EP1492668A1 - Laminated glass assembly - Google Patents
Laminated glass assemblyInfo
- Publication number
- EP1492668A1 EP1492668A1 EP03722437A EP03722437A EP1492668A1 EP 1492668 A1 EP1492668 A1 EP 1492668A1 EP 03722437 A EP03722437 A EP 03722437A EP 03722437 A EP03722437 A EP 03722437A EP 1492668 A1 EP1492668 A1 EP 1492668A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- interlayer
- sheet
- temperature
- sheets
- calendering
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
- B32B17/10816—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by pressing
- B32B17/10825—Isostatic pressing, i.e. using non rigid pressure-exerting members against rigid parts
- B32B17/10862—Isostatic pressing, i.e. using non rigid pressure-exerting members against rigid parts using pressing-rolls
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
- B32B17/10899—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by introducing interlayers of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10935—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by introducing interlayers of synthetic resin as a preformed layer, e.g. formed by extrusion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
- B32B17/10981—Pre-treatment of the layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
- B32B17/1099—After-treatment of the layered product, e.g. cooling
Definitions
- the invention relates to the assembly of laminated glazing. More particularly, it relates to laminated glazings in which the interlayer sheet is made of a material having the characteristics of materials of the polyvinyl butyral (PVB) type, materials commonly used in the production of these glazings.
- PVB polyvinyl butyral
- the previously cut interlayer sheet is placed between the two glass sheets.
- a preliminary step is then carried out in which the interlayer sheet and the glass sheets are immobilized in position relative to one another before carrying out a treatment comprising a significant rise in temperature.
- Another compulsory step is that of eliminating the air which remains between the leaves.
- the next step is to glue the sheets together. It is during this stage that the sheets are joined uniformly over their entire surface. It is also in this stage that the glazing acquires its transparency. Subsequent finishes may include a release of the interlayer sheet if this has not been done previously.
- the last step is practically carried out in all cases at a temperature of 100 to 150 ° C. and under pressure in an autoclave, to ensure perfect contact between the glass sheets on the one hand, and the interlayer thermoplastic sheet on the other hand.
- the previous steps give way to a certain diversity of treatment. It is thus proposed to constitute the stabilized and degassed laminate, by subjecting the assembly to a high vacuum applied in particular from the periphery.
- This technique if it leads to good results is relatively difficult to implement. It requires heavy installations, and the processing time is relatively long. For this reason, the implementation of this technique is limited in practice to assemblies which cannot be conveniently produced otherwise. This is for example the formation of laminated glazing whose geometry is particularly complex.
- Another type of technique proposes to carry out the provisional assembly by calendering of previously superimposed sheets.
- This calendering is all the easier since the bending of the sheets is more restricted and, in particular, that it is limited to one direction.
- Recent advances in this area such as the possibility of varying the profile of the calendering rollers during the treatment of a single piece to conform at all points to the transverse curvature of the treated glazing, make it possible to increase the capacity of this mode of treatment without sacrificing the essential advantages of high throughput and relatively low cost of maintaining the installation.
- Calendering is normally carried out in two stages.
- the temperature is deliberately limited. This is indeed to expel the air and begin stabilization of the interlayer. At this stage it is necessary to avoid sealing the edges of the glazing, an operation which would no longer allow the air still trapped in the irregularities of the surface of the interlayer material to be adequately removed.
- the operation is carried out at a relatively high temperature so that the softening of the intermediate material, consecutive to a higher temperature, makes it possible to seal the edges, thus preventing the subsequent re-entry of air, when the pressure is no longer exerted.
- the synthetic material has a certain elasticity. This property is taken advantage of in the assembly process. Thanks to this elasticity, the interlayer sheet conforms to the geometry of the glass sheets which, as we have indicated, often have complex shapes. The elasticity also means that in the rolls of interlayer material, the sheet is usually in slightly stretched form.
- the PVB rolls are also stored under precise temperature and humidity conditions. It is necessary to do this to prevent the turns from sticking together.
- the storage temperature is thus between 6 and 10 ° C.
- Another solution to avoid this sticking consists in rolling up a strip of paper or of suitable plastic material at the same time as that of PVB, this strip thus separating each turn from the next.
- the use of these “interleaved” rollers is nevertheless very restrictive, in particular for operations after storage. For this reason, refrigerated storage is generally preferred.
- the practice is generally to cut the intermediate sheet with a non-negligible excess compared to the dimensions of the glass sheets. This excess is, for example, around ten millimeters.
- the sheets After the unwinding and cutting of the PVB, and possibly the stretching of the sheets, the sheets are normally relaxed in order to allow them to regain a certain stability as has been indicated above. This results in storage of the sheets which is all the more delicate since it must be well controlled. It must be long enough to ensure adequate relaxation, and not too long, too long storage at room temperature having the effect of causing the sheets to stick together. This storage must also be carried out in dust-free rooms while maintaining a certain humidity. All of these add to the cost of production.
- the invention proposes to improve the processes used to assemble laminated glazing, by eliminating at least some of the constraints set out above.
- the interlayer material of the PVB type is unrolled, cut into pieces which are immediately placed between the two sheets of glass, and stabilized between these sheets by calendering at a similar temperature. of ambient temperature, temperature which does not exceed 35 ° C.
- the glass sheets are subjected to stresses mainly in the direction of their thickness. A certain component of these forces can however appear in the direction of progression of the leaves. For this reason, and to prevent any risk of the sheets moving relative to one another, it is advantageous to stabilize them before subjecting them to calendering.
- the pressure exerted to ensure punctual "sticking" is advantageously of the order of 20 to 60 kg / cm 2 .
- the invention aims to limit as much as possible the initial operations on the intermediate material, and in particular the operations which affect the dimensions of the sheet. These include overcoming the need for relaxation of the sheet after unrolling and cutting, an operation which requires relatively long storage under restrictive conditions. It is also, with regard to the most usual practice, to eliminate stretching and its consequences on the relaxation stage.
- the practice of relaxation usually results in storing the cut sheets for 24 hours to integrate comfortably into the rhythms of industrial production.
- the interval between the moment when the interlayer material is unrolled, and that when the cut sheet introduced between the two glass sheets is stabilized by calendering at room temperature is as short as possible. It is advantageously less than 3 hours and can be brought to half an hour or even less in continuous productions, the ideal being to ensure that operations succeed one another without interruption. In this latter hypothesis, the time separating the unwinding of the interlayer from its placement between the sheets of glass can be only a few minutes.
- the skinning it is advantageous to perform the skinning as soon as the interlayer sheet is fixed between the glass sheets, after the first calendering. At this stage the edges of the interlayer sheet extending beyond the glass sheets are not folded down. They also have a certain resistance to bending which facilitates cutting. Given the way in which the interlayer is presented, the skinning can be accomplished in an automated manner.
- the appearance is appreciably smoother than for the products of which the skinning is carried out after passage through the autoclave as will be indicated in more detail with the aid of the figures.
- the assembly leaving the calendering at room temperature is largely degassed. It is then advantageously permanently degassed and fixed by a calendering at a higher temperature to seal the edges and avoid the possible re-penetration of air by the edges of the glazing.
- a calendering is carried out at a temperature below that of the melting of the material.
- the temperature is advantageously between 75 and 110 ° C.
- the next operation is that corresponding to pressure melting.
- this operation is carried out at temperatures between 120 and 150 ° C. under a pressure of the order of 10 to 16 ⁇ 10 5 Pa. This operation is advantageously carried out in a simple autoclave.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a set of steps for implementing a method of producing laminated glazing according to the invention
- FIG. 2 are different schematic views showing the behavior of the edge of the interlayer sheet according to the conditions of blasting.
- FIG. 1 corresponds to the preparation of a laminated windshield comprising two paired curved glass sheets, and an interlayer constituted for example by a PVB sheet 0.76 mm thick.
- the first step consists, starting from the interlayer roll 1, leaving its refrigerated storage at 8 ° C., to unroll and cut a sheet 2, of shape and dimensions corresponding to those of the glass sheets, with slightly larger dimensions.
- the unwinding is carried out without traction on the interlayer.
- the cuts are made, generally upside down, the large dimensions extending in the length of the roll, and reversing the direction of the pieces with each cutting. .
- the cut PVB pieces are immediately introduced between the two glass sheets and passed to calendering at room temperature, as shown in diagram 3.
- the sheets can be immobilized relative to one another to prevent them from sliding, by a pressing operation at two points located in the central part of the glazing.
- the points are well spaced to offer good resistance to the forces which in calendering would have the effect of rotating the sheets.
- the pressing points are spaced apart by a fraction of the largest dimension of the glazing, which is advantageously not less than one fifth of this dimension.
- the device used is of the type comprising a multiplicity of rollers aligned on the same axis which can be arched to take account of the transverse curvature of the windshield.
- This type of calendering is limited to assemblies which have a reduced transverse curvature and practically constant over the entire length. In the case where the curvature is greater and / or is not constant, the devices are more complex.
- the profile of the set of rollers must adapt to correspond at all times to the curvature of the glass in a determined transverse. As indicated above, this type of instantaneous adaptation of the device to the variable curvature when the glass sheet passes by, is currently produced by means of series of rollers independent of each other, the relative position of which is adjusted by digital control means. .
- the pressure exerted by the calendering is of the order of 40 kg cm 2 .
- the assembly resulting from calendering is in condition to be signed, its stability being sufficient.
- the edge 5 of the interlayer protruding from the glass sheets 4 is rigid enough not to fall back. It therefore does not stick to the glass sheets and can be conveniently cut, advantageously automatically or robotically.
- the assembly is heated in an oven at a temperature leading to a softening of the interlayer, without reaching that of complete melting.
- the temperature should allow the edges to be bonded in the next step.
- a typical temperature is between 75 and 110 ° C, and most often between 85 and 90 ° C.
- the assembly brought to this temperature is immediately subjected to a second calendering schematized at 7.
- this calendering the edges are subjected to a pressure slightly greater than that exerted on the rest of the sheet, to guarantee a bonding of these which prohibits subsequent entry of air.
- the trapped residual air is expelled.
- the direction of calendering is advantageously opposite to that of the first calendering operation.
- the interlayer material must then be brought to high temperature and under pressure.
- the operation is carried out, as shown schematically in 8, in an autoclave.
- the highest temperature during treatment is 120 to 160 ° C, and the pressure can reach from 10 to 16.10 5 .Pa.
- the initial cutting of the interlayer sheet is such that it exceeds the limits of the glass sheets.
- the initial cut leaves an edge 14 which can have certain irregularities both in the direction of the thickness of the sheet and in that of the plane thereof.
- the dimensional excess of the interlayer is chosen so as to prevent any shrinkage which would lead the interlayer to dimensions smaller than those of the glass sheets, shrinkage which may appear in particular when exposed to heat during the baking of the laminated assembly.
- the excess size is a function of the risk of withdrawal. The latter is all the more important as the sheet will have been subjected to stretching at the start of the process.
- the interlayer sheet overflows the glass sheets by about ten millimeters.
- FIG. 2b schematically presents the appearance of the end of the intermediate sheet after passage through the oven leading to the softening of this sheet.
- the softening is such that the profile of the edge of the interlayer is modified. Smaller irregularities dissipate to give a smoother profile 15.
- the end of the sheet is presented as in the same plane as the part of this sheet taken between the two sheets of glass.
- the interlayer sheet passed in the oven tends to bend under its own weight, and if necessary to come stick to the edge of the lower glass sheet.
- the rest of the operations necessarily include the removal of the excess of the interlayer.
- this operation is done by cutting using a blade passed along the glass sheets.
- the operation is inconvenient, in particular because of the possible bonding of the interlayer on the end of the underlying glass sheet. This difficulty often leads to having to perform this operation manually.
- FIG. 2c schematically illustrates the type of profile of the final glazing when the skinning is carried out after baking.
- the edge of the interlayer sheet is relatively irregular, which is not entirely satisfactory in terms of the final appearance, but which in addition may be accompanied by defects linked to the forces exerted on this interlayer after assembly. .
Landscapes
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BE2002/0251A BE1014750A3 (en) | 2002-04-09 | 2002-04-09 | Laminated glazing assembly. |
BE200200251 | 2002-04-09 | ||
PCT/EP2003/003704 WO2003084744A1 (en) | 2002-04-09 | 2003-04-09 | Laminated glass assembly |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1492668A1 true EP1492668A1 (en) | 2005-01-05 |
Family
ID=28679615
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03722437A Withdrawn EP1492668A1 (en) | 2002-04-09 | 2003-04-09 | Laminated glass assembly |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1492668A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2003229635A1 (en) |
BE (1) | BE1014750A3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2003084744A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN115243885B (en) | 2020-01-16 | 2023-11-10 | 旭硝子欧洲玻璃公司 | Arch shoulder plate |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2622143A1 (en) * | 1987-10-26 | 1989-04-28 | Saint Gobain Vitrage | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR TREATING EXTRUDED POLYVINYLBUTYRAL SHEET AND SHEET OBTAINED |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2442122A1 (en) * | 1978-11-23 | 1980-06-20 | Saint Gobain | Cutter for trimming plastic coatings or film supported by rigid sheet - esp. for mfr. of multilayer windscreens resistant to peripheral delamination |
DE19622566C1 (en) * | 1996-06-05 | 1997-11-20 | Sekurit Saint Gobain Deutsch | Method for producing an IR-reflective laminated glass pane for motor vehicles |
-
2002
- 2002-04-09 BE BE2002/0251A patent/BE1014750A3/en active
-
2003
- 2003-04-09 AU AU2003229635A patent/AU2003229635A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-04-09 WO PCT/EP2003/003704 patent/WO2003084744A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-04-09 EP EP03722437A patent/EP1492668A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2622143A1 (en) * | 1987-10-26 | 1989-04-28 | Saint Gobain Vitrage | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR TREATING EXTRUDED POLYVINYLBUTYRAL SHEET AND SHEET OBTAINED |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of WO03084744A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2003229635A1 (en) | 2003-10-20 |
WO2003084744A1 (en) | 2003-10-16 |
BE1014750A3 (en) | 2004-03-02 |
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