EP1525375A1 - Method of determining a clearance - Google Patents

Method of determining a clearance

Info

Publication number
EP1525375A1
EP1525375A1 EP03750797A EP03750797A EP1525375A1 EP 1525375 A1 EP1525375 A1 EP 1525375A1 EP 03750797 A EP03750797 A EP 03750797A EP 03750797 A EP03750797 A EP 03750797A EP 1525375 A1 EP1525375 A1 EP 1525375A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
movable member
valve
extreme
electromagnetic
closed position
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP03750797A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1525375B1 (en
Inventor
Nicolas Gelez
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valeo Systemes de Controle Moteur SAS
Original Assignee
Johnson Controls Technology Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Johnson Controls Technology Co filed Critical Johnson Controls Technology Co
Publication of EP1525375A1 publication Critical patent/EP1525375A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1525375B1 publication Critical patent/EP1525375B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
    • F01L9/21—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means actuated by solenoids
    • F01L2009/2132—Biasing means
    • F01L2009/2134—Helical springs
    • F01L2009/2136—Two opposed springs for intermediate resting position of the armature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
    • F01L9/21—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means actuated by solenoids
    • F01L2009/2167—Sensing means
    • F01L2009/2171—Vibration sensors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/40—Methods of operation thereof; Control of valve actuation, e.g. duration or lift
    • F01L2009/4098—Methods of operation thereof; Control of valve actuation, e.g. duration or lift relating to gap between armature shaft and valve stem end
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2800/00—Methods of operation using a variable valve timing mechanism
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/0318—Processes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8158—With indicator, register, recorder, alarm or inspection means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8158—With indicator, register, recorder, alarm or inspection means
    • Y10T137/8225—Position or extent of motion indicator

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for determining a clearance between two moving parts.
  • the method of the invention is more particularly usable in heat engines comprising valves each associated with a valve actuator to determine the clearance existing between the stem of each valve and the movable member of the actuator which cooperates with the tail of the valve for moving the valve between an open position in which the valve is removed from its seat and a closed position in which the valve is pressed against its seat.
  • electromagnetic valve actuators which conventionally comprise elastic means and electromagnetic means for actuating the movable member between two extreme positions corresponding respectively to the open position of the valve and to the closed position of the valve.
  • the elastic means generally comprise a spring associated with the movable member to recall it elastically in its extreme open position and a spring associated with the valve stem to elastically recall the latter in its closed position and to elastically recall the movable member in its extreme closed position.
  • the electromagnetic means generally comprise an electromagnet for supplying and / or holding the movable member in the extreme open position and an electromagnet for supplying and / or holding the mobile member in the extreme position closing.
  • the movable member and the valve are not connected to each other and there is a clearance commonly called “distribution clearance" between the movable member and the valve when the movable member is in the extreme closed position and the valve is correctly pressed against its seat by the spring associated with it.
  • the distribution clearance varies during the operation of the engine, in particular as a function of the temperature, and also during the life of the engine, in particular as a function of the wear of the valve and of the various components of the actuator. valve.
  • the distribution clearance can vary from one actuator to another depending on the manufacturing tolerances thereof.
  • a method is known which consists in controlling the actuating means to move the movable member from the extreme closed position to the extreme open position and to detect a variation in a characteristic. electric in the electromagnetic actuation means. This variation in electrical characteristic is caused by the increase in resistance to movement of the movable member when the latter meets the valve stem.
  • the distribution set is then determined from the measurement of time which has elapsed between the start of the movement of the movable member and the appearance of the variation in the electrical characteristic. This determination of the distribution set is however imprecise.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a means enabling the distribution clearance to be determined in a simple and precise manner.
  • a method for determining a clearance between a valve stem of a heat engine and a movable member of an electromagnetic actuator comprising electromagnetic means for moving the movable member between an extreme open position and an extreme closed position of the valve, the electromagnetic displacement means being controlled by servo means from an electrical setpoint characteristic.
  • the method comprises the steps of: controlling the electromagnetic means to obtain a substantially constant speed of movement of the movable member between the extreme closed position and the extreme open position, •
  • the invention is here described in application to the actuation of a valve 1 of a heat engine bearing the general reference 2.
  • the valve 1 has a tail 3 and is mounted on a cylinder head 4 of the heat engine 2 to slide between a closed position in which the valve is applied against a seat 5 of the cylinder head 4 and an open position in which the valve is detached from seat 5 of cylinder head 4.
  • the valve is actuated between these two positions by means of an actuator generally designated at 6 mounted on the cylinder head 4 of the heat engine 2.
  • the actuator comprises a body 7 in which is mounted for sliding a movable member generally designated at 8 comprising a rod 9 having a first end 10 arranged to bear on a free end of the stem 3 of the valve 1 and a second end 11 secured to a pallet 12 received in a housing 13 of the body 7 to slide parallel to the rod 9.
  • the body 7 incorporates, in a manner known per se, electromagnetic means for moving the movable member 8.
  • the electromagnetic means comprise an electromagnet 14 for holding the pallet 12 in a position called the extreme closed position of the valve and an electromagnet 15 for holding the pallet 12 in a position called the extreme opening position of the valve which open on two opposite faces of the housing 13 of the body 7.
  • the pallet 12 is here in contact with the electro- magnet 14, 15 when it is in the corresponding extreme position.
  • the electromagnets 14, 15 are controlled in a manner known in itself via unrepresented control means from a setpoint current and a speed of movement of the movable member 8. This control mode is known in itself. This control can be ensured by the engine control unit which also uses a speed signal from the paddle
  • the actuator 12 obtained by deriving a position signal supplied by a position sensor 16 of the rod 9.
  • the position sensor 16 is for example a Hall effect sensor known in itself.
  • the actuator also comprises, in a manner known per se, elastic displacement means.
  • the elastic displacement means comprise, in a manner known per se, a spring 17 interposed between a face 18 of the body 7 and a shoulder 19 of the rod 9 to return the pallet 12 to the extreme open position and a spring 20 interposed between a face 21 of the cylinder head 4 and a shoulder 22 of the valve stem 3 to return the valve 1 to the closed position.
  • the actuator, cylinder head 4 and valve 1 are arranged in such a way that, when the pallet 12 is in the extreme closed position and the valve 1 is applied against its seat 5, there is a clearance j or distribution clearance between the first end 10 of the rod 9 and the free end valve stem 3.
  • the method according to the invention makes it possible to determine the clearance j during the operation of the heat engine.
  • the method according to the invention comprises the step of controlling the electromagnets 14, 15 to move the movable member 8 from its extreme closed position to its extreme open position with a substantially constant speed.
  • the speed of movement of the movable member can be kept constant up to the extreme open position or over a distance greater than a maximum possible clearance, taking into account the geometric characteristics of the actuator, the valve and the cylinder head.
  • the method comprises the step of obtaining values of the setpoint current for intermediate positions of the movable member during the displacement of the movable member 8 from the extreme closed position to the extreme open position and the 'step of detecting an intermediate position of the movable member 8 for which the setpoint current undergoes an abrupt variation.
  • the setpoint current is supplied by the servo means (but it could be measured or detected) and the intermediate positions of the movable member 8 are supplied by the position sensor 16.
  • the setpoint current is then related to the intermediate positions of the movable member 8.
  • the detection of the intermediate position for which the setpoint current undergoes an abrupt variation is preferably carried out from the derivative of the setpoint current with respect to the position of the pallet 12.
  • this derivative is put in the form of a curve, the curve has peaks at the intermediate position corresponding to the meeting point of the movable member 8 and the valve stem 3.
  • the electromagnetic means can be controlled to first bring the movable member 8 gently to the intermediate position determined here. above to bring the movable member 8 into contact with the valve stem 3, then accelerate the movable member 8 once the latter bears against the valve stem.
  • the electromagnetic means can be controlled to first bring the movable member 8 quickly to the intermediate position determined above. in order to have a rapid closing of the valve, then to gently bring the movable member 8 to the extreme closing position to limit the noise of the contact of the pallet 12 with the electromagnet 14.
  • the clearance j can be determined with different operating modes depending on the engine operating mode and the engine speed. tor.
  • the implementation of the method described above does not interfere with the normal operation of the actuator, it does not generate additional noise and is therefore particularly well suited for use at idle speeds.
  • a determination method which would cause noisier operation of the actuator could be used when the engine is in starting mode or the engine is in normal operating mode at a speed higher than a predetermined speed, for example 2000 rpm .
  • the method of the invention can be carried out for a displacement of the movable member towards the extreme open position as described above or towards the extreme closed position.
  • the speed of movement of the movable member will be kept substantially constant, for example from a middle intermediate position of the pallet.
  • the electromagnetic means can be controlled from another electrical characteristic such as a set voltage.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method of determining a clearance between a valve (1) stem (3) of a heat engine (2) and a mobile element (8) of an electromagnetic actuator (7) comprising electromagnetic means (14, 15) which are used to move said mobile element between an end valve open position and an end valve closed position. The aforementioned electromagnetic movement means are controlled using automatic control means according to a set current. The inventive method comprises steps consisting in controlling the electromagnetic means in order to: obtain an essentially constant movement speed for the aforementioned mobile element moving between the end closed position and the end open position, obtain the values of the set electrical characteristic for intermediary positions of the mobile element and detect an intermediary position for which the set electrical characteristic undergoes a sudden variation.

Description

PROCEDE DE DETERMINATION D' UN JEU METHOD FOR DETERMINING A GAME
La présente invention concerne un procédé de détermination d'un jeu entre deux pièces mobiles.The present invention relates to a method for determining a clearance between two moving parts.
Le procédé de l'invention est plus particulièrement utilisable dans les moteurs thermiques comportant des soupapes associées chacune à un actionneur de soupape pour déterminer le jeu existant entre la queue de chaque soupape et l'organe mobile de l' actionneur qui coopère avec la queue de la soupape pour déplacer la soupape entre une position d'ouverture dans laquelle la soupape est écartée de son siège et une position de fermeture dans laquelle la soupape est plaquée contre son siège.The method of the invention is more particularly usable in heat engines comprising valves each associated with a valve actuator to determine the clearance existing between the stem of each valve and the movable member of the actuator which cooperates with the tail of the valve for moving the valve between an open position in which the valve is removed from its seat and a closed position in which the valve is pressed against its seat.
Il existe des actionneurs électromagnétiques de soupape qui comprennent de façon classique des moyens élastiques et des moyens électromagnétiques d' actionnement de l'organe mobile entre deux positions extrêmes correspondant respectivement à la position d'ouverture de la soupape et à la position de fermeture de la soupape. Les moyens élastiques comprennent généralement un ressort associé à l'organe mobile pour rappeler celui-ci élastiquement dans sa position extrême d'ouverture et un ressort associé à la queue de soupape pour rappeler élastiquement celle-ci dans sa position de fermeture et pour rappeler élastiquement l'organe mobile dans sa position extrême de fermeture. Les moyens élec- tromagnétiques comprennent généralement un électroaimant d'amenée et/ou de maintien de l'organe mobile dans la position extrême d'ouverture et un électroaimant d'amenée et/ou de maintien de l'organe mobile dans la position extrême de ermeture . Afin d'être certain que la soupape est correctement plaquée contre son siège lorsque l'organe mobile est en position extrême de fermeture, l'organe mobile et la soupape ne sont pas reliés l'un à l'autre et il existe un jeu couramment appelé « jeu de distribution » entre l'organe mobile et la soupape lorsque l'organe mobile est en position extrême de fermeture et la soupape est correctement plaquée contre son siège par le ressort qui lui est associé.There are electromagnetic valve actuators which conventionally comprise elastic means and electromagnetic means for actuating the movable member between two extreme positions corresponding respectively to the open position of the valve and to the closed position of the valve. The elastic means generally comprise a spring associated with the movable member to recall it elastically in its extreme open position and a spring associated with the valve stem to elastically recall the latter in its closed position and to elastically recall the movable member in its extreme closed position. The electromagnetic means generally comprise an electromagnet for supplying and / or holding the movable member in the extreme open position and an electromagnet for supplying and / or holding the mobile member in the extreme position closing. In order to be certain that the valve is correctly pressed against its seat when the movable member is in the extreme closed position, the movable member and the valve are not connected to each other and there is a clearance commonly called "distribution clearance" between the movable member and the valve when the movable member is in the extreme closed position and the valve is correctly pressed against its seat by the spring associated with it.
Dès lors, si l'organe mobile est rapidement amené de la position extrême de fermeture à la position extrême d'ouverture, l'organe mobile vient heurter la queue de soupape. Ce choc, du reste bruyant, engendre des sollicitations mécaniques et une usure de l'organe mobile et de la queue de soupape qui peuvent dans des cas extrêmes aboutir à une détérioration de ceux-ci. Il est donc important de connaître précisément la valeur du jeu de distribution de manière que les moyens électromagnétiques puissent être commandés pour d'abord amener l'organe mobile doucement au contact de la queue de soupape puis ac- célêrer l'organe mobile une fois celui-ci en appui contre la queue de soupape .Therefore, if the movable member is quickly brought from the extreme closed position to the extreme open position, the movable member strikes the valve stem. This shock, which is noisy, generates mechanical stresses and wear of the moving member and of the valve stem which can in extreme cases lead to a deterioration of these. It is therefore important to know precisely the value of the distribution clearance so that the electromagnetic means can be controlled to first bring the movable member gently into contact with the valve stem and then accelerate the movable member once the -this pressing against the valve stem.
Or, le jeu de distribution varie au cours du fonctionnement du moteur, notamment en fonction de la température, et également au cours de la vie du moteur, notamment en fonction de l'usure de la soupape et des différents composants de l' actionneur de soupape. En outre, le jeu de distribution peut varier d'un actionneur à un autre en fonction des tolérances de fabrication de ceux-ci . Pour déterminer le jeu de distribution, il est connu un procédé consistant à commander les moyens d'actionnement pour déplacer l'organe mobile de la position extrême de fermeture à la position extrême d'ouverture et de détecter une variation d'une caracté- ristique électrique dans les moyens d'actionnement électromagnétiques. Cette variation de caractéristique électrique est provoquée par l'accroissement de la résistance au déplacement de l'organe mobile lorsque celui-ci rencontre la queue de soupape. Le jeu de distribution est ensuite déterminé a partir de la mesure du temps qui s'est écoulé entre le début du déplacement de l'organe mobile et l'apparition de la variation de la caractéristique électrique. Cette détermination du jeu de distribution s'avère toutefois peu précise. Un but de 1 ' invention est de fournir un moyen permettant de manière simple et précise de déterminer le jeu de distribution.However, the distribution clearance varies during the operation of the engine, in particular as a function of the temperature, and also during the life of the engine, in particular as a function of the wear of the valve and of the various components of the actuator. valve. In addition, the distribution clearance can vary from one actuator to another depending on the manufacturing tolerances thereof. To determine the distribution clearance, a method is known which consists in controlling the actuating means to move the movable member from the extreme closed position to the extreme open position and to detect a variation in a characteristic. electric in the electromagnetic actuation means. This variation in electrical characteristic is caused by the increase in resistance to movement of the movable member when the latter meets the valve stem. The distribution set is then determined from the measurement of time which has elapsed between the start of the movement of the movable member and the appearance of the variation in the electrical characteristic. This determination of the distribution set is however imprecise. An object of the invention is to provide a means enabling the distribution clearance to be determined in a simple and precise manner.
A cet effet, on prévoit, selon l'invention, un procédé de détermination d'un jeu entre une queue de sou- pape de moteur thermique et un organe mobile d'un actionneur électromagnétique comportant des moyens électromagnétiques de déplacement de l'organe mobile entre une position extrême d'ouverture et une position extrême de fermeture de la soupape, les moyens électromagnétiques de déplacement étant commandés par des moyens d'asservissement à partir d'une caractéristique électrique de consigne. Le procédé comprend les étapes de : commander les moyens électromagnétiques pour obtenir une vitesse de déplacement sensiblement constante de l'organe mobile entre la position extrême de fermeture et la position extrême d'ouverture, • To this end, there is provided, according to the invention, a method for determining a clearance between a valve stem of a heat engine and a movable member of an electromagnetic actuator comprising electromagnetic means for moving the movable member between an extreme open position and an extreme closed position of the valve, the electromagnetic displacement means being controlled by servo means from an electrical setpoint characteristic. The method comprises the steps of: controlling the electromagnetic means to obtain a substantially constant speed of movement of the movable member between the extreme closed position and the extreme open position, •
- obtenir des valeurs de la caractéristique électrique de consigne pour des positions intermédiaires de l'organe mobile, - détecter une position intermédiaire pour laquelle la caractéristique électrique de consigne subit une brusque variation.- obtain values of the electrical setpoint characteristic for intermediate positions of the movable member, - detect an intermediate position for which the electrical setpoint characteristic undergoes a sudden variation.
En prenant exemple du courant comme caractéristique électrique de consigne, lorsque les moyens électroma- gnétiques provoquent un déplacement de l'organe mobile de la position extrême de fermeture à la position extrême d'ouverture, la brusque variation du courant de consigne est significative d'une augmentation brusque de l'effort résistant au déplacement de l'organe mobile. Cette aug- mentation de l'effort résistant, produite par le ressort de rappel de la soupape en position de fermeture qui tend à s'opposer au déplacement de la soupape vers la position d'ouverture, intervient au moment où l'organe mobile arrive au contact de la queue de soupape. Grâce au procédé de l'invention, cette brusque variation du courant de consigne est immédiatement mise en relation avec une position intermédiaire de l'organe mobile. Il est dès lors aisé, connaissant la position extrême de départ et cette position intermédiaire de l'organe mobile , d'en déduire précisément la valeur du jeu de distribution.Taking the example of current as the electrical setpoint characteristic, when the electromagnetic means cause the movable member to move from the extreme closed position to the extreme open position, the sudden variation in the setpoint current is significant a sudden increase in the force resisting the displacement of the movable member. This increase in the resistant force produced by the spring valve return in the closed position which tends to oppose the movement of the valve to the open position, occurs when the movable member comes into contact with the valve stem. Thanks to the method of the invention, this sudden variation in the setpoint current is immediately related to an intermediate position of the movable member. It is therefore easy, knowing the extreme starting position and this intermediate position of the movable member, to deduce precisely the value of the distribution clearance.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront à la lecture de la description qui suit d'un mode de mise en œuvre particulier non limitatif de l'invention. II sera fait référence à la figure unique annexée représentant schématiquement une soupape de moteur thermique associée à son dispositif d'actionnement.Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge on reading the following description of a particular non-limiting embodiment of the invention. Reference will be made to the appended single figure schematically showing a thermal engine valve associated with its actuation device.
L'invention est ici décrite en application à l'actionnement d'une soupape 1 d'un moteur thermique por- tant la référence générale 2.The invention is here described in application to the actuation of a valve 1 of a heat engine bearing the general reference 2.
La soupape 1 possède une queue 3 et est montée sur une culasse 4 du moteur thermique 2 pour coulisser entre une position de fermeture dans laquelle la soupape est appliquée contre un siège 5 de la culasse 4 et une position d'ouverture dans laquelle la soupape est décollée du siège 5 de la culasse 4.The valve 1 has a tail 3 and is mounted on a cylinder head 4 of the heat engine 2 to slide between a closed position in which the valve is applied against a seat 5 of the cylinder head 4 and an open position in which the valve is detached from seat 5 of cylinder head 4.
La soupape est actionnée entre ces deux positions par l'intermédiaire d'un actionneur généralement désigné en 6 monté sur la culasse 4 du moteur thermique 2. L' actionneur comprend un corps 7 dans lequel est monté pour coulisser un organe mobile généralement désigné en 8 comportant une tige 9 ayant une première extrémité 10 agencée pour prendre appui sur une extrémité libre de la queue 3 de la soupape 1 et une deuxième extré- mité 11 solidaire d'une palette 12 reçue dans un logement 13 du corps 7 pour coulisser parallèlement à la tige 9.The valve is actuated between these two positions by means of an actuator generally designated at 6 mounted on the cylinder head 4 of the heat engine 2. The actuator comprises a body 7 in which is mounted for sliding a movable member generally designated at 8 comprising a rod 9 having a first end 10 arranged to bear on a free end of the stem 3 of the valve 1 and a second end 11 secured to a pallet 12 received in a housing 13 of the body 7 to slide parallel to the rod 9.
Le corps 7 incorpore de façon connue en elle-même des moyens électromagnétiques de déplacement de l'organe mobile 8. Les moyens électromagnétiques comportent un électro-aimant 14 de maintien de la palette 12 dans une position dite position extrême de fermeture de la soupape et un électro-aimant 15 de maintien de la palette 12 dans une position dite position extrême d'ouverture de la sou- pape qui débouchent sur deux faces opposées du logement 13 du corps 7. La palette 12 est ici en contact avec l' électro-aimant 14, 15 lorsqu'elle est dans la position extrême correspondante.The body 7 incorporates, in a manner known per se, electromagnetic means for moving the movable member 8. The electromagnetic means comprise an electromagnet 14 for holding the pallet 12 in a position called the extreme closed position of the valve and an electromagnet 15 for holding the pallet 12 in a position called the extreme opening position of the valve which open on two opposite faces of the housing 13 of the body 7. The pallet 12 is here in contact with the electro- magnet 14, 15 when it is in the corresponding extreme position.
Les électroaimants 14, 15 sont commandés de façon connue en elle-même via des moyens non représentés d'asservissement à partir d'un courant de consigne et d'une vitesse de déplacement de l'organe mobile 8. Ce mode d'asservissement est connu en lui-même. Cet asservissement peut être assuré par l'unité de contrôle moteur qui exploite également un signal de vitesse de la paletteThe electromagnets 14, 15 are controlled in a manner known in itself via unrepresented control means from a setpoint current and a speed of movement of the movable member 8. This control mode is known in itself. This control can be ensured by the engine control unit which also uses a speed signal from the paddle
12 obtenu par dérivation d'un signal de position fourni par un capteur de position 16 de la tige 9. Le capteur de position 16 est par exemple un capteur à effet Hall connu en lui-même. L' actionneur comprend également, de façon connue en soi, des moyens élastiques de déplacement.12 obtained by deriving a position signal supplied by a position sensor 16 of the rod 9. The position sensor 16 is for example a Hall effect sensor known in itself. The actuator also comprises, in a manner known per se, elastic displacement means.
Les moyens élastiques de déplacement comprennent de façon connue en elle-même un ressort 17 intercalé entre une face 18 du corps 7 et un épaulement 19 de la tige 9 pour rappeler la palette 12 en position extrême d'ouverture et un ressort 20 intercalé entre une face 21 de la culasse 4 et un épaulement 22 de la queue de soupape 3 pour rappeler la soupape 1 en position de fermeture. L' actionneur, la culasse 4 et la soupape 1 sont agencés de telle manière que, lorsque la palette 12 est en position extrême de fermeture et la soupape 1 est appliquée contre son siège 5, il existe un jeu j ou jeu de distribution entre la première extrémité 10 de la tige 9 et l'extrémité libre de la queue de soupape 3.The elastic displacement means comprise, in a manner known per se, a spring 17 interposed between a face 18 of the body 7 and a shoulder 19 of the rod 9 to return the pallet 12 to the extreme open position and a spring 20 interposed between a face 21 of the cylinder head 4 and a shoulder 22 of the valve stem 3 to return the valve 1 to the closed position. The actuator, cylinder head 4 and valve 1 are arranged in such a way that, when the pallet 12 is in the extreme closed position and the valve 1 is applied against its seat 5, there is a clearance j or distribution clearance between the first end 10 of the rod 9 and the free end valve stem 3.
Le procédé conforme à l'invention permet de déterminer le jeu j durant le fonctionnement du moteur thermique .The method according to the invention makes it possible to determine the clearance j during the operation of the heat engine.
Le procédé conforme à l'invention comprend l'étape de commander les électroaimants 14, 15 pour déplacer avec une vitesse sensiblement constante l'organe mobile 8 de sa position extrême de fermeture vers sa position extrême d'ouverture. La vitesse de déplacement de l'organe mobile peut être maintenue constante jusqu'à la position extrême d'ouverture ou sur une distance supérieure à un jeu maximal possible compte tenu des caractéristiques géométriques de l' actionneur, de la soupape et de la culasse.The method according to the invention comprises the step of controlling the electromagnets 14, 15 to move the movable member 8 from its extreme closed position to its extreme open position with a substantially constant speed. The speed of movement of the movable member can be kept constant up to the extreme open position or over a distance greater than a maximum possible clearance, taking into account the geometric characteristics of the actuator, the valve and the cylinder head.
Simultanément, le procédé comprend l'étape d'obtenir des valeurs du courant de consigne pour des positions intermédiaires de l'organe mobile pendant le déplacement de l'organe mobile 8 de la position extrême de fermeture à la position extrême d'ouverture et l'étape de détecter une position intermédiaire de l'organe mobile 8 pour laquelle le courant de consigne subit une brusque variation.Simultaneously, the method comprises the step of obtaining values of the setpoint current for intermediate positions of the movable member during the displacement of the movable member 8 from the extreme closed position to the extreme open position and the 'step of detecting an intermediate position of the movable member 8 for which the setpoint current undergoes an abrupt variation.
Le courant de consigne est fourni par les moyens d'asservissement (mais il pourrait être mesuré ou détecté) et les positions intermédiaires de l'organe mobile 8 sont fournies par le capteur de position 16.The setpoint current is supplied by the servo means (but it could be measured or detected) and the intermediate positions of the movable member 8 are supplied by the position sensor 16.
Le courant de consigne est alors mis en relation avec les positions intermédiaires de l'organe mobile 8.The setpoint current is then related to the intermediate positions of the movable member 8.
La détection de la position intermédiaire pour laquelle le courant de consigne subit une brusque varia- tion est de préférence réalisée à partir de la dérivée du courant de consigne par rapport à la position de la palette 12. Lorsque cette dérivée est mise sous forme d'une courbe, la courbe présente des pics au niveau de la position intermédiaire correspondant au point de rencontre de l'organe mobile 8 et de la queue de soupape 3.The detection of the intermediate position for which the setpoint current undergoes an abrupt variation is preferably carried out from the derivative of the setpoint current with respect to the position of the pallet 12. When this derivative is put in the form of a curve, the curve has peaks at the intermediate position corresponding to the meeting point of the movable member 8 and the valve stem 3.
Connaissant la position extrême de fermeture, on en déduit la distance entre cette position extrême de fermeture et la position intermédiaire précitée. Cette distance correspond au jeu j. Ainsi, lors du déplacement de l'organe mobile 8 de la position extrême de fermeture à la position extrême d'ouverture, les moyens électromagnétiques peuvent être commandés pour d'abord amener l'organe mobile 8 doucement jusqu'à la position intermédiaire déterminée ci-dessus pour mettre en contact l'organe mobile 8 et la queue de soupape 3, puis accélérer l'organe mobile 8 une fois celui-ci en appui contre la queue de soupape.Knowing the extreme closed position, we deduce the distance between this extreme closed position and the aforementioned intermediate position. This distance corresponds to the game j. Thus, during the movement of the movable member 8 from the extreme closed position to the extreme open position, the electromagnetic means can be controlled to first bring the movable member 8 gently to the intermediate position determined here. above to bring the movable member 8 into contact with the valve stem 3, then accelerate the movable member 8 once the latter bears against the valve stem.
Lors du déplacement de l'organe mobile 8 de la position extrême d'ouverture à la position extrême de fermeture, les moyens électromagnétiques peuvent être commandés pour d'abord amener l'organe mobile 8 rapidement jusqu'à la position intermédiaire déterminée ci- dessus pour avoir une fermeture rapide de la soupape, puis d'amener doucement l'organe mobile 8 en position ex- trê e de fermeture pour limiter le bruit du contact de la palette 12 avec l' électroaimant 14.During the movement of the movable member 8 from the extreme open position to the extreme closed position, the electromagnetic means can be controlled to first bring the movable member 8 quickly to the intermediate position determined above. in order to have a rapid closing of the valve, then to gently bring the movable member 8 to the extreme closing position to limit the noise of the contact of the pallet 12 with the electromagnet 14.
La détermination du jeu j est de préférence renouvelée périodiquement, par exemple toutes les secondes. Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée au mode de mise en oeuvre qui vient d'être décrit, mais englobe au contraire toute variante rentrant dans le cadre de l'invention définie par les revendications.The determination of the clearance j is preferably renewed periodically, for example every second. Of course, the invention is not limited to the mode of implementation which has just been described, but on the contrary encompasses any variant coming within the scope of the invention defined by the claims.
En particulier, la détermination du jeu j peut être effectuée avec des modes d'opération différents se- Ion le mode de fonctionnement du moteur et le régime mo- teur. Ainsi, la mise en œuvre du procédé ci-dessus décrit n'interférant pas avec le fonctionnement normal de 1' actionneur, il n'engendre pas de bruits supplémentaires et est donc particulièrement bien adapté à une utilisa- tion à des régimes de ralenti. Un procédé de détermination qui provoquerait un fonctionnement plus bruyant de l' actionneur pourrait être utilisé lorsque le moteur est en mode de démarrage ou que le moteur est en mode de fonctionnement normal à un régime supérieur à un régime prédéterminé, par exemple 2000 tours / minutes.In particular, the clearance j can be determined with different operating modes depending on the engine operating mode and the engine speed. tor. Thus, since the implementation of the method described above does not interfere with the normal operation of the actuator, it does not generate additional noise and is therefore particularly well suited for use at idle speeds. A determination method which would cause noisier operation of the actuator could be used when the engine is in starting mode or the engine is in normal operating mode at a speed higher than a predetermined speed, for example 2000 rpm .
En outre, le procédé de l'invention peut être réalisé pour un déplacement de l'organe mobile vers la position extrême d'ouverture comme décrit ci-dessus ou vers la position extrême de fermeture. Dans ce dernier cas, la vitesse de déplacement de l'organe mobile sera maintenue sensiblement constante par exemple à partir d'une position intermédiaire médiane de la palette.In addition, the method of the invention can be carried out for a displacement of the movable member towards the extreme open position as described above or towards the extreme closed position. In the latter case, the speed of movement of the movable member will be kept substantially constant, for example from a middle intermediate position of the pallet.
Par ailleurs, les moyens électromagnétiques peuvent être commandés à partir d'une autre caractéristique électrique comme une tension de consigne. Furthermore, the electromagnetic means can be controlled from another electrical characteristic such as a set voltage.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Procédé de détermination d'un jeu entre une queue (3) de soupape (1) de moteur thermique (2) et un organe mobile (8) d'un actionneur électromagnétique (7) comportant des moyens électromagnétiques (14, 15) de déplacement de l'organe mobile entre une position extrême d'ouverture et une position extrême de fermeture de la soupape, les moyens électromagnétiques de déplacement étant commandés par des moyens d'asservissement à partir d'une caractéristique électrique de consigne, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend les étapes de : commander les moyens électromagnétiques pour obtenir une vitesse de déplacement sensiblement constante de l'organe mobile entre la position extrême de fermeture et la position extrême d'ouverture,1. Method for determining a clearance between a valve stem (3) (1) of a heat engine (2) and a movable member (8) of an electromagnetic actuator (7) comprising electromagnetic means (14, 15) of movement of the movable member between an extreme open position and an extreme closed position of the valve, the electromagnetic displacement means being controlled by servo means from an electrical setpoint characteristic, characterized in that that it comprises the steps of: controlling the electromagnetic means to obtain a substantially constant speed of movement of the movable member between the extreme closed position and the extreme open position,
- obtenir des valeurs de la caractéristique électrique de consigne pour des positions intermédiaires de l'organe mobile, - détecter une position intermédiaire pour laquelle la caractéristique électrique de consigne subit une brusque variation.- obtain values of the electrical setpoint characteristic for intermediate positions of the movable member, - detect an intermediate position for which the electrical setpoint characteristic undergoes a sudden variation.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la détection comprend une phase de calcul d'une dérivée de la caractéristique électrique de consigne par rapport à la position de l'organe mobile (8) .2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the detection comprises a phase of calculating a derivative of the electrical characteristic of reference with respect to the position of the movable member (8).
3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la caractéristique électrique de consigne est un courant . 3. Method according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the electrical characteristic of reference is a current.
4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la vitesse de déplacement de l'organe mobile est maintenue sensiblement constante sur une partie du déplacement correspondant à un jeu maximal. 4. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the speed of movement of the movable member is maintained substantially constant over part of the movement corresponding to maximum play.
EP20030750797 2002-07-25 2003-07-10 Method of determining a clearance Expired - Fee Related EP1525375B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0209434A FR2842862B1 (en) 2002-07-25 2002-07-25 METHOD FOR DETERMINING A DISTRIBUTION GAME FROM AN ELECTRICAL POSITION / CHARACTERISTIC TORQUE
FR0209434 2002-07-25
PCT/FR2003/002170 WO2004016912A1 (en) 2002-07-25 2003-07-10 Method of determining a clearance

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EP1525375A1 true EP1525375A1 (en) 2005-04-27
EP1525375B1 EP1525375B1 (en) 2009-02-11

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US20050269536A1 (en) 2005-12-08
DE60326145D1 (en) 2009-03-26
EP1525375B1 (en) 2009-02-11
JP2006501391A (en) 2006-01-12
FR2842862A1 (en) 2004-01-30
JP4048201B2 (en) 2008-02-20
FR2842862B1 (en) 2006-03-03
WO2004016912A1 (en) 2004-02-26
US7121525B2 (en) 2006-10-17

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