw 19, 24 and ball piece 20 of a joint according to the prior art into separate components. The claw 19, 24 is reduced to a simple cylinder piece 1; the ball piece 20 is received in a novel housing 13, 14 or its functionality is taken over or replaced by a housing 13, 14 of new construction.
Ein solches Kugelgelenk - insbesondere für pneumatische Aufhängungen in Nutzfahrzeugen - ist in EP 1 092 891 A2 offenbart. In den Figuren 7 und 8 besteht das Kugelgelenk aus zwei mit ihren ebenen Seiten flach gegeneinander gelegten metallischen Hälften (Halbschalen) 24, aus denen kappenförmig halbkugelförmige bzw. halbellipsoide Konturen 20 nach einander entgegengesetzten Seiten herausgeprägt sind. Die Kombination dieser beiden Hälften ergibt in der Mitte ein sogenanntes Kugelstück und an beiden Enden sogenannte Stutzen 19 mit Bohrungen 21 oder Nuten 22 zur Fixierung der elastisch zu verbindenden Teile mittelsSuch a ball joint - in particular for pneumatic suspensions in commercial vehicles - is disclosed in EP 1 092 891 A2. In FIGS. 7 and 8, the ball joint consists of two metallic halves (half-shells) 24 with their flat sides laid flat against one another, from which cap-shaped hemispherical or semi-ellipsoidal contours 20 are embossed on opposite sides. The combination of these two halves results in a so-called ball piece in the middle and so-called connecting pieces 19 with bores 21 or grooves 22 at both ends for fixing the parts to be connected elastically by means of
Verschraubungen. In Figur 8 ist eine dieser beiden Hälften 24 auch "Pratze" genannt, abgebildet. Die Möglichkeit, an diesen Hälften 24 mechanische Teile zu befestigen, erklärt den für ein solches Teil verwendeten Begriff "Pratze". Das Kugelstück ist gemäß Figur 7 in ein zylindrisches Gehäuse 18 eingesetzt und mit diesem über einen Gelenkkörper aus elastischem Material (Gummi) 23, welcher mittels Vulkanisation eingebracht wurde, elastisch verbunden. Mittels der an beiden Seiten herausragenden Enden 19 der beiden Hälften 24 sind beide Pratzen mit Fahrwerks- bzw. Rahmenteilen des Kraftfahrzeugs starr verbunden. Speziell bei einer Ausführungsform gemäß Figur 7 erfolgt die Befestigung mittels Schrauben die in die dargestellte Nut 22 eingeführt werden. Das oder die Gehäuse 18 sind üblicherweise in Streben bzw. (Dreipunkt-, Vierpunkt- usw.) Lenker integriert welche die entsprechenden Fahrwerks- und Rahmenteile elastisch verbinden.
BezugszeichenlisteGlands. FIG. 8 shows one of these two halves 24, also called "claw". The possibility of attaching 24 mechanical parts to these halves explains the term "claw" used for such a part. The ball piece is inserted according to FIG. 7 into a cylindrical housing 18 and is elastically connected to it via an articulated body made of elastic material (rubber) 23, which was introduced by means of vulcanization. Both claws are rigidly connected to the chassis or frame parts of the motor vehicle by means of the ends 19 of the two halves 24 projecting on both sides. In an embodiment according to FIG. 7 in particular, the fastening is carried out by means of screws which are inserted into the illustrated groove 22. The housing or housings 18 are usually integrated into struts or (three-point, four-point, etc.) handlebars which elastically connect the corresponding chassis and frame parts. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
1 Zylinderstück (Pratze, Verbindungselement)1 cylinder piece (claw, connecting element)
2 nicht eingepresster Bereich2 not pressed area
3 Bohrung3 hole
4 mittige Passung des Zylinderstückes in das Gehäuse4 Central fit of the cylinder piece in the housing
5 innerste Zylinderhülse5 innermost cylinder sleeve
6 mittlere Zylinderhülse6 middle cylinder sleeve
7 äußerste Zylinderhülse7 outermost cylinder sleeve
8 mit Gummi gefüllter Hohlraum der äußersten Zylinderhülse8 rubber-filled cavity of the outermost cylinder sleeve
9 mit Gummi gefüllter Hohlraum der mittleren Zylinderhülse9 rubber-filled cavity of the middle cylinder sleeve
10 angefrästes Ende des Zylinderstücks10 milled end of the cylinder piece
11 ringförmige Aussparung im Bereich des Hohlraums11 annular recess in the area of the cavity
12 kreisförmige oder ovale Öffnungen im mittleren Zylinderstück12 circular or oval openings in the middle part of the cylinder
13 Gehäuse (Gummi-Metallteil) des Zylindergelenks13 Housing (rubber-metal part) of the cylinder joint
14 Gehäuse (Gummi-Metallteil) des Doppelkugelgelenks14 Housing (rubber-metal part) of the double ball joint
15 Doppelkugelhülse15 double ball sleeve
16 mit Gummi gefüllter Hohlraum der (äußersten) Zylinderhülse16 rubber-filled cavity of the (outermost) cylinder sleeve
17 Kugelsegmentflächen der Doppelkugelhülse17 spherical segment surfaces of the double spherical sleeve
18 zylindrisches Gehäuse18 cylindrical housing
19 Stutzen/ Enden der Pratze19 spigot / ends of the claw
20 halbkugelförmige bzw. halbellipsoide Kontur/ Hälfte eines Kugelstückes20 hemispherical or semi-ellipsoidal contour / half of a spherical piece
21 Bohrung21 hole
22 Nut22 groove
23 elastisches Material (Gummi)23 elastic material (rubber)
24 metallische Hälfte/ Halbschale/ Pratze A/C axialer Schnitt24 metallic half / half shell / claw A / C axial section
B/D transversaler Schnitt
B / D transverse section
Claims
1. Gelenk zur elastischen mechanischen Verbindung zweier Maschinenteile insbesondere im Fahrzeugbau, aufweisend eine Pratze (1) und ein Gehäuse (13), (14), wobei die Pratze (1) einen mittleren Bereich (4) aufweist der von dem Gehäuse (13), (14) umfasst ist und zwei Endbereiche (2) an denen jeweils eines der zu verbindenden Maschinenteile befestigt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Pratze (1) ein rotationssymmetrisches Drehteil darstellt und das Gehäuse (13), (14) aus zumindest zwei konzentrisch ineinandergesteckten Buchsen (5), (6), (7); (7), (15) besteht welche zusammen einen Hohlzylinder definieren, dessen Zwischenraum1. Joint for the elastic mechanical connection of two machine parts, in particular in vehicle construction, comprising a claw (1) and a housing (13), (14), the claw (1) having a central region (4) which is separated from the housing (13) , (14) and two end regions (2) to each of which one of the machine parts to be connected is fastened, characterized in that the claw (1) represents a rotationally symmetrical rotating part and the housing (13), (14) consists of at least two concentrically nested bushings (5), (6), (7); (7), (15) which together define a hollow cylinder, the space between them
(8), (9), (16) mit elastischem Material ausgegossen ist, so dass die von der innersten(8), (9), (16) is poured out with elastic material, so that from the innermost
Buchse (5), (15) umfasste Pratze (1) relativ zu der (7) bzw. den anderen Buchsen (6), (7) des Gehäuses (13), (14) kardanisch, torsional sowie radial und axial beweglich ist.Bushing (5), (15) comprises claw (1) relative to the (7) or the other bushings (6), (7) of the housing (13), (14) is gimbal, torsional and radially and axially movable.
2. Gelenk nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gehäuse aus drei konzentrisch ineinandergesteckten Buchsen (5), (6), (7) besteht.2. Joint according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing consists of three concentrically nested bushings (5), (6), (7).
3. Gelenk nach Anspruch 1 bis 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jede Buchse (5), (6), (7) zylinderförmig ist und als solche eine Zylinderhülse darstellt. 3. Joint according to claim 1 to 2, characterized in that each bush (5), (6), (7) is cylindrical and as such represents a cylinder sleeve.
4. Gelenk nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die mittlere Zylinderhülse (6) Öffnungen (12) aufweist wodurch die Hohlräume zwischen innerer (5) und mittlerer (6) sowie mittlerer (6) und äußerer (7) Zylinderhülse verbunden sind.4. Joint according to claim 3, characterized in that the middle cylinder sleeve (6) has openings (12) whereby the cavities between the inner (5) and middle (6) and middle (6) and outer (7) cylinder sleeve are connected.
5. Gelenk nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der gesamte Zwischenraum (8), (9) zwischen innerster (5) und äußerster (7) Buchse mit elastischem Material ausgegossen ist.5. Joint according to claim 4, characterized in that the entire space (8), (9) between the innermost (5) and outermost (7) bushing is poured out with elastic material.
6. Gelenk nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gehäuse aus zwei konzentrisch ineinandergesteckten Buchsen besteht.6. Joint according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing consists of two concentrically nested bushings.
7. Gelenk nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die äußere Buchse (7) zylinderförmig ist und als solche eine Zylinderhülse darstellt und die innere Buchse (15) doppelhöckerförmig zwei benachbarte nach Außen gerichtete Kugelsegmentflächen (17) aufweist und als solche eine Doppelkugelhülse darstellt.7. Joint according to claim 6, characterized in that the outer sleeve (7) is cylindrical and as such represents a cylinder sleeve and the inner sleeve (15) has a double hump shape two adjacent outwardly directed spherical segment surfaces (17) and as such represents a double spherical sleeve.
8. Gelenk nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Doppelkugelhülse (15) aus Gußeisen oder Kugelgraphitguss gegossen ist.8. Joint according to claim 7, characterized in that the double ball sleeve (15) is cast from cast iron or nodular cast iron.
9. Gelenk nach Anspruch 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Fixierung der Maschinenteile an der Pratze (1) in dem nicht umfaßten Bereich (10) der Pratze (1) über Bohrungen (3) erfolgt. 9. Joint according to claim 1 to 8, characterized in that the fixing of the machine parts on the claw (1) in the not included area (10) of the claw (1) via bores (3).
10. Gelenk nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im nichtumfassten Bereich (10) der Pratze (1) diese auf beiden Seiten transversal zu den Bohrungen (3) planar angefräst ist.10. Joint according to claim 9, characterized in that in the non-encompassed area (10) of the claw (1) it is milled planar on both sides transversely to the bores (3).
11. Gelenk nach Anspruch 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass unterschiedliche Baugruppen von Gehäusen (13), (14) gefertigt sind, die sich durch einen unterschiedlichen Außendurchmesser der äußeren Buchsen (6), (7), insbesondere der äußersten Buchse (7), unterscheiden und somit unterschiedlich kardanisches Verhalten zeigen.11. Joint according to claim 1 to 10, characterized in that different assemblies of housings (13), (14) are made, which are characterized by a different outer diameter of the outer bushings (6), (7), in particular the outermost bushing (7 ), differentiate and thus show different gimbal behavior.
12. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Gehäuses (13) bzw. (14) für ein Gelenk nach den vorhergehenden Ansprüchen 1 bis 11, aufweisend die folgenden Schritte:12. A method for producing a housing (13) or (14) for a joint according to the preceding claims 1 to 11, comprising the following steps:
(A) Konzentrisches Fixieren der Buchsen (5), (6), (7); (7), (15) in einer Guss- bzw. Vulkanisierungsform,(A) concentrically fixing the bushings (5), (6), (7); (7), (15) in a casting or vulcanization mold,
(B) Einspritzen eines elastischen Materials in die Zwischenräume des durch die Anordnung der Buchsen erzeugten Hohlzylinders,(B) injecting an elastic material into the spaces of the hollow cylinder produced by the arrangement of the bushings,
(C) Erzeugen einer Vorspannung des erkalteten elastischen Materials(C) generating a prestress of the cooled elastic material
13. Verfahren nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das elastische Material stirnseitig eingepreßt wird.13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that the elastic material is pressed in on the end face.
14. Verfahren nach Anspruch 12 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in dem erkalteten elastischen Material eine Vorspannung durch kaltes Zusammenpressen der äußeren Buchse (7) erzeugt wird. 14. The method according to claim 12 to 13, characterized in that a prestress is generated in the cooled elastic material by cold compression of the outer sleeve (7).
15. Verfahren nach Anspruch 12 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass - im Falle einer Zylinderhülse als innere Buchse - die Vorspannung durch kaltes Aufweiten der innersten Zylinderhülse (5), erzeugt bzw. verstärkt wird.15. The method according to claim 12 to 14, characterized in that - in the case of a cylinder sleeve as an inner sleeve - the bias is generated or amplified by cold expansion of the innermost cylinder sleeve (5).
16. Verfahren nach Anspruch 12 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass - im Falle einer Doppelkugelhülse als innerer Buchse - die Doppelkugelhülse (15) nachbearbeitet wird um eine Passung für die einzupressende Pratze (1) zu erzeugen. 16. The method according to claim 12 to 14, characterized in that - in the case of a double ball sleeve as an inner sleeve - the double ball sleeve (15) is reworked to produce a fit for the claw (1) to be pressed.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE10258986 | 2002-12-16 | ||
DE10258986A DE10258986B4 (en) | 2002-12-16 | 2002-12-16 | Elastic chassis bearing for commercial vehicles |
PCT/DE2003/004126 WO2004055406A1 (en) | 2002-12-16 | 2003-12-15 | Elastic chassis bearing for utility vehicles |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1573222A1 true EP1573222A1 (en) | 2005-09-14 |
Family
ID=32477716
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP03785574A Withdrawn EP1573222A1 (en) | 2002-12-16 | 2003-12-15 | Elastic chassis bearing for utility vehicles |
Country Status (9)
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US (1) | US7165909B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1573222A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2006509976A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20050083573A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1692237A (en) |
BR (1) | BR0312336A (en) |
DE (1) | DE10258986B4 (en) |
MX (1) | MXPA04012964A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2004055406A1 (en) |
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JP4025410B2 (en) * | 1998-02-19 | 2007-12-19 | 東海ゴム工業株式会社 | Anti-vibration device manufacturing method |
SE515045C2 (en) * | 1999-10-08 | 2001-06-05 | Trelleborg Ab | Bushing to stay |
FR2804481A1 (en) * | 2000-01-27 | 2001-08-03 | Michelin Avs | METHOD OF APPLYING A COMPRESSION PRESSURE TO AN ELASTIC JOINT |
GB2364558A (en) * | 2000-07-10 | 2002-01-30 | Avon Vibration Man Syst Ltd | A resilient bushing |
DE10116053A1 (en) * | 2001-03-30 | 2002-10-10 | Zf Boge Gmbh | Rubber bearings for chassis parts in motor vehicles |
DE50203487D1 (en) * | 2001-04-26 | 2005-08-04 | Phoenix Ag | SOCKET, ESPECIALLY HANDLEBAR BUSH |
-
2002
- 2002-12-16 DE DE10258986A patent/DE10258986B4/en not_active Revoked
-
2003
- 2003-12-15 EP EP03785574A patent/EP1573222A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-12-15 MX MXPA04012964A patent/MXPA04012964A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2003-12-15 CN CNA2003801006471A patent/CN1692237A/en active Pending
- 2003-12-15 BR BR0312336-7A patent/BR0312336A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-12-15 WO PCT/DE2003/004126 patent/WO2004055406A1/en active Application Filing
- 2003-12-15 JP JP2004559609A patent/JP2006509976A/en not_active Ceased
- 2003-12-15 KR KR1020047020236A patent/KR20050083573A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2005
- 2005-02-17 US US11/060,698 patent/US7165909B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3824272A1 (en) * | 1988-07-16 | 1990-03-29 | Joern Gmbh | JOINT BEARINGS, ESPECIALLY FOR A JOURNAL OF A MOTOR VEHICLE |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE10258986B4 (en) | 2005-07-14 |
CN1692237A (en) | 2005-11-02 |
MXPA04012964A (en) | 2005-05-16 |
WO2004055406A1 (en) | 2004-07-01 |
US7165909B2 (en) | 2007-01-23 |
JP2006509976A (en) | 2006-03-23 |
US20050153781A1 (en) | 2005-07-14 |
DE10258986A1 (en) | 2004-07-08 |
BR0312336A (en) | 2005-04-12 |
KR20050083573A (en) | 2005-08-26 |
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