EP1539437A1 - Small electrical appliance with a drive device for generation of an oscillating movement - Google Patents

Small electrical appliance with a drive device for generation of an oscillating movement

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Publication number
EP1539437A1
EP1539437A1 EP03747906A EP03747906A EP1539437A1 EP 1539437 A1 EP1539437 A1 EP 1539437A1 EP 03747906 A EP03747906 A EP 03747906A EP 03747906 A EP03747906 A EP 03747906A EP 1539437 A1 EP1539437 A1 EP 1539437A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drive component
drive
small electrical
components
electrical appliance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP03747906A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1539437B1 (en
Inventor
Bernhard Kraus
Alexander KLÖS
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Braun GmbH
Original Assignee
Braun GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Braun GmbH filed Critical Braun GmbH
Publication of EP1539437A1 publication Critical patent/EP1539437A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1539437B1 publication Critical patent/EP1539437B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26BHAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B26B19/00Clippers or shavers operating with a plurality of cutting edges, e.g. hair clippers, dry shavers
    • B26B19/28Drive layout for hair clippers or dry shavers, e.g. providing for electromotive drive
    • B26B19/288Balance by opposing oscillation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26BHAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B26B19/00Clippers or shavers operating with a plurality of cutting edges, e.g. hair clippers, dry shavers
    • B26B19/28Drive layout for hair clippers or dry shavers, e.g. providing for electromotive drive
    • B26B19/282Motors without a rotating central drive shaft, e.g. linear motors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a small electrical device with a drive device for generating an oscillating movement.
  • the small device can in particular be an electric razor or an electric toothbrush.
  • an oscillating armature drive for dry shaving devices with a reciprocating working movement of a shear knife is known.
  • the known rocker arm drive has an electromagnet which is fixedly connected to the housing of the shaving device and is U-shaped.
  • an oscillating compensating anchor In the vicinity of the poles of the fixed electromagnet there is a working anchor and on both sides of the working anchor there is an oscillating compensating anchor each symmetrically.
  • the working anchor which drives the shear knife, swings parallel to the pole faces of the electromagnet, the compensating anchors executing an oscillation movement in phase opposition to prevent transmission of the vibrations of the working anchor to the housing of the shaving device as far as possible.
  • DE 196 80 506 T1 discloses an electric shaver with an oscillating linear motor which has a stationary electromagnet and a plurality of movable components which are set into oscillatory movements in phase opposition to one another with the aid of the electromagnet. In order to maintain the phase relationship of the movable components to one another even under load, these are connected to one another by means of a link mechanism which transmits the oscillatory movement from one to the other movable component while reversing the direction.
  • an electric razor with a linear drive which has a hollow cylindrical stator with an electromagnetic coil.
  • Two movable elements are arranged in the stator, which are driven in phase opposition to one another and one of which drives a shear knife and the other can have a counterweight to suppress unwanted vibrations.
  • the invention has for its object to generate an oscillating movement in a small electrical device in the best possible way.
  • the invention is characterized in that the first drive component for executing a movement oscillating in phase opposition to the second drive component is arranged to be movable in the small electrical device and that the center of gravity of the first drive component and the second drive component including components moving with the first drive component or the second drive component move on a common straight line.
  • the two drive components oscillate in phase opposition to one another, a significantly higher relative speed is achieved between the drive components than in a conventional drive in which only one drive component moves and the other drive component is at rest. Since the efficiency in such drives increases with the relative speed of the drive components to one another, the small device according to the invention achieves a higher efficiency than comparable known small devices. Furthermore, the movement of the focal points on a common straight line prevents an angular momentum from being generated by the drive and, as a result, undesirable vibrations being transmitted, for example, to the housing of the small device.
  • the small device can be designed according to the invention in such a way that the pulses of the first drive component and the second drive component including components moving with the first drive component or the second drive component are opposite in the same way.
  • This has the advantage that a further source for the generation of undesired vibrations, namely a resulting linear pulse, can be switched off.
  • the first drive component and the second drive component mesh with one another.
  • At least one of the two drive components can have one or more permanent magnets.
  • at least one of the two drive components can have a winding core on which the coil is arranged. This allows a powerful drive to be implemented with relatively small dimensions, the current consumption of which is sufficiently low to allow, for example, battery operation of the small device according to the invention.
  • At least one elastic element for generating restoring forces can be provided in the drive device of the small device according to the invention.
  • an oscillatory system is formed, which is preferably operated under resonance conditions.
  • the elastic element is designed in particular as a leaf spring which is fastened to the first drive component and to the second drive component. The leaf spring thus counteracts a deflection of the two drive components relative to each other and has the advantage that it takes up very little space.
  • the first drive component and the second drive component are mechanically coupled to one another by at least one coupling element.
  • the coupling element is rotatably articulated to the first drive component and to the second drive component.
  • the two drive components also perform a transverse movement, ie they move slightly transversely to the direction of vibration described. It is therefore advantageous if the coupling element is articulated to at least one of the drive components with play transverse to the direction of movement of the drive components.
  • the coupling element can be used to produce an antiphase between the two drive components in that the coupling element is rotatably mounted.
  • the coupling element is rotatably mounted on a fastening axis for fastening the drive device to the small device according to the invention.
  • the fastening axis can be arranged off-center between the articulation of the coupling element on the first drive component and on the second drive component. This has the advantage that different vibration amplitudes can be generated in a very simple manner and without an additional gear, the relationship of which to one another does not change even when the drive components are loaded.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment for an oscillating linear motor of the small device according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a further exemplary embodiment for an oscillating linear motor of the small device according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of an oscillating linear motor of an electric shaver in a perspective view
  • FIG. 4 shows the exemplary embodiment from FIG. 3 in a perspective exploded view
  • FIG. 5 shows the two movable motor components of the linear motor from FIG. 3 as separate units in a perspective view
  • Fig. 6 shows the two engine components of Fig. 5 in the assembled state in a perspective view.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 are used first.
  • the embodiment of an electric razor with an oscillating linear motor shown in FIGS. 3 to 6 is then discussed in more detail, with both the figurative representation and the associated description being restricted to the drive system of the razor.
  • the other design of the razor can be done in the usual way and is not specifically described.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an embodiment for an oscillating linear motor of the small device according to the invention.
  • the linear motor has two movable motor components 1 and 2, which are arranged at a short distance from one another.
  • the first motor component 1 consists of a rod-shaped iron core 3 and an ner wound from wire coil 4.
  • the second motor component 2 has two pairs of permanent magnets 5.
  • the permanent magnets 5 of each pair are arranged next to one another on a common carrier plate 6 with polarity oriented in anti-parallel.
  • the carrier plate 6, like the iron core 3, is made of an iron material and is U-shaped. As indicated in FIG. 1, the carrier plate 6 can optionally be designed as a closed, rectangular frame in order to reduce magnetic stray fields.
  • the following description relates in each case to a U-shaped design of the carrier plate 6, but can be applied analogously to a design as a frame.
  • the permanent magnets 5 are each attached to the inside of the two legs of the U-shaped support plate 6.
  • the iron core 3 is arranged between the opposing pairs of permanent magnets 5 such that an air gap 7 exists between the two end faces of the iron core 3 and the respectively adjacent pair of permanent magnets 5.
  • two springs 8 are fastened to the side of the iron core 3 and extend parallel to the legs of the carrier plate 6 to the bottom thereof and are also fastened there.
  • the first motor component 1 and the second motor component 2 are movably suspended so that they can execute a movement parallel to the legs of the carrier plate 6, ie a movement in the horizontal direction in the illustration of FIG. 1. Taking the springs 8 into account, this results in an oscillatory system in which the first motor component 1 and the second motor component 2 each perform a linear oscillatory movement.
  • the directions of movement of the two motor components 1 and 2 are each opposite to each other, that is. the vibrations are in phase opposition to each other.
  • An essential aspect of the invention is that the center of mass of the first motor component 1 and the second motor component 2 move on a common straight line. This means that no angular momentum results from the movement of the two motor components 1 and 2.
  • the two motor components 1 and 2 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 are each formed symmetrically and also arranged symmetrically to one another.
  • the physical symmetry in the design or arrangement of the engine components 1 and 2 is, however, not absolutely necessary. If, in addition, the linear pulses of motor components 1 and 2 occurring during the movement of the two motor components 1 and 2 are opposite at all times, the linear motor generates no vibrations in a suspension that supports it, for example the housing of an electric razor.
  • the linear motor is in its equilibrium position, ie the springs 8 are neither stretched nor compressed. Without the action of external forces, motor components 1 and 2 remain in this position, since restoring forces generated by springs 8 have to be overcome for a deflection in the horizontal direction. If the two motor components 1 and 2 are deflected relative to one another by the action of a force, the return forces generated by the springs 8 drive a return to the equilibrium position. In order to generate the force required for a deflection, a current flow through the coil 4 is established.
  • the coil 4 acts as an electromagnet and, supported by the iron core 3, generates a magnetic field which acts on the permanent magnets 5 and results in a relative movement between the coil 4 and the permanent magnets 5. 1, the relative movement runs in the horizontal direction.
  • the magnetic field generated by the coil 4 can be reversed by appropriate control, so that the first and the second motor components 1 and 2 are set in oscillations in opposite phase to one another.
  • An essential aspect of the invention is that both the first motor component 1 and the second motor component 2 move, that is to say that the linear motor does not have a stator, with the aid of which a rotor is driven, but two motor components 1 and 2 which vibrate against one another, that drive each other.
  • One of these motor components 1 or 2 corresponds to the rotor of a conventional linear motor.
  • the other takes over the functions of the stator of a conventional linear motor, but in contrast to this is not static, but also moves.
  • this also leads to the fact that, under otherwise identical conditions, the first and second motor components 1 and 2 of the linear motor according to the invention move relative to one another at a relative speed which is twice as high as the relative speed between a stator and a rotor of a conventional linear motor. As a result, a relatively high degree of efficiency can be achieved in the linear motor according to the invention.
  • the frequency of the oscillatory movement of the two motor components 1 and 2 is predetermined via the control of the coil 4 and, in particular, is set so that it corresponds to the resonance frequency of the oscillation system which is formed by the two motor components 1 and 2 and the springs 8. Under resonance conditions, the vibration behavior is very robust and only a comparatively small amount of energy is required.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a further embodiment for an oscillating linear motor of the small device according to the invention.
  • the Eisenkem 3 formed as a rectangular frame, in which one side has an opening 9. The three remaining sides of the frame are continuous and each carry a coil 4, so that a total of three coils 4 are present.
  • Arranged in the opening 9 is a pair of antiparallel oriented permanent magnets 5 which are rod-shaped overall, the permanent magnets 5 in turn being separated from the iron core 3 by air gaps 7.
  • the spring 8 is clamped between the side of the iron core 3 opposite the opening 9 and the permanent magnet 5.
  • the permanent magnets 5 are mechanically coupled to the iron core 3 via two struts 10, each of which overcomes one of the air gaps 7.
  • each strut 10 has a first bore 11 and a second bore 12 for pivotable articulation on the iron core 3 and the permanent magnet 5. Furthermore, each strut 10 in the area between the first bore 11 and the second bore 12 has a third bore 13 for fastening the linear motor, for example to a housing, not shown in the figure.
  • the struts 10 serve to couple the two motor components 1 and 2 in terms of movement. This coupling causes the two motor components 1 and 2 to move exactly in phase opposition to one another at any time, since the motor fastening takes place spatially between the articulation on the first motor component 1 and the articulation on the second motor component 2. In other words, if the first motor component 1 moves to the left in the illustration in FIG.
  • the second motor component 2 simultaneously moves to the right and vice versa. Since the distance between the points of the articulation on the two motor components 1 and 2 varies slightly during this movement, the bores 11 and 12 are designed as elongated holes, so that the articulation takes place with a certain amount of play.
  • a special feature of the exemplary embodiment shown is that the third bore 13 is not arranged centrally between the bores 11 and 12, but closer to the first bore 11 for articulation on the iron core 3 of the first motor component 1.
  • the two engine components 1 and 2 vibrate with different vibration amplitudes.
  • the speeds at which the two motor components 1 and 2 move are correspondingly the opposite of one another. So that the linear impulses of the two motor components 1 and 2 can also have opposite values in this exemplary embodiment, the first motor component 1 is designed so that it has a greater mass than the second motor component 2.
  • This geometry can be used, for example, in an electric razor where one or more shear knife should perform rapid oscillation movements with a large amplitude and a shaving head should oscillate in opposite phase with a small amplitude.
  • the shaving knife or the shaving knives are driven by the second motor component 2 and the shaving head by the first motor component 1.
  • Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of an oscillating linear motor of an electric shaver in a perspective view.
  • An associated exploded view is shown in Fig. 5.
  • the razor shows only a few components that are directly connected to the linear motor. For the sake of clarity, the shaving head was not shown.
  • the other design of the razor can be done in a conventional manner.
  • the designations according to FIG. 2 are used for corresponding components, the specific design of the components and also of the entire linear motor partly deviating considerably from FIG. 2.
  • the linear motor is mounted on a base plate 14 which is firmly connected to a housing of the razor, not shown in the figure.
  • Two stepped bolts 15 are let into the base plate 14 and are guided through the third bores 13 of the struts 10.
  • the two motor components 1 and 2 are rotatably articulated to the struts 10 via four perforated bearing blocks 16.
  • two pins 17 are provided on each strut 10, onto which the bearing blocks 16 are attached, there being a certain amount of play between the pins 17 and the bores 11 or 12 of the bearing blocks 16.
  • the two bearing blocks 16 each of which is attached to a strut 10, one is fastened to the first motor component 1 and the other to the second motor component 2.
  • the two motor components 1 and 2 are suspended in such a way that they can move parallel to the longitudinal side of the base plate 14 within certain limits.
  • the two motor components 1 and 2 are connected to one another by a total of four springs 8 designed as leaf springs, by means of which restoring forces are generated when deflected from the equilibrium position shown.
  • a shear knife 18 With the first motor component 1 and the second motor component 2, a shear knife 18 is firmly connected, so that the two shear knives 18 are driven in phase opposition to one another.
  • the illustrated embodiment of the linear motor has the iron core 3 with the coil 4 and the permanent magnets 5, as well as a number of other components which are not of particular interest in the context of the invention and which are therefore not dealt with in more detail.
  • FIG. 5 shows the two motor components 1 and 2 of the linear motor from FIG. 3 as separate units in a perspective view.
  • Fig. 6 the two engine components 1 and 2 are shown assembled.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 it should be noted that to illustrate further details in FIGS. 5 and 6 a rear view is shown, ie the object shown is rotated by 180 ° about a vertical axis.
  • the two engine components 1 and 2 are constructed in such a way that they engage in a comb-like manner.
  • This makes it possible to make the linear motor very compact and still achieve the angular momentum compensation already mentioned, i. H. to design the mass distributions of the two engine components 1 and 2 in such a way that their centers of mass move on a common straight line.
  • the engine is suspended on the bolts 15 in the middle between the linkage to the first engine component 1 and to the second engine component 2.
  • the two engine components 1 and 2 move with the same amplitude and the same amount of speed.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Dry Shavers And Clippers (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
  • Brushes (AREA)

Abstract

A small electric appliance with a drive mechanism for generating an oscillatory motion of at least one working unit of the small electric appliance. The drive mechanism has a first drive component, a second drive component and a coil for producing a magnetic field that extends from the first drive component and acts on the second drive component that is movably arranged in the small electric appliance, in such a way that the second drive component is set in an oscillatory motion. The first drive component is movably arranged in the small electric appliance in order to execute an oscillatory motion in phase opposition to the second drive component. The mass centers of gravity of the first drive component and the second drive component, including parts co-moving with the first drive component or the second drive component, move on a common straight line.

Description

Elektrisches Kleingerät mit einer Antriebseinrichtung zur Erzeugung einer oszillierenden BewegungSmall electrical device with a drive device for generating an oscillating movement
Die Erfindung betrifft ein elektrisches Kleingerät mit einer Antriebseinrichtung zur Erzeugung einer oszillierenden Bewegung. Bei dem Kleingerät kann es sich insbesondere um einen elektrischen Rasierer oder eine elektrische Zahnbürste handeln.The invention relates to a small electrical device with a drive device for generating an oscillating movement. The small device can in particular be an electric razor or an electric toothbrush.
Aus der DE 1 151 307 A ist ein Schwingankerantrieb für Trockenrasiergeräte mit hin- und hergehender Arbeitsbewegung eines Schermessers bekannt. Der bekannte Schwingankerantrieb weist einen mit dem Gehäuse des Rasiergeräts fest verbundenen und U-förmig ausgebildeten Elektromagneten auf. In der Nähe der Pole des feststehenden Elektromagneten sind ein Arbeitsanker und beiderseits des Arbeitsankers massensymmetrisch je ein schwingfähiger Ausgleichsanker angeordnet. Im Betriebszustand schwingt der Arbeitsanker, der das Schermesser antreibt, parallel zu den Polflächen des Elektromagneten, wobei die Ausgleichsanker eine dazu gegenphasige Schwingbewegung ausführen, um eine Übertragung der Schwingungen des Arbeitsankers auf das Gehäuse des Rasiergeräts möglichst zu verhindern.From DE 1 151 307 A an oscillating armature drive for dry shaving devices with a reciprocating working movement of a shear knife is known. The known rocker arm drive has an electromagnet which is fixedly connected to the housing of the shaving device and is U-shaped. In the vicinity of the poles of the fixed electromagnet there is a working anchor and on both sides of the working anchor there is an oscillating compensating anchor each symmetrically. In the operating state, the working anchor, which drives the shear knife, swings parallel to the pole faces of the electromagnet, the compensating anchors executing an oscillation movement in phase opposition to prevent transmission of the vibrations of the working anchor to the housing of the shaving device as far as possible.
Die DE 196 80 506 T1 offenbart einen elektrischen Rasierapparat mit einem oszillierenden Linearmotor, der einen stationären Elektromagneten und mehrere bewegliche Komponenten aufweist, die mit Hilfe des Elektromagneten in zueinander gegenphasige Schwingungsbewegungen versetzt werden. Um die Phasenbeziehung der beweglichen Komponenten zueinander auch unter Belastung einzuhalten, sind diese mittels eines Lenkermechanismus untereinander verbunden, der die Schwingungsbewegung unter Umkehrung der Richtung von der einen auf die andere bewegliche Komponente überträgt.DE 196 80 506 T1 discloses an electric shaver with an oscillating linear motor which has a stationary electromagnet and a plurality of movable components which are set into oscillatory movements in phase opposition to one another with the aid of the electromagnet. In order to maintain the phase relationship of the movable components to one another even under load, these are connected to one another by means of a link mechanism which transmits the oscillatory movement from one to the other movable component while reversing the direction.
Aus der DE 197 81 664 C2 ist ein elektrischer Rasierer mit einem Linearantrieb bekannt, der einen hohlzylindrisch ausgebildeten Stator mit einer elektromagnetischen Spule aufweist. Im Stator sind zwei bewegliche Elemente angeordnet, die gegenphasig zueinander angetrieben werden und von denen eines ein Schermesser antreibt und das andere zur Unterdrückung unerwünschter Vibrationen ein Gegengewicht aufweisen kann.From DE 197 81 664 C2 an electric razor with a linear drive is known, which has a hollow cylindrical stator with an electromagnetic coil. Two movable elements are arranged in the stator, which are driven in phase opposition to one another and one of which drives a shear knife and the other can have a counterweight to suppress unwanted vibrations.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, bei einem elektrischen Kleingerät auf möglichst optimale Weise eine oszillierende Bewegung zu erzeugen.The invention has for its object to generate an oscillating movement in a small electrical device in the best possible way.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmalskombination des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Das erfindungsgemäße elektrisches Kleingerät verfügt über eine Antriebseinrichtung zum Erzeugen einer oszillierenden Bewegung wenigstens einer Arbeitseinheit des elektrischen Kleingeräts. Die Antriebseinrichtung weist eine erste Antriebskomponente, eine zweite Antriebskomponente und eine Spule zur Ausbildung eines Magnetfelds auf, das von der ersten Antriebskomponente ausgeht und auf die zweite Antriebskomponente, die beweglich im elektrischen Kleingerät angeordnet ist, derart einwirkt, daß die zweite Antriebskomponente in eine oszillierende Bewegung versetzt wird. Die Erfindung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, daß die erste Antriebskomponente zur Ausführung einer zur zweiten Antriebskomponente gegenphasig oszillierenden Bewegung beweglich im elektrischen Kleingerät angeordnet ist und daß sich die Massenschwerpunkte der ersten Antriebskomponente und der zweiten Antriebskomponente inklusive sich mit der ersten Antriebskomponente oder der zweiten Antriebskomponente mitbewegender Bauteile auf einer gemeinsamen Geraden bewegen.This object is achieved by the combination of features of claim 1. The small electrical device according to the invention has a drive device for generating an oscillating movement of at least one working unit of the small electrical device. The drive device has a first drive component, a second drive component and a coil for forming a magnetic field which starts from the first drive component and acts on the second drive component, which is arranged movably in the small electrical device, in such a way that the second drive component performs an oscillating movement is moved. The invention is characterized in that the first drive component for executing a movement oscillating in phase opposition to the second drive component is arranged to be movable in the small electrical device and that the center of gravity of the first drive component and the second drive component including components moving with the first drive component or the second drive component move on a common straight line.
Dadurch, daß die zwei Antriebskomponenten gegenphasig zueinander schwingen wird eine wesentlich höhere Relativgeschwindigkeit zwischen den Antriebskomponenten erzielt als bei einem herkömmlichen Antrieb, bei dem sich nur eine Antriebskomponente bewegt und die andere Antriebskomponente ruht. Da der Wirkungsgrad bei derartigen Antrieben mit der Relativgeschwindigkeit der Antriebskomponenten zueinander zunimmt, erreicht das erfindungsgemäße Kleingerät einen höheren Wirkungsgrad als vergleichbare bekannte Kleingeräte. Weiterhin wird durch die Bewegung der Schwerpunkte auf einer gemeinsamen Geraden verhindert, daß von dem Antrieb ein Drehimpuls erzeugt und dadurch unerwünschte Vibrationen beispielsweise auf das Gehäuse des Kleingeräts übertragen werden.Because the two drive components oscillate in phase opposition to one another, a significantly higher relative speed is achieved between the drive components than in a conventional drive in which only one drive component moves and the other drive component is at rest. Since the efficiency in such drives increases with the relative speed of the drive components to one another, the small device according to the invention achieves a higher efficiency than comparable known small devices. Furthermore, the movement of the focal points on a common straight line prevents an angular momentum from being generated by the drive and, as a result, undesirable vibrations being transmitted, for example, to the housing of the small device.
Das Kleingerät kann erfindungsgemäß so ausgebildet werden, daß die Impulse der ersten Antriebskomponente und der zweiten Antriebskomponente inklusive sich mit der ersten Antriebskomponente oder der zweiten Antriebskomponente mitbewegender Bauteile entgegengesetzt gleich sind. Dies hat den Vorteil, daß eine weitere Quelle für die Entstehung unerwünschter Vibrationen, nämlich ein resultierender linearer Impuls, ausgeschaltet werden kann.The small device can be designed according to the invention in such a way that the pulses of the first drive component and the second drive component including components moving with the first drive component or the second drive component are opposite in the same way. This has the advantage that a further source for the generation of undesired vibrations, namely a resulting linear pulse, can be switched off.
In einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel greifen die erste Antriebskomponente und die zweite Antriebskomponente kammförmig ineinander. Dadurch ist es möglich, die Antriebseinrichtung des erfindungsgemäßen Kleingeräts sehr kompakt auszubilden und dennoch eine Drehimpulskompensation und damit ein günstiges Vibrationsverhalten zu erreichen. Wenigstens eine der beiden Antriebskomponenten kann einen oder mehrere Dauermagnete aufweisen. Weiterhin kann wenigstens eine der beiden Antriebskomponenten einen Wickelkern aufweisen, auf dem die Spule angeordnet ist. Damit läßt sich bei relativ geringen Abmessungen ein leistungsstarker Antrieb realisieren, dessen Stromaufnahme ausreichend gering ist, um beispielsweise einen Akku-Betrieb des erfindungsgemäßen Kleingeräts zuzulassen.In a preferred exemplary embodiment, the first drive component and the second drive component mesh with one another. This makes it possible to make the drive device of the small device according to the invention very compact and still achieve angular momentum compensation and thus a favorable vibration behavior. At least one of the two drive components can have one or more permanent magnets. Furthermore, at least one of the two drive components can have a winding core on which the coil is arranged. This allows a powerful drive to be implemented with relatively small dimensions, the current consumption of which is sufficiently low to allow, for example, battery operation of the small device according to the invention.
Bei der Antriebseinrichtung des erfindungsgemäßen Kleingeräts kann wenigstens ein elastisches Element zur Erzeugung von Rückstellkräften vorgesehen sein. Dadurch wird ein schwingungsfähiges System ausgebildet, das bevorzugt unter Resonanzbedingungen betrieben wird. Das elastische Element ist insbesondere als Blattfeder ausgebildet, die an der ersten Antriebskomponente und an der zweiten Antriebskomponente befestigt ist. Die Blattfeder wirkt damit einer Auslenkung der beiden Antriebskomponenten relativ zueinander entgegen und hat den Vorteil, daß sie extrem wenig Bauraum beansprucht.At least one elastic element for generating restoring forces can be provided in the drive device of the small device according to the invention. As a result, an oscillatory system is formed, which is preferably operated under resonance conditions. The elastic element is designed in particular as a leaf spring which is fastened to the first drive component and to the second drive component. The leaf spring thus counteracts a deflection of the two drive components relative to each other and has the advantage that it takes up very little space.
Weiterhin ist es von Vorteil, wenn die erste Antriebskomponente und die zweite Antriebskomponente durch wenigstens ein Koppelelement mechanisch miteinander gekoppelt sind. Dadurch kann eine strikte Einhaltung der Gegenphasigkeit der Schwingungsbewegungen der beiden Antriebskomponenten sichergestellt werden. Insbesondere ist das Koppelelement an die erste Antriebskomponente und an die zweite Antriebskomponente jeweils drehbar angelenkt. Je nach Geometrie der Antriebseinrichtung vollführen die beiden Antriebskomponenten auch eine Querbewegung, d. h. sie bewegen sich geringfügig quer zu der beschriebenen Schwingungsrichtung. Es ist daher von Vorteil, wenn das Koppelelement jeweils an wenigstens eine der Antriebskomponenten mit Spiel quer zur Bewegungsrichtung der Antriebskomponenten angelenkt ist. Auf besonders einfache Weise kann mit dem Koppelelement eine Gegenphasigkeit zwischen den beiden Antriebskomponenten dadurch hergestellt werden, daß das Koppelelement drehbar gelagert ist. In einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel ist das Koppelelement an einer Befestigungsachse zur Befestigung der Antriebseinrichtung an dem erfindungsgemäßen Kleingerät drehbar gelagert. Dies bietet sich deshalb an, weil der Drehpunkt des Koppelelements sich nicht bewegt und somit eine Befestigung an dem Kleingerät problemlos möglich ist. Die Befestig ungsachse kann außermittig zwischen der Anlenkung des Koppelelements an der ersten Antriebskomponente und an der zweiten Antriebskomponente angeordnet sein. Dies hat den Vorteil, daß sich dadurch auf sehr einfache Weise und ohne zusätzliches Getriebe unterschiedliche Schwingungsamplituden erzeugen lassen, deren Verhältnis zueinander sich auch bei Belastung der Antriebskomponenten nicht ändert. Die Erfindung wird nachstehend an Hand der in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele erläutert.It is also advantageous if the first drive component and the second drive component are mechanically coupled to one another by at least one coupling element. This ensures strict compliance with the opposite phase of the oscillatory movements of the two drive components. In particular, the coupling element is rotatably articulated to the first drive component and to the second drive component. Depending on the geometry of the drive device, the two drive components also perform a transverse movement, ie they move slightly transversely to the direction of vibration described. It is therefore advantageous if the coupling element is articulated to at least one of the drive components with play transverse to the direction of movement of the drive components. In a particularly simple manner, the coupling element can be used to produce an antiphase between the two drive components in that the coupling element is rotatably mounted. In a preferred embodiment, the coupling element is rotatably mounted on a fastening axis for fastening the drive device to the small device according to the invention. This is advisable because the pivot point of the coupling element does not move and thus it can be easily attached to the small device. The fastening axis can be arranged off-center between the articulation of the coupling element on the first drive component and on the second drive component. This has the advantage that different vibration amplitudes can be generated in a very simple manner and without an additional gear, the relationship of which to one another does not change even when the drive components are loaded. The invention is explained below with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawing.
Es zeigenShow it
Fig. 1 eine Prinzipskizze eines Ausführungsbeispiels für einen oszillierenden Linearmotor des erfindungsgemäßen Kleingeräts,1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment for an oscillating linear motor of the small device according to the invention,
Fig. 2 eine Prinzipskizze eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels für einen oszillierenden Linearmotor des erfindungsgemäßen Kleingeräts,2 shows a schematic diagram of a further exemplary embodiment for an oscillating linear motor of the small device according to the invention,
Fig. 3 ein Ausführungsbeispiel für einen oszillierenden Linearmotor eines elektrischen Rasierers in perspektivischer Darstellung,3 shows an embodiment of an oscillating linear motor of an electric shaver in a perspective view,
Fig. 4 das Ausführungsbeispiel aus Fig. 3 in einer perspektivischen Explosionsdarstellung,4 shows the exemplary embodiment from FIG. 3 in a perspective exploded view,
Fig. 5 die beiden beweglichen Motorkomponenten des Linearmotors aus Fig. 3 als separate Einheiten in einer perspektivischen Darstellung undFIG. 5 shows the two movable motor components of the linear motor from FIG. 3 as separate units in a perspective view and
Fig. 6 die beiden Motorkomponenten aus Fig. 5 in zusammengefügtem Zustand in perspektivischer Darstellung.Fig. 6 shows the two engine components of Fig. 5 in the assembled state in a perspective view.
Zur Erläuterung des der Erfindung zugrunde liegenden Prinzips werden zunächst die stark abstrahierten Ausführungsbeispiele der Fig. 1 und 2 herangezogen. Anschließend wird auf das in den Fig. 3 bis 6 dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel eines elektrischen Rasierers mit einem oszillierenden Linearmotor näher eingegangen, wobei sowohl die figürliche Darstellung als auch die zugehörige Beschreibung auf das Antriebssystem des Rasierers beschränkt sind. Die sonstige Ausbildung des Rasierers kann in üblicher Weise erfolgen und ist nicht eigens beschrieben.To explain the principle on which the invention is based, the highly abstracted exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 2 are used first. The embodiment of an electric razor with an oscillating linear motor shown in FIGS. 3 to 6 is then discussed in more detail, with both the figurative representation and the associated description being restricted to the drive system of the razor. The other design of the razor can be done in the usual way and is not specifically described.
Fig. 1 zeigt eine Prinzipskizze eines Ausführungsbeispiels für einen oszillierenden Linearmotor des erfindungsgemäßen Kleingeräts. Der Linearmotor weist zwei bewegliche Motorkomponenten 1 und 2 auf, die in einem geringen Abstand zueinander angeordnet sind. Die erste Motorkomponente 1 besteht aus einem stabförmig ausgebildeten Eisenkern 3 und ei- ner aus Draht gewickelten Spule 4. Die zweite Motorkomponente 2 weist zwei Paare von Dauermagneten 5 auf. Die Dauermagneten 5 eines jeden Paares sind jeweils mit antiparallel orientierter Polung nebeneinander auf einer gemeinsamen Trägerplatte 6 angeordnet. Die Trägerplatte 6 besteht ebenso wie der Eisenkern 3 aus einem Eisenwerkstoff und ist U- förmig ausgebildet. Wie in Fig. 1 angedeutet, kann die Trägerplatte 6 optional als geschlossener, rechteckiger Rahmen ausgebildet sein, um magnetische Streufelder zu reduzieren. Die folgende Beschreibung bezieht sich jeweils auf eine U-förmige Ausbildung der Trägerplatte 6, läßt sich jedoch sinngemäß auf eine Ausbildung als Rahmen übertragen. Die Dauermagnete 5 sind jeweils an den Innenseiten der beiden Schenkel der U-förmigen Trägerplatte 6 befestigt. Zwischen den gegenüberliegenden Paaren von Dauermagneten 5 ist der Eisenkern 3 derart angeordnet, daß zwischen den beiden Stirnseiten des Eisenkerns 3 und dem jeweils benachbarten Paar von Dauermagneten 5 ein Luftspalt 7 besteht. In der Nähe der Stirnseiten sind seitlich am Eisenkern 3 zwei Federn 8 befestigt, die sich parallel zu den Schenkeln der Trägerplatte 6 bis zu deren Boden erstrecken und dort ebenfalls befestigt sind. Die erste Motorkomponente 1 und die zweite Motorkomponente 2 sind beweglich aufgehängt, so daß sie eine Bewegung parallel zu den Schenkeln der Trägerplatte 6, d. h. in der Darstellung der Fig. 1 eine Bewegung in horizontaler Richtung, ausführen können. Unter Berücksichtigung der Federn 8 ergibt sich damit ein schwingungsfähiges System, bei dem die erste Motorkomponente 1 und die zweite Motorkomponente 2 jeweils eine lineare Schwingungsbewegung ausführen. Die Bewegungsrichtungen der beiden Motorkomponenten 1 und 2 sind dabei jeweils einander entgegengesetzt, d h. die Schwingungen verlaufen gegenphasig zueinander.Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an embodiment for an oscillating linear motor of the small device according to the invention. The linear motor has two movable motor components 1 and 2, which are arranged at a short distance from one another. The first motor component 1 consists of a rod-shaped iron core 3 and an ner wound from wire coil 4. The second motor component 2 has two pairs of permanent magnets 5. The permanent magnets 5 of each pair are arranged next to one another on a common carrier plate 6 with polarity oriented in anti-parallel. The carrier plate 6, like the iron core 3, is made of an iron material and is U-shaped. As indicated in FIG. 1, the carrier plate 6 can optionally be designed as a closed, rectangular frame in order to reduce magnetic stray fields. The following description relates in each case to a U-shaped design of the carrier plate 6, but can be applied analogously to a design as a frame. The permanent magnets 5 are each attached to the inside of the two legs of the U-shaped support plate 6. The iron core 3 is arranged between the opposing pairs of permanent magnets 5 such that an air gap 7 exists between the two end faces of the iron core 3 and the respectively adjacent pair of permanent magnets 5. In the vicinity of the end faces, two springs 8 are fastened to the side of the iron core 3 and extend parallel to the legs of the carrier plate 6 to the bottom thereof and are also fastened there. The first motor component 1 and the second motor component 2 are movably suspended so that they can execute a movement parallel to the legs of the carrier plate 6, ie a movement in the horizontal direction in the illustration of FIG. 1. Taking the springs 8 into account, this results in an oscillatory system in which the first motor component 1 and the second motor component 2 each perform a linear oscillatory movement. The directions of movement of the two motor components 1 and 2 are each opposite to each other, that is. the vibrations are in phase opposition to each other.
Ein wesentlicher Aspekt der Erfindung besteht darin, daß sich die Massenschwerpunkte der ersten Motorkomponente 1 und der zweiten Motorkomponente 2 auf einer gemeinsamen Geraden bewegen. Dies bedeutet, daß aus der Bewegung der beiden Motorkomponenten 1 und 2 kein Drehimpuls resultiert. Um die genannte Bedingung für die Bewegung der Massenschwerpunkte zu erfüllen, sind die beiden Motorkomponenten 1 und 2 bei dem in Fig. 1 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel jeweils symmetrisch ausgebildet und zudem symmetrisch zueinander angeordnet. Die körperliche Symmetrie bei der Ausbildung bzw. bei der Anordnung der Motorkomponenten 1 und 2 ist aber nicht zwingend erforderlich. Wenn zudem die im Rahmen der Bewegung der beiden Motorkomponenten 1 und 2 auftretenden linearen Impulse der Motorkomponenten 1 und 2 zu jedem Zeitpunkt entgegengesetzt gleich sind, erzeugt der Linearmotor in einer ihn tragenden Aufhängung, beispielsweise dem Gehäuse eines elektrischen Rasierers, keine Vibrationen. ln der Darstellung der Fig. 1 befindet sich der Linearmotor in seiner Gleichgewichtsposition, d. h. die Federn 8 sind weder gedehnt noch gestaucht. Ohne die Einwirkung äußerer Kräfte verharren die Motorkomponenten 1 und 2 in dieser Position, da für eine Auslenkung in horizontaler Richtung von den Federn 8 erzeugte Rückstellkräfte überwunden werden müssen. Kommt es durch eine Krafteinwirkung zu einer Auslenkung der beiden Motorkomponenten 1 und 2 relativ zueinander, so wird durch die von den Federn 8 erzeugten Rückstellkräfte eine Rückkehr zur Gleichgewichtsposition angetrieben. Um die für eine Auslenkung benötigte Kraft zu erzeugen, wird ein Stromfluß durch die Spule 4 hergestellt. Die Spule 4 wirkt als Elektromagnet und erzeugt unterstützt durch den Eisenkern 3 ein Magnetfeld, das auf die Dauermagnete 5 einwirkt und eine Relativbewegung zwischen der Spule 4 und den Dauermagneten 5 zur Folge hat. In der Darstellung der Fig. 1 verläuft die Relativbewegung in horizontaler Richtung. Durch entsprechende Ansteuerung kann das mit der Spule 4 erzeugte Magnetfeld jeweils umgepolt werden, so daß die erste und die zweite Motorkomponente 1 und 2 in zueinander gegenphasige Schwingungen versetzt werden. Dabei besteht ein wesentlicher Aspekt der Erfindung darin, daß sich sowohl die erste Motorkomponente 1 als auch die zweite Motorkomponente 2 bewegt, d. h., daß der Linearmotor keinen Stator aufweist, mit dessen Hilfe ein Läufer angetrieben wird, sondern zwei gegeneinander schwingende Motorkomponenten 1 und 2, die sich gegenseitig antreiben. Eine dieser Motorkomponenten 1 oder 2 entspricht dem Läufer eines herkömmlichen Linearmotors. Die andere übernimmt die Funktionen des Stators eines herkömmlichen Linearmotors, ist aber im Gegensatz zu diesem nicht statisch, sondern bewegt sich ebenfalls. Dies führt unter anderem auch dazu, daß sich unter sonst gleichen Bedingungen die erste und zweite Motorkomponente 1 und 2 des erfindungsgemäßen Linearmotors mit einer Relativgeschwindigkeit zueinander bewegen, die doppelt so hoch wie die Relativgeschwindigkeit zwischen einem Stator und einem Läufer eines herkömmlichen Linearmotors ist. Dadurch läßt sich beim erfindungsgemäßen Linearmotor ein relativ hoher Wirkungsgrad erzielen.An essential aspect of the invention is that the center of mass of the first motor component 1 and the second motor component 2 move on a common straight line. This means that no angular momentum results from the movement of the two motor components 1 and 2. In order to meet the condition mentioned for the movement of the center of gravity, the two motor components 1 and 2 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 are each formed symmetrically and also arranged symmetrically to one another. The physical symmetry in the design or arrangement of the engine components 1 and 2 is, however, not absolutely necessary. If, in addition, the linear pulses of motor components 1 and 2 occurring during the movement of the two motor components 1 and 2 are opposite at all times, the linear motor generates no vibrations in a suspension that supports it, for example the housing of an electric razor. 1, the linear motor is in its equilibrium position, ie the springs 8 are neither stretched nor compressed. Without the action of external forces, motor components 1 and 2 remain in this position, since restoring forces generated by springs 8 have to be overcome for a deflection in the horizontal direction. If the two motor components 1 and 2 are deflected relative to one another by the action of a force, the return forces generated by the springs 8 drive a return to the equilibrium position. In order to generate the force required for a deflection, a current flow through the coil 4 is established. The coil 4 acts as an electromagnet and, supported by the iron core 3, generates a magnetic field which acts on the permanent magnets 5 and results in a relative movement between the coil 4 and the permanent magnets 5. 1, the relative movement runs in the horizontal direction. The magnetic field generated by the coil 4 can be reversed by appropriate control, so that the first and the second motor components 1 and 2 are set in oscillations in opposite phase to one another. An essential aspect of the invention is that both the first motor component 1 and the second motor component 2 move, that is to say that the linear motor does not have a stator, with the aid of which a rotor is driven, but two motor components 1 and 2 which vibrate against one another, that drive each other. One of these motor components 1 or 2 corresponds to the rotor of a conventional linear motor. The other takes over the functions of the stator of a conventional linear motor, but in contrast to this is not static, but also moves. Among other things, this also leads to the fact that, under otherwise identical conditions, the first and second motor components 1 and 2 of the linear motor according to the invention move relative to one another at a relative speed which is twice as high as the relative speed between a stator and a rotor of a conventional linear motor. As a result, a relatively high degree of efficiency can be achieved in the linear motor according to the invention.
Die Frequenz der Schwingungsbewegung der beiden Motorkomponenten 1 und 2 wird über die Ansteuerung der Spule 4 vorgegeben und insbesondere so eingestellt, daß sie der Resonanzfrequenz des Schwingungssystems entspricht, das durch die beiden Motorkomponenten 1 und 2 und die Federn 8 gebildet wird. Unter Resonanzbedingungen ergibt sich ein sehr robustes Schwingungsverhalten und es ist lediglich eine vergleichsweise geringe Energiezufuhr erforderlich.The frequency of the oscillatory movement of the two motor components 1 and 2 is predetermined via the control of the coil 4 and, in particular, is set so that it corresponds to the resonance frequency of the oscillation system which is formed by the two motor components 1 and 2 and the springs 8. Under resonance conditions, the vibration behavior is very robust and only a comparatively small amount of energy is required.
Fig. 2 zeigt eine Prinzipskizze eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels für einen oszillierenden Linearmotor des erfindungsgemäßen Kleingeräts. Bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel ist der Eisenkem 3 als ein rechteckiger Rahmen ausgebildet, bei dem eine Seite einen Durchbruch 9 aufweist. Die drei übrigen Seiten des Rahmens sind durchgehend ausgebildet und tragen jeweils eine Spule 4, so daß insgesamt drei Spulen 4 vorhanden sind. Im Durchbruch 9 ist ein Paar von antiparallel orientierten Dauermagneten 5 angeordnet, das insgesamt stabför- mig ausgebildet ist, wobei die Dauermagnete 5 wiederum durch Luftspalte 7 vom Eisenkern 3 getrennt sind. Zwischen der dem Durchbruch 9 gegenüberliegenden Seite des Eisenkerns 3 und den Dauermagneten 5 ist die Feder 8 eingespannt. Weiterhin sind die Dauermagnete 5 über zwei Streben 10, die jeweils einen der Luftspalte 7 überwinden, mit dem Eisenkern 3 mechanisch gekoppelt. Hierzu weist jede Strebe 10 eine erste Bohrung 11 und eine zweite Bohrung 12 zur drehbeweglichen Anlenkung an den Eisenkern 3 und den Dauermagneten 5 auf. Weiterhin weist jede Strebe 10 im Bereich zwischen der ersten Bohrung 11 und der zweiten Bohrung 12 eine dritte Bohrung 13 zur Befestigung des Linearmotors beispielsweise an einem figürlich nicht dargestellten Gehäuse auf. Neben dieser Befestigungsfunktion dienen die Streben 10 dazu, die beiden Motorkomponenten 1 und 2 bewegungsmäßig miteinander zu koppeln. Diese Kopplung bewirkt, daß sich die beiden Motorkomponenten 1 und 2 zu jedem Zeitpunkt exakt gegenphasig zueinander bewegen, da die Motorbefestigung jeweils räumlich zwischen der Anlenkung an der ersten Motorkomponente 1 und der Anlenkung an der zweiten Motorkomponente 2 erfolgt. Mit anderen Worten, wenn sich in der Darstellung der Fig. 2 die erste Motorkomponente 1 nach links bewegt, bewegt sich gleichzeitig die zweite Motorkomponente 2 nach rechts und umgekehrt. Da bei dieser Bewegung die Entfernung zwischen den Punkten der Anlenkung an den beiden Motorkomponenten 1 und 2 geringfügig variiert, sind die Bohrungen 11 und 12 als Langlöcher ausgebildet, so daß die Anlenkung mit einem gewissen Spiel erfolgt.Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a further embodiment for an oscillating linear motor of the small device according to the invention. In this embodiment, the Eisenkem 3 formed as a rectangular frame, in which one side has an opening 9. The three remaining sides of the frame are continuous and each carry a coil 4, so that a total of three coils 4 are present. Arranged in the opening 9 is a pair of antiparallel oriented permanent magnets 5 which are rod-shaped overall, the permanent magnets 5 in turn being separated from the iron core 3 by air gaps 7. The spring 8 is clamped between the side of the iron core 3 opposite the opening 9 and the permanent magnet 5. Furthermore, the permanent magnets 5 are mechanically coupled to the iron core 3 via two struts 10, each of which overcomes one of the air gaps 7. For this purpose, each strut 10 has a first bore 11 and a second bore 12 for pivotable articulation on the iron core 3 and the permanent magnet 5. Furthermore, each strut 10 in the area between the first bore 11 and the second bore 12 has a third bore 13 for fastening the linear motor, for example to a housing, not shown in the figure. In addition to this fastening function, the struts 10 serve to couple the two motor components 1 and 2 in terms of movement. This coupling causes the two motor components 1 and 2 to move exactly in phase opposition to one another at any time, since the motor fastening takes place spatially between the articulation on the first motor component 1 and the articulation on the second motor component 2. In other words, if the first motor component 1 moves to the left in the illustration in FIG. 2, the second motor component 2 simultaneously moves to the right and vice versa. Since the distance between the points of the articulation on the two motor components 1 and 2 varies slightly during this movement, the bores 11 and 12 are designed as elongated holes, so that the articulation takes place with a certain amount of play.
Eine Besonderheit des dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels besteht darin, daß die dritte Bohrung 13 nicht mittig zwischen den Bohrungen 11 und 12, sondern näher an der ersten Bohrung 11 zur Anlenkung an den Eisenkern 3 der ersten Motorkomponente 1 angeordnet ist. Dies hat zur Folge, daß die beiden Motorkomponenten 1 und 2 mit unterschiedlichen Schwingungsamplituden schwingen. Bei der dargestellten Geometrie ergibt sich für die erste Motorkomponente 1 eine kleinere Schwingungsamplitude als für die zweite Motorkomponente 2. Die Geschwindigkeiten, mit denen sich die beiden Motorkomponenten 1 und 2 bewegen, verhalten sich entsprechend umgekehrt zueinander. Damit die linearen Impulse der beiden Motorkomponenten 1 und 2 auch bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel entgegengesetzt gleiche Werte annehmen können, wird die erste Motorkomponente 1 so ausgeführt, das sie eine größere Masse aufweist als die zweite Motorkomponente 2. Diese Geometrie läßt sich beispielsweise bei einem elektrischen Rasierer einsetzen, bei dem ein oder mehrere Scher- messer schnelle Schwingungsbewegungen mit großer Amplitude ausführen sollen und ein Scherkopf dazu gegenphasig mit kleiner Amplitude schwingen soll. Hierzu wird das Schermesser bzw. werden die Schermesser von der zweiten Motorkomponente 2 angetrieben und der Scherkopf von der ersten Motorkomponente 1.A special feature of the exemplary embodiment shown is that the third bore 13 is not arranged centrally between the bores 11 and 12, but closer to the first bore 11 for articulation on the iron core 3 of the first motor component 1. As a result, the two engine components 1 and 2 vibrate with different vibration amplitudes. In the geometry shown, there is a smaller vibration amplitude for the first motor component 1 than for the second motor component 2. The speeds at which the two motor components 1 and 2 move are correspondingly the opposite of one another. So that the linear impulses of the two motor components 1 and 2 can also have opposite values in this exemplary embodiment, the first motor component 1 is designed so that it has a greater mass than the second motor component 2. This geometry can be used, for example, in an electric razor where one or more shear knife should perform rapid oscillation movements with a large amplitude and a shaving head should oscillate in opposite phase with a small amplitude. For this purpose, the shaving knife or the shaving knives are driven by the second motor component 2 and the shaving head by the first motor component 1.
Fig. 3 zeigt ein Ausführungsbeispiel für einen oszillierenden Linearmotor eines elektrischen Rasierers in perspektivischer Darstellung. Eine zugehörige Explosionsdarstellung ist in Fig. 5 abgebildet. Außer dem Linearmotor selbst sind von dem Rasierer nur einige wenige Bestandteile dargestellt, die unmittelbar an den Linearmotor angebunden sind. Der besseren Übersicht halber wurde zudem von einer Darstellung des Scherkopfes abgesehen. Die sonstige Ausbildung des Rasierers kann auf herkömmliche Weise erfolgen. Für die Beschreibung werden für einander entsprechende Bauteile die Bezeichnungen gemäß Fig. 2 verwendet, wobei die konkrete Ausgestaltung der Bauteile und auch des gesamten Linearmotors zum Teil erheblich von Fig. 2 abweicht.Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of an oscillating linear motor of an electric shaver in a perspective view. An associated exploded view is shown in Fig. 5. In addition to the linear motor itself, the razor shows only a few components that are directly connected to the linear motor. For the sake of clarity, the shaving head was not shown. The other design of the razor can be done in a conventional manner. For the description, the designations according to FIG. 2 are used for corresponding components, the specific design of the components and also of the entire linear motor partly deviating considerably from FIG. 2.
Der Linearmotor ist auf einer Grundplatte 14 montiert, die fest mit einem nicht figürlich dargestellten Gehäuse des Rasierers verbunden ist. In die Grundplatte 14 sind zwei gestufte Bolzen 15 eingelassen, die durch die dritten Bohrungen 13 der Streben 10 geführt sind. Über vier durchbohrte Lagerklötze 16 sind die beiden Motorkomponenten 1 und 2 drehbar an die Streben 10 angelenkt. Hierzu sind an jeder Strebe 10 zwei Zapfen 17 vorgesehen, auf die die Lagerklötze 16 aufgesteckt sind, wobei jeweils ein gewisses Spiel zwischen den Zapfen 17 und den Bohrungen 11 oder 12 der Lagerklötze 16 besteht. Von den beiden Lagerklötzen 16, die jeweils auf eine Strebe 10 aufgesteckt sind, ist einer an der ersten Motorkomponente 1 und der andere an der zweiten Motorkomponente 2 befestigt. Durch diese Anordnung sind die beiden Motorkomponenten 1 und 2 so aufgehängt, daß sie sich innerhalb gewisser Grenzen parallel zur Längsseite der Grundplatte 14 bewegen können. Die beiden Motorkomponenten 1 und 2 sind durch insgesamt vier als Blattfedern ausgebildete Federn 8 miteinander verbunden, durch die bei Auslenkung aus der dargestellten Gleichgewichtsposition Rückstellkräfte erzeugt werden. Mit der ersten Motorkomponente 1 und der zweiten Motorkomponente 2 ist jeweils ein Schermesser 18 fest verbunden, so daß die beiden Schermesser 18 gegenphasig zueinander angetrieben werden. Als weitere Bestandteile weist das dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel des Linearmotors den Eisenkern 3 mit der Spule 4 und die Dauermagnete 5 auf sowie eine Reihe von sonstigen Bauteilen auf, die im Rahmen der Erfindung nicht von besonderem Interesse sind und auf die deshalb nicht näher eingegangen wird. Fig. 5 zeigt die beiden Motorkomponenten 1 und 2 des Linearmotors aus Fig. 3 als separate Einheiten in einer perspektivischen Darstellung. In Fig. 6 sind die beiden Motorkomponenten 1 und 2 zusammengefügt dargestellt. Bei einem Vergleich mit den Fig. 3 und 4 ist zu beachten, daß zur Veranschaulichung weiterer Einzelheiten in den Fig. 5 und 6 eine rückseitige Ansicht dargestellt ist, d. h. der dargestellte Gegenstand ist um eine vertikale Achse um 180° gedreht.The linear motor is mounted on a base plate 14 which is firmly connected to a housing of the razor, not shown in the figure. Two stepped bolts 15 are let into the base plate 14 and are guided through the third bores 13 of the struts 10. The two motor components 1 and 2 are rotatably articulated to the struts 10 via four perforated bearing blocks 16. For this purpose, two pins 17 are provided on each strut 10, onto which the bearing blocks 16 are attached, there being a certain amount of play between the pins 17 and the bores 11 or 12 of the bearing blocks 16. Of the two bearing blocks 16, each of which is attached to a strut 10, one is fastened to the first motor component 1 and the other to the second motor component 2. With this arrangement, the two motor components 1 and 2 are suspended in such a way that they can move parallel to the longitudinal side of the base plate 14 within certain limits. The two motor components 1 and 2 are connected to one another by a total of four springs 8 designed as leaf springs, by means of which restoring forces are generated when deflected from the equilibrium position shown. With the first motor component 1 and the second motor component 2, a shear knife 18 is firmly connected, so that the two shear knives 18 are driven in phase opposition to one another. As further components, the illustrated embodiment of the linear motor has the iron core 3 with the coil 4 and the permanent magnets 5, as well as a number of other components which are not of particular interest in the context of the invention and which are therefore not dealt with in more detail. FIG. 5 shows the two motor components 1 and 2 of the linear motor from FIG. 3 as separate units in a perspective view. In Fig. 6, the two engine components 1 and 2 are shown assembled. When comparing with FIGS. 3 and 4, it should be noted that to illustrate further details in FIGS. 5 and 6 a rear view is shown, ie the object shown is rotated by 180 ° about a vertical axis.
Wie aus den Fig. 5 und 6 hervorgeht, sind die beiden Motorkomponenten 1 und 2 so aufgebaut, daß sie kammförmig ineinander greifen. Dadurch ist es möglich, den Linearmotor sehr kompakt auszubilden und dennoch die bereits angesprochene Drehimpulskompensation zu erreichen, d. h. die Massenverteilungen der beiden Motorkomponenten 1 und 2 so zu gestalten, daß sich ihre Massenschwerpunkte auf einer gemeinsamen Geraden bewegen. Dabei ist es problemlos möglich, auch die Massen der von den beiden Motorkomponenten 1 und 2 angetriebenen Schermesser 18 und gegebenenfalls eines angetriebenen Scherkopfes einzubeziehen. Beim dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel erfolg die Motoraufhängung an den Bolzen 15 jeweils mittig zwischen der Anlenkung an die erste Motorkomponente 1 und an die zweite Motorkomponente 2. Somit bewegen sich die beiden Motorkomponenten 1 und 2 mit gleicher Amplitude und betragsmäßig gleicher Geschwindigkeit. Durch ein Austarieren der Massen der beiden Motorkomponenten 1 und 2 jeweils einschließlich mitbewegter Bauteile können auch die linearen Impulse kompensiert werden und damit ein vibrationsarmer Rasierer realisiert werden. As can be seen from FIGS. 5 and 6, the two engine components 1 and 2 are constructed in such a way that they engage in a comb-like manner. This makes it possible to make the linear motor very compact and still achieve the angular momentum compensation already mentioned, i. H. to design the mass distributions of the two engine components 1 and 2 in such a way that their centers of mass move on a common straight line. It is easily possible to include the masses of the shear blades 18 driven by the two engine components 1 and 2 and, if appropriate, a driven shaving head. In the illustrated embodiment, the engine is suspended on the bolts 15 in the middle between the linkage to the first engine component 1 and to the second engine component 2. Thus, the two engine components 1 and 2 move with the same amplitude and the same amount of speed. By balancing the masses of the two motor components 1 and 2, each including the moving components, the linear impulses can also be compensated and a low-vibration razor can thus be realized.

Claims

Patentansprüche: claims:
1. Elektrisches Kleingerät mit einer Antriebseinrichtung zum Erzeugen einer oszillierenden Bewegung wenigstens einer Arbeitseinheit (18) des elektrischen Kleingeräts, wobei die Antriebseinrichtung eine erste Antriebskomponente (1 ), eine zweite Antriebskomponente1. Small electrical device with a drive device for generating an oscillating movement of at least one working unit (18) of the small electrical device, the drive device comprising a first drive component (1) and a second drive component
(2) und eine Spule (4) zur Ausbildung eines Magnetfelds aufweist, das von der ersten Antriebskomponente (1) ausgeht und auf die zweite Antriebskomponente (2), die beweglich im elektrischen Kleingerät angeordnet ist, derart einwirkt, daß die zweite Antriebskomponente (2) in eine oszillierende Bewegung versetzt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die erste Antriebskomponente (1 ) zur Ausführung einer zur zweiten Antriebskomponente (2) gegenphasig oszillierenden Bewegung beweglich im elektrischen Kleingerät angeordnet ist und daß sich die Massenschwerpunkte der ersten Antriebskomponente (1 ) und der zweiten Antriebskomponente (2) inklusive sich mit der ersten Antriebskomponente (1 ) oder der zweiten Antriebskomponente (2) mitbewegender Bauteile auf einer gemeinsamen Geraden bewegen.(2) and a coil (4) for forming a magnetic field, which starts from the first drive component (1) and acts on the second drive component (2), which is movably arranged in the small electrical device, in such a way that the second drive component (2 ) is set into an oscillating movement, characterized in that the first drive component (1) for executing a movement oscillating in phase opposition to the second drive component (2) is arranged to be movable in the small electrical device, and in that the center of gravity of the first drive component (1) and the second Drive component (2) including moving components moving with the first drive component (1) or the second drive component (2) on a common straight line.
2. Elektrisches Kleingerät nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Impulse der ersten Antriebskomponente (1 ) und der zweiten Antriebskomponente (2) inklusive sich mit der ersten Antriebskomponente (1 ) oder der zweiten Antriebskomponente (2) mitbewegender Bauteile entgegengesetzt gleich sind.2. Small electrical appliance according to claim 1, characterized in that the pulses of the first drive component (1) and the second drive component (2) including with the first drive component (1) or the second drive component (2) moving components are opposite the same.
3. Elektrisches Kleingerät nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die erste Antriebskomponente (1 ) und die zweite Antriebskomponente (2) kammförmig ineinandergreifen.3. Small electrical appliance according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first drive component (1) and the second drive component (2) mesh with one another.
4. Elektrisches Kleingerät nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß wenigstens eine der beiden Antriebskomponenten (1 , 2) wenigsten einen Dauermagneten (5) aufweist.4. Small electrical appliance according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the two drive components (1, 2) has at least one permanent magnet (5).
5. Elektrisches Kleingerät nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß wenigstens eine der beiden Antriebskomponenten (1 , 2) einen Wickelkern5. Small electrical appliance according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the two drive components (1, 2) has a winding core
(3) aufweist, auf dem die Spule (4) angeordnet ist. (3) on which the coil (4) is arranged.
6. Elektrisches Kleingerät nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß wenigstens ein elastisches Element (8) zur Erzeugung von Rückstellkräften vorgesehen ist.6. Small electrical appliance according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one elastic element (8) is provided for generating restoring forces.
7. Elektrisches Kleingerät nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das elastische Element (8) als Blattfeder ausgebildet ist, die an der ersten Antriebskomponente (1) und an der zweiten Antriebskomponente (2) befestigt ist.7. Small electrical appliance according to claim 6, characterized in that the elastic element (8) is designed as a leaf spring which is attached to the first drive component (1) and to the second drive component (2).
8. Elektrisches Kleingerät nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die erste Antriebskomponente (1) und die zweite Antriebskomponente (2) durch wenigstens ein Koppelelement (10) mechanisch miteinander gekoppelt sind.8. Small electrical appliance according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first drive component (1) and the second drive component (2) are mechanically coupled to one another by at least one coupling element (10).
9. Elektrisches Kleingerät nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Koppelelement (10) an die erste Antriebskomponente (1) und an die zweite Antriebskomponente (2) jeweils drehbar angelenkt ist.9. Small electrical appliance according to claim 7, characterized in that the coupling element (10) to the first drive component (1) and to the second drive component (2) is rotatably articulated.
10. Elektrisches Kleingerät nach einem der Ansprüche 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Koppelelement (10) jeweils an wenigstens eine der Antriebskomponenten (1 , 2) mit Spiel quer zur Bewegungsrichtung der Antriebskomponenten (1 , 2) angelenkt ist.10. Small electrical appliance according to one of claims 7 or 8, characterized in that the coupling element (10) is articulated to at least one of the drive components (1, 2) with play transverse to the direction of movement of the drive components (1, 2).
11. Elektrisches Kleingerät nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Koppelelement (10) drehbar gelagert ist.11. Small electrical appliance according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the coupling element (10) is rotatably mounted.
12. Elektrisches Kleingerät nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Koppelelement (10) an einer Befestigungsachse (15) zur Befestigung der Antriebseinrichtung an dem elektrischen Kleingerät drehbar gelagert ist.12. Small electrical device according to claim 10, characterized in that the coupling element (10) is rotatably mounted on a fastening axis (15) for fastening the drive device to the small electrical device.
13. Elektrisches Kleingerät nach einem der Ansprüche 10 oder 11 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Koppelelement (10) außermittig zwischen der Anlenkung des Koppelelements (10) an der ersten Antriebskomponente (1) und an der zweiten Antriebskomponente (2) drehbar gelagert ist. 13. Small electrical appliance according to one of claims 10 or 11, characterized in that the coupling element (10) is rotatably mounted off-center between the articulation of the coupling element (10) on the first drive component (1) and on the second drive component (2).
EP03747906A 2002-09-11 2003-08-19 Small electrical appliance with a drive device for generation of an oscillating movement Expired - Lifetime EP1539437B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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DE10242092 2002-09-11
DE10242092A DE10242092A1 (en) 2002-09-11 2002-09-11 Small electrical device with a drive device for generating an oscillating movement
PCT/EP2003/009155 WO2004028760A1 (en) 2002-09-11 2003-08-19 Small electrical appliance with a drive device for generation of an oscillating movement

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EP1539437A1 true EP1539437A1 (en) 2005-06-15
EP1539437B1 EP1539437B1 (en) 2005-12-21

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JP (1) JP4426969B2 (en)
CN (1) CN100343028C (en)
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JP4426969B2 (en) 2010-03-03
AU2003266991A1 (en) 2004-04-19
US7015602B2 (en) 2006-03-21
DE10242092A1 (en) 2004-04-01
JP2005537899A (en) 2005-12-15
US20050212365A1 (en) 2005-09-29
CN1681627A (en) 2005-10-12
CN100343028C (en) 2007-10-17
DE50302023D1 (en) 2006-01-26
WO2004028760A1 (en) 2004-04-08
EP1539437B1 (en) 2005-12-21
ATE313418T1 (en) 2006-01-15

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