EP1564319B1 - Durable antistatic and flame-retardent fabric for underground applications - Google Patents
Durable antistatic and flame-retardent fabric for underground applications Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1564319B1 EP1564319B1 EP05002760A EP05002760A EP1564319B1 EP 1564319 B1 EP1564319 B1 EP 1564319B1 EP 05002760 A EP05002760 A EP 05002760A EP 05002760 A EP05002760 A EP 05002760A EP 1564319 B1 EP1564319 B1 EP 1564319B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- strips
- threads
- fabric
- underground
- textile web
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
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- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 title claims description 74
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 claims abstract 13
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 abstract description 22
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical group N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002614 Polyether block amide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000006750 UV protection Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012963 UV stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007786 electrostatic charging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000004224 protection Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- DXZMANYCMVCPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;diethylphosphinate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCP([O-])(=O)CC.CCP([O-])(=O)CC DXZMANYCMVCPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F5/00—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
- D03D15/513—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads heat-resistant or fireproof
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
- D02G3/441—Yarns or threads with antistatic, conductive or radiation-shielding properties
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/40—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads
- D03D15/44—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads with specific cross-section or surface shape
- D03D15/46—Flat yarns, e.g. tapes or films
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
- D03D15/533—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads antistatic; electrically conductive
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2401/00—Physical properties
- D10B2401/16—Physical properties antistatic; conductive
Definitions
- the invention relates to an underground usable fabric web of tapes or threads made of thermoplastic material, resulting in a sheet-like cloth, interwoven with each other and are equipped antistatic.
- an antistatic additive for thermoplastics that consists of an electrically conductive network of non-metallic, microcrystalline needles. This network can be melted or can be introduced into the melt, so that it advantageously crystallizes out on cooling. The corresponding network is then embedded in the plastic compound and thus advantageously resistant to wear, since it exits only selectively at the surface of the thread or the ribbon.
- the network is provided as an admixture to the electrically conductive ribbons to increase their conductivity.
- From the DE 100 48 765 C2 is known as an antistatic, quasi-conductive tissue known whose leakage resistance is greater than 10 8 - 10 11 ⁇ . It has no flame retardant additive, so it must not be used in underground mining and similar vulnerable areas.
- the DE 198 26 120 C2 protects a fabric, which is intended primarily for high-strength packaging, ie for so-called big-bags.
- the electrically non-conductive threads are with a flame-retardant, halogen-containing
- the electrically conductive threads consist of a thermoplastic material which either has a conductivity-increasing additive (to a surface resistance of ⁇ 10 4 ⁇ ) or in which these additives are dispersed or which are coated with such an additive, wherein these electrically conductive threads after the core of this invention are shrinkable when exposed to heat. By shrinking the electrically conductive threads, they should escape the flame, so that a kind of flame control is achieved.
- the invention is therefore based on the object to provide a fabric web that can be used with improved tensile load values even in highly explosive areas without special additional measures.
- the tapes or threads are equipped with the tensile strength of the ribbon or thread enhancing additives.
- specific influence is exerted on the tensile strength of the entire fabric web, wherein, if necessary, it is also possible to selectively influence the tensile strength, for example in the longitudinal direction or in the circumferential direction or in the transverse direction.
- An optimization provides that the needles are introduced into the plastic melt in such a way that they crystallize out on cooling to an electrically conductive network. With appropriate addition of amounts and with appropriate procedure, it is ensured that there are star-shaped networks that are connected to each other, so that the necessary conductivity is given.
- the invention provides that the part of the quasi-electrically conductive and the part of the electrically non-conductive strips are filled with the tensile strength of the ribbons or filaments-increasing additives ,
- the halogen-free product "Flamestab NOR 116" is used according to another embodiment, this product manufactured by Ciba is also referred to as "flame retardant and UV stabilizer for polyolefin flame retardant applications”. Flamestab NOR 116 is therefore particularly well suited for the intended use case, because it allows the flame retardant properties to be optimally realized. These halogen-free substances provide sufficient heat and UV resistance.
- the conductivity-increasing additive with a mass fraction of 5 to 20%, preferably 15 to 18% entered into the melt of the ribbon is.
- the flame retardant additive is blended with a Flammmasseanteil of 0.5 to 1.8%, preferably 1% of the melt of the tapes.
- the corresponding cloth or fabric web should be used in underground mining, and it is advantageous if the band forming the cloth are sewn to an underground support pillars or containers or to support tubes or cushions, the seams of the quasi-electrically conductive ribbon or threads and where the number of these bands or threads is greatly increased in the seams.
- the corresponding cloth or fabric web is ideal because the non-metallic, microcrystalline, an electrically conductive network resulting needles in the plastic ensure that harmful charges can not build up, especially because a permanent corona discharge takes place. The charges are distributed over the rather large area of the fabric web, thus avoiding local concentrations of electrical charge that can become hazardous.
- the seams consist of quasi-electrically conductive ribbon, so that in addition to a kind of main conductor results over the forming charges can be selectively and easily dissipated.
- the respective seam then forms an advantageous one continuous central conductor.
- Halogen-free flame retardant additives are particularly easy to process.
- the regions of the underground support pillars or support hoses lying against the mountains have an increased number of quasi-electrically conductive strips, preferably 40 to 75%.
- the fabric web can be used especially in underground mining, because even if a fire should occur, the fabric does not support the fire, but rather behaves quasi neutral or contributes to the extinguishment of the fire.
- the equipment of the fabric is supported by an additive in which the needles in the form of a "permanent antistatic agent Ciba Irgastat P 18 and / or P 22 and / or Pebax from Atofina Chemicals" are mixed.
- the tapes or threads with a tensile strength-increasing additive
- the invention is also to be realized in that the tapes are provided with a tensile strength-increasing layer.
- a coating is easier to apply, whereby not only a coating surrounding the individual tapes or threads is to be considered, but also a layer covering the fabric web.
- this layer can also contribute to or lead to a possibly desired water-tightness, depending on the thickness in which it is applied. It can be equipped with flame retardant and / or antistatic additives at the same time.
- the cloth consists of the non-conducting tapes / threads constituting the base material, into or onto the quasi-electrically conductive tapes and / or threads only in the longitudinal direction or only are introduced or applied extending transversely and at a small distance of ⁇ 30 mm. Under the circumstances mentioned, this is sufficient, the distance being small, but nevertheless the processing is facilitated.
- a further embodiment provides that the cloth has a coating to which a "permanently antistatic agent Ciba Irgastat P 18 and / or P 22" is mixed, so that the entire coating not only acts sealingly, but at the same time provides the necessary electrical discharge , Thus it can not lead to an impairment, d. H. come to a charge of surface areas or even the entire surface, for example, an underground used fabric web, so that the necessary safety and tightness is guaranteed. It is advantageous if the coating is applied only to the side facing away from the mountains of the cloth, this completely or at least largely sealing, because on the mountain side facing an impairment or charging is not hazardous and because you in this way and ways to keep costs down. It is advantageous, however, to provide such a coating on both sides of the cloth.
- the invention is characterized in particular by the fact that in underground mining with its many hazardous areas now also an advantageous to be processed fabric in the form of strips of ribbons is used, this fabric is permanently antistatic and at the same time permanently flame retardant equipped so that they the special conditions and Completely complies with requirements in underground mining, whereby the tensile strength of the ribbons is significantly improved by additives.
- the lasting effect in terms of flame retardancy of all threads as well as anti-static while maintaining the tensile strength of advantage because just in the Inserts in underground mining can not be prevented, that also a high load on the threads or the ribbon or the entire fabric web occurs.
- the intended for use fabric web of tapes or threads of thermoplastic material is designed so that the important for the antistatic effect tapes contain important for the quasi-conductivity components in the form of non-metallic, microcrystalline, an electrically conductive network resulting needles on Duration retain their effect, ie even if these fabric sheets over a long period must be correspondingly effective and safe.
- the water-tightness is also to be ensured, in particular if a coating consists of a mass which possesses the necessary antistatic and / or flame-retardant properties.
- FIG. 1 shows a support pillar 1 commonly used in underground mining, which is used and braced between hanging 2 and 3 or 3 lying down slope sole 34 and ridge 2 in order to keep the cavity 7 and the track sufficiently long open.
- This support pillar 1 consists of a cloth 10 or a fabric web, which is sewn together so that usually with a seam 18 is to get along. This creates a large diameter exhibiting hose into which is filled over the filler 5 building material.
- 4 is the foot area and 6 denotes a support ring which is arranged in the head area 8 of the support pillar 1.
- FIG. 2 shows in an enlarged representation of such a fabric sheet or cloth 10 of quasi-electrically conductive tapes 11, 12, 11 ', 12' and electrically non-conductive tapes 13, 13 ', 14, 14'. It is clear that the quasi-electrically conductive strips 11, 12 and corresponding part 15 forms a fabric cross 40, which is integrated into the rest of the cloth 10 or placed on this, so as to effectively avoid the emergence of charges.
- FIG. 3 shows a single such thread, which belongs to a ribbon 11 and 12 and which is equipped with a network 28 forming needles 24, 25, 26, which reproduce a flow path 27 due to their network formation. This is very much emphasized in order to clarify its existence or course. In reality, only the individual needles 24, 25, 26 in each case in connection, but not a correspondingly more stable connection corresponding needles 24 to 26. Here are the nature and design of the individual needles but how FIG. 3 clarifies, in any case, ensures that they can be made available over almost electrically conductive threads or ribbons 11 and 12.
- FIG. 4 is a driven into the mountains 20 distance 29 reproduced, which is supported on Auszubögen 31.
- a support tube 30 is placed on the upper part of the expansion arch.
- the fabric webs or wipes 10 can be seen, which are also optionally overlapping each other placed on the expansion arch 31 and which are pressed in the upper region, for example by the support tube on the expansion arch 31.
- these wipes 10 or fabric webs are also drawn over the region of the outward opening of the seam 32 in order to prevent the relatively fine-grained material from entering the path or the cavity 7 falls into it.
- drafting mats are also usually used which, viewed from the expansion arch 31, support the fabric web or the cloth 10.
- FIG. 5 shows such a fabric sheet or a cloth 10 which is provided on the side 36 with a coating 35 to make the cloth 10 and the fabric sheet according to substantially waterproof.
- This coating 35 is usually equipped with the antistatic additive to limit or avoid the emergence of corresponding charges here in this area.
- FIG. 6 shows a section through a ribbon 11, 12, 13, 14 or rather by a single thread of such a ribbon, said thread is equipped after the upper section with the conductivity-increasing additive and thus has become quasi electrically conductive, while to FIG. 6 a layer 38 is provided, via which the tensile strength of the electrically non-conductive tapes 11 or threads is selectively increased. It is also conceivable to bring appropriate additives into the plastic of the thread 11, 12, 13, 14, wherein the enumeration of the reference character 13 and 14 made it clear that these tensile strength-increasing additives just in the quasi-electric leading threads is brought in.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Woven Fabrics (AREA)
- Fireproofing Substances (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Untertage einsetzbare Gewebebahn aus Bändchen oder Fäden aus thermoplastischem Kunststoff, die ein flächiges Tuch ergebend, miteinander verwebt und antistatisch ausgerüstet sind.The invention relates to an underground usable fabric web of tapes or threads made of thermoplastic material, resulting in a sheet-like cloth, interwoven with each other and are equipped antistatic.
Bei üblichen aus Kunststofffäden oder auch Bändchen bestehenden Geweben kann es durch Reibung zu einer elektrostatischen Aufladung auf der Oberfläche des Gewebes kommen. Insbesondere in trockener Umgebung können diese elektrostatischen Aufladungen nicht über die Luft abfließen. Bei Kontakt mit Gegenständen, die nicht geerdet werden können oder mit Personen, können sich dann diese Aufladungen so ungünstig entladen, dass Zündfunken hoher Energie überspringen, die letztlich sogar geeignet sind, Gas, Gas-Luft-Gemische oder auch staubhaltige Luftgemische zu zünden und so Explosionen, vor allem im untertägigen Steinkohlenbergbau, auszulösen. Davon abgesehen ist die schlagartige Entladung insbesondere beim Berühren durch Personen ausgesprochen unangenehm und kann zu Unfällen führen. Denkbar sind auch andere Aufladungsgegebenheiten, beispielsweise beim Befüllen von Kunststoffgewebesäcken oder Behältern mit Schüttgut, wobei die elektrischen Ladungen auch auf benachbarte Behälter übergeleitet werden können.In the case of customary woven fabrics or even tapes, friction can lead to electrostatic charging on the surface of the fabric. Especially in a dry environment, these electrostatic charges can not escape through the air. In contact with objects that can not be earthed or with people, then these charges can discharge so unfavorably that skip high energy sparks, which are ultimately even suitable to ignite gas, gas-air mixtures or dusty air mixtures and so Explosions, especially in the underground coal industry, trigger. Apart from that, the sudden discharge is particularly uncomfortable, especially when touched by people and can lead to accidents. Also conceivable are other charging conditions, for example when filling plastic fabric bags or containers with bulk material, wherein the electrical charges can also be transferred to adjacent containers.
Aus der
Aus der
Aus der
Grundsätzlich bekannt ist es weiter, derartige ableitfähige Gewebe insbesondere für den Bergbau Untertage auch gleichzeitig flammhemmend auszubilden, wozu in der Regel eine entsprechende Beschichtung auf das Tuch aufgebracht wird. Sie ist allerdings, weil sie auf die Oberfläche aufgebracht wird, nur relativ kurz wirksam. Aus diesem Grunde ist in der
Die
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Gewebebahn zu schaffen, die bei verbesserten Zugbelastungswerten auch in stark explosionsgefährdeten Bereichen ohne besondere Zusatzmaßnahmen eingesetzt werden kann.The invention is therefore based on the object to provide a fabric web that can be used with improved tensile load values even in highly explosive areas without special additional measures.
Die Aufgabe wird durch die Lehre des Anspruches 1 gelöst.The problem is solved by the teaching of
Bei derart ausgerüsteten und ausgebildeten Gewebebahnen ist die für den untertägigen Steinkohlenbergbau aber auch für andere explosionsgefährdete Bereiche notwendige Sicherheit vorteilhaft gegeben. Da die für die antistatischen Eigenschaften notwendigen Additive vorteilhaft in die das Gewebe bildenden Bändchen integriert sind und darüber hinaus alle Bändchen, die ein solches Gewebe bilden und zusätzlich flammhemmend gesichert sind, kann eine solche standhafte und für die ausreichende Zeit auch voll tragende Gewebebahn zur Verfügung gestellt werden. Dabei sind solche feuerhemmend wirkenden Substanzen bzw. flammhemmend wirkenden Substanzen in den Kunststoff für die gesamten Bändchen einzugeben, die sich mit den für die Antistatik wichtigen Additiven "vertragen". Sind alle entsprechenden Fäden bzw. Bändchen entsprechend ausgerüstet, ist für den untertägigen Bergbau aber auch für alle explosionsgefährdeten Bereiche eine Gewebebahn geschaffen, die auf Dauer die notwendigen Sicherheitsvorschriften erfüllt und die darüber hinaus auch verbesserte Stabilitäts- bzw. Zugfestigkeitswerte erbringt. Durch die die Leitfähigkeit erhöhenden Additive in Form von nicht metallischen, mikrokristallinen, ein elektrisch leitendes Netz ergebende Nadeln, die in den Kunststoff eingebracht sind, wird die Leitfähigkeit des Gewebes erhöht. Diese, die Leitfähigkeit erhöhenden mikrokristallinen Nadeln bringen in den damit ausgerüsteten Bändchen die notwendigen Leitfähigkeitswerte, wobei sie sich mit den flammhemmenden Substanzen vertragen und nicht deren Wirkung beeinträchtigen oder umgekehrt. Von daher sind sie gerade für den Einsatz für Untertage bestens geeignet, zumal sie keinen wesentlichen Einfluss auf die Festigkeitswerte haben. Die Bändchen oder Fäden sind mit die Zugfestigkeit der Bändchen oder Fäden erhöhenden Additiven ausgerüstet. Dadurch wird gezielt Einfluss auf die Zugfestigkeit der gesamten Gewebebahn genommen, wobei bei Bedarf auch die Möglichkeit besteht, die Zugfestigkeit beispielsweise in Längsrichtung oder in Umfangsrichtung oder in Querrichtung gezielt zu beeinflussen.In such equipped and trained fabric webs necessary for the underground coal industry but also for other hazardous areas security is given advantageous. Since the additives necessary for the antistatic properties are advantageously integrated into the ribbon forming the fabric and, moreover, all the ribbons which form such a fabric and are additionally flame-retardant, such a stable and, for the sufficient time, also fully supporting fabric sheet can be made available become. In this case, such fire-retardant substances or flame-retardant substances are to be entered into the plastic for the entire ribbon, which are important with those for the antistatic "Tolerate" additives. If all corresponding threads or ribbons are equipped accordingly, a fabric web is created for underground mining but also for all potentially explosive areas, which in the long term fulfills the necessary safety regulations and which, moreover, also provides improved stability or tensile strength values. By the conductivity-increasing additives in the form of non-metallic, microcrystalline, an electrically conductive network resulting needles, which are incorporated in the plastic, the conductivity of the tissue is increased. These microcrystalline needles, which increase the conductivity, bring about the necessary conductivity values in the tapes equipped with them, whereby they tolerate the flame-retardant substances and do not impair their effect, or vice versa. Therefore, they are ideal for use underground, especially since they have no significant impact on the strength values. The tapes or threads are equipped with the tensile strength of the ribbon or thread enhancing additives. As a result, specific influence is exerted on the tensile strength of the entire fabric web, wherein, if necessary, it is also possible to selectively influence the tensile strength, for example in the longitudinal direction or in the circumferential direction or in the transverse direction.
Eine Optimierung sieht vor, dass die Nadeln in die Kunststoffschmelze so eingebracht sind, dass sie beim Abkühlen zu einem elektrisch leitenden Netz auskristallisieren. Bei entsprechender Mengenzugabe und bei entsprechender Verfahrensweise ist sichergestellt, dass sich sternenförmige Netze ergeben, die miteinander verbunden sind, sodass die notwendige Leitfähigkeit gegeben ist.An optimization provides that the needles are introduced into the plastic melt in such a way that they crystallize out on cooling to an electrically conductive network. With appropriate addition of amounts and with appropriate procedure, it is ensured that there are star-shaped networks that are connected to each other, so that the necessary conductivity is given.
Um insbesondere im untertägigen Steinkohlenbergbau die notwendigen Zugfestigkeitswerte sicher zu garantieren und ggf. sogar noch zu steigern, sieht die Erfindung vor, dass der Teil der quasi elektrisch leitenden und der Teil der elektrisch nicht leitenden Bändchen mit die Zugfestigkeit der Bändchen oder Fäden erhöhenden Additiven gefüllt sind.In order to guarantee the necessary tensile strength values, and possibly even to increase them, even in underground coal mining, the invention provides that the part of the quasi-electrically conductive and the part of the electrically non-conductive strips are filled with the tensile strength of the ribbons or filaments-increasing additives ,
Als Additiv für die Flammhemmung wird nach einer weiteren Ausbildung das halogenfreie Produkt "Flamestab NOR 116" eingesetzt, wobei dies von der Firma Ciba hergestellte Produkt auch als "Flame Retardant and UV Stabilizer for Polyolefin Flame Retardant Applications" bezeichnet wird. Flamestab NOR 116 eignet sich deshalb besonders gut für den hier vorgesehenen Einsatzfall, weil damit die Flammschutzeigenschaften optimal zu verwirklichen sind. Diese halogenfreien Substanzen bringen eine ausreichende Wärme- und UV-Beständigkeit.As an additive for flame retardancy, the halogen-free product "Flamestab NOR 116" is used according to another embodiment, this product manufactured by Ciba is also referred to as "flame retardant and UV stabilizer for polyolefin flame retardant applications". Flamestab NOR 116 is therefore particularly well suited for the intended use case, because it allows the flame retardant properties to be optimally realized. These halogen-free substances provide sufficient heat and UV resistance.
Um die jeweils gewünschten und notwendigen Eigenschaften für das im untertägigen Berg- und Tunnelbau einzusetzende Gewebe zu erreichen, ist es notwendig, dass das die Leitfähigkeit erhöhende Additiv mit einem Masseanteil von 5 bis 20 %, vorzugsweise 15 bis 18 % in die Schmelze der Bändchen eingegeben ist. Dass die Flammhemmung erbringende Additiv ist mit einem Flammmasseanteil von 0,5 bis 1,8 % vorzugsweise 1 % der Schmelze der Bändchen zugemischt.In order to achieve the respectively desired and necessary properties for the fabric to be used in underground mining and tunneling, it is necessary that the conductivity-increasing additive with a mass fraction of 5 to 20%, preferably 15 to 18% entered into the melt of the ribbon is. The flame retardant additive is blended with a Flammmasseanteil of 0.5 to 1.8%, preferably 1% of the melt of the tapes.
Das entsprechende Tuch bzw. die Gewebebahn soll im untertägigen Bergbau eingesetzt werden, wobei es von Vorteil ist, wenn die das Tuch bildenden Bändchen zu einem Untertagestützpfeiler oder -behälter oder zu Stützschläuchen oder zu Kissen vernäht sind, wobei die Nähte aus den quasi elektrisch leitenden Bändchen oder Fäden bestehen und wobei in den Nähten die Zahl dieser Bändchen oder Fäden stark erhöht ist. Das entsprechende Tuch bzw. die Gewebebahn eignet sich optimal, weil die nicht metallischen, mikrokristallinen, ein elektrisch leitendes Netz ergebenden Nadeln im Kunststoff dafür sorgen, dass sich schädliche Aufladungen nicht aufbauen können, weil vor allem eine permanente Corona-Entladung stattfindet. Die Ladungen werden über die recht große Fläche der Gewebebahn gesehen verteilt, sodass lokale Konzentrationen von elektrischer Ladung, die gefährlich werden können, vermieden sind. Weiter bestehen die Nähte aus quasi elektrisch leitenden Bändchen, so dass sich auch noch zusätzlich eine Art Hauptleiter ergibt, über den sich bildende Ladungen gezielt und einfach abgeführt werden können. Die jeweilige Naht bildet dann also vorteilhaft einen durchgehenden Zentralleiter. Halogenfreie Additive zur Flammhemmung sind besonders gut zu verarbeiten.The corresponding cloth or fabric web should be used in underground mining, and it is advantageous if the band forming the cloth are sewn to an underground support pillars or containers or to support tubes or cushions, the seams of the quasi-electrically conductive ribbon or threads and where the number of these bands or threads is greatly increased in the seams. The corresponding cloth or fabric web is ideal because the non-metallic, microcrystalline, an electrically conductive network resulting needles in the plastic ensure that harmful charges can not build up, especially because a permanent corona discharge takes place. The charges are distributed over the rather large area of the fabric web, thus avoiding local concentrations of electrical charge that can become hazardous. Next, the seams consist of quasi-electrically conductive ribbon, so that in addition to a kind of main conductor results over the forming charges can be selectively and easily dissipated. The respective seam then forms an advantageous one continuous central conductor. Halogen-free flame retardant additives are particularly easy to process.
Weiter ist es von Vorteil, wenn die am Gebirge anliegenden Bereiche der Untertagestützpfeiler oder Stützschläuche eine erhöhte Anzahl quasi elektrisch leitender Bändchen, vorzugsweise 40 bis 75 % aufweisen. Durch diese gezielte Anhäufung der leitenden Teile bzw. Bändchen im Kopf- und Fußbereich und darüber hinaus durch die Verbindung durch die Naht mit den angehäuften leitenden Fäden bzw. Bändchen ist die Gewähr gegeben, dass auch unter ungünstigen Verhältnissen immer die notwendige Bekämpfung von statischen Aufladungen und ähnlichen Problemen schnell und sicher abgewickelt wird. Die Gewebebahn kann vor allem im untertägigen Bergbau eingesetzt werden, da, selbst wenn einmal ein Brand auftreten sollte, das Gewebe das Feuer nicht unterstützt, sondern vielmehr sich quasi neutral verhält bzw. zu einem Erlöschen des Feuers beiträgt.It is also advantageous if the regions of the underground support pillars or support hoses lying against the mountains have an increased number of quasi-electrically conductive strips, preferably 40 to 75%. Through this targeted accumulation of conductive parts or bands in the head and foot area and beyond by the connection through the seam with the accumulated conductive threads or ribbons, the guarantee is given that even under unfavorable conditions always the necessary fight against static charges and similar problems is handled quickly and safely. The fabric web can be used especially in underground mining, because even if a fire should occur, the fabric does not support the fire, but rather behaves quasi neutral or contributes to the extinguishment of the fire.
Unterstützt wird die Ausrüstung des Gewebes durch ein Additiv, bei dem die Nadeln in Form eines "permanent antistatic Agent Ciba Irgastat P 18 und/oder P 22 und/oder Pebax von Atofina Chemicals" zugemischt sind.The equipment of the fabric is supported by an additive in which the needles in the form of a "permanent antistatic agent
Weiter vom ist darauf hingewiesen worden, dass es zweckmäßig ist, die Bändchen bzw. Fäden mit einem die Zugfestigkeit erhöhenden Additiv zu versehen, wobei die Erfindung auch dadurch zu verwirklichen ist, dass die Bändchen mit einer die Zugfestigkeit erhöhenden Schicht versehen sind. Eine solche Beschichtung ist unter Umständen leichter aufzubringen, wobei nicht nur an eine die einzelnen Bändchen oder Fäden umgebende Beschichtung zu denken ist, sondern auch an eine die Gewebebahn abdeckende Schicht. Diese Schicht kann dabei gleichzeitig auch zu einer ggf. gewünschten Wasserdichtigkeit beitragen oder dazu führen, je nachdem in welcher Stärke sie aufgebracht wird. Sie kann über Zusätze gleichzeitig flammhemmend und/oder antistatisch ausgerüstet werden.It has further been pointed out that it is expedient to provide the tapes or threads with a tensile strength-increasing additive, wherein the invention is also to be realized in that the tapes are provided with a tensile strength-increasing layer. Under certain circumstances, such a coating is easier to apply, whereby not only a coating surrounding the individual tapes or threads is to be considered, but also a layer covering the fabric web. At the same time, this layer can also contribute to or lead to a possibly desired water-tightness, depending on the thickness in which it is applied. It can be equipped with flame retardant and / or antistatic additives at the same time.
Je nach Einsatzbereich oder erforderlicher Sicherheit kann es ausreichen, wenn, wie erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagen, dass das Tuch aus den das Grundmaterial darstellenden, nicht leitenden Bändchen/Fäden besteht, in das oder auf das quasi elektrisch leitende Bändchen und/oder Fäden nur in Längsrichtung oder nur in Querrichtung und in geringem Abstand von < 30 mm verlaufend eingebracht oder aufgebracht sind. Unter den erwähnten Gegebenheiten reicht dies aus, wobei der Abstand gering ist, dennoch aber das Verarbeiten erleichtert ist.Depending on the field of application or the required safety, it may be sufficient if, as proposed by the invention, the cloth consists of the non-conducting tapes / threads constituting the base material, into or onto the quasi-electrically conductive tapes and / or threads only in the longitudinal direction or only are introduced or applied extending transversely and at a small distance of <30 mm. Under the circumstances mentioned, this is sufficient, the distance being small, but nevertheless the processing is facilitated.
Eine weitere Ausbildung sieht vor, dass das Tuch eine Beschichtung aufweist, der ein "permanent antistatic Agent Ciba Irgastat P 18 und/oder P 22" zugemischt ist, sodass die gesamte Beschichtung nicht nur abdichtend wirkt, sondern gleichzeitig auch für die notwendige elektrische Ableitung sorgt. Es kann somit nicht zu einer Beeinträchtigung, d. h. zu einer Aufladung von Flächenbereichen oder gar der ganzen Fläche beispielsweise einer Untertage eingesetzten Gewebebahn kommen, sodass die notwendige Sicherheit und auch Dichtigkeit gewährleistet ist. Dabei ist es von Vorteil, wenn die Beschichtung nur auf die dem Gebirge abgewandte Seite des Tuches, dieses ganz oder zumindest weitgehend abdichtend, aufgebracht ist, weil auf der dem Gebirge zugewandten Seite eine Beeinträchtigung bzw. Aufladung nicht gefährdend ist und weil man auf diese Art und Weise die Kosten geringer halten kann. Vorteilhaft ist es aber, auf beiden Seiten des Tuches eine solche Beschichtung vorzusehen.A further embodiment provides that the cloth has a coating to which a "permanently antistatic agent
Die Erfindung zeichnet sich insbesondere dadurch aus, dass in untertägigen Bergbau mit seinen vielen Gefährdungsbereichen nunmehr auch ein vorteilhaft zu verarbeitendes Gewebe in Form von Gewebebahnen aus Bändchen eingesetzt wird, Diese Gewebebahn ist dauerhaft antistatisch und gleichzeitig auch dauerhaft flammhemmend ausgerüstet, sodass sie den besonderen Bedingungen und Auflagen im untertägigen Bergbau voll genügt, wobei die Zugfestigkeit der Bändchen durch Additive deutlich verbessert wird. Darüber hinaus ist die dauerhafte Wirkung bezüglich Flammhemmung aller Fäden wie auch Antistatik bei Einhaltung der Zugfestigkeit von Vorteil, weil gerade bei den Einsätzen im untertägigen Bergbau nicht verhindert werden kann, dass auch eine hohe Belastung der Fäden bzw. der Bändchen bzw. der gesamten Gewebebahn auftritt. Die zum Einsatz vorgesehene Gewebebahn aus Bändchen oder Fäden aus thermoplastischem Kunststoff ist so ausgebildet, dass die für die antistatische Wirkung wichtigen Bändchen die für die Quasi-Leitfähigkeit wichtigen Bestandteile in Form der nicht metallischen, mikrokristallinen, ein elektrisch leitendes Netz ergebenden Nadeln enthalten, die auf Dauer ihre Wirkung behalten, d. h. auch dann, wenn diese Gewebebahnen über längere Zeit entsprechend wirksam und sicher sein müssen. Auch die Wasserdichtigkeit ist zu gewährleisten, insbesondere wenn eine Beschichtung aus einem über die notwendige Antistatik und/oder Flammhemmung verfügende Masse besteht. Insgesamt gesehen ist somit eine Lösung vorgegeben, die für alle explosionsgefährdeten Bereiche, insbesondere für den Untertagebergbau optimal geeignet ist.The invention is characterized in particular by the fact that in underground mining with its many hazardous areas now also an advantageous to be processed fabric in the form of strips of ribbons is used, this fabric is permanently antistatic and at the same time permanently flame retardant equipped so that they the special conditions and Completely complies with requirements in underground mining, whereby the tensile strength of the ribbons is significantly improved by additives. In addition, the lasting effect in terms of flame retardancy of all threads as well as anti-static while maintaining the tensile strength of advantage, because just in the Inserts in underground mining can not be prevented, that also a high load on the threads or the ribbon or the entire fabric web occurs. The intended for use fabric web of tapes or threads of thermoplastic material is designed so that the important for the antistatic effect tapes contain important for the quasi-conductivity components in the form of non-metallic, microcrystalline, an electrically conductive network resulting needles on Duration retain their effect, ie even if these fabric sheets over a long period must be correspondingly effective and safe. The water-tightness is also to be ensured, in particular if a coating consists of a mass which possesses the necessary antistatic and / or flame-retardant properties. Overall, therefore, a solution is given that is optimally suited for all potentially explosive areas, especially for underground mining.
Weitere Einzelheiten und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung der zugehörigen Zeichnungen, in denen ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel mit den dazu notwendigen Einzelheiten und Einzelteilen dargestellt ist. Es zeigen:
Figur 1- einen Untertagestützpfeiler aus Gewebe mit dauerhaft antistatischem und dauerhaft flammhemmendem Bändchen,
Figur 2- eine Draufsicht auf ein entsprechende Gewebebahn in vergrößerter Wiedergabe,
- Figur 3
- einen einzelnen Faden bzw. ein Bändchen mit einem deutlich wiedergegebenen mikrokristallinen Netzwerk,
- Figur 4
- eine untertägige Strecke mit auf dem Ausbau ausgelegten Gewebebahnen,
Figur 5- eine Gewebebahn mit zusätzlicher Beschichtung und
Figur 6- einzelne Fäden im Schnitt mit und ohne die Zugfestigkeit erhöhender Schicht.
- FIG. 1
- an underground support pillar made of fabric with permanently antistatic and permanently flame retardant ribbon,
- FIG. 2
- a plan view of a corresponding fabric web in enlarged reproduction,
- FIG. 3
- a single thread or ribbon with a clearly represented microcrystalline network,
- FIG. 4
- an underground track with fabric panels laid out on the construction,
- FIG. 5
- a fabric panel with additional coating and
- FIG. 6
- individual threads on average with and without the tensile strength-increasing layer.
Bei der Darstellung in
Das Gebirge 20, das das Hangende 2 bzw. die First und das Liegende 3 bzw. die Streckensohle 34 bildet, trifft im Anliegebereich 21 bzw. 22 mit dem Tuch 10 und den entsprechenden Bändchen 11, 12, 13, 14 zusammen. Da hier ebenfalls die quasi elektrisch leitenden Bändchen 11, 12 angereichert sind, ist hier für einen zusätzlichen Kontakt mit der Erde gesorgt bzw. ist eine Möglichkeit geschaffen, Aufladungen schnell abzubauen, indem z. B. eine Corona-Entladung stattfindet.The
In
Alle genannten Merkmale, auch die den Zeichnungen allein zu entnehmenden, werden allein und in Kombination als erfindungswesentlich angesehen.All mentioned features, including the drawings to be taken alone, are considered to be essential to the invention alone and in combination.
Claims (12)
- Textile web for underground applications comprising strips (11, 12, 13, 14) or threads made of thermoplastic plastic, which are interwoven with one another to yield a plane fabric (10) and of which a portion (16) is electrically non-conductive and another portion (15) is permanently antistatic, characterized in that the permanently antistatic portion (15) is quasi electrically conductive and has a permanently antistatic effect of from 108 to 1011 Ω by dispersing into it the conductivity increasing additives in the form of non-metallic, microcrystalline needles (24, 25, 26) to yield an electrically conductive grid (28), and in that the strips (11, 12, 13, 14) or threads are collectively flame-retarding on a permanent basis by dispersing into them substances having a fire-retarding effect in the form of a halogen-free product and that the strips (11, 12, 13, 14) or threads are furnished with an additive which increases the tensile strength of the strips (11, 12, 13, 14) or threads.
- Textile web for underground applications according to Claim 1,
characterized in that
the needles (24, 25, 26) are introduced into the plastic melt in such a way that they crystallize out during the cooling down process to form an electrically conductive grid (28). - Textile web for underground applications according to any one of the preceding Claims,
characterized in that
the portion (15) and the portion (16) of the strips (11, 12, 13) are filled with additives which increase the tensile strength of the strips (11, 12, 13, 14) or threads. - Textile web for underground applications according to any one of the preceding Claims,
characterized in that
the halogen-free product "Flamestab NOR 116" is used as additive for flame retardancy. - Textile web for underground applications according to any one of the preceding Claims,
characterized in that
the conductivity increasing additive having a water content of from 15 to 20, preferably 15 to 18 %, is introduced into the melt of the strips (11, 12, 15). - Textile web for underground applications according to any one of the preceding Claims,
characterized in that
the additive providing the flame retardancy having water content of from 0.5 to 1.8 %, preferably 1 %, is admixed to the melt of the strips (11, 12, 16). - Textile web for underground applications according to any one of the preceding Claims,
characterized in that
the strips (11, 12, 13, 14) forming the fabric (10) are sewn up to form an underground supporting pillar (1) or underground supporting container or to form supporting hoses (30) or to form cushions, with the seams (18) of the supporting hoses (30), of the containers or cushions consisting of the quasi electrically conductive strips (11, 12, 15) or threads and with the number of these strips (11, 12, 15) or threads being significantly increased in the seams. - Textile web for underground applications according to Claim 7,
characterized in that
the regions (21, 22) of the underground supporting pillars (1) or supporting hoses (30) adjacent to the rock formation (20) have an increased number of quasi electrically conductive strips (11, 12, 15), preferably 40 to 75 %. - Textile web for underground applications according to any one of the preceding Claims,
characterized in that
the strips (11, 12, 13, 14) are provided with a layer (38) which increases the tensile strength. - Textile web for underground applications according to any one of the preceding Claims,
characterized in that
the fabric (10) consists of the non-conductive strips (11, 12, 13, 14)/threads constituting the base material, into or onto which fabric (10) quasi electrically conductive strips (11, 12, 15) and/or threads are embedded or applied only in longitudinal direction or only in transverse direction and run along at a small distance < 30 mm. - Textile web for underground applications according to any one of the preceding Claims,
characterized in that
the fabric (10) comprises a coating (35) having a permanent antistatic Agent Ciba lrgastat P 18 and/or P 22 admixed thereto. - Textile web for underground applications according to Claim 11,
characterized in that
the coating (35) is applied only on the side (36) of the fabric (10) facing away from the rock formation (20), sealing said fabric (10) completely or at least to a large extent.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102004006871 | 2004-02-12 | ||
DE102004006871A DE102004006871A1 (en) | 2004-02-12 | 2004-02-12 | Permanently dissipative and permanently flame retardant fabric |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1564319A2 EP1564319A2 (en) | 2005-08-17 |
EP1564319A3 EP1564319A3 (en) | 2005-12-28 |
EP1564319B1 true EP1564319B1 (en) | 2009-01-07 |
Family
ID=34684018
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP05002760A Not-in-force EP1564319B1 (en) | 2004-02-12 | 2005-02-10 | Durable antistatic and flame-retardent fabric for underground applications |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP1564319B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE420228T1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE102004006871A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109763237A (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2019-05-17 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of preparation method of coal mine flame-retardant Antistatic Fabric |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE102008046053A1 (en) | 2008-09-08 | 2010-03-11 | Dr. Klaus Schulte Gmbh Chemisch-Technische Fabrikation | Safety cloth for e.g. underground mining, has chain and filling units that are interweaved with one another and comprising flame retardant and/or mixtures, where portion of retardant in units amounts to specific weight-percentages |
CN101792949B (en) * | 2010-03-10 | 2012-02-01 | 司振海 | Antistatic drum cloth for mine |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2101559B (en) | 1981-07-09 | 1985-12-04 | Humber Fabrics Limited | Electrically conductive container |
DE3938414C2 (en) | 1989-08-19 | 1994-04-14 | Eurea Verpackung | Bulk goods container made of a woven carrier bag and carrier devices attached to it |
GB9418955D0 (en) | 1994-09-21 | 1994-11-09 | Ciba Geigy Ag | Novel electroconductive composition |
DE29710701U1 (en) * | 1997-06-19 | 1997-08-28 | Schulte, Klaus, Dr., 44149 Dortmund | Permanently conductive fabric for underground use |
DE19826120C2 (en) | 1998-03-20 | 2001-06-07 | Eurea Verpackung | Flame retardant, electrically conductive fabric |
DE10048765C2 (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2003-02-20 | Eurea Verpackung | Antistatic fabric for flexible bulk containers |
TR200103444A2 (en) * | 2001-11-28 | 2003-06-23 | Sunj�T@Sun�@J�T@Sanay�@Ve@T�C@A@� | Large sack with multiple thread formation, providing permanent antistatic effect |
-
2004
- 2004-02-12 DE DE102004006871A patent/DE102004006871A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2005
- 2005-02-10 AT AT05002760T patent/ATE420228T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-02-10 DE DE502005006410T patent/DE502005006410D1/en active Active
- 2005-02-10 EP EP05002760A patent/EP1564319B1/en not_active Not-in-force
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109763237A (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2019-05-17 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of preparation method of coal mine flame-retardant Antistatic Fabric |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DE502005006410D1 (en) | 2009-02-26 |
DE102004006871A1 (en) | 2005-09-01 |
EP1564319A2 (en) | 2005-08-17 |
ATE420228T1 (en) | 2009-01-15 |
EP1564319A3 (en) | 2005-12-28 |
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