EP1556585B1 - Procede de production d'un dispositif pour convertir un mouvement rotatif en mouvement translatoire et dispositif correspondant obtenu d'apres ledit procede - Google Patents

Procede de production d'un dispositif pour convertir un mouvement rotatif en mouvement translatoire et dispositif correspondant obtenu d'apres ledit procede Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1556585B1
EP1556585B1 EP03798177A EP03798177A EP1556585B1 EP 1556585 B1 EP1556585 B1 EP 1556585B1 EP 03798177 A EP03798177 A EP 03798177A EP 03798177 A EP03798177 A EP 03798177A EP 1556585 B1 EP1556585 B1 EP 1556585B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
functional layer
layers
ceramic
region
camshaft
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03798177A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1556585A1 (fr
Inventor
Ralf Lang
Michael Seifert
Roman Zieris
Lutz-Michael Berger
Steffen Nowotny
Erwin Trageser
Reinhard Wolf
Reimund Neugebauer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Htm Haertetechnik & Metallbearbeitung GmbH
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Original Assignee
Htm Hartetechnik & Metallbearbeitung GmbH
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Htm Hartetechnik & Metallbearbeitung GmbH, Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV filed Critical Htm Hartetechnik & Metallbearbeitung GmbH
Publication of EP1556585A1 publication Critical patent/EP1556585A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1556585B1 publication Critical patent/EP1556585B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/06—Metallic material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2301/00—Using particular materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2301/00—Using particular materials
    • F01L2301/02—Using ceramic materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2303/00—Manufacturing of components used in valve arrangements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a device for converting a rotary into a translatory movement and a device produced according to this method.
  • the present invention relates to a camshaft, preferably for engines of motor vehicles.
  • the present invention also relates to similar elements or assemblies, which implement a rotational movement in a translational movement, in particular a lifting movement, for example by running lifting elements on rotating (curved) discs with different curvature and are moved counter to the direction of rotation.
  • cam gears preferably also be mentioned cam gears.
  • camshafts Preferably, however, used in the field of Rollenschlepphebelsysteme, but also built camshafts begin to prevail.
  • the fixation of the cam on the shaft for example, by pressing and / or by partial expansion of the shaft body directly under the cam.
  • the cams are individually and sequentially connected to the shaft.
  • the built camshafts are limits in the design freedom set. In addition, there is only a non-positive or positive connection of the cam with the shaft. In addition, the built camshafts are relatively expensive to manufacture, so the cost is about 30 percent higher compared to a conventional cast shaft.
  • the assembled camshafts are usually only used when the material casting reaches its technical limits.
  • built-in camshafts are used for weight reduction.
  • the realizable weight savings compared to solid cast camshafts is 20-40%.
  • a method for producing a camshaft and a camshaft produced therewith wherein the camshaft is produced by hydroforming and then in the region of the running surfaces a layer of wear-resistant material is applied by the action of a charge carrier beam.
  • a band-shaped or wire-shaped wear-resistant material is introduced in a vacuum into the energy field of the electron beam at a defined speed, melted and transferred to the running surface of a cam of the camshaft. Subsequently, the treads are machined to a desired final dimension.
  • cored wires and sheets also greatly limits the available material range for the coating.
  • the method described is unsuitable for application of non-conductive materials, such as ceramics.
  • the process for producing defined structures (which can result in layers of composite materials such as metal ceramics (hard metals)) is unsuitable when using the cored wires.
  • This object is achieved in procedural perspective according to the invention by a method for producing a device for converting a rotary into a translational movement, wherein at least partially, at least one functional layer of a ceramic, metal-ceramic or metallic material is applied with mechanical interlocking with a surface of the device.
  • the method according to the invention makes it possible to apply a wear-resistant layer to the device for converting a rotary into a translational movement without thermal distortion of the device occurring.
  • the inventive method allows a further reduction in weight and friction over the prior art by the use of wear-resistant ceramic, metal-ceramic and metallic layers.
  • a hollow shaft having at least one lifting element is (at least) produced in a hydroforming process ("hydroforming process").
  • hydroforming process it is advantageous if the at least one functional layer is applied in the region of a running surface of the at least one lifting element and / or in the region of bearing surfaces of the hollow shaft.
  • the functional layers applied in the region of the running surface of the at least one lifting element and / or in the region of bearing surfaces of the hollow shaft are made of identical or different materials and in each case in one or more embodiments be formed several layers.
  • a method from the group of methods of thermal spraying is used for producing the at least one functional layer made of a ceramic, metal-ceramic or metallic material while being clamped to the surface of the hollow shaft.
  • the at least one lifting element and / or the bearing surfaces are formed with a circumferential recess, which form a receptacle for the functional layer to be applied.
  • the functional layer is designed as a wear-resistant layer and / or as a friction-influencing layer.
  • the surfaces of the device in particular a camshaft, at least in the region of the applied functional layer (before application of the same) roughened, in particular sandblasted.
  • the above object is achieved in device-technical view according to the invention by a device for implementing a rotational in a translational movement produced by the above method.
  • the device is designed as a hollow, by means of hydroforming (IHU method) camshaft with at least one cam, wherein a running surface of the at least one cam and / or bearing surfaces of the camshaft wear-resistant ceramic, metal-ceramic or have metallic functional layers, which are connected to it with mechanical clamping.
  • hydroforming IHU method
  • ceramic coatings or metal-ceramic layers or metal-ceramic hard metal layers or metallic layers are applied by thermal spraying.
  • cams and / or the bearing surfaces have a circumferential Have trough, which serve as a bed for the functional layer to be applied.
  • the camshaft 1 shown by way of example in a longitudinal section in FIG. 1 with a cam 2 is an intake camshaft 1 made of the material St 52 produced by hydroforming (hydroforming) for a three-cylinder four-valve engine.
  • the complete camshaft has 6 cams.
  • cams 2 of the intake camshaft 1 Of the individual cams 2 of the intake camshaft 1, only one is shown in the sectional view for reasons of simplification, wherein all of the cams 2 of the intake camshaft 1 or some of the cams or one of the cams 2 are provided with a functional layer 3 and in the one shown in FIG may be formed below described type.
  • camshaft 1 can also be provided with a functional layer 3.
  • bearing surfaces of the camshaft 1 can be provided with such a functional layer 3.
  • the individual functional surfaces 3 (on the cams 2 or at other locations of the camshaft 1, in particular the bearing surfaces) can be made of the same or similar or equivalent materials or of different materials.
  • the choice of material is due in particular to the individual technical use (for example wear protection or friction improvement) and also to the technical boundary conditions.
  • the cams 2 each have a circumferential recess, wherein the recess has a substantially flat depression and two raised, radiused edge regions.
  • the present invention is not limited to the shape of the trough shown in FIG. Rather, this depends on the intended use, the shape of the functional surface to be produced, the respective coating method and the respective material of the functional surface dependent. For example, it is also possible to provide a plurality of essentially flat depressions, each with these limiting raised and radiused edge regions.
  • the material of the functional layer 3 completely fills the trough, wherein the functional layer is formed precisely with the raised edge regions of the trough. This results in a flat cam surface.
  • a depth of the well of 1 mm has proven to be particularly advantageous.
  • a width of the trough corresponds to a width of an associated roller cam follower of the engine, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • This mechanical clamping may preferably be assisted by providing the camshaft with a preliminary, roughening surface treatment, e.g. by sandblasting, possibly even only in the area of the troughs, is subjected. This increases the micro-surface of the camshaft and thereby the adhesion surface between the camshaft surface and the applied hard wear upper layer and increases the bonding strength between the sprayed-on layer and the cam surface.
  • the intake camshaft 1 was coated by means of atmospheric plasma spraying with a plant MF-P-1000 GTV mbH / Luckenbach.
  • a metal ceramics (hard metal) (Ti, Mo) (C, N) - 37% Ni, Co was used as the coating powder.
  • an Ar / H 2 plasma 50 l / min Ar, 11 l / min H 2 ) at a current of 630 A was used. The spray distance was 110 mm.
  • coating methods can be used, in which the layer deposition is based at least substantially on a mechanical clamping of the layer on the substrate and cause only a small thermal energy input.
  • Such coating methods are preferably found in the process group of thermal spraying, so in particular, in addition to plasma spraying and high-speed flame spraying (HVOF).
  • the cams are ground to final dimensions, resulting in the running surface of the cam 2.
  • a production of a (still uncoated) camshaft takes place by means of the hydroforming process.
  • the layer deposition takes place by such methods, which are based essentially on a mechanical clamping of the layer on the substrate and which cause only a small thermal energy input, preferably from the process group of thermal spraying (eg plasma spraying, high-velocity flame spraying (HVOF), etc.).
  • thermal spraying eg plasma spraying, high-velocity flame spraying (HVOF), etc.
  • the above embodiments have a high flexibility through the use of different materials, which can be adapted to the requirements of the camshaft in the different engines.
  • up to 1.5 mm thick wear protection layers can be produced with new metallic, ceramic or metal-ceramic materials in a simple manner and without major technical effort.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
  • Noodles (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Resistance Or Impedance (AREA)
  • Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
  • Manipulator (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Procédé de fabrication d'un arbre creux (3), au moins un élément formant moyeu (2) étant fabriqué en un procédé de formage sous haute pression intérieure, avec un creux circulaire, le creux étant délimité par deux zones de bordure munies de rayons, et au moins une couche fonctionnelle (3), formée d'un matériau céramique métallo-céramique ou métallique, étant apportée, en remplissant le creux et en adhérant mécaniquement à une surface du creux, l'élément formant moyeu recevant un traitement de finition dans la zone de la couche fonctionnelle pour former une surface fonctionnelle.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'au moins une couche fonctionnelle (3) est apportée dans la zone d'une face de glissement de l'au moins un élément formant moyeu (2) et/ou dans la zone de faces de palier de l'arbre creux (1).
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que les couches fonctionnelles (3), apportées dans la zone de la face de glissement de l'au moins un élément formant moyeu (2) et/ou dans la zone de faces de palier de l'arbre creux (1), sont réalisées à partir d'un matériau identique ou différent, et chaque fois en une ou plusieurs couches.
  4. Procédé selon au moins une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'un procédé issu du groupe de procédés de la projection thermique, en particulier de la projection au plasma, ou de la projection à la flamme sous haute vitesse, pour fabriquer l'au moins une couche fonctionnelle (3) à partir d'un matériau céramique, métallo-céramique ou métallique, avec adhérence avec la surface du dispositif (1), est utilisé.
  5. Procédé selon au moins l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la couche fonctionnelle (3) est réalisée en tant que couche de protection contre l'usure et/ou de couche d'influence sur le frottement.
  6. Procédé selon au moins l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les surfaces de l'arbre creux, en particulier de l'arbre à cames, sont rendues rugueuses, en particulier sont soumises à une projection par sablage, au moins dans la zone de la couche fonctionnelle.
  7. Arbre à cames, ayant au moins une came (2) fabriquée suivant un procédé selon au moins l'une des revendications 1 à 6, une face de glissement de l'au moins une came (3) et/ou des faces de palier de l'arbre à cames (1) présentant des couches fonctionnelles (3) céramiques, métallo-céramiques ou métalliques résistantes à l'usure, reliées avec adhérence mécanique à elle, les cames et/ou les faces de palier présentant une auge circulaire, avec un creux circulaire sensiblement plat et deux zones de bordure en relief ayant des rayons, servant de lit pour la couche fonctionnelle à apporter.
  8. Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que des couches céramiques et/ou des couches métallo-céramiques, ou des couches en métal dur métallo-céramiques ou des couches métalliques, sont apportées par projection thermique.
  9. Dispositif selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que des couches en métal dur sont appliquées par projection à la flamme à haute vitesse.
EP03798177A 2002-09-23 2003-09-23 Procede de production d'un dispositif pour convertir un mouvement rotatif en mouvement translatoire et dispositif correspondant obtenu d'apres ledit procede Expired - Lifetime EP1556585B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10244151 2002-09-23
DE10244151A DE10244151A1 (de) 2002-09-23 2002-09-23 Beschichtete hohle Nockenwelle
PCT/EP2003/010581 WO2004029421A1 (fr) 2002-09-23 2003-09-23 Procede de production d'un dispositif pour convertir un mouvement rotatif en mouvement translatoire et dispositif correspondant obtenu d'apres ledit procede

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1556585A1 EP1556585A1 (fr) 2005-07-27
EP1556585B1 true EP1556585B1 (fr) 2006-04-12

Family

ID=31983992

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03798177A Expired - Lifetime EP1556585B1 (fr) 2002-09-23 2003-09-23 Procede de production d'un dispositif pour convertir un mouvement rotatif en mouvement translatoire et dispositif correspondant obtenu d'apres ledit procede

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1556585B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE323216T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2003275979A1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10244151A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2262023T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004029421A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004025553B4 (de) * 2004-05-25 2006-04-20 Daimlerchrysler Ag Nockenwelle und ein Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
DE102009025023A1 (de) 2009-06-10 2010-12-16 Neumayer Tekfor Holding Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Nockenwelle und entsprechende Nockenwelle

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB859327A (en) * 1957-12-12 1961-01-18 Maybach Motorenbau Gmbh Improvements in and relating to shafts
DE1082461B (de) * 1957-12-12 1960-05-25 Maybach Motorenbau Gmbh Welle, besonders Nockenwelle
DE3303629C2 (de) * 1982-02-26 1986-04-10 Kokan Kako Co., Ltd., Yokohama, Kanagawa Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Nockenwelle mit mindestens einem exzentrischen Nocken
DE3342316A1 (de) * 1983-11-23 1985-05-30 Bayerische Motoren Werke AG, 8000 München Nockenwelle fuer brennkraftmaschinen
DE19545991A1 (de) * 1995-12-09 1997-06-12 Eckel Gmbh & Co Kg Heinrich Gewichtsreduzierte Nockenwelle
DE19617593A1 (de) * 1996-05-02 1998-01-29 Haerle Hans A Dipl Ing Hohle Nockenwelle aus Rohr
JPH11241605A (ja) * 1998-02-24 1999-09-07 Tube Foming Co Ltd 中空一体型カムシャフトおよびその製造方法
DE19907258C1 (de) * 1999-02-21 2000-09-07 Saechsische Elektronenstrahl G Verfahren zur Herstellung von Nockenwellen und danach hergestellte Nockenwelle
DE20121375U1 (de) * 2001-10-11 2002-08-08 Salzgitter Antriebstechnik GmbH & Co. KG, 08451 Crimmitschau Als Hohlwelle ausgebildete Nockenwelle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2003275979A8 (en) 2004-04-19
AU2003275979A1 (en) 2004-04-19
ES2262023T3 (es) 2006-11-16
DE10244151A1 (de) 2004-04-08
WO2004029421A1 (fr) 2004-04-08
ATE323216T1 (de) 2006-04-15
EP1556585A1 (fr) 2005-07-27
DE50302979D1 (de) 2006-05-24

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