EP1572371B2 - Centrifuge, particularly a separator, having solids discharge nozzles and wear protection - Google Patents

Centrifuge, particularly a separator, having solids discharge nozzles and wear protection Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1572371B2
EP1572371B2 EP03795895.6A EP03795895A EP1572371B2 EP 1572371 B2 EP1572371 B2 EP 1572371B2 EP 03795895 A EP03795895 A EP 03795895A EP 1572371 B2 EP1572371 B2 EP 1572371B2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
separator according
wear protection
basket
discharge
channel
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EP03795895.6A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1572371A1 (en
EP1572371B1 (en
Inventor
Dieter Schulz
Jürgen LINNEMANN
Anton Kleimann
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GEA Mechanical Equipment GmbH
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GEA Mechanical Equipment GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • B04B1/10—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles with discharging outlets in the plane of the maximum diameter of the bowl
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • B04B1/10—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles with discharging outlets in the plane of the maximum diameter of the bowl
    • B04B1/12—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles with discharging outlets in the plane of the maximum diameter of the bowl with continuous discharge
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B7/00—Elements of centrifuges
    • B04B7/08—Rotary bowls
    • B04B7/12—Inserts, e.g. armouring plates

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a separator with a centrifugal drum, which has a drum shell, which is provided with solid-discharge nozzles.
  • Such a separator is from the US 3,108,952
  • solid-discharge nozzles are angularly offset from one another in the region of the largest inner diameter of the centrifugal drum.
  • nozzle bodies are used in each case in bores of the drum shell, which do not extend radially outward, but are aligned obliquely to the respective radial direction in order to use the Beschettnists bin emerging from the nozzle product phase, which reduces the energy required to rotate the centrifugal drum.
  • the outlet nozzles are arranged inclined to the radial direction, the product jet emerging from the outlet nozzles can at least to a certain extent hit the drum outer wall or collide with it, which can cause considerable wear of the drum outer wall.
  • outlet nozzles each consist of a first sleeve with a centrally through the sleeve from the inside radially outwardly extending bore.
  • the first sleeves are inserted into the holes of the drum shell. In it is screwed in each case in its end region at an angle to the radial direction of a second sleeve, which also has a central bore, so that the emerging from the centrifugal drum product phase is first passed through the first sleeve radially outward and then through the second sleeve, from which he inclined to the radial direction against the direction of rotation of the separator emerges.
  • the DE 18 61 182 relates to a Siebschleudertrommel with perforations for the realization of the screening function, which are filled with hard metal grommets, wherein the drum outer shell is covered with carbide.
  • the invention aims to secure the generic separator in a simple manner better than in the prior art against wear by emerging from the solid particles product phase.
  • the wear protection devices consist of a wear-resistant material such as a steel or a hard metal or a ceramic or a combination or a composite of these materials or they are coated with such a material.
  • the outlet nozzles are provided with outlet openings oriented at an angle ⁇ + ⁇ inclined to the radial direction, and the angle ⁇ + ⁇ between the radial direction in the area of the outlet nozzles and the orientation of the outlet openings is preferably equal to or less than 90 ° (eg between 70 and 85 ° ). Since especially in separators with such outlet nozzles locally a large wear of the drum shell occurs, the wear protection elements are of particular advantage here.
  • the orientation angle of the outlet openings to the radial direction (R) is particularly preferably between 70 and 90 °.
  • the invention is for separators whose centrifugal drum has a vertical axis of rotation and is single or double conical, wherein the solids outlet nozzles are arranged in the region of the largest diameter of the centrifugal drum, and inserted from the outside into this.
  • the invention can be used with separators whose outlet openings are offset inwardly by a distance relative to the largest outer circumference or outer diameter of the centrifugal drum and which each have a recess in extension of the outlet openings in the drum shell which receive the wear protection elements.
  • the wear protection elements extend from the outlet openings to the outer edge of the drum shell, in order to ensure that the last-mentioned region of the centrifugal drum, which is particularly stressed according to the prior art, is protected against wear.
  • Fig. 1 shows a portion of a section through the drum shell 1 a centrifugal drum of a separator with a vertical axis of rotation and, for example, single or double conical geometry, which is provided with at least one, preferably a plurality of outlet nozzles 2 for solid.
  • the outlet nozzles 2 are formed from a sleeve body 3, which are each inserted in the radial direction of the centrifugal drum in here also radially extending holes 4 in the drum shell 1 (for example, screwed). They have sealing rings 22 on their outer circumference.
  • the drum shell has inside here in each case in front of the outlet nozzles 2 in the direction of the outlet nozzles 2 tapered recesses 21 which guide the solids to the outlet nozzles 2.
  • the outlet nozzles 2 are each provided with a central bore 7 extending from the drum interior 5 in the direction of the drum outer space 6, which extends in a first bore section 8 initially with a first diameter D1 in the radial direction from inside to outside and then into the first bore section 8 angularly aligned bore portion 9 merges with a diameter smaller relative to the first diameter D2.
  • the outlet opening 10 of the bore portion 9 is aligned in each case at an angle to the radial direction R, wherein the angle ⁇ + ⁇ between the radial direction R and the outlet opening 10 and the second bore portion 9 is preferably equal to or less than 90 °. In particular, it is between 70 and 90 °.
  • the outlet opening 10 is offset in each case by a distance a relative to the largest outer circumference or diameter of the centrifugal drum 28 and the drum shell inwards.
  • an groove-like depression or recess 11 formed at an angle to the radial direction must be formed in the drum shell 1, so that the product phase emerging from the outlet nozzles 2 injects as completely as possible outside on the drum shell 1.
  • each outlet nozzle 10 separately formed wear protection element 12, which preferably from the outlet openings 10 or from just behind the outlet openings 10 to the outer periphery of the drum shell 1 or extends beyond.
  • the wear protection elements 12 are formed here in an advantageous and easily producible manner as a plate-like body, which are each provided on the outside in the mounting position side with a kind of groove or groove 13, which in the mounting position of Fig. 1 and 2 points outward and advantageously serves as a guide and exit channel for the product phase emerging from the centrifugal drum 1 at an angle ⁇ + ⁇ to the radial direction R.
  • the centrifugal drum is protected by the wear protection elements 12 in the region of the recess 11 in a simple yet effective manner against wear.
  • the wear protection element 12 with a kind of integrally molded base plate 17 whose outer Edges as springs 15, 16 in two opposing grooves (indicated by dashed lines in Fig. 1b ) can be inserted in the lateral base region of the recess 11.
  • the wear protection elements 12 can be easily replaced in case of damage or own wear. In this way, u.U. also the life of the centrifugal drum itself be increased. Emphasize as special advantages and their ease of use and their basic suitability for retrofitting to existing centrifugal drums.
  • the bottom of the semi-cylindrical groove 13 is located at a distance b (in Fig. 1 it corresponds to the distance x) to Outlet opening 10 of the outlet nozzle 11 is offset inwardly, wherein the channel 13 may be aligned completely or in sections parallel or at an angle which is smaller than 30 °, in particular less than 20 °, at an angle to the second bore section 9 and to the outlet opening 10.
  • a first region 18 of the channel 13 preferably extends parallel to the second bore section 9 adjacent to the outlet opening 10, whose orientation is inclined by an angle ⁇ + ⁇ of less than 90 ° (here about 80 °, preferably between 70 and 85 °) to the radial direction also predetermines the exit angle of the product phase from the centrifugal drum, and a second area 19 is aligned somewhat further to the radial direction (angle ⁇ ), so that a kind of ramp 20 with a maximum height x above the bottom of the channel 13 is formed in the end area of the channel 13 which directs the part of the product stream impinging here somewhat further radially outwards and acts as a brake on this part of the product flow, which can have an advantageous effect during operation of the separator.
  • the wear protection elements 12 are suitable both for sleeve body 3 in the manner of Fig. 1 which terminate flush with the inside of the drum shell 1, as well as for sleeve body 3, which according to the type of Fig. 3 project something into the interior of the centrifugal drum 1, so that can form deposits around the sleeve body 3, which may have an advantageous effect on the product processing in certain products.
  • FIG. 1 and 3 extend the wear protection elements 12 from the outlet openings 10 to the outer edge of the recesses 11, so that the entire region of the recesses is protected against wear.
  • the ramps 20 as demolition edges extend in the longitudinal direction of the channel over less than half its length, in particular over a distance of up to 20mm, according to a preferred variant even only over a distance of 1-5 mm.
  • the bottom of the channel 13 is located just below the outlet opening 10.
  • the distance between the outlet opening and the bottom of the channel can - as well as their diameter - affect the way the product flow outlet.
  • the height x is significantly smaller than the distance b, so that the solid flows partly directly over the edge of the ramp 20.
  • the length of the wear protection elements 20 in the circumferential direction is less than in Fig. 1 ,
  • the geometry of the transition between the ramp 20 and the rest of the channel 13 may be arcuate or jumpy. It can also follow the geometry of a circular or exponential function. Preferably, the inclination of the ramp to the discharge direction of the solid from the outlet opening increases away.
  • the geometry of the wear protection elements 12 is adapted to the curvature of the drum shell 1, to ensure even here a protection.
  • the ramps 20 are radially outward beyond the outer circumference or largest diameter of the centrifugal drum, which further leads the product flow to the outside and helps to prevent it from touching the drum shell. It is virtually a kind of undercut 23 and an undercut tear-off edge formed.
  • the ramps are more or less the same Fig. 5 formed in the manner of a "ski jump", ie, they have in a first region 24 an angle ⁇ > 0 to the outlet direction of the product flow from the nozzle 10 and in the adjoining further region 25 a larger angle ⁇ + c ( ⁇ >0;c> 0) to the outlet direction of the product flow from the nozzle 3.
  • Fig. 9 shows a perspective view of a centrifuge according to the type Fig. 1 ,
  • the separately formed wear protection elements 12 with their groove or gutter. Against the direction of rotation, one of the wear protection elements is provided behind each outlet nozzle.
  • FIG. 10 shows a corresponding side view of the centrifugal drum or drum shell 1.

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  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Abstract

A separator comprising a centrifugal drum that includes a drum shell having at least one solids discharge nozzle. Further included is at least one wear protection element on the drum shell in an area of and behind the at least one solids discharge nozzle. The at least one wear protection element includes or is constructed as a plate-type body.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Separator mit einer Schleudertrommel, die einen Trommelmantel aufweist, welcher mit Feststoff-Austrittsdüsen versehen ist.The invention relates to a separator with a centrifugal drum, which has a drum shell, which is provided with solid-discharge nozzles.

Ein derartiger Separator ist aus der US 3,108,952 bekannt In der Außenwandung der Schleudertrommel dieses Separators sind im Bereich des größten Innendurchmessers der Schleudertrommel Feststoff-Austrittsdüsen winkelversetzt zueinander angeordnet. Dabei sind jeweils in Bohrungen des Trommelmantels Düsenkörper eingesetzt, welche sich nicht radial nach außen erstrecken, sondern geneigt zur jeweiligen Radialrichtung ausgerichtet sind, um den Beschlettnigungseffekt der aus den Düsen austretenden Produktphase zu nutzen, was die zum Drehen der Schleudertrommel erforderliche Energie verringert.Such a separator is from the US 3,108,952 In the outer wall of the centrifugal drum of this separator solid-discharge nozzles are angularly offset from one another in the region of the largest inner diameter of the centrifugal drum. In this case, nozzle bodies are used in each case in bores of the drum shell, which do not extend radially outward, but are aligned obliquely to the respective radial direction in order to use the Beschettnigungseffekt emerging from the nozzle product phase, which reduces the energy required to rotate the centrifugal drum.

Da die Austrittsdüsen geneigt zur Radialrichtung angeordnet sind, kann der aus den Austrittsdüsen austretende Produktstrahl zumindest zu einem gewissen Teil an die Trommelaußenwandung treffen bzw. mit dieser kollidieren, was einen erheblichen Verschleiß der Trommelaußenwandung bedingen kann.Since the outlet nozzles are arranged inclined to the radial direction, the product jet emerging from the outlet nozzles can at least to a certain extent hit the drum outer wall or collide with it, which can cause considerable wear of the drum outer wall.

Einen ähnlichen Stand der Technik zeigt die US 2,695,748 . Die in dieser Schrift darge-stellten Austrittsdüsen bestehen jeweils aus einer ersten Hülse mit einer sich zentrisch durch die Hülse von innen radial nach außen erstreckenden Bohrung. Die ersten Hülsen sind in die Bohrungen des Trommelmantels eingesetzt. In sie ist jeweils in ihrem Endbereich winklig zur Radialrichtung eine zweite Hülse eingeschraubt, welche ebenfalls eine zentrische Bohrung aufweist, so dass die aus der Schleudertrommel austretende Produktphase zunächst durch die erste Hülse radial nach außen und dann durch die zweite Hülse geführt wird, aus welcher er geneigt zur Radialrichtung entgegen der Drehrichtung des Separators austritt.A similar state of the art shows the US 2,695,748 , The illustrated in this document outlet nozzles each consist of a first sleeve with a centrally through the sleeve from the inside radially outwardly extending bore. The first sleeves are inserted into the holes of the drum shell. In it is screwed in each case in its end region at an angle to the radial direction of a second sleeve, which also has a central bore, so that the emerging from the centrifugal drum product phase is first passed through the first sleeve radially outward and then through the second sleeve, from which he inclined to the radial direction against the direction of rotation of the separator emerges.

Aus der Fig. 9 der gattungsgemäßen US 2,695,748 ist es auch bekannt, die erste Hülse ebenfalls winklig zur Radialrichtung in eine Bohrung der Trommelwand einzusetzen. Die Hülse schließt dabei an ihrem äußeren Ende ungefähr bündig mit der Außenseite des Schleudertrommel ab, was dazu führt, dass hinter dem Austritt der Hülse mit der Düse der Produktstrom in einer Ausnehmung der Schleudertrommel gegen den Trommelmantel treffen und diesen verschleißen kann. In der Praxis bilden sich durch den Verschleiß tiefe Rinne in der Trommelwand aus, welche schließlich kostspielige Wartungsarbeiten bedingen- Zur Fixierung der ersten Hülse an der Schleudertrommel dient eine in eine Nut der Schleudertrommel einrastender Vorsprung.From the Fig. 9 of the generic US 2,695,748 It is also known to also insert the first sleeve at an angle to the radial direction in a bore of the drum wall. The sleeve closes at its outer end approximately flush with the outside of the centrifugal drum, resulting in that meet behind the outlet of the sleeve with the nozzle of the product flow in a recess of the centrifugal drum against the drum shell and can wear it. In practice, formed by the wear deep groove in the drum wall, which eventually costly maintenance condition- To fix the first sleeve on the centrifugal drum is a latching in a groove of the centrifugal drum projection.

Zum Stand der Technik werden noch die DE 1130 371 B , die DE 199 51 663 A , die DE 41 05 412 A , die DE 18 61 982 U , die DE 18 61 982 U , die DD 42343 und die US 20 60 239 genannt, welche aber von der Erfindung weiter abliegen.The state of the art still the DE 1130 371 B , the DE 199 51 663 A , the DE 41 05 412 A , the DE 18 61 982 U , the DE 18 61 982 U , the DD 42343 and the US 20 60 239 called, but which are still different from the invention.

Die DE 18 61 182 betrifft eine Siebschleudertrommel mit Perforationen zur Realisierung der Siebfunktion, die mit Hartmetalltüllen ausgefüllt sind, wobei auch der Trommelaußenmantel mit Hartmetall belegt ist.The DE 18 61 182 relates to a Siebschleudertrommel with perforations for the realization of the screening function, which are filled with hard metal grommets, wherein the drum outer shell is covered with carbide.

Aus der DE 41 05 412 A ist eine Vollmantel-Schneckenzentrifuge bekannt, bei welcher Bohrungen in der Trommel zum Feststoffaustrag innen mit einem Hartmetall ausgekleidet sind.From the DE 41 05 412 A is a solid bowl screw centrifuge known in which holes in the drum for solids discharge inside are lined with a hard metal.

Die Erfindung zielt darauf ab, den gattungsgemäßen Separator auf einfache Weise besser als beim Stand der Technik gegen Verschleiß durch die aus den Feststoffdüsen austretende Produktphase zu sichern.The invention aims to secure the generic separator in a simple manner better than in the prior art against wear by emerging from the solid particles product phase.

Diese Aufgabe löst die Erfindung durch den Gegenstand des Anspruchs 1.This object is achieved by the invention by the subject matter of claim 1.

Separate Elemente ermöglichen eine optimale Anpassung an die Aufgabe des Verschleißschutzes.Separate elements allow optimal adaptation to the task of wear protection.

Es bestehen die Verschleißschutzeinrichtungen aus einem verschleißfesten Werkstoff wie einem Stahl oder einem Hartmetall oder einer Keramik oder einer Kombination oder einem Verbund dieser Werkstoffe oder sie sind mit einem derartigen Material beschichtet.The wear protection devices consist of a wear-resistant material such as a steel or a hard metal or a ceramic or a combination or a composite of these materials or they are coated with such a material.

Es sind die Austrittsdüsen mit um einen Winkel α + β geneigt zur Radialrichtung ausgerichteten Austrittsöffnungen versehen und der Winkel α + β zwischen der Radialrichtung im Bereich der Austrittsdüsen und der Ausrichtung der Austrittsöffnungen ist vorzugsweise gleich oder kleiner als 90° (z.B. zwischen 70 und 85°). Da gerade bei Separatoren mit derartigen Austrittsdüsen örtlich ein großer Verschleiß des Trommelmantels auftritt, sind die Verschleißschutzelemente hier von besonderem Vorteil. Dabei beträgt der Ausrichtungswinkel der Austrittsöffnungen zur Radialrichtung (R) besonders bevorzugt zwischen 70 und 90°.The outlet nozzles are provided with outlet openings oriented at an angle α + β inclined to the radial direction, and the angle α + β between the radial direction in the area of the outlet nozzles and the orientation of the outlet openings is preferably equal to or less than 90 ° (eg between 70 and 85 ° ). Since especially in separators with such outlet nozzles locally a large wear of the drum shell occurs, the wear protection elements are of particular advantage here. In this case, the orientation angle of the outlet openings to the radial direction (R) is particularly preferably between 70 and 90 °.

Die Erfindung ist für Separatoren deren Schleudertrommel eine vertikale Drehachse aufweist und einfach oder doppelt konisch ausgebildet ist, wobei die Feststoff-Austrittsdüsen im Bereich des größten Durchmessers der Schleudertrommel angeordnet, und von außen in diese eingesetzt sind.The invention is for separators whose centrifugal drum has a vertical axis of rotation and is single or double conical, wherein the solids outlet nozzles are arranged in the region of the largest diameter of the centrifugal drum, and inserted from the outside into this.

Es ist die Erfindung bei Separatoren einsetzbar, deren Austrittsöffnungen um eine Strecke relativ zum größten Außenumfang bzw. Außendurchmesser der Schleudertrommel nach innen versetzt angeordnet sind und die jeweils eine Ausnehmung in Verlängerung der Austrittsöffnungen im Trommelmantel aufweisen, welche die Verschleißschutzelemente aufnehmen.The invention can be used with separators whose outlet openings are offset inwardly by a distance relative to the largest outer circumference or outer diameter of the centrifugal drum and which each have a recess in extension of the outlet openings in the drum shell which receive the wear protection elements.

Es erstrecken sich die Verschleißschutzelemente von den Austrittsöffnungen bis zur Außenkante des Trommelmantels, um gerade den letztgenannten, nach dem Stand der Technik besonders beanspruchten Bereich der Schleudertrommel gegen Verschleiß zu sichern.The wear protection elements extend from the outlet openings to the outer edge of the drum shell, in order to ensure that the last-mentioned region of the centrifugal drum, which is particularly stressed according to the prior art, is protected against wear.

Nachfolgend werden Ausführungsbeispiele anhand der Zeichnung näher beschrieben, wobei auch weitere Vorteile der Erfindung deutlich werden. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1a, b
einen Schnitt durch einen Abschnitt der Außenwand einer Schleudertrommel eines Separators im Bereich einer Feststoffaustragdüse und eine Draufsicht auf den Bereich der Feststoffaustragsdüse;
Fig. 2a,b
zwei verschiedene Ansichten der Verschleißschutzelemente des Separators aus Fig. 1;
Fig. 3a,b
zu Fig. 1 analoge Darstellungen eines Abschnitts eines zweiten Separators;
Fig. 4
zwei verschiedene Ansichten der Verschleißschutzelemente des Separators aus Fig. 3;
Fig. 5a,b,c
zu Fig. 1 und 2 analoge Darstellungen eines Abschnitts eines dritten Separators;
Fig. 6a,b,c
zu Fig. 1 und analoge Darstellungen eines Abschnitts eines vierten Separators; und
Fig. 7
eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Separatortrommel; und
Fig. 8
eine Seitenansicht eines Abschnitts der Separatortrommel aus Fig. 7.
Embodiments will be described in more detail with reference to the drawing, wherein also further Advantages of the invention become clear. Show it:
Fig. 1a, b
a section through a portion of the outer wall of a centrifugal drum of a separator in the region of a Feststoffaustragdüse and a plan view of the area of the Feststoffaustragsdüse;
Fig. 2a, b
two different views of the wear protection elements of the separator Fig. 1 ;
Fig. 3a, b
to Fig. 1 analogous representations of a portion of a second separator;
Fig. 4
two different views of the wear protection elements of the separator Fig. 3 ;
Fig. 5a, b, c
to Fig. 1 and 2 analogous representations of a portion of a third separator;
Fig. 6a, b, c
to Fig. 1 and analogous representations of a portion of a fourth separator; and
Fig. 7
a perspective view of a separator drum; and
Fig. 8
a side view of a portion of the separator drum Fig. 7 ,

Fig. 1 zeigt einen Teil eines Schnittes durch den Trommelmantel 1 einer Schleudertrommel eines Separators mit senkrechter Drehachse und z.B. einfach oder doppelt konischer Geometrie, der mit wenigstens einer, vorzugsweise mehreren Austrittsdüsen 2 für Feststoff versehen ist. Fig. 1 shows a portion of a section through the drum shell 1 a centrifugal drum of a separator with a vertical axis of rotation and, for example, single or double conical geometry, which is provided with at least one, preferably a plurality of outlet nozzles 2 for solid.

Die Austrittsdüsen 2 werden aus einem Hülsenkörper 3 gebildet, welche jeweils in radialer Richtung der Schleudertrommel in sich hier ebenfalls radial erstreckende Bohrungen 4 im Trommelmantel 1 eingesetzt (z.B. eingeschraubt) sind. Sie weisen an ihrem Außenumfang Dichtringe 22 auf. Der Trommelmantel weist hier innen jeweils vor den Austrittsdüsen 2 sich in Richtung der Austrittsdüsen 2 verjüngende Ausnehmungen 21 auf, welche den Feststoff zu den Austrittsdüsen 2 leiten.The outlet nozzles 2 are formed from a sleeve body 3, which are each inserted in the radial direction of the centrifugal drum in here also radially extending holes 4 in the drum shell 1 (for example, screwed). They have sealing rings 22 on their outer circumference. The drum shell has inside here in each case in front of the outlet nozzles 2 in the direction of the outlet nozzles 2 tapered recesses 21 which guide the solids to the outlet nozzles 2.

Die Austrittsdüsen 2 sind jeweils mit einer sich vom Trommelinnenraum 5 in Richtung des Trommelaußenraums 6 erstreckenden zentrischen Bohrung 7 versehen, welche sich in einem ersten Bohrungsabschnitt 8 zunächst mit einem ersten Durchmesser D1 in radialer Richtung von innen nach außen erstreckt und dann in einen zum ersten Bohrungsabschnitt 8 winklig ausgerichteten Bohrungsabschnitt 9 mit einem relativ zum ersten Durchmesser kleineren Durchmesser D2 übergeht.The outlet nozzles 2 are each provided with a central bore 7 extending from the drum interior 5 in the direction of the drum outer space 6, which extends in a first bore section 8 initially with a first diameter D1 in the radial direction from inside to outside and then into the first bore section 8 angularly aligned bore portion 9 merges with a diameter smaller relative to the first diameter D2.

Die Austrittsöffnung 10 des Bohrungsabschnittes 9 ist derart jeweils winklig zur Radialrichtung R ausgerichtet, wobei der Winkel α + β zwischen der Radialrichtung R und der Austrittsöffnung 10 bzw. dem zweiten Bohrungsbereich 9 vorzugsweise gleich oder kleiner als 90° ist. Insbesondere beträgt er zwischen 70 und 90°.The outlet opening 10 of the bore portion 9 is aligned in each case at an angle to the radial direction R, wherein the angle α + β between the radial direction R and the outlet opening 10 and the second bore portion 9 is preferably equal to or less than 90 °. In particular, it is between 70 and 90 °.

Da die Hülsenkörper 3 außen im wesentlichen bündig mit der Außenkante des Trommelmantels 1 abschließen, liegt die Austrittsöffnung 10 jeweils um eine Strecke a relativ zum größten Außenumfang bzw. Durchmesser der Schleudertrommel 28 bzw. des Trommelmantels nach innen versetzt.Since the sleeve body 3 terminate substantially flush with the outer edge of the drum shell 1 outside, the outlet opening 10 is offset in each case by a distance a relative to the largest outer circumference or diameter of the centrifugal drum 28 and the drum shell inwards.

Entsprechend muss in Verlängerung des zweiten Bohrungsabschnittes 9 eine winklig zur Radialrichtung ausgebildete rinnenartige Vertiefung oder Ausnehmung 11 in dem Trommelmantel 1 ausgebildet sein, damit die aus den Austrittsdüsen 2 austretende Produktphase möglichst vollständig außen an dem Trommelmantel 1 vorbei spritzt.Correspondingly, in the extension of the second bore section 9, an groove-like depression or recess 11 formed at an angle to the radial direction must be formed in the drum shell 1, so that the product phase emerging from the outlet nozzles 2 injects as completely as possible outside on the drum shell 1.

Bei dieser Konstruktionsweise trifft jedoch ein Teil des aus der Austrittsdüse 2 austretenden Feststoffes auf den Trommelmantel 1 auf und bewirkt einen Verschleiß des Trommelmantels insbesondere im äußeren Bereich der Ausnehmung 11 sowie auch weiter in UmfangsrichtungIn this construction, however, meets a part of the emerging from the outlet nozzle 2 solid on the drum shell 1 and causes wear of the drum shell, in particular in the outer region of the recess 11 and also in the circumferential direction

Um diesen Verschleißeffekt zu verringern oder sogar zu vermeiden, ist vorgesehen, in die Ausnehmungen 11 jeweils ein zu den Austrittsdüsen 10 separat ausgebildetes Verschleißschutzelement 12 einzusetzen, welches sich vorzugsweise von den Austrittsöffnungen 10 oder von kurz hinter den Austrittsöffnungen 10 bis zum Außenumfang des Trommelmantels 1 oder darüber hinaus erstreckt.In order to reduce or even avoid this wear effect, it is provided to insert into the recesses 11 in each case one outlet nozzle 10 separately formed wear protection element 12, which preferably from the outlet openings 10 or from just behind the outlet openings 10 to the outer periphery of the drum shell 1 or extends beyond.

Die Verschleißschutzelemente 12 sind hier in vorteilhafter und leicht herstellbarer Weise als plattenartige Körper ausgebildet, die an der in Montageposition äußeren Seite selbst jeweils mit einer Art Nut oder Rinne 13 versehen sind, welche in der Montagestellung der Fig. 1 und 2 nach außen weist und in vorteilhafter Weise als Führungs- und Austrittskanal für die aus der Schleudertrommel 1 unter dem Winkel α +β zur Radialrichtung R austretenden Produktphase dient.The wear protection elements 12 are formed here in an advantageous and easily producible manner as a plate-like body, which are each provided on the outside in the mounting position side with a kind of groove or groove 13, which in the mounting position of Fig. 1 and 2 points outward and advantageously serves as a guide and exit channel for the product phase emerging from the centrifugal drum 1 at an angle α + β to the radial direction R.

Die Schleudertrommel wird durch die Verschleißschutzelemente 12 im Bereich der Ausnehmung 11 auf einfache und dennoch effektive Weise gegen Verschleiß geschützt.The centrifugal drum is protected by the wear protection elements 12 in the region of the recess 11 in a simple yet effective manner against wear.

Die Montage der Verschleißschutzelemente 12 an dem Trommelmantel 1 erfolgt mit Hilfe von Schrauben 14 und miteinander korrespondierenden Nut-/Federelementen zwischen Trommelmantel 1 und den Verschleißschutzelementen 1. So ist es möglich, das Verschleißschutzelement 12 mit einer Art einstückig angeformten Grundplatte 17 zu versehen, deren äußere Ränder als Federn 15, 16 in zwei einander gegenüberliegende Nuten (gestrichelt angedeutet in Fig. 1b) im seitlichen Grundbereich des Ausnehmung 11 einschiebbar sind.The assembly of the wear protection elements 12 on the drum shell 1 by means of screws 14 and mutually corresponding groove / spring elements between the drum shell 1 and the wear protection elements 1. Thus, it is possible to provide the wear protection element 12 with a kind of integrally molded base plate 17 whose outer Edges as springs 15, 16 in two opposing grooves (indicated by dashed lines in Fig. 1b ) can be inserted in the lateral base region of the recess 11.

Die Verschleißschutzelemente 12 können derart im Falle einer Beschädigung oder eigenen Verschleißes leicht ausgetauscht werden. Auf diese Weise kann u.U. auch die Lebensdauer der Schleudertrommel an sich erhöht werden. Hervorzuheben sind als besondere Vorteile auch ihre leichte Handhabbarkeit und ihre prinzipielle Eignung auch zur Nachrüstung an bestehenden Schleudertrommeln.The wear protection elements 12 can be easily replaced in case of damage or own wear. In this way, u.U. also the life of the centrifugal drum itself be increased. Emphasize as special advantages and their ease of use and their basic suitability for retrofitting to existing centrifugal drums.

Der Grund der halbzylindrischen Rinne 13 liegt um eine Strecke b (in Fig. 1 entspricht sie der Strecke x) zur Austrittsöffnung 10 der Austrittsdüse 11 versetzt nach innen hin, wobei die Rinne 13 vollständig oder abschnittsweise parallel oder um einen Winkel, der kleiner ist als 30°, insbesondere kleiner 20°, winklig zum zweiten Bohrungsabschnitt 9 bzw. zur Austrittsöffnung 10 ausgerichtet sein kann.The bottom of the semi-cylindrical groove 13 is located at a distance b (in Fig. 1 it corresponds to the distance x) to Outlet opening 10 of the outlet nozzle 11 is offset inwardly, wherein the channel 13 may be aligned completely or in sections parallel or at an angle which is smaller than 30 °, in particular less than 20 °, at an angle to the second bore section 9 and to the outlet opening 10.

Bevorzugt erstreckt sich ein erster Bereich 18 der Rinne 13 im Anschluss an die Austrittsöffnung 10 parallel zum zweiten Bohrungsabschnitt 9, dessen Ausrichtung um einen Winkel α + β kleiner 90° (hier ca. 80°, vorzugsweise zwischen 70 und 85°) geneigt zur Radialrichtung auch den Austrittswinkel der Produktphase aus der Schleudertrommel vorgibt, und ein zweiter Bereich 19 ist etwas weiter zur Radialrichtung hin (Winkel β) ausgerichtet, so dass im Endbereich der Rinne 13 eine Art Rampe 20 mit einer maximalen Höhe x über dem Grund der Rinne 13 entsteht, welche den hier auftreffenden Teil des Produktstromes etwas weiter radial nach außen richtet und derart etwas bremsend auf diesen Teil des Produktstromes einwirkt, was sich im Betrieb des Separators vorteilhaft auswirken kann.A first region 18 of the channel 13 preferably extends parallel to the second bore section 9 adjacent to the outlet opening 10, whose orientation is inclined by an angle α + β of less than 90 ° (here about 80 °, preferably between 70 and 85 °) to the radial direction also predetermines the exit angle of the product phase from the centrifugal drum, and a second area 19 is aligned somewhat further to the radial direction (angle β), so that a kind of ramp 20 with a maximum height x above the bottom of the channel 13 is formed in the end area of the channel 13 which directs the part of the product stream impinging here somewhat further radially outwards and acts as a brake on this part of the product flow, which can have an advantageous effect during operation of the separator.

Die Verschleißschutzelemente 12 eignen sich sowohl für Hülsenkörper 3 nach Art der Fig. 1, welche innen bündig mit der Innenseite des Trommelmantels 1 abschließen, als auch für Hülsenkörper 3, welche nach Art der Fig. 3 etwas in den Innenraum der Schleudertrommel 1 hineinragen, so dass sich um die Hülsenkörper 3 herum Ablagerungen bilden können, welche sich bei bestimmten Produkten vorteilhaft auf die Produktverarbeitung auswirken können.The wear protection elements 12 are suitable both for sleeve body 3 in the manner of Fig. 1 which terminate flush with the inside of the drum shell 1, as well as for sleeve body 3, which according to the type of Fig. 3 project something into the interior of the centrifugal drum 1, so that can form deposits around the sleeve body 3, which may have an advantageous effect on the product processing in certain products.

In Figur 1 und 3 erstrecken sich die Verschleißschutzelemente 12 von den Austrittsöffnungen 10 bis zur Außenkante der Ausnehmungen 11, so dass der gesamte Bereich der Ausnehmungen gegen Verschleiß geschützt ist.In FIG. 1 and 3 extend the wear protection elements 12 from the outlet openings 10 to the outer edge of the recesses 11, so that the entire region of the recesses is protected against wear.

Die Rampen 20 als Abrisskanten erstrecken sich in Längsrichtung der Rinne über weniger als deren halbe Länge, insbesondere über einen Weg von bis zu 20mm, nach einer bevorzugten Variante sogar nur über einen Weg von 1-5 mm. Die Höhe x (hier in Fig. 1 x = b) dieser Kanten bzw. der Rampen beträgt vorzugsweise ebenfalls 1-10 mm. Bei der genauen Dimensionierung empfiehlt sich die Berücksichtigung des Einflusses des Durchmessers der Trommel.The ramps 20 as demolition edges extend in the longitudinal direction of the channel over less than half its length, in particular over a distance of up to 20mm, according to a preferred variant even only over a distance of 1-5 mm. The height x (here in Fig. 1 x = b) of these edges or ramps is preferably also 1-10 mm. For accurate dimensioning, it is recommended to consider the influence of the diameter of the drum.

Bevorzugt liegt der Grund der Rinne 13 dicht unter der Austrittsöffnung 10. Der Abstand zwischen Austrittsöffnung und dem Grund der Rinne kann - wie auch deren Durchmesser- die Art und Weise des Produktstromaustrittes beeinflussen. In Fig. 3 ist die Höhe x deutlich kleiner als der Abstand b, so daß der Feststoff zum Teil direkt über die Kante der Rampe 20 hinwegströmt. Zudem ist auch die Länge der Verschleißschutzelemente 20 in Umfangsrichtung geringer als in Fig. 1.Preferably, the bottom of the channel 13 is located just below the outlet opening 10. The distance between the outlet opening and the bottom of the channel can - as well as their diameter - affect the way the product flow outlet. In Fig. 3 the height x is significantly smaller than the distance b, so that the solid flows partly directly over the edge of the ramp 20. In addition, the length of the wear protection elements 20 in the circumferential direction is less than in Fig. 1 ,

Die Geometrie des Übergangs zwischen Rampe 20 und übriger Rinne 13 kann bogenförmig oder sprungartig sein. Er kann auch der Geometrie einer Kreis- oder einer Exponentialfunktion folgen. Bevorzugt nimmt die Neigung der Rampe zur Austrittsrichtung des Feststoffes von der Austrittsöffnung weg zu.The geometry of the transition between the ramp 20 and the rest of the channel 13 may be arcuate or jumpy. It can also follow the geometry of a circular or exponential function. Preferably, the inclination of the ramp to the discharge direction of the solid from the outlet opening increases away.

In Verlängerung der Rinne ist die Geometrie der Verschleißschutzelemente 12 an die Krümmung des Trommelmantels 1 angepasst, um auch hier noch einen Schutz zu sichern.In the extension of the channel, the geometry of the wear protection elements 12 is adapted to the curvature of the drum shell 1, to ensure even here a protection.

Nach dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 5 stehen die Rampen 20 radial nach außen über den Außenumfang bzw. größten Durchmesser der Schleudertrommel vor, was den Produktstrom noch weiter nach außen führt und dazu beiträgt zu verhindern, dass dieser den Trommelmantel berühren kann. Es wird quasi eine Art Hinterschnitt 23 bzw. eine hinterschnittene Abrisskante ausgebildet.According to the embodiment of Fig. 5 the ramps 20 are radially outward beyond the outer circumference or largest diameter of the centrifugal drum, which further leads the product flow to the outside and helps to prevent it from touching the drum shell. It is virtually a kind of undercut 23 and an undercut tear-off edge formed.

Darüber hinaus sind die Rampen quasi der Fig. 5 nach Art einer "Skischanze" ausgebildet, d.h., sie weisen in einem ersten Bereich 24 einen Winkel α > 0 zur Austrittsrichtung des Produktstroms aus der Düse 10 und in dem sich daran anschließenden weiteren Bereich 25 einen größeren Winkel α + c (α>0; c>0) zur Austrittsrichtung des Produktstroms aus der Düse 3 auf.In addition, the ramps are more or less the same Fig. 5 formed in the manner of a "ski jump", ie, they have in a first region 24 an angle α> 0 to the outlet direction of the product flow from the nozzle 10 and in the adjoining further region 25 a larger angle α + c (α>0;c> 0) to the outlet direction of the product flow from the nozzle 3.

Analoges gilt für Fig. 6. Hier stehen die Rampen aber noch weiter über den Trommelaußenumfang bzw. den Durchmesser nach außen vor.The same applies to Fig. 6 , Here, however, the ramps protrude even further beyond the outer circumference of the drum or the diameter to the outside.

Fig. 9 zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht eine Zentrifuge nach Art der Fig. 1. Erkennbar ist insbesondere die doppelt konischer Geometrie der Schleudertrommel bzw. des Trommelmantels 1 mit den Bohrungen 4 im Bereich des größten Durchmessers bzw. im Bereich des Übergangs vom unteren konischen Abschnitt zum oberen konischen Abschnitt des Trommelmantels 1, wobei die Austrittsdüsen 2 bzw. die Hülsenkörper 3 ein Außengewinde aufweisen, so dass sie von außen in die Bohrungen 4 mit entsprechendem Innengewinde einschraubbar sind. Ebenfalls gut erkennbar sind die separat ausgebildeten Verschleißschutzelemente 12 mit ihrer Nut oder Rinne. Gegen die Drehrichtung ist hinter jeder Austrittsdüse jeweils eines der Verschleißschutzelemente vorgesehen. Fig. 10 zeigt eine entsprechende Seitenansicht der Schleudertrommel bzw. des Trommelmantels 1. Bezugszeichen Trommelmantel 1 Austrittsdüsen 2 Hülsenkörper 3 Bohrungen 4 Trommelinnenraum 5 Trommelaußenraum 6 Bohrung 7 Bohrungsabschnitte 8, 9 Austrittsöffnung 10 Ausnehmung 11 Verschleißschutzelemente 12 Nut 13 Schrauben 14 Federn 15, 16 Grundplatte 17 Bereiche 18, 19 Rampe 20 Ausnehmungen 21 Dichtringe 22 Hinterschnitt 23 Bereiche 24, 25 Rampen 26, 27 Trommel 28 Durchmesser D1, D2 Radialrichtung R Strecke a, b, x Winkel α, β, c Fig. 9 shows a perspective view of a centrifuge according to the type Fig. 1 , In particular, the double conical geometry of the centrifugal drum or the drum shell 1 with the holes 4 in the region of the largest diameter or in the region of the transition from the lower conical section to the upper conical section of the drum shell 1, wherein the outlet nozzles 2 and the sleeve body 3rd have an external thread, so that they can be screwed from the outside into the holes 4 with a corresponding internal thread. Also clearly visible are the separately formed wear protection elements 12 with their groove or gutter. Against the direction of rotation, one of the wear protection elements is provided behind each outlet nozzle. FIG. 10 shows a corresponding side view of the centrifugal drum or drum shell 1. <B> reference numerals </ b> drum shell 1 vents 2 sleeve body 3 drilling 4 Drum interior 5 Drum outer space 6 drilling 7 bore sections 8, 9 discharge opening 10 recess 11 Wear protection elements 12 groove 13 screw 14 feathers 15, 16 baseplate 17 areas 18, 19 ramp 20 recesses 21 seals 22 undercut 23 areas 24, 25 ramps 26, 27 drum 28 diameter D1, D2 radial direction R route a, b, x corner α, β, c

Claims (18)

  1. Separator, comprising a centrifugal basket (28) which has a vertical axis of rotation and is of single or double conical construction, and which has a basket shell (1) which is provided with at least one or more solids discharge nozzles (2), wherein the solids discharge nozzles (2) are inserted into the centrifugal basket (19) from the outside in the region of the largest diameter of said basket, characterized in that
    - in each case at least one wear protection device is arranged and/or constructed on the exterior basket shell (1) in the area of the solids discharge nozzles (2),
    - with the wear protection devices being constructed as separate wear protection elements (12), and
    - with one of the separate wear protection elements (12) - viewed against the rotating direction - being arranged behind each discharge nozzle (2),
    - with the wear protection elements (12) consisting of a wear-resistant material, such as a steel or a hard metal or of a ceramic material or of a combination or a composite of these materials, or are coated with such a material,
    - the discharge nozzles (2) have discharge openings (10) oriented at an angle (α + β) inclined with respect to the radial direction (R), and that the angle (α + β) between the radial direction (R) in the area of the discharge nozzles and the orientation of the discharge openings (10) is equal to or smaller than 90°,
    - with the discharge openings (10) being arranged offset toward the interior by a distance relative to the largest outer periphery or outside diameter of the centrifugal basket (28), and in each case one recess (11) is constructed as an extension of the discharge openings (10) in the basket shell (1), which receive the wear protection elements (12),
    - with the wear protection elements (12) extending from the discharge openings (10) to the outer edge of the basket shell (1), and
    - the wear protection elements (12) are fastened to the basket shell (1) by means of screws (14) and mutually corresponding groove and tongue elements (15, 16) between the basket shell (1) and the wear protection element (12).
  2. Separator according to Claim 1, characterized in that the orientation angle (α + β) of the discharge openings (10) with respect to the radial direction (R) is between 70 and 85°.
  3. Separator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wear protection elements (12) are constructed as plate-type bodies which are provided on their exterior side with a groove or a channel (13), which are used as a discharge channel for a product phase exiting from the centrifugal basket (28) at an angle (α + β) with respect to the radial direction.
  4. Separator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wear protection elements (12) are equipped with a base plate (17) whose outer edges, as tongues (16), can be pushed into two mutually opposite grooves (15) in the lateral base area of the recess (11).
  5. Separator according to Claim 3, characterized in that the base of the channel (13) is situated by a distance (b) offset toward the interior with respect to the discharge opening (10) of the discharge nozzle (2) in the basket shell, and in that the channel (13) is angularly oriented, completely or in sections, parallel or at an angle smaller than 30°, particularly smaller than 20°, with respect to the discharge opening (10).
  6. Separator according to one of the preceding Claims 3 or 5, characterized in that the channel (13) changes into a ramp (20).
  7. Separator according to one of the preceding Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a first area (18) of the channel (13) extends adjoining the discharge opening (10) parallel to the second bore section (9), and in that a second area (19) of the channel (13) is inclined farther toward the radial direction.
  8. Separator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the discharge nozzles (2) formed by sleeve bodies (3) close off flush with the interior side of the basket shell (1).
  9. Separator according to one of the preceding Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the discharge nozzles (2) formed by sleeve bodies (3) project slightly into the interior of the centrifugal basket (28).
  10. Separator according to Claim 6, characterized in that, as break edges, the ramps (20) extend in the longitudinal direction of the channel (13) over less than half its length, particularly over a path of up to 10 mm, preferably over 1 to 10 mm.
  11. Separator according to Claim 6, characterized in that the geometry of the transition between the ramp and the channel (13) is curved or abrupt.
  12. Separator according to Claim 10, characterized in that the geometry of the transition between the ramp (20, 26) and the channel (13) follows the geometry of a circle or an exponential function.
  13. Separator according to Claim 8, characterized in that the inclination of the ramp (20, 26) with respect to the discharge direction of the solids increases away from the discharge opening (10).
  14. Separator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the discharge nozzles (2) formed by sleeve bodies (3) are each inserted in the radial direction of the centrifugal basket into radially extending bores (4) in the basket shell (1).
  15. Separator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the discharge nozzles (2) formed by sleeve bodies (3) have a bore (7) extending from the interior basket space (5) to the exterior basket space (6), these bores initially extending in a first bore section (8) with a first diameter D1 in the radial direction from the interior to the exterior and then changing into a bore section (9) which is oriented at an angle with respect to the first bore section (8) and has a smaller diameter D2 relative to the first diameter.
  16. Separator according to one of the preceding Claims 3 to 15, characterized in that the geometry of the wear protection elements (12) as an extension of the channel (13) is adapted to the curvature of the basket shell.
  17. Separator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wear protection elements, particularly their ramps (20), project radially toward the outside beyond the outer periphery or outside diameter of the basket shell (1) of the centrifugal basket (28).
  18. Separator according to Claim 17, characterized in that the ramp is constructed as an undercut break edge.
EP03795895.6A 2002-12-16 2003-12-15 Centrifuge, particularly a separator, having solids discharge nozzles and wear protection Expired - Lifetime EP1572371B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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DE20219551U 2002-12-16
DE20219551U DE20219551U1 (en) 2002-12-16 2002-12-16 Centrifuge, in particular separator, with solids outlet nozzles
PCT/EP2003/014253 WO2004054719A1 (en) 2002-12-16 2003-12-15 Centrifuge, particularly a separator, having solids discharge nozzles and wear protection

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EP1572371A1 EP1572371A1 (en) 2005-09-14
EP1572371B1 EP1572371B1 (en) 2008-05-21
EP1572371B2 true EP1572371B2 (en) 2019-12-04

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EP (1) EP1572371B2 (en)
CN (1) CN100427211C (en)
AT (1) ATE395978T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2003298185A1 (en)
CA (1) CA2508258C (en)
DE (2) DE20219551U1 (en)
NO (1) NO344617B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2004054719A1 (en)

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EP1572371A1 (en) 2005-09-14
DE50309898D1 (en) 2008-07-03
CN100427211C (en) 2008-10-22
US20060166803A1 (en) 2006-07-27
NO20053445L (en) 2005-07-15
DE20219551U1 (en) 2004-04-29
US7614995B2 (en) 2009-11-10
NO344617B1 (en) 2020-02-10
WO2004054719A1 (en) 2004-07-01
ATE395978T1 (en) 2008-06-15
CA2508258A1 (en) 2004-07-01
CA2508258F (en) 2004-07-01
CN1726084A (en) 2006-01-25
EP1572371B1 (en) 2008-05-21
AU2003298185A1 (en) 2004-07-09
CA2508258C (en) 2008-09-09

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