EP1515303B1 - Ultrasound transducer assembly including a mass ring for the damping of interfering resonances - Google Patents
Ultrasound transducer assembly including a mass ring for the damping of interfering resonances Download PDFInfo
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- EP1515303B1 EP1515303B1 EP04017189A EP04017189A EP1515303B1 EP 1515303 B1 EP1515303 B1 EP 1515303B1 EP 04017189 A EP04017189 A EP 04017189A EP 04017189 A EP04017189 A EP 04017189A EP 1515303 B1 EP1515303 B1 EP 1515303B1
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- housing
- ultrasound transducer
- ring
- diaphragm
- membrane
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- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 title description 9
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 title 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003094 perturbing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012858 resilient material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 108010076504 Protein Sorting Signals Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/002—Devices for damping, suppressing, obstructing or conducting sound in acoustic devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K9/00—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers
- G10K9/12—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers electrically operated
- G10K9/122—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers electrically operated using piezoelectric driving means
Definitions
- the invention relates to an ultrasonic transducer according to the preamble of claim 1.
- an ultrasonic transducer which is used for the generation and detection of ultrasonic signals and which allows a reciprocal conversion of electrical vibrations into acoustic vibrations.
- These ultrasonic transducers are used for example in gas flow meters.
- ultrasonic transducers In each case arranged in pairs ultrasonic transducers define a measuring path, which lies in a non-perpendicular angle to the longitudinal axis.
- the measurement principle consists in a determination of a transit time difference of two ultrasonic signals, which once have a component in the flow direction and once a component against the flow direction. From the measured transit time difference can be calculated taking into account the geometry of the flow velocity.
- the ultrasonic transducer generating and measuring ultrasonic transducers 16 and 18 are inserted by means of special attached to the conduit 12 adapter flanges 24 and 26, so-called converter pockets, in the tube 12 and the pipe wall.
- the adapter flanges are either welded or integral with the meter body when manufactured using casting technology. Since the ultrasonic transducers 16 and 18 are installed at a certain angle (usually 45 °), there always arises a cavity 28 which constitutes a flow disturbance. This perturbation exists regardless of how deep the ultrasound transducer is inserted, centered, withdrawn, or submerged. Among other things, the larger the sensor diameter and the larger the size of the sensor pocket in relation to the diameter of the measuring cell. The forming vortices are not to be calculated completely analytically and are dependent on upstream of the flow meter possibly existing Voroneen the flow and the flow velocity (Reynolds number). The resulting errors are determined in practice by calibration and stored in the form of a mostly non-linear correction function. Since only a specific Reynolds number range and a specific installation situation can be covered during the calibration, a residual error arises when these conditions are varied, which always occur in practice.
- the ultrasonic transducers are used in multi-path arrangements to detect imbalances in the flow.
- the achievable path number is determined by the available installation space, limited by the converter size. In order to increase the accuracy of the flow measurement, it is therefore advantageous to keep in particular the transducer dimensions as small as possible.
- the previously realized converter dimensions thus limit the achievable accuracy due to excessively disturbed flow or do not allow multi-path arrangement of sensors because of the limited mounting space.
- the size of the sensors also causes not inconsiderable the overall design for a complete meter and brings additional problems, for example, in the compressive strength, the cost of materials, the weight and has an impact on the total manufacturing costs. The handling during production, transport, installation, maintenance, repair is difficult.
- an ultrasonic transducer which comprises a piezoelectric element which is pressed by a spring against a membrane emitting the ultrasound.
- the membrane On the edge, the membrane has an integral with the membrane, reinforced, i. a higher mass having edge, which is thus formed like a ring and serves to dampen disturbing frequencies due to its mass.
- the edge is kept as short as possible in its longitudinal extent and is arranged at the height of the piezoelectric element.
- JP 61 094496 and GB-A 1 086 640 ultrasonic transducers which operate on the principle of bending oscillator.
- the piezoelectric crystal producing the ultrasound is glued directly to the membrane emitting the sound.
- the ultrasound is generated by the fact that the piezoelectric crystal expands due to the applied voltage, but not the membrane. Since the piezoelectric crystal and the membrane are glued together, this ultimately leads to a bending of the membrane.
- the diameter of the transducer after the longitudinal oscillator type very small relative to the working frequency. That at the same operating frequency, the converter is smaller than previously known converter, but still sufficient stiffening and damping of the oscillating system is given, so that side resonances are prevented. This is due to the edge inside arrangement of the membrane but separate, so separate mass ring conditional essential effect found by the inventors, which is still reinforced by the arranged adjacent to the grounding damping element, which causes a further reduction of parasitic side resonances.
- the mass ring is screwed to the membrane, so that the mass ring and the membrane in a defined position to each other and are firmly connected. The same applies to the connection of the mass ring with the housing.
- the ultrasonic transducers are used in flow meters for aggressive and dangerous as well as under high pressure and temperature related media, so that advantageously the diaphragm and the housing at the height of the Masseringes are welded together. This gives an absolute tightness of the transducer.
- the damping element consists of an elastic material, preferably a rubber-like material.
- the separate mass ring may also be formed integrally with the housing.
- the term "separate" is intended merely to indicate that the mass ring is provided separately from the membrane, because that is an essential feature of the invention that causes the advantageous damping significantly.
- FIG. 2 shows a measuring arrangement 10, which illustrates the measuring principle, for example of an ultrasonic gas flow meter.
- a gas flows in the flow direction 14.
- ultrasonic transducers 16 and 18 are arranged, which define a measuring path.
- the ultrasonic transducers 16, 18 are suitable for converting electrical signals into ultrasound and vice versa, for transmitting and receiving ultrasound.
- the measuring path 20 is arranged at an angle not equal to 90 ° to a longitudinal axis 22 of the pipeline 12, so that the ultrasonic signals sent in the opposite direction along the measuring path 20 have a transit time difference due to the gas flow 14. From the transit time difference and the corresponding geometry, the flow velocity and thus the volumetric flow of the gas can be determined.
- the ultrasonic transducer 16 (FIG. 1) has an ultrasound-generating element 30, which may consist of two piezoceramics 32, 34, which are connected to an electrical line 36.
- the electrical line 36 is guided electrically insulating.
- the piezoelectric element 30 is clamped between two cylindrical clamping sections 40 and 42.
- the two clamping portions 40 and 42 are connected to each other via a clamping member 44, so that the piezoelectric Element 30 is held clamped between the clamping sections.
- the free end face 46 of the clamping section 42 serves as a transmitting and / or receiving surface, via which the ultrasonic signals are emitted or received.
- the end face 46 is designed as a bending plate 48 and is referred to below as the membrane 48.
- the diaphragm 48 oscillates in accordance with the ultrasonic vibrations generated by the piezoelectric element 30 and transmitted via the rigid tensioning section 42 and thus radiates the ultrasonic signals.
- the signal sequence is reversed and the membrane 48 receives the ultrasonic vibrations, which are passed via the clamping portion 42 to the piezoelectric element 30, which converts the vibrations into electrical signals.
- the membrane 48 has an angled edge 50, to which a housing 52 which surrounds the aforementioned signal-conducting and signal-processing components.
- the housing 52 is formed substantially cylindrical.
- the edge 50 of the membrane 48 is connected to a ground ring 54, preferably screwed.
- the mass ring is only peripherally connected to the membrane 48, ie only in the region of the edge 50, so that the membrane 48 has the largest possible area for swinging.
- the internally disposed mass ring 54 is spaced from the membrane 48 by a gap L.
- the screwed into the edge 50 mass ring 54 is beyond the edge 50, so that the ground ring 54 is also connected to the housing 52, in particular screwed. Since the housing in a suitable and not shown manner, for example via a remote from the diaphragm 48 end 58 arranged flange in the flow meter can be fixed, the signal-conducting and signal processing components are held on the ground ring 54.
- the housing 52 is welded to the edge 50.
- the housing 52 on the inside a damping element 64, which may consist of an elastic material, such as rubber.
- the damping element is annular, so that it can come to lie on the inside of the housing 52 and is advantageously arranged adjacent the mass ring 54.
- the ground ring 54 may also be integrally formed with the housing 52.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
- Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Ultraschallwandler gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to an ultrasonic transducer according to the preamble of claim 1.
Aus der DE 100 40 344 A1 ist ein Ultraschallwandler bekannt, der zur Erzeugung und Detektion von Ultraschallsignalen eingesetzt wird und der eine wechselseitige Umwandlung von elektrischen Schwingungen in akustische Schwingungen erlaubt. Diese Ultraschallwandler werden beispielsweise in Gasdurchflusszählern eingesetzt. Jeweils paarweise angeordnete Ultraschallwandler definieren einen Messpfad, der in einem nicht senkrechten Winkel zur Längsachse liegt. Das Messprinzip besteht in einer Bestimmung einer Laufzeitdifferenz zweier Ultraschallsignale, die einmal eine Komponente in Strömungsrichtung und einmal eine Komponente entgegen der Strömungsrichtung aufweisen. Aus der gemessenen Laufzeitdifferenz lässt sich unter Berücksichtigung der Geometrie die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit berechnen.From DE 100 40 344 A1 an ultrasonic transducer is known, which is used for the generation and detection of ultrasonic signals and which allows a reciprocal conversion of electrical vibrations into acoustic vibrations. These ultrasonic transducers are used for example in gas flow meters. In each case arranged in pairs ultrasonic transducers define a measuring path, which lies in a non-perpendicular angle to the longitudinal axis. The measurement principle consists in a determination of a transit time difference of two ultrasonic signals, which once have a component in the flow direction and once a component against the flow direction. From the measured transit time difference can be calculated taking into account the geometry of the flow velocity.
Den prinzipiellen Aufbau eines solchen Durchflussmessers zeigt Fig. 2. Die die Ultraschallsignale erzeugenden und messenden Ultraschallwandler 16 und 18 sind mittels spezieller an das Leitungsrohr 12 angebrachter Adapterflansche 24 und 26, sogenannter Wandlertaschen, in das Rohr 12 bzw. die Rohrwandung eingesteckt.The ultrasonic transducer generating and measuring
Die Adapterflansche werden entweder eingeschweißt oder sind integraler Bestandteil des Zählerkörpers, wenn dieser in Gusstechnologie gefertigt wird. Da die Ultraschallwandler 16 und 18 unter einem bestimmten Winkel (üblicherweise 45°) eingebaut werden, entsteht immer eine Kavität 28, die eine Strömungsstörung darstellt. Diese Störung existiert unabhängig davon, wie tief der Ultraschallwandler, mittig, zurückgezogen oder eintauchend, eingesteckt ist. Die Störungen sind unter anderem um so größer je größer der Sensordurchmesser und damit verbunden die Größe der Sensortasche im Verhältnis zum Durchmesser der Messzelle ist. Die sich ausbildenden Wirbel sind nicht vollständig analytisch zu berechnen und sind von stromaufwärts des Durchflussmessers evtl. vorhandenen Vorstörungen der Strömung und der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit (Reynoldszahl) abhängig. Die dadurch entstehenden Fehler werden in der Praxis durch Kalibrierung ermittelt und in Form einer zumeist nichtlinearen Korrekturfunktion hinterlegt. Da bei der Kalibrierung immer nur ein bestimmter Reynoldszahlbereich und eine konkrete Einbausituation abgedeckt werden können, entsteht ein Restfehler bei Variation dieser Bedingungen, die in der Praxis immer vorkommen.The adapter flanges are either welded or integral with the meter body when manufactured using casting technology. Since the
Weiter werden in der Praxis die Ultraschallwandler in Mehrpfadanordnungen verwendet, um Unsymmetrien in der Strömung zu erfassen. Die realisierbare Pfadanzahl wird durch den verfügbaren Anbauraum, begrenzt durch die Wandlergröße, bestimmt. Um die Genauigkeit der Strömungsmessung zu erhöhen ist es daher von Vorteil, insbesondere die Wandlerabmessungen so klein wie möglich zu halten.Further, in practice, the ultrasonic transducers are used in multi-path arrangements to detect imbalances in the flow. The achievable path number is determined by the available installation space, limited by the converter size. In order to increase the accuracy of the flow measurement, it is therefore advantageous to keep in particular the transducer dimensions as small as possible.
Weiter ist durch die entstehende Kavität eine Gefahr der Ansammlung von Ablagerungen gegeben, welche die Messgenauigkeit beeinflussen können, wobei die Ablagerungen größer sind je größer die Kavität ist.Furthermore, due to the resulting cavity, there is a risk of accumulation of deposits which can influence the measurement accuracy, the deposits being larger the larger the cavity is.
Zwar ist es demnach wünschenswert möglichst kleine Wandler einzusetzen, jedoch stehen einer zunehmenden Miniaturisierung funktionelle, z. B. das Übertragungsverhalten und technologische Grenzen, z. B. die Machbarkeit und Effizienz der Fertigung, gegenüber. Vorzugsweise sind bei Ultraschallwandlern für Anwendungen in Gasen wegen der relativ niedrigen Arbeitsfrequenzen vergleichsweise große Sensoren im Verhältnis zur Gaszählergröße üblich.Although it is therefore desirable to use the smallest possible converter, but are increasingly miniaturization functional, z. B. the transmission behavior and technological limits, eg. As the feasibility and efficiency of manufacturing, compared. Preferably, in ultrasonic transducers for applications in gases because of the relatively low operating frequencies comparatively large sensors in relation to the gas meter size usual.
Die bisher realisierten Wandlerabmessungen begrenzen somit die erreichbare Genauigkeit durch zu stark gestörte Strömung bzw. lassen keine Mehrpfadanordnung von Sensoren wegen des beschränkten Anbauraumes zu. Die Größe der Sensoren bedingt auch nicht unerheblich die Gesamtkonstruktion für einen kompletten Zähler und bringt zusätzliche Probleme beispielsweise bei der Druckfestigkeit, dem Materialaufwand, dem Gewicht und hat Auswirkungen auf die gesamten Herstellkosten. Auch die Handhabung bei Fertigung, Transport, Einbau, Wartung, Reparatur wird erschwert.The previously realized converter dimensions thus limit the achievable accuracy due to excessively disturbed flow or do not allow multi-path arrangement of sensors because of the limited mounting space. The size of the sensors also causes not inconsiderable the overall design for a complete meter and brings additional problems, for example, in the compressive strength, the cost of materials, the weight and has an impact on the total manufacturing costs. The handling during production, transport, installation, maintenance, repair is difficult.
Aus der US 4,162,111 ist ein Ultraschallwandler bekannt, der ein piezoelektrisches Element aufweist, das über eine Feder an eine den Ultraschall abstrahlende Membran angepresst ist. Randseitig weist die Membran einen mit der Membran einstückig ausgebildeten, verstärkten, d.h. eine höhere Masse aufweisenden Rand auf, der somit ringartig ausgebildet ist und dazu dient, aufgrund seiner Masse störende Frequenzen zu dämpfen. Der Rand ist in seiner Längsausdehnung möglichst kurz gehalten und ist auf der Höhe des piezoelektrischen Elementes angeordnet.From US 4,162,111 an ultrasonic transducer is known which comprises a piezoelectric element which is pressed by a spring against a membrane emitting the ultrasound. On the edge, the membrane has an integral with the membrane, reinforced, i. a higher mass having edge, which is thus formed like a ring and serves to dampen disturbing frequencies due to its mass. The edge is kept as short as possible in its longitudinal extent and is arranged at the height of the piezoelectric element.
Aus der JP 01 041885, der JP 61 094496 und der GB-A 1 086 640 sind Ultraschallwandler bekannt, die nach dem Prinzip des Biegeschwingers arbeiten. In diesen Wandlern ist der den Ultraschall erzeugende Piezokristall auf die den Schall abstrahlende Membran unmittelbar aufgeklebt. Dabei wird der Ultraschall dadurch erzeugt, dass der Piezokristall sich durch die angelegte Spannung ausdehnt, aber die Membran nicht. Da der Piezokristall und die Membran miteinander verklebt sind, führt dies letztendlich zu einer Verbiegung der Membran.From JP 01 041885, JP 61 094496 and GB-A 1 086 640 ultrasonic transducers are known which operate on the principle of bending oscillator. In these transducers, the piezoelectric crystal producing the ultrasound is glued directly to the membrane emitting the sound. In this case, the ultrasound is generated by the fact that the piezoelectric crystal expands due to the applied voltage, but not the membrane. Since the piezoelectric crystal and the membrane are glued together, this ultimately leads to a bending of the membrane.
Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung, einen verbesserten Ultraschallwandler bereitzustellen, mit dem die vorgenannten Nachteile zumindest wesentlich reduziert werden können, indem der Wandler mit möglichst kleinen Abmessungen gefertigt werden kann.Based on this prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide an improved ultrasonic transducer, with which the aforementioned disadvantages can be at least substantially reduced by the converter can be manufactured with the smallest possible dimensions.
Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst durch einen Ultraschallwandler mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1.This object is achieved by an ultrasonic transducer having the features of claim 1.
In dieser erfindungsgemäßen Ausbildung ist es möglich, den Durchmesser des Wandlers nach dem Längsschwingertyp sehr klein auszubilden relativ zur Arbeitsfrequenz. D.h. bei gleicher Arbeitsfrequenz ist der Wandler kleiner als bisher bekannte Wandler, wobei aber dennoch eine ausreichende Versteifung und Dämpfung des schwingenden Systems gegeben ist, so dass Nebenresonanzen verhindert werden. Dies ist ein durch die randinnenseitige Anordnung des von der Membran aber separaten, also getrennten Masseringes bedingter wesentlicher Effekt, den die Erfinder gefunden haben, der noch durch das benachbart zum Massering angeordnete Dämpfungselement verstärkt wird, das eine weiteren Reduzierung parasitärer Nebenresonanzen bewirkt.In this embodiment of the invention, it is possible to make the diameter of the transducer after the longitudinal oscillator type very small relative to the working frequency. That at the same operating frequency, the converter is smaller than previously known converter, but still sufficient stiffening and damping of the oscillating system is given, so that side resonances are prevented. This is due to the edge inside arrangement of the membrane but separate, so separate mass ring conditional essential effect found by the inventors, which is still reinforced by the arranged adjacent to the grounding damping element, which causes a further reduction of parasitic side resonances.
Es ist dabei von Vorteil, wenn der Massering mit der Membran verschraubt ist, so dass der Massering und die Membran in definierter Position zueinander und fest miteinander verbunden sind. Gleiches gilt für die Verbindung des Masseringes mit dem Gehäuse.It is advantageous if the mass ring is screwed to the membrane, so that the mass ring and the membrane in a defined position to each other and are firmly connected. The same applies to the connection of the mass ring with the housing.
Häufig werden die Ultraschallwandler in Durchflusszählern für aggressive und gefahrvolle sowie unter hohem Druck und Temperatur stehende Medien eingesetzt, so dass vorteilhafterweise die Membran und das Gehäuse auf der Höhe des Masseringes miteinander verschweißt sind. Damit ist eine absolute Dichtigkeit des Wandlers gegeben.Frequently, the ultrasonic transducers are used in flow meters for aggressive and dangerous as well as under high pressure and temperature related media, so that advantageously the diaphragm and the housing at the height of the Masseringes are welded together. This gives an absolute tightness of the transducer.
Damit das Dämpfungselement fest an dem den Ultraschall parasitär weiterleitenden Gehäuse anliegt und seine Dämpfungswirkung optimal entfalten kann, besteht das Dämpfungselement aus einem elastischen Material, vorzugsweise einem gummiartigen Material.So that the damping element bears firmly against the housing which propagates the ultrasound in a parasitic manner and can optimally develop its damping effect, the damping element consists of an elastic material, preferably a rubber-like material.
In einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung kann der separate Massering auch einstückig mit dem Gehäuse ausgebildet sein. Die Bezeichnung "separat" soll lediglich andeuten, dass der Massering getrennt von der Membran vorgesehen ist, denn das ist ein wesentliches Merkmal der Erfindung, dass die vorteilhafte Dämpfung maßgeblich bewirkt.In one embodiment of the invention, the separate mass ring may also be formed integrally with the housing. The term "separate" is intended merely to indicate that the mass ring is provided separately from the membrane, because that is an essential feature of the invention that causes the advantageous damping significantly.
Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung im Einzelnen erläutert. In der Zeichnung zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- einen Querschnitt eines erfindungsgemäßen Ultraschallwandlers;
- Fig. 2
- eine Messanordnung zur Messung eines Durchflusses eines Fluids unter Einsatz erfindungsgemäßer Ultraschallwandler;
- Fig. 3
- einen Teilbereich des Ultraschallwandlers einer weiteren Ausführungsform.
- Fig. 1
- a cross section of an ultrasonic transducer according to the invention;
- Fig. 2
- a measuring arrangement for measuring a flow of a fluid using ultrasound transducers according to the invention;
- Fig. 3
- a portion of the ultrasonic transducer of another embodiment.
In Fig. 2 ist eine Messanordnung 10 dargestellt, die das Messprinzip, beispielsweise eines Ultraschall-Gasdurchflusszählers verdeutlicht. In einer Rohrleitung 12 strömt ein Gas in Strömungsrichtung 14. In der Rohrleitung 12 sind identisch ausgebildete Ultraschallwandler 16 und 18 angeordnet, die einen Messpfad definieren. Die Ultraschallwandler 16, 18 sind geeignet elektrische Signale in Ultraschall umzuwandeln und umgekehrt, zum Senden und Empfangen von Ultraschall. Der Messpfad 20 ist in einem Winkel ungleich 90° zu einer Längsachse 22 der Rohrleitung 12 angeordnet, so dass die in entgegengesetzter Richtung entlang des Messpfades 20 gesandten Ultraschallsignale aufgrund der Gasströmung 14 eine Laufzeitdifferenz aufweisen. Aus der Laufzeitdifferenz und der entsprechenden Geometrie lässt sich die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit und damit der Volumendurchfluss des Gases bestimmen.FIG. 2 shows a
Der Ultraschallwandler 16 (Fig. 1) weist ein Ultraschall erzeugendes Element 30 auf, das aus zwei Piezokeramiken 32, 34 bestehen kann, die mit einer elektrischen Leitung 36 verbunden sind. Die elektrische Leitung 36 ist elektrisch isolierend geführt. Das piezoelektrische Element 30 ist zwischen zwei zylindrischen Spannabschnitten 40 und 42 eingespannt. Die beiden Spannabschnitte 40 und 42 sind über ein Spannorgan 44 miteinander verbunden, so dass das piezoelektrische Element 30 zwischen den Spannabschnitten verspannt gehalten ist. Die freie Stirnseite 46 des Spannabschnitts 42 dient als Sende- und/oder Empfangsfläche, über welche die Ultraschallsignale abgestrahlt bzw. empfangen werden.The ultrasonic transducer 16 (FIG. 1) has an ultrasound-generating
Zur Vergrößerung der Stirnfläche 46 ist die Stirnseite als Biegeplatte 48 ausgebildet und wird im Folgenden als Membran 48 bezeichnet. Zur Aussendung von Ultraschallsignalen schwingt die Membran 48 entsprechend der von dem piezoelektrischen Element 30 erzeugten und über den starren Spannabschnitt 42 übertragenen Ultraschallschwingungen und strahlt so die Ultraschallsignale ab. Zum Empfang von Ultraschallsignalen verläuft die Signalfolge umgekehrt und die Membran 48 nimmt die Ultraschallschwingungen auf, die über den Spannabschnitt 42 an das piezoelektrische Element 30 geleitet werden, das die Schwingungen in elektrische Signale umwandelt.To increase the
Die Membran 48 weist einen abgewinkelten Rand 50 auf, an den sich ein Gehäuse 52, das die vorgenannten signalleitenden und signalverarbeitenden Komponenten umgibt. Das Gehäuse 52 ist im wesentlichen zylindrisch ausgebildet.The
An seiner Innenseite ist der Rand 50 der Membran 48 mit einem Massering 54 verbunden, vorzugsweise verschraubt. Der Massering ist nur randseitig mit der Membran 48 verbunden, also nur im Bereich des Randes 50, damit die Membran 48 eine möglichst große Fläche zum Schwingen hat. Somit ist der innenseitig angeordnete Massering 54 von der Membran 48 über eine Lücke L beabstandet.On its inside, the
Der in den Rand 50 eingeschraubte Massering 54 steht über den Rand 50 hinaus, so dass der Massering 54 auch mit dem Gehäuse 52 verbindbar, insbesondere verschraubbar ist. Da das Gehäuse in geeigneter und nicht näher dargestellter Weise, z.B. über einen an seinem der Membran 48 abgewandten Ende 58 angeordneten Flansch, in dem Durchflusszähler festlegbar ist, sind über den Massering 54 auch die signalleitenden und signalverarbeitenden Komponenten gehalten.The screwed into the
Um eine absolute Dichtigkeit des Wandlers 16 zu erreichen, ist das Gehäuse 52 mit dem Rand 50 verschweißt.In order to achieve an absolute tightness of the
Zur weiteren Reduzierung von parasitären Schwingungen weist das Gehäuse 52 innenseitig ein Dämpfungselement 64 auf, das aus einem elastischen Material, beispielsweise Gummi, bestehen kann. Das Dämpfungselement ist ringförmig ausgebildet, so dass es an der Innenseite des Gehäuses 52 zu liegen kommen kann und ist vorteilhafterweise dem Massering 54 benachbart angeordnet.To further reduce parasitic vibrations, the
In einer weiteren, in Fig. 3 dargestellten Ausführungsform, kann der Massering 54 auch einstückig mit dem Gehäuse 52 ausgebildet sein.In a further embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the
Claims (6)
- Ultrasound transducer having a housing (52), having at least one piezoelectric element (30), a diaphragm (48) emitting or receiving ultrasound and an inertial ring (54) arranged internally in the housing (52), which is separate from the diaphragm (48) and is connected on the inside edge thereto and to the housing (52), and a dampening element (64) arranged internally in the housing (52), which is annularly designed and is arranged next to the inertial ring (54) in order to dampen perturbing resonances, characterized in that the ultrasound transducer (16) is designed according to the longitudinal oscillator type, the piezoelectric element (30) being clamped between two clamping sections (40, 42) and one clamping section (42) being designed to conduct the ultrasound oscillations from and to its end side designed as a bending plate, which forms the diaphragm (48).
- Ultrasound transducer according to Claim 1, characterized in that the inertial ring (54) is screwed together with the diaphragm (48).
- Ultrasound transducer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the diaphragm (48) and the housing (52) are welded together level with the inertial ring (54).
- Ultrasound transducer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dampening element (64) consists of a resilient material, preferably a rubber-like material.
- Ultrasound transducer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inertial ring (54) is screwed together with the housing (52).
- Ultrasound transducer according to one of the preceding Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the inertial ring (54) is formed integrally with the housing (52).
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL04017189T PL1515303T3 (en) | 2003-09-09 | 2004-07-21 | Ultrasound transducer assembly including a mass ring for the damping of interfering resonances |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10341422A DE10341422A1 (en) | 2003-09-09 | 2003-09-09 | Ultrasound transducer assembly |
DE10341422 | 2003-09-09 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1515303A1 EP1515303A1 (en) | 2005-03-16 |
EP1515303B1 true EP1515303B1 (en) | 2006-09-20 |
Family
ID=34129700
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP04017189A Expired - Lifetime EP1515303B1 (en) | 2003-09-09 | 2004-07-21 | Ultrasound transducer assembly including a mass ring for the damping of interfering resonances |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20050054932A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1515303B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE340398T1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE10341422A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2271748T3 (en) |
PL (1) | PL1515303T3 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102010064117A1 (en) | 2010-12-23 | 2012-06-28 | Endress + Hauser Flowtec Ag | Ultrasonic transducer housing for use in volumetric flow meter, has attenuator comprising membrane-side end section, and sectional plane whose longitudinal axis lies monotonic to longitudinal axis of housing |
DE102015110939A1 (en) | 2015-07-07 | 2017-01-12 | Valeo Schalter Und Sensoren Gmbh | Ultrasonic sensor for a motor vehicle, motor vehicle and method for producing an ultrasonic sensor |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2158586B1 (en) * | 2007-06-01 | 2019-08-14 | Axsensor AB | Piezoelectric transducer device |
DE102008027970B4 (en) * | 2008-06-12 | 2013-04-04 | Hella Kgaa Hueck & Co. | ultrasonic sensor |
DE102012209238A1 (en) | 2012-05-31 | 2013-12-05 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | An ultrasonic sensor and apparatus and method for measuring a distance between a vehicle and an obstacle |
DE102014104134A1 (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2015-10-01 | Hydrovision Gmbh | Acoustic flow measurement device and method for such a device |
DE102015113561A1 (en) | 2015-08-17 | 2017-02-23 | Endress + Hauser Flowtec Ag | Ultrasonic transducers for use in ultrasonic flowmeters for measuring the flow rate or volume flow of media in a pipeline, and a method of making such an ultrasonic transducer |
US10585178B2 (en) * | 2015-10-21 | 2020-03-10 | Semiconductor Componenents Industries, Llc | Piezo transducer controller and method having adaptively-tuned linear damping |
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US2803129A (en) * | 1951-05-28 | 1957-08-20 | Council Scient Ind Res | Apparatus for testing of elastic materials |
GB1086640A (en) * | 1963-12-16 | 1967-10-11 | Nat Res Dev | Damping backing for piezo-electric crystal or transducer |
US3989965A (en) * | 1973-07-27 | 1976-11-02 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Acoustic transducer with damping means |
US4162111A (en) * | 1977-08-25 | 1979-07-24 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer with damped housing |
DE3137745A1 (en) * | 1981-09-23 | 1983-04-07 | Egon 5000 Köln Gelhard | SENSOR FOR PERFORMING THE DISTANCE MEASUREMENT ACCORDING TO THE ULTRASONIC ECHOPRINZIP |
JPS6194496A (en) * | 1984-10-16 | 1986-05-13 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Ultrasonic microphone |
US4746831A (en) * | 1985-03-27 | 1988-05-24 | Kaijo Denki Co., Ltd. | Ultrasonic transreceiver |
DE59712467D1 (en) * | 1997-08-14 | 2005-12-08 | Landis & Gyr Gmbh | Ultrasonic flow meter |
DE19744229A1 (en) * | 1997-10-07 | 1999-04-29 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Ultrasonic transducer |
US6217530B1 (en) * | 1999-05-14 | 2001-04-17 | University Of Washington | Ultrasonic applicator for medical applications |
DE10023302C2 (en) * | 2000-05-15 | 2003-11-13 | Grieshaber Vega Kg | Piezoelectric excitable vibrating element |
DE10040344A1 (en) * | 2000-08-17 | 2002-02-28 | Sick Ag | ultrasound transducer |
EP1340964B1 (en) * | 2002-03-01 | 2005-02-09 | SICK Engineering GmbH | Ultrasonic transducer system with ultrasonic filter |
-
2003
- 2003-09-09 DE DE10341422A patent/DE10341422A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2004
- 2004-07-21 ES ES04017189T patent/ES2271748T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-07-21 EP EP04017189A patent/EP1515303B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-07-21 PL PL04017189T patent/PL1515303T3/en unknown
- 2004-07-21 DE DE502004001520T patent/DE502004001520D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-07-21 AT AT04017189T patent/ATE340398T1/en active
- 2004-09-08 US US10/936,979 patent/US20050054932A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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MURATA MANUFACTURING CO, LTD: "Piezoelectric Sound Components - Application Manual" * |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102010064117A1 (en) | 2010-12-23 | 2012-06-28 | Endress + Hauser Flowtec Ag | Ultrasonic transducer housing for use in volumetric flow meter, has attenuator comprising membrane-side end section, and sectional plane whose longitudinal axis lies monotonic to longitudinal axis of housing |
DE102015110939A1 (en) | 2015-07-07 | 2017-01-12 | Valeo Schalter Und Sensoren Gmbh | Ultrasonic sensor for a motor vehicle, motor vehicle and method for producing an ultrasonic sensor |
DE102015110939B4 (en) | 2015-07-07 | 2019-02-14 | Valeo Schalter Und Sensoren Gmbh | Ultrasonic sensor for a motor vehicle, motor vehicle and method for producing an ultrasonic sensor |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE340398T1 (en) | 2006-10-15 |
DE10341422A1 (en) | 2005-03-31 |
ES2271748T3 (en) | 2007-04-16 |
DE502004001520D1 (en) | 2006-11-02 |
EP1515303A1 (en) | 2005-03-16 |
PL1515303T3 (en) | 2007-01-31 |
US20050054932A1 (en) | 2005-03-10 |
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