EP1521909A1 - Cylinder head of an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Cylinder head of an internal combustion engine

Info

Publication number
EP1521909A1
EP1521909A1 EP03732508A EP03732508A EP1521909A1 EP 1521909 A1 EP1521909 A1 EP 1521909A1 EP 03732508 A EP03732508 A EP 03732508A EP 03732508 A EP03732508 A EP 03732508A EP 1521909 A1 EP1521909 A1 EP 1521909A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cylinder head
exhaust manifold
exhaust
sealing surface
internal combustion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP03732508A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1521909B1 (en
Inventor
Ulrich Rieger
Manfred Riester
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Daimler AG
Original Assignee
DaimlerChrysler AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DaimlerChrysler AG filed Critical DaimlerChrysler AG
Publication of EP1521909A1 publication Critical patent/EP1521909A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1521909B1 publication Critical patent/EP1521909B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
    • F01N13/10—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F11/00—Arrangements of sealings in combustion engines 
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F11/00—Arrangements of sealings in combustion engines 
    • F02F11/002—Arrangements of sealings in combustion engines  involving cylinder heads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2450/00—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements
    • F01N2450/24—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements by bolts, screws, rivets or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
    • F02F7/0021—Construction
    • F02F2007/0041—Fixing Bolts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine having the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine and an exhaust manifold bolted thereto in which as little heat as possible passes from the exhaust gas into the coolant.
  • the cylinder head of an internal combustion engine consists essentially of a cylinder head floor, a cylinder head roof, an outlet channel and an outlet side mounting surface.
  • the inlet side and the valve control area are not important to the invention.
  • the exhaust passage is shortened and the sealing surface at the transition to the exhaust manifold is within the outer contour of the cylinder head, which is formed by the mounting surface for the exhaust manifold on the exhaust side. Within the outer contour means that the sealing surface is arranged in a recess of the mounting surface in the cylinder head. The unit of attachment surface and sealing surface on the outlet channel is dissolved.
  • the shortened outlet channel emits less heat to the coolant in the cylinder head, ie the hot exhaust gas has more internal energy at an exhaust-gas turbocharger or an exhaust-gas aftertreatment device.
  • the exhaust passage in the cylinder head is cooled with the cooling liquid of the internal combustion engine, which causes a strong cooling due to the high heat transfer to the cooling liquid.
  • the exhaust manifold is surrounded by air or it is even designed as an air gap-insulated manifold, resulting in both cases, a low heat emission from the exhaust.
  • the aim of the invention is to make the strongly cooled section of the entire exhaust system as short as possible and to provide the remaining part of the structurally necessary length of the exhaust system with a good insulation, ie, for example, air.
  • This is achieved in that the transition from the strongly cooled, ie liquid-cooled, section to the less cooled or insulated section as close as possible to the exhaust valve, but at least upstream of the mounting surface of the exhaust manifold.
  • the transition from the highly cooled, ie liquid-cooled, section to the less strongly cooled or insulated section is formed as a sealing surface on the cylinder head with the following seal and subsequent sealing flange of the exhaust manifold.
  • the mounting surface of the exhaust manifold can be made of geometric Reasons are generally not be postponed, since the Anschraubflansch the ⁇ uspuffkrümmers with the eyes for Be fastening screws for stability reasons requires a certain size and because the location of the mounting screws for space and stability reasons in the cylinder head can not be moved arbitrarily. For example, the fastening screws must not cut gas or coolant channels and should be positioned at a sufficient distance from the cylinder head bolts.
  • the exhaust manifold is at least partially encompassed by the cylinder head, i. between the exhaust manifold and the cylinder head is over a part or the entire circumference of the exhaust manifold, at least in the area immediately after the sealing surface, a narrow gap formed by the exhaust manifold and the cylinder head.
  • the cylinder head at least partially surrounds the exhaust manifold, in this section, which is filled with air, an insulating layer which reduces the heat release.
  • the threaded hole for mounting the exhaust manifold is arranged on the cylinder head in the cylinder head floor and in the cylinder head roof. In this way, a stable and reliable attachment of the exhaust manifold is ensured on the cylinder head, because in a conventional cylinder head design, the cylinder head floor and the cylinder head roof are the most stable areas of the cylinder head. In an arrangement of the screw eyes with the threaded holes, for example, only on the Anschraub simulation the side wall of the cylinder head without further Anchoring the cylinder head floor or the cylinder head roof deformation of the side wall in the weight load and the heat load through the exhaust manifold would be difficult to prevent.
  • Fixing screws act, ideally supported on a large base throughout the structure of the cylinder head.
  • a portion of the channel of the exhaust manifold which extends between the sealing surface to the cylinder head and the mounting surface, is curved.
  • the channel center of the outlet channel occurs perpendicular or nearly perpendicular from the mounting surface for the exhaust manifold from the cylinder head, but then runs in an approximately rectangular arc in the exhaust manifold in a common collection channel. Since the sheet is designed for reasons of flow engineering with the largest possible radius, such an arrangement requires a large amount of installation space at the side of the cylinder head.
  • the remaining arc portion downstream of the mounting surface requires less space than a conventional channel design with equal radii of curvature of the channel, as the common Collection channel runs closer to the cylinder head.
  • a curved design of the channel portion between the sealing surface and the Anschraub materials is possible without disadvantages during installation or operation, since the direction and curvature of the channel center on the mounting surface is irrelevant, and accordingly the channel curved and with a beecheigen angle pass through the plane of the mounting surface can.
  • the sealing surface and the mounting surface of the outlet channel are aligned parallel.
  • FIG. 1 is a side view of a Zy1inderkopfes invention
  • FIG 3 shows a further cross section through a cylinder head according to the invention.
  • the cylinder head 1 of the invention is shown in a side view of the outlet side of a cylinder.
  • the four threaded holes 5a, 5b are distributed as evenly as possible over the circumference, to the sealing surface 2 a uniform loading of a not shown between the exhaust manifold and the sealing surface inserted, not shown seal achieve.
  • the mountability of the exhaust manifold and the solid as possible ⁇ bstützung or anchoring of the threaded holes 5a, 5b are considered in the cylinder head 1. In this way, the sealing surface 2 is partially encompassed by cylinder head casting material.
  • FIG. 2 shows the cylinder head 1 according to the invention from FIG. 1 in a cross section which leads through a threaded bore 5a, 5b.
  • the sealing surface 2 is parallel to the mounting surface 4a, 4b with the threaded holes 5a, 5b, upstream of the outlet channel 3 is moved.
  • the threaded bore 5a meets with its imaginary extension on the cylinder head roof 6, i. the partition wall between the oil chamber 7 and the water chamber 8 of the cylinder head 1.
  • the threaded hole 5b meets with its imaginary extension on the cylinder head floor 9. In this way, the bolt forces are of the
  • Exhaust manifold fitting over the threaded holes 5a, 5b are introduced into the cylinder head 1, ideally intercepted and without deformation of the cylinder head.
  • the sealing surface 2 is displaced as far upstream as possible from the outlet channel 3. A further shift is not possible because of not shown water, oil passages and holes for the cylinder head bolting, however, the portion of the exhaust passage, which gives off heat to the coolant in the water chamber 8, shortened compared to a conventional cylinder head. For the same reason, a displacement of the mounting surface 4a, 4b and the threaded holes 5a, 5b is not possible to deteriorate without the introduction of force into the cylinder head.
  • FIG. 3 shows the cylinder head 1 according to the invention from FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 in a cross section which is guided perpendicular to the sealing surface 2 and through the center of the outlet channel 3. Again, the recessed sealing surface 2 is clearly visible. Parallel to the sealing surface 2 are downstream of the outlet channel or outside the mounting surfaces 4a, 4b arranged, which surround the Auspuf jirümmer not shown partially. Furthermore, a drilled coolant channel 10 is shown, which serves for valve seat cooling and has a connecting bore 11 to the cylinder housing, not shown. Since the connecting bore 11 and the coolant channel 10 can not be laid arbitrarily due to the cylinder head geometry can not be a position of the mounting surfaces 4a, 4b, which is close to the sealing surface 2 or together with her not possible or advantageous.
  • Exhaust manifold from the sealing surface 2 downstream can be performed arbitrarily. That the course of a channel center of a

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a cylinder head (1) of an internal combustion engine, comprising an exhaust port (3), a cylinder head base (9), a cylinder head cover (6), a screw-on surface (4a, 4b) on the exhaust side and an exhaust manifold that is screwed thereon. According to the invention, a sealing surface (2) is located on the end of the exhaust conduit upstream of the screw-on surface, when viewed in the direction of flow.

Description

Zylinderkopf einer Brennkraftmaschine Cylinder head of an internal combustion engine
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Zylinderkopf einer Brennkraftmaschine mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruches 1.The invention relates to a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine having the features of the preamble of claim 1.
Es ist allgemeiner Stand der Technik bei Brennkraftmaschinen, dass am Zylinderkopf ein Auspuffkrümmer auf einer Flanschfläche angeschraubt wird, die gleichermaßen Auflagefläche für eine Dichtung und einen Anschraubflansch eines Auspuffkrümmers ist. Auf diese Weise wird eine einfache Bearbeitung des Zylinderkopfes erreicht, da nur eine durchgehende Fläche bearbeitet wird, bzw. die Bearbeitung auf einer Ebene stattfindet. Da die Anschraubfläche am Zylinderkopf wegen des Platzbedarfs der Schrauben zur Auspuffkrümmerbefestigung und der Zylinderkopfschrauben nicht beliebig nahe in Richtung Brennraum verschoben werden kann, ergibt sich dadurch ein langer Auslasskanal im Zylinderkopf. Ein langer Auslasskanal im Zylinderkopf gibt viel Wärme aus dem Abgas in das Kühlmittel im Zylinderkopf, die danach im Abgasturbolader bzw. an Einrichtungen zur Abgasnachbehandlung fehlt.It is generally state of the art in internal combustion engines that an exhaust manifold is screwed to the cylinder head on a flange surface, which is also bearing surface for a seal and a screw-on flange of an exhaust manifold. In this way, a simple machining of the cylinder head is achieved because only one continuous surface is processed, or the processing takes place on a plane. Since the mounting surface on the cylinder head can not be moved as close as desired in the direction of the combustion chamber because of the space required by the bolts for the exhaust manifold attachment and the cylinder head bolts, this results in a long exhaust port in the cylinder head. A long exhaust port in the cylinder head gives a lot of heat from the exhaust gas into the coolant in the cylinder head, which then lacks in the exhaust gas turbocharger or at exhaust gas aftertreatment devices.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es einen Zylinderkopf einer Brennkraftmaschine und einen daran angeschraubten Auspuffkrümmer bereitzustellen, bei denen möglichst wenig Wärme aus dem Abgas in das Kühlmittel übergeht .The object of the invention is to provide a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine and an exhaust manifold bolted thereto in which as little heat as possible passes from the exhaust gas into the coolant.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch einen Zylinderkopf und einen daran angeschraubten Auspuffkrümmer mit den Merkmalen des Anspruches 1 gelöst. Der erfindungsgemäße Zylinderkopf einer Brennkraftmaschine besteht im Wesentlichen aus einem Zylinderkopfboden, einem Zylinderkopfdach, einem Auslasskanal und einer auslassseitigen Anschraubfläche. Die Einlassseite und der Bereich der Ventilsteuerung sind für die Erfindung nicht von Bedeutung. Der Auslasskanal ist verkürzt und die Dichtfläche am Übergang zum Auspuffkrümmer ist innerhalb der Außenkontur des Zylinderkopfes, die durch die Anschraubfläche für den Auspuff rümmer auf der Auslassseite gebildet wird. Innerhalb der Außenkontur bedeutet, dass die Dichtfläche in einer Einbuchtung der Anschraubfläche im Zylinderkopf angeordnet ist. Die Einheit aus Anschraubfläche und Dichtfläche am Auslasskanal wird aufgelöst. Durch diese Anordnung der Dichtfläche stromauf der Anschraubfläche gibt der verkürzte Auslasskanal weniger Wärme an das Kühlmittel im Zylinderkopf ab, d.h. das heiße Abgas hat an einem Abgasturbolader oder einer Einrichtung zur Abgasnachbehandlung mehr innere Energie. Der Auslasskanal im Zylinderkopf ist mit der Kühlflüssigkeit der Brennkraftmaschine gekühlt, was aufgrund des hohen Wärmeübergangs an die Kühlflüssigkeit eine starke Abkühlung bewirkt. Der Auspuffkrümmer hingegen ist von Luft umgeben oder er ist sogar als luftspaltisolierter Krümmer ausgeführt, was in beiden Fällen eine geringe Wärmeabgabe aus dem Abgas ergibt. Das Ziel der Erfindung ist es den stark gekühlten Abschnitt der gesamten Abgasführung möglichst kurz zu gestalten und den restlichen Teil der konstruktiv notwendigen Länge der Abgasführung mit einer guten Isolierung, d.h. zum Beispiel Luft, zu versehen. Dies wird dadurch erreicht, dass der Übergang vom stark gekühlten, d.h. flüssigkeitsgekühlten, Abschnitt zum weniger stark gekühlten bzw. isolierten Abschnitt möglichst nahe an das Auslassventil, jedoch mindestens stromauf der Anschraubfläche des Auspuffkrümmers legt. Der Übergang vom stark gekühlten, d.h. flüssigkeitsgekühlten, Abschnitt zum weniger stark gekühlten bzw. isolierten Abschnitt ist als Dichtfläche am Zylinderkopf mit stromab folgender Dichtung und anschließendem Dichtflansch des Auspuf krümmers ausgebildet . Die Anschraubfläche des Auspuffkrümmers kann aus geometrischen Gründen im Allgemeinen nicht verschoben werden, da der Anschraubflansch des Äuspuffkrümmers mit den Augen für die Be estigungsschrauben aus Stabilitätsgründen eine gewisse Baugröße erfordert und da die Lage der Befestigungsschrauben aus Platz- und Stabilitätsgründen im Zylinderkopf nicht beliebig verschoben werden kann. Die Befestigungsschrauben dürfen zum Beispiel keine Gas- oder Kühlmittelkanäle schneiden und sind mit genügend Abstand zu Zylinderkopfschrauben anzuordnen.This object is achieved by a cylinder head and an exhaust manifold bolted thereto with the features of claim 1. The cylinder head of an internal combustion engine according to the invention consists essentially of a cylinder head floor, a cylinder head roof, an outlet channel and an outlet side mounting surface. The inlet side and the valve control area are not important to the invention. The exhaust passage is shortened and the sealing surface at the transition to the exhaust manifold is within the outer contour of the cylinder head, which is formed by the mounting surface for the exhaust manifold on the exhaust side. Within the outer contour means that the sealing surface is arranged in a recess of the mounting surface in the cylinder head. The unit of attachment surface and sealing surface on the outlet channel is dissolved. As a result of this arrangement of the sealing surface upstream of the mounting surface, the shortened outlet channel emits less heat to the coolant in the cylinder head, ie the hot exhaust gas has more internal energy at an exhaust-gas turbocharger or an exhaust-gas aftertreatment device. The exhaust passage in the cylinder head is cooled with the cooling liquid of the internal combustion engine, which causes a strong cooling due to the high heat transfer to the cooling liquid. The exhaust manifold, however, is surrounded by air or it is even designed as an air gap-insulated manifold, resulting in both cases, a low heat emission from the exhaust. The aim of the invention is to make the strongly cooled section of the entire exhaust system as short as possible and to provide the remaining part of the structurally necessary length of the exhaust system with a good insulation, ie, for example, air. This is achieved in that the transition from the strongly cooled, ie liquid-cooled, section to the less cooled or insulated section as close as possible to the exhaust valve, but at least upstream of the mounting surface of the exhaust manifold. The transition from the highly cooled, ie liquid-cooled, section to the less strongly cooled or insulated section is formed as a sealing surface on the cylinder head with the following seal and subsequent sealing flange of the exhaust manifold. The mounting surface of the exhaust manifold can be made of geometric Reasons are generally not be postponed, since the Anschraubflansch the Äuspuffkrümmers with the eyes for Be fastening screws for stability reasons requires a certain size and because the location of the mounting screws for space and stability reasons in the cylinder head can not be moved arbitrarily. For example, the fastening screws must not cut gas or coolant channels and should be positioned at a sufficient distance from the cylinder head bolts.
In einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist der Auspuffkrümmer wenigstens teilweise vom Zylinderkopf umgriffen, d.h. zwischen Auspuffkrümmer und Zylinderkopf ist über einen Teil oder den gesamten Umfang des Auspuffkrümmers zumindest im Bereich unmittelbar nach der Dichtfläche ein enger Spalt, der durch den Auspuffkrümmer und den Zylinderkopf gebildet wird. Dadurch dass der Zylinderkopf den Auspuffkrümmer zumindest teilweise umgreift, ist in diesem Abschnitt, der mit Luft angefüllt ist, eine isolierende Schicht, die die Wärmeabgabe verringert. Je weiter der Bereich des Umgreifens ist, umso besser ist der Auspuffkrümmer gegen ungewollte Wärmeabgabe isoliert, weil nicht nur die absolute wärmeabgebende Fläche maßgebend ist, sondern auch bei einem großen Abschnitt, der von Zylinderkopfmaterial umgeben ist, die Möglichkeit einer die Wärmeabgabe beschleunigenden Luftbewegung im isolierenden Abschnitt sinkt.In one embodiment of the invention, the exhaust manifold is at least partially encompassed by the cylinder head, i. between the exhaust manifold and the cylinder head is over a part or the entire circumference of the exhaust manifold, at least in the area immediately after the sealing surface, a narrow gap formed by the exhaust manifold and the cylinder head. Characterized in that the cylinder head at least partially surrounds the exhaust manifold, in this section, which is filled with air, an insulating layer which reduces the heat release. The farther the gripping area is, the better the exhaust manifold is insulated against unwanted heat dissipation, because not only the absolute heat emanating surface is decisive, but also with a large portion surrounded by cylinder head material, the possibility of air movement accelerating heat dissipation in the insulating Section sinks.
In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist die Gewindebohrung zur Befestigung des Auspuffkrümmers am Zylinderkopf im Zylinderkopfboden und im Zylinderkopfdach angeordnet. Auf diese Weise ist eine stabile und betriebssichere Befestigung des Auspuffkrümmers am Zylinderkopf gewährleistet, weil bei einer üblichen Zylinderkopfausführung der Zylinderkopfboden und das Zylinderkopfdach die stabilsten Bereiche des Zylinderköpfes sind. Bei einer Anordnung der Schraubenaugen mit den Gewindebohrungen zum Beispiel nur an der Anschraubfläche der Seitenwand des Zylinderkopfes ohne weitere Verankerung am Zylinderkopfboden oder am Zylinderkopfdach wäre eine Verformung der Seitenwand bei der Gewichtsbelastung und der Wärmebelastung durch den Auspuffkrümmer nur schlecht zu verhindern. Bei einer Verankerung der Gewindebohrung zur Befestigung des Auspuffkrümmers am Zylinderkopf im Zylinderkopfboden und im Zylinderkopfdach werden die Kräfte, die durch das Gewicht des Auspuffkrümmers und gegebenenfalls daran befestigten Abgasturboladers und durch die Wärmeausdehnung des Auspuffkrümmers auf dieIn a further embodiment of the invention, the threaded hole for mounting the exhaust manifold is arranged on the cylinder head in the cylinder head floor and in the cylinder head roof. In this way, a stable and reliable attachment of the exhaust manifold is ensured on the cylinder head, because in a conventional cylinder head design, the cylinder head floor and the cylinder head roof are the most stable areas of the cylinder head. In an arrangement of the screw eyes with the threaded holes, for example, only on the Anschraubfläche the side wall of the cylinder head without further Anchoring the cylinder head floor or the cylinder head roof deformation of the side wall in the weight load and the heat load through the exhaust manifold would be difficult to prevent. At an anchorage of the threaded hole for mounting the exhaust manifold on the cylinder head in the cylinder head floor and in the cylinder head roof, the forces caused by the weight of the exhaust manifold and possibly attached exhaust gas turbocharger and by the thermal expansion of the exhaust manifold on the
Befestigungsschrauben wirken, ideal auf einer großen Basis in der gesamten Struktur des Zylinderköpfes abgestützt bzw. aufgefangen.Fixing screws act, ideally supported on a large base throughout the structure of the cylinder head.
In einer weiteren förderlichen Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist ein Abschnitt des Kanals des Auspuffkrümmers, der zwischen der Dichtfläche zum Zylinderkopf und der Anschraubfläche verläuft, gekrümmt ausgeführt. Üblicherweise tritt die Kanalmitte des Auslasskanals senkrecht oder nahezu senkrecht aus der Anschraubfläche für den Auspuffkrümmer aus dem Zylinderkopf, verläuft jedoch anschließend in einem ungefähr rechtwinkeligen Bogen im Auspuffkrümmer in einen gemeinsamen Sammelkanal . Da der Bogen aus strδmungstechnischen Gründen mit einem möglichst großen Radius ausgeführt wird, benötigt eine derartige Anordnung seitlich des Zylinderkopfes viel Bauraum. Wenn ein Teilabschnitt des rechtwinkeligen Bogens im Auslasskrümmer schon in den Abschnitt vor der Anschraubfläche verlegt ist, nämlich zwischen der Dichtfläche und der Anschraubfläche, benötigt der restliche Bogenabschnitt stromab der Anschraubfläche weniger Bauraum als eine herkömmliche Kanalausführung bei gleichen Radien der Krümmung des Kanals, da der gemeinsame Sammelkanal näher am Zylinderkopf verläuft. Eine gekrümmte Ausführung des Kanalabschnittes zwischen der Dichtfläche und der Anschraubfläche ist ohne Nachteile bei der Montage oder im Betrieb möglich, da die Richtung und Krümmung der Kanalmitte an der Anschraubfläche unerheblich ist, und dementsprechend der Kanal gekrümmt und mit einem beliebeigen Winkel die Ebene der Anschraubfläche durchtreten kann. In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind die Dichtfläche und die Anschraubfläche des Auslasskanals parallel ausgerichtet. Bei einer parallelen Ausrichtung der beiden Flächen zueinander entstehen durch die Schraubenkräfte bei der Montage und in montiertem Zustand keine Kräfte, die in der Ebene der Dichtfläche liegen und die Dichtfläche des Auspuffkrümmers gegenüber der Dichtfläche des Zylinderkopfes verschieben könnten. Auf diese Weise ist eine betriebsichere Verschraubung auch bei hohen mechanischen und thermischen Belastungen möglich.In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, a portion of the channel of the exhaust manifold, which extends between the sealing surface to the cylinder head and the mounting surface, is curved. Typically, the channel center of the outlet channel occurs perpendicular or nearly perpendicular from the mounting surface for the exhaust manifold from the cylinder head, but then runs in an approximately rectangular arc in the exhaust manifold in a common collection channel. Since the sheet is designed for reasons of flow engineering with the largest possible radius, such an arrangement requires a large amount of installation space at the side of the cylinder head. If a portion of the rectangular arc in the exhaust manifold is already laid in the section in front of the mounting surface, namely between the sealing surface and the Anschraubfläche, the remaining arc portion downstream of the mounting surface requires less space than a conventional channel design with equal radii of curvature of the channel, as the common Collection channel runs closer to the cylinder head. A curved design of the channel portion between the sealing surface and the Anschraubfläche is possible without disadvantages during installation or operation, since the direction and curvature of the channel center on the mounting surface is irrelevant, and accordingly the channel curved and with a beliebeigen angle pass through the plane of the mounting surface can. In a further embodiment of the invention, the sealing surface and the mounting surface of the outlet channel are aligned parallel. In a parallel alignment of the two surfaces to each other caused by the bolt forces during assembly and in the assembled state no forces that lie in the plane of the sealing surface and could move the sealing surface of the exhaust manifold relative to the sealing surface of the cylinder head. In this way, a reliable screw connection is possible even at high mechanical and thermal loads.
Weitere Merkmale und Merkmalskombinationen ergeben sich aus der Beschreibung sowie den Zeichnungen. Konkrete Ausführungs- beispiele der Erfindung sind in den Zeichnungen vereinfacht dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:Further features and combinations of features result from the description and the drawings. Concrete embodiments of the invention are shown in simplified form in the drawings and explained in more detail in the following description. Show it:
Fig. 1 eine Seitenansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Zy1inderkopfes,1 is a side view of a Zy1inderkopfes invention,
Fig. 2 einen Querschnitt durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Zylinderkopf und2 shows a cross section through a cylinder head according to the invention and
Fig. 3 einen weiteren Querschnitt durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Zylinderköpf .3 shows a further cross section through a cylinder head according to the invention.
In Fig. 1 ist der erfindungsgemäße Zylinderkopf 1 in einer Seitenansicht auf die Auslassseite eines Zylinders gezeigt. In dieser Ansicht ist die Dichtfläche 2 des Auslasskanals 3 und die Anschraubfläche 4a, 4b mit vier Gewindebohrungen 5a, 5b zur Befestigung eines nicht gezeigten Auspuffkrümmers . Die vier Gewindebohrungen 5a, 5b sind möglichst gleichmäßig über den Umfang verteilt, um an der Dichtfläche 2 eine gleichmäßige Belastung einer zwischen dem nichtgezeigten Auspuffkrümmer und der Dichtfläche eingelegten, nicht gezeigten Dichtung zu erzielen. Des weiteren sind bei der Lage der Gewindebohrungen die Montierbarkeit des Auspuffkrümmers und die möglichst solide Äbstützung bzw. Verankerung der Gewindebohrungen 5a, 5b im Zylinderkopf 1 berücksichtigt. Auf diese Weise ist die Dichtfläche 2 teilweise von Zylinderkopfgussmaterial umgriffen.In Fig. 1, the cylinder head 1 of the invention is shown in a side view of the outlet side of a cylinder. In this view, the sealing surface 2 of the outlet channel 3 and the mounting surface 4a, 4b with four threaded holes 5a, 5b for attachment of an exhaust manifold, not shown. The four threaded holes 5a, 5b are distributed as evenly as possible over the circumference, to the sealing surface 2 a uniform loading of a not shown between the exhaust manifold and the sealing surface inserted, not shown seal achieve. Furthermore, in the position of the threaded holes, the mountability of the exhaust manifold and the solid as possible Äbstützung or anchoring of the threaded holes 5a, 5b are considered in the cylinder head 1. In this way, the sealing surface 2 is partially encompassed by cylinder head casting material.
In Fig. 2 ist der erfindungsgemäße Zylinderkopf 1 aus Fig. 1 in einem Querschnitt, der durch eine Gewindebohrung 5a, 5b führt, gezeigt. Die Dichtfläche 2 ist gegenüber der Anschraubfläche 4a, 4b mit den Gewindebohrungen 5a, 5b parallel, stromauf des Auslasskanals 3 verschoben. Die Gewindebohrung 5a trifft mit ihrer gedachten Verlängerung auf das Zylinderkopfdach 6, d.h. die Trennwand zwischen dem Ölraum 7 und dem Wasserraum 8 des Zylinderköpfes 1. Die Gewindebohrung 5b trifft mit ihrer gedachten Verlängerung auf den Zylinderkopfboden 9. Auf diese Weise sind die Schraubenkräfte, die von derFIG. 2 shows the cylinder head 1 according to the invention from FIG. 1 in a cross section which leads through a threaded bore 5a, 5b. The sealing surface 2 is parallel to the mounting surface 4a, 4b with the threaded holes 5a, 5b, upstream of the outlet channel 3 is moved. The threaded bore 5a meets with its imaginary extension on the cylinder head roof 6, i. the partition wall between the oil chamber 7 and the water chamber 8 of the cylinder head 1. The threaded hole 5b meets with its imaginary extension on the cylinder head floor 9. In this way, the bolt forces are of the
Auspuffkrümmerverschraubung über die Gewindebohrungen 5a, 5b in den Zylinderkopf 1 eingebracht werden, ideal und ohne Verformung des Zylinderkopfes abgefangen.Exhaust manifold fitting over the threaded holes 5a, 5b are introduced into the cylinder head 1, ideally intercepted and without deformation of the cylinder head.
Die Dichtfläche 2 ist so weit wie möglich stromauf des Auslasskanals 3 verschoben. Eine weitere Verschiebung ist wegen nichtgezeigter Wasser-, Ölkanäle und Bohrungen für die Zylinderkopfverschraubung nicht möglich, jedoch ist der Abschnitt des Auslasskanals, der Wärme an das Kühlmittel im Wasserraum 8 abgibt, verkürzt gegenüber einem herkömmlichen Zylinderkopf. Aus dem gleichen Grunde ist eine Verschiebung der Anschraubfläche 4a, 4b und der Gewindebohrungen 5a, 5b nicht möglich, ohne die Krafteinleitung in den Zylinderkopf zu verschlechtern.The sealing surface 2 is displaced as far upstream as possible from the outlet channel 3. A further shift is not possible because of not shown water, oil passages and holes for the cylinder head bolting, however, the portion of the exhaust passage, which gives off heat to the coolant in the water chamber 8, shortened compared to a conventional cylinder head. For the same reason, a displacement of the mounting surface 4a, 4b and the threaded holes 5a, 5b is not possible to deteriorate without the introduction of force into the cylinder head.
In Fig. 3 ist der erfindungsgemäße Zylinderkopf 1 aus Fig. 1 und Fig. 2 in einem Querschnitt gezeigt, der senkrecht zur Dichtfläche 2 und durch die Mitte des Auslasskanals 3 geführt ist. Auch hier ist deutlich die zurückgesetzte Dichtfläche 2 zu sehen. Parallel zur Dichtfläche 2 sind stromab entlang des Auslasskanals bzw. außerhalb die Anschraubflächen 4a, 4b angeordnet, die den nicht gezeigten Auspuf jirümmer teilweise umgreifen. Weiterhin ist ein gebohrter Kühlmittelkanal 10 gezeigt, der zur Ventilsitzkühlung dient und eine Verbindungsbohrung 11 zum nicht gezeigten Zylindergehäuse aufweist. Da die Verbindungsbohrung 11 und der Kühlmittelkanal 10 aufgrund der Zylinderkopfgeometrie nicht beliebig verlegt werden können eine Lage der Anschraubflächen 4a, 4b, die nahe an der Dichtfläche 2 liegt oder mit ihr zusammenf llt nicht möglich bzw. vorteilhaft.FIG. 3 shows the cylinder head 1 according to the invention from FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 in a cross section which is guided perpendicular to the sealing surface 2 and through the center of the outlet channel 3. Again, the recessed sealing surface 2 is clearly visible. Parallel to the sealing surface 2 are downstream of the outlet channel or outside the mounting surfaces 4a, 4b arranged, which surround the Auspuf jirümmer not shown partially. Furthermore, a drilled coolant channel 10 is shown, which serves for valve seat cooling and has a connecting bore 11 to the cylinder housing, not shown. Since the connecting bore 11 and the coolant channel 10 can not be laid arbitrarily due to the cylinder head geometry can not be a position of the mounting surfaces 4a, 4b, which is close to the sealing surface 2 or together with her not possible or advantageous.
Sowohl in Fig. 2 als auch in Fig. 3 ist zu erkennen, dass derBoth in Fig. 2 and in Fig. 3 it can be seen that the
Verlauf einer Kanalmitte in einem nicht gezeigtenCourse of a channel center in a not shown
Auspuffkrümmer ab der Dichtfläche 2 stromab beliebig geführt werden kann. D.h. der Verlauf einer Kanalmitte einesExhaust manifold from the sealing surface 2 downstream can be performed arbitrarily. That the course of a channel center of a
Auspuffkrümmers kann auf große Krümmungsradien, geringerExhaust manifold can turn to large radii of curvature, lower
Bauraum, Fertigungs- und Montagemöglichkeiten oder ähnlicheSpace, manufacturing and assembly options or similar
Kriterien hin optimiert werden. Criteria are optimized.

Claims

Patentansprüche Claims
1. Zylinderkopf (1) einer Brennkraftmaschine mit einem Auslasskanal (3) , einem Zylinderkopfboden (9) , einem Zylinderkopfdach (6) , einer auslassseitigen Anschraubfläche (4a, 4b) und einem daran angeschraubten Auspuffkrümmer, d a d u r c h g e k e nn z e i c h n e t , dass eine Dichtfläche (2) am Ende des Auslasskanals in Strömungsrichtung gesehen vor der Anschraubfläche angeordnet ist .1.Cylinder head (1) of an internal combustion engine with an exhaust port (3), a cylinder head base (9), a cylinder head roof (6), an exhaust-side screw-on surface (4a, 4b) and an exhaust manifold screwed to it, characterized in that a sealing surface (2 ) is arranged at the end of the outlet channel in the flow direction in front of the screw surface.
2. Zylinderkopf (1) nach Anspruch 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass der Auspuffkrümmer vom Zylinderkopf wenigstens teilweise umgriffen ist.2. Cylinder head (1) according to claim 1, that the exhaust manifold is at least partially encompassed by the cylinder head.
3. Zylinderkopf (1) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass Gewindebohrungen (5) zur Befestigung des Auspuffkrümmers im Zylinderkopfboden (9) und im Zylinderkopfdach (6) angeordnet sind.3. Cylinder head (1) according to claim 1 or 2, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that threaded bores (5) for fastening the exhaust manifold in the cylinder head base (9) and in the cylinder head roof (6) are arranged.
4. Zylinderkopf (1) nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass ein Kanalabschnitt des Auspuf krümmers, zwischen Dichtfläche (2) und Anschraubfläche (4a, 4b) gekrümmt ausgeführt ist.4. Cylinder head (1) according to claim 1, 2 or 3, so that a channel section of the exhaust manifold, between the sealing surface (2) and the screw-on surface (4a, 4b) is curved.
5. Zylinderkopf (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass die Anseh aubflache (4a, b) und die Dichtfläche (2) des Äuslasskanals parallel ausgerichtet sind. 5. Cylinder head (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the view surface (4a, b) and the sealing surface (2) of the outlet duct are aligned in parallel.
EP03732508A 2002-07-11 2003-05-30 Cylinder head of an internal combustion engine Expired - Fee Related EP1521909B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10231378A DE10231378A1 (en) 2002-07-11 2002-07-11 Cylinder head of an internal combustion engine
DE10231378 2002-07-11
PCT/EP2003/005685 WO2004007935A1 (en) 2002-07-11 2003-05-30 Cylinder head of an internal combustion engine

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EP1521909A1 true EP1521909A1 (en) 2005-04-13
EP1521909B1 EP1521909B1 (en) 2006-03-01

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EP (1) EP1521909B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2005537415A (en)
KR (1) KR20050021444A (en)
CN (1) CN1668836A (en)
DE (2) DE10231378A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2004007935A1 (en)

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DE102013217526A1 (en) 2013-09-03 2015-03-05 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Sealing device with an extension for guiding an exhaust gas flow of an internal combustion engine
JP6435693B2 (en) * 2014-08-01 2018-12-12 スズキ株式会社 Cylinder head of internal combustion engine
CN105332810A (en) * 2015-12-04 2016-02-17 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 Manufacturing method of guide tube inner holes of cylinder head and cylinder head
DE112017004072T5 (en) * 2016-09-20 2019-04-25 Cummins Inc. SYSTEMS AND METHOD FOR AVOIDING STRUCTURAL FAILURE DUE TO LONG-RUNNING HEAT, USING A CYLINDER HEAD COIL ASSEMBLY

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DE50302534D1 (en) 2006-04-27
US20050150477A1 (en) 2005-07-14
JP2005537415A (en) 2005-12-08
CN1668836A (en) 2005-09-14
WO2004007935A1 (en) 2004-01-22
KR20050021444A (en) 2005-03-07
DE10231378A1 (en) 2004-01-22
EP1521909B1 (en) 2006-03-01

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