EP1503068A1 - Resilient flap for a variable exhaust nozzle of a turbomachine - Google Patents

Resilient flap for a variable exhaust nozzle of a turbomachine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1503068A1
EP1503068A1 EP04291704A EP04291704A EP1503068A1 EP 1503068 A1 EP1503068 A1 EP 1503068A1 EP 04291704 A EP04291704 A EP 04291704A EP 04291704 A EP04291704 A EP 04291704A EP 1503068 A1 EP1503068 A1 EP 1503068A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
boxes
transverse
flexible
follower flap
edges
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP04291704A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1503068B1 (en
Inventor
Emmanuel Mandet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Safran Aircraft Engines SAS
Original Assignee
SNECMA Moteurs SA
SNECMA SAS
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Publication of EP1503068A1 publication Critical patent/EP1503068A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02K1/00—Plants characterised by the form or arrangement of the jet pipe or nozzle; Jet pipes or nozzles peculiar thereto
    • F02K1/06—Varying effective area of jet pipe or nozzle
    • F02K1/12—Varying effective area of jet pipe or nozzle by means of pivoted flaps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02K1/00—Plants characterised by the form or arrangement of the jet pipe or nozzle; Jet pipes or nozzles peculiar thereto
    • F02K1/06—Varying effective area of jet pipe or nozzle
    • F02K1/12—Varying effective area of jet pipe or nozzle by means of pivoted flaps
    • F02K1/1207—Varying effective area of jet pipe or nozzle by means of pivoted flaps of one series of flaps hinged at their upstream ends on a fixed structure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02K1/00—Plants characterised by the form or arrangement of the jet pipe or nozzle; Jet pipes or nozzles peculiar thereto
    • F02K1/78—Other construction of jet pipes
    • F02K1/80—Couplings or connections
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02K1/00—Plants characterised by the form or arrangement of the jet pipe or nozzle; Jet pipes or nozzles peculiar thereto
    • F02K1/78—Other construction of jet pipes
    • F02K1/80—Couplings or connections
    • F02K1/805—Sealing devices therefor, e.g. for movable parts of jet pipes or nozzle flaps

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the general field of turbomachines variable section nozzles and it concerns more particularly the nozzles constituted by a ring of flaps.
  • FIG. 7 Conventional nozzle architecture with variable cross section 10 of turbomachine is illustrated in Figure 7.
  • nozzles with variable section consisting of a crown of shutters consist of both shutters controlled 12, 14 and follower flaps 16.
  • control means so as to modify the profile of the primary flow the turbomachine engine (i.e. the ejection section or sections according to whether it is a simple convergent or a nozzle converging / diverging).
  • these control means comprise a control cylinder 18 associated to a more or less complex kinematics using levers 20, swiveling linkages 22 or a ring, cams and rollers for example.
  • the follower flaps arranged radially inside the shutters ordered are based on the adjacent controlled shutters of on both sides of their longitudinal edges and thus ensure continuity (and watertightness) of the primary vein (hence the name of sealing flaps also given to these follower flaps) during the operation of the nozzle and this regardless of its section opening.
  • the present invention therefore aims to overcome these disadvantages by proposing a follower flap structure flexible enough to bridge gaps between shutters orders.
  • An object of the invention is also to produce a component flexible follower able to support loads important in pressure and temperature.
  • a flexible follower flap for a nozzle turbomachine variable section interposed between two shutters adjacent orders against which it is held by fastening means characterized in that it comprises a plurality of independent transverse boxes mounted side by side in a support plate, the boxes being in contact by their edges longitudinals raised and maintained in the support plate by their side edges that are enclosed in longitudinal edges of the support plate.
  • the longitudinal edges of the support plate enclosing the edges lateral of the caissons define a support zone for the shutters adjacent controls and they have notches for keep in position the transverse boxes, each notch receiving the ends of the raised longitudinal edges of two adjacent boxes.
  • a box of said plurality of boxes transverse bars further comprises a transverse bar of holding intended to support the follower flap in the rest position.
  • This holding bar constitutes the terminal transverse arm of a short post extending radially from a longitudinal edge said transverse box.
  • the transverse box is an end box the shutter and the support plate is formed of a metal plate in one relatively flexible material and resistant to high temperature
  • the invention also relates to a nozzle with a variable section turbomachine comprising a plurality of flexible follower flaps as mentioned above.
  • Figure 1 illustrates in perspective a shutter structure follower according to the present invention.
  • This qualified component of flexible because of its possibility of deformation comprises several caissons 30 independent units held side by side in a support plate 32 also sealing the vein of hot gases.
  • the blind follower is connected to two adjacent controlled flaps by two holding bars, one upstream 34 disposed substantially at level of its theoretical axis of articulation and intended to position the follower flap in the nozzle and the other downstream 36 arranged substantially at its free end, opposite its axis of articulation theoretical, and intended to hold this flap in rest position (engine stopped).
  • Each box 30 has a rectangular shape with two longitudinal edges (or wings) 30A (longer) relieves providing a stiffener function for the box and two side edges 30B (shorter length) folded intended to come fit into the sealing plate.
  • the number of boxes and their stiffness depend on the characteristics sought for the nozzle and in particular they are optimized according to the pressure and the temperature on the shutter, its dimensions, the materials used, the cantilever to fill and height available so that the ends longitudinal edges of the caissons do not interfere with the shutters orders.
  • the end casing 38 integrates the bar 36 of downstream maintenance of the follower flap.
  • the longitudinal edge external 38A of this box is extended in its center by a short vertical post 38B extending radially outwardly of the nozzle and terminated by a curved transverse arm 38C forming a bar keeping.
  • This holding arm has a length greater than the width of the follower flap so that its two ends 38D can come into contact on the two shutters ordered surrounding this follower flap.
  • the sealing plate is formed of a metal plate in one relatively flexible material and resistant to high temperature (greater than 1000 ° C) of rectangular shape and dimensions compatible with the free space to be bridged between two shutters orders. More precisely, the follower flap has a width greater than that of this free space, so as to create a zone of overlap at each of its two longitudinal edges corresponding to a support zone of the follower flap on the flap ordered.
  • the longitudinal edges 32A of the sealing plate are bent (turned) to grip the side edges folded 30B boxes 30 and they have notches 32B distributed regularly to receive the ends of the longitudinal edges 30A of two adjacent boxes and thus ensure their maintenance spouse.
  • the longitudinal edges 30A contiguous two caissons adjacent areas that ensure the rigidity of these boxes can slide freely on each other.
  • This flap configuration allows complete dissociation functions. Indeed, on the one hand the caissons constitute the structure of the shutter and ensures its mechanical strength vis-à-vis the efforts pressure. When the shutter is twisted, the boxes move in relation to each other and undergo very little deformation. Sure the only effect of the displacements imposed on the shutter so there is almost no stress generated in the boxes. On the other hand, the sheet simply ensures the seal between the boxes in improving the geometry of the motor vein. She permits incidentally to maintain the boxes between them on the edges without ensuring any structural role.
  • the holding bar upstream 34 whose attachment to the sealing plate 32 is effected by for example, by means of at least one screw 40.
  • this support bar is fixed on a metal bridge-shaped support 42 welded to a end to the sealing plate and coming to the other end in support against a longitudinal edge 44A of a first box 44 of the shutter follower, in the manner of a clamp.
  • any other means removable allowing this quick attachment of the flap in the nozzle is possible.
  • Figure 2 shows the attachment of the follower flap to one of the two controlled shutters that are adjacent to it. It is carried out at the level of the upstream retaining bar 34 in the form of hanger having each end 34A having a cylindrical lug is held in position between two studs 46 arranged on the edge external longitudinal component of the controlled flap and which frame this end to limit the lateral displacement (along the axis of the nozzle) while allowing it to move in two degrees of freedom (in rotation and in longitudinal translation), and on the other hand level of the downstream retaining bar 36, each end 36A simply rest on this outer longitudinal edge of the shutter ordered.
  • the caissons support the entire sealing plate and the efforts supported by the shutter can then be important.
  • FIGs 3 and 3A illustrate the various stages of assembly a follower pane.
  • the boxes are made individually from sheet metal plates that are folded to form the folded edges and the caissons, the end box being shaped to integrate the downstream support bar 36.
  • the sealing plate is as for it elaborated from a plate of sheet whose edges longitudinal sections are cut and folded partially to receive and guide the various caissons intended to form the shutter. Once these are slid one by one into the sheet, the ends of the edges lengths of the various boxes coming from the notches, the folding of the longitudinal edges is completed to ensure a perfect fixing these boxes, as shown in Figure 3A.
  • the whole can to be mounted between two controlled shutters, the hanging of these shutters being then ensured by the fixing of the holding bar upstream.
  • the flexible follower flap of the invention promotes the moving between boxes to avoid stress in the rooms of the shutter. It is the juxtaposition of the caissons that allows them to be free to move between them while being contiguous. Prison sealing is only clamped on its longitudinal edges. Subject to high pressure, each box comes to rely on flaps and the sheet then weakly loaded on the caissons.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)
  • Control Of Turbines (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Lift Valve (AREA)
  • Making Paper Articles (AREA)
  • Gasket Seals (AREA)

Abstract

The flap has a set of independent transversal boxes (30) mounted side by side in a support sheet (32). Each box has a rectangular shape with two longitudinal edges and two lateral edges, where the longitudinal edges have length greater than that of the lateral edges. The lateral edges are held by longitudinal edges of the sheet for maintaining the boxes in the sheet. An independent claim is also included for a convergent-divergent nozzle of a turbo-machine.

Description

Domaine de l'inventionField of the invention

La présente invention se rapporte au domaine général des tuyères à section variable des turbomachines et elle concerne plus particulièrement les tuyères constituées par une couronne de volets.The present invention relates to the general field of turbomachines variable section nozzles and it concerns more particularly the nozzles constituted by a ring of flaps.

Art antérieurPrior art

Une architecture conventionnelle de tuyère à section variable 10 de turbomachine est illustrée à la figure 7. Dans ce type d'architecture, il est connu que les tuyères à section variable constituées d'une couronne de volets se composent à la fois de volets commandés 12, 14 et de volets suiveurs 16.Conventional nozzle architecture with variable cross section 10 of turbomachine is illustrated in Figure 7. In this type architecture, it is known that nozzles with variable section consisting of a crown of shutters consist of both shutters controlled 12, 14 and follower flaps 16.

Les volets commandés sont actionnés directement par des moyens de commande de façon à modifier le profil du flux primaire du moteur de la turbomachine (i.e. la ou les sections d'éjection selon qu'il s'agit d'un simple convergent ou d'une tuyère convergente/divergente). Selon la configuration envisagée, ces moyens de commande comportent un vérin de commande 18 associé à une cinématique plus ou moins complexe mettant en oeuvre, des leviers 20, des chapes de liaison rotulantes 22 ou encore un anneau, des cames et des galets par exemple.The controlled shutters are operated directly by control means so as to modify the profile of the primary flow the turbomachine engine (i.e. the ejection section or sections according to whether it is a simple convergent or a nozzle converging / diverging). Depending on the configuration envisaged, these control means comprise a control cylinder 18 associated to a more or less complex kinematics using levers 20, swiveling linkages 22 or a ring, cams and rollers for example.

Les volets suiveurs disposés radialement à l'intérieur des volets commandés prennent appui sur les volets commandés adjacents de part et d'autre de leurs bords longitudinaux et assurent ainsi la continuité (et l'étanchéité) de la veine primaire (d'où l'appellation de volets d'étanchéité donnée aussi à ces volets suiveurs) pendant le fonctionnement de la tuyère et cela quelle que soit sa section d'ouverture. The follower flaps arranged radially inside the shutters ordered are based on the adjacent controlled shutters of on both sides of their longitudinal edges and thus ensure continuity (and watertightness) of the primary vein (hence the name of sealing flaps also given to these follower flaps) during the operation of the nozzle and this regardless of its section opening.

Selon la précision des moyens de commande, et notamment de sa cinématique, des déformations plus ou moins prononcées apparaissent en fonctionnement, provoquant d'importants décalages dans le braquage des différents volets commandés, c'est à dire dans l'angle que fait chacun de ces volets commandés par rapport à l'axe du moteur.According to the precision of the control means, and in particular of its kinematics, deformations more or less pronounced appear in operation, causing significant delays in the turning of the different shutters ordered, ie in the angle that each of these controlled flaps makes with respect to the axis of the motor.

Il en résulte d'importantes contraintes (flexion/torsion) au niveau des volets suiveurs dont les deux bords longitudinaux (selon l'axe de la tuyère) doivent alors porter sur des génératrices non coplanaires. Or, ces volets suiveurs ne pouvant se déformer suffisamment pour porter sur les deux volets commandés adjacents, notamment lorsqu'ils sont courts et monobloc comme le montre l'exemple de la figure 7, il se crée un phénomène de porte-à-faux au niveau de chacun de ces volets suiveurs, qui entraíne une fuite latérale 26 dans le flux primaire ayant pour conséquence un déficit de performance aérodynamique pour la turbomachine (voir la figure 8).This results in significant stresses (flexion / torsion) at level of the follower flaps whose two longitudinal edges (according to the axis of the nozzle) must then bear on generators not coplanar. However, these follower flaps can not deform enough to carry on the two adjacent ordered flaps, especially when they are short and monobloc as shown the example of Figure 7, a cantilever phenomenon is created at level of each of these follower flaps, which leads to a leak lateral 26 in the primary flow resulting in a deficit of aerodynamic performance for the turbomachine (see figure 8).

Objet et définition de l'inventionObject and definition of the invention

La présente invention a donc pour objet de pallier ces inconvénients en proposant une structure de volet suiveur suffisamment souple pour combler les décalages entre les volets commandés. Un but de l'invention est aussi de réaliser un volet suiveur souple capable toutefois de supporter des chargements importants en pression et en température.The present invention therefore aims to overcome these disadvantages by proposing a follower flap structure flexible enough to bridge gaps between shutters orders. An object of the invention is also to produce a component flexible follower able to support loads important in pressure and temperature.

Ces buts sont atteints par un volet suiveur souple pour tuyère à section variable de turbomachine interposé entre deux volets commandés adjacents contre lesquels il est maintenu par des moyens d'accrochage, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une pluralité de caissons transversaux indépendants montés cote à cote dans une tôle support, les caissons étant en contact par leurs bords longitudinaux relevés et maintenus dans la tôle support par leurs bords latéraux qui sont enserrés dans des bords longitudinaux de la tôle support.These goals are achieved by a flexible follower flap for a nozzle turbomachine variable section interposed between two shutters adjacent orders against which it is held by fastening means, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of independent transverse boxes mounted side by side in a support plate, the boxes being in contact by their edges longitudinals raised and maintained in the support plate by their side edges that are enclosed in longitudinal edges of the support plate.

Avec cette structure particulière, on limite pratiquement complètement les fuites entre volets et ainsi que les contraintes associées aux déformations. La durée de vie des volets est augmentée et leur coût de fabrication est réduit.With this particular structure, we practically limit completely leaks between shutters and as well as the constraints associated with deformities. The lifespan of the shutters is increased and their manufacturing cost is reduced.

Les bords longitudinaux de la tôle support enserrant les bords latéraux des caissons définissent une zone d'appui pour les volets commandés adjacents et ils comportent des entailles de calage pour maintenir en position les caissons transversaux, chaque entaille recevant les extrémités des bords longitudinaux relevés de deux caissons adjacents.The longitudinal edges of the support plate enclosing the edges lateral of the caissons define a support zone for the shutters adjacent controls and they have notches for keep in position the transverse boxes, each notch receiving the ends of the raised longitudinal edges of two adjacent boxes.

Avantageusement, un caisson de ladite pluralité de caissons transversaux comporte en outre une barrette transversale de maintien destinée à supporter le volet suiveur en position de repos. Cette barrette de maintien constitue le bras transversal terminal d'un court montant s'étendant radialement depuis un bord longitudinal dudit caisson transversal.Advantageously, a box of said plurality of boxes transverse bars further comprises a transverse bar of holding intended to support the follower flap in the rest position. This holding bar constitutes the terminal transverse arm of a short post extending radially from a longitudinal edge said transverse box.

De préférence, le caisson transversal est un caisson d'extrémité du volet et la tôle support est formée d'une plaque métallique en un matériau relativement souple et résistant à haute températurePreferably, the transverse box is an end box the shutter and the support plate is formed of a metal plate in one relatively flexible material and resistant to high temperature

L'invention concerne également une tuyère à section variable de turbomachine comportant une pluralité de volets suiveurs souples tels que précités.The invention also relates to a nozzle with a variable section turbomachine comprising a plurality of flexible follower flaps as mentioned above.

Brève description des dessinsBrief description of the drawings

Les caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention ressortiront mieux de la description suivante, faite à titre indicatif et non limitatif, en regard des dessins annexés sur lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en perspective illustrant un volet souple suiveur selon l'invention,
  • la figure 2 est une vue en perspective montrant le volet souple suiveur de la figure 1 en appui sur un volet commandé d'une tuyère à section variable,
  • la figure 3 est un éclaté du volet souple suiveur de la figure 1,
  • la figure 3A illustre un détail du volet souple suiveur de la figure 1,
  • les figures 4, 5 et 6 sont des vues illustrant la déformation en fonctionnement du volet souple suiveur de la figure 1,
  • la figure 7 est une vue partielle en perspective d'une tuyère à section variable de l'art antérieur, et
  • la figure 8 est un schéma illustrant les fuites entre volets existant sur la tuyère de la figure 7.
The features and advantages of the present invention will emerge more clearly from the following description, given by way of non-limiting indication, with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a flexible follower flap according to the invention,
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the follower flexible flap of FIG. 1 resting on a controlled flap of a variable section nozzle;
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the flexible follower flap of FIG.
  • FIG. 3A illustrates a detail of the follower flexible flap of FIG. 1,
  • FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 are views illustrating the deformation in operation of the follower flexible flap of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 7 is a partial perspective view of a variable section nozzle of the prior art, and
  • Figure 8 is a diagram illustrating the leaks between flaps existing on the nozzle of Figure 7.

Description détaillée d'un mode de réalisation préférentielDetailed description of a preferred embodiment

La figure 1 illustre en perspective une structure de volet suiveur conforme à la présente invention. Ce volet qualifié de souple du fait de sa possibilité de déformation comporte plusieurs caissons 30 indépendants maintenus cote à cote dans une tôle support 32 assurant également l'étanchéité de la veine de gaz chauds. Le volet suiveur est relié aux deux volets commandés adjacents par deux barrettes de maintien, l'une amont 34 disposée sensiblement au niveau de son axe d'articulation théorique et destinée à positionner le volet suiveur dans la tuyère et l'autre aval 36 disposée sensiblement au niveau de son extrémité libre, opposée à son axe d'articulation théorique, et destinée à retenir ce volet en position de repos (moteur arrêté).Figure 1 illustrates in perspective a shutter structure follower according to the present invention. This qualified component of flexible because of its possibility of deformation comprises several caissons 30 independent units held side by side in a support plate 32 also sealing the vein of hot gases. The blind follower is connected to two adjacent controlled flaps by two holding bars, one upstream 34 disposed substantially at level of its theoretical axis of articulation and intended to position the follower flap in the nozzle and the other downstream 36 arranged substantially at its free end, opposite its axis of articulation theoretical, and intended to hold this flap in rest position (engine stopped).

Chaque caisson 30 présente une forme rectangulaire avec deux bords (ou ailes) longitudinaux 30A (de plus grande longueur) relevés assurant une fonction de raidisseur pour le caisson et deux bords latéraux 30B (de plus faible longueur) rabattus destinés à venir s'emboíter dans la tôle d'étanchéité.Each box 30 has a rectangular shape with two longitudinal edges (or wings) 30A (longer) relieves providing a stiffener function for the box and two side edges 30B (shorter length) folded intended to come fit into the sealing plate.

Le nombre des caissons et leur raideur dépendent des caractéristiques recherchées pour la tuyère et notamment ils sont optimisés en fonction de la pression et de la température s'exerçant sur le volet, de ses dimensions, des matériaux utilisés, du porte-à-faux à combler et de la hauteur disponible pour que les extrémités des bords longitudinaux des caissons n'interfèrent pas avec les volets commandés.The number of boxes and their stiffness depend on the characteristics sought for the nozzle and in particular they are optimized according to the pressure and the temperature on the shutter, its dimensions, the materials used, the cantilever to fill and height available so that the ends longitudinal edges of the caissons do not interfere with the shutters orders.

Avantageusement, le caisson 38 d'extrémité (c'est à dire celui disposé à l'extrémité libre du volet suiveur) intègre la barrette 36 de maintien aval du volet suiveur. Pour ce faire, le bord longitudinal externe 38A de ce caisson est prolongé en son centre par un court montant vertical 38B s'étendant radialement vers l'extérieur de la tuyère et terminé par un bras transversal cintré 38C formant barrette de maintien. Ce bras de maintien présente une longueur supérieure à la largeur du volet suiveur de sorte que ses deux extrémités 38D peuvent venir en contact sur les deux volets commandés entourant ce volet suiveur.Advantageously, the end casing 38 (that is to say the disposed at the free end of the follower flap) integrates the bar 36 of downstream maintenance of the follower flap. To do this, the longitudinal edge external 38A of this box is extended in its center by a short vertical post 38B extending radially outwardly of the nozzle and terminated by a curved transverse arm 38C forming a bar keeping. This holding arm has a length greater than the width of the follower flap so that its two ends 38D can come into contact on the two shutters ordered surrounding this follower flap.

La tôle d'étanchéité est formée d'une plaque métallique en un matériau relativement souple et résistant à haute température (supérieur à 1000°C) de forme rectangulaire et de dimensions compatibles avec l'espace libre à combler entre deux volets commandés. Plus précisément, le volet suiveur présente une largeur supérieure à celle de cet espace libre, de façon à créer une zone de recouvrement au niveau de chacun de ses deux bords longitudinaux correspondant à une zone d'appui du volet suiveur sur le volet commandé.The sealing plate is formed of a metal plate in one relatively flexible material and resistant to high temperature (greater than 1000 ° C) of rectangular shape and dimensions compatible with the free space to be bridged between two shutters orders. More precisely, the follower flap has a width greater than that of this free space, so as to create a zone of overlap at each of its two longitudinal edges corresponding to a support zone of the follower flap on the flap ordered.

Les bords longitudinaux 32A de la tôle d'étanchéité sont recourbés (retournés) pour venir enserrer le bords latéraux rabattus 30B des caissons 30 et ils comportent des entailles 32B réparties régulièrement pour recevoir les extrémités des bords longitudinaux 30A de deux caissons adjacents et ainsi assurer leur maintien conjoint. Les bords longitudinaux 30A contigus de deux caissons adjacents qui assurent la rigidité de ces caissons peuvent ainsi coulisser librement l'un sur l'autre.The longitudinal edges 32A of the sealing plate are bent (turned) to grip the side edges folded 30B boxes 30 and they have notches 32B distributed regularly to receive the ends of the longitudinal edges 30A of two adjacent boxes and thus ensure their maintenance spouse. The longitudinal edges 30A contiguous two caissons adjacent areas that ensure the rigidity of these boxes can slide freely on each other.

Cette configuration du volet permet une complète dissociation des fonctions. En effet, d'une part les caissons constituent la structure du volet et assure sa tenue mécanique vis-à-vis des efforts de pression. Lorsque le volet se vrille, les caissons se déplacent les uns par rapport aux autres et subissent très peu de déformation. Sur l'unique effet des déplacements imposés au volet il n'y a donc quasiment pas de contrainte générée dans les caissons. D'autre part, la tôle assure simplement l'étanchéité entre les caissons en améliorant la géométrie de la veine moteur. Elle permet accessoirement de maintenir les caissons entre eux sur les bords sans assurer aucun rôle structurel.This flap configuration allows complete dissociation functions. Indeed, on the one hand the caissons constitute the structure of the shutter and ensures its mechanical strength vis-à-vis the efforts pressure. When the shutter is twisted, the boxes move in relation to each other and undergo very little deformation. Sure the only effect of the displacements imposed on the shutter so there is almost no stress generated in the boxes. On the other hand, the sheet simply ensures the seal between the boxes in improving the geometry of the motor vein. She permits incidentally to maintain the boxes between them on the edges without ensuring any structural role.

Le positionnement du volet suiveur par rapport aux deux volets commandés qui l'entoure est assuré par la barrette de maintien amont 34 dont la fixation à la tôle d'étanchéité 32 est effectuée, par exemple, au moyen d'au moins une vis 40. Dans l'exemple illustré, qui n'est aucunement limitatif, cette barrette de maintien est fixée sur un support métallique en forme de pont 42 soudé à une extrémité à la tôle d'étanchéité et venant à l'autre extrémité en appui contre un bord longitudinal 44A d'un premier caisson 44 du volet suiveur, à la manière d'une pince. Bien entendu, tout autre moyen démontable permettant cette fixation rapide du volet dans la tuyère est envisageable.The positioning of the follower flap in relation to the two flaps ordered around it is provided by the holding bar upstream 34 whose attachment to the sealing plate 32 is effected by for example, by means of at least one screw 40. In the illustrated example, which is in no way restrictive, this support bar is fixed on a metal bridge-shaped support 42 welded to a end to the sealing plate and coming to the other end in support against a longitudinal edge 44A of a first box 44 of the shutter follower, in the manner of a clamp. Of course, any other means removable allowing this quick attachment of the flap in the nozzle is possible.

La figure 2 montre le rattachement du volet suiveur sur un des deux volets commandés qui lui sont adjacents. Il s'effectue d'une part au niveau de la barrette de maintien amont 34 en forme de cintre dont chaque extrémité 34A comportant un ergot cylindrique est maintenue en position entre deux plots 46 disposés sur le bord longitudinal externe du volet commandé et qui encadrent cette extrémité pour en limiter le déplacement latéral (selon l'axe de la tuyère) tout en lui autorisant un déplacement selon deux degrés de liberté (en rotation et en translation longitudinale), et d'autre part au niveau de la barrette de maintien aval 36 dont chaque extrémité 36A repose simplement sur ce bord longitudinal externe du volet commandé. Par cette configuration, les caissons soutiennent l'intégralité de la tôle d'étanchéité et les efforts supportés par le volet peuvent alors être importants.Figure 2 shows the attachment of the follower flap to one of the two controlled shutters that are adjacent to it. It is carried out at the level of the upstream retaining bar 34 in the form of hanger having each end 34A having a cylindrical lug is held in position between two studs 46 arranged on the edge external longitudinal component of the controlled flap and which frame this end to limit the lateral displacement (along the axis of the nozzle) while allowing it to move in two degrees of freedom (in rotation and in longitudinal translation), and on the other hand level of the downstream retaining bar 36, each end 36A simply rest on this outer longitudinal edge of the shutter ordered. By this configuration, the caissons support the entire sealing plate and the efforts supported by the shutter can then be important.

Les figures 3 et 3A illustrent les différentes étapes du montage d'un volet suiveur. Les caissons sont réalisés individuellement à partir de plaques de tôle qui sont pliées pour former les bords rabattus et relevés des caissons, le caisson d'extrémité étant conformé pour intégrer la barrette de maintien aval 36. La tôle d'étanchéité est quant à elle élaborée à partir d'une plaque de tôle dont les bords longitudinaux sont entaillés puis pliés partiellement de façon à recevoir et guider les différents caissons destinés à former le volet. Une fois ceux-ci glissés un à un dans la tôle, les extrémités des bords longitudinaux des différents caissons venant au droit des entailles, le pliage des bords longitudinaux est achevé pour assurer une parfaite fixation de ces caissons, comme illustre la figure 3A. L'ensemble peut ainsi être monté entre deux volets commandés, l'accrochage de ces volets étant ensuite assuré par la fixation de la barrette de maintien amont.Figures 3 and 3A illustrate the various stages of assembly a follower pane. The boxes are made individually from sheet metal plates that are folded to form the folded edges and the caissons, the end box being shaped to integrate the downstream support bar 36. The sealing plate is as for it elaborated from a plate of sheet whose edges longitudinal sections are cut and folded partially to receive and guide the various caissons intended to form the shutter. Once these are slid one by one into the sheet, the ends of the edges lengths of the various boxes coming from the notches, the folding of the longitudinal edges is completed to ensure a perfect fixing these boxes, as shown in Figure 3A. The whole can to be mounted between two controlled shutters, the hanging of these shutters being then ensured by the fixing of the holding bar upstream.

Le fonctionnement du volet suiveur souple selon l'invention est maintenant décrit en regard des figures 4 à 6 qui montrent les déformations subies par ce volet (les barrettes cintrées de maintien ayant été omises pour une meilleure compréhension). En effet, sous l'effet de la pression des gaz chauds éjectés par la tuyère, le volet suiveur se déforme car les appuis des volets commandés adjacents sont décalés. D'un coté, le volet suiveur porte sur un volet commandé selon une génératrice rectiligne 50 alors que de l'autre coté les caissons se déplacent les uns par rapport aux autres pour venir en contact avec l'autre volet commandé décalé 52. Les caissons qui reprennent par leur raideur les efforts de pression sont maintenus par la tôle d'étanchéité. Comme cette tôle est souple, elle suit le mouvement des parties mobiles et se gauchit en venant se plaquer au mieux sur les caissons du volets pour assurer un profil de veine aérodynamique lisse. Ainsi, la flèche que doit atteindre le volet souple est obtenue par un cumul de petits déplacements entre des pièces mobiles (les caissons) et donc sans génération de contraintes dues à la déformation. La durée de vie du volet en est améliorée d'autant.The operation of the flexible follower flap according to the invention is now described with reference to Figures 4 to 6 which show the deformations undergone by this component (the arched bars of maintenance having been omitted for better understanding). Indeed, under the effect of the pressure of the hot gases ejected by the nozzle, the shutter follower is deformed because the supports of the adjacent controlled shutters are shifted. On one side, the follower flap is ordered according to a rectilinear generator 50 while on the other side the boxes move relative to each other for come into contact with the other controlled shutter 52. The caissons which resume by their stiffness the pressure forces are maintained by the sealing plate. As this sheet is flexible, it follows the movement of the moving parts and warps when coming over at best on the caissons of the shutters to ensure a vein profile smooth aerodynamics. Thus, the arrow that must reach the flexible flap is obtained by an accumulation of small displacements between parts mobile devices (the caissons) and therefore without generating constraints due to the deformation. The lifespan of the shutter is improved accordingly.

Ainsi, le volet suiveur souple de l'invention favorise le déplacement entre caissons pour éviter la contrainte dans les pièces du volet. C'est la juxtaposition des caissons qui leur permet d'être libres de bouger entre eux tout en étant contigus. La tôle d'étanchéité est seulement bridée sur ses bords longitudinaux. Soumis à une pression élevée, chaque caisson vient s'appuyer sur les volets adjacents et la tôle alors faiblement chargée vient se plaquer sur les caissons.Thus, the flexible follower flap of the invention promotes the moving between boxes to avoid stress in the rooms of the shutter. It is the juxtaposition of the caissons that allows them to be free to move between them while being contiguous. Prison sealing is only clamped on its longitudinal edges. Subject to high pressure, each box comes to rely on flaps and the sheet then weakly loaded on the caissons.

Avec cette structure, on répond donc aux besoins antagonistes d'inertie (avec les caissons) et de souplesse (avec la tôle d'étanchéité) et on dissocie les fonctions de tenue en pression et d'étanchéité. Il est en effet réalisé un parfait compromis entre le déplacement relatif entre caissons (pas de contrainte générée) et le niveau de contrainte mécanique résultant des déplacements imposés (effet de torsion du volet). Son application est donc particulièrement recommandée tant aux tuyères à section variable comportant un convergent court que celle munie d'un divergent.With this structure, we respond to antagonistic needs inertia (with the boxes) and flexibility (with the sheet metal sealing) and the pressure-holding functions are separated and sealing. It is indeed realized a perfect compromise between the relative displacement between boxes (no constraint generated) and the level of mechanical stress resulting from imposed displacements (torsion effect of the shutter). Its application is therefore particularly recommended for both variable-section nozzles with a converge short than that provided with a divergent.

Claims (8)

Volet suiveur souple (16) pour tuyère à section variable de turbomachine, interposé entre deux volets commandés adjacents (12, 14) contre lesquels il est maintenu par des moyens d'accrochage (34), caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une pluralité de caissons transversaux indépendants (30) montés cote à cote dans une tôle support (32), les caissons étant en contact par leurs bords longitudinaux relevés (30A) et maintenus dans la tôle support par leurs bords latéraux (30B) qui sont enserrés dans des bords longitudinaux (32A) de la tôle support.Flexible follower flap (16) for turbomachine variable section nozzle, interposed between two adjacent controlled flaps (12, 14) against which it is held by hooking means (34), characterized in that it comprises a plurality of independent transverse boxes (30) mounted side by side in a support plate (32), the boxes being in contact by their raised longitudinal edges (30A) and held in the support plate by their lateral edges (30B) which are enclosed in edges longitudinal (32A) of the support plate. Volet suiveur souple selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que lesdits bords longitudinaux de la tôle support enserrant les bords latéraux des caissons définissent une zone d'appui pour les volets commandés adjacents.Flexible follower flap according to claim 1, characterized in that said longitudinal edges of the support plate enclosing the lateral edges of the boxes define a bearing zone for the adjacent controlled flaps. Volet suiveur souple selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que lesdits bords longitudinaux de la tôle support comportent des entailles de calage pour maintenir en position les caissons transversaux, chaque entaille recevant les extrémités des bords longitudinaux relevés de deux caissons adjacents.Flexible follower flap according to claim 1, characterized in that said longitudinal edges of the support plate comprise wedging notches to maintain in position the transverse boxes, each notch receiving the ends of the longitudinal edges raised two adjacent boxes. Volet suiveur souple selon la revendication 2 ou la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'un caisson (38) de ladite pluralité de caissons transversaux comporte en outre une barrette transversale de maintien (36) destinée à supporter le volet suiveur en position de repos.Flexible follower flap according to claim 2 or claim 3, characterized in that a box (38) of said plurality of transverse boxes further comprises a transverse retaining bar (36) for supporting the follower flap in the rest position. Volet suiveur souple selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que ladite barrette de maintien constitue le bras transversal terminal (38C) d'un court montant (38B) s'étendant radialement depuis un bord longitudinal (30A) dudit caisson transversal. Flexible follower flap according to claim 4, characterized in that said holding bar constitutes the terminal transverse arm (38C) of a short upright (38B) extending radially from a longitudinal edge (30A) of said transverse box. Volet suiveur souple selon la revendication 4 ou la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que ledit caisson transversal est un caisson d'extrémité du volet suiveur.Flexible follower flap according to claim 4 or claim 5, characterized in that said transverse box is an end box of the follower flap. Volet suiveur souple selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ladite tôle support est formée d'une plaque métallique en un matériau relativement souple et résistant à haute température.Flexible follower flap according to claim 1, characterized in that said support sheet is formed of a metal plate of a relatively flexible material and resistant to high temperature. Tuyère à section variable de turbomachine comportant une pluralité de volets suiveurs souples selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7.Turbomachine variable section nozzle having a plurality of flexible follower flaps according to any one of Claims 1 to 7.
EP04291704A 2003-07-08 2004-07-06 Resilient flap for a variable exhaust nozzle of a turbomachine Expired - Lifetime EP1503068B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0308311 2003-07-08
FR0308311A FR2857414B1 (en) 2003-07-08 2003-07-08 FLEXIBLE TUBE PIPE WITH A VARIABLE SECTION OF TURBOMACHINE

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EP1503068A1 true EP1503068A1 (en) 2005-02-02
EP1503068B1 EP1503068B1 (en) 2009-09-09

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EP04291704A Expired - Lifetime EP1503068B1 (en) 2003-07-08 2004-07-06 Resilient flap for a variable exhaust nozzle of a turbomachine

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US (1) US7013650B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1503068B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2005030396A (en)
KR (1) KR20050006073A (en)
CN (1) CN1576519A (en)
CA (1) CA2472878A1 (en)
DE (1) DE602004023035D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2332455T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2857414B1 (en)
RU (1) RU2341673C2 (en)

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EP1674707A1 (en) * 2004-10-26 2006-06-28 Snecma Variable area nozzle with one-piece control lever support for a turbomachine
FR2970519A1 (en) * 2011-01-14 2012-07-20 Snecma Controlled internal flap for variable section tail pipe of turbo shaft engine of military aircraft, has connecting unit extending entirely on side of external face of flap plate such that unit is isolated from propulsion gas by flap plate

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EP1653073A1 (en) * 2004-10-29 2006-05-03 Snecma Variable area nozzle for turbomachine
FR2970519A1 (en) * 2011-01-14 2012-07-20 Snecma Controlled internal flap for variable section tail pipe of turbo shaft engine of military aircraft, has connecting unit extending entirely on side of external face of flap plate such that unit is isolated from propulsion gas by flap plate

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE602004023035D1 (en) 2009-10-22
EP1503068B1 (en) 2009-09-09
US20050022532A1 (en) 2005-02-03
RU2341673C2 (en) 2008-12-20
RU2004120250A (en) 2006-01-10
CN1576519A (en) 2005-02-09
KR20050006073A (en) 2005-01-15
FR2857414A1 (en) 2005-01-14
FR2857414B1 (en) 2007-06-08
CA2472878A1 (en) 2005-01-08
JP2005030396A (en) 2005-02-03
US7013650B2 (en) 2006-03-21
ES2332455T3 (en) 2010-02-05

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