EP1552241A2 - Firearm ammunition projectile - Google Patents

Firearm ammunition projectile

Info

Publication number
EP1552241A2
EP1552241A2 EP03776967A EP03776967A EP1552241A2 EP 1552241 A2 EP1552241 A2 EP 1552241A2 EP 03776967 A EP03776967 A EP 03776967A EP 03776967 A EP03776967 A EP 03776967A EP 1552241 A2 EP1552241 A2 EP 1552241A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
recesses
diameter
point
recess
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP03776967A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1552241B1 (en
Inventor
Christophe CREL FICHOT
Pierre CREL DELOUME
Jean-Jacques CREL DORRZAPF
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Etat Francais Represente Par Le Ministere De L'interieur de la Securite Interieur Et Des Libertes Locales
Etat Francais
Original Assignee
Etat Francais Represente Par Le Ministere De L'interieur de la Securite Interieur Et Des Libertes Locales
Etat Francais
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Etat Francais Represente Par Le Ministere De L'interieur de la Securite Interieur Et Des Libertes Locales, Etat Francais filed Critical Etat Francais Represente Par Le Ministere De L'interieur de la Securite Interieur Et Des Libertes Locales
Publication of EP1552241A2 publication Critical patent/EP1552241A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1552241B1 publication Critical patent/EP1552241B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B10/00—Means for influencing, e.g. improving, the aerodynamic properties of projectiles or missiles; Arrangements on projectiles or missiles for stabilising, steering, range-reducing, range-increasing or fall-retarding
    • F42B10/32—Range-reducing or range-increasing arrangements; Fall-retarding means
    • F42B10/48—Range-reducing, destabilising or braking arrangements, e.g. impact-braking arrangements; Fall-retarding means, e.g. balloons, rockets for braking or fall-retarding
    • F42B10/52—Nose cones
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B10/00—Means for influencing, e.g. improving, the aerodynamic properties of projectiles or missiles; Arrangements on projectiles or missiles for stabilising, steering, range-reducing, range-increasing or fall-retarding
    • F42B10/02—Stabilising arrangements
    • F42B10/22—Projectiles of cannelured type

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an ammunition projectile for a firearm, in particular a handgun, this projectile comprising a point and a base.
  • the projectiles known from the prior art have various drawbacks. They are mostly lead-based, which has the effect of generating significant pollution in shooting ranges during training and competitions. In addition, when used in the field, they have kinetic energy which is dissipated only very slowly. Therefore, they are able, when used on public roads, to cross two people one behind the other, which makes them particularly dangerous. They are therefore incompatible with use by the police.
  • the publication FR-A-2 527 764 describes an exercise shell used for shooting training and the adjustment of artillery pieces.
  • This exercise shell is notably intended to simulate, over short distances, real shots of longer ranges in order to identify the causes of inaccuracies in the shot and to make adjustments to the weapon.
  • the accuracy of the shell firing over short distances is impaired.
  • the shell has an interior recess, an end provided with a flat and a recess intended to modify the center of gravity of the shell.
  • the recess is provided asymmetric so that the shell rotated by the stripes of the barrel deviates slightly from its trajectory. This shell does not guarantee the trajectory accuracy and is not suitable for handguns. This solution is therefore not satisfactory.
  • Publication EP-A-0 015 574 describes a hunting projectile comprising helical grooves offering resistance to the rotation of the projectile during its trajectory.
  • the helical grooves slow down its rotation on its trajectory, making it unstable and causing it to rock to the ground.
  • the projectile thus stops running prematurely. Its maximum range is reduced.
  • the helical grooves which provide a sharper impact hole do not have an immediate braking effect. This solution is therefore not satisfactory.
  • the publication US-B-6 363 856 describes a handgun ammunition whose end has a flat.
  • the projectile has a density lower than that of commonly used projectiles causing, during firing, a rapid decrease in the speed of the projectile to reduce its dangerous range.
  • This ammunition further comprises a jacket which, upon impact detaches from the projectile, thereby giving it an excess of power simultaneously promoting its penetration into the target and its fragmentation so that the projectile does not reach other non-targeted targets. .
  • the lightening of this projectile is obtained by the use of very light resins which considerably degrade its aerodynamics and reduce the precision of its trajectory. This solution is therefore not satisfactory.
  • the publication FR-A-2 820 495 describes a projectile for ammunition with reduced range comprising a hollow body extended by a rounded warhead provided with a plurality of hollow impressions delimited by two planes forming a dihedron whose central edge is parallel to the axis of the warhead. These footprints in recesses are intended to slow down the rotation imparted to the projectile by the scratches of the barrel of the weapon.
  • the projectiles are thus, as for publication EP-A-0 015 574, braked by destabilization. These projectiles therefore leave their mid-course trajectory, thus reducing their range. Braking is not immediate. This solution is therefore not satisfactory.
  • the aim of the present invention is to overcome these drawbacks by proposing a handgun projectile, having a precise and reliable trajectory, limited penetration in soft medium, and which, according to the embodiment, is capable of crossing or be arrested by a bulletproof vest.
  • a projectile as described in the preamble characterized in that the point has a substantially conical shape and comprises at least two recesses arranged substantially symmetrically, these recesses having a curvilinear profile from one edge to the other.
  • the recesses preferably have a rounded base to allow the ammunition provided with this projectile to be used without hooking in an automatic weapon.
  • the recesses can be formed by two curvilinear planes, the intersection of which is delimited by a radial edge.
  • the point comprises a central flat whose diameter is advantageously comprised substantially between 10 and 50% of the diameter of the projectile at the base of the point and preferably between a quarter and a third of the diameter of the projectile.
  • the tip and the base include a recess.
  • the recess is arranged to receive a closure means.
  • the projectile is made of a soft metal and in particular, advantageously of copper or one of its alloys.
  • the closure means is made of hard metal to be able to absorb the stresses to which the projectile is subjected and for example steel.
  • the recess comprises an at least partially threaded central zone and said closure means is a screw partially engaged in this central zone.
  • the projectile is formed from a piece of brass.
  • FIG. 1 represents an elevation view of a first embodiment of a projectile according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 represents the projectile of FIG. 1 seen in axial section
  • FIG. 3 is a top view of the projectile of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 4 represents an elevation view of a second embodiment of a projectile according to the invention
  • FIG. 5 represents the projectile of FIG. 4 seen in axial section
  • FIG. 6 is a top view of the projectile of Figure 4.
  • the projectile according to the invention is mainly intended for public security services.
  • a bulletproof vest in particular a bulletproof vest made up of twenty four plies of a synthetic sheet material such as for example that sold under the brand KEVLAR TM or any equivalent material having similar characteristics.
  • the projectile 10 has an approximately conical tip 11 and a cylindrical base 12.
  • the conical tip 11 has an apex angle of between 30 and 45 degrees and preferably approximately 38 degrees. It is provided with a more or less large central flat 13, of substantially circular shape, the diameter of which is between 10 and 50% of the diameter of the projectile at the base of the point 11 or of the base 12.
  • the flat 13 has a diameter substantially between a quarter and a third of the diameter of the projectile 10.
  • the tip 11 On its lateral face, the tip 11 has at least two recesses 14, arranged substantially symmetrically to each other with respect to axial planes, and obtained either by stamping, or by milling, or by any other suitable machining process.
  • the tip 11 substantially frustoconical has five recesses 14, regularly spaced along axes 17 angularly arranged at seventy-two degrees each of the adjacent axes 17.
  • the number of recesses 14 and their angular position may vary depending on the embodiments and depends in particular on the caliber of the projectile 10.
  • Each recess 14 has a rounded base to allow correct feeding without catching the cartridge containing the projectile 10 in an automatic weapon.
  • the recesses 14 have a curvilinear profile from one edge to the other. The absence of an axial edge makes it possible to prevent the rotation of the projectile 10 from being disturbed as soon as it leaves the barrel of the weapon.
  • the projectile 10 is hollow and has a recess 15 which extends axially through the cylindrical base 12 and extends into the tip 11.
  • This recess 15 has a frontal zone 15a in the shape of a point extended by a central zone 15b cylindrical which opens into an intermediate zone 15c of conical shape extended by a rear zone 15d cylindrical, the section of which is greater than that of the central zone 15b.
  • the projectile 10 is preferably made of a relatively soft metal such as for example copper or one of its alloys.
  • the projectile 10 described which was used for the tests has a diameter of 8.97 mm in caliber 9 mm parabellum and weighs 5.6 grams.
  • the initial speed in a GLOCK 19 brand pistol having a 10 cm barrel is 400 m / s, ie a kinetic energy of approximately 450 joules.
  • the particular profile of the tip 11 of frustoconical shape which is the least aerodynamic as well as the presence of the central flat 13 and of the recesses 14 have the effect of ensuring a significant braking of the projectile 10 on its trajectory in the air and of reducing its penetration into a soft environment without altering the accuracy of its trajectory.
  • the average penetration of projectile 10 into the reference medium, namely 10% gelatin is 45 centimeters. This corresponds to a reduction of around 40% compared to what is obtained with ordinary armored bullet ammunition.
  • the projectile 10 according to the invention is braked due to its poor index of penetration into the air, while keeping a well-controlled trajectory.
  • the result of this braking is a reduction in penetration in a soft environment, this penetration being lower the greater the firing distance.
  • the maximum range is around 1200 meters while that of known projectiles is around 1800 meters.
  • a sealing means 16 for example a steel screw, in particular a screw of the PARKER TM type with conical head can be engaged in the rear zone 15d cylindrical and the central zone 15b of the recess 15.
  • This screw can be replaced by any other closing means such as a hard metal stud driven into the rear zone 15d of the recess 15.
  • the means of obturation 16 is a screw, the central zone is at least partially threaded so that this screw can be fixed by screwing.
  • the intermediate zone 15c and the rear zone 15d are arranged to receive the head of this screw.
  • the diameter of the passage opening is approximately two millimeters.
  • the rubber curtains commonly used as protection in shooting ranges can be maintained with this projectile 10, so that the same ammunition can be used both outside by the security services and in the shooting ranges for training.
  • the ammunition is non-polluting since it does not contain lead.
  • the fact that the projectile 10 is hollow makes it possible to guarantee that it does not puncture a bulletproof vest of twenty four plies of KEVLAR TM or its equivalent.
  • the recess 15 has a diameter of the order of three millimeters in its central zone 15b and is extended in the tip 11 to allow the deformation of the latter at the time of impact.
  • the tip 11 of the projectile 10 also deforms on impact on a vehicle windshield. However, the crossing of this screen by the projectile 10 is done without significant loss of mass and the closure means 16 remains in place.
  • the projectile 20 has an approximately conical point 21 and a substantially cylindrical base 22. Unlike the tip 11 of the projectile 10, the tip 21 is not provided with a central flat 13. On its lateral face, the tip 21, substantially conical, has at least two recesses 24, arranged symmetrically with respect to each other. axial planes, and obtained either by stamping, or by milling, or by any other suitable machining process. The embodiment described and shown shows (see Figure 6) that the substantially conical tip 21 has five recesses 24, regularly spaced along axes 25 angularly arranged at seventy-two degrees each of the neighboring axes.
  • the number of recesses 24 their angular position can vary according to the embodiments and depends in particular on the caliber of the projectile 20.
  • Each recess 24 has a rounded base to allow correct feeding without catching the cartridge containing the projectile 20 in an automatic weapon.
  • the recesses 24 have a curvilinear profile from one edge to the other. The absence of an axial edge makes it possible to prevent the rotation of the projectile 20 from being affected as soon as it leaves the barrel of the weapon.
  • the projectile 20 also differs from the projectile 10 in that it does not have a central recess 15. It is solid and preferably made of brass or a similar alloy as regards the physical characteristics with the exception of a lead containing alloy. Its manufacture can be done by cold or hot stamping and the recesses 24 can be made by any suitable machining. The tests were carried out with a projectile 20 as described of 8.97 mm in diameter in caliber 9 parabellum which weighs 5.6 grams and at an initial speed in the pistol of the brand GLOCK 19 having a barrel of ten centimeters, is 400m / s or an energy of about 450 joules.
  • this projectile 20 on its trajectory is substantially the same as that of the projectile 10 except that its braking is less due to the absence of a central flat on the tip 21. Furthermore, its perforation capacity is significantly higher since the tests have revealed that it crosses at least forty-eight plies of KEVLAR TM or its equivalent.
  • the two projectiles 10 and 20 have different performances as regards their capacity to perforate bullet-proof vests.
  • the projectile 10 is arranged to be stopped by a bulletproof vest and the projectile 20 is arranged to pass through it.
  • the recesses are in even number and arranged symmetrically with respect to the axis of the projectile.
  • the recesses are formed by two curvilinear planes defining between them a radial edge. This radial edge being in the direction of rotation of the projectile, it does not affect the speed of rotation of the projectile nor the precision of its trajectory.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
  • Operating, Guiding And Securing Of Roll- Type Closing Members (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
  • Synchronizing For Television (AREA)
  • Vending Machines For Individual Products (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an ammunition projectile for a firearm and, in particular, a handgun. The inventive projectile, which comprises a nose and a cup, is designed such as to slow down sufficiently in the air that it can be stopped by a bullet-proof vest, said projectile having a precise and reliable trajectory. More specifically, the projectile (10) comprises a generally truncated-cone-shaped nose (11) and a cylindrical cup (12). The aforementioned nose (11) is provided with a central, essentially-circular flat section (13) which can be made larger or smaller and which has a diameter of between 10 and 50 % of the diameter of the projectile at the base of the nose (11) or the cup (12). The lateral face of the truncated-cone-shaped nose (11) is provided with five cavities (14) which are disposed symmetrically in relation to the axial planes and which are obtained by means of stamping, milling or any other suitable machining method. The invention is suitable for ammunition.

Description

PROJECTILE DE MUNITION POUR ARME A FEUFIREARMS AMMUNITION PROJECTILE
Domaine technique :Technical area :
La présente invention concerne un projectile de munition pour arme à feu, en particulier une arme de poing, ce projectile comportant une pointe et un culot.The present invention relates to an ammunition projectile for a firearm, in particular a handgun, this projectile comprising a point and a base.
Technique antérieure :Prior art:
Les projectiles connus de l'art antérieur présentent divers inconvénients. Ils sont pour la plupart à base de plomb, ce qui a pour effet de générer une pollution importante dans les stands de tir au moment des entraînements et des compétitions. En outre, lorsqu'ils sont utilisés sur le terrain, ils ont une énergie cinétique qui n'est dissipée que très lentement. De ce fait, ils sont capables, lors d'un usage sur la voie publique, de traverser deux personnes l'une derrière l'autre, ce qui les rend particulièrement dangereux. Ils sont de ce fait, incompatibles pour un usage par des forces de police.The projectiles known from the prior art have various drawbacks. They are mostly lead-based, which has the effect of generating significant pollution in shooting ranges during training and competitions. In addition, when used in the field, they have kinetic energy which is dissipated only very slowly. Therefore, they are able, when used on public roads, to cross two people one behind the other, which makes them particularly dangerous. They are therefore incompatible with use by the police.
La publication FR-A-2 527 764 décrit un obus d'exercice utilisé pour l'entraînement au tir et le réglage des pièces d'artillerie. Cet obus d'exercice est notamment destiné à simuler, sur courtes distances, des tirs réels de plus longues portées afin d'identifier les causes d'imprécisions du tir et de procéder aux réglages de l'arme. Pour recréer des conditions de réglage réalistes, la précision du tir de l'obus sur courtes distances est altérée. A cet effet, l'obus comporte un évidement intérieur, une extrémité pourvue d'un méplat et une creusure destinés à modifier le centre de gravité de l'obus. La creusure est prévue asymétrique pour que l'obus mis en rotation par les rayures du canon dévie légèrement de sa trajectoire. Cet obus ne permet pas de garantir la précision de la trajectoire et n'est pas adapté aux armes de poing. Cette solution n'est donc pas satisfaisante.The publication FR-A-2 527 764 describes an exercise shell used for shooting training and the adjustment of artillery pieces. This exercise shell is notably intended to simulate, over short distances, real shots of longer ranges in order to identify the causes of inaccuracies in the shot and to make adjustments to the weapon. To recreate realistic setting conditions, the accuracy of the shell firing over short distances is impaired. For this purpose, the shell has an interior recess, an end provided with a flat and a recess intended to modify the center of gravity of the shell. The recess is provided asymmetric so that the shell rotated by the stripes of the barrel deviates slightly from its trajectory. This shell does not guarantee the trajectory accuracy and is not suitable for handguns. This solution is therefore not satisfactory.
La publication EP-A-0 015 574 décrit un projectile de chasse comportant des rainures hélicoïdales offrant une résistance à la rotation du projectile lors de sa trajectoire. Ainsi, après que le projectile ait parcouru une certaine distance, par exemple 300 mètres pour les projectiles d'arme de chasse, les rainures hélicoïdales freinent sa rotation sur sa trajectoire, le rendant instable et provoquant sa bascule vers le sol. Le projectile arrête ainsi sa course prématurément. Sa portée maximale est réduite. Les rainures hélicoïdales qui permettent d'obtenir un orifice d'impact plus net n'ont pas un effet de freinage immédiat. Cette solution n'est donc pas satisfaisante.Publication EP-A-0 015 574 describes a hunting projectile comprising helical grooves offering resistance to the rotation of the projectile during its trajectory. Thus, after the projectile has traveled a certain distance, for example 300 meters for hunting weapon projectiles, the helical grooves slow down its rotation on its trajectory, making it unstable and causing it to rock to the ground. The projectile thus stops running prematurely. Its maximum range is reduced. The helical grooves which provide a sharper impact hole do not have an immediate braking effect. This solution is therefore not satisfactory.
La publication US-B-6 363 856 décrit une munition pour arme de poing dont l'extrémité comporte un méplat. Le projectile a une masse volumique inférieure à celle des projectiles couramment utilisés provoquant, lors du tir, une diminution rapide de la vitesse du projectile pour réduire sa portée dangereuse. Cette munition comporte de plus une chemise qui, lors de l'impact se désolidarise du projectile, lui conférant alors un surplus de puissance favorisant simultanément sa pénétration dans la cible et sa fragmentation pour que le projectile n'atteigne pas d'autres cibles non visées. L'allégement de ce projectile est obtenu par l'utilisation de résines très légères qui dégradent considérablement son aérodynamisme et réduisent la précision de sa trajectoire. Cette solution n'est donc pas satisfaisante.The publication US-B-6 363 856 describes a handgun ammunition whose end has a flat. The projectile has a density lower than that of commonly used projectiles causing, during firing, a rapid decrease in the speed of the projectile to reduce its dangerous range. This ammunition further comprises a jacket which, upon impact detaches from the projectile, thereby giving it an excess of power simultaneously promoting its penetration into the target and its fragmentation so that the projectile does not reach other non-targeted targets. . The lightening of this projectile is obtained by the use of very light resins which considerably degrade its aerodynamics and reduce the precision of its trajectory. This solution is therefore not satisfactory.
La publication FR-A-2 820 495 décrit un projectile pour munition à portée réduite comportant un corps creux prolongé par une ogive arrondie pourvue d'une pluralité d'empreintes creuses délimitées par deux plans formant un dièdre dont l'arête centrale est parallèle à l'axe de l'ogive. Ces empreintes en creux sont destinées à freiner la rotation imprimée au projectile par les rayures du canon de l'arme. Les projectiles sont ainsi, comme pour la publication EP-A- 0 015 574, freinés par déstabilisation. Ces projectiles quittent donc leur trajectoire à mi parcours réduisant ainsi leur portée. Le freinage n'est pas immédiat. Cette solution n'est donc pas satisfaisante.The publication FR-A-2 820 495 describes a projectile for ammunition with reduced range comprising a hollow body extended by a rounded warhead provided with a plurality of hollow impressions delimited by two planes forming a dihedron whose central edge is parallel to the axis of the warhead. These footprints in recesses are intended to slow down the rotation imparted to the projectile by the scratches of the barrel of the weapon. The projectiles are thus, as for publication EP-A-0 015 574, braked by destabilization. These projectiles therefore leave their mid-course trajectory, thus reducing their range. Braking is not immediate. This solution is therefore not satisfactory.
Exposé de l'invention :Statement of the invention:
Le but de la présente invention est de pallier ces inconvénients en proposant un projectile pour arme de poing, ayant une trajectoire précise et fiable, une pénétration limitée en milieu mou, et qui, selon le mode de réalisation, est susceptible de traverser ou d'être arrêté par un gilet pare balles.The aim of the present invention is to overcome these drawbacks by proposing a handgun projectile, having a precise and reliable trajectory, limited penetration in soft medium, and which, according to the embodiment, is capable of crossing or be arrested by a bulletproof vest.
Ce but est atteint par un projectile tel que décrit en préambule, caractérisé en ce que la pointe a une forme sensiblement conique et comporte au moins deux creusures disposées sensiblement symétriquement, ces creusures ayant un profil curviligne d'un bord à l'autre.This object is achieved by a projectile as described in the preamble, characterized in that the point has a substantially conical shape and comprises at least two recesses arranged substantially symmetrically, these recesses having a curvilinear profile from one edge to the other.
Les creusures ont de préférence une base arrondie pour permettre à la munition pourvue de ce projectile d'être utilisée sans accrochage dans une arme automatique.The recesses preferably have a rounded base to allow the ammunition provided with this projectile to be used without hooking in an automatic weapon.
Les creusures peuvent être formées par deux plans curvilignes dont l'intersection est délimitée par une arête radiale.The recesses can be formed by two curvilinear planes, the intersection of which is delimited by a radial edge.
Selon un premier mode de réalisation, la pointe comporte un méplat central dont le diamètre est avantageusement compris sensiblement entre 10 et 50 % du diamètre du projectile à la base de la pointe et de préférence compris entre le quart et le tiers du diamètre du projectile.According to a first embodiment, the point comprises a central flat whose diameter is advantageously comprised substantially between 10 and 50% of the diameter of the projectile at the base of the point and preferably between a quarter and a third of the diameter of the projectile.
En outre, selon ce premier mode de réalisation, la pointe et le culot comportent un évidement.In addition, according to this first embodiment, the tip and the base include a recess.
D'une manière particulièrement avantageuse, l'évidement est agencé pour recevoir un moyen d'obturation.In a particularly advantageous manner, the recess is arranged to receive a closure means.
Selon une forme de réalisation préférentielle, le projectile est réalisé en un métal mou et en particulier, avantageusement en cuivre ou un de ses alliages.According to a preferred embodiment, the projectile is made of a soft metal and in particular, advantageously of copper or one of its alloys.
Le moyen d'obturation est en métal dur pour pouvoir absorber les contraintes auxquelles est soumis le projectile et par exemple en acier.The closure means is made of hard metal to be able to absorb the stresses to which the projectile is subjected and for example steel.
De préférence, l'évidement comporte une zone centrale au moins partiellement filetée et ledit moyen d'obturation est une vis engagée partiellement dans cette zone centrale.Preferably, the recess comprises an at least partially threaded central zone and said closure means is a screw partially engaged in this central zone.
De manière préférentielle, le projectile est formé d'une pièce en laiton.Preferably, the projectile is formed from a piece of brass.
Description sommaire des dessins :Brief description of the drawings:
La présente invention et ses avantages apparaîtront mieux dans la description suivante de deux modes de réalisation principaux de l'invention, en référence aux dessins annexés, donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs, dans lesquels :The present invention and its advantages will appear more clearly in the following description of two main embodiments of the invention, with reference to the appended drawings, given by way of nonlimiting examples, in which:
- la figure 1 représente une vue en élévation d'une première forme de réalisation d'un projectile selon l'invention, - la figure 2 représente le projectile de la figure 1 vu en coupe axiale,FIG. 1 represents an elevation view of a first embodiment of a projectile according to the invention, FIG. 2 represents the projectile of FIG. 1 seen in axial section,
- la figure 3 est une vue de dessus du projectile de la figure 1 ,FIG. 3 is a top view of the projectile of FIG. 1,
- la figure 4 représente une vue en élévation d'une deuxième forme de réalisation d'un projectile selon l'invention,FIG. 4 represents an elevation view of a second embodiment of a projectile according to the invention,
- la figure 5 représente le projectile de la figure 4 vu en coupe axiale, etFIG. 5 represents the projectile of FIG. 4 seen in axial section, and
- la figure 6 est une vue de dessus du projectile de la figure 4.- Figure 6 is a top view of the projectile of Figure 4.
Illustration de l'invention :Illustration of the invention:
Le projectile selon l'invention, illustré par les figures 1 à 3 est destiné principalement à des services de sécurité publique. Une de ses qualités essentielles est de pouvoir être arrêté par un gilet pare balles, notamment un gilet pare balles constitué de vingt quatre plis d'un matériau synthétique en feuilles tel que par exemple celui commercialisé sous la marque KEVLAR™ ou tout matériau équivalent ayant des caractéristiques similaires.The projectile according to the invention, illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3, is mainly intended for public security services. One of its essential qualities is that it can be stopped by a bulletproof vest, in particular a bulletproof vest made up of twenty four plies of a synthetic sheet material such as for example that sold under the brand KEVLAR ™ or any equivalent material having similar characteristics.
Comme le montrent les figures 1 à 3, le projectile 10 comporte une pointe 11 approximativement conique et un culot 12 cylindrique. La pointe 11 conique a un angle au sommet compris entre 30 et 45 degrés et de préférence approximativement égal à 38 degrés. Elle est pourvue d'un méplat central 13 plus ou moins important, de forme sensiblement circulaire, dont le diamètre est compris entre 10 et 50 % du diamètre du projectile à la base de la pointe 11 ou du culot 12. De préférence, le méplat 13 a un diamètre sensiblement compris entre le quart et le tiers du diamètre du projectile 10. Sur sa face latérale, la pointe 11 présente au moins deux creusures 14, disposées sensiblement symétriquement entre-elles par rapport à des plans axiaux, et obtenues soit par emboutissage, soit par fraisage, soit par tout autre procédé d'usinage approprié. L'exemple de réalisation décrit et représenté, montre (voir figure 3) que la pointe 11 sensiblement tronconique présente cinq creusures 14, espacées régulièrement selon des axes 17 angulairement disposés à soixante douze degrés chacun des axes 17 voisins. Le nombre de creusures 14 et leur position angulaire peuvent varier selon les réalisations et dépend en particulier du calibre du projectile 10. Chaque creusure 14 a une base arrondie pour permettre une alimentation correcte sans accrochage de la cartouche contenant le projectile 10 dans une arme automatique. De plus, les creusures 14 ont un profil curviligne d'un bord à l'autre. L'absence d'arête axiale permet d'éviter que la rotation du projectile 10 ne soit perturbée dès la sortie du canon de l'arme.As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the projectile 10 has an approximately conical tip 11 and a cylindrical base 12. The conical tip 11 has an apex angle of between 30 and 45 degrees and preferably approximately 38 degrees. It is provided with a more or less large central flat 13, of substantially circular shape, the diameter of which is between 10 and 50% of the diameter of the projectile at the base of the point 11 or of the base 12. Preferably, the flat 13 has a diameter substantially between a quarter and a third of the diameter of the projectile 10. On its lateral face, the tip 11 has at least two recesses 14, arranged substantially symmetrically to each other with respect to axial planes, and obtained either by stamping, or by milling, or by any other suitable machining process. The embodiment described and shown shows (see Figure 3) that the tip 11 substantially frustoconical has five recesses 14, regularly spaced along axes 17 angularly arranged at seventy-two degrees each of the adjacent axes 17. The number of recesses 14 and their angular position may vary depending on the embodiments and depends in particular on the caliber of the projectile 10. Each recess 14 has a rounded base to allow correct feeding without catching the cartridge containing the projectile 10 in an automatic weapon. In addition, the recesses 14 have a curvilinear profile from one edge to the other. The absence of an axial edge makes it possible to prevent the rotation of the projectile 10 from being disturbed as soon as it leaves the barrel of the weapon.
En outre, le projectile 10 est creux et comporte un évidement 15 qui s'étend axialement à travers le culot 12 cylindrique et se prolonge dans la pointe 11. Cet évidement 15 comporte une zone frontale 15a en forme de pointe prolongée par une zone centrale 15b cylindrique qui débouche dans une zone intermédiaire 15c de forme conique prolongée par une zone arrière 15d cylindrique dont la section est supérieure à celle de la zone centrale 15b.In addition, the projectile 10 is hollow and has a recess 15 which extends axially through the cylindrical base 12 and extends into the tip 11. This recess 15 has a frontal zone 15a in the shape of a point extended by a central zone 15b cylindrical which opens into an intermediate zone 15c of conical shape extended by a rear zone 15d cylindrical, the section of which is greater than that of the central zone 15b.
Meilleure manière de réaliser l'invention :Best way to realize the invention:
Le projectile 10 est de préférence réalisé en un métal relativement tendre comme par exemple le cuivre ou un de ses alliages. A titre d'exemple non limitatif, le projectile 10 décrit qui a servi aux essais a un diamètre de 8,97 mm en calibre 9 mm parabellum et pèse 5,6 grammes. La vitesse initiale dans un pistolet de la marque GLOCK 19 ayant un canon de 10 centimètres est de 400 m/s, soit une énergie cinétique d'environ 450 joules. Le profil particulier de la pointe 11 de forme tronconique qui est la moins aérodynamique ainsi que la présence du méplat central 13 et des creusures 14 ont pour effet d'assurer un freinage important du projectile 10 sur sa trajectoire dans l'air et de diminuer sa pénétration dans un milieu mou sans altérer la précision de sa trajectoire. La pénétration moyenne du projectile 10 dans le milieu de référence, à savoir la gélatine à 10% est de 45 centimètres. Ceci correspond à une diminution de l'ordre de 40% par rapport à ce que l'on obtient avec une munition à balle blindée ordinaire.The projectile 10 is preferably made of a relatively soft metal such as for example copper or one of its alloys. By way of nonlimiting example, the projectile 10 described which was used for the tests has a diameter of 8.97 mm in caliber 9 mm parabellum and weighs 5.6 grams. The initial speed in a GLOCK 19 brand pistol having a 10 cm barrel is 400 m / s, ie a kinetic energy of approximately 450 joules. The particular profile of the tip 11 of frustoconical shape which is the least aerodynamic as well as the presence of the central flat 13 and of the recesses 14 have the effect of ensuring a significant braking of the projectile 10 on its trajectory in the air and of reducing its penetration into a soft environment without altering the accuracy of its trajectory. The average penetration of projectile 10 into the reference medium, namely 10% gelatin, is 45 centimeters. This corresponds to a reduction of around 40% compared to what is obtained with ordinary armored bullet ammunition.
Contrairement aux projectiles connus qui agissent par déformation de la pointe pour perdre de la vitesse et de l'énergie rapidement dans la cible, le projectile 10 selon l'invention est freiné en raison de son mauvais indice de pénétration dans l'air, tout en gardant une trajectoire bien contrôlée. Il résulte de ce freinage une diminution de la pénétration en milieu mou, cette pénétration étant d'autant plus faible que la distance de tir est plus importante. La portée maximale est de l'ordre de 1200 mètres alors que celle des projectiles connus est de l'ordre de 1800 mètres.Unlike known projectiles which act by deformation of the point to lose speed and energy quickly in the target, the projectile 10 according to the invention is braked due to its poor index of penetration into the air, while keeping a well-controlled trajectory. The result of this braking is a reduction in penetration in a soft environment, this penetration being lower the greater the firing distance. The maximum range is around 1200 meters while that of known projectiles is around 1800 meters.
Pour permettre à ce projectile 10 de résister aux pressions élevées générées par la combustion de la poudre, un moyen d'obturation 16, par exemple une vis en acier, notamment une vis du type PARKER™ à tête conique peut être engagée dans la zone arrière 15d cylindrique et la zone centrale 15b de l'évidement 15. Cette vis peut être remplacée par tout autre moyen d'obturation tel qu'un plot en métal dur chassé dans la zone arrière 15d de l'évidement 15. Si le moyen d'obturation 16 est une vis, la zone centrale est au moins partiellement filetée pour que cette vis puisse être fixée par vissage. La zone intermédiaire 15c et la zone arrière 15d sont agencées pour recevoir la tête de cette vis. Les essais démontrent que le projectile 10 tel que décrit ne dégrade pas plus les protections en caoutchouc d'un piège à balles existant dans les stands de tir que les balles blindées habituellement utilisées. Le diamètre de l'orifice de passage est d'environ deux millimètres. Les rideaux en caoutchouc couramment utilisés comme protection dans les stands de tir peuvent être maintenus avec ce projectile 10, de sorte que la même munition peut être utilisée à la fois à l'extérieur par les services d'ordre et dans les stands de tir pour l'entraînement. Les munitions sont non polluantes puisqu'elles ne comportent pas de plomb.To allow this projectile 10 to withstand the high pressures generated by the combustion of the powder, a sealing means 16, for example a steel screw, in particular a screw of the PARKER ™ type with conical head can be engaged in the rear zone 15d cylindrical and the central zone 15b of the recess 15. This screw can be replaced by any other closing means such as a hard metal stud driven into the rear zone 15d of the recess 15. If the means of obturation 16 is a screw, the central zone is at least partially threaded so that this screw can be fixed by screwing. The intermediate zone 15c and the rear zone 15d are arranged to receive the head of this screw. The tests demonstrate that the projectile 10 as described does not degrade the rubber protections of a bullet trap existing in shooting ranges any more than the armored bullets usually used. The diameter of the passage opening is approximately two millimeters. The rubber curtains commonly used as protection in shooting ranges can be maintained with this projectile 10, so that the same ammunition can be used both outside by the security services and in the shooting ranges for training. The ammunition is non-polluting since it does not contain lead.
Le fait que le projectile 10 soit creux permet de garantir qu'il ne perfore pas un gilet pare balles de vingt quatre plis de KEVLAR™ ou son équivalent. L'évidement 15 a un diamètre de l'ordre de trois millimètres dans sa zone centrale 15b et se prolonge dans la pointe 11 pour permettre la déformation de cette dernière au moment de l'impact. La pointe 11 du projectile 10 se déforme également à l'impact sur un pare-brise de véhicule. Néanmoins, la traversée de cet écran par le projectile 10 se fait sans perte notable de masse et le moyen d'obturation 16 reste en place.The fact that the projectile 10 is hollow makes it possible to guarantee that it does not puncture a bulletproof vest of twenty four plies of KEVLAR ™ or its equivalent. The recess 15 has a diameter of the order of three millimeters in its central zone 15b and is extended in the tip 11 to allow the deformation of the latter at the time of impact. The tip 11 of the projectile 10 also deforms on impact on a vehicle windshield. However, the crossing of this screen by the projectile 10 is done without significant loss of mass and the closure means 16 remains in place.
Comme le montrent les figures 4 à 6, le projectile 20 comporte une pointe 21 approximativement conique et un culot 22 sensiblement cylindrique. Contrairement à la pointe 11 du projectile 10, la pointe 21 n'est pas pourvue d'un méplat central 13. Sur sa face latérale, la pointe 21, sensiblement conique présente au moins deux creusures 24, disposées symétriquement entre-elles par rapport à des plans axiaux, et obtenues soit par emboutissage, soit par fraisage, soit par tout autre procédé d'usinage approprié. L'exemple de réalisation décrit et représenté, montre (voir figure 6) que la pointe 21 sensiblement conique présente cinq creusures 24, espacées régulièrement selon des axes 25 angulairement disposés à soixante douze degrés chacun des axes voisins. Le nombre de creusures 24 leur position angulaire peuvent varier selon les réalisations et dépend en particulier du calibre du projectile 20. Chaque creusure 24 comporte une base arrondie pour permettre une alimentation correcte sans accrochage de la cartouche contenant le projectile 20 dans une arme automatique. De plus, les creusures 24 ont un profil curviligne d'un bord à l'autre. L'absence d'arête axiale permet d'éviter que la rotation du projectile 20 ne soit affectée dès la sortie du canon de l'arme.As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the projectile 20 has an approximately conical point 21 and a substantially cylindrical base 22. Unlike the tip 11 of the projectile 10, the tip 21 is not provided with a central flat 13. On its lateral face, the tip 21, substantially conical, has at least two recesses 24, arranged symmetrically with respect to each other. axial planes, and obtained either by stamping, or by milling, or by any other suitable machining process. The embodiment described and shown shows (see Figure 6) that the substantially conical tip 21 has five recesses 24, regularly spaced along axes 25 angularly arranged at seventy-two degrees each of the neighboring axes. The number of recesses 24 their angular position can vary according to the embodiments and depends in particular on the caliber of the projectile 20. Each recess 24 has a rounded base to allow correct feeding without catching the cartridge containing the projectile 20 in an automatic weapon. In addition, the recesses 24 have a curvilinear profile from one edge to the other. The absence of an axial edge makes it possible to prevent the rotation of the projectile 20 from being affected as soon as it leaves the barrel of the weapon.
Le projectile 20 diffère également du projectile 10 en ce qu'il ne comporte pas d'évidement central 15. Il est massif et de préférence réalisé en laiton ou en un alliage similaire en ce qui concerne les caractéristiques physiques à l'exception d'un alliage contenant du plomb. Sa fabrication peut être faite par emboutissage à froid ou à chaud et les creusures 24 peuvent être réalisées par tout usinage approprié. Les essais ont été réalisés avec un projectile 20 tel que décrit de 8,97 mm de diamètre en calibre 9 parabellum qui pèse 5,6 grammes et a une vitesse initiale dans le pistolet de la marque GLOCK 19 ayant un canon de dix centimètres, est de 400m/s soit une énergie d'environ 450 joules.The projectile 20 also differs from the projectile 10 in that it does not have a central recess 15. It is solid and preferably made of brass or a similar alloy as regards the physical characteristics with the exception of a lead containing alloy. Its manufacture can be done by cold or hot stamping and the recesses 24 can be made by any suitable machining. The tests were carried out with a projectile 20 as described of 8.97 mm in diameter in caliber 9 parabellum which weighs 5.6 grams and at an initial speed in the pistol of the brand GLOCK 19 having a barrel of ten centimeters, is 400m / s or an energy of about 450 joules.
Le comportement de ce projectile 20 sur sa trajectoire est sensiblement le même que celui du projectile 10 sauf que son freinage est moindre en raison de l'absence de méplat central sur la pointe 21. En outre sa capacité de perforation est sensiblement plus élevée puisque les essais ont révélé qu'il traverse au minimum quarante huit plis de KEVLAR™ ou son équivalent.The behavior of this projectile 20 on its trajectory is substantially the same as that of the projectile 10 except that its braking is less due to the absence of a central flat on the tip 21. Furthermore, its perforation capacity is significantly higher since the tests have revealed that it crosses at least forty-eight plies of KEVLAR ™ or its equivalent.
Les deux projectiles 10 et 20 ont des performances différentes en ce qui concerne leur capacité de perforer des gilets pare balles. Le projectile 10 est agencé pour être arrêté par un gilet pare balles et le projectile 20 est agencé pour le traverser. Dans une variante de réalisation non représentée, les creusures sont en nombre paire et disposées symétriquement par rapport à l'axe du projectile.The two projectiles 10 and 20 have different performances as regards their capacity to perforate bullet-proof vests. The projectile 10 is arranged to be stopped by a bulletproof vest and the projectile 20 is arranged to pass through it. In an alternative embodiment not shown, the recesses are in even number and arranged symmetrically with respect to the axis of the projectile.
Dans encore une autre variante de réalisation non représentée, les creusures sont formées par deux plans curvilignes définissant entre eux une arête radiale. Cette arête radiale étant dans le sens de rotation du projectile, elle n'affecte pas la vitesse de rotation du projectile ni la précision de sa trajectoire.In yet another alternative embodiment, not shown, the recesses are formed by two curvilinear planes defining between them a radial edge. This radial edge being in the direction of rotation of the projectile, it does not affect the speed of rotation of the projectile nor the precision of its trajectory.
La présente invention n'est pas limitée aux exemples de réalisation décrits mais s'étend à toute modification et variante évidentes pour un homme du métier tout en restant dans l'étendue de la protection définie dans les revendications annexées. The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described but extends to any modification and variant obvious to a person skilled in the art while remaining within the scope of the protection defined in the appended claims.

Claims

Revendications claims
1. Projectile (10, 20) de munition pour arme à feu, en particulier arme de poing, ce projectile (10, 20) comportant une pointe (11, 21) et un culot (12, 22), caractérisé en ce que ladite pointe (11, 21) a une forme sensiblement conique et comporte au moins deux creusures (14, 24) disposées sensiblement symétriquement par rapport à l'axe dudit projectile ou par rapport à un plan axial, lesdites creusures ayant un profil curviligne d'un bord à l'autre.1. Ammunition projectile (10, 20) for a firearm, in particular a handgun, this projectile (10, 20) comprising a point (11, 21) and a base (12, 22), characterized in that said point (11, 21) has a substantially conical shape and comprises at least two recesses (14, 24) arranged substantially symmetrically with respect to the axis of said projectile or with respect to an axial plane, said recesses having a curvilinear profile of a edge to edge.
2. Projectile (10, 20) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la base desdites creusures (14, 24) est arrondie.2. Projectile (10, 20) according to claim 1, characterized in that the base of said recesses (14, 24) is rounded.
3. Projectile (10, 20) selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que lesdites creusures sont formées par deux plans curvilignes dont l'intersection est délimitée par une arête radiale.3. Projectile (10, 20) according to claim 2, characterized in that said recesses are formed by two curvilinear planes the intersection of which is delimited by a radial edge.
4. Projectile (10) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ladite pointe (11) comporte un méplat central (13).4. Projectile (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that said point (11) has a central flat (13).
5. Projectile (10) selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que ledit méplat central (13) a un diamètre compris sensiblement entre 10 et 50 % du diamètre du projectile (10) à la base de ladite pointe (11) et de préférence compris entre le quart et le tiers du diamètre dudit projectile (10).5. Projectile (10) according to claim 4, characterized in that said central flat (13) has a diameter substantially between 10 and 50% of the diameter of the projectile (10) at the base of said point (11) and preferably between a quarter and a third of the diameter of said projectile (10).
6. Projectile (10) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ladite pointe et ledit culot comportent un évidement (15).6. Projectile (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that said point and said base comprise a recess (15).
7. Projectile (10) selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que ledit évidement (15) est agencé pour recevoir un moyen d'obturation (16). 7. Projectile (10) according to claim 6, characterized in that said recess (15) is arranged to receive a closure means (16).
8. Projectile (10, 20) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il est réalisé en un métal mou.8. Projectile (10, 20) according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made of a soft metal.
9. Projectile (10, 20) selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce qu'il est réalisé en cuivre.9. Projectile (10, 20) according to claim 8, characterized in that it is made of copper.
10. Projectile (10) selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que ledit moyen d'obturation (16) est en métal dur.10. Projectile (10) according to claim 7, characterized in that said closure means (16) is made of hard metal.
11. Projectile (10) selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que ledit moyen d'obturation (16) est en acier.11. Projectile (10) according to claim 10, characterized in that said closure means (16) is made of steel.
12. Projectile (10) selon les revendications 5 et 6, caractérisé en ce que ledit évidement (15) comporte une zone centrale (15b) au moins partiellement filetée et en ce que ledit moyen d'obturation (16) est une vis engagée partiellement dans cette zone centrale (15b).12. Projectile (10) according to claims 5 and 6, characterized in that said recess (15) comprises a central zone (15b) at least partially threaded and in that said sealing means (16) is a screw partially engaged in this central area (15b).
13. Projectile (10, 20) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il est formé d'une pièce en laiton. 13. Projectile (10, 20) according to claim 1, characterized in that it is formed of a brass part.
EP03776967A 2002-10-17 2003-10-15 Firearm ammunition projectile Expired - Lifetime EP1552241B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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FR0212922 2002-10-17
FR0212922A FR2846084B1 (en) 2002-10-17 2002-10-17 MUNITION PROJECTILE FOR FIREARMS
PCT/FR2003/003036 WO2004036140A2 (en) 2002-10-17 2003-10-15 Firearm ammunition projectile

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EP (1) EP1552241B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE427473T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2003286224A1 (en)
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AU2003286224A8 (en) 2004-05-04
ATE427473T1 (en) 2009-04-15
US7484459B2 (en) 2009-02-03
CA2502466A1 (en) 2004-04-29
DE60326975D1 (en) 2009-05-14
WO2004036140A3 (en) 2004-06-03
WO2004036140A8 (en) 2005-06-09
AU2003286224A1 (en) 2004-05-04
US20060096491A1 (en) 2006-05-11
EP1552241B1 (en) 2009-04-01
FR2846084A1 (en) 2004-04-23
WO2004036140A2 (en) 2004-04-29
FR2846084B1 (en) 2007-04-20

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