EP1485205A1 - Helical conveyor centrifuge - Google Patents

Helical conveyor centrifuge

Info

Publication number
EP1485205A1
EP1485205A1 EP03709804A EP03709804A EP1485205A1 EP 1485205 A1 EP1485205 A1 EP 1485205A1 EP 03709804 A EP03709804 A EP 03709804A EP 03709804 A EP03709804 A EP 03709804A EP 1485205 A1 EP1485205 A1 EP 1485205A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ring
rotor
centrifuge according
screw
screw centrifuge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP03709804A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1485205B1 (en
Inventor
Frank Gillengerten
Günter Haider
Robert Wagenbauer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hiller GmbH
Original Assignee
Hiller GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hiller GmbH filed Critical Hiller GmbH
Publication of EP1485205A1 publication Critical patent/EP1485205A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1485205B1 publication Critical patent/EP1485205B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
    • B03B5/28—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation
    • B03B5/30—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation using heavy liquids or suspensions
    • B03B5/32—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation using heavy liquids or suspensions using centrifugal force
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • B04B1/20—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles discharging solid particles from the bowl by a conveying screw coaxial with the bowl axis and rotating relatively to the bowl
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • B04B1/20—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles discharging solid particles from the bowl by a conveying screw coaxial with the bowl axis and rotating relatively to the bowl
    • B04B2001/2041—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles discharging solid particles from the bowl by a conveying screw coaxial with the bowl axis and rotating relatively to the bowl with baffles, plates, vanes or discs attached to the conveying screw

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a screw centrifuge for the wet mechanical separation of solid mixtures according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a wet centrifuge is known, for example, from EP-A 1 020 227.
  • One of the two counter-rotating screws of the screw conveyor conveys the sediment thrown to the drum shell of the rotor to the discharge openings formed at one end of the rotor, while the other screw does so on the carrier liquid Floating, lighter floating material promotes to the discharge openings at the other conical end of the rotor.
  • the liquid level of the carrier liquid is constant over the entire rotor length.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a screw centrifuge of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1, in which it is possible to achieve mutually independent moisture contents for the sinking material and for the floating material.
  • this object is achieved in that a radially inwardly projecting stowage device is arranged on the rotor for producing a different liquid level for the sinking material and the floating material.
  • a sorting decanter is available that is practically composed of two decanters coupled to one another, with the heavier sink material being discharged in one decanter, while the lighter floating material is separated out in the other decanter. The two decanters are separated from each other by the stowage device that projects inwards.
  • the screw centrifuge according to the invention is particularly suitable for separating plastics of different densities which are suspended in the carrier liquid, for example PVC or PA and PP.
  • the stowage device consists of a retaining ring which leaves an annular gap to the shaft of the screw conveyor and behind which at least one overflow pipe for the carrier liquid is arranged in the conveying direction for the float, the radially inward inlet opening of which leaves a distance from the shaft of the screw conveyor.
  • the overflow tube is radially adjustable to adjust the distance.
  • the liquid level in the area of the screw for the discharge of the floating material can be set, whereby the length of the drying section for the floating material before the discharge and thus the residual moisture content of the floating material can be predetermined.
  • the retaining ring has a channel profile which is U-shaped in longitudinal section and encompasses the overflow tube, consisting of a radial ring fastened to the rotor wall, a transition piece forming the channel profile base and an adjoining barrier wall, the free end of which has a small radial distance to the rotor wall.
  • means for adjusting the annular gap are assigned to the storage ring.
  • a longer drying section here also means a longer dwell time before discharge and thus a lower residual moisture content of the sediment.
  • FIG. 2 shows an enlarged detail of area S of FIG. 1 with the stowage device
  • FIG. 4 shows a variant of FIG. 2
  • FIG. 5 shows a section in the plane V-V of FIG. 4,
  • FIG. 6 shows a variant of FIG. 4,
  • FIG. 7 shows a section in the plane VII-VII of FIG. 6,
  • Figure 8 shows a variant of Figure 6
  • the screw centrifuge has a rotor 10 which is composed of a central, cylindrical drum 12 and two conical drums 14 and 16 which are firmly connected to it. Two roller bearings 18 are used to mount the rotor 10 in a housing (not shown).
  • a pulley 20 for rotating the rotor 10 about its horizontal axis 24 and a gear 22 are indicated.
  • a screw conveyor 26 is mounted in the rotor 10 and is driven via the gear 22 at a different speed than the rotor 10 about the same axis 24.
  • the screw conveyor 26 consists of a hollow shaft 28 on which two counter-rotating screws 30 and 32 are attached. The helix 34 of each of the two screws 30, 32 have openings 36 in the region of the shaft 28.
  • the mixture to be separated and suspended in a carrier liquid is fed in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 1 by means of a standing or rotating feed tube (not shown) through the hollow shaft 28 into a chamber 38 which is formed in the central region of the shaft 28 and lead from the radial openings 40 into the space between the screw conveyor 26 and the rotor 10.
  • discharge openings 42 are provided for the light phase (floating material), which are incorporated in a ring shape in the drum wall.
  • discharge openings 44 for the heavy phase (sediment) are worked into the end of the conical drum 16 opposite.
  • baffle plate 46 is fastened in the area of the cylindrical drum 12, which prevents the floating material from mixing back with the suspension.
  • a radially inwardly projecting stowage device 48 is fastened to the rotor 10 and, in the exemplary embodiments, is arranged at the transition from the cylindrical drum 12 to the conical drum 14 on the left in FIG.
  • the storage device 48 has the effect that a different liquid level 50 is generated for the floating material which is discharged via the discharge openings 42 than for the sinking material (liquid level 52) which support openings 44 is secreted at the right end of the rotor 10.
  • the stowage device 48 consists of a baffle ring, generally designated 54, which has a channel profile which is U-shaped in longitudinal section. This channel profile is composed of a ring 56 which is fastened to the rotor wall 58 and protrudes radially inward therefrom, an axial transition piece 60 which forms the channel profile base and an adjoining barrier wall 62 which projects obliquely from the transition piece 60. An annular gap 64 is present between the transition piece 60 and the shaft 28 of the screw 30. The free end of the barrier wall 62 leaves a small radial distance 66 to the rotor wall 58 free.
  • FIGS. 2, 4, 6 and 8 show that in the area of the retaining ring 54 on the rotor wall 58 four overflow tubes 68 are attached, which open into the U-shaped channel profile of the retaining ring 54 with their radially inward-pointing inlet openings 70.
  • the overflow tube 68 can be adjusted in the radial direction by means not shown, which is indicated in FIGS. 2, 4, 6 and 8 by double arrows.
  • the retaining ring 54 is firmly connected to the rotor wall 58 and has a bevel 72 in the region between the ring 56 and the transition piece 60.
  • the suspension to be separated passes through the openings 40 of the hollow shaft 28 into the area of the cylindrical drum 12, where the liquid level 52 is determined by the annular gap 64, ie by the Distance of the transition piece 60 from the shaft 28 of the screw conveyor 26.
  • the specifically heavier solid parts are thrown against the rotor wall 58 due to the centrifugal force exerted by the rotor 10, while the specifically slightly Float solid particles on the surface of the liquid level 52.
  • the screw 32 transports the heavy phase (sediment) in FIG. 1 to the right in the direction of the discharge openings 44.
  • a more or less long drying section 74 is formed at the end of the conical drum 16, at the beginning of which the solid parts lifted from the carrier liquid by the screw 32 and conveyed along this drying section 74 to the discharge openings 44.
  • the specifically lighter floating material which floats on the liquid level 52 is conveyed via the radially smaller screw 30 in the opposite direction to the annular gap 64, the bevel 72 of the retaining ring 54 supporting the overflow of the floating material into the left conical drum 14.
  • the liquid level 50 depends on the distance between the inlet opening 70 of the overflow tube 68 and the shaft 28 of the screw conveyor 26. If the overflow tube 68, starting from the example in FIG. 2, is adjusted radially outward, a part of the carrier liquid flows out through the overflow tube 68 until the new liquid level 50 is reached. As a result, the drying section 76 in the conical drum 14 on the left in FIG. 1 is increased, independently of the liquid level 52 for the sink material. Conversely, this drying section 76 is reduced when the overflow tube 68 is adjusted radially inwards.
  • the annular gap 64 is closed off by an orifice 78 which has an orifice ring 80 which is formed in one piece with the ring 56 and extends radially from the ring 56 to the outer surface of the shaft 28 of the screw conveyor 26.
  • overflow windows 82 are incorporated, evenly distributed over the circumference, the openings of which can be enlarged or reduced by weir plates 84.
  • the weir plates 84 are radially adjustable from the outside by means not shown, so that the liquid level 52 in the cylindrical drum 12 and in the right-hand conical drum 16 is determined by the radial inner edge of the weir plates 84.
  • the diaphragm 78 consists of two annular disks which can be rotated relative to one another, namely the diaphragm ring 80, which is also firmly connected to the ring 56 here, and an annular disk 86 located in the overflow direction, which is coupled to the screw conveyor 30 in a manner not shown and circulates with it.
  • the aperture ring 80 has overflow windows 82; Similar overflow windows 88 are incorporated into the annular disk 86 rotating with the screw 30, so that when the screw 30 rotates, the floating material flows pulsating through the annular gap 64 into the conical drum 14.
  • the diaphragm 78 likewise consists of two ring disks which can be rotated relative to one another, namely the diaphragm ring 80 and the ring disk 86 axially located in the conveying direction and which is attached to the ring 56.
  • Both discs have overflow windows 82, 88 on their radial inner edge, which are triangular here and determine the throughflow opening for the floating material into the conical drum 14 as a function of their overlap.
  • the annular disc 86 can be adjusted against the aperture ring 80, which is already done during the assembly of the centrifuge.

Landscapes

  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)

Abstract

A screw centrifuge for the wet-mechanical separation of a mixture of solids in a carrier liquid to produce sinks and floats, including a rotor which rotates about a horizontal axis, the rotor having a cylindrical wall and two conical walls, and a conveyor screw which is mounted for rotation coaxially inside the rotor, the conveyor screw including a shaft and a pair of helical blades which are pitched in opposite directions. At least one feed opening is provided in the shaft for feeding a mixture of solids radially into a space between the shaft and the rotor, and discharge openings for respective sinks and floats are provided in the rotor at respective ends of respective conical drums. A baffle device extends radially inward from the rotor for producing a first liquid level for the sinks and a second liquid level for the floats.

Description

Schneckenzentrifuge screw centrifuge
Beschreibungdescription
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Schneckenzentrifuge zur naßmechanischen Trennung von Feststoffgemischen nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a screw centrifuge for the wet mechanical separation of solid mixtures according to the preamble of claim 1.
Eine derartige Naßzentrifuge ist beispielsweise bekannt aus EP-A 1 020 227. Die eine der beiden gegenläufigen Schnecken der Förderschnecke fördert das zum Trommelmantel des Rotors geschleuderte Sinkgut zu den an einem Ende des Rotors ausgebildeten Austragsöffnungen, während die andere Schnecke das auf der Träger- flüssigkeit aufschwimmende, leichtere Schwimmgut zu den Austragsöffnungen am anderen konischen Ende des Rotors fördert. Der Flüssigkeitsspiegel der Trägerflüssigkeit ist über die gesamte Rotorlänge konstant.Such a wet centrifuge is known, for example, from EP-A 1 020 227. One of the two counter-rotating screws of the screw conveyor conveys the sediment thrown to the drum shell of the rotor to the discharge openings formed at one end of the rotor, while the other screw does so on the carrier liquid Floating, lighter floating material promotes to the discharge openings at the other conical end of the rotor. The liquid level of the carrier liquid is constant over the entire rotor length.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Schneckenzentrifuge der im Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 angegebenen Gattung zur Verfügung zu stellen, bei der es möglich ist, für das Sinkgut und für das Schwimmgut voneinander unabhängige Feuchtigkeitsgehalte zu erzielen.The invention has for its object to provide a screw centrifuge of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1, in which it is possible to achieve mutually independent moisture contents for the sinking material and for the floating material.
Nach dem Kennzeichen des Patentanspruchs 1 wird diese Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß am Rotor eine radial nach innen ragende Staueinrichtung zur Erzeugung eines unterschiedlichen Flüssigkeitsspiegels für das Sinkgut und das Schwimmgut angeordnet ist. Mit dieser Lösung steht ein Sortierdekanter zur Verfügung, der praktisch aus zwei miteinander gekoppelten Dekantern zusammengesetzt ist, wobei in dem einen Dekanter das schwerere Sinkgut ausgetragen wird, während in dem anderen Dekanter das leichtere Schwimmgut abgesondert wird. Die beiden Dekanter sind hierbei durch die nach innen ragende Staueinrichtung gegeneinader abgegrenzt .According to the characterizing part of claim 1, this object is achieved in that a radially inwardly projecting stowage device is arranged on the rotor for producing a different liquid level for the sinking material and the floating material. With this solution, a sorting decanter is available that is practically composed of two decanters coupled to one another, with the heavier sink material being discharged in one decanter, while the lighter floating material is separated out in the other decanter. The two decanters are separated from each other by the stowage device that projects inwards.
Die Schneckenzentrifuge gemäß der Erfindung eignet sich insbesondere zum Trennen von Kunststoffen unterschiedlicher Dichte, die in der Trägerflüssigkeit suspendiert sind, beispielsweise PVC oder PA und PP.The screw centrifuge according to the invention is particularly suitable for separating plastics of different densities which are suspended in the carrier liquid, for example PVC or PA and PP.
In Weiterbildung der Erfindung besteht die Staueinrichtung aus einem Stauring, der einen Ringspalt zur Welle der Förderschnecke freiläßt und hinter dem in Förderrichtung für das Schwimmgut wenigstens ein Überlaufrohr für die Trägerflüssigkeit angeordnet ist, dessen radial nach innen weisende Eintrittsöffnung einen Abstand zur Welle der Förderschnecke freiläßt.In a further development of the invention, the stowage device consists of a retaining ring which leaves an annular gap to the shaft of the screw conveyor and behind which at least one overflow pipe for the carrier liquid is arranged in the conveying direction for the float, the radially inward inlet opening of which leaves a distance from the shaft of the screw conveyor.
Dabei ist es besonders vorteilhaft, wenn das Überlaufröhr zur Einstellung des Abstandes radial verstellbar ist. Auf diese Weise kann der Flüssigkeitsspiegel im Bereich der Schnecke für den Austrag des Schwimmgutes eingestellt werden, wodurch die Länge der Trockenstrecke für das Schwimmgut vor dem Austrag und damit der Restfeuchtegehalt des Schwimmgutes vorgegeben werden kann.It is particularly advantageous if the overflow tube is radially adjustable to adjust the distance. In this way, the liquid level in the area of the screw for the discharge of the floating material can be set, whereby the length of the drying section for the floating material before the discharge and thus the residual moisture content of the floating material can be predetermined.
In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung hat der Stauring ein im Längsschnitt U-förmiges, das Überlaufröhr umgreifendes Rinnenprofil, bestehend aus einem an der Rotorwand befestigten, radialen Ring, einem den Rinnenprofilgrund bildenden Übergangsstück und einer sich daran anschließenden Sperrwand, deren freies Ende einen geringen radialen Abstand zur Rotorwand freiläßt. Zur Weiterbildung dieses Merkmals sind dem Stauring Mittel zur Einstellung des Ringspaltes zugeordnet . ' In a further embodiment of the invention, the retaining ring has a channel profile which is U-shaped in longitudinal section and encompasses the overflow tube, consisting of a radial ring fastened to the rotor wall, a transition piece forming the channel profile base and an adjoining barrier wall, the free end of which has a small radial distance to the rotor wall. To further develop this feature, means for adjusting the annular gap are assigned to the storage ring. '
Auf diese Weise ist es möglich, auch den Flüssigkeitsspiegel für das Sinkgut vorzugeben, um die Trockenstrecke für die aus der Trägerflüssigkeit ausgehobene, schwere Phase vor deren Eintritt in die Austragsöffnungen zu verändern. Eine längere Trockenstrecke bedeutet hier ebenfalls eine längere Verweildauer vor dem Austrag und damit einen geringeren Restfeuchtegehalt des Sinkgutes .In this way, it is also possible to specify the liquid level for the sink material in order to change the drying section for the heavy phase extracted from the carrier liquid before it enters the discharge openings. A longer drying section here also means a longer dwell time before discharge and thus a lower residual moisture content of the sediment.
Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Patentansprüchen und aus der folgenden Beschreibung von Ausführungsbeispielen, die in der Zeichnung dargestellt sind. Es zeigen:Further features and advantages of the invention emerge from the patent claims and from the following description of exemplary embodiments which are illustrated in the drawing. Show it:
Figur 1 einen Längsschnitt durch die obere Hälfte einer1 shows a longitudinal section through the upper half of a
Schneckenzentrifuge gemäß der Erfindung,Screw centrifuge according to the invention,
Figur 2 eine vergrößerte Ausschnittsdarstellung des Bereiches S der Figur 1 mit der Staueinrichtung,FIG. 2 shows an enlarged detail of area S of FIG. 1 with the stowage device,
Figur 3 einen Vertikalschnitt in der Ebene III-III der Figur 2,3 shows a vertical section in the plane III-III of FIG. 2,
Figur 4 eine Variante der Figur 2 ,FIG. 4 shows a variant of FIG. 2,
Figur 5 einen Schnitt in der Ebene V-V der Figur 4,FIG. 5 shows a section in the plane V-V of FIG. 4,
Figur 6 eine Variante der Figur 4 ,FIG. 6 shows a variant of FIG. 4,
Figur 7 einen Schnitt in der Ebene VII-VII der Figur 6,FIG. 7 shows a section in the plane VII-VII of FIG. 6,
Figur 8 eine Variante der Figur 6 undFigure 8 shows a variant of Figure 6 and
Figur 9 einen Schnitt in der Ebene IX- IX der Figur 8.9 shows a section in the plane IX-IX of FIG. 8.
Wie Figur 1 zeigt, hat die Schneckenzentrifuge einen Rotor 10, der aus einer mittleren, zylindrischen Trommel 12 und zwei fest damit verbundenen, konischen Trommeln 14 und 16 zusammengesetzt ist. Zur Lagerung des Rotors 10 in einem nicht dargestellten Gehäuse dienen zwei Wälzlager 18. Im rechten Teil der Figur 1 sind eine Riemenscheibe 20 für den Drehantrieb des Rotors 10 um seine horizontale Achse 24 sowie ein Getriebe 22 angedeutet. In dem Rotor 10 ist eine Förderschnecke 26 gelagert, die über das Getriebe 22 mit einer gegenüber dem Rotor 10 unterschiedlichen Drehzahl um dieselbe Achse 24 angetrieben wird. Die Förderschnecke 26 besteht aus einer hohlen Welle 28, auf der zwei gegenläufige Schnecken 30 und 32 angebracht sind. Die Wendel 34 jeder der beiden Schnecken 30, 32 haben im Bereich der Welle 28 Öffnungen 36.As FIG. 1 shows, the screw centrifuge has a rotor 10 which is composed of a central, cylindrical drum 12 and two conical drums 14 and 16 which are firmly connected to it. Two roller bearings 18 are used to mount the rotor 10 in a housing (not shown). In the right part of FIG. 1, a pulley 20 for rotating the rotor 10 about its horizontal axis 24 and a gear 22 are indicated. A screw conveyor 26 is mounted in the rotor 10 and is driven via the gear 22 at a different speed than the rotor 10 about the same axis 24. The screw conveyor 26 consists of a hollow shaft 28 on which two counter-rotating screws 30 and 32 are attached. The helix 34 of each of the two screws 30, 32 have openings 36 in the region of the shaft 28.
Die Zufuhr des zu trennenden, in einer Trägerflüssigkeit suspendierten Gemisches erfolgt in Richtung des Pfeiles A der Figur 1 mittels eines nicht dargestellten, stehenden oder rotierenden Aufgaberohres durch die hohle Welle 28 hindurch in eine Kammer 38, die im mittleren Bereich der Welle 28 ausgebildet ist und von der radiale Öffnungen 40 in den Raum zwischen Förderschnecke 26 und Rotor 10 führen.The mixture to be separated and suspended in a carrier liquid is fed in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 1 by means of a standing or rotating feed tube (not shown) through the hollow shaft 28 into a chamber 38 which is formed in the central region of the shaft 28 and lead from the radial openings 40 into the space between the screw conveyor 26 and the rotor 10.
Am Ende der in Figur 1 linken konischen Trommel 14 sind Austragsöffnungen 42 für die leichte Phase (Schwimmgut) vorgesehen, die ringförmig in die Trommelwand eingearbeitet sind. Entsprechende Austragsöffnungen 44 für die schwere Phase (Sinkgut) sind in das Ende der gegenüberliegenden konischen Trommel 16 eingearbeitet .At the end of the conical drum 14 on the left in FIG. 1, discharge openings 42 are provided for the light phase (floating material), which are incorporated in a ring shape in the drum wall. Corresponding discharge openings 44 for the heavy phase (sediment) are worked into the end of the conical drum 16 opposite.
Auf der Welle 28 der Förderschnecke 26 ist im Bereich der zylindrischen Trommel 12 eine Stauscheibe 46 befestigt, die eine Rückmischung des Schwimmgutes mit der Suspension verhindert.On the shaft 28 of the screw conveyor 26, a baffle plate 46 is fastened in the area of the cylindrical drum 12, which prevents the floating material from mixing back with the suspension.
Gemäß der Erfindung ist am Rotor 10 eine radial nach innen ragende Staueinrichtung 48 befestigt, die in den Ausführungs- beispielen am Übergang der zylindrischen Trommel 12 in die in Figur 1 linke konische Trommel 14 angeordnet ist. Die Staueinrichtung 48 bewirkt in der nachstehend erläuterten Weise, daß für das Schwimmgut, welches über die Austragsöffnungen 42 abgegeben wird, ein anderer Flüssigkeitsspiegel 50 als für das Sinkgut erzeugt wird (Flüssigkeitsspiegel 52) , das über die Aus- tragsöffnungen 44 am rechten Ende des Rotors 10 abgesondert wird.According to the invention, a radially inwardly projecting stowage device 48 is fastened to the rotor 10 and, in the exemplary embodiments, is arranged at the transition from the cylindrical drum 12 to the conical drum 14 on the left in FIG. In the manner explained below, the storage device 48 has the effect that a different liquid level 50 is generated for the floating material which is discharged via the discharge openings 42 than for the sinking material (liquid level 52) which support openings 44 is secreted at the right end of the rotor 10.
Die Staueinrichtung 48 besteht aus einem insgesamt mit 54 bezeichneten Stauring, der ein im Längsschnitt U-förmiges Rinnenprofil hat. Dieses Rinnenprofil setzt sich zusammen aus einem Ring 56, der an der Rotorwand 58 befestigt ist und radial von dieser nach innen absteht, einem den Rinnenprofilgrund bildenden, axialen Übergangsstück 60 und einer sich daran anschließenden Sperrwand 62, die von dem Übergangsstück 60 schräg verlaufend absteht. Zwischen dem Übergangsstück 60 und der Welle 28 der Schnecke 30 ist ein Ringspalt 64 vorhanden. Das freie Ende der Sperrwand 62 läßt einen geringen radialen Abstand 66 zur Rotorwand 58 frei.The stowage device 48 consists of a baffle ring, generally designated 54, which has a channel profile which is U-shaped in longitudinal section. This channel profile is composed of a ring 56 which is fastened to the rotor wall 58 and protrudes radially inward therefrom, an axial transition piece 60 which forms the channel profile base and an adjoining barrier wall 62 which projects obliquely from the transition piece 60. An annular gap 64 is present between the transition piece 60 and the shaft 28 of the screw 30. The free end of the barrier wall 62 leaves a small radial distance 66 to the rotor wall 58 free.
Die Figuren 2 und 3 zeigen, daß im Bereich des Stauringes 54 an der Rotorwand 58 vier Überlaufröhre 68 angebracht sind, die mit ihren radial nach innen weisenden Eintrittsöffnungen 70 in das U-förmige Rinnenprofil des Stauringes 54 münden. Die Überlauf- röhre 68 sind durch nicht weiter dargestellte Einrichtungen in radialer Richtung verstellbar, was in den Figuren 2, 4, 6 und 8 durch Doppelpfeile angedeutet ist.Figures 2 and 3 show that in the area of the retaining ring 54 on the rotor wall 58 four overflow tubes 68 are attached, which open into the U-shaped channel profile of the retaining ring 54 with their radially inward-pointing inlet openings 70. The overflow tube 68 can be adjusted in the radial direction by means not shown, which is indicated in FIGS. 2, 4, 6 and 8 by double arrows.
Im Ausführungsbeispiel der Figuren 1 bis 3 ist der Stauring 54 fest mit der Rotorwand 58 verbunden und hat im Bereich zwischen dem Ring 56 und dem Übergangsstück 60 eine Abschrägung 72.In the exemplary embodiment in FIGS. 1 to 3, the retaining ring 54 is firmly connected to the rotor wall 58 and has a bevel 72 in the region between the ring 56 and the transition piece 60.
Wie bereits erwähnt, gelangt die zu trennende Suspension, beispielsweise unterschiedlich schwere Kunststoffteile in einer Trägerflüssigkeit, über die Öffnungen 40 der hohlen Welle 28 in den Bereich der zylindrischen Trommel 12, wo der Flüssigkeits- spiegel 52 durch den Ringspalt 64 bestimmt wird, d. h. durch den Abstand des Übergangsstücks 60 von der Welle 28 der Förderschnecke 26. Die spezifisch schwereren Feststoffteile werden aufgrund der durch den Rotor 10 ausgeübten Zentrifugalkraft gegen die Rotorwand 58 geschleudert, während die spezifisch leich- teren Feststoffpartikel an der Oberfläche des Flüssigkeitsspiegels 52 aufschwimmen. Die Schnecke 32 transportiert die schwere Phase (Sinkgut) in Figur 1 nach rechts in Richtung auf die Austragsöffnungen 44. Am Ende der konischen Trommel 16 wird in Abhängigkeit vom Flüssigkeitsspiegel 52 eine mehr oder weniger lange Trockenstrecke 74 gebildet, an deren Beginn die Feststoff- teile von der Schnecke 32 aus der Trägerflüssigkeit gehoben und entlang dieser Trockenstrecke 74 zu den Austragsöffnungen 44 gefördert werden.As already mentioned, the suspension to be separated, for example plastic parts of different weights in a carrier liquid, passes through the openings 40 of the hollow shaft 28 into the area of the cylindrical drum 12, where the liquid level 52 is determined by the annular gap 64, ie by the Distance of the transition piece 60 from the shaft 28 of the screw conveyor 26. The specifically heavier solid parts are thrown against the rotor wall 58 due to the centrifugal force exerted by the rotor 10, while the specifically slightly Float solid particles on the surface of the liquid level 52. The screw 32 transports the heavy phase (sediment) in FIG. 1 to the right in the direction of the discharge openings 44. Depending on the liquid level 52, a more or less long drying section 74 is formed at the end of the conical drum 16, at the beginning of which the solid parts lifted from the carrier liquid by the screw 32 and conveyed along this drying section 74 to the discharge openings 44.
Es besteht die Möglichkeit, den Stauring 54 gegen einen kleineren oder größeren Stauring auszuwechseln, um auf diese Weise einen radial kleineren oder größeren Ringspalt 64 zu bilden, wodurch der Flüssigkeitsspiegel 52 und damit die Trockenstrecke 74 verändert werden.It is possible to replace the retaining ring 54 with a smaller or larger retaining ring in order to form a radially smaller or larger annular gap 64, as a result of which the liquid level 52 and thus the drying section 74 are changed.
Das spezifisch leichtere Schwimmgut, das auf dem Flüssigkeitsspiegel 52 aufschwimmt, wird über die radial kleinere Schnecke 30 in der Gegenrichtung zu dem Ringspalt 64 gefördert, wobei die Abschrägung 72 des Staurings 54 den Überlauf des Schwimmgutes in die linke konische Trommel 14 unterstützt. In dieser hängt der Flüssigkeitsspiegel 50 vom Abstand zwischen der Eintrittsöffnung 70 der Überlaufröhre 68 und der Welle 28 der Förderschnecke 26 ab. Wenn die Überlaufröhre 68, ausgehend vom Beispiel der Figur 2, radial nach außen verstellt werden, strömt ein Teil der Trägerflüssigkeit durch die Überlaufröhre 68 nach außen ab, bis der neue Flüssigkeitsspiegel 50 erreicht ist. Dadurch wird unabhängig vom Flüssigkeitsspiegel 52 für das Sinkgut die Trockenstrecke 76 in der in Figur 1 linken konischen Trommel 14 vergrößert. Umgekehrt wird diese Trockenstrecke 76 verkleinert, wenn die Überlaufröhre 68 radial nach innen verstellt werden.The specifically lighter floating material which floats on the liquid level 52 is conveyed via the radially smaller screw 30 in the opposite direction to the annular gap 64, the bevel 72 of the retaining ring 54 supporting the overflow of the floating material into the left conical drum 14. In this, the liquid level 50 depends on the distance between the inlet opening 70 of the overflow tube 68 and the shaft 28 of the screw conveyor 26. If the overflow tube 68, starting from the example in FIG. 2, is adjusted radially outward, a part of the carrier liquid flows out through the overflow tube 68 until the new liquid level 50 is reached. As a result, the drying section 76 in the conical drum 14 on the left in FIG. 1 is increased, independently of the liquid level 52 for the sink material. Conversely, this drying section 76 is reduced when the overflow tube 68 is adjusted radially inwards.
Der Abstand 66 zwischen der Sperrwand 62 und der Rotorwand 58 verhindert, daß in der Trägerflüssigkeit suspendiertes Schwimmgut durch die Überlaufröhre 68 nach außen gelangen kann. Beim Ausführungsbeispiel der Figuren 4 und 5 ist der Ringspalt 64 durch eine Blende 78 abgeschlossen, die einen einstückig mit dem Ring 56 ausgebildeten Blendenring 80 hat, der sich von dem Ring 56 radial bis zur Mantelfläche der Welle 28 der Förderschnecke 26 erstreckt. In die Innenkante des Blendenrings 80 sind gleichmäßig über den Umfang verteilt Überströmfenster 82 eingearbeitet, deren Öffnungen durch Wehrplatten 84 vergrößert oder verkleinert werden können. Die Wehrplatten 84 sind durch nicht weiter dargestellte Organe von außen radial verstellbar, so daß durch die radiale Innenkante der Wehrplatten 84 der Flüssigkeitsspiegel 52 in der zylindrischen Trommel 12 und in der rechten konischen Trommel 16 bestimmt wird.The distance 66 between the barrier wall 62 and the rotor wall 58 prevents floating material suspended in the carrier liquid from being able to escape to the outside through the overflow tube 68. In the exemplary embodiment in FIGS. 4 and 5, the annular gap 64 is closed off by an orifice 78 which has an orifice ring 80 which is formed in one piece with the ring 56 and extends radially from the ring 56 to the outer surface of the shaft 28 of the screw conveyor 26. In the inner edge of the diaphragm ring 80, overflow windows 82 are incorporated, evenly distributed over the circumference, the openings of which can be enlarged or reduced by weir plates 84. The weir plates 84 are radially adjustable from the outside by means not shown, so that the liquid level 52 in the cylindrical drum 12 and in the right-hand conical drum 16 is determined by the radial inner edge of the weir plates 84.
Bei der Variante der Figuren 6 und 7 besteht die Blende 78 aus zwei gegeneinander verdrehbaren Ringscheiben, nämlich dem auch hier mit dem Ring 56 fest verbundenen Blendenring 80 und einer in Überströmrichtung davorliegenden Ringscheibe 86, die in nicht weiter dargestellter Weise mit der Förderschnecke 30 gekoppelt ist und mit dieser umläuft. Auch hier hat der Blendenring 80 Überstrδmfenster 82; ähnliche Überströmfenster 88 sind in die mit der Schnecke 30 rotierende Ringscheibe 86 eingearbeitet, wodurch bei der Rotation der Schnecke 30 das Schwimmgut pulsierend durch den Ringspalt 64 in die konische Trommel 14 strömt.In the variant of FIGS. 6 and 7, the diaphragm 78 consists of two annular disks which can be rotated relative to one another, namely the diaphragm ring 80, which is also firmly connected to the ring 56 here, and an annular disk 86 located in the overflow direction, which is coupled to the screw conveyor 30 in a manner not shown and circulates with it. Here too, the aperture ring 80 has overflow windows 82; Similar overflow windows 88 are incorporated into the annular disk 86 rotating with the screw 30, so that when the screw 30 rotates, the floating material flows pulsating through the annular gap 64 into the conical drum 14.
Beim Ausführungsbeispiel der Figuren 8 und 9 besteht die Blende 78 ebenfalls aus zwei gegeneinander verdrehbaren Ringscheiben, nämlich dem Blendenring 80 und der in Förderrichtung axial davorliegenden Ringscheibe 86, die an dem Ring 56 angebracht ist. Beide Scheiben haben an ihrem radialen Innenrand Überströmfenster 82, 88, die hier dreieckig ausgebildet sind und in Abhängigkeit von ihrer Überlappung die Durchflußöffnung für das Schwimmgut in die konische Trommel 14 bestimmen. Die Ringscheibe 86 kann gegen den Blendenring 80 verstellt werden, was bereits bei der Montage der Zentrifuge vorgenommen wird. Alternativ ist es auch möglich, über nicht weiter dargestellte Bedienelemente die Ringscheibe 86 von außen in Umfangsrichtung zu verdrehen, um die Größe der Überströmfenster 82, 88 den jeweiligen Erfordernissen entsprechend einzustellen. In the exemplary embodiment in FIGS. 8 and 9, the diaphragm 78 likewise consists of two ring disks which can be rotated relative to one another, namely the diaphragm ring 80 and the ring disk 86 axially located in the conveying direction and which is attached to the ring 56. Both discs have overflow windows 82, 88 on their radial inner edge, which are triangular here and determine the throughflow opening for the floating material into the conical drum 14 as a function of their overlap. The annular disc 86 can be adjusted against the aperture ring 80, which is already done during the assembly of the centrifuge. Alternatively, it is also possible to rotate the annular disk 86 from the outside in the circumferential direction by means of operating elements (not shown) adjust the size of the overflow windows 82, 88 according to the respective requirements.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Schneckenzentrifuge zur naßmechanischen Trennung von Fest- stoffgemischen mit einem um eine horizontale Achse drehbaren, aus einer zylindrischen und zwei konischen Trommeln zusammengesetzten Rotor, einer darin gelagerten, um dieselbe Achse rotierenden Förderschnecke, die zwei gegenläufige Schnecken aufweist, mit Mitteln für den axialen Zulauf des Feststoffgemisches in die Zentrifuge und mit im Bereich der Enden der konischen Trommel- wände angeordneten Austragsöffnungen für Sinkgut und für Schwimmgut, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß am Rotor (10) eine radial nach innen ragende Staueinrichtung (48) zur Erzeugung eines unterschiedlichen Flüssigkeitsspiegels (50, 52) für das Schwimmgut und das Sinkgut angeordnet ist.1. Screw centrifuge for the wet mechanical separation of solid mixtures with a rotor rotatable about a horizontal axis, composed of a cylindrical and two conical drums, a screw conveyor mounted in it and rotating about the same axis, which has two counter-rotating screws, with means for the axial feed of the solid mixture into the centrifuge and with discharge openings arranged in the region of the ends of the conical drum walls for sinking material and for floating material, characterized in that on the rotor (10) a radially inwardly projecting storage device (48) for producing a different liquid level (50, 52) is arranged for the floating material and the sinking material.
2. Schneckenzentrifuge nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Staueinrichtung (48) aus einem Stauring (54) besteht, der einen Ringspalt (64) zur Welle (28) der Förderschnecke (26) freiläßt und hinter dem in Förderrichtung für das Schwimmgut wenigstens ein Überlaufröhr (68) für die Trägerflüssigkeit angeordnet ist, dessen radial nach innen weisende Eintrittsöffnung (70) einen Abstand zur Welle (28) der Förderschnecke (26) freiläßt.2. Screw centrifuge according to claim 1, characterized in that the storage device (48) consists of a retaining ring (54) which leaves an annular gap (64) to the shaft (28) of the screw conveyor (26) and behind that in the conveying direction for the float at least an overflow tube (68) for the carrier liquid is arranged, the inlet opening (70) pointing radially inwards leaving a distance to the shaft (28) of the screw conveyor (26).
3. Schneckenzentrifuge nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Abstand der Eintrittsöffnung (70) zur Welle (28) der Förderschnecke (26) größer als die radiale Breite des Ringspaltes (64) ist.3. Screw centrifuge according to claim 2, characterized in that the distance of the inlet opening (70) to the shaft (28) of the screw conveyor (26) is greater than the radial width of the annular gap (64).
4. Schneckenzentrifuge nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Überlaufröhr (68) zur Einstellung des Abstan- des radial verstellbar ist.4. Screw centrifuge according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the overflow tube (68) is radially adjustable to adjust the distance.
5. Schneckenzentrifuge nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Stauring (54) ein im Längsschnitt U-för- miges, das Überlaufröhr (68) umgreifendes Rinnenprofil hat, bestehend aus einem an der Rotorwand (58) befestigten, radialen Ring (56) , einem den Rinnenprofilgrund bildenden Übergangsstück (60) und einer sich daran anschließenden Sperrwand (62) , deren freies Ende einen geringen radialen Abstand (66) zur Rotorwand (58) freiläßt.5. Screw centrifuge according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the retaining ring (54) is a U-för- in longitudinal section miges, the overflow tube (68) encompassing channel profile, consisting of a radial ring (56) attached to the rotor wall (58), a transition piece (60) forming the channel profile base and an adjoining barrier wall (62), the free end of which is one leaves small radial distance (66) to the rotor wall (58) free.
6. Schneckenzentrifuge nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dem Stauring (54) Mittel zur Einstellung des Ringspaltes (64) zugeordnet sind.6. Screw centrifuge according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the retaining ring (54) are associated with means for adjusting the annular gap (64).
7. Schneckenzentrifuge nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Stauring (54) auswechselbar an der Rotorwand (58) befestigt ist.7. Screw centrifuge according to claim 6, characterized in that the retaining ring (54) is exchangeably attached to the rotor wall (58).
8. Schneckenzentrifuge nach Anspruch 6 oder 7 , dadurch gekennzeichnet daß der Stauring (54) im Bereich zwischen dem Ring (56) und dem Übergangsstück (60) eine Abschrägung (72) aufweist.8. Screw centrifuge according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the retaining ring (54) in the region between the ring (56) and the transition piece (60) has a bevel (72).
9. Schneckenzentrifuge nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Ringspalt (64) durch eine einstellbare Blende (78) abgeschlossen ist.9. Screw centrifuge according to claim 6, characterized in that the annular gap (64) is closed by an adjustable diaphragm (78).
10. Schneckenzentrifuge nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Blende (78) aus zwei gegeneinander verdrehbaren Ringscheiben (80, 86) besteht, deren radiale Innenkanten Überströmfenster (82, 88) aufweisen.10. Screw centrifuge according to claim 9, characterized in that the diaphragm (78) consists of two mutually rotatable ring disks (80, 86), the radial inner edges of which have overflow windows (82, 88).
11. Schneckenzentrifuge nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden Ringscheiben (80, 86) an dem Ring (56) angebracht sind.11. Screw centrifuge according to claim 10, characterized in that the two ring discs (80, 86) are attached to the ring (56).
12. Schneckenzentrifuge nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Ringscheibe (80) an dem Ring (56) angebracht oder einstückig mit diesem ausgebildet ist, während die zweite Ring- Scheibe (86) mit der Förderschnecke (30) gekoppelt ist und mit dieser rotiert.12. Screw centrifuge according to claim 10, characterized in that an annular disc (80) attached to the ring (56) or is integrally formed therewith, while the second ring Disk (86) is coupled to the screw conveyor (30) and rotates with it.
13. Schneckenzentrifuge nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Blende (78) einen am Ring (56) angebrachten oder einstückig mit diesem ausgebildeten Blendenring (80) aufweist, dessen radiale Innenkante Überströmfenster (82) hat, deren Öffnungen durch radial verstellbare Wehrplatten (84) einstellbar sind. 13. Screw centrifuge according to claim 9, characterized in that the diaphragm (78) attached to the ring (56) or integrally formed with this diaphragm ring (80), the radial inner edge of which has overflow windows (82), the openings of which by radially adjustable weir plates ( 84) are adjustable.
EP03709804A 2002-03-20 2003-03-20 Helical conveyor centrifuge Expired - Lifetime EP1485205B1 (en)

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DE10212187A DE10212187A1 (en) 2002-03-20 2002-03-20 screw centrifuge
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PCT/EP2003/002907 WO2003078070A1 (en) 2002-03-20 2003-03-20 Helical conveyor centrifuge

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US7153255B2 (en) 2006-12-26
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JP4575668B2 (en) 2010-11-04
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WO2003078070A1 (en) 2003-09-25
JP2005520674A (en) 2005-07-14
DE50307292D1 (en) 2007-06-28
AU2003214143A1 (en) 2003-09-29
PT1485205E (en) 2007-08-23
DE10212187A1 (en) 2003-10-02
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US20050107236A1 (en) 2005-05-19
RU2004130860A (en) 2005-05-20
CA2479658A1 (en) 2003-09-25
EP1485205B1 (en) 2007-05-16
ATE362399T1 (en) 2007-06-15
CN1655872A (en) 2005-08-17

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